DOCSLIB.ORG

Five Years of Renewable Energy the Remarkable Story of South Africa’S Power Transformation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Five Years of Renewable Energy the Remarkable Story of South Africa’S Power Transformation Special Supplement 31 October 2016 Five years of renewable energy The remarkable story of South Africa’s power transformation At almost the height of Johannesburg's Carlton Centre, the Khi Solar One tower outside Upington captures the sun's energy to produce electricity. Photo: Christy Strever Major Sponsors Additional Sponsors In Association with Independent Power Producers Office 16468 COMMITTED TO FUNDING RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE 30 PROJECTS R88 BILLION IN VALUE 13 AWARDS For your energy funding solutions contact Sakkie Leimecke at [email protected] or Mike Peo at [email protected]. nedbank.co.za Nedbank Corporate and Investment Banking is a division of Nedbank Ltd Reg No 1951/000009/06. Authorised fi nancial services and registered credit provider (NCRCP16). 16468 COMMITTED TO FUNDING RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE 30 PROJECTS R88 BILLION IN VALUE 13 AWARDS For your energy funding solutions contact Sakkie Leimecke at [email protected] or Mike Peo at [email protected]. nedbank.co.za Nedbank Corporate and Investment Banking is a division of Nedbank Ltd Reg No 1951/000009/06. Authorised fi nancial services and registered credit provider (NCRCP16). ➲4 OCTOBER 2016 Special Supplement to Business Day CONTENTS 14 16 08 26 NEWS AND VIEWS 24 Solar Capital De Aar ABOUT THIS PUBLICATION A carpet of solar has enveloped De This special supplement was produced to 6 Introduction mark five years since the renewable energy Aar. Its two plants make up the programme was introduced in South Africa. The creation of the renewable largest photovoltaic operation in It was produced by independent research energy industry is a remarkable Africa house Intellidex, working in conjunction with success story for South Africa, Business Day. one that is already being emulated 26 The entrepreneurs Our effort has been supported by various within SA and globally sponsors and advertisers who provided A key objective of the IPP funding for the publication. However, the programme was to stimulate new editorial was developed independently by the 8 A gradual, sudden miracle businesses in SA. We look at two Intellidex team, working with Business Day The story of how South which held final editorial control. The opinions companies that have sprung onto expressed are therefore theirs and not any of Africa produced an entirely the global stage on the back of the the sponsors’. new industry out of nothing, programme Please let us know any comments by emailing establishing itself as a world [email protected]. leader in renewable energy 28 The technology behind the renewable energy 9 Creating the IPP Office THE TEAM Steven Hawes explains the science Editor: Stuart Theobald Operating initially from a and workings of some the key Managing editor: Colin Anthony small, temporary structure in renewable energies Consultant: Steven Hawes the parking lot of Gallagher Graphic design, layout: Eleonora Del Grosso Proof reader: Nonhlanhla Kunene Estate, the IPP Office has quickly 31 The true benefits Advertising sales: Nigel Twidale established itself as global leader Socioeconomic development Administration: Tina Shika in renewable energy procurement iniatives have seen R19.3bn Photographer: Christy Strever allocated for spending on 10 The hard task of building communities over 20 years with ACKNOwledgements a further R29.2bn earmarked to This project would not have been possible The independent power producers without the assistance of many people. The have an impressive record of flow into community trusts team would like to thank in particular: constructing plants on time and Karén Breytenbach, Desireë Otto, Moloko on budget 32 Funders and shareholders Masenya, Maduna Ngobeni, Gary lloyd Banks and equity funders put and Beverley Roos of the IPP Office; Sizile Mabaso, Elton Gordon, Veronique Isaacs and 11 Small IPP Programme up an unprecedented amount of Clive Elliott of Cookhouse wind Farm; José Achieving the goal of investment capital to make the David Cayuela Olivencia of Abengoa; Paschal enabling small South African IPP procurement programme Phelan, Janice Finlay and Kate Finlay of Solar Capital; Mark Pickering of Globeleq; Nandu manufacturers to access the work. We look at how it was done Bhula of ACwA Power; Johan van den Berg renewable energy industry of the SA wind Energy Association; Obakeng 34 The future Moloabi of Pele Green Energy; Ramón Marcet of Rioglass; Stephen Forder of The Energy The IPP procurement programme 12 Khi Solar One Blog; Theuns Ehlers, Absa’s Head of Resource The collection of units atop the faces challenges but the logic is and