April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8015 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS able for national designation by virtue of natu­ waukee is celebrating its 100th year of-service ADDITION OF THE KINGS RIVER ral characteristrics; rather, it deferred its pro­ to the workers and families in our community. TO THE NATIONAL WILD AND fessional judgment until economic and political The week of April 20 through April 26 has SCENIC RIVER SYSTEM decisions are made about the Rodgers Cross­ been designated "Brewery Workers Week" in ing Dam. Wisconsin. HON. RICHARD H. LEHMAN The Kings River Conservation District Today, I would liked my colleagues to join [KRCD] is the primary proponent of a hydro­ me in extending our own congratulations to OF CALIFORNIA electric project at Rodgers Crossing and is a local 9 and its 5,000 active and retired mem­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES group I have great respect for in its sincere bers in this special centennial year. Thursday, April17, 1986 and legitimate efforts to secure additional Although there had been sporadic efforts to Mr. LEHMAN of California. Mr. Speaker, water for agriculture. Currently, a 300,000 organize brewery workers in the 1850's, the today I am introducing legislation to add 92.5 acre-feet overdraft exists in the Kings River first genuine brewery union was founded in miles of the Kings River to the National Wild service area. I agree with KRCD on the prob­ Cincinnati in 1879. It, and a similar New York and Scenic River System. Named the "Holy lem; I disagree with KRCD only with regard to City union formed in 1881, however, were River of Kings" by early explorers, the Kings the solution. If built at its most economical shortlived. River continues to live up to its name begin­ height of 420 feet, the Rodgers Crossing Dam The organization that would come to repre­ ning at its headwaters in Kings Canyon Na­ would generate only about 33,000 acre-feet of sent workers in the brewing industry was tional Park and flowing unimpeded to Pine yield for irrigation. Rodgers Crossing is a hy­ founded at a Baltimore convention in 1886. Flat Reservoir in Fresno County, CA. The droelctric generating facility, not a water Originally called the Brewery Workers National Kings River today is still a majestic Sierra project. This project was studied in 1972 by Union, it grew to more than 4,000 members Nevada waterway. In the spring, the canyon the Army Corps of Engineers and determined during its first 4 months. On March 4, 1887, slopes are blanketed with purple wildflowers, unsuitable for Federal development because an American Federation of Labor charter au­ and against this backdrop the Kings River of a negative benefit-cost ratio. Although it thorized the new group to "proceed with the sweeps down through the Sierra. The Kings can be argued that a more favorable benefit­ organization of the trade." River, however, is in danger of losing its natu­ cost ratio could occur with declining interest Over the last century, local 9 has grown ral character unless Congress adds it to the rates and more emphasis on electric genera­ larger and stronger. It has always been an ef­ National Wild and Scenic River System. tion over irrigation, it is also true that the fall­ fective and important voice for its members. The river is threatened with a dam at Rod­ ing prices of oil in today's market act as a Today, under the leadership of President Ted gers Crossing above Pine Flat Reservoir If the counterbalance to decrease the benefit-to­ Witkowski, local 9 members can be proud of Kings River is dammed at this point, from 9 to cost ratio. their record of service to the brewing industry, 13 miles of the main fork of the river will be There are alternatives for water develop­ to the Milwaukee community, and to the inundated destroying its scenic beauty, dimin­ ment for the Kings River Conservation District, Nation. They have given the city and its ishing its natural wildlife and devastating its and I stand ready to work with KRCD to sup­ people a strong sense of pride. current recreational uses for wild trout fishing, port other options. I have already introduced Because of local 9, Milwaukee and fine whitewater rafting, and camping. For me, pro­ H.R. 3182 which would authorize the Mid­ beer are synonymous in the minds of all tecting the Kings River is a personal commit­ Valley Canal System to deliver approximately Americans. Today, I am pleased to salute the ment. I have simply walked alongside the 650,000 acre-feet of additional surface water brewery workers who've made Milwaukee Kings for too many years to let her go without to the Central San Joaquin Valley. In addition, famous. a fight-1 know her splendor firsthand-the I am willing to take a hard look at whatever rough and the smooth places alike. legislation would be necessary to authorize Portions of this mighty river have already the raising of the existing Pine Flat Dam. BOMBING LIBYA WON'T STOP been recognized for their special characteris­ As a longtime proponent of numerous Cali­ TERRORISM tics. The California Department of Fish and fornia water projects from New Melones to Game designated the main and the South Auburn Dam, I firmly believe the Kings River HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Forks of the Kings River as wild trout streams. provides us with an opportunity to both pro­ OF CALIFORNIA A designated national recreation trail runs tect the river and allow new water develop­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES along the Kings from Garnet Dike to Spring ment. Alternative water development projects Thursday, April17, 1986 Creek, and Kings Canyon National Park takes are far preferable to damming the Kings River its name from the river. The California Wilder­ above the Pine Flat Reservoir. Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speaker, ness Act of 1984 placed the land alongside The Kings River stands on its own merits as Monday's military strike against Libya may the Kings River from the confluence of the deserving Federal protection, and I urge my have provided emotional satisfaction for those Middle and South Fork Kings into wilderness colleagues to join with me in designating the who felt it was time for the United States to and land on both sides of the main fork of the main fork of the Kings River above Pine Flat retaliate against the wave of terrorism that Kings River is being studied for wilderness Reservoir, the Middle Fork and the South Fork has occurred over the past few years. But re­ designation. of the Kings as part of the national wild and taliation is not a policy against terrorism. This In 1985, the Sequoia National Forest as scenic river system. attack against Libya will not end terrorism; it part of its land and resource management will not even diminish it. Indeed, I think we all plan found that the South Fork of the Kings sense that terrorist incidents are likely to in­ River was suitable for status as wild in some BREWERY WORKERS WEEK crease during the weeks and months ahead segments and recreational in other portions. and, indeed, we already have evidence of that The Sequoia plan then looked at 18 miles of HON. JIM MOODY increase. The military strike showed the Liby­ the main fork of the Kings and determined OF WISCONSIN ans that the United States could respond to that 5 miles could be classified as wild. On IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES violence with violence, but where will this the 13 miles of the Kings directly above Pine process take us? Where will the spiral end? It Flat Reservoir, the Forest Service simply de­ Thursday, April17, 1986 will not end, in my view, unless the United clined to take a position. The Forest Service Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, this year, the States pursues a policy aimed at the roots of did not find this portion of the Kings unsuit- Brewery Workers Union Local 9 U.A.W. in Mil- terrorism. I

e This .. bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 8016 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 I am convinced that our only viable long­ Israelis and Palestinians exchange military against Libya are viewed by the Arabs as at­ term policy to combat terrorism is one that in­ reprisals on a continual basis, at a rate diffi­ tacks against all Moslems and the Islamic volves diplomatic-and not military-actions. cult to even document. Daily incursions occur world as a whole. The moderate Arab nations Specifically, I feel we must strike at the root of Palestinians into Israeli-occupied territory. have been forced to distance themselves from causes of terrorism in the Middle East by re­ There have been bus bombings, air raids, kid­ the Reagan administration, and the more radi­ doubling our efforts aimed at reaching a just nappings and five full-scale wars between cal Arab factions have rallied in opposition to and lasting settlement between Israel and the Israel and its Arab neighbors over the past the United States. This is not a constructive Arab nations. Only when such a peace accord four decades, yet none of these actions have development in the context of reaching a is reached will we begin to gain the relief from brought these parties any closer to a resolu­ Middle East peace accord; further American terrorism that we so desire. tion of their conflict. On the contrary, each strikes will only make matters worse. We are mistaken if we think that a single bombing against the other, each raid resulting If our objective is to reduce terrorism ema­ bombing raid on Libya will have a deterrent in civilian casualties, each and every act of re­ nating from the Middle East, and I trust this is effect on terrorists. We can already see that taliation becomes justified as a response to our goal, then it is vital that the United States radical Palestinian groups throughout the the previous attack. maintain its influence in the region. Military Middle East have been called to arms by our The administration has declared that its raid strikes will only further destabilize the area action. We know that Libya's terrorist activites