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1989 ’s Sociological Library: The Foundations of American Sociological Michael R. Hill University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected]

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Hill, Michael R., "Roscoe Pound’s Sociological Library: The oundF ations of American Sociological Jurisprudence" (1989). Sociology Department, Faculty Publications. 452. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/sociologyfacpub/452

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology Department, Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Hill, Michael R. 1989. Roscoe Pound’s Sociological Library: The Foundations of American Sociological Jurisprudence. (Public Administration Series, No. P-2632). Monticello, IL: Vance Bibliographies. I SSN: 0193- 970X

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SERIES: Bibliography

April 1989 P 2632

ROSCOE POUND'S SOCIOLOGICAL LIBRARY: The Foundations of American Sociological

Jurisprudence, A Bibliography

Michael R . Hill

Vance Bibliographies

Post 0 11 ice Box 229

Monticello, I llinois 6'856 USA VANCE BIBLIOGRAPHIES Pub. Admine Series: :Bibliography #P 2632 ISSN: 0193--970X IS:BN: 0-7920-0142-7

ROSCOE POUND'S SOCIOLOGICAL LIBRARY: THE FOUNDATIONS OF AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL JURISPRUDENCE, A BIBLIOGRAPHY

by

Michael R. Hill Department of Sociology University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln, Nebraska. 68588-0324

PART I: ROSCOE POUND AND SOCIOLOGY Introduction . Roscoe Pound 1:vas an interdisciplinarian of the first order. His active reformation of legal thought and administrative practice i~ the was grounded in careful study of European and knerican legal and social theorists. He read widely in the discipline of sociology, as the following bibliography of his personal sociological book collection attests. Pound's study of sociology reached more widely and deeply than cursory examination of his published work reveals. This bibliographic essay introduces modern scholars to the theoretical and intellectual contributions of the discipline o!' sociology to the foundations of twentieth-century juristic tho'llZht i::l ·~he Uni ted States as molded and interpreted by one of J...merica' s leading jurists: Roscoe Pound. The opportunity to "browse" through the personal library of a major thinker is a rare opportunity that suggests new lines of critique and theoretical development. The first part of this bibli.ographic essay outlines Pound's connections to American sociology, and the second part d.·;;tails the specifics of Pound's sociological library. 2. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632

Roscoe Pound (1870-1964) is perhaps best known as the dean of the Harvard School and the founding author of American sociological jurisprudence (e.g., Wigdor 1914: Sayre 1948). His prolific intellectual output is bibliographically detailed in Setaro (1942) and Strait ('1960) •. Pound's work includes major statements in the discipli~es of botany, law, , and sociology. Pound came of age in a frontier community. Born in Lincoln, Nebraska, Pound was educated at the University of Nebraska in the company of the likes of Amos G. Warner (later author of American Charities) and Alvin Saunders Johnson (later co-editor of The Encyclopedia of the Social and"co"'founder of the New School for ). This was an exciting intellectual period at Nebraska, distinguished by creative scholars, eager students, and the institutional.freedom of a new university. At the turn of the century, it was Pound's genius to reVolutionize l:egal thought in the United. state~ by combining thorough legal study with the pioneering insights of soc~ology then evol¥~ng in American universities. Pound's early tw~ntieth-centu~J c:d tiques of the American bar expanded the f~ontiers of administrative law and invited the social sciences into the courtroom much as many sociologists at that time, including Jane Adams, actively invited sociology into the community and neighborhood (Deegan 1988). Prior to his major work. in law and sociology, Pound made revolutionary contributions in.the discipline of botany (in which he took his· doctorate at the University of Nebraska in 1891) and co-founded the American school of. plant ecology with the publication of Pound and Clements' (1898) Phytogeography of Nebraska (Hill forthcoming a, fOJ:.~thcoming b; Tobey 1981; vJigdor 1914). Subsequently, Pound intensified his study of law, building on an apprenticeship in his father's law firm and a year of study at (1889-1890),and became Dean of the

