DOCSLIB.ORG

Survival and Growth of Nothofagus Pumilio Seedlings Under Several Microenvironments After Variable Retention Harvesting in Southern Patagonian Forests Guillermo J

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Rosina Soler Esteban, Juan Cellini, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri, Mark G. Neyland To cite this version: Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur, Rosina Soler Esteban, Juan Cellini, María V. Lencinas, Pablo L. Peri, et al.. Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests. Annals of Forest Science, Springer Nature (since 2011)/EDP Science (until 2010), 2014, 71 (3), pp.349 - 362. 10.1007/s13595-013-0343-3. hal- 01101533 HAL Id: hal-01101533 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01101533 Submitted on 8 Jan 2015 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Annals of Forest Science (2014) 71:349–362 DOI 10.1007/s13595-013-0343-3 ORIGINAL PAPER Survival and growth of Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under several microenvironments after variable retention harvesting in southern Patagonian forests Guillermo J. Martínez Pastur & Rosina Soler Esteban & Juan M. Cellini & María V. Lencinas & Pablo L. Peri & Mark G. Neyland Received: 30 July 2013 /Accepted: 30 October 2013 /Published online: 22 November 2013 # INRA and Springer-Verlag France 2013 Abstract forest structure, microclimate, soil properties, and nutrient & Context Variable retention prescriptions for Nothofagus availability. pumilio forests provide for biodiversity conservation and & Methods In the stands harvested by variable retention, five natural regeneration by controlled opening of the canopy. contrasting microenvironments were selected as treatments Harvesting generates different microenvironments which for the experiments and sampling. Environmental variables present dissimilar conditions for seedling establishment, due were related to ecophysiological, seedling survival, and to positive or negative influences over biotic and abiotic performance. factors. & Results The modification of forest structure (crown cover & Aims This study evaluated seedling survival and perfor- and tree density) and the presence of coarse woody debris mance in different microenvironments within the harvested greatly affect the effective rainfall and global radiation stands. Tested hypotheses stated that seedling stress and per- reaching understorey level, influencing seedling stress and formance were influenced by harvesting due to changes in consequently survival and performance. Harvesting also mod- ifies soil properties (e.g., soil bulk density) and coarse woody debris accumulation which in turn influences soil mois- ture and/or solar radiation levels. Analyses showed that Handling Editor: Andreas Bolte seedlings received benefits of microenvironment varia- Contribution of the co-authors G. Martínez Pastur coordinates the tion after harvesting. Areas covered with middle or fine research project, designs the experiments, and writes the paper together woody debris presented regeneration with better eco- with P.L. Peri and M.G. Neyland. R. Soler Esteban and J.M. Cellini physiological response and seedling performance, al- worked in the data taking and data analyses under the supervision of though dispersed retention areas (far away from remnant trees) M.V. Lencinas, who conducted the statistical data analysis. : : and roads could also present suitable conditions for seedling G. J. M. Pastur (*) R. S. Esteban M. V. Lencinas survival and performance. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas (CONICET), & Conclusions The proportion of different microenviron- Houssay 200, (9410) Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina e-mail: [email protected] ments in the harvested forests will determine the amount of natural recruitment of regeneration and consequently the suc- J. M. Cellini cess of proposed silvicultural management. Forest practices Laboratorio de Investigaciones de Sistemas Ecológicos y must be manipulated to increase the proportion of favorable Ambientales (LISEA-UNLP), Diagonal 113 nº 469, (1900) La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina microenvironments (e.g., woody debris), allowing greater nat- ural regeneration success during the first years after P. L. Peri harvesting. