DOCSLIB.ORG

7 W #6 O /67 /3 39 /4 A9

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
7 W #6 O /67 /3 39 /4 A9 July 30, 1946. G_ N; KROUSE 2,404,912 CONSECUTIVE NUMBER-PRINTING APPARATUS Filed 001;. ll, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet l ' ,j_ ,7 W #6 O /67 /3 39 /4 A9 (Y i Q 66/ 23 an? \’"”’/ July 30, 1946. G_ N_ KRQUSE 2,404,912 CONSECUTIVE NUMBER-PRINTING APPARATUS Filed Oct. 11, 1944 2 Sheets-Sheet 2' 1.9 ,20 Patented July 30, 1946 2,404,912 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,404,912 CON SECUTIVE-NUMBER -PRINTING APPARATUS Glen N. Krouse, Columbus, Ohio Application October 11, 1944, Serial No. 558,150 5 Claims. (01. 101--88) 1 2 This invention relates to printing and, more lating cylinder type in which consecutive num particularly, to the art of printing consecutive bers may be applied to consecutive sheets passed numbers or the like on a succession of paper therethrough simultaneously with the printing of sheets, or other impression-receiving materials, text matter on the sheets. advanced through a press having a reciprocating It is another object of theinvention to provide type-holding bed and a rotary or oscillating im~ a consecutive number printer for printing presses pression-producing cylinder. wherein the printer is provided with a depressible Hitherto, in printing consecutive numbers, for operating plunger and has combined therewith an example, on paper sheets, as on various types of automatically movable frisket adapted for oper negotiable instruments, tickets and the like, it 10 ation in such manner as to prevent the exposed has been necessary, when reciprocating press bed-3 operating end of the plunger from receiving ink of the type indicated are employed, to ?rst print impressions from the inking rolls of the press. the text matter on the sheets and thereafter, For a further understanding of the invention, usually on another press, or as a separate opera reference is to be had to the following description tion, to print the numerals. These separate op and the accompanying drawings, wherein: erations have been necessary in order to protect Fig. l is a side elevational view, partly in ver the sheets from receiving undesired ink impres» tical section, disclosing a press of the reciprocat sions from the exposed end of the depres'sible mg bed-oscillating cylinder type provided with plunger used in effecting step by step turning of the numeral printer and frisket means forming the numeral-bearing type wheels of the consecu- ~ the present invention; tive number printer. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the numeral printer, Such a number printer, it will be understood, frisket and the actuating means therefor removed involves a casing in which is mounted the nu from the bed of the press; meralebearing wheels, the latter engaging the Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view paper sheets to be printed by projecting for a 25 on the line 3—3 of Fig. 2 disclosing the frisket and limited distance through an opening provided in its actuating means and showing the frisket in its the top wall of the casing. To turn the numeral elevated position protecting the upper end of the wheels, the printer is provided with a spring actuating plunger of the numeral printer; pressed plunger which, during the printing op Fig. 4 is a similar view disclosing the frisket in eration, is adapted to engage the cylinder or 30 its lowered position and removed from associa platen of a press so that the plunger will be moved tion with the plunger of the number printer so a suf?cient distance to produce the required step that the plunger may be actuated by the press by step turning movement of the number-print cylinder; lng type wheels. In a reciprocating press, the Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical sectional view type is advanced under inking rolls before regis 35 taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 with the number tration with the cylinder and, if used, the plunger printer omitted; of the number printer would contact the inking Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the frisket and rolls; hence a ?lm or deposit of such ink would its operating means; be applied to the plunger which would be subse Fig. '7 is a diagrammatic view showing the op quently deposited on the paper sheets undergoing 40 erating positions of the frisket at different stages printing. during a single printing cycle. In accordance with the present invention, this Referring more particularly to the drawings, condition is corrected or prevented by associat the numeral ID designates the top of the main ing with the plunger of the number printer a frame of the printing press, on which the bed II movable frisket which is automatically actuated 45 that carries the chase or type form I2 is mounted by the reciprocation of the type bed, whereby . for reciprocal movement. Carried as usual by the when the plunger is in registration with the ink frame of the press, above the bed