University of Nebr~~ka Law College i~ 1903. He was accustomed to disciplinary revolution when in 1906 he became the first law sohool p::r:ofessor to address the American :ear A3sociation. 3. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 Pound and Sociology Pound's (1906) address on "The Causes of Popular Dissatisfaction with the Administration of " chastized the legal profession for failure to recognize that the "" as it unfolded in courtrooms across the country was not sim.ply the mechanical interpretation of the "law in books" but necessarily required active interpretation by judges during the application of a"!:lstract legal principles to specific cases. The basis of interpretation, in Pound's view, should rest on the reasoned adjustment of competing social interests. Further, Pound argued that the character of modern social interests in urban industrial differed greatly from social interests in traditional, rural societies. The legal profession must be alert not only to social interests per se, but also to regional variations and changes in social interests. For Pound, sociology provided an intellectual platform from which to examine social interests and an empirical for assessing the alignment between judicial decision-making and legitimate social interests. Pound's sociological analysis' of law concluded that the law and the court system were fundamentally overburdened~ That iato say, the law as a social could not meet the demands that society often placed upon it, pragmatically as well as theoretically. Injustice, Pound argued, could not be solved by the courts alone. Cooperation and coordination between social. such as family, religion, and education were also required. He severely critiques the legislative arm of government f::n:making that could not (or, often as not, should not) be enforced in the courts. Asa remedy, Pound proposed a Mini·fjtry of .Justice to assist legislators in the framing of socially responsive, legally consistent, and pragmatically enforceable legislation. Where courts were overburdened by cases essentially ad~inistrative in character, Pound advocated the creation and use of administrative boards. For good or bad, this notion took solid 49 Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 root, and in subsequent decades administrative regulations for outstripped the number of laws enacted by legislatures (in his later years, Pound eventually questioned the overbearing nature of some administrative agencies). Although Pound is well-known for his work on crimino~ogy and delinquency, he critigues the popular view (held by not a few sociologists as well) that law dealt primarily with criminal prosecution when, as empirical data clearly showed (then as now), civil matters consume the lion's share of legal services and court time. Civil procedure often worked more smoothly than criminal procedure, and Pound saw in this a positive lesson to be learned. Pound drew on sociology not only for theoretical insight, but also for empirical methodological techniques. His survey of criminal justice in Cleveland (Pound and Frankfurter 1922) was cited as an exemplar of socioiogical methodology by Robert Park anl (1924) and became the model for subsequent crime surveys throughout the United states. Pound instituted a series of criminological studies at Harvard University, re.sulting in the long, distinguished line or, investigations on delinquency conducted 1;Jy Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck. Pound was a central and effective . . . participant on the National Commission on Lawpbservance and c ,~,> . '. Enforcement from 1929-1931 which sponsored several sociological - .'.: . investigations of crime and the administ:r:~ti~n of justice in the . .) .. ' United States, including work by Edith Abbott, Mary van Kleeck, Clifford Shaw, and Henry McKay. After World War II, Pound personally organized and conducted an int~nsive field st~dy of criminal justice in eastern China from 1946-1948. For Pound, . sociology offered methods and ideas to be used in the real world.

The influx of sociology into Pound's anal~ses of American, ju~istic problems began shortly after his appointment as a law teacher at the University of Nebraska in 1899. In 1901, the noted American sociologist Edward A. Ross (whose influenti.al book, Social Control, was published that same year) was successfully brought to the University of Nebraska by Chancellor Benjamin Andrews followi!J(: 5. pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632

the infamous firing of Ross by Stanford University. Pound and Ross became friends and colleagues who debated the application of sociology to law (Hill forthcoming a; Ross 1936). The first published result of this association was Pound's (1904) short monograph on "A New School of Jurists" (Hertzler 1979). These ideas gained national attention in Pound's famous 1906 address to the . The story of Pound's participation in American sociology is told elsewhere in greater detail (Hill forthcoming a). Suffice it to say here that Pound was a member of the American Sociological Society (now the American Sociological Associatiop), published articles in the American Journal of Sociology, taught at Harvard University, and was a collegial friend to Edward A. Ross, Albion Small, and George E. Howard, among others. This was steller company. Ross, Small, and Howard were all presidents of the American Sociological Society; Ross and Small were noted theorists; and Small was not only the first chair of the first graduate department of sociology (at the University of ·) but also the founder and editor for many years of the American Journal of Sociology. Pound occupied a central location in the collegial network of American sociology. Pound anticipated writing a book to be titled Sociological Jurisprudence and completed much work to that end at the invitation of Richard T. Ely and the urging of E. A. Ross, but the book "la::I never completed or published as a unified sociological treatuse. It is in part for this reason that SOCiologists (in particular)