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral - CONICET, cc 332, (9400) Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina Keywords Aggregated retention . Dispersed retention . M. G. Neyland Microenvironments . Light availability . Soil moisture . Forestry Tasmania, GPO Box 207, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia Soil properties 350 G.J.M. Pastur et al. 1 Introduction performance, due to their differential influences (positive or negative) on the biotic and abiotic factors described above Current silvicultural prescriptions for the harvesting of (Kupferschmid and Bugmann 2005; Blood and Titus 2010). Nothofagus pumilio forests in southern Patagonia are mainly In this study, the objective was to evaluate seedling survival based on canopy opening that stimulates natural regeneration and performance under different microenvironmental condi- by modifying soil moisture and light availability at ground tions within the harvested stands during the establishment level (Rosenfeld et al. 2006). Seedling growth conditions are stage. Based on such information, silvicultural prescriptions improved when the canopy is gradually opened, as naturally may be developed to successfully regenerate N. pumilio with- occurs in a gap dynamic system (Wardle 1970). However, if out clearing the site and thus completely changing the envi- the opening is increased abruptly in Nothofagus forests, the ronmental conditions. For this purpose, we tested the follow- effective sheltering function of the remnant overstorey can be ing hypotheses: (1) the remnant overstorey following variable diminished (Howard 1973). Also, overstorey canopy cover retention harvesting (comprising both aggregates and dis- determines the effective rainfall that reaches the forest floor persed trees) influences microclimate particularly through and consequently the soil moisture content, which improves rainfall and solar radiation interception at ground level and seedling performance at moderate canopy cover levels (40– consequently affects seedling stress and performance, (2) 60 %) in N. pumilio forests (Martínez Pastur et al. 2011a). harvesting modifies soil properties and nutrient availability However, under extreme canopy opening (>60 %), the solar and consequently affects seedling performance, and (3) ex- radiation intensity at the ground level also increases, which treme values (low and high) of soil water content and/or solar can result in greater evaporation rates, reducing soil moisture radiation negatively affect seedling performance. below critical values. Both effects determine seedling performance during the establishment stage, e.g., in Fagus sylvatica (Ammer et al. 2008). In particular, 2Methods young seedlings of N. pumilio have been demonstrated to be sensitive to soil moisture (Heinemann et al. 2000;Heinemann 2.1 Study site and climate characterization and Kitzberger 2006). Increasingly, structural retention silvicultural systems (e.g., The study site was located in a pure natural N. pumilio forest variable retention) that maintain elements of the original forest on Tierra del Fuego Island (Argentina), harvested using vari- are being designed to meet multiple objectives (e.g., biodiver- able retention (Martínez Pastur et al. 2011b). This method sity conservation, natural cycles, timber production values, retained aggregates (one circular aggregate of 30-m radius and wildlife habitat) (Gustafsson et al. 2012; Lindenmayer per hectare) and dispersed dominant trees (basal area 10– et al. 2012; Neyland et al. 2012). Variable retention harvesting 15 m2 ha−1) evenly distributed between the retained aggre- has been increasingly applied in south Patagonia over the last gates, as remnant overstorey after the harvesting. The forest 10 years in N. pumilio forests, usually as a mix of aggregated was located in Los Cerros Ranch (Fig. 1), and the experiments and dispersed retention. These retention patterns can influence were established in three stands harvested 2–4 years ago microclimate (e.g., radiation, temperature, or soil moisture) (stand 1=2 years, stand 2=3 years, and stand 3=4 years). and other physical processes, which differ substantially be- Stand 1 (15 ha) presented 10 % slope and north aspect, stand 2 tween harvested and non-harvested areas (Heithecker and (22 ha) presented 15 % slope and northeast aspect, and stand 3 Halpern 2007). This harvesting system generates a high spa- (27 ha) presented 9 % slope and east aspect. The studied tial variation in the remnant forest structure within the har- stands were of middle-to-high site quality according to vested stands; however, the heterogeneity of understorey Martínez Pastur et al. (1997), have a total overbark cover, microtopography, and edaphic properties (e.g., volume of 700–900 m3 ha−1, and have total dominant organic
Recommended publications
  • Regeneration of Subalpine Nothofagus Pumilio in Northwestern Patagonia Argentina

