Bulolia, a New Genus of Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Papua New Guinea

RrvuEsurssE DE ZooroctB, vol. horss6rie: 701-707: ao0t 1996

Bulolia, a new genus of Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) from Papua New Guinea

Marek ZNBKA ZakladZoologii WSRP, PL-08-110 Siedlce, poland

Bulolia, a new genus of salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) frorn papua New Guinea. - Bulolia gen. nov. and two new species:B. oceilata (iype species)and B. excentrica are describedfrom tropical rain forests of Papua New Guinea. The diagnostic characters of the genus are given and its relationshipis discussed.

Key-words: Bulolia - B. ocellata - B. excentricd - taxonomy - new genus - new species- PapuaNew Guinea - rain forest.

INTRODUCTION

The spider family Salticidaecomprises some 4500 describedspecies and is world-wide in distribution.Although it presentshuge morphologicalvariety of body shapes,sizes, colours, genitalic pattern and living strategies,it has one characterin common.The eyesare usuallyarranged in threerows, possessa complex structureand are capableof acutevision (LaNo 1985).In two groups,Lyssomaninae and Athamae, and in some other unrelatedtaxa (e.g. viciria, orthrus, Mantisatta, synemosyna) (PnoszvNsrr 1968; waNr-rss 1980a-c,curr-sR 1985; curr-En & w,qNr-ess1973) the eyesfbrm an additionalfourth row. In the caseof Lyssomaninaethe structureof the "primitive,' copulatory organs and some aspectsof behaviour suggest statusfor the group while the positionof the Athamaeseems derived within the fissidentsalticids. It is obviousthat threeor four rows of eyesand their sizevariation may well occurboth in "primitive" "derived" the or salticids and may differ even between closely related genera.on the other hand, the similarities in morphology of legs, cheliceraeand genitaliain variousunrelated salticid groups is quite often (Zanrn 1990,1991, 1995). The methods of specimenexamination are routine and describedelsewhere (zmrt 1990). The specimensare depositedin the eueenslandMuseum, Brisbane (QMB)

Manuscriptaccepted 20.1 2.1995. Proceedingsof the XIIIth Internationalcongress of Arachnology,Geneva, 3-g.IX.1995 702 MAREK ZABKA

- Abbreviationsused: QMB - QueenslandMuseum, Brisbane,AEW anterior eyeswidth, AL - abdomenlength, CL - cephalothoraxlength, EFL - eye field length, PEW - posterioreyes width, measurementsin mm.

Buloliq gen. n.

Type species'.Bulolia ocellata sp.n. Etymology: The name is derived from the locality, Bulolo River area (Papua New Guinea,Morobe Province)and is feminine in gender. Diagnosis.Medium sized (5-6 mm) spiders.The eyes arrangedin four rows. Thoracic slope distinctive, anterior legs long and strong, embolus twisted, seminal reservoir meandering,bulbus without posterior lobe, tibia with single retrolateral apophysisor with additional prolateralprocess. In comparisonto similar (related?) Athamasthe spiderslarger, abdomen more elongated and anteriorlegs relatively longer. Relationships.The shapeof the cephalothoraxand the structureof the palpal organof the genusBulolia showsimilarities to the genusAthamas tFigs l7-19). Both possessdistinctive thoracic slope, meandering seminal reservoir and twisted embolus. The most obvious differenceis in the structureof the anteriorlegs: relatively delicate in Athamas and strong and elongatedin Bulolia. Also cheliceraldentition is slightly different, being fissident rn Athamas and intermediatein Bulolia. Discussing the "lower" "true" relationshipsof and salticids,W,qNI-sss (1980c) pointed out that the eyes may differ in s:izeand in amangementboth in distant and relatedtaxa (Figs 17, 20, 22,24,26'). Thus it seemsreasonable to hypothesisethat similar eye affangement "primitive" "derived" presentin jumping spider may well be a (Lyssomaninae)or a (Athamae)character. Also the genitalic structurein Salticidaeis of limited use,being simole and similar evenin different sectionsand subfamilies(Z,tnru 1995).

Bulolia ocellata sp. n (Figs1-3, 9-10)

Material: Male holotype, Papua New Guinea: Central Province, Varirata National Park,rain forest,24 Aug. 1985,leg. D.J. Court, QMB. Diagnosis.Abdomen with two spots of white hairs, palpal patella and tibia neither elongated nor swollen, cymbium not pointed, prolateral tibial apophysis missing.Stridulating spines on femur of pedipalpsand first legs absent. Description. Cephalothoraxdark-orange, darkening towards lower margins. lighter on eye field. Eye surroundingdarker. Fovea region and eye field sideswith numerouswhite hairs.Abdomen elongated,centrally greyish-brown with two spotsof white hairs and with lighter terminal part, sides lighter with greyish coating. Spin- neretsgrey-brown. Clypeus and cheliceraeorange-brown, the latter lighter apically. Maxillae and labium dark-orange,sternum yellow, ventef grey. Legs I long, honey- orange, ventrally, dorsally and distally yellowish-orange.Other legs yellow, more delicate.Leg formula: 1-4-2-3. Palpalorgan as illustratedin Figs 3, 9-10. Dimensions:CL2.l5. EFL 1.20,AEW 1.25,PEW 1.20,AL 3.00' BULOLIA, A NEW GENUS 703

Frcs 1-8

Bulolia ocellata sp. n.: dorsalaspect (1), lateralview ofcephalothorax(2), pedipalp(3). Bulolia excentricasp. n.: dorsal aspect(4), lateral view ofthe body (5), cheliceratdentition (6), frontal aspect(7) and pedipalp(8). 704 MAREK ZABKA

Ftcs 9-12

Palpalorgan of Bulolia ocellata (9, 10) and Bublia excentricasp. n. (1 I, l2) BUI,OLIA.A NEW GENUS 705

Frcs13 16

Bulolia ercentrica sp. n.: palpal organ (13), f'emoralspines on pedipalpand leg I(14), femoral spinationon the pedipalp( I 5) and femoral spineson leg I( I 6).