J~avG generally failed to appreciate Pound's pivotal accomplishment in pragmatically and fruitfully linking law and sociology. The major components of Pound's of law were published separately, often in law journals, over a period of

several years (e.g., POUL'"1d 1904,1906 9 1907,1911-1912,1912, 1913a, 1913b, 1915a, 1915b, 1916, 19179 1921, 1927, 1928, 1937-· 1938, 1942, 1943, 1945a, 1945b, 1958,1959). Together, these works

ar~d the sociological insights on which they are based, form an 6. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 interconnected set of arguments. It is noteworthy that at least two of Pound 's major points (the need for a I\finistry of Justice t.:> assist legislators, and public preoccupation ,,'lith criminal law to theexc,lusion of lessons to be learned from civil law) are as fresh today as ever.

References for Part I

Deegan, Mary Jo. 1988. and the Men of the Chicago School, 1892-1918. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Books. Hertzler, Joyce O. 1979. A at the University of Nebragka. Journal of the History of Sociology 1 ~pring)~ 42-62.

Hnl, Michael R. forthcoming a. Roscoe Pound and American Sociology: A Sociobiography. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Hill, Michael R. forthcoming b. Roscoe Pound and the Seminarium Botanicum at the University of Nebraska, 1888-1889 •. Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences.

Park,Robert E. and Ernest W. Burgess. 1924. Introduction to the of Sociology. 2nd ed. Chicago: Press.

Pound, Roscoe. 1904. A New School of Jurists. University Studies (University of Nebraska) 4(3): 249-266. Pound, Roscoe. 1906.·· The' Causes of Popular Dissatisfaction with the Administration of Jus,tice. American La"L Review 40 (September-October): 729-749.· Pound, Roscoe •. 1907. The Need of a Sociological Jurisprudence. Green Bag 19 (October): 607-615. Pound, Roscoe. 1911-1912. The Scope and Purpose of Sociological Jurisprudence. Harvard Law Review 24 (June): 591-619; 25 (December): 140-168; 25 (April): 489-526. Pound, Roscoe. 1912. Social Problems and the Courts. American Journal of Sociology 18 (November): 331-341. Pound, Roscoe. 1913a.· The Administration of Justice in the Modern Cityc Harvard Law Review 26 (February): 302-328. . 7. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632

Pound, Roscoe. 1913b. Legislation as a Social Function. American Journal of Sociology 18 (May): 755-768. Pound, Roscoe. 1915a. Interests of Personality. Harvard Law Review 28 (February): 343-365; 28 (March): 445-456. Pound, Rescoe. 1915b. Legal . International Journal of Ethics,26 (October): 92-116. Pound, Roscoe. 1916. Individual Rights in the Domestic Relations. Michigan Law Review 14 (January): 177-196. Pound, Roscoe. 1917. Juristic Problems of National Progress. American Journal of Sociology 22 (May): 721-733. Pound, Roscoe. 1921. A Theory of Social Interest3.' Papers and Proceedings of the American Sociological Society 15: 16-45.

Pound, Roscoe. 1927. Sociology and Law. ·(In) The Social Science8 and Their Interrelations, pp. 319-328, editeq. by' William Fielding Ogburn and Alexander Goldenweiser. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

Pound, Roscoe. 1928. Social and Economic Probiemsof 'the Law. Annals, American Academy of Political and 136 (March): 1-9. Pound, Roscoe. 1937-1938. Fifty Years of Jurisprudence. Harvard Law Review 50 (February): 557-582; 51 (January): 444-472; 51 (March): 777-812. Pound, Roscoe. 1942. Social Control through Law. New Haven, Connecticut: Press.