on Libya was an unqualified success. But and make it more difficult for moderate Arab increased after the Gulf of Sidra enagements what standard is appropriate for such a deter­ nations to participate in the peace process in in late March, and administration officials have mination? If it is simply that the targets were cooperation with the United States. already confirmed that Libya is stepping up its destroyed, then I am sure that both the PLO The strike against Libya was an expression planning for attacks in the Middle East and and the Israelis have had dozens, perhaps of rage, it was a statement of revenge. I hope Europe. This morning alone, we have heard of hundreds of such successes. But the outcome we have now gotten that out of our system a bombing attempt at Heathrow Airport and has simply been a growing interchange of in­ and are ready to resume the dialogue aimed the killing of three British citizens in the hills of creasingly violent acts of vengeance. And now at a peaceful settlement of some of the prob­ Lebanon. the United States, and Britain, have become lems which lie at the root of terrorism. This In his defense of the Libyan strike, the active participants in this battle. will not be easy; diplomacy is never as easy President said, "We have done what we had Many Americans seem to have no idea why as military actions. But we are fooling our­ to do. If necessary, we shall do it again." Do the United States has become a target for ter­ selves if we think continued escalation of the we really mean this? Are we ready to commit rorism. They simply do not realize that the pri­ violence will make us safer from terrorist at­ ourselves to repeated bombings? Future retal­ mary target for a large portion of Middle East tacks. iatory strikes are likely to be far more difficult terrorism is Israel, with the United States I urge my colleagues to call for a resump­ and more likely to result in civilian casualties. being a secondary and sometimes only inci­ tion of the Middle East peace process and This week's attack was against easy tar­ dental target because of America's heavy fi­ dedicate themselves to this vital approach to gets. Our intelligence services were fortunate nancial and political support for Israel. reducing terrorism. to intercept communications between Tripoli Recall that the Rome and Vienna airport and the Libyan People's Bureau in East Berlin, bombings occurred simultaneously at the Is­ enabling the administration to implicate Qa­ raeli Airline [EI AI] ticket counters. The Achille IMPORTANCE OF MATHEMATICS dhafi in the recent nightclub bombing there. A Lauro hijacking was perpetrated by a radical RESEARCH similar mistake by terrorists is unlikely to be Palestinian group demanding the release of repeated. Of greater concern, however, is the 50 Palestinians held in Israeli jails. This morn­ likelihood that terrorists will now move their ing, a bomb was intercep~ed at the El AI ticket HON. DOUG WALGREN headquarters and training bases closer to counters at Heathrow Airport in Britain. While OF PENNSYLVANIA populated regions, thus increasing the pros­ 23 Americans lost their lives as the result of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pects of heavy civilian casualties in the event terrorist incidents overseas last year, the Is­ of retaliation. If this occurs, how many civilian raelis suffered far greater casualties. Of Thursday, April17, 1986 lives will we be willing to take in connection course, Israel considers itself in a state of war Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, Congress has with our military strikes? against terrorist attacks. The United States, sent to President Reagan House Joint Resolu­ The administration's attitude throughout this however, could soon be a party to this war if tion 519, a bill designating the current week episode has been that Qadhafi is the root our military actions continue to escalate. as National Mathematics Awareness Week. cause of terrorism in the world. The impres­ Despite our preoccupation with Libyan­ As an original cosponsor of this measure and sion that has been created is that the removal backed terrorist activity, the real wellspring of as chairman of the Science Research and of Qadhafi would bring about an end to terror­ terrorism in the Middle East can be found in Technology Subcommittee, I would like to ist attacks against Americans abroad. This is the Palestinian refugee camps of Lebanon, comment on the importance of mathematics simply not true. Qadhafi happens to be a con­ Syria, Jordan, the West Bank and the Gaza research. venient target for our outrage, since he is Strip. Nearly 2 million Palestinians reside in Each field of science is in a continual state such a brazen supporter of attacks against these camps in conditions of poverty, despair, of expansion, as our innate curiosity and the the United States; but major hotbeds of terror­ and burning resentment against Israel. The demands of technology push toward the fron­ ism exist far beyond Libya's borders. Syria only life that many of these Palestinians