I l, is the oscil ing roll or rolls of the press, the frisket is located lating impression cylinder 13. Also, carried by to cover the upper end of the plunger in order to the frame If! for engagement with the ink-receiv receive the ink impression from said roll or rolls 50 ing surfaces of the type contained in the chase and prevent it being applied to the plunger, and or form 12 is a, plurality of inking rolls I4 and whereby when the bed is advanced to bring the the usual vibrator roll l5. Between the rolls i4 type into impression-imparting engagement with. and I5 and the cylinder l3, the frame effects the the paper sheets and the associated cylinder, the support of one or more cross rods 16 on which is plunger will present an ink free surface which 55 clamped the head blocks ll of a paper'feeding permits of its actuation by the press cylinder frame I 3. Paper is fed to the press between the without imparting an ink impression on the paper frame !8 and the cylinder l3 and into impression~ sheets. receiving engagement with the type contained in It is, therefore, an object of the present inven the chase or form 42 as the latter is reciprocated tion to provide number-printing mechanism for forwardly. printing presses of the reciprocating bed-oscil Using a standard press of this kind, the present 2,404,912 3 4 invention provides a consecutive number print the spring 34 is to positively maintain the frisket ing mechanism which operates simultaneously in its position of registration with the top sur with each printing operation of the press. This face of the printing plunger or in its inactive or mechanism comprises a standard consecutive lowered position out of registration with the number printer of the nature used in the print plunger. ing industry. These printers each embody a cas Such movement of the frisket between active ing I9 in which is rotatably supported on a com~ - and inactive positions is effected by providing the mon shaft a plurality of numeral-bearing wheels diverging arms at the upper end of the lever 27 20, which function after the manner of an odom with lateral extensions or actuating heads 38 and eter. The upper peripheral edges of the wheels 10 36a having angled edge surfaces 31, which sur project through an opening 2! [in the top wall faces upon reciprocation of the bed I I are adapt of the casing so that the numerals on said wheels ed to be brought into engagement with an angu may be brought into direct engagement with the larly positioned fly plate 38 stationarily carried inking rolls and the paper to be printed as the by the lower end. of a rod 259, the upper end of wheels areadvanced under, the cylinder I3. - Step said rod being adjustably positioned in-one vof the by step turning movement of the wheels is effected supporting blocks H of the paper-feeding frame. by a vertically depressible spring actuated plung By this adjustment, the operating registration er 22, The upper or operating end of this plunger between the ?y plate 33 and the-lever heads 36 projects ‘through the top of the casing is in order and 36a may be readily controlled. ~ - that it may be engaged by the cylinder [3 and 20 depressed to mechanically turn the type wheels ' Operation 20 to the required printing positions. In the use of this mechanism, when the bed I I In accordance with the present invention, such is positioned so that the numeral wheels 20 of the astandard consecutive number printer is placed number printer are in registration with the ink directly in the chase or form I2 in its pro-per posi ing roll or rolls M, as shown at A in Fig. '7, the tion with relation to the text-printing type and frisket will occupy its active position covering locked in the chase with the type. Also, placed the upper end surface of the plunger 2, as indi in the chase and locked therein adjacent to the cated in Fig. 3, so that the plunger will not come number printer is an open-topped frisket hous~ into contact with the inking roll or rolls and ing 23. The vertical side walls of the housing 23 ."._" therefore will not receive an ink deposit thereon, effect the pivotal support, as at 24, of a yoke such deposit being applied to the upper surface shaped frisket 25. When the frisket is elevated, of the frisket and not to the plunger. as shown in Fig. 3, the same is positioned over When the bed I I has been reciprocated so that the upper end surface of the plunger 22 to pre the type carried by the chase or form is in print vent the plunger from contacting the ink rolls :-;.-‘ ing registration with the cylinder l3, as indicated I4 during reciprocation of the bed II.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Styro-Prints Printmaking