    Regeneration of Subalpine Nothofagus Pumilio in Northwestern Patagonia Argentina

    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2000 Regeneration of subalpine Nothofagus pumilio in northwestern Patagonia Argentina Christopher A. Wall The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Wall, Christopher A., "Regeneration of subalpine Nothofagus pumilio in northwestern Patagonia Argentina" (2000). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 6805. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/6805 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY The University of JV IO N T A N A Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. ** Please check "Yes" or and provide signature ** Yes, I grant permission k No, I do not grant permission Author’s Signature Date S - P ^ 6 O O Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author’s explicit consent. Regeneration of SubalpineNothofagus pumilio in Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina By Christopher A. Wall B.A. Vassar College, 1991 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science The University of Montana 2000 Approved By Committee Co-Chairs Dean of the Graduate School S'^Zo ' Date UMI Number: EP37606 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted.
  • Bosque Pehuén Park's Flora: a Contribution to the Knowledge of the Andean Montane Forests in the Araucanía Region, Chile Author(S): Daniela Mellado-Mansilla, Iván A

    Bosque Pehuén Park's Flora: a Contribution to the Knowledge of the Andean Montane Forests in the Araucanía Region, Chile Author(S): Daniela Mellado-Mansilla, Iván A

    Bosque Pehuén Park's Flora: A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Andean Montane Forests in the Araucanía Region, Chile Author(s): Daniela Mellado-Mansilla, Iván A. Díaz, Javier Godoy-Güinao, Gabriel Ortega-Solís and Ricardo Moreno-Gonzalez Source: Natural Areas Journal, 38(4):298-311. Published By: Natural Areas Association https://doi.org/10.3375/043.038.0410 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3375/043.038.0410 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E ABSTRACT: In Chile, most protected areas are located in the southern Andes, in mountainous land- scapes at mid or high altitudes. Despite the increasing proportion of protected areas, few have detailed inventories of their biodiversity. This information is essential to define threats and develop long-term • integrated conservation programs to face the effects of global change.
  • Nutrient Cycling in Nothofagus Pumilio Forests Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina Jorge L

    Nutrient Cycling in Nothofagus Pumilio Forests Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Tierra Del Fuego, Argentina Jorge L

    Forest Ecology and Management 217 (2005) 80–94 www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Nutrient cycling in Nothofagus pumilio forests along an altitudinal gradient in Tierra del Fuego, Argentina Jorge L. Frangi a, Marcelo D. Barrera a, Laura L. Richter a, Ariel E. Lugo b,* a Laboratorio de Investigacio´n de Sistemas Ecolo´gicos y Ambientales (LISEA), Universidad Nacional de La Plata. CC 31, 1900 La Plata, Argentina b International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service, P.O. Box 25000, Rı´o Piedras, PR 00928-5000, USA Received 17 November 2004; received in revised form 20 May 2005; accepted 23 May 2005 Abstract Nothofagus pumilio (lenga) forests form monocultures from sea level to timberline in Tierra de Fuego, Argentina. Past studies suggested that the life form change from erect forest to krummholz had advantages to forest function. Aboveground net primary productivity (NPP) and organic matter production per unit leaf area and growing season day were higher in krummholz than in adjacent short erect forests at lower elevation. We compared tall erect, short erect, and krummholz lenga stands in terms of the concentration, accumulation, fluxes, turnover, and use-efficiency of nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) along an elevation gradient (220–640 m) in Tierra del Fuego (Valle de Andorra, 54890S, 68820W). With few exceptions, patterns of decreasing values of nutrient concentration, nutrient stock, nutrient flux, and nutrient turnover reversed at the krummholz, which had higher values of these parameters than an adjacent short erect forest at lower elevation. Nutrient cycles accelerated at the krummholz but nutrient use-efficiency of organic matter production and nutrient return to the forest floor decreased.
  • Commonality and Variability in the Structural Attributes of Moist Temperate Old-Growth Forests: a Global Review ⇑ Sabina Burrascano A, William S

    Commonality and Variability in the Structural Attributes of Moist Temperate Old-Growth Forests: a Global Review ⇑ Sabina Burrascano A, William S

    Forest Ecology and Management 291 (2013) 458–479 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Review Commonality and variability in the structural attributes of moist temperate old-growth forests: A global review ⇑ Sabina Burrascano a, William S. Keeton b, Francesco M. Sabatini a, , Carlo Blasi a a Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy b Rubenstein School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA article info abstract Article history: Temperate forests have been fundamentally altered by land use and other stressors globally; these have Received 3 August 2012 reduced the abundance of primary and old-growth forests in particular. Despite many regional studies, Received in revised form 15 October 2012 the literature lacks a global synthesis of temperate old-growth structural characteristics. In this study Accepted 18 November 2012 we compare literature derived data on mature and old-growth moist temperate forests with the aim of: (i) exploring global commonalities; (ii) investigating sources of variability among systems; and (iii) highlighting data gaps and research needs. We compiled a dataset of 147 records from 93 papers, and Keywords: analyzed a set of structural indicators: basal area, stem density, large living trees, live aboveground bio- Literature search mass, quadratic mean diameter, and coarse woody debris volume. These indicators were contrasted Forest dynamics Sustainable forest management between mature and old-growth age classes at a global level and across continents and broad forest Carbon sequestration types, testing for significance through Monte-Carlo permutation procedure. We also related structural Biodiversity indicators to age, climatic and geographical descriptors.
  • 9. a 10 Year Trial with South American Trees and Shrubs with Special