Project Finance; Pippa Reyburn, director, unassailable Edward Nathan Sonnenbergs; Michael Meeser, Khi Solar One tower can be seen Investec head of project finance; Michael from 30km away, hanging like Fitzpatrick, J Maynard project consultants; a second sun in the sky outside Mark van wyk and Peta Chenells of Mergence Investment Managers; Mike Peo, Nedbank Upington Capital’s head of Infrastructure, Energy and Telecommunications; and Hugh Hawarden, 16 Cookhouse Wind Farm RMB’s Power and Renewables Contractor. On the hills above Cookhouse the enormous wind turbines make Published by Intellidex (Pty) ltd for Times Media Group limited. a muted drone as the 40-metre blades slice through the air Intellidex (Pty) ltd 1st Floor, Building 3, Inanda Greens Office Park, 54 weirda Road west, Sandton, 2194 16 Across the country Tel: 010 072 0472 www.intellidex.co.za A double-page map marks the Times Media Group Limited locations of 92 projects using six 4 Biermann Avenue, Rosebank, 2196 different renewable technologies Tel: 011 280 3000 www.timesmedia.co.za © Copyright Intellidex (Pty) ltd. All rights reserved. 20 Bokpoort Concentrated Solar Plant A melting pot of energy far from anywhere incorporating leading- edge technology that enables ADDITIONAL COPIES the plant to continue producing Additional copies of this publication can be 24 electricity through the night 31 purchased by emailing [email protected] ➲6 OCTOBER 2016 Introduction THE STORY OF SOUTH AFRICA’S GLOBAL ENERGY COUP Photo: Christy Strever Stuart Theobald magine 200 hectares covered in into gyrocopters and other light them into 20-year contracts. an objection that has introduced photovoltaic solar panels. That’s aircraft to get decent camera angles The results have been dramatic. damaging uncertainty into the Iabout 400 football fields, or 20 and driven thousands of kilometres The government has conducted four programme. The key roleplayers, times the size of Zoo Lake park in to see projects first-hand. It has not main bidding rounds and in each however, are optimistic that the Johannesburg. There’s now not just been easy, but we wanted to bring the one prices have plummeted. The first success that has been demonstrated a few, but 25 projects of that size magnitude of what has been achieved round in 2011 received an average by the programme means it will be or bigger already built or being to Business Day’s readership. It is a price of R2.52/kWh, but by the fourth impossible to quash. built across South Africa, and many story of a remarkable infrastructure round that had fallen to just 82 cents. Another noteworthy feature of smaller ones. achievement of the government. Using an approach inspired by the programme is the economic Then there are the wind energy I first took note of the renewable South Africa’s, last month Abu Dhabi development aspects of it. Firms farms. Most wind turbines are energy independent power producer announced a new world record low bid to direct between 1% and 3% of around 100m high, the same height procurement programme (REIPPP, price for a photovoltaic solar plant their total top-line turnover towards as London’s Big Ben, with blades usually pronounced “reep”) last year of 2.42 US cents/kWh, equivalent at community development projects. that each span more than 40m. There at a development finance conference the time to 34 South African cents. The result of this is going to be are more than 1,500 such windmills in Luxembourg. A speaker from a The new Medupi and Kusile coal- massive in those areas where there are already erected or being erected European utility was gushing about powered stations, when they come projects. We expand on that on page 31. across the country. what South Africa had achieved, calling fully online, are forecast by various Putting together this publication Then there are the spectacular it “the most successful green energy experts to cost between 100 and has been a matter of pride for the concentrated solar plants that direct procurement programme ever”. 120c/kWh.So successful has the Intellidex team and our colleagues the sun’s rays either on to a tube in a The global excitement at what South approach been it is now being used at Business Day. We have focused curved mirror, or towards a tall tower Africa had done was palpable. This for non-renewable IPPs too, with two on telling the story of the REIPPP in the centre of a field of mirrors. One was something different. Here was a coal projects recently announced and programme, both through the planned project, Redstone, will have well thought through plan to deliver a process now being developed for narrative and visually. We wanted a tower over 250m high – higher than on the renewable energy objectives of gas-fired IPPs. to bring the scale of the programme the Carlton Centre in Johannesburg. the National Development Plan and The world’s development directly to the public so we’ve relied There are also hydroelectric, South Africa’s commitments to help thinkers were eager to learn about extensively on photography. Had biomass and landfill projects being fight climate change. And while so the renewables programme, but it we had more time and resources we constructed.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Environmental Impact Assessment
