Association Between Functional Connectivity Hubs and Brain Networks
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Brain Sulci and Gyri: a Practical Anatomical Review
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 21 (2014) 2219–2225 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Clinical Neuroscience journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jocn Neuroanatomical study Brain sulci and gyri: A practical anatomical review ⇑ Alvaro Campero a,b, , Pablo Ajler c, Juan Emmerich d, Ezequiel Goldschmidt c, Carolina Martins b, Albert Rhoton b a Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospital Padilla, Tucumán, Argentina b Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA c Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina d Department of Anatomy, Universidad de la Plata, La Plata, Argentina article info abstract Article history: Despite technological advances, such as intraoperative MRI, intraoperative sensory and motor monitor- Received 26 December 2013 ing, and awake brain surgery, brain anatomy and its relationship with cranial landmarks still remains Accepted 23 February 2014 the basis of neurosurgery. Our objective is to describe the utility of anatomical knowledge of brain sulci and gyri in neurosurgery. This study was performed on 10 human adult cadaveric heads fixed in formalin and injected with colored silicone rubber. Additionally, using procedures done by the authors between Keywords: June 2006 and June 2011, we describe anatomical knowledge of brain sulci and gyri used to manage brain Anatomy lesions. Knowledge of the brain sulci and gyri can be used (a) to localize the craniotomy procedure, (b) to Brain recognize eloquent areas of the brain, and (c) to identify any given sulcus for access to deep areas of the Gyri Sulci brain. Despite technological advances, anatomical knowledge of brain sulci and gyri remains essential to Surgery perform brain surgery safely and effectively. -
Cuneus and Fusiform Cortices Thickness Is Reduced in Trigeminal
Parise et al. The Journal of Headache and Pain 2014, 15:17 http://www.thejournalofheadacheandpain.com/content/15/1/17 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Cuneus and fusiform cortices thickness is reduced in trigeminal neuralgia Maud Parise1,2*, Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo1, Thomas Martin Doring1, Gustavo Tukamoto1, Maurice Vincent1,3 and Emerson Leandro Gasparetto1 Abstract Background: Chronic pain disorders are presumed to induce changes in brain grey and white matters. Few studies have focused CNS alterations in trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Methods: The aim of this study was to explore changes in white matter microstructure in TN subjects using diffusion tensor images (DTI) with tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS); and cortical thickness changes with surface based morphometry. Twenty-four patients with classical TN (37-67 y-o) and 24 healthy controls, matched for age and sex, were included in the study. Results: Comparing patients with controls, no diffusivity abnormalities of brain white matter were detected. However, a significant reduction in cortical thickness was observed at the left cuneus and left fusiform cortex in the patients group. The thickness of the fusiform cortex correlated negatively with the carbamazepine dose (p = 0.023). Conclusions: Since the cuneus and the fusiform gyrus have been related to the multisensory integration area and cognitive processing, as well as the retrieval of shock perception conveyed by Aδ fibers, our results support the role of these areas in TN pathogenesis. Whether such changes occurs as an epiphenomenon secondary to daily stimulation or represent a structural predisposition to TN in the light of peripheral vascular compression is a matter of future studies. -
Toward a Common Terminology for the Gyri and Sulci of the Human Cerebral Cortex Hans Ten Donkelaar, Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer, Jürgen Mai
Toward a Common Terminology for the Gyri and Sulci of the Human Cerebral Cortex Hans ten Donkelaar, Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer, Jürgen Mai To cite this version: Hans ten Donkelaar, Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer, Jürgen Mai. Toward a Common Terminology for the Gyri and Sulci of the Human Cerebral Cortex. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, Frontiers, 2018, 12, pp.93. 10.3389/fnana.2018.00093. hal-01929541 HAL Id: hal-01929541 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01929541 Submitted on 21 Nov 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. REVIEW published: 19 November 2018 doi: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00093 Toward a Common Terminology for the Gyri and Sulci of the Human Cerebral Cortex Hans J. ten Donkelaar 1*†, Nathalie Tzourio-Mazoyer 2† and Jürgen K. Mai 3† 1 Department of Neurology, Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands, 2 IMN Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France, 3 Institute for Anatomy, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany The gyri and sulci of the human brain were defined by pioneers such as Louis-Pierre Gratiolet and Alexander Ecker, and extensified by, among others, Dejerine (1895) and von Economo and Koskinas (1925). -