have tiers of knowledge. The process of creating or and Iran, for instance, have been actively in­ ever known has been one of isolation, frustra­ discovering the new ideas and methods is volved in funding, training and promoting ter­ tion, and a sense of abandonment. The refu­ called research. Scientific research is vital to rorism. If Qadhafi were removed and terrorism gee camps offer no prospect of liberation, our Nation's progress. This is especially so of continued none the less, would the United except through enlistment in the terrorist mathematics research, because mathematics States proceed with attacks against President ranks that are training themselves to attack is a foundation discipline, on which progress Assad of Syria, the Soviet Union's principal Israel and its principal ally, the United States. in all the other technical disciplines depends. ally in the region, or Ayatollah Khomeini, As long as the Palestinian refugee camps The Federal Government contributes to the backed by Islamic fundamentalists ready and provide fertile ground for breeding terrorists, support of basic scientific research for the willing to become martyrs in the name of their attacks. against Americans and America will simple reason that our continued well-being religious fervor and allegiance to their leader? continue. Removing Qadhafi will not diminish depends on it and other sectors of society Having unleashed violence as a means of the emnity held by Palestinians toward the Is­ cannot fully support the most fundamental dealing with terrorism, it may become difficult raelis, and destroying the refugee camps is parts of research-those with long-term pay­ to tum this violence off. One need only look at obviously out of the question. We are left with offs. Our Government spends about $6.5 bil­ the ongoing war between Israel and the Arab little choice but to focus on a resolution of the lion annually for basic scientific research. The World-principally the Palestinian Liberation Palestinian-Israeli problem. In this regard, the total Federal expenditure on basic mathemat­ Organization [PLO] and other Palestinian fac­ attack on Libya was counterproductive. ics research is about $100 million annually, tions-to see how entrenched the cycle of re­ The Unified Arab condemnation for our less than 1.5 percent of our basic research in­ taliation can become. strike this week demonstrated that attacks vestment. April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8017 In 1984, the National Research Council rest of Central America to vigorously pressure even suggesting that the defense budget ex­ published a report, "Renewing U.S. Mathe­ Nicaragua to reduce its armed forces, expel perience another famine cycle in the years matics: Critical Resource for the Future" pre­ its foreign advisers, honor its borders and ahead, threatening, once again, the deteriora­ senting the findings of a panel of distinguished cease support for insurgencies in neighboring tion of America's defenses and all that means scientists and engineers chaired by Dr. countries. for the cause of freedom-fighters and democ­ Edward E. David, Jr., former Science Adviser Apart from the need to cease aid to an inef­ racy throughout the world. to the President and former president of fective group of men who spread violence and The following article warns that America's Exxon research and engineering. The major terror, it is appalling that aid should be sought defense preparedness and combat readiness conclusions of their 3-year study were as fol­ at a time when the President is proposir.g efforts are beginning to be sacrificed in some lows: deep cuts in vital programs providing nutrition, significant ways as a short-term expedient to Federal support for mathematics research health, education, job training and other vital reduce the deficit. I commend the following ar­ is, indeed, out of balance with support for re­ services to our disadvantaged and vulnerable ticle to my colleagues, and earnestly urge that lated fields of science and engineerng. citizens. It is inconceivable to me that we can this year and beyond Congress provide a de­ Over the 1968-82, span constant dollar consider sending funds to support a suspect, fense budget adequate to our weighty respon­ support for mathematics has declined by 33 no-win terrorist group while contemplating sibilities and historic destiny. percent. budget reductions that would endanger the [From the Wall Street Journal, Apr. 8, In the same time period, the field has dou­ health and welfare of so many of our own citi­ 1986] bled in size, as have most fields of science. zens. Continued funding of the Contras would LoGISTICS OFFICERS FRET THAT GRAMM­ An additional investment of at least $100 be counterproductive both to our national se­ RUDMAN MAY HINDER u.s. MILITARY million annually is needed bring things back curity and to the domestic stability of our COMBAT READINESS into balance and provide for the future health country. of the field, the group recommended. The National Science Foundation has TINKER AIR FORCE BASE, OKLA.