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Odds Ratio Calculation Usage A

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Odds Ratio Calculation Usage A Odabrane teme iz biostatistike Lessons in biostatistics Om jer iz gle da: iz ra čun, upo ra ba i tu ma če nje The odds ratio: cal cu la tion, usa ge, and inter pre ta tion Ma ry L. McHu gh Fa kul tet ses trin stva, Sveučiliš te In dia na po li sa, In dia na po lis, In dia na, SAD School of Nur si ng, Uni ver si ty of In dia na po lis, In dia na po lis, In dia na, USA Sa že tak Ab stra ct Om jer iz gle da (en gl. od ds ra tio, OR) je je dan od ne ko li ko sta tis tič kih tes to va The odds ratio (OR) is one of se ve ral sta tis ti cs that have be co me in crea sin gly ko ji pos ta je sve važ ni ji u kli nič kim is tra ži va nji ma i do no še nju od lu ka. Bu du- i m p o r t a n t i n c l i n i c a l r e s e a r c h a n d d e c i s i o n - m a k i n g . I t i s p a r t i c u l a r l y u s e f u l ći da je to te st ve li či ne uzor ka po seb no je ko ris tan jer kli ni ča ri ma nu di jas- be cau se as an eff e ct-si ze sta tis tic, it gi ves clear and di re ct in for ma tion to cli- nu i iz rav nu in for ma ci ju o to me ko ji pris tup li je če nju ima naj bo lje iz gle de za ni cia ns about whi ch treat me nt ap proa ch has the be st od ds of be ne fi ti ng the dob ro bit bo les ni ka. Tes to vi za is pi ti va nje sta tis tič ke zna čaj nos ti ko ji se ra be za pa tie nt. Sig ni fi can ce sta tis ti cs used for the OR in clu de the Fis her’s Exa ct Pro- om jer vje ro jat nos ti su Fis he rov eg zak tni te st, hi-kvad rat (2) te st om je ra vje- b a b i l i t y s t a t i s t i c , t h e M a x i m u m - L i k e l i h o o d R a t i o C h i - S q u a r e a n d P e a r s o n ’s ro jat nos ti i Pear so nov hi-kvad rat (2) t e s t . U o b i č a j e n o j e d a s e p o d a c i s a s t o j e Chi-Squa re. Typi cal ly the da ta con si st of coun ts for ea ch of a set of con di tio ns od vri jed nos ti za sva ki par uv je ta i is ho da te da su pri ka za ni u ob li ku tab li ce. and out co mes and are set in tab le for mat. The mo st com mon con struc tion is Naj češ će se po jav lju je tab li ca ob li ka 2 × 2, ia ko su mo gu će i ve će tab li ce. Bu- a 2 × 2 tab le al thou gh lar ger tab les are pos sib le. As a sim ple sta tis tic to cal- du ći da je jed nos ta van za iz ra čun, OR = (a × d)/(b × c), OR se mo že iz ra ču- cu la te, [OR = (a × d)/(b × c)], it can be ha nd cal cu la ted in a cli nic if ne ces sa ry na ti i ruč no na li cu mjes ta, ako je pot reb no od re di ti iz gle de da će nas tu pi ti to de ter mi ne the od ds of a par ti cu lar eve nt for a pa tie nt at ri sk for that eve nt. o d r e đ e n i d o g a đ a j z a b o l e s n i k a s r i z i k o m z a t a j d o g a đ a j . O R d o d a t n o p o m a - I n a d d i t i o n t o a s s i s t i n g h e a l t h c a r e p r o v i d e r s t o m a k e t r e a t m e n t d e c i s i o n s , ž e z d r a v s t v e n i m d j e l a t n i c i m a u d o n o š e n j u o d l u k a o l i j e č e n j u , b u d u ć i d a n u d i the in for ma tion pro vi ded by the odds ra tio is sim ple enou gh that pa tien ts j e d n o s t a v n u i n f o r m a c i j u k o j u i s a m i b o l e s n i c i m o g u r a z u m j e t i t e n a t a j n a č i n can al so un der sta nd the re sul ts and can par ti ci pa te in treat me nt de ci sio ns s u d j e l o v a t i u d o n o š e n j u o d l u k a o l i j e č e n j u k o j e ć e s e t e m e l j i t i n a i z g l e d i m a o ba sed on their od ds of treat me nt suc ce ss. u s p j e š n o s t i l i j e č e n j a . Key wor ds: od ds ra tio; chi-squa re te st Ključ ne ri je či: omjer iz gle da; hi-kvad rat te st Pris tig lo: 25. ve lja če 2009. Re cei ved: Feb rua ry 25, 2009 Prih vaće no: 21. trav nja 2009. Ac cep ted: Ap ril 21, 2009 Uvod In tro duc tion Pos to ji niz sta tis tič kih tes to va ko ji po ma žu u do no še nju The re are a num ber of sta tis ti cs that are hel pful for ma- od lu ka oko oda bi ra kli nič kih in ter ven ci ja, do no še nju zak- ki ng de ci sio ns about cli ni cal in ter ven tio ns or drawi ng lju ča ka o učin ci ma dje lo va nja raz nih tva ri ili do ga đa ja u con clu sio ns about eff e c t s o f v a r i o u s s u b s t a n c e s o r e v e n t s si tua ci ja ma ve za nih uz zdrav stve nu zaš ti tu. Je dan od tes- in heal th-re la ted si tua tio ns, and one seen frequen tly is to va kojeg čes to sus re će mo je st om jer iz gle da (en gl. od ds cal led the od ds ra tio. The OR eva lua tes whet her the od ds ra tio, OR). Om jerom iz gle da proc je nju je se je su li iz gle di of a cer tain eve nt or out co me is the sa me for two grou ps. za od re đe ni do ga đaj ili is hod jed na ki kod ob je sku pi ne is- Spe ci fi cal ly, the OR mea su res the ra tio of the od ds that p i t a n i k a . D e t a l j n i j e o b j a š n j e n o , s O R s e m j e r i o m j e r i z g l e - an eve nt or re su lt wi ll oc cur to the od ds of the eve nt not Biochemia Medica 2009;19(2):120–6 120 McHu gh ML. Om jer iz gle da: iz ra čun, upo ra ba i tu ma če nje McHu gh ML.
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