April Newsletter Vol. XI No. 4
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Lilac Newsletter Vol. XI, No.4, April, 1985 INTERNATIONAL LILAC SOCIETY INTERNA TlONAL LILAC SOCIETY is a non-profit corporation comprised of individuals who share a particular interest, appre- ciation and fondness for lilacs. Through exchange of knowledge, experience and facts gained by members it is helping to promote, educate and broaden public understanding and awareness. Articles printed in this publication are the views and opinions of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the editor or the International Lilac Society. This publication, LILAC NEWSLETTER (formerly THE PIPELINE) is issued monthly. Back copies are available by writing to the International Lilac Society, c/o Mr. Charles Holetich, Royal Botanical Gardens, Box 399, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. L8N 3H8. Please send 50 cents for each copy requested. President: Thomas N. Chieppo, P.O. Box 164 New Haven, Connecticut 06501-0164 Secretary: Walter W. Oakes" Box 315, Rumford, Maine, 04276 Treasurer: Mrs. Marie Chaykowski 4041 Winchell Road, Mantua, Ohio 44255 Editor: Charles D. Holetich, c/o R.B.G., Box 399, Hamilton, Ontar io, Canada L8N 3H8 INTERNA TlONAL LILAC SOCIETY, William A. Utley, Ex. Vice-Pres., Grape Hill Farm, Devereaux Rd., Clyde, NY 14433 MEMBERSHIP CLASSIFICA TlON Single annual . S 10.00 Family . 12.50 Sustaining . 20.00 Institutional/Commercial .. 25.00 Life . 150:00 *Mail membership dues to I.L.S. Secretary -1- LILACS AT THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM by Jack Alexander When the Arnold Arboretum was established in 1872 there already were lilacs on the property. They had been planted in hedge-rows by Benjamin Bussey who acquired the land in 1806 and probably planted them soon after. Some of these hedges can still be seen on the east side of what we now call Bussey Hill. The area where the Arboretum's lilac collection is now, was planted in 1900 and many of the lilacs that can be seen there date from that time. The oldest lilac in the collection is the Japanese Tree Lilac (Syringa reticulata) near the forsythias. This plant (AA #llll) was started in 1876 from seed collected in Japan. Lilacs are so popular and so widely grown in New England that many people are surprised to learn that no lilacs are native here. Just as the ancestors of most New Englanders came from Europe and Asia, so too did the forebears of our beloved lilacs. There are 24 different species of lilacs. Two species are native to Europe; the rest to Asia. The common lilac (Syringa vulgaris) is one of the European species. It hails from the vicinity of the Balkans. It is this species and hybrids of it that were so often grown and selected by French nurserymen that their country became synonomous with fine lilacs; those that we know as "French Hybrids." The term French hybrid now commonly includes lilacs of that type even though they may not have been bred in France. There are over 700 lilac plants of about 500 different kinds in the Arnold Arboretum collections. These include approximately 450 cultivars, selected by nurserymen and hybridizers for certain horticultural merits such as flower size or color. The remaining 50 -2- kinds include 22 species and their varieties which occur naturally in true breeding populations. The collection is open to public from sunrise to sunset. Majority of lilacs will be at their best from May 15 to Hay 25. For precise information about current year expected peak of bloom phone during the first half of May (617) 524-l7l7~ Two of the most often asked questions about lilacs are "when should I prune?" and "why doesnt't my plant flower?" The lilacs at the Arnold Arboretum are pruned immediately after flowering. When major pruning is required, we remove at ground level, about one-third of the oldest stems each year for three y~ars. This encourages the growth of vigorous new stems from the base and by the end of the three years the plant should be fully rejuvenated. To insure an abundance of flowers, we prune off all spent blossoms. This practice eliminates seed formation and routes the energy usually spent on seeds to next year's flower production. If this is not done, good flowering years may be followed by bad. Now, why didn't your plant flower this year? Is it in full sun? Lilacs do best with plenty of light. Was it planted last year or the year before? The first year after planting, lilacs may bloom from buds formed 'in the nursery. It may take two or even three years after planting for it to become well established in it.s