-This CONGRATULATIONS CARROLL sprawling archipelago of parts warehouses begun an effort to restore balance; that is, to BEAVER and aircraft workshops is the military's big­ ensure that sufficient resources are provided gest logistics center, keeping thousands of to allow mathematics to develop at a pace warplanes and related systems ready for commensurate with the other branches of sci­ HON. GENE CHAPPlE combat. But officers here are fretting that ence and engineering, which depend so heav­ OF CALIFORNIA Washington will scrimp on the funds needed ily on mathematics. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for military readiness. All concerned should work to assure that Thursday, April17, 1986 The source of apprehension is the the imbalance in allocation for basic mathe­ Gramm-Rudman deficit-reduction law. The Mr. CHAPPlE. Mr. Speaker, I'd like to take fear is that the Pentagon, as it did during matics research is not allowed to futher dete­ this opportunity to recognize Mr. Carroll past budget crunches, will squeeze funding riorate. Beaver who will be retiring from the California for maintenance, repair, training and trans­ Department of Forestry. Throughout Carroll's portation in order to insulate big-dollar RODINO OPPOSES AID TO 35 years of service in northern California, he weapons programs from cuts. Already there is best known for his leadership as captain of are some early signs that today's budget CONTRAS pressures will hurt military readiness. More­ the air attack base in Grass Valley. Due to his over, the threat that the U.S. arsenal will be HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. spirit of compromise and adaptability, Carroll less ready comes at a time when the presi­ successfully engineered the merging of the dent is using the military more often as a OF NEW .JERSEY California Department of Forestry with the diplomatic and political tool around the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Grass Valley Fire Attack Base. In doing so, he world. Thursday, April17, 1986 helped to provide the most effective air attack The fears appear to be well-grounded: Al­ fire protection service in the State. though the overall Air Force budget would Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, I am strongly op­ grow by 7% under the Reagan administra­ posed to the President's request for $100 mil­ In addition to Carroll's active duty with the tion's request for fiscal1987, proposed fund­ lion for the Contras who seek to overthrow forestry, he is respected in his community as ing for Air Force spare parts would drop the Sandinista government in Nicaragua. This a model citizen and as a supportive father 40% from the levels planned a year ago. is a huge, nearly fourfold increase in funding who has reared 10 children. Lloyd Mosemann, Air Force deputy assist­ for the Contras since the first request 5 years As Carroll approaches retirement this May, I ant secretary for logistics, says, "I anticipate ago for $19 million. If this request is granted, it congratulate him on his many contributions to that we won't fund spares as completely as we did." will surely not be the last. It will be a down­ northern California and wish him the happiest payment of hundreds on millions more. of years to come. ENGINE EXHAUSTION There is no doubt that the Sandinista gov­ "When you have a reduction in logistics ernment is repressive and has a dismal record THE TIDE OF FREEDOM RELIES money, you can't buy the spare parts tore­ of human rights violations, and I certainly do place fuel controls, etc.," says Maj. Gen. ON AMERICA'S STRENGTH William Bowden, commander of the Tinker not want continuation and strengthening of a logistics operation. "At some point, you end Marxist-Leninist regime in Central America But HON. JACK F. KEMP up with engine exhaustion." the Contras have also committed brutal atroc­ OF NEW YORK Others offer more dire prognoses. "The ities and do not represent a viable or accepta­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES U.S. faces the real prospect of entering the ble alternative to the Sa.ndinistas. Just yester­ 1990s with shiny, new, high-technology day we saw reports on dissension among the Thursday, April17, 1986 forces that look impressive but cannot roll top civilian leaders of the Contras amid Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, America's historic or sail or fly to where they might be charges of mishandling of funds, criminal ac­ destiny has been to raise freedom to its fullest needed," says the Committee for National Security, an independent research group, in tivity, and human rights abuses. They do not expression not just in the United States but a recent budget study. inspire a popular, democratic movement inside throughout the world. This is the greatest Because it takes about two years for parts Nicaragua but instead spread terror and hope of oppressed peoples throughout the to be delivered, funding shortfalls today hatred among the innocent campesinos. world. Thankfully, since 1981, America has ex­ won't create noticeable