    LESSON 18 LEVEL B STYRO-PRINTS PRINTMAKING WHAT YOU WILL LEARN: learning the basic techniques of relief printmaking WHAT YOU WILL NEED: sheets of styrofoam about 13x15.5 cm.(5”x 6”) (clean flat sided styrofoam meat trays with the sides cut off) or commercial styrofoam such as Scratch-Foam Board (TM); ballpoint pen or dull pencil; black or colored water-based printing ink; one or two rubber brayers for ink, available at crafts or art supply stores; a small sheet of formica or a smooth plastic mat for an ink pad; a variety of kinds and colors of papers; damp sponge or towel; newspapers to cover work surface. Relief Print Teacher Example “TIPS”: Set up your work table as indicated in the diagram. You will Getting Started: Relief printing draw on your styrofoam “plate” some began thousands of years ago in where else and then move to the China. Much later, in Europe, wood printing place. If you have never blocks were smoothed and then cut printed before, you may want a into with sharp tools. They were then inked to make prints that grownup to help you the first time. were handed out like posters and It will be fun for both of you! handbills or flyers. In the 1500s, Important: read through all the John Gutenberg put rows of little directions before you begin to print. wooden block letters into a printing press, and the first modern books were made. In relief printing. “the ups print and the downs don’t.” That means that the surface that is inked will print and the part of the block Lesson18 A ©Silicon Valley Art Museum that is cut away or pushed down, will not.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Printing Technologies
    Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Introduction to Printing Technologies Study Material for Students : Introduction to Printing Technologies CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDIA WORLD Mass communication and Journalism is institutionalized and source specific. Itfunctions through well-organized professionals and has an ever increasing interlace. Mass media has a global availability and it has converted the whole world in to a global village. A qualified journalism professional can take up a job of educating, entertaining, informing, persuading, interpreting, and guiding. Working in print media offers the opportunities to be a news reporter, news presenter, an editor, a feature writer, a photojournalist, etc. Electronic media offers great opportunities of being a news reporter, news editor, newsreader, programme host, interviewer, cameraman,Edited with theproducer, trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor director, etc. To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Other titles of Mass Communication and Journalism professionals are script writer, production assistant, technical director, floor manager, lighting director, scenic director, coordinator, creative director, advertiser, media planner, media consultant, public relation officer, counselor, front office executive, event manager and others. 2 : Introduction to Printing Technologies INTRODUCTION The book introduces the students to fundamentals of printing. Today printing technology is a part of our everyday life. It is all around us. T h e history and origin of printing technology are also discussed in the book. Students of mass communication will also learn about t h e different types of printing and typography in this book. The book will also make a comparison between Traditional Printing Vs Modern Typography.
    [Show full text]
  • Printing Presses in the Graphic Arts Collection
    Printing Presses in the Graphic Arts Collection THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF AMERICAN HISTORY 1996 This page blank Printing Presses in the Graphic Arts Collection PRINTING, EMBOSSING, STAMPING AND DUPLICATING DEVICES Elizabeth M. Harris THE NATIONAL MUSEUM OF AMERICAN HISTORY, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON D.C. 1996 Copies of this catalog may be obtained from the Graphic Arts Office, NMAH 5703, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C. 20560 Contents Type presses wooden hand presses 7 iron hand presses 18 platen jobbers 29 card and tabletop presses 37 galley proof and hand cylinder presses 47 printing machines 50 Lithographic presses 55 Copperplate presses 61 Braille printers 64 Copying devices, stamps 68 Index 75 This page blank Introduction This catalog covers printing apparatus from presses to rubber stamps, as well as some documentary material relating to presses, in the Graphic Arts Collection of the National Museum of American History. Not listed here are presses outside the accessioned collections, such as two Vandercook proof presses (a Model 4T and a Universal III) that are now earning an honest living in the office printing shop. At some future time, no doubt, they too will be retired into the collections. The Division of Graphic Arts was established in 1886 as a special kind of print collection with the purpose of representing “art as an industry.” For many years collecting was centered around prints, together with the plates and tools that made them. Not until the middle of the twentieth century did the Division begin to collect printing presses systematically. Even more recently, the scope of collecting has been broadened to include printing type and type-making apparatus.