    9. a 10 Year Trial with South American Trees and Shrubs with Special

    9. A 10 year trial with SouthAmerican trees and shrubswith specialregard to the Ir,lothofaglzsspp. I0 6ra royndir vid suduramerikonskumtroum og runnum vid serligumatliti at Nothofagw-slogum SarenOdum Abstract The potential of the ligneous flora of cool temperate South America in arboriculture in the Faroe Isles is elucidated through experimental planting of a broad variety of speciescollected on expeditions to Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego 1975 andl9T9.Particular good results have been obtained with the southernmost origins of Nothofagus antarctica, N. betuloides, and N. pumilio, of which a total of 6.500 plants were directly transplanted from Tierra del Fuego to the Faroe Isles in 1979. Soren Odum, Royal Vet.& Agric. IJniv., Arboretum, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. Introduction As a student of botany at the University of CopenhagenI got the opportunity to get a job for the summer 1960as a member of the team mapping the flora of the Faroe Isles (Kjeld Hansen 1966). State geologist of the Faroe Isles and the Danish Geological Survey, J6annesRasmussen, provided working facilities for the team at the museum, and also my co-student,J6hannes J6hansen participated in the field. This stay and work founded my still growing interest in the Faroese nature and culture, and the initial connections between the Arboretum in Horsholm and Tbrshavn developed from this early contact with J6annesRasmussen and J6hannes J6hansen. On our way back to Copenhagen in 1960 onboard "Tjaldur", we called on Lerwick, Shetland, where I saw Hebe and Olearia in some gardens. This made it obvious to me, that if the Faroe Isles for historical reasonshad been more or less British rather than Nordic, the gardensof T6rshavn would, no doubt, have been speckledwith genera from the southern Hemisphere and with other speciesand cultivars nowadays common in Scottish nurseries and gardens.
  • Disturbance History and Dynamics of an Old-Growth Nothofagus Forest in Southern Patagonia

    Disturbance History and Dynamics of an Old-Growth Nothofagus Forest in Southern Patagonia

    Article Disturbance History and Dynamics of an Old-Growth Nothofagus Forest in Southern Patagonia Mariano Martín Amoroso 1,2,* and Ana Paula Blazina 3 1 Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Mitre 630, San Carlos de Bariloche CP 8400, Argentina 2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural, Av. de los Pioneros 2350, San Carlos de Bariloche CP 8400, Argentina 3 Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Bernardo Houssay 200, Ushuaia V9410, Argentina; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 3 December 2019; Accepted: 10 January 2020; Published: 14 January 2020 Abstract: The identification of disturbance events using disturbance chronologies has become a valuable tool in reconstructing disturbance history in temperate forests worldwide; yet detailed reconstructions of disturbance history and their effect on the structure and dynamics of the old-growth Nothofagus forests in the southern Patagonia are scarce. We reconstructed forest dynamics and disturbance history of an old-growth N. pumilio forest in the Toro River Valley, Santa Cruz, Argentina using dendroecological techniques. Since a variation in the disturbance regimes was expected with changing elevation, we sampled at different elevations. We found distinct differences in forest structure, dynamics, and disturbance history with changes in the elevation. The disturbance chronologies provided robust evidence that forests in the study area have been subjected to multiple disturbance events over the last 200 years. Yet, recognizing the agent of disturbance could be difficult in these montane forests and further studies are required.
  • Canada, Decembre 2008 Library and Bibliotheque Et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction Du Branch Patrimoine De I'edition

    Canada, Decembre 2008 Library and Bibliotheque Et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction Du Branch Patrimoine De I'edition

    ORGANISATION SOCIALE, DYNAMIQUE DE POPULATION, ET CONSERVATION DU CERF HUEMUL (HIPPOCAMELUS BISULCUS) DANS LA PATAGONIE DU CHILI par Paulo Corti these presente au Departement de biologie en vue de l'obtention du grade de docteur es sciences (Ph.D.) FACULTE DES SCIENCES UNIVERSITE DE SHERBROOKE Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, decembre 2008 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-48538-5 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-48538-5 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation.
  • Historical Biogeography and Diversification of Truffles in the Tuberaceae and Their Newly Identified Southern Hemisphere Sister Lineage

    Historical Biogeography and Diversification of Truffles in the Tuberaceae and Their Newly Identified Southern Hemisphere Sister Lineage