    Environmental Impact Assessment Study for the proposed Concentrated Solar Power Plant (Parabolic Trough) on the farm Sand Draai 391, Northern Cape – Environmental Scoping Report A Report for Solafrica 14/12/16/3/3/3/203 – Parabolic Trough DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Client: Solafrica Energy (Pty) Ltd Project Name: Environmental Impact Assessment Study for the proposed Concentrated Solar Power Plant (Parabolic Trough) on the farm Sand Draai 391, Northern Cape Royal HaskoningDHV Reference Number: T01.JNB.000565 Authority Reference Number: 14/12/16/3/3/3/203 – Parabolic Trough Compiled by: Johan Blignaut Date: July 2015 Location: Woodmead Review: Prashika Reddy & Malcolm Roods Approval: Malcolm Roods _____________________________ Signature © Royal HaskoningDHV All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission from Royal HaskoningDHV. Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Need and Desirability ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.2.1 Renewable Energy Independent Power Producers Programme (REIPPPP) and Integrated Resource Plan (2010) ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of New International Interconnectors to the South African Power System
    Analysis of new international interconnectors to the South African power system 08-01-2016 1 2 Table of contents Key findings .......................................................................................................... 4 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 6 The South African power system ........................................................................... 7 Methodology and scenarios ................................................................................... 9 Scenarios .............................................................................................................. 11 Reference scenario ............................................................................................... 11 Hydro import scenarios ........................................................................................ 12 Value of interconnectors ...................................................................................... 13 Main results and conclusions ............................................................................... 15 Economic consequences for the system .............................................................. 17 Value of increasing interconnector capacity internally in South Africa ............... 19 Conclusion ............................................................................................................ 20 Detailed results of the scenario analysis ..............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Energize RE Supplement
    Creating a Cleaner, Brighter Future The 50 MW photovoltaic (PV) De Aar Solar PROJECT DESCRIPTION In November 2012 the project signed a 20 year Power project mobilised its construction teams Power Purchase Agreement with Eskom for the sale of electricity and an implementation agreement in December 2012 and is one of the first solar Located 6 km outside the town of De Aar on land with the Department of Energy for the project. facilities in the country to start construction owned by the Emthanjeni Municipality in the Mobilisation of the construction teams commenced as part of the South African Government’s Re- Northern Cape. The project will cover an estimat- in December 2012 and it is expected to be opera- newable Energy Independent Power Producers ed 100 hectares and will generate about 50 MW of tional in mid 2014. Programme (REIPPP). clean renewable power. Once constructed, the De When generating, the facility will supply enough Aar Solar Power facility will convert energy from clean, renewable electricity to power more than With demand for electricity continuing to grow in the sun into electricity using 167,580 PV panels 30,000 South African homes and eliminate over South Africa, the introduction of this clean energy that will be fed directly into the Eskom 132 KV dis- 82,040 tonnes of carbon emissions each year. will have far reaching benefits for the country’s tribution system. power sector, economy and people. TECHNICAL SUMMARY HOW IS ELECTRICITY PRODUCED Solar Panel Suntech STP 290/295, 24Vd 290/295 Watt FROM THE SUN? Photovoltaic (or solar cells) operate by means of two layers of PV Panel rated capacity 290 Watt and 295 Watt semiconductors, usually silicon.