Pound, Roscoe. 1943. A Survey of Social InterestS. Harvard Law Review 62 (October): 1-39.

Pound, Roscoe. 1945a. A Survey of Public Interests. Harvard Law Review 58 (September): 909-929. Pounq., Roscoe. 1945b. Sociology of Law. (In) Twentieth Century Sociology, pp. 297-341, edited by George Gurvitch and Wilbert E. Moore. New York: Philosophical Library.

P01L~d, Roscoe. 1958. Class Interest and Economic. Pressure: Ths Marxian 'Interpretation. (In) The Ideal Element in Law, pp. 196 ... 2188 (Tagore Lectures, 1948). Calcutta:' 'University of Calcutta.

Pound, Roscoe. 1959. Sociological Jurisprudence. (In) Ju:t'isprudence, Vol. I, pp. 291-358. st. Pau.l, Minnesota: vlest. 8. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632

Pound, Roscoe and , eds. 1922. Criminal Justice in'Cieveland. Cleveland, Ohio: Cleveland Foundation.

'Pound, Roscoe a~d . 1898. The. Phytogeography of Nebraska. Lincoln, Nebraska: Jacob North.

Ross, Edward A. 1901. Social Control: A Survey, of the Foundations of Order. New York: Maomillan.

Ross, Edwam A. 1936~ Seventy Years of It: An Autobiography. New York: D. Appleton-Century.

Sayre, Paul. 1948.. The Life of Roscoe Pound. Iowa City: College of Law Committee, University of Iowa.

Setaro, Franklyn C: 1942. A Bibliography of the Writings of Roscoe\Pbund. Cambridge, Massachusetts: 'Harvard University Press.

strait, George A~ 1960.' A Bibliography of the Writings of Roscoe Pound, 1940-1960. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard Law ~chool Library.

Tobey, R. C. 1981. Saving the Prairies: The Life Cycle of the Founding School of American Plant Ecology, 1895-1955. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.

Wigdor, David." 1974. Roscoe Pound: of Law. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press.

PPJRT II: POUND'S SOCIOLOGICAL LIBRARY Roscoe Pound ",as an avid book collector and a voracious reader throughout his student years and later professional career. During his graduat~ student days he lamented he had no extra money with which to escape from Nebraska because he invested all his funds in books. Th~~ound family placed a high value on pooks. Pound's ! "',. . mother served on the city library board of Lincoln,'Nebraska, from 1880-1890, and when the city appropriated no funds for a libra:':'ian in 1892, Sarah Biddlecome Pound took it upon herself to fill in as acting librarian. Her sori's love of books is no doubt due in large part to her own appreciation for literature and intellectual ideas. Roscoe Pound's personal book collect~on was donated at his death to the Association of Trial Lawyers of America, 1050 31st Street, 9. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 Washington, D.C. 20007, where it is maintained intact as a research facili ty for scholars and members of the legal profession. POtl':1.d' 13 collection isa treasure trove of works in botany, law, literature, , the classics, and sociology.

Defining Pound's Sociological Collection The care catalog for Pound's large collection was searched during a visit to the Association of Trial La~r,yers of America in Washington, D.C. Works authored by prominent sociologists and sociologically significant intellectuals (particularly criminologists well-known in the sociological literature) were identified. The following bibliographic inventory is the result. A representative rather than exhaustive claim is made for this list. The list could no doubt be extended somewhat by using a wider and more comprehensive list of sociological W':.'iters as the basis of a further search (including, for example, sociological jurists such as and Benjamin cardozo). Listing sociological materials that Pound cited but apparently did not add to his personal collection offers another avenue for expanding the contents of Pound's "sociological library." The authors, titles, and publication dates of significant sociological works were recorded from the dictionary.patalog to 'i:;he Pound Collection. These data were verified in the National Union Catalog to produce the following bibliographic entries. Where joint British and American publication was indicated in the