    [Show full text]
  • Printing History News 20
    Printingprinting History history news 20 News 1 The Newsletter of the National Printing Heritage Trust, Printing Historical Society and Friends of St Bride Library Number 20 Autumn 2008 ST BRIDE EVENTS booking form, or for more information, please contact: Antiquarian Book- Glasgow 501: out of print, lecture, sellers Association, Sackville House, w1j 0dr Tuesday 21 October, Bridewell Hall, 40 Piccadilly, London . Tel: 7:00 p.m. Steve Rigley and Edwin Pick- 020 7439 3118. Fax: 020 7439 3119. stone will be talking about some of the Email: [email protected]. Wesbite: extraordinary letterpress work to have www.aba.org.uk. emerged from the University of Glas- gow’s research unit entitled ‘Out of Advance notice. The twenty-sixth Print print’ in the context of a year of cele- Networks Conference for the British brations of 500 years of printing in Book Trade Seminar will be held Scotland (see also page 2 below). between Tuesday 28 and Thursday 30 July 2009 at Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Letterpress: a celebration, one-day Further details will appear in a forth- conference, Friday 7 November, 9:30 coming issue of PHN. a.m.–5:00 p.m. There will be a packed Detail of a woodcut by Ian Mortimer, programme of talks, demonstrations I.M. Imprimit and displays of work from those keen Designer Bookbinders to share their infectious enthusiasm for Book trade conferences events letterpress in the twenty-first century. Come and join in the debates that are Books for sale: the advertising and Unless otherwise noted, the following sure to emerge. Speakers: Phil Abel promotion of print from the fifteenth events will be held at the Art Workers (Hand & Eye Letterpress), Claire century.
    [Show full text]
  • The Printing Press
    AP® European History Study Guide Topic 1.4: The Printing Press OVERVIEW “Earlier generations. permitted the fruit of other minds, and the writings that their ancestors had produced by toil and Prior to 1450, the only way to reproduce and circulate texts was was by producing hand-copied manuscripts application, to perish through insufferable neglect. (literally, “to write by hand”). The invention of the printing They robbed posterity of its ancestral heritage.” -- Petrarch press allowed books and pamphlets to be circulated in mass quantities for the first time. This resulted in an Petrarch, the father of Renaissance humanism, vented his anger at the increase in literacy rates in Europe, the development monks of the “Dark Ages” for allowing several important classical texts of national literary cultures, and the rapid spread of new from ancient Greece and Rome to disappear from existence. In his anger, ideas during the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the he neglected to give these hard-working monks the credit that they Scientific Revolution. deserved for preserving as many classical texts as they had, given that they had no other way to preserve texts other than to copy them by hand. WHEN DID IT HAPPEN? This all changed with Gutenberg’s invention of the printing press, which The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg, enabled the mass production of texts that did not have to be copied was introduced in Europe in the 1440s. By 1500, by hand. With the help of the printing press, Petrarch’s works would be printing presses were widespread in Europe, with widely circulated throughout Italy, along with the works of Dante and millions of pages circulating among an increasingly Boccacio, creating a body of literature that would form the basis for a literate population.
    [Show full text]
  • Mechanization of the Printing Press Robin Roemer Western Oregon University, [email protected]
    Western Oregon University Digital Commons@WOU History of the Book: Disrupting Society from Student Scholarship Tablet to Tablet 6-2015 Chapter 08 - Mechanization of the Printing Press Robin Roemer Western Oregon University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.wou.edu/history_of_book Part of the Critical and Cultural Studies Commons, Cultural History Commons, and the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine Commons Recommended Citation Roemer, Robin. "Mechanization of the Printing Press." Disrupting Society from Tablet to Tablet. 2015. CC BY-NC. This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at Digital Commons@WOU. It has been accepted for inclusion in History of the Book: Disrupting Society from Tablet to Tablet by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@WOU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 8 Mechanization of the Printing Press - Robin Roemer - One of the important leaps in the technology of copying text was the mechanization of printing. The speed and efficiency of printing was greatly improved through mechanization. This took several forms including: replacing wooden parts with metal ones, cylindrical printing, and stereotyping. The innovations of printing during the 19th century affected the way images were reproduced for illustrations as well as for type. These innovations were so influential on society because they greatly increased the ability to produce large quantities of work quickly. This was very significant for printers of newspapers, who were limited by the amount their press could produce in a short amount of time. Iron Printing Press One major step in improving the printing press was changing the parts from wood to metal.