    OPEN @ACCESS Freely available online ·.@"-PLOS.. IONE Historical Biogeography and Diversification of Truffles in the Tuberaceae and Their Newly Identified Southern Hemisphere Sister Lineage 1 14 13 2 3 Gregory Bonito *, Matthew E. Smith , Michael Nowak , Rosanne A. Healy , Gonzalo Guevara , 4 1 5 5 6 Efren Cazares , Akihiko Kinoshita \ Eduardo R. Nouhra , Laura S. Dominguez , Leho Tedersoo , 8 9 10 11 Claude Murae, Yun Wang , Baldomero Arroyo Moreno , Donald H. Pfister , Kazuhide Nara , 12 4 1 Alessandra Zambonelli , James M. Trappe , Rytas Vilgalys 1 Deparment of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, 2 University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Biology, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America, 31nstituto Tecnologico de Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico, 4 Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, United States of America, Slnstituto Multidisciplinario de Biologfa Vegetal, Cordoba, Argentina, 61nstitute of Ecology and Earth Sciences and the Natural History Museum of Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia, 71nstitute National de Ia Recherche Agronomique et Nancy University, Champenoux, France, 8 New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand, 9 Department of Plant Biology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain, 10 Farlow Herbarium, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 11 Department of Natural Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan, 12 Dipartimento di Science Agrarie, Universita di Bologna, Bologna, Italy, 131nstitute of Systematic Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, 14 Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America Citation: Bonito G, Smith ME, Nowak M, Healy RA, Guevara G, et al.
  • Sequestrate Fungi from Patagonian Nothofagus Forests: Cystangium (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota)

    Sequestrate Fungi from Patagonian Nothofagus Forests: Cystangium (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota)

    Sequestrate fungi from Patagonian Nothofagus forests: Cystangium (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) Trierveiler-Pereira, L., Smith, M. E., Trappe, J. M., & Nouhra, E. R. (2015). Sequestrate fungi from Patagonian Nothofagus forests: Cystangium (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota). Mycologia, 107(1), 90-103. doi:10.3852/13-302 10.3852/13-302 Allen Press Inc. Version of Record http://cdss.library.oregonstate.edu/sa-termsofuse Mycologia, 107(1), 2015, pp. 90–103. DOI: 10.3852/13-302 # 2015 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Sequestrate fungi from Patagonian Nothofagus forests: Cystangium (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota) Larissa Trierveiler-Pereira1 Ectomycorrhizal, hypogeous fungi in the Basidio- PPGBOT, Department of Botany, Universidade Federal mycota and Ascomycota are important components of do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil 91501-970 the forest soil environment. Not only do they function Matthew E. Smith as nutrient absorbing organisms for their tree hosts, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, these fungi also improve soil conditions (Perry et al. Gainesville, Florida 32611 1989) and interact with a variety of forest organisms (Trappe and Luoma 1992). In particular, they are an James M. Trappe important food source for animals in ectomycorrhizal Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon forests (Maser et al. 1978, Claridge et al. 2002, Vernes State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 et al. 2004, Claridge and Trappe 2005, Trappe et al. Eduardo R. Nouhra 2006, Vernes 2010, Katarzˇyte˙ and Kutorga 2011, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologı´a Vegetal Schickmann et al. 2012), including those of Argentina (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Co´rdoba, (Perez Calvo et al. 1989, Nouhra et al. 2005).
  • Pollen Morphology of Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae, Fagales) and Its Phylogenetic Significance

    Pollen Morphology of Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae, Fagales) and Its Phylogenetic Significance

    Acta Palaeobotanica 56(2): 223–245, 2016 DOI: 10.1515/acpa-2016-0017 Pollen morphology of Nothofagus (Nothofagaceae, Fagales) and its phylogenetic significance DAMIÁN ANDRÉS FERNÁNDEZ1,*, PATRICIO EMMANUEL SANTAMARINA1,*, MARÍA CRISTINA TELLERÍA2,*, LUIS PALAZZESI 1,* and VIVIANA DORA BARREDA1,* 1 Sección Paleopalinología, MACN “B. Rivadavia”, Ángel Gallardo 470 (C1405DJR) C.A.B.A.; e-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 Laboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva (LASBE), Museo de La Plata, UNLP, Paseo del Bosque s/n° (B1900FWA) La Plata; e-mail: [email protected] * Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina Received 31 August 2016, accepted for publication 10 November 2016 ABSTRACT. Nothofagaceae (southern beeches) are a relatively small flowering plant family of trees confined to the Southern Hemisphere. The fossil record of the family is abundant and it has been widely used as a test case for the classic hypothesis that Antarctica, Patagonia, Australia and New Zealand were once joined together. Although the phylogenetic relationships in Nothofagus appear to be well supported, the evolution of some pollen morphological traits remains elusive, largely because of the lack of ultrastructural analyses. Here we describe the pollen morphology of all extant South American species of Nothofagus, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and light microscopy (LM), and reconstruct ancestral character states using a well-supported phylogenetic tree of the family. Our results indicate that the main differences between pollen of subgenera Fuscospora (pollen type fusca a) and Nothofagus (pollen type fusca b) are related to the size of microspines (distinguishable or not in optical section), and the thickening of colpi margins (thickened inwards, or thickened both inwards and outwards).
  • (Castor Canadensis) in Riparian Nothofagus Forests of Tierra Del Fuego, Chile