new site. Other possible problems include not enough or too much fertilizer. Soil pH may affect the plants growth; lilacs do well with a soil pH of 6-8. New England soils are frequently very acid and may require some modification for best lilac growth. Contact your County Extension Service for soil testing information. The Arnold Arboretum is administered by Harvard University and is a part of the Boston park system, but no financial support is derived from either the University or the City. All costs of operation, research, 'education, display and distribution of plants, are met -3- by 'income from the endowment of the Arboretum and by the generous support of the FRIENDS OF THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM. For more information about the lilac collection write to Jack Alexander, Propagator, The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University, The Arborway, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts 02130 U.S.A., or phone (617) 524-3108. LIST OF LILACS AT THE ARNOLD ARBORETUM STRINCO" cv. A. e. It''tlV!TD~ SYRINGA cv. BEllE OE Hue T sYII I H;A CV. A. M.• ORAND ~TI\INGA cv. B!Ll. I C(NT S TR I HGA cv. A8tL eAARIERt nRINGA c v. e(:'uN;ER STRIN;A ev. ADELAIDE DUIIL'''' nllIN;. cv. e EI\I\ TtR S TIlINGA ev. "trlts SPIITH PRINGA cv. aER THA PHAIR STII1HU tv. ALADOI" STRINGA CWo eItoLOR SYRIN;A cv. ALBA ;RANO H'LOIIA SlRINGA C v. eLEUATRE STRINGA cv. AI.IlA VIRGINALIS $fR 1 HGA ev. BLU( HYACINTH STRIHIIA cv, AL(XAhOERS ARISTOCRAT STIlINCOA cv. 80l/1,.( HUREt STilI"" cv. ALIC( STRIfIGA cv, !JOUNTltrllL srll I NIOA CV. ALIC!: UnllOOD $TRI'CGA Cv. 80USSI!'IIGAIJLT HIIlIlGA cv. ALPHON~( LAVALL!:!: 5TRUGA cv. 8UF""ON S YIIlNGA cv. A"BASSADruII s T!l1 NG" cv. C. O. VAN f([S STRI"u CV. '''OROISE VERSCHAFFELT STRINGA cv. CALPURNI" STRINGA cv. API(THTST STRINGA cv. tALVIM C. LAIIEr STRIN;A cv. 10"1 SCHOTT $TIHNGA CV. C API 1& IHE 1"'\.TtT STRING. CV. A"OtNA $TIU",,,, cv. OPI TA IHE P'(RIUULT SUING. cv. ANDENKE" AN LUOIIIG SPAETH HRH.GA CV. C"RL TON $TRIN,"" cv. ANHA A"'HO"I' STRIN;A C v. OilMEN STRINGA cv. 101'41111 NICKLES Sf" I NGA ev. CAII~IN!: STRING" cv. ANNABEL ST~ I NGA cv. CATINAT SY~ING. cv. INNE snUCH Sl'IUNGl ev. CAVOUR STRINGA cv. ANNE TUHE STRI,.'A CV. CE!.IA $lIUNGA cv. ARI!:L SYRINGA cv, CHARL!:S HUn STRINGA cv. ASSESSIPPI S TR I NGA ev. CHA/\ L!:S HEP3URN HII I NIOA cv, ASTRA SYRIN;A Cv. CHARLES JOLY STRINGA cv. AUCU8AEFOLIA SYPING" e v, CHIIIH.ES NOROIN( STIII!!G" ev. AUREA STI1INGA cv. CHULOTTE IIO~;AN STRINGA cv. AZUIIO PLENA STR I "IGA cv. t"Aft'! STRIPIGA cv. BAHOUISE STRINGA cv. CHIR"I U SYIHNU ev. 8EACON STRINGI cv. CHRIS STRINGA cv. CHRISTOPHE COLonll S.'" I'lG. ev. CHI/Relt!LL -4- STRIN'. cv. CITY 0' GRESH." SYRINGA tv. FOUNTaIN SYRINGA CV. CITT OF K£LSO STRINGA CV. 'RA~CISCA SYRING. CV. CITY 0' LONGVIEW SYIIIN'A CY. ~RANZ CHOPIN SYRINGA CV. CITY OF OLT"PIA STAINGA cv. FRAU WILHELH P'ITZER STRINGA Cv. CLAn. caCHET STAIN'A CY. ~RED L. KLAGER STRINGA tv. tLAUDE eCRNARO ST~IN'A Cv. FRED PAYNE SYRINGA tv. CLauOE DE LORnAIN SYAINGA CV. FRITZ STRINGA cv. COCRULEA SUPERB. STRINGA CY. FftTQERYK CHOPIH· STRtNGA tv. COL. WA. R. PLU" SYRIN~A Cv. FU[RST LIECHTENSTEIN STRINGA cv. COLBERT SYRINGA Cv. aAuOICHAUD SYRINGA CV. COL"ARIENSIS SYRINGA CV. CEANT DES BATAILLES SYRINGA cv. CO"TE ADRIEN DE "ONTCBELLO SYRINGA CV. G[HEtNRAT HETO£II STRIN'A CV. CDHT[SSE H~AC[ DE CHOISEul SYftIN,A Cv. G[HEINRA' SING£L"ANN SYRINGA cv. CO~OORCET STRINGA. CY. GENCRAl ELWELL S. OTIS STRtN'A cv. CONGO STRING' CY. GENERAL KITCHENER SYRINGA tv. tONSTANCE SYRtNGA CV. GENERAL PERSHING SY~ING. cv. CO~INNE SYRINGA CY. GENEAAL SH£IIHAN STRINGA cv. CRl"PEL SYRtNGA CY•• EDRGl W. ALDRIOG! STRINGA CV. CR&TTON RED STIIINGA cv. GEORGES 8ELLAIR S'RINGA Cv. CREPUSCULE SYRINGA Cv. ;EORGES CLAUDE SYRiNGA tv. CROIX DE 8RAHY STRINGA CY. GIGANTEA ST"INGA CV. aAAE BLANCHE ST"INGA CY. SILBERT STRINGA CV. DAPHNE PINK ST~ING~ Cv. 'LOIRE DE LORRAIK( SVIUNGA CV. DAWN STRINga CV. ;LOIRE DE HOULINS STRI~G. tv. DE CRONCELS STRINGA CV. GLORT STRINGA cv. DE ~USSIEU ST~lNGA tv. ;RACE OATHyAITE STRINGA cv. DE LOUVAIN STRIN" cv. ;RAHO Due CONSTANTIN SYRINGA tv. DE HJRIBEL STAln'A tv. GRISMONOA SYRIN" CV. DE SAUSSURE SYRIH~' cv. GUINEVERE STntNGA tv. O[SD["ONI STRINGA cv. GulZOT SYRINGA CV. DEUIL D"EHILE GILLE SY~IN;A CY. H. ZlOEL SYRINGA Cv. DIANE STRINU CV. HArJOEL SYRINGA CV. DIOEROT STRINGA tv. !lCeI.A STRINr.A Cv. DIPLOHATE STRIN;A Cv. HEDIN STR1NGA CY. OO~.LO WTHAN STAIIl&A CV. tlENRI "UTIN SY~INGA Cv. DO~CAS SYRINGA ev. HCHRI R08ERT SYRINGA cv. DOYEN KET~LCER STnlHGA ev. HENRY WAOSWORTH LON&FELLOW STRINGA CY. DR. CHARLES ~ACoeS STRINGA cv.