    [Show full text]
  • REIPPP Projects
    REIPPP Projects Window 1 Projects Net capacity Technology Project Location Technology Developer Contractor Status MW supplier Klipheuwel – Dassiefontein Group 5, Dassiesklip Wind Energy Facility Caledon, WC Wind 26,2 Sinovel Operational Wind Energy fFcility Iberdrola MetroWind Van Stadens Wind Port Elizabeth, EC Wind 26,2 MetroWind Sinovel Basil Read Operational Farm Hopefield Wind Farm Hopefield, WC Wind 65,4 Umoya Energy Vestas Vestas Operational Noblesfontein Noblesfontein, NC Wind 72,8 Coria (PKF) Investments 28 Vestas Vestas Operational Red Cap Kouga Wind Farm – Port Elizabeth, EC Wind 77,6 Red Cap Kouga Wind Farm Nordex Nordex Operational Oyster Bay Dorper Wind Farm Stormberg, EC Wind 97,0 Dorper Wind Farm Nordex Nordex Operational South Africa Mainstream Jeffreys Bay Jeffereys Bay, EC Wind 133,9 Siemens Siemens Operational Renewable Power Jeffreys Bay African Clean Energy Cookhouse Wind Farm Cookhouse, EC Wind 135,0 Suzlon Suzlon Operational Developments Khi Solar One Upington, NC Solar CSP 50,0 Khi Dolar One Consortium Abengoa Abengoa Construction KaXu Solar One Pofadder, NC Solar CSP 100,0 KaXu Solar One Consortium Abengoa Abengoa Operational SlimSun Swartland Solar Park Swartland, WC Solar PV 5,0 SlimSun BYD Solar Juwi, Hatch Operational RustMo1 Solar Farm Rustenburg, NWP Solar PV 6,8 RustMo1 Solar Farm BYD Solar Juwi Operational Mulilo Renewable Energy Solar De Aar, NC Solar PV 9,7 Gestamp Mulilo Consortium Trina Solar Gestamp, ABB Operational PV De Aar Konkoonsies Solar Pofadder, NC Solar PV 9,7 Limarco 77 BYD Solar Juwi Operational
    [Show full text]
  • The Developing Energy Landscape in South Africa: Technical Report
    The developing energy landscape in South Africa: Technical Report RESEARCH REPORT SERIES RESEARCH REPORT The developing energy landscape in South Africa: Technical Report OCTOBER 2017 Energy Research Centre, CSIR, and IFPRI The developing energy landscape in South Africa: Technical Report Suggested citation for this report: ERC, CSIR and IFPRI. 2017. The developing energy landscape in South Africa: Technical Report. Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town October 2017. Authors: ERC: Gregory Ireland, Faaiqa Hartley, Bruno Merven, Jesse Burton, Fadiel Ahjum, Bryce McCall and Tara Caetano. CSIR: Jarrad Wright IFPRI: Channing Arndt Energy Research Centre University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch 7701 South Africa Tel: +27 (0)21 650 2521 Fax: +27 (0)21 650 2830 Email: [email protected] Website: www.erc.uct.ac.za Energy Research Centre, CSIR, and IFPRI The developing energy landscape in South Africa: Technical Report Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................ 4 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 6 2. Global renewable technology trends ......................................................................... 9 2.1 The implications for climate change mitigation .................................................................... 12 3. South African Energy Context ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Optimising the Concentrating Solar Power Potential in South Africa Through an Improved GIS Analysis
    energies Article Optimising the Concentrating Solar Power Potential in South Africa through an Improved GIS Analysis Dries. Frank Duvenhage 1,* , Alan C. Brent 1,2 , William H.L. Stafford 1,3 and Dean Van Den Heever 4 1 Engineering Management and Sustainable Systems, Department of Industrial Engineering, the Solar Thermal Energy Research Group and the Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa; [email protected] (A.C.B.); wstaff[email protected] (W.H.L.S.) 2 Sustainable Energy Systems, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand 3 Green Economy Solutions, Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa 4 Legal Drone Solutions, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 11 May 2020; Accepted: 16 June 2020; Published: 23 June 2020 Abstract: Renewable Energy Technologies are rapidly gaining uptake in South Africa, already having more than 3900 MW operational wind, solar PV, Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) and biogas capacity. CSP has the potential to become a leading Renewable Energy Technology, as it is the only one inherently equipped with the facility for large-scale thermal energy storage for increased dispatchability. There are many studies that aim to determine the potential for CSP development in certain regions or countries. South Africa has a high solar irradiation resource by global standards, but few studies have been carried out to determine the potential for CSP. One such study was conducted in 2009, prior to any CSP plants having been built in South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • DCSP Newsletter 42018