Bulolia excentricq sp.n. (Figs4-8, 11-16) Material: Male holotype, Papua New Guinea: Central province, Varirata NationalPark, rain fbrest,2 June 1985.D.J. Court, QMB; male paratype,Morobe Province,Bulolo River area,J.B. McAdam National Park, lower mountainforest. 900 m., on Araucariatrunk, l0 July 1988,D.J. Court, M. Zabka,eMB. Diagnosis.Abdomen with three dorsallight spots.pedipalps strongly elongated,patella and tibia swollen, the latter with additionalprolateral apophysis, cymbium pointed. Femoraof pedipalpsand first legs with rows of (stridulatory?)spines (Figs14-16). 106 MAREK ZABKA

l<.f^) Fq AA /" \ /\ 0\ tl l0 \rl6a\rl t/ \-J \_-/ 22 24 t7\^1 20 L__i 18 rl td @ \ir4 rV 'nU U,7

Ftcs 17-21

Eye arrangementand genitalic pattem in variousunrelated genera: Athamas (17-19); Orthrus (i0,21), Arr*orno Qa, B), Pandisus(24,25); Mantisatta Q6,27). Drawingsfrom Curlsn & WeNlsss( 1973),WaNr-ess ( 1980b, c), JeNnnzornwsre (1995).

Description.Cephalothorax orange-brown, slightly darkeningtowards the lower margins,eye sumoundingsdarker. The sidesof eye field and fovea regioncovered with numerouswhite hairs.Abdomen elongated, its centralpart light-brownwith threespots of white hairs.Laterally abdomengreyish with lighter spots,spinnerets darker. Clypeus brown, chelicerae(Fig. 6) lighter,especially in apicalparts. Maxillae (Fig. 6) elongated' dark-orangewith small darkerspots. Labium brown. Sternumrather wide, yellow with orangemargin. Venter grey-brown.Legs I massiveand long, brown, their dorsal and ventralparts yellow-orange. Femora with a row of spines(Fig. l6). Other legs shorter andmore delicate,yellowish. Leg formula: 11-2-3. Palpalorgan shownin Figs 8, I l-13, palpal femur with strongspines (Fig' 15)' Dimensions:CL2.35. EFL 1.30,AEW I.15,PEW 1.25, AL3.25. BULOLIA, A NEW GENUS 707

AcrNowr-EocEMENTS

D.J. Court (Boroko, now Singapore) provided specimens and offered generous papua hospitality and help while collecting in New Guinea. Dr M. Harvey (perth) and Prof. J. Pr6szyriski (warsaw) reviewed the typescript, prof. p. Trojan and Mgr. A. Pedziriski (warsaw) helped with SEM. The research was supported by an Australian Museum grant (1987) and by rhe projects lgiglls and 512/931w financed by the Scientific Research Committee (Komitet Badari Naukowvch).

REFERENCES

currpn, B. 1985. Taxonomic Notes^on Neotropical Species in the Genus Synemosyna (Araneae: Salticidae). Studiesof the Neotropical Faina and Environment 20:.83_97'. Curr-Bn,B. & WaNI-Bss,F.R. 1973. A review of the genusMantisatta (Araneae:Salticidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnolo gical Society 2t lg4_1g9. JrNonzslpwsxe,,B. 1995. Gents Athamas Pickard-Cambridge,an unusual salticid from the Pacific area.Genus 6.. 181-190. Lauo, M.F. 1985. The morphology and optics of spider eyes.In: F.G. BenrH (ed.), Neuro- biology ofArachnids. Springer Verlag,Berlii, pp. S:_ZS. Pn6szvt(tsxt,J. 1968.Redescriptions of type-speciesof generaof Salticidae(Araneida), VI-V[. Annales Zoologici, Warsz.awa26: 239-24j. WaNr-ess,F.R. 1980a. A revision of the spider genus Macopaeus (Araneae: Salticidae). Bulletin of the British Museum oJNaturar History (zoorogy) 3g:219-223. WaNLess,F'R. 1980b.A revision of the,spidergenus Orthrus (Araneae:Salticidae). Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology) 3g:225_232. WeNrnss' F.R. 1980c. A revision of the spider generaAsemonea and pandisus (Araneae: Salticidae). Bulletin of the British Museum of Naturat History eoology) 39:213*25j. Ztsra, M. 1990. Salticidae(Araneae) of Oriental,Australian and Pacific Regions,IV. Genus Oc risiona Simon, I 901. Recordsof theAustralian M useum42: 27 43." Zl'sra, M. 1991.Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental,Australian and pacific Regions, V. GenusHoloplatys Simon, I 885. Recordsof theAustralian Museum 43: lj 1-24iJ. Zeera, M. 1995. Remarks on evolution of Salticidae. Proceedings of the t5th European Colloquium of Arachnology, CeskeBudejovice, pp. 195_201.