    [Show full text]
  • Design & Print
    DESIGN & PRINT a guide to setup and print with Walker Printing LLC HELLO & Offset Printing 4 WELCOME! Binding 7 Since 1960, Walker Printing has Paper Weight 8 serviced the surrounding Tehama County areas and beyond with a Page Counts 11 high caliber of customer service and quality printing. Using only Bleed 14 the finest of inks and quality Printer’s Marks 17 presses, we bring out the best in printing. Equipped with trained Spreads 18 staff, we put the final touches on your project that will make your Color Spaces 21 company shine. From Design to Prepress into Bindery, our Rich vs Std Black 22 attention to detail ensures the best results with your printing Resolution 25 projects. Proofs 26 This guide was created to Turnaround 29 empower you with the tools you need to have a successful printing experience. Within these pages you will find answers to many questions most consumers have “One customer well taken on the printing terminology and care of, could be more how to properly setup your file valuable than $10,000 for optimized printing. worth of advertising.” -Jim Rohn Happy Printing! -The Walker Team DESIGN & PRINT GUIDE | 3 OFFSET PRINTING Offset printing, also called lithography, is a high quality way to produce larger quantities. It uses a large printing press with a series of printing plates that transfer cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK) ink onto large sheets of paper called “parent sheets”. These parent sheets are then cut, folded, and bound to form a final printed product. Because of the complex machinery involved, offset printing does require a higher setup cost than digital printing.
    [Show full text]
  • 12 Lesson Plan Howard Iron Works – Printing Press Tour/Demo
    GRADE 1 - 12 LESSON PLAN HOWARD IRON WORKS – PRINTING PRESS TOUR/DEMO Lesson Plan Information Grade: 1 - 12 Subject: Arts (Visual Arts) Language Arts (Media Literacy) English (Media Studies) Duration: 2 hours Lesson Plan Overview and Objectives Students will take a tour of Howard Iron Works printing press museum where they will learn the history of printmaking with a focus on letterpress and lithography. Students will gain an understanding of the mechanics of hand printing on a press by watching a printmaker ink a plate and pull a print. They will use appropriate terminology related to printmaking, and demonstrate an understanding of printmaking presses, history, materials and tools. AT QUEEN ELIZABETH PARK COMMUNITY AND CULTURAL CENTRE Printing Press Tour / Demo at Howard Iron Works Materials Printing plate, white cover stock – single weight, water based printmaking ink (yellow, red, blue), brayer, barren, cartridge paper (printing) Introduction / Tour The instructor introduces the museum and the early history of the printing press. Discuss current printed matter and modern printing techniques. Introduce traditional printing methods used before electricity. Take a tour of Howard Iron Works and introduce the development of iron presses from the 19th and 20th centuries. Guiding questions - What can you tell me about printing, what is it and where do we see printed matter? - How do we print papers, posters and books today? How do you think they were printed before electricity was invented? - Why was it important to be able to print text and images? Can you imagine the ways this changed the world? - What do you think Gutenberg’s printing press was made of? What was it used for? Art terms to be covered: - Elements of design Page 1 of 4 - Principles of design - Printmaking - Printing press - Lino - Letter press Demonstration Demo / Look-and-Find Students are split into 2 groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Mormon Editions
    Journal of Book of Mormon Studies Volume 11 Number 2 Article 7 2002 Book of Mormon Editions Larry W. Draper Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Draper, Larry W. (2002) "Book of Mormon Editions," Journal of Book of Mormon Studies: Vol. 11 : No. 2 , Article 7. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/jbms/vol11/iss2/7 This Feature Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Book of Mormon Studies by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Title Book of Mormon Editions Author(s) Larry W. Draper Reference M. Gerald Bradford and Alison V. P. Coutts, eds., Uncovering the Original Text of the Book of Mormon: History and Findings of the Critical Text Project, 39–44 (published in lieu of Journal of Book of Mormon Studies 11/2 [2002]). ISBN 0-934893-68-3 Abstract Larry Draper describes his role in providing Royal Skousen with copies of various early editions of the Book of Mormon for use in the critical text project. Draper also describes the printing process of the Book of Mormon, which process was made clearer because of Skousen’s project. Draper explains the stereotyping method of printing that was used for the 1840 Cincinnati/Nauvoo edition and the 1852 Liverpool edition of the Book of Mormon. Book of Mormon Editions l a r ry w. d r a p e r I was employed in the Historical Department of the (2) knowledge of the physical methods of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for 18 years the printing process (in other words, (until 1997).
