The Developing Energy Landscape in South Africa: Technical Report
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Solar Powering Africa Markets, Fi Nance, Technology
APRIL 2017 Platinum sponsor SPECIAL REPORT Solar powering Africa Markets, fi nance, technology Large Off grid Finance Logistics scale Solar’s growing Bridging the Planning, building role beyond investment gap in and operating Africa’s the grid commercial and successful PV utility solar industrial solar projects in Africa hotspots Solar Powering Africa Introduction Published by Solar Media Ltd. 3rd Floor, America House, This PV Tech Power special report is a unique industry as it seeks new opportunities in the region, and which 2 America Square, resource exploring the trends shaping the fortunes of are explored in depth in this report. London, EC3N 2LU, UK Tel: +44 (0) 207 871 0122 PV in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region that harbours some On p.8 we look at the progress made in the large- www.pv-tech.org of the world’s most promising emerging solar markets. scale segment and why West Africa is emerging as a Editorial Since we fi rst published the report last year, the region particular hotspot for utility solar projects. On p.12 we Head of content: has notched up a number of signifi cant milestones, look at the commercial and industrial sector, with a John Parnell including the completion of new utility-scale plants in particular focus on the new business models emerging Supplement editor: Ben Willis Senegal and Uganda, a price-busting auction in Zambia to support it. Off -grid and mini-grid applications come Reporters: and the signing of a bundle of signifi cant PPAs. under the microscope on pages 15 and 18, and on p.22 Tom Kenning, Danielle Ola There has been progress too in the commercial and we explore some of the innovative solutions being Design & production industrial space, with Kenya seeing its largest indus- developed to aid the planning, building and operating Design and production manager: trial PV hybrid plant reach completion. -
Prospects for Investment in Large-Scale, Grid-Connected Solar Power in Africa
Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Oct 06, 2021 Prospects for investment in large-scale, grid-connected solar power in Africa Hansen, Ulrich Elmer; Nygaard, Ivan; Pedersen, Mathilde Brix Publication date: 2014 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Hansen, U. E., Nygaard, I., & Pedersen, M. B. (2014). Prospects for investment in large-scale, grid-connected solar power in Africa. UNEP Risø Centre, Technical University of Denmark. General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Prospects for investment in large-scale, grid-connected solar power in Africa Lang, M. & Mutschler, U., 2013. German Feed-in Tariffs of the Solar Energy Markets in Kenya and Tanzania, 2013. Available at: http://www.germanenergyblog. Working paper. University of Hamburg. de/?page_id=14068. Parnell, J., 2013. Ugandan government signs deal for Lemaire, X., 2011. Off-grid electrification with solar 500MW of solar power. -
Renewable Energy Choices and Their Water Requirements in South Africa
Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 26(4): 80–92 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2014/v25i4a2241 Renewable energy choices and their water requirements in South Africa Debbie Sparks Amos Madhlopa Samantha Keen Mascha Moorlach Anthony Dane Pieter Krog Thuli Dlamini Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract tive of this study was to investigate and review South Africa is an arid country, where water supply renewable energy choices and water requirements is often obtained from a distant source. There is in South Africa. Data were acquired through a com- increasing pressure on the limited water resources bination of a desktop study and expert interviews. due to economic and population growth, with a Water withdrawal and consumption levels at a given concomitant increase in the energy requirement for stage of energy production were investigated. Most water production. This problem will be exacerbated of the data was collected from secondary sources. by the onset of climate change. Recently, there have Results show that there is limited data on all aspects been concerns about negative impacts arising from of water usage in the production chain of energy, the exploitation of energy resources. In particular, accounting in part for the significant variations in the burning of fossil fuels is significantly contributing the values of water intensity that are reported in the to climate change through the emission of carbon literature. It is vital to take into account all aspects of dioxide, a major greenhouse gas. In addition, fossil the energy life cycle to enable isolation of stages fuels are being depleted, and contributing to where significant amounts of water are used. -
China's Involvement in South Africa's Wind and Solar PV Industries
