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Vitamin B12) in Dietary Supplements by LC/MS/MS Using Synergi™ Fusion-RP Column

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Vitamin B12) in Dietary Supplements by LC/MS/MS Using Synergi™ Fusion-RP Column TN-1208 APPLICATIONS Xianrong (Jenny) Wei Senior Scientist Separation and Quantitation of Physiologic PhenoLogix applications laboratory. Cobalamins (Vitamin B12) in Dietary Supplements by LC/MS/MS using Synergi™ Fusion-RP Column Xianrong (Jenny) Wei1, Michael Landesman2, Spencer Carter2, and Sean Orlowicz1 1. Phenomenex, Inc., 411 Madrid Ave., Torrance, CA 90501 2. Genysis Lab, 391 S Orange Street Suite F, Salt Lake City, UT 84104 LC/MS/MS Method Parameters Analysis of cobalamins (Vitamin B12 ) on reversed phase columns can be challenging due to the relative chemical instability of the Column: Synergi™ 2.5 µm Fusion-RP analyte, the complexity of matrix effects and the existence of sev- Dimensions: 50 x 2.0 mm Part No.: 00B-4423-B0 eral vitamer forms of B . In this tech note, we describe a selective, 12 SecurityGuard™ Cartridge: AJ0-7844 efficient and reproducible method to separate three B12 vitamers Mobile Phase: A: 10 mM Ammonium Formate pH 3.5 (methylcobalamin, cyanocobalamin and adenosylcobalamin) ap- B: Methanol propriate for the quantitative analysis of dietary supplements via Gradient: Time (min) B (%) LC/MS/MS. 0 2 0.2 2 1.8 98 Introduction 4 98 Cobalamin is a micronutrient that animals and humans obtain 4.01 2 through diet, symbiotic bacteria or vitamin supplements. Vitamin 5.5 2 Flow Rate: 350 µL/min B12 deficiency leads to a degeneration of the sensory in the spinal cord with loss of sensation and paralysis that results in a com- Injection Volume: 10 µL plex spectrum of pathologies, including pernicious anemia, meg- Temperature: 21 C° aloblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy, depression, impaired Instrument: Agilent 1260 LC cognition, and autoimmune dysfunction. The four vitamer forms Detection: MS/MS (ESI+) (SCIEX Triple Quad™ 4500 and SCIEX 4000 QTRAP) @ 600 ºC of B12 are differentiated based upon the functional group (R) at Sample: 1. Cyanocobalamin (CNB ) the -axial position (Figure 1). The two forms found naturally in 12 β 2. Adenosylcobalamin (AdoB12) the body are adenosylcobalamin (AdoB12) and methylcobalamin 3. Methylcobalamin (MeB12) (MeB12), while the two most common vitamin forms are hydroxy- cobalamin (HOB12) and cyanocobalamin (CNB12). Due to its stabil- ity advantages, cyanocobalamin is the vitamer form that is most Figure 1. Cobalamin Structure commonly used in supplements. Historically, cobalamin analysis has been performed using mi- crobiological methods that are known to have significant short- comings for accuracy and specificity. More recently, analysis has been done with HPLC separation and various modes of detection including UV, fluorescence and MS. LC/MS/MS analysis can be challenging due to the chemical instability and insource ionization issues for many of the vitamer forms. In this study, we assessed the selectivity, specificity and separation of three forms (AdoB12, MeB12 and CNB12) that are commonly seen in dietary supplements. We have established a sensitive, selective and reproducible quan- titation method for the nutraceutical industry utilizing HPLC sepa- ration coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Experimental Conditions Reagent and chemicals All solvents and reagents were HPLC or analytical grade. Refer- ence standards were supplied by Genysis Lab. Equipment and materials Agilent® 1260 pumps and autosampler were used along with a SCIEX QTRAP 4000 and SCIEX 4500, positive polarity, ESI for detection. For additional technical notes, visit www.phenomenex.com Page 1 of 8 TN-1208 Figure 2. Cobalamin