Introduction and Methods the Field of Neuroesthetics Is a Recent Marriage
Introduction and Methods The field of neuroesthetics is a recent marriage of the realms of neuroscience and art. The objective of neuroesthetics is to comprehend the perception and subjective experience of art in terms of their neural substrates. In this study, we examined the effect of a number of original pieces of art on the brain of the artist herself and on that of a novice as she experienced the artwork for the first time. This allowed us to compare neural responses not only amongst different visual conditions but also between an expert (i.e. the artist) and a novice. Lia Cook lent her artwork to be used in this study. The pieces, which she believes to have an innate emotional quality, are cotton and rayon textiles. All of the pieces are portraits with a somewhat abstract, pixelated appearance imparted by the medium. In order to better understand the neural effects of the woven facial images, we used several types of control images. These included (i) scrambled woven pieces, or textiles that were controlled for color, contrast, and size but contained no distinct facial forms; and (ii) photographs, which were all photographs of human faces but were printed on heavy paper and lacked the texture and unique visual appearance of the textiles. All of the pieces are 12.5 in. x 18 in. The expert and novice were each scanned with functional MRI while they viewed and touched the tapestries and photographs. The subjects completed 100 trials divided across two functional scans. Each trial lasted a total of 12 s, with jittered intervals of 4 s to 6 s between trials. -
01 05 Lateral Surface of the Brain-NOTES.Pdf
Lateral Surface of the Brain Medical Neuroscience | Tutorial Notes Lateral Surface of the Brain 1 MAP TO NEUROSCIENCE CORE CONCEPTS NCC1. The brain is the body's most complex organ. LEARNING OBJECTIVES After study of the assigned learning materials, the student will: 1. Demonstrate the four paired lobes of the cerebral cortex and describe the boundaries of each. 2. Sketch the major features of each cerebral lobe, as seen from the lateral view, identifying major gyri and sulci that characterize each lobe. NARRATIVE by Leonard E. WHITE and Nell B. CANT Duke Institute for Brain Sciences Department of Neurobiology Duke University School of Medicine Overview When you view the lateral aspect of a human brain specimen (see Figures A3A and A102), three structures are usually visible: the cerebral hemispheres, the cerebellum, and part of the brainstem (although the brainstem is not visible in the specimen photographed in lateral view for Fig. 1 below). The spinal cord has usually been severed (but we’ll consider the spinal cord later), and the rest of the subdivisions are hidden from lateral view by the hemispheres. The diencephalon and the rest of the brainstem are visible on the medial surface of a brain that has been cut in the midsagittal plane. Parts of all of the subdivisions are also visible from the ventral surface of the whole brain. Over the next several tutorials, you will find video demonstrations (from the brain anatomy lab) and photographs (in the tutorial notes) of these brain surfaces, and sufficient detail in the narrative to appreciate the overall organization of the parts of the brain that are visible from each perspective. -
Gliomas of the Cingulate Gyrus: Surgical Management and Functional Outcome
Neurosurg Focus 27 (2):E9, 2009 Gliomas of the cingulate gyrus: surgical management and functional outcome MAREC VON LEHE , M.D., AN D JOHANNES SCHRA mm , M.D. Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinik Bonn, Germany Object. In this paper, the authors’ goal was to summarize their experience with the surgical treatment of gliomas arising from the cingulate gyrus. Methods. The authors analyzed preoperative data, surgical strategies, complications, and functional outcome in a series of 34 patients (mean age 42 years, range 12–69 years; 14 females) who underwent 38 operations between May 2001 and November 2008. Results. In 7 cases (18%) the tumor was located in the posterior (parietal) part of the cingulate gyrus, and in 31 (82%) the tumor was in the anterior (frontal) part. In 10 cases (26%) the glioma was solely located in the cingulate gyrus, and in 28 cases (74%) the tumor extended to the supracingular frontal/parietal cortex. Most cases (23 [61%]) had seizures as the presenting symptom, 8 patients (24%) suffered from a hemiparesis/hemihypesthesia, and 4 pa- tients (12%) had aphasic symptoms. The authors chose an interhemispheric approach for tumor resection in 11 (29%) and a transcortical approach in 27 (71%) cases; intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring was applied in 23 (61%) and neuronavigation in 15 (39%) cases. A > 90% resection was achieved in 32 (84%) and > 70% in another 5 (13%) cases. Tumors were classified as low-grade gliomas in 11 cases (29%). A glioblastoma multiforme (WHO Grade IV, 10 cases [26%]) and oligoastrocytoma (WHO Grade III, 9 cases [24%]) were the most frequent histopathological results. -
Neural Correlates Underlying Change in State Self-Esteem Hiroaki Kawamichi 1,2,3, Sho K