WORKING PAPER NO. 15 NOV 2017 China's involvement in South Africa's wind and solar PV industries Lucy Baker and Wei Shen sais-cari.org WORKING PAPER SERIES NO. 15 | NOVEMBER 2017: “China's involvement in South Africa's wind and solar PV industries” by Lucy Baker and Wei Shen TO CITE THIS PAPER: Baker, Lucy and Wei Shen. 2017. China's Involvement in South Africa's Wind and Solar PV Industries. Working Paper No. 2017/15. China-Africa Research Initiative, School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://www.sais-cari.org/publications. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Lucy Baker Email: [email protected] ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: We gratefully acknowledge funding from the China Africa Research Initiative at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS- CARI), which enabled us to undertake the field research for this report. Further support for this research was provided by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council for the Centre for Innovation and Energy Demand, Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex (grant number: EP/K011790/1), and Green Transformation Cluster, Institute of Development Studies. Thank you to all the research participants in China and South Africa who are not cited by name for reasons of confidentiality. Finally, thank you to colleagues at the Energy Research Centre, University of Cape Town for all help and advice. NOTE: The papers in this Working Paper series have undergone only limited review and may be updated, corrected or withdrawn. Please contact the corresponding author directly with comments or questions about this paper. -
South African Country Case Study
Energy provision for the urban poor: South African country case study NOMAWETHU QASE WITH WENDY ANNECKE DRAFT FINAL REPORT January 1999 ENERGY & DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE University of Cape Town . Energy provision for the urban poor country case study: South Africa i ABBREVIATIONS DBSA – Development Bank of Southern Africa DFID – Department of International Development, UK FINESSE – Financing Energy Services for Small-Scale Energy Users IT – Intermediate Technology LNG – Lwandle Negotiating Group LPG – liquefied petroleum gas NER – National Electricity Regulator RDP – Reconstruction and Development Programme SADC – Southern African Development Community SALDRU – Southern African Labour and Development Research Unit SANCO – South African National Civics Organisation SWH – solar water heater SWH – solar water heater UNDP – United Nations Development Programme USAID – United States Agency for International Development VAT – value-added tax ENERGY & DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE. Energy provision for the urban poor country case study: South Africa ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Urban poverty is a severe and growing problem in South Africa. The rate of urbanisation is increasing and the new democratic government and local authorities are struggling with a lack of capacity and inadequate funds to address the historic backlog of housing and services, health and education for the 50% of the population who are poor and currently without these facilities. The liberalisation of the economy and opening up of the previously closed and protected markets has seen the number of unemployed increasing while the population continues to grow. South Africa has a relatively strong industrial base and has Eskom, the world’s fifth largest electricity utility. Eskom generates electricity largely from the country’s substantial coal reserves. -
Impofu East Wind Farm Red Cap Impofu East (Pty) Ltd
Impofu East Wind Farm Red Cap Impofu East (Pty) Ltd Avifaunal scoping study September 2018 REPORT REVIEW & TRACKING Document title Impofu East Wind Farm- Avifaunal Scoping study Client name Kim White Aurecon Status Draft report-for client Issue date September 2018 Lead author Jon Smallie – SACNASP 400020/06 Internal review Luke Strugnell – SACNASP 400181/09 WildSkies Ecological Services (Pty) Ltd 36 Utrecht Avenue, East London, 5241 Jon Smallie E: [email protected] C: 082 444 8919 F: 086 615 5654 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Red Cap Energy (Pty) Ltd successfully developed the 80 MW Kouga Wind Farm and the 111 MW Gibson Bay Wind Farm in the Kouga Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. This area lies on a section of coastal plain in close proximity to the ocean on either side which results in excellent wind conditions and low levels of turbulence, making it ideal for wind farm development. Red Cap has now signed option agreements on approximately 15 500 ha of new undeveloped private farmland, known as the “Impofu Wind Farms” Project. The 3 wind farms will ultimately consist of up to a maximum total of 120 turbines and associated infrastructure and will connect to the grid close to Port Elizabeth. The Impofu East Wind Farm, the subject of this report, consists of up to 41 turbines. We have conducted an initial assessment of the site, a screening assessment and a full (four seasons) pre-construction bird monitoring programme on site. The most important of our findings are as follows: We make the following conclusions regarding the avifaunal community and potential impacts of the Impofu East Wind Farm: » We classified nine species as top most priority for this assessment: Denham’s Bustard, White- bellied Korhaan, Blue Crane, Black Harrier, African Marsh-Harrier, Martial Eagle, African Fish- Eagle, Jackal Buzzard and White Stork. -
Building Bridges