National Union Catalog, .the Amer.ican publisher has be~n cited ao these are more generally available to students in the United states. Examination of the following bibliography supports the following generalizations. First, despite Pound's documented mastery .ofseveral foreign languages, it is noteworthy that his personal library favored English translations of sociological vlOrlm originally published in other languages (see, for example, the entries for Durkheim, Freud, Marx, Tarde, and "leber). Second, conparison of publication dates in the National Union Catalog with 10. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 dates of works in Pound's library demonstrates that he almost always obtained or received first editions of works that subsequently enjoyed many printings and editiona', supporting the thesis that Pound was well-informed concerning major developments in sociology into the 1930's.' Third, Pound's resources not only covered a wide range of political perspectives, from Marx and the \-Tebbs on the one hand, to Adam Smith on the other, but also , , contained the major theoretical works of the day. R?scoe Hinkle" in the first chapter of his Founding Theory of .American Sociology 1881-1915 (Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1980", p. 13), stated: The analysis which is to be reported in the subsequent chapters reveals that the contributions of such early sociologists as Lester Frank 'lard (1841-1913), (1840-1910),. Franklin Henry Giddings (1855-1931), (1866-1951), (1854-1926), and Charles Horton Cooley (1864- 1929) were consciously arid pre-eminently theoretical. . These men were the founders of the discipline and its major theoreticians. They wrote what was and is regarded as the general theory of the sociology during its first several decades.

Inspection of the following inventory shows th~~ Pound obtained major works by all of the theorists identified}py Hinkle: vlard, Sumner, Giddings, Ross, Small, and Cooley. Pound's readirtgplaced hi~ squarely in the midst of informed sociological theory and debate. The modern equivalent to Pound's library of sociological classics would be the envy of many professional sociologists todayo Roscoe Pound was a model interdisciplinarian and was well-versed in the sociological literature of his era. His approach to sociology en.::}ompassed not only the major works in sociology, but also relevant works in related fields, including anthropology, criminology, and psychoanalysis. 11. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 Aclmowledgement' I am deeply appreciative of DavidWigdor's suggestion that I visit Pound's library at the Association of Trial Lawyersl'of America. This project would ,not have been cOPlpleted wi,t:@out the invaluable bibliographic assistance rendered by Charlotte W. Smith, . . I.'" Leg~l Information Services Coordinator, at the Association of Trial

La~ers of America. My gratitude goes also to Miguel Carr~za and Mary Jo Deegan for providins- that all "important ingreduent-­ collegial encouragement.

Bibliographic Description of Pound's Sociological Library \,';'.' Abbott, Edi·th. 1"924. Immigration: Select Documerits 'and Case Records. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Addams, Jane. 1902. Democracy and Social Ethics. New York: Macmillan.

Addams, Jane. ,1910. Twenty Years at Hull-House. New York: Macmillan. Addams , Jane. 1925. The Child, the Clinic, and'the Court. New York: New 'Republic.

Barnes, Harry Elmer. 1924. Sociology and Political History. N'ew York: Knopf. Barnes, Harry Elmer. 1925. The History end Prospects of the SooialSciences. 'New York: Knopf.

Bal~es, Harry Elmer. 1925. The New History and the Social Studies. New York: Century. '

Barnes, Harry Elmer. 1926. The Repression of Crime •. New York: George H. Doran. Barnes, Harry Elmer. 1935. The History of Western Civilization. New York: Harcourt.

. , . . Bentham, Jeremy. 1776. A Fragment on Government: Being &"1. Examination on Whatts Delivered, on the Subject of Government in General, in the Introduction to Sir 's Commentaries. London: T. Payne. 12. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632

Bentham, Jeremy. 1816. Chrestomathia: Being a Collection of Papers, Explanat~~ of the Design of an Institution, Proposed to Be Set on Foot, under the Name of the Chrestomathic Day School, or Chrestomathic School, for the Extension of the New System of Instruction to the Higher Branches of Learning, for the Use of the Middling and Higher Ranks in Life. 2 vols. Londen: Payne and Foss, and R. Hunter.

Bentham, Je~emy. 1827. Rationale of Judicial Evidence, Specially Applied to English Practice. 4 vols. London: Hunt and Clarke. Bentham, Jeremy. 1843. The Works of . 11 vols. London: Simpkin, Marshall.