    (Castor Canadensis) in Riparian Nothofagus Forests of Tierra Del Fuego, Chile

    Climatic Change https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02377-x Invasive species and carbon flux: the case of invasive beavers (Castor canadensis) in riparian Nothofagus forests of Tierra del Fuego, Chile Chloe Margaret Papier1 & Helen Mills Poulos1 & Alejandro Kusch2 Received: 9 March 2018 /Accepted: 16 January 2019/ # Springer Nature B.V. 2019 Abstract Forests are important moderators of global atmospheric CO2 emissions, making them a key focus of terrestrial C-cycling research. The 5th assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change explicitly calls upon nations to enhance C-stock accounting and mitigate losses of global forest C sinks, which inherently will require more accurate and higher spatial resolution carbon accounting. Monitoring and predicting how disturbances, such as invasive species, influence forest C stocks and the transfer of C from live to dead pools remains a high priority both in the scientific and policy communities. We documented the effects of invasive North American beavers (Castor canadensis) on C-sequestration of riparian Nothofagus forests in Tierra del Fuego, Chile. Our paired plot sampling design quantified significant losses from beaver invasion in total aboveground, live standing, dead standing, and dead and downed C stocks (P <0.001,pairedt tests). We extrapolated stand-level C losses to the entire study area using a Maxent habitat suitability model and estimated that 1.177 (± 0.103) Tg C would be lost if all of the predicted 18,384 ha of invasible habitat (14% of the total forested area) were colonized by beavers. These results document the impacts of invasive mammals on large terrestrial C sinks and highlight the need for understanding the magnitude of such effects across both landscape- and regional-scales.
  • An Updated List of Species Used in Tree-Ring Research

    An Updated List of Species Used in Tree-Ring Research

    TREE-RING BULLETIN, Vol. 53, 1993 AN UPDATED LIST OF SPECIES USED IN TREE-RING RESEARCH HENRI D. GRISSINO-MAYER Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721, U.S.A. ABSTRACT During the past 100 years, researchers have investigated the potential of hundreds of tree and shrub species for use in applications of tree-ring research. Although several lists of species known to crossdate have been published, investigated species that do not crossdate are rarely included despite the usefulness of this infonnation for future research. This paper provides a list of the Latin and common names of 573 species that have been investigated in tree-ring research, infor­ mation on species known to crossdate, and information on species with measurement and/or chronology data in the International Tree-Ring Data Bank. In addition, a measure of the suitability of a species for future tree-ring applications, the Crossdating Index (CDI), is developed and pro­ posed for standard usage. 1n den letzten hundert J ahren haben Forscher das Potential von hunderten von Baum- und Buscharten fi.ir die Anwendung in der Jahresring-Forschung untersucht. Zahlreiche Listen mit Arten, von denen man wei~, da~ sie zeitlich korrespondieren, sind bereits veroffentlicht worden, dagegen sind untersuchte Arten, die nicht zeitlich korresponclieren, selten in Publikationen beriick­ sichtigt worden, obwohl diese Informationen fi.ir die kiinftige Forschung nutzvoll sein konnten. Dieser Artikel legt eine Liste der lateinischen und der gemeinen Narnen von 573 Arten vor, die im Rahmen der Jahresring-Forschung untersucht worden sind, Inforrnationen Uber Arten, die bekan­ nterweise zeitlich korrespondieren sowie Informationen iiber Arten mit Ma~- und/oder Chronologiedaten in der intemationalen Jahresring-Datenbank (International Tree-Ring Data Bank).