readiness problems I firmly believe that the only effective and perienced a resurgence of confidence in its until about 1989. Nonetheless, here are realistic solution is through negotiation. De­ ideals, and not surprisingly, the tide of free­ early signs that such problems may be brew­ spite the recent setback, the Contadora proc­ dom is now just beginning to overwhelm and ing: ess is the policy we should pursue. It has not overcome the forces of tyranny and repres­ The B-1, the Air Force's newest bomber, already faces parts shortages here at really had a chance to succeed since the ad­ sion in many areas throughout the world. Tinker, where the planes will be maintained ministration has given only lip service to sup­ Yet we are in danger of undercutting the and overhauled. According to Gen. Bowden, porting it. It is time that we wholeheartedly military strength that strengthens and embol­ this year's Gramm-Rudman cuts dipped into support it. We would have the support of the dens the new march of freedom. Some are dollars earmarked for stocking up parts for 8018 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 the aircraft. "Gramm-Rudman will have an Pinched budgets for readiness may also handed management arbitrary authority to impact on the B-1," he says. "We still have choke off needed improvements in how destroy or eliminate priceless automatic sig­ a lot of parts to buy for it." It's uncertain parts and repairs are managed. Gen. nals, control towers, transmission lines, whether future appropriations will allow Bowden plans to add a new computer yards and thousands of miles of track. Be­ the Air Force to catch up on the parts pur­ system in a vast workroom where Tinker tween 1976 and 1984, Conrail had removed chases. employees manually record the comings and 3,754 miles of track while their mentor, At Fort Bragg, N.C., the 82nd Airborne Di­ goings of thousands of aircraft parts that Morgan Stanley, proposes to reduce the vision absorbed a $10 million cut as a result cycle through the facility. Funding for the present 14,000 miles of track to 9,000 or less. of the Gramm-Rudman automatic reduc­ computer project appears shaky, however. Conrail's tear-outs are equivalent to a rail tions that took effect March 1. The bulk of And at the Pentagon, budget planners work­ line extending from Washington, D.C. to this came from training for the paratroop­ ing on the administration's request for fiscal London, England. In 1985, this Corporation ers. 1988 have already halved the Air Force's laid off 3,200 employees, nearly 10 percent According to Air Force Gen. Lawrence early request for logistics research and de­ of its personnel. Conrail also proposes to Skantze, "Some of the spares have been hit velopment, which involves work on ways to eliminate 1500 jobs per year through 1989. in the Air National Guard and the Air Force modernize the spare-parts and repair proc­ . Congressman Douglas Applegate <18th 1970s. "Rather than field 40 or 44 wings On February 6, 1984, the U.S. General Ac­ District> became appalled after learning of that aren't fully equipped to do combat mis­ counting Office advised me that at the end the unjustified destruction and waste of tax sions, we would field 38 that are fully of 1983, the federal government had invest~ dollars that had taken place on the Panhan­ equipped." he says. "The leadership philo­ ed $6.955 billion in Conrail. A large part of dle, as well as on other segments of this fed­ sophically is committed." these tax dollars was spent for labor protec­ erally-owned railroad, and he introduced Whether that commitment holds up as tion, reconstruction of routes and feeder H.R. 3332 <98th Congress-1st Session> into program managers begin competing for lim­ lines identified in the Final System Plan Congress, a Bill having for its purpose to ited funds remains to be seen, however. Cuts and to settle mammoth claims of the seven prohibit Conrail from destroying any of its in the Air Force requests for spare-parts carriers which contributed to the formation public-owned rail facilities, i.e., until a final funding in fiscal 1987 call it into question al­ of the Corporation on April 1, 1976. Con­ disposition of the Corporation was made. ready. Moreover, pressure will be particular­ trary to popular belief, all physical assets of H.R. 3332 was blocked in committee with ly acute in coming years with the Air Force the "seven railroads" were not conveyed to Conrail leading the opposition. Why? Had planning to move the costly Stealth bomber Conrail. Congressman Applegate's Bill prevailed, the into full production and to begin building Subsequently, Conrail management pro­ savings to the U.S. taxpayers would have the next generation of jet fighters, known ceeded to undermine the intent of the Final been measured in hundreds of millions of as the advanced tactical fighter. System Plan, ostensibly to cut operating dollars Some of the funding cuts in readiness ac­ costs and the size of the workforce, the and today Conrail's physical assets would tually cost money in the end. For example, latter