BUILDING BRIDGES SUMMARY REPORT An Initiative by BUILDING BRIDGES SUMMARY REPORT SOLAR ENERGY FOR SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM 19/20 MAY 2011 DESY HAMBURG www.solar4science.de 4 5 INDEX Executive Summary ...................................................................................... 5 Preface .......................................................................................................... 6 Editorial ......................................................................................................... 8 Reports on Sessions: Opening Session ......................................................................................... 10 Government Panel ...................................................................................... 16 Renewable Energy, Climate Change and Societal Challenges .................... 24 Science, Sustainability and Global Responsibility ........................................ 32 Solar Energy Projects in Europe and MENA ................................................. 40 Bridging Solar Energy from MENA to Europe ............................................... 50 Solar Energy Projects around the World ...................................................... 58 Academic/Educational Projects in MENA..................................................... 64 Scientific Projects in MENA ......................................................................... 70 Round Table Discussion .............................................................................. 78 Conclusions ................................................................................................ -
Concentrated Solar Power in Africa
CONCENTRATING SOLAR POWER IN AFRICA April 2009 Meeting convened by: Report prepared by: Dr Yusaf Samiullah, Deputy DirectorIT &Power Head of Profession, Infrastructure Policy & Researchfor Division DFID The TI-UP Resource Centre in association with: TI-U April 2009 Concentrating Solar Power TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Project Brief .................................................................................................... 1 2 Key technologies ............................................................................................. 1 2.1 Concentrating Photovoltaics ................................................................... 1 2.2 Solar Parabolic Trough Collector ............................................................. 2 2.3 Linear Fresnel Collector ......................................................................... 5 2.4 Solar Power Tower ................................................................................ 6 2.5 Dish Stirling .......................................................................................... 8 2.6 Updraft Tower ...................................................................................... 9 2.7 Integration into Conventional Power Plants ............................................. 10 2.8 Heat Storage ........................................................................................ 10 3 Current and Planned Installations ..................................................................... 14 3.1 Operational ......................................................................................... -
South African Energy Sector Report 2019
THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT 2019 THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT DIRECTORATE: ENERGY DATA COLLECTION, MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS i THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT 2019 DISCLAIMER WHEREAS THE GREATEST CARE HAS BEEN TAKEN IN THE COMPILATION OF THIS PUBLICATION, THE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY RELIES ON DATA PROVIDED BY VARIOUS SOURCES AND DOES NOT HOLD ITSELF RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY ERRORS OR OMISSIONS EMANATING AS A CONSEQUENCE OF PROVISION OF INACCURATE, INCORRECT OR INCOMPLETE DATA FROM SUCH SOURCES. ii THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT 2019 THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT DIRECTORATE: ENERGY DATA COLLECTION, MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS Compiled by: Ms Keneilwe Ratshomo Email: [email protected] and Mr Ramaano Nembahe Email: [email protected] Published by: Department of Energy Private Bag X96 Pretoria 0001 Tel: (012) 406 7540 192 Visagie Street, Cnr. Paul Kruger & Visagie Street, Pretoria, 0001 Website: http://www.energy.gov.za iii THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT 2019 DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Director-General Mr. T. Zulu ENERGY POLICY AND PLANNING BRANCH Deputy Director-General Mr. O. Aphane ENERGY PLANNING CHIEF DIRECTORATE Chief Director: Mr. T. Audat ENERGY DATA COLLECTION, MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS DIRECTORATE Director Ms. V. Olifant PUBLISHED IN 2019 ISBN: 978-1-920435-17-2 COPYRIGHT RESERVED iv THE SOUTH AFRICAN ENERGY SECTOR REPORT 2019 Contents Pages Foreword 1 Introduction 2 List of Abbreviations 3 Key Energy Policies and Legislations 4 1. ENERGY SUPPLY 8 1.1 Crude oil and Petroleum Products 8 1.2 Natural gas 14 1.3 Electricity 15 1.4 Coal 18 1.5 Renewables 19 1.6 Nuclear 22 2. -
Solar Energy in Sub-Saharan Africa: the Challenges and Opportunities of Technological Leapfrogging