    From: Annelie Pitz-paal [email protected] Subject: Fwd: DCSP Newsletter 4/2018 Date: 11. June 2019 at 14:26 To: Sabrina Braemer [email protected] Gesendet mit der WEB.DE Mail App Anfang der weitergeleiteten E-Mail Von: "Deutsche CSP - Newsletter" Datum: 3. Dezember 2018 um 11:57 An: [email protected] Betreff: DCSP Newsletter 4/2018 Newsletter Ihre Newsletter-Registrierung: Sind Sie weiter interessiert? Wir freuen uns, dass Sie bisher unsere Newsletter erhalten wollen. Aufgrund der neuen Datenschutzverordnung müssen wir Sie bitten, uns kurz zu bestätigen, dass Sie den Newsletter auch weiterhin beziehen möchten. Klicken Sie dazu einfach auf den folgenden Button. Herzlichen Dank! Ja, Ich will den Newsletter weiterhin beziehen Guten Tag, sehr geehrte Damen und Herren, im Folgenden übersenden wir Ihnen eine Übersicht mit aktuellen Branchen-News. Mit freundlichen Grüßen Ihr Vorstand des Deutschen Industrieverband Concentrated Solar Power. International News Project overview of CGN Solar Delingha 50MW parabolic trough CSP plant The CGN Solar Delingha 50MW parabolic trough CSP plant is one of China’s first batch of demonstration CSP projects and one of China’s first batch of demonstration CSP projects and leads the construction progress. The project has a total investment of 1.938 billion yuan and is equipped with 9 hours of molten salt heat storage. Once completed, CGN Solar Delingha 50MW parabolic trough CSP plant will be the first commercial parabolic trough project and the first operational demonstation CSP project in China. (cspplaza, 07.08.2018) Mehr Ten "CSP+" Power Station Development Modes In view of the fact that CSP still faces the problems of high investment cost and high cost of electricity, the development mode of “CSP+” seems a good choice for building new plants.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Bokpoort CSP Plant in South Africa
    Dispatchable Solar Energy 24/7 – The Case of Bokpoort CSP plant in South Africa Nandu Bhula Deputy Managing Director (Southern Africa) At A Glance We develop power and desalination water plants In over a decade we have become the second largest power & water developer in the GCC region, and a name to contend with internationally. We have achieved this by developing, investing in and operating a world-class 2004 portfolio... Saudi Arabia 58 37.7+ 5.8 Assets* GW Power* Mm3 per day Desalinated Water* 2008 – 2010 Oman 12 $59+ bn 21.5% Jordan Countries USD of Assets Portfolio in Renewable Under Energy based on Management** Share of project cost 2012 – 2014 3,500+ 30+ ~60% Morocco Employees Nationalities Local South Africa Employment Turkey in projects * Figures inclusive of advanced development projects ** There is another $10.5 bn of projects in advanced development DEVELOP INVEST OPERATE 2015 – UAE We win bids as lead developer, While taking significant, We operate and maintain our by partnering with the best and long-term stakes in all our plants plants to the highest global Egypt focusing on cost leadership. standards Vietnam 15/12/2020 CSP – Status across the Globe •CSP technology implemented in 23 countries 30 000 across the globe 25 000 20 000 •Over 6,000MW in operation 15 000 10 000 •Over 3,500MW in construction 5 000 - •Almost 25,000MW planned or in development Planned CSP Under Operational stages Projects Construction Source: https://solargis.com/maps-and-gis-data/overview/ 15/12/2020 ACWA Power CSP’s in MENA Region 150MW 950MW – (3 x 200MW CSP Trough, 1 x - Tower CSP+PV Hybrid 100MW CSP Tower & 250MW PV) 200MW - Trough 160MW - Trough 510MW – CSP Complex 15/12/2020 South African Renewable Energy IPP Program (REIPPP) • Started in 2011, the REIPPP is widely recognized as one of the most successful renewable energy procurement models in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy Choices and Their Water Requirements in South Africa
    Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 26(4): 80–92 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2014/v25i4a2241 Renewable energy choices and their water requirements in South Africa Debbie Sparks Amos Madhlopa Samantha Keen Mascha Moorlach Anthony Dane Pieter Krog Thuli Dlamini Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract tive of this study was to investigate and review South Africa is an arid country, where water supply renewable energy choices and water requirements is often obtained from a distant source. There is in South Africa. Data were acquired through a com- increasing pressure on the limited water resources bination of a desktop study and expert interviews. due to economic and population growth, with a Water withdrawal and consumption levels at a given concomitant increase in the energy requirement for stage of energy production were investigated. Most water production. This problem will be exacerbated of the data was collected from secondary sources. by the onset of climate change. Recently, there have Results show that there is limited data on all aspects been concerns about negative impacts arising from of water usage in the production chain of energy, the exploitation of energy resources. In particular, accounting in part for the significant variations in the burning of fossil fuels is significantly contributing the values of water intensity that are reported in the to climate change through the emission of carbon literature. It is vital to take into account all aspects of dioxide, a major greenhouse gas. In addition, fossil the energy life cycle to enable isolation of stages fuels are being depleted, and contributing to where significant amounts of water are used.