Bentham, Jeremy. 1876. An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Bentham, Jeremy. 1904. Theory of Legislation. Translated by , R. Hildreth. London: . K. Paul, Trench, Trubper. Bentham, Jeremy. 1928. A Comment on the Commentaries: A Criticism of William Blackstone's Commentaries on the Laws of England. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Bentham, Jeremy. 1931. The Theory of Legislation. New York: Harcourt, Brace.

Bentham, Jeremy. 1945. The Limits of Jurisprudence Defined: Being Part TWo of an Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. New York: Press.

Bernard, Luther 1..1924. Instinct: A Study in Social Psychol0iS'J. New York: H. Holt.

Bernard, Luther L. 1926.' An Introduction to Social Psychology. New Ydrk: H. Holt.

Bernard, Luther L. 1934. The Fields and Methods of Sociology. New York: Farrar and Rinehart.

Breckinridge, Sophonisba Preston. 1924. Family Welfare Work in a Metropolitan Community: Selected Case Records. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Breckinridge, Sophonisba Preston and Edith Abbott. 1912. The Delinquent Child and the Home. Introduction by Julia Lathrop. New York: Charities Publication Committee.

Cairns, Huntington. 1935. Law and the Social Sciences. New York: Harcourt. 13. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632 Comte, Auguste. 1853. The Positive' Philosophy of . Freely translated and condensed by Harriet Martineau. 2 vols. New York: D. Appleton. Comte, Auguste. 1855. The Positive Philosophy of 'Auguste Comte. Freely translated and condensed by Harriet Martineau. New York: C. Blanchard. ,,'

Comte, Auguste. 1909. Catechisme positiviste: ou, Sommaire exposition de la religionuniverselle. New edition with introduction by P. F. Pecaut. : GarnieJ:l. ' '

Comte, Auguste. 1910. La philosophie positive. 4 vols. Paris $

Cooley 9, Charles Horton. 1918. Social Process. New York: Scribners. Dewey, John. 1888. Leibniz's New Essays Concerning the Human ,Understanding: A Critical Exposition. Chicago: S. Co Griggs.

Dewey, John. 1916. Democracy and EducRtion: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education.' New Yo:t'le:' Macmillan. Dewey, John. 1917. Creative Intelligence: Essays in the Pragmatic Attitude. New York: H. Holt. , Dewey, John. 1920. Reconstruction in Philosophy. ' New York: H. Holt. Dewey, John. 1922. Human Nature and Conduct: An Introduction to Social Psychology. New York: H., Holt. Dewey, John. 1929. Characters and Events: 'Popular Essays in Social and Politic,al Philosophy. 2 ;vols. New York: lIoHolt~ De,;Tey, John. 1929. Experience and Nature. New editicn. New York: Norton.

Dewey, John. 1931. Philosophy and Civilization. New York: Minton, Balch.

Dewey, John. 1938. Logic: The Theory' of Inquiry. New York: H. Holt.

Dewey, John and James A. Tufts •. 1908. Ethics. New York: H. Holt.

Dewey, John and James A. Tufts. ~932. Ethics. Revised edition. New York: Ho Holt.

Dugdale, Richard. 1884. The Jukes, and Study in Crime, Pauperisn, Disease, and Heredity. New York: Pu,tnam. 14. Pub. Admin. Series: Bibliography #P 2632

Durkheim, Emile. 1915. The Elementary Forms of the Religious Lifeg A study in Religious Sociology. Translated by J. vi. Swain. New Yorkg Macmillan. ])u.rkheim, Emile. 1933. Emile Durkheim on the Division of Labor in Society. New York: Macmillan.

Ellwood, Charles A. 1912. Sociology in its Psycholo8~cal Aspects. New York: D. Appleton.

Ellwood, Charles A. 1915. The Social l;Toblem: A Constructive }~alysis. New York: Macmillan.

Ellwood, Charles A. 1917. An Introduction to Social Psychology. New York: D. Appleton. Ellwood, Charles A. 1933. Methods in Sociology: A. Critical Study. Durham: Duke Uniyersity Press. Ely, Richard T. 1883. French and German in Modern Times. New York: Harper.