Munich Personal RePEc Archive Solar energy in sub-Saharan Africa: The challenges and opportunities of technological leapfrogging Amankwah-Amoah, Joseph 2015 Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/88627/ MPRA Paper No. 88627, posted 25 Aug 2018 17:28 UTC Solar energy in sub-Saharan Africa: The challenges and opportunities of technological leapfrogging Joseph Amankwah-Amoah Bristol University School of Economics, Finance & Management, Social Sciences Complex 8 Woodland Road, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 1TN E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 0044 (0) 117 3317936 Cite as: Amankwah Amoah, J. (2015). Solar energy in sub Saharan Africa: The challenges and opportunities of technological leapfrogging. Thunderbird International Business Review, 57(1), ‐ ‐ 15-31. A brief BIOsketch Joseph Amankwah-Amoah is an Assistant Professor (Lecturer) in Management at Bristol University. He holds a Ph.D from the University of Wales, Swansea. His research interests include organizational failure, global business strategy, lateral hiring, liberalization, and the airline and solar PV industries. His research papers have appeared in journals such as the Group & Organization Management, Business History, International Journal of HRM and TIBR. 1 Abstract For decades, Africa was generally perceived as the dumping ground for obsolete technologies. In recent years, technological leapfrogging which is associated with the newly industrialised economies in Asia has transpired in some key industries. In this article, we present the solar photovoltaic industry as one such industry and an integrated model of scaling up solar technologies. We identified five unique models aimed at scaling up solar energy in Africa: state-led, NGOs and other agencies-led, emerging market multinational enterprises-led, Avon and pay-as-you-go models. -
South Africa
Language: English Original: English Ref No: P-ZA-F000-002 ESKOM RENEWABLE ENERGY INVESTMENT PROJECT South Africa ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT SUMMARY Energy, Environment and Climate Change Department July 2010 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRDUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 3 2. PROJECT DESCRPTION AND JUSTFICATION................................................................... 4 2.2 PROJECT COMPONENTS ............................................................................................. 4 3. POLICY LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ................................................ 6 3.2 NATIONAL LAWS INCLUDE: ......................................................................................... 6 4. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ENVIRONMENT ........................................................... 8 4.4.5 Social Environment .............................................................................................................. 13 5.1 No Project Alternative .................................................................................................... 13 5.2 Technology alternatives .................................................................................................... 14 6. POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES .................. 15 7. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD MANAGEMENT ................................................................ 21 8. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (ESMP) -
State of Environment Outlook Report for the Western Cape Province. Energy, February 2018
State of Environment Outlook Report for the Western Cape Province Energy February 2018 i State of Environment Outlook Report for the Western Cape Province DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Document Title and Version: Final Energy Chapter Client: Western Cape Department of Environmental Affairs & Development Planning Project Name: State of Environment Outlook Report for the Western Cape Province 2014 - 2017 SRK Reference Number: 507350 SRK Authors: Jessica du Toit & Sharon Jones SRK GIS Team : Masi Fubesi and Keagan Allan SRK Review: Christopher Dalgliesh DEA&DP Project Team: Karen Shippey, Ronald Mukanya and Francini van Staden Acknowledgements: Department of Energy: Ramaano Nembahe Department of Public Works: Michelle Britton Western Cape Government Environmental Affairs & Development Planning: Lize Jennings-Boom, Frances van der Merwe Western Cape Government Economic Development and Tourism: Ajay Trikam, Helen Davies City of Cape Town Hilary Price, Lizanda van Rensburg, Sarah Ward Other Bryce McCall (UCT), Fadiel Ahjum (UCT), Bruce Raw (GreenCape), Jonathan Aronson (SA Bat Assessment Advisory Panel), Luanita Snyman-van der Walt (CSIR), Mike Young (Private) Photo Credits: Page 3 – The Maneater Page 17 – Carbontax.org Page 5 – Green Business Guide Page 29 – Certified Building Systems Page 10 – PetroSA Page 36 – Novaa Solar Page 12 – Eskom Page 37 – Homeselfe Page 15 – SA Venues Page 38 – Baker Street Blog Date: February 2018 State of Environment Outlook Report for the Western Cape Province i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION __________________________________________________________________________