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Neural correlates underlying change in state self-esteem Hiroaki Kawamichi 1,2,3, Sho K. Sugawara2,4,5, Yuki H. Hamano2,5,6, Ryo Kitada 2,7, Eri Nakagawa2, Takanori Kochiyama8 & Norihiro Sadato 2,5 Received: 21 July 2017 State self-esteem, the momentary feeling of self-worth, functions as a sociometer involved in Accepted: 11 January 2018 maintenance of interpersonal relations. How others’ appraisal is subjectively interpreted to change Published: xx xx xxxx state self-esteem is unknown, and the neural underpinnings of this process remain to be elucidated. We hypothesized that changes in state self-esteem are represented by the mentalizing network, which is modulated by interactions with regions involved in the subjective interpretation of others’ appraisal. To test this hypothesis, we conducted task-based and resting-state fMRI. Participants were repeatedly presented with their reputations, and then rated their pleasantness and reported their state self- esteem. To evaluate the individual sensitivity of the change in state self-esteem based on pleasantness (i.e., the subjective interpretation of reputation), we calculated evaluation sensitivity as the rate of change in state self-esteem per unit pleasantness. Evaluation sensitivity varied across participants, and was positively correlated with precuneus activity evoked by reputation rating. Resting-state fMRI revealed that evaluation sensitivity was positively correlated with functional connectivity of the precuneus with areas activated by negative reputation, but negatively correlated with areas activated by positive reputation. Thus, the precuneus, as the part of the mentalizing system, serves as a gateway for translating the subjective interpretation of reputation into state self-esteem. -
Neuroaesthetics of Art Vision: an Experimental Approach to the Sense of Beauty
Cl n l of i ica a l T rn r u ia o l s J ISSN: 2167-0870 Journal of Clinical Trials Research Article Neuroaesthetics of Art Vision: An Experimental Approach to the Sense of Beauty Maddalena Coccagna1, PietroAvanzini2, Mariagrazia Portera4, Giovanni Vecchiato2, Maddalena Fabbri Destro2, AlessandroVittorio Sironi3,9, Fabrizio Salvi8, Andrea Gatti5, Filippo Domenicali5, Raffaella Folgieri3,6, Annalisa Banzi3, Caselli Elisabetta1, Luca Lanzoni1, Volta Antonella1, Matteo Bisi1, Silvia Cesari1, Arianna Vivarelli1, Giorgio Balboni Pier1, Giuseppe Santangelo Camillo1, Giovanni Sassu7, Sante Mazzacane1* 1Department of CIAS Interdepartmental Research Center, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy;2Department of CNR Neuroscience Institute, Parma, Italy;3Department of CESPEB Neuroaesthetics Laboratory, University Bicocca, Milan, Italy;4Department of Letters and Philosophy, University of Florence, Italy;5Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy;6Department of Philosophy Piero Martinetti, University La Statale, Milan, Italy;7Department of Musei Arte Antica, Ferrara, Italy;8Department of Neurological Sciences, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy;9Department of Centre of the history of Biomedical Thought, University Bicocca, Milan, Italy ABSTRACT Objective: NEVArt research aims to study the correlation between a set of neurophysiological/emotional reactions and the level of aesthetic appreciation of around 500 experimental subjects, during the observation of 18 different paintings from the XVI-XVIII century, in a real museum context. Methods: Several bio-signals have been recorded to evaluate the participants’ reactions during the observation of paintings. Among them: (a) neurovegetative, motor and emotional biosignals were recorded using wearable tools for EEG (electroencephalogram), ECG (electrocardiogram) and EDA (electrodermal activity); (b) gaze pattern during the observation of art works, while (c) data of the participants (age, gender, education, familiarity with art, etc.) and their explicit judgments about paintings have been obtained. -
A Common Network of Functional Areas for Attention and Eye Movements
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Neuron, Vol. 21, 761±773, October, 1998, Copyright 1998 by Cell Press A Common Network of Functional Areas for Attention and Eye Movements Maurizio Corbetta,*²³§ Erbil Akbudak,² Stelmach, 1997, for a different view). One theory has Thomas E. Conturo,² Abraham Z. Snyder,² proposed that attentional shifts involve covert oculomo- John M. Ollinger,² Heather A. Drury,³ tor preparation (Rizzolatti et al., 1987). Overall, the psy- Martin R. Linenweber,* Steven E. Petersen,*²³ chological evidence indicates that attention and eye Marcus E. Raichle,²³ David C. Van Essen,³ movements are functionally related, but it remains un- and Gordon L. Shulman* clear to what extent these two sets of processes share *Department of Neurology neural systems and underlying computations. ² Department of Radiology At the neural level, single unit studies in awake behav- ³ Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology ing monkeys have demonstrated that attentional and and the McDonnell Center for Higher Brain Functions oculomotor signals coexist. In many cortical and sub- Washington University School of Medicine cortical regions in which oculomotor (e.g., presaccadic/ St. Louis, Missouri 63110 saccadic) activity has been recorded during visually guided saccadic eye movements, i.e., frontal eye field (FEF, e.g., Bizzi, 1968; Bruce and Goldberg, 1985), sup- Summary plementary eye field (SEF, e.g., Schlag and Schlag-Rey, 1987), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex -
1 Neuroaesthetics
Art and brain coevolution Camilo J. Cela-Conde1 [email protected] Francisco J. Ayala CLASSY (Center for the Scientific Study of Creativity: Literature, Arts and Science), School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States 1Corresponding author: Abstract The competence for appreciating beauty appears to be a human universal trait. This fact points out to a phylogenetically derived capacity that, somehow, evolved by means of natural selection. To detail how this evolutionary process took place is difficult to determine, because appreciating beauty is an elusive capacity, impossible to be detected in the fossil record. However, efforts have been made to understand the main characteristics of such competence, particularly by means of the advances of neuroaesthetics. Here, we examine some of the results obtained in experimental research to identify neural correlations of the appreciation of beauty, as well as archaeological and paleoanthropological proofs of the relationship existing between production of artistic objects and evolution of the human brain. Keywords: Coevolution; Neuroaesthetics; Beauty; Artistic objects; Human brain; Neural correlates The capacity for appreciating aesthetic qualities in objects, movements, and sounds seems to be a human universal; all human groups have such competence. The capacity for producing aesthetic items is also universal: painters, dancers, and musicians are not restricted to any culture or historical epoch. However, appreciating aesthetic attributes—what we may call “beauty”—goes beyond producing them in at least two aspects. First, “artists” (producers) make up a small fraction of human groups; on the contrary, “spectators” are numerous. Second, it is possible to appreciate aesthetic qualities in natural objects and events, such as sunsets on a beach, whales’ songs, or flights of birds. -
How Cells Fold the Cerebral Cortex
776 • The Journal of Neuroscience, January 24, 2018 • 38(4):776–783 Dual Perspectives Dual Perspectives Companion Paper: How Forces Fold the Cerebral Cortex, by Christopher D. Kroenke and Philip V. Bayly How Cells Fold the Cerebral Cortex Víctor Borrell Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Herna´ndez, Sant Joan d’Alacant 03550, Spain Foldingofthecerebralcortexisashighlyintriguingaspoorlyunderstood.Atfirstsight,thismayappearassimpletissuecrumplinginside an excessively small cranium, but the process is clearly much more complex and developmentally predetermined. Whereas theoretical modeling supports a critical role for biomechanics, experimental evidence demonstrates the fundamental role of specific progenitor cell types, cellular processes, and genetic programs on cortical folding. Key words: basal Radial Glia; ferret; neurogenesis; OSVZ; Pax6; primate Introduction impact in defining the prospective patterns of cortical folding. In One of the most characteristic features of the human brain is its order for me to review the cellular mechanisms responsible for external folded appearance, due to the 3D arrangement of the cortical folding, I will first begin by defining what is cortical fold- cerebral cortex mantle forming outward folds and inward fis- ing, and what is not. sures. Folding patterns vary significantly between species, while being stereotyped within species. Developmental mechanisms re- Cortical folding sponsible for cortical folding are an intriguing and elusive ques- -
The Depth Asymmetry of Superior Temporal Sulcus
New human-specific brain landmark: The depth asymmetry of superior temporal sulcus François Leroya,1, Qing Caib, Stephanie L. Bogartc, Jessica Duboisa, Olivier Coulond, Karla Monzalvoa, Clara Fischere, Hervé Glasela, Lise Van der Haegenf, Audrey Bénézita, Ching-Po Ling, David N. Kennedyh, Aya S. Iharai, Lucie Hertz-Pannierj, Marie-Laure Moutardk, Cyril Pouponl, Marc Brysbaerte, Neil Robertsm, William D. Hopkinsc, Jean-François Mangine, and Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertza aCognitive Neuroimaging Unit, U992, eAnalysis and Processing of Information Unit, jClinical and Translational Applications Research Unit, U663, and lNuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Unit, Office of Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies (CEA), INSERM, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France; bShanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; cDivision of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322; dLaboratory for Systems and Information Science, UMR CNRS 7296, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille 13284, France; fDepartment of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium; gInstitute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; hCenter for Morphometric Analysis, Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114; iCenter for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka 565-0871 Japan; kNeuropediatrics Department, Trousseau