Ely~ Richard T. 1894. Socialismg An Examination of its Nature, lts Strength and its Weakness, "lith Suggestions for Social Reform. New York:T. Y. Crowell.

Ely~ Richard T. 1903. Studies in the Evolution of Industrial Society. New York: Macmillan; Ely, Richard T. 1905. The Labor Movement in America. New edition, revised and enlarged. New York~ llfacmillan. Ely, Richard T. 1914. Property and Contract and their Relationn to the Distribution of Wealth. 2 vols. New York: Macmillrul. Faris, Ellsworth. 1930. Intelligent Philanthropy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

F-.L'azer, James G. 1919-35. The Golden Bough:, A Study in Magic and Religion. 12 vols. New York g :Macmillan.

Frazer, James G. 1922. The Golden Boughg A Study in Magic and Religion. Abridged edition. Ne'\'l Yorkg Macmillan.

Frazer, James G. 1923. Folk-lore in the Old Testament: Studies in Comparative Religion, Legend and Law. Abridged edition. New York: Macmillan. Frazer, James G. 1924. The Belief in Immortality and the Worship of the Dead. London: I'1acmillan. 15. Pub. Admin. Seriesg Bibliography #P 2632

Frazer, James G. 1926. The Worship of Nature. London: Macmillanc

Freud, Sigmund. n. d. Group Psychology and the Analysis of the Ego. Translated by J. Strachey. New York: Moni and Liverwright.

Freud, Sigmund. 1913. The Interpretation of Dreams. Translation of 3rd edition, by A. A. Brill. New York: Macmillan.

Freud, Sigmund. 1914. Psychopathology of Everyday Life. Translation of 4th edition, by A. A. Brill. New Yorkg Macmillan.

Freud, Sigmund. 1916. Wit and Its Relation to the Unconscious. Translated by A. A. Br~ll. New Yorkg Moffat,Yard~ ,

Freud, Sigmund. 1917. Delusion and Dreamg An Interpretation with the Light of Psychoanalysis of Gradiva, a novel by Wilhelm Jensen. Translated by Helen M. Downey. New York: Moffat, Yard.

~'reud, Sigmund. 1918. Totem and Taboog Resemblances between the Psychic Lives of Savages and Neurotics. Translated by A. A. Brill. New York: Moffat, Yard.

Freud, Sigmund. 1920. A General Introduction to Psychoanalysis, Translated by G. S. Hall. New York~ Boni and Liverwright.

Freud, Sigmund. 1922. Beyond the Pleasure Principle. Transla-~ed from the 2nd edition, by C.J.M. Hubback. London: International Psycho-Analytical Press.

Freud, Sigmund. 1922. Introductory Lectures onPsycho-~nalysisg A Course of Twenty-eight Lectures Delivered at the University of Vienna. Translated by Joan Riviere. London~ G. All€n and Unwin.

F'.ceud, Sigmund. 1928. The FL1.ture or an Illusion. Translated by W. D. Robson-Scott. New Yorkg Liverwright.

Glusck, Sheldon. 1925. JIIlentalDisorders and the Criminal La,~. Bostong Little, Brown.

Glueck, Sheldon. 1933. Probation and Criminal Justice. New York g Macmillan.

Glueck, Sheldon. 1936. Crime and Justice. Boston: LitUe, Broim.,

Glueck, Sheldon. 1944. War Criminals, Their Prosecution and Punishment. New York: Knopf. 16. Pub-. Admin. Series g Bibliography #P 2632

--. Glueck/-Sheldon. 1952. Crime and Correctiong Selected Papers. Cambrldge: Addison-Wesley. Glueck, Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck. 1930. Five Hundred Criminal Careers. New York: Knopf. Glueck, Sheldon and Elearior Glueck. 1934. Five Hundred Delinquei:lt Women. New York: Knopf. Glueck,' Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck. 1936.· Preventing Crime. New York: McGraw-Hill. Glueck, Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck. 1940. Juvenile Delinquents ,Grown Up. New York: Commonwealth FUnd.

Glueck, She~don and Eleanor Glueck. 1943. Criminal Careers in Restospect. New York: Commonweal th Fund.

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