POLITICAL ECOLOGY ANTHROPOLOGY 390A

Dr. Andrew Bauer East College 019 Sociology and Anthropology TR 12:40-2:10 Asbury Hall 205E Office Hours [email protected] Wednesday 9-12, or ph. 765.658.4529 by appointment

COURSE OBJECTIVES This seminar will introduce students to the theoretical paradigms of political and historical ecology. The overall objective of the course is to provide students with a critical awareness of how social relationships and cultural logics mediate human-environment interactions to produce particular environmental histories. The course objectives will be achieved primarily through in-depth explorations of historical case studies that illustrate the interrelationships between social environments and the ecological and material worlds that people both inhabit and produce. For example, in an examination of contemporary coffee production in Southeast Asia we will detail an increasingly common confluence of neo- liberal policies and global market access to smallholder agricultural production in developing countries, considering both their social and ecological consequences (e.g., pronounced deforestation and reforestation in the case of Vietnam’s Central Highlands). Other case studies will highlight different socio-ecological configurations relevant to contemporary policy discussions and environmental politics, but not necessarily situated in the current “neo-liberal climate.” More specifically, several of the case studies will use archaeological and paleoecological data to evaluate contemporary tropes about the distinctions between “modern” and “traditional” forms of land use—the former frequently characterized as profligate control of Nature while the latter is romanticized as sustainable practices “in harmony” with Nature. Through these examinations the course will evaluate Nature as an historical product that is not so neatly separable from the domain of Culture. At the end of this course students should: • Have a thorough understanding of the theoretical paradigms of political ecology. • Be able to apply the theoretical paradigms of political ecology to real world situations. • Understand “Nature,” what we define as “natural,” is partly a product of culture. • Be more familiar with reading and discussing academic literature • Have improved writing skills • Be motivated to ask critical questions of the environmental phenomena that influence their daily lives.

ANTHROPOLOGY 390: POLITICAL ECOLOGY 1 CLASS STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION This course will be run as a student-centric seminar. Students are expected to attend class having completed the assigned reading for the day so as to be capable of leading class discussion, and should come to class with the reading assignments as well as their notes. Students will also periodically split into small groups to work cooperatively on analyzing and synthesizing course materials. Class materials will also include films and slides to enhance the content of the readings. Some class periods will include short introductory lectures. ASSIGNMENTS AND EVALUATION Bibliographic Annotations (x10 = 30% of grade). Students are required to write a one-page summary of ten class readings throughout the semester, five of which must be completed by March 8th. These annotations should have a clearly stated thesis about the reading, identify the main argument, and relate the reading to previous readings and class discussion. Bibliographic annotations must be turned in the day before we are scheduled to discuss the readings in class, or they will not be counted. Discussion Leader (x1 = 10%). At least once during the semester students are expected to lead class discussion. Students will be given the option to sign up for a specific class date, or else will have one assigned to them. The day before you lead class discussion students are to meet with the professor to discuss the content of the reading briefly. Students will be evaluated according to how clearly they present and synthesize the reading (do they accurately communicate the main points, do they establish connections to class themes and other readings) in addition to how well they facilitate discussion amongst their peers. Open Book Essay Response (x2 = 30% of grade). Two take-home essay prompts will be distributed during the semester asking students to argue a position based on course content and reading assignments (see Course Schedule). Three to five page essays will be due a week after handout, and will be evaluated on the strength of their thesis, argumentation, use of evidentiary support, structure, and style. Late papers will be penalized. Attendance and Participation (5% pre-midterm, 5% post-midterm). Students are expected to attend all classes and come prepared to participate in discussion. Students may arrange, in advance of missing class, an excused absence for legitimate reasons recognized by the University (e.g., religious holidays, athletes may miss class for away games, etc.). Attendance and participation grades will be penalized for every unexcused absence after two. Research Paper and Presentation (20%). Each student will be asked to prepare a short 8-10 page research paper with an accompanying short in class presentation. Papers will be due on the first day of exam week. Late papers will be penalized.