Mobile Phase pH Selection Chart 2.22 Mobile phase at pH 3.5 1.2 Charge 0.18 -0.84 -1.86 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 pH Figure 3. Tuning files _ Methylcobalamin (m.w. 1343.59) by infusion Max. 7.4e7 cps. 673.0 [M+2H+] 7.4e7 7.0e7 6.5e7 6.0e7 5.5e7 Methylcobalamin (MeB12) 5.0e7 s p c 684.0 4.5e7 , y t i s 4.0e7 n e t 3.5e7 n I 695.0 3.0e7 2.5e7 [M-ME+2H+] 2.0e7 1.5e7 1.0e7 665.5 687.5 674.5 762.9 5.0e6 541.0 622.9 700.0 774.0 797.0 831.0 989.51004.5 527.0 882.8 1366.6 0.0 609.2 App ID 23914 23915 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 m/z, Da 665.5 1.4e7 1.3e7 1.2e7 1.1e7 Methylcobalamin s 1.0e7 p c 9.0e6 , Product of 673 y t i 8.0e6 s n e 7.0e6 t n I 6.0e6 5.0e6 4.0e6 673.0 3.0e6 971.5 2.0e6 358.9 1.0e6 147.1 1183.4 0.0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 m/z, Da 665.4 1.27e6 1.20e6 1.10e6 1.00e6 Methylcobalamin s 9.00e5 p Product of 665.4 c , 8.00e5 y t i s 7.00e5 n e t 6.00e5 n I 5.00e5 358.9 4.00e5 636.2 971.4 3.00e5 2.00e5 147.1 1.00e5 1183.4 340.8 486.3 913.1 1125.4 0.00 App ID 23915 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 m/z, Da Page 2 of 8 TN-1208 Figure 4. Tuning files _ Cyanocobalamin (m.w. 1354.5) by infusion 678.5 [M+2H+] 1.5e7 1.4e7 1.3e7 1.2e7 1.1e7 Cyanocobalamin (CNB12) 1.0e7 9.0e6 s p c , 8.0e6 y 604.3 t i s n 7.0e6 e t n I 689.5 6.0e6 602.2 709.3 5.0e6 4.0e6 609.5 720.3 700.5 + 3.0e6 [M+H ] 697.0 740.5 2.0e6 562.9 616.6657.1 777.8 728.6 845.7 858.5 660.6 903.7 1.0e6 997.4 1023.5 1355.4 638.7 1078.5 1144.5 1206.41281.5 1377.4 1428.2 0.0 App ID 23916 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 1150 1200 1250 1300 1350 1400 1450 1500 m/z, Da 359.0 1.0e6 9.5e5 9.0e5 Cyanocobalamin 8.5e5 Product of 678.5 8.0e5 7.5e5 7.0e5 6.5e5 6.0e5 s p c 5.5e5 147.0 , y t i s n 5.0e5 e t n I 4.5e5 678.4 997.5 4.0e5 3.5e5 3.0e5 2.5e5 2.0e5 636.0 1.5e5 912.6 340.6 1.0e5 1209.6 664.7 457.0 5.0e4 184.9 278.8 499.2 725.2 833.7 930.6 1015.3 1124.5 0.0 App ID 23917 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 m/z, Da For additional technical notes, visit www.phenomenex.com Page 3 of 8 TN-1208 Figure 5. Tuning files _ Adenosylcobalamin (m.w. 1579.58) by infusion 790.6 [M+2H+] 2.9e7 2.8e7 2.6e7 Adenosylcobalamin (AdoB12) 2.4e7 2.2e7 2.0e7 1.8e7 s p c 1.6e7 + , [M-Ado+2H ] + + y 801.5 [M+H Na ] t i s 1.4e7 n e t n I 1.2e7 665.5 + 1.0e7 812.5 [M+2Na ] 8.0e6 6.0e6 527.5 4.0e6 676.5 687.5 880.5 2.0e6 566.8 673.0 755.0 823.5 948.6 550.7 580.7 838.7 989.4 0.0 App ID 23918 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 m/z, Da 676.5 1.9e6 1.8e6 1.7e6 1.6e6 1.5e6 Adenosylcobalamin s 1.4e6 p 1.3e6 Product of 790.6 c 1.2e6 , 1.1e6 y t 1.0e6 i 9.0e5 s n 8.0e5 e 7.0e5 t 6.0e5 n I 5.0e5 4.0e5 801.6 3.0e5 603.5 2.0e5 728.7 1.0e5 234.9 362.8 971.4 0.0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 m/z, Da 791.0 4.2e6 4.0e6 3.8e6 3.6e6 3.4e6 3.2e6 3.0e6 s 2.8e6 p 2.6e6 c 665.5 Adenosylcobalamin 2.4e6 , y 2.2e6 Product of 801.4 t i 2.0e6 s 1.8e6 n 1.6e6 e t 1.4e6 n 1.2e6 I 1.0e6 8.0e5 6.0e5 4.0e5 358.9 971.4 2.0e5 147.0 1183.3 0.0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 358.9 8.0e5 7.5e5 7.0e5 6.5e5 6.0e5 s 636.0 p 5.5e5 Adenosylcobalamin c 5.0e5 , Product of 665.5 y 4.5e5 t i 4.0e5 s 147.3 n 3.5e5 665.3 971.4 e 3.0e5 t n 2.5e5 912.3 I 2.0e5 1.5e5 1.0e5 341.0 486.2 1125.3 1183.2 5.0e4 184.1 278.8 457.0 528.8 930.8 0.0 App ID 23919 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 m/z, Da Page 4 of 8 TN-1208 Table 1. Mass Transitions ID Q1 Mass (Da) Q3 Mass (Da) Dwell (msec) DP CE MeB12 1 673.0 665.5 50 50 25 MeB12 2 673.0 971.5 50 50 38 CNB12 1 678.5 359.0 50 90 32 CNB12 2 678.5 997.5 50 90 28 AdoB12 1* 801.5 676.3 50 70 31 AdoB12 2 790.6 665.6 50 70 31 *An adduct ion [M+H++Na+]/2 Figure 6.
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