having been reduced by over 59,000 have been far more valuable on the taxpay­ cutbacks in spare parts in the 1970s meant since 4-1-76. From 1976 through 1985, Con­ ers' auction block. the Air Force repair centers had to fly parts rail's annual freight tonnage had dropped In 1975, a railroads for National Defense in from remote points just to carry out their by approximately 115 millions of tons. Program was initiated whereby a 37,500- maintenance work. "In the 1970s, we had ac­ During this time the Corporation initiated a mile network of Class A mainlines of the na­ celerated transportation for one out of program of railroad destruction unparal­ tion's railroads was identified as the Strate­ every two parts," says Gen. Bowden. More­ leled in the history of American railroads. gic Rail Corridor Network for over, faced with pinched budgets, military To speed up the demolition process, Conrail national defense. buyers end up ordering parts in small quan­ prevailed upon Congress to enact the North­ On January 26, 1982, Major General John tities, thereby driving up units costs. east Rail Service Act of 1981, a law that D. Bruen, Department of the Army, Mill- April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8019 tary Traffic Management Command, ad­ proposed Norfolk Southern acquisition of A CALL TO CONSCIENCE dressed a letter to the writer wherein it was Conrail should be approved by the U.S. revealed that the Panhandle was a part of House of Representatives. This would give STRACNET, and important to national de­ NS a clear block to move freight trains to HON. J.J. PICKLE fense by tying Ohio, West Virginia and and from the ports on the Great Lakes, the Pennsylvania into this military railroad net­ Atlantic Seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico, OF TEXAS work. On June 1, 1982, Anne Higgins, Spe­ i.e., to service points east of the Mississippi IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cial Assistant to President Reagan, advised River just as the trucks and barge operators in writing that the Panhandle would remain are now freely able to do. For the first time, Thursday, April17, 1986 available to handle defense shipments. On the nation would have a single-delivery rail­ Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, on Monday, a August 19, 1982, Conrail management issued road complex that could make a tremendous special emergency Leadership Conference on a memorandum wherein the carrier pro­ contribution to the rebirth of the depressed Higher Education was held in Washington, posed to scrap key sections of the Panhan­ industrial and economic bases east of the dle, which would have rendered the route Mississippi River, i.e., whether or not it in­ DC, to address the current proposals being useless as a connecting freight and/or de­ volves the movement of freight to the made by the administration with regard to fense corridor. In other words, to hell with North, East, South or West therein. Con­ funding for educational programs. the national defense-full speed ahead for trary to the P.D. editorial, which never Present at this meeting were more than 55 the Conrail wrecking ball. mentioned the subsidized competitors who university presidents and chancellors from all On May 20, 1983, the U.S. General Ac­ are killing off the Iron Horse, the Norfolk around the country. The following statement counting Office issued a "Report To The Southern proposal doesn't smell, it portends was introduced by Robert L. Hardesty, the Secretaries of Defense and Transportation" nothing but good for the public, the ship­ president of Southwest Texas State Universi­ dealing with "Federal Actions Needed To pers and the affected employees located Retain Essential Defense Rail Service" for east of the Mississippi River. ty, in my district. The statement was unani­ national defense. This alarming report, de­ mously adopted as the position of this very scribing the Strategic Rail Corridor Net­ representative group of higher education in work and the Panhandle connection, dis­ THE REVEREND DR. CLYDE J. this country. closed that from 1979 through 1982, there BOWMAN HONORED In the statement, these educators point out were 453 railroad abandonment application that education is essential in building an eco­ filed with the Interstate Commerce Com­ HON. BRUCE A. MORRISON nomic base to compete in the future interna­ mission and many of these petitions affect­ OF CONNECTICUT tional marketplace. In the high-technology, in­ ed defense installations that required rail formation-oriented world of the future, the service. In fiscal years 1980 and 1981, there IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES were 94 military installations with a mainte­ Thursday, April17, 1986 most educated nations will come out ahead in every area of endeavor. nance backlog of $11.4 million. In Septem­ Mr. MORRISON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak­ ber 1981, the U.S. Army revised its estimate I applaud the efforts of Robert L. Hardesty, to the effect that it would cost $30.1 million er, on April 26, 