ACADEMIC INTEGRITY This course will abide by DePauw University’s policy on academic integrity: Cheating, plagiarism, submission of the work of others, etc. violates DePauw policy on academic integrity and may result in penalties ranging from a lowered grade to course failure or expulsion. The policy and discussion of each student’s obligations and rights are in the Student Handbook. http://www.depauw.edu/univ/handbooks/dpuhandbooks.asp?ID=101&parentid=100

ANTHROPOLOGY 390: POLITICAL ECOLOGY 2 COURSE SCHEDULE∗ 1/31/12 INTRODUCTION TO THE COURSE 2/2/12 OVERVIEWS: POLITICAL ECOLOGY AND HISTORICAL ECOLOGY Biersack, A. (2006). Reimagining political ecology Culture/power/history/nature. In Reimagining Political Ecology. Crumley, C. (1994). Historical Ecology: A Multi-dimensional ecological orientation. In Historical Ecology: Culture, Knowledge, and Changing Landscapes 2/7/12 THE CULTURAL PRODUCTION OF NATURE: INVASIVE SPECIES Film: OPB Silent Invasion 2/9/12 THE CULTURAL PRODUCTION OF NATURE: FOOD AND FOOD WAYS I Sahlins, M. (1977) “Culture and Practical Reason” Chapter 4 2/14/12 THE CULTURAL PRODUCTION OF NATURE: FOOD AND FOOD WAYS II Scott , J.(1998) “Seeing Like a State” Chapter 8, Taming Nature: An Agriculture of Legibility Ingold, T (2000). “The Perception of the Nature” Chapter 4, Making things, growing plants, raising animals, and bringing up children. 2/16/12 THE POLITICS OF “NATURE” Latour, B. (2004). The Politics of Nature: How to Bring the Sciences into Democracy. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. (selections) 2/21/12 THE POLITICS OF “NATURE” Palsson, G. (2006). Nature and society in the age of postmodernity. In Reimagining Political Ecology. Scott, J. (1998) Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. Yale University Press, New Haven. (Introduction). 2/23/12 POLITICAL ECOLOGIES AND ECONOMIES I Marx, K. Capital, Volume One (selections from Part I). Polanyi, Karl “The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Times” Chapter 6, The Self-Regulating Market and the Fictitious Commodities, Chapters 15, Market and Nature. 2/28/12 POLITICAL ECOLOGIES AND ECONOMIES II Blaike and Brookfield (1987) “Land Degradation and Society” (selections) Paulson et al. (2005). Politics, ecologies, genealogies. In Political Ecology across Spaces, Scales, and Social Groups. 3/1/12 “HIGH MODERNITY” AND MONOCULTURE: CASE STUDY I Scott , J.(1998) “Seeing Like a State” Chapter 1, Nature and Space. 3/6/12 “HIGH MODERNITY” AND MONOCULTURE: CASE STUDY II

∗ Subject to modification based on class progress toward course goals and objectives. Readings not from your required books will be available on Moodle or at the library on course reserve.

ANTHROPOLOGY 390: POLITICAL ECOLOGY 3 Scott, J. (1998). “Seeing Like a State,” Chapter 6, Soviet Collectivization, Capitalist Dreams and Simplicity Piacsso et al. (2008). Crop species diversity affects productivity under two management strategies. Crop Science 48: 331-342. 3/8/12 CASE STUDY: NEOLIBERALISM, GLOBALIZATION, AND SMALLHOLDER PRODUCTION IN VIETNAM Harvey, D. (2005) “A Brief History of Neoliberalism”, Introduction Meyfroidt and Lambin (2008) The causes of the reforestation of Vietnam. Land Use Policy 25: 182-197. Sikor and Nguyen (2007) Why may forest devolution not benefit the rural poor? Forest entitlements in Vietnam’s Central Highlands. World Development 35: 2010-2025. Essay One Handout 3/13/12 CONSTRUCTING AND APPROPRIATING NATURE Berglund, E. (2006) Ecopolitics through Ethnography: The Culture of Finland’s Forest-Nature. In Reimagining Political Ecologies. Greenberg, J. (2006). The Political Ecology of Fisheries in the Upper Gulf of California. In Reimagining Political Ecologies. 3/15/12 CONSTRUCTING AND APPROPRIATING NATURE Wilk, R. (2006). ‘But the young men don’t want to work any more”: Political Ecology and Consumer Culture in Belize. In Reimagining Political Ecologies. 3/20/12 CONSTRUCTING AND APPROPRIATING NATURE Robbins, J. (2006). Properties of Nature, Properties of Culture. In Reimagining Political Ecologies. Neumann, R.P. (2004). Nature-State-Territory: Toward a Critical Theorization of Conservation Enclosures. In Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, and Social Movements, 2nd edition, edited by Peet, R. and M. Watts, pp. 195-217. Routledge, London. 3/22/12 CONFLICT AND STRUGGLE Watts, M. (2004). Violent environments: petroleum conflict and the political ecology of rule in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. In Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, and Social Movements, 2nd edition, edited by Peet, R. and M. Watts, pp. 273-298. Routledge, London. Schroeder and Suryanata (2004). Gender and class power in agroforestry systems: case studies from Indonesia and West Africa. In Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, and Social Movements, 2nd edition, edited by Peet, R. and M. Watts, pp. 299-315. Routledge, London. 3/27/12 SPRING BREAK 3/29/12 SPRING BREAK 4/3/12 DISCOURSES OF DEGRADATION Watts, M. and R. Peet (2004). Liberating Political Ecology. In Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, and Social Movements

ANTHROPOLOGY 390: POLITICAL ECOLOGY 4 Zimmerer (2004). Environmental discourses on soil degradation in Bolivia: Sustainability and the search for socioenvironmental “middle ground.” In Liberation Ecologies: Environment, Development, and Social Movements 4/5/12 DEBATING THE NATURAL: THE CASE OF INVASIVE SPECIES Head L, and P. Muir (2004). Nativeness, Invasiveness, and Nation in Australian Plants. Geographical Review 94 (2): 199-217. Foster J. and L. A. Sandberg (2004). Friends of Foe? Invasive Species and Public Green Space in Toronto. Geographical Review 94 (2) 178-198 4/10/12 DEBATING THE NATURAL: THE CASE OF GLOBAL WARMING Archer D. and S. Rahmstorf (2010). The Climate Crisis (Retrospective: what we knew and when we knew it). National Public Radio (2007), “Global Warming is Not a Crisis.” Intelligence Squared debate series. 4/12/12 THE POLITICS OF PUBLIC FACTS I Mathews, A. (2005). “Power/Knowledge, Power/Ignorance: Forest Fires and the State in Mexico.” Human Ecology 33(6): 795-820. Mathews, A (2008). “Statemaking, Knowledge and Ignorance: Translation and Concealment in Mexican Forestry Institutions. American Anthropologist 110(4): 484-494 4/17/12 THE POLITICS OF PUBLIC FACTS II Naturing the Nation: Aliens, Apocalypse, and the Postcolonial State. Journal of Southern African Studies 27 (3): 627-651. 4/19/12 INDEPENDENT WORK DAY

4/24/12 CONTRASTING ANCIENT AND MODERN LAND USE I Alizadeh et al. (2004) Human-environment interactions on the upper Khuzestan Plain, Southwest Iran. Paleorient 30: 69-88. Hole et al. (1969) Prehistory and Human Ecology of the Deh Luran Plain, Chapters 1-2, 7. 4/26/12 CONTRASTING ANCIENT AND MODERN LAND USE II Agrawal and Sunita (1997). “Dying Wisdom: Rise, fall, and Potential of India’s traditional Water Harvesting System”. Selections Bauer and Morrison (2008). Water management and reservoirs in Southern India and Sri Lanka. In Encyclopedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, pp., 2207-2214, edited by H. Selin. Springer. Essay Two Handout 5/1/12 REVIEW 5/3/12 STUDENT PRESENTATION 5/8/12 STUDENT PRESENTATION 5/10/12 COURSE SUMMATION

ANTHROPOLOGY 390: POLITICAL ECOLOGY 5 TEXTS There is one book that we will read large portions of in this course and should be purchased by students (Reimagining Political Ecology, edited by Biersack and Greenberg). You will also be asked to read a variety of recent articles and books chapters that will be posted to the course’s Moodle site or library e-reserve site. GRADE SCALE All assignments will be evaluated on a point system. Points will then be weighted by assignment accordingly (see Assignments section) to calculate your final grade. Final letter grades will be assigned on the following scale. A 93%+ A - 90-92% B + 87-89% B 84-86% B - 80-83% C + 77-79% C 74-76% C - 70-73% D + 67-69% D 64-66% D - 60-63% F < 60%

A, A- Achievement of exceptionally high merit B+, B, B- Achievement at a level superior to the basic level C+, C, C- Basic achievement D Minimum achievement that warrants credit F Failure: achievement fails to meet the course requirements

STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES DePauw University is committed to providing equal access to academic programs, University activities, and reasonable accommodations to students with disabilities. Any student who feels she or he may need an accommodation based on the impact of a disability or learning challenge is strongly encouraged to contact Pamela Roberts, Coordinator of Academic Success and Student Disability Services, for further information on how to receive accommodations and support. Academic Success and Student Disability Services is located in Harrison Hall, 302 A, 765-658-6267. It is the responsibility of the student to share the letter of accommodation faculty and staff members. Accommodations are not retroactive, and will not be implemented until the faculty or staff member has received the official letter.

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