    [Show full text]
  • Heidelberg 10” X 15” / 26Cm X 38Cm Platen Printing Press + Cutting & Creasing
    Heidelberg 10” x 15” / 26cm x 38cm Platen Printing Press + Cutting & Creasing Heidelberg “T” 10x15 (26cmx38cm) platen printing press with cutting & creasing. Our Ref: 2360 Key Features: Equipment number: 1 month parts warranty Main electrical system – 3 Phase 240 / 415 Volt Very Good condition Cutting chase, Furniture with press Optional: Foil Expert can also be installed see Appendix 1 Price: On request Contact us today for more details Tel: +44 (0)1473 725161 Email: [email protected] Heidelberg 10 x 15 (26cm x 38cm) Platen printing + cutting & creasing press Base machine Features: The base machine is a Heidelberg 10x15 (26 x 38cm) platen • Drive motor system 3 phase • Good condition • Removable cutting and creasing chase Printing system Features: • Printing unit fully operational • Spare print rollers with press • Assortment of numbering boxes with press • 3 Spare chases with press • Assortment of inks available Cutting & Creasing Features: • Assortment of cutting / creasing materials • Assortment of coins • Assortment of cutting spacer Electrical system Features: • 3 Phase – 16 Amps per phase Contact us today for more details Tel: +44 (0)1473 725161 Email: [email protected] Heidelberg 10 x 15 (26cm x 38cm) Platen printing + cutting & creasing press Maintenance history and documentation The machine includes: • Machine documentation • Operators manual • Parts manual • Electrical wiring diagram Consumables SF Services’ sister company Profoil Systems Limited can provide all consumables needed for production, which can be purchased
    [Show full text]
  • 11-Kreis, Printing Press
    Kreis, “The Printing Press” 1 of 2 THE PRINTING PRESS Steven Kreis Reprint of Steven Kreis, “The Printing Press,” The Histo- into a wooden block, inked, and then transferred to paper. ry Guide http://www.historyguide.org/ intel- Since each word, phrase or picture was on a separate block, lect/press.html [2016]. this method of reproduction was expensive and time- consuming. He who first shortened the labor of copyists by de- vice of movable types was disbanding hired armies, The extension of literacy among laypeople and the greater and cashiering most kings and senates, and creating a reliance of governments and businesses upon written records whole new democratic world: he had invented the art created a demand for a less-costly method of reproducing the of printing. written word. The import of paper from the East as well as – Thomas Carlyle, Sartor Resartus, 1833 "block-books" (see above), were major steps in transforming the printing of books. However, woodcuts were not sufficient- The Renaissance spread to Germany, France, England, ly durable as they tended to split in the press after repeated and Spain in the late fifteenth and the sixteenth centuries. use. Furthermore, a new block had to be carved for each new In its migration northward, Renaissance culture adapted impression, and the block was discarded as unusable as soon itself to conditions unknown in Italy, such as the growth as a slightly different impression was needed. of the monarchical state and the strength of lay piety. In By the middle of the 15th century several print masters England France, and Spain, Renaissance culture tended to were on the verge of perfecting the techniques of printing with be court-centered and hence anti-republican.
    [Show full text]
  • Arabic Hot Metal: the Origins of the Mechanisation of Arabic Typography
    Arabic hot metal: the origins of the mechanisation of Arabic typography Article Accepted Version Nemeth, T. (2018) Arabic hot metal: the origins of the mechanisation of Arabic typography. Philological Encounters, 3 (4). pp. 496-523. ISSN 2451-9197 doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340052 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/87152/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . Published version at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340052 To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340052 Publisher: Brill All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online Arabic Hot Metal The origins of the mechanisation of Arabic typography In the 1870s, Ottmar Mergenthaler (1854–1899), a German émigré to the United States, began to investigate and develop machines to facilitate typographic composition and justification – a goal that was pursued with mixed results by inventors for most of the nineteenth century.1 After a prolonged phase of trial and error, by 1886 the first functional machine was put to use at the New York Tribune newspaper, heralding the era of mechanised typesetting.2 The machine Mer- genthaler had developed, and its revolutionary concepts, transformed the practice of typogra- phy.
    [Show full text]