    [Show full text]
  • China's Involvement in South Africa's Wind and Solar PV Industries
    WORKING PAPER NO. 15 NOV 2017 China's involvement in South Africa's wind and solar PV industries Lucy Baker and Wei Shen sais-cari.org WORKING PAPER SERIES NO. 15 | NOVEMBER 2017: “China's involvement in South Africa's wind and solar PV industries” by Lucy Baker and Wei Shen TO CITE THIS PAPER: Baker, Lucy and Wei Shen. 2017. China's Involvement in South Africa's Wind and Solar PV Industries. Working Paper No. 2017/15. China-Africa Research Initiative, School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://www.sais-cari.org/publications. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Lucy Baker Email: [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: We gratefully acknowledge funding from the China Africa Research Initiative at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS- CARI), which enabled us to undertake the field research for this report. Further support for this research was provided by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for the Centre for Innovation and Energy Demand, Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex (grant number: EP/K011790/1), and Green Transformation Cluster, Institute of Development Studies. Thank you to all the research participants in China and South Africa who are not cited by name for reasons of confidentiality. Finally, thank you to colleagues at the Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town for all help and advice. NOTE: The papers in this Working Paper series have undergone only limited review and may be updated, corrected or withdrawn. Please contact the corresponding author directly with comments or questions about this paper.
    [Show full text]
  • South African Country Case Study
    Energy provision for the urban poor: South African country case study NOMAWETHU QASE WITH WENDY ANNECKE DRAFT FINAL REPORT January 1999 ENERGY & DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE University of Cape Town . Energy provision for the urban poor country case study: South Africa i ABBREVIATIONS DBSA – Development Bank of Southern Africa DFID – Department of International Development, UK FINESSE – Financing Energy Services for Small-Scale Energy Users IT – Intermediate Technology LNG – Lwandle Negotiating Group LPG – liquefied petroleum gas NER – National Electricity Regulator RDP – Reconstruction and Development Programme SADC – Southern African Development Community SALDRU – Southern African Labour and Development Research Unit SANCO – South African National Civics Organisation SWH – solar water heater SWH – solar water heater UNDP – United Nations Development Programme USAID – United States Agency for International Development VAT – value-added tax ENERGY & DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE. Energy provision for the urban poor country case study: South Africa ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Urban poverty is a severe and growing problem in South Africa. The rate of urbanisation is increasing and the new democratic government and local authorities are struggling with a lack of capacity and inadequate funds to address the historic backlog of housing and services, health and education for the 50% of the population who are poor and currently without these facilities. The liberalisation of the economy and opening up of the previously closed and protected markets has seen the number of unemployed increasing while the population continues to grow. South Africa has a relatively strong industrial base and has Eskom, the world’s fifth largest electricity utility. Eskom generates electricity largely from the country’s substantial coal reserves.
    [Show full text]
  • SUSTAINABLE MINING P44 World’S Largest Hydrogen Truck on Track
    ATR Feb 2021 Cover_Layout 1 28/01/2021 12:22 Page 1 www.africanreview.com Europe €10, Ghana C1.8, Kenya Ksh200, Nigeria N330, South Africa R25, UK £7, USA $12 FINANCE POWER CONSTRUCTION MINING Increased investments in Zambia Desalination plants and pump Roll-out of Volvo’s 10-tonne Hybrid power solutions needed for SDGs by 2030 P18 units powered by PV systems P24 asphalt compactors P30 changing the industry P38 FEBRUARY 2021 African Review of Business and Technology African Review SUSTAINABLE MINING P44 World’s largest hydrogen truck on track February 2021 February AFCFTA P19 Opportunity or curse for Africa? Volume 57 Number 01 Volume P16 www.africanreview.com “The continent only needs to cultivate a cluster of real catalytic investors to YEARS mount a resilient mining investment 58 Covid-19 response.” SERVING BUSINESS IN Hubert Danso, CEO of Africa investor (Ai) AFRICA SINCE 1964 S01 ATR Feb 2021 Start_ATR - New Master Template 2016 25/01/2021 15:50 Page 2 S01 ATR Feb 2021 Start_ATR - New Master Template 2016 28/01/2021 12:34 Page 3 Editor’s Note elcome to our February issue of African Review. In our cover story, we caught up with Anglo WAmerican and its plans on developing the world’s largest hydrogen mining haul truck as part of efforts to reduce the company’s carbon footprint, (page 44). Our economist, Moin Siddiqi, provides a comprehensive overview of the African Continental Free Trade Area, (AfCFTA) agreement, which came into being last month, and its implications in transforming Africa’s intra-regional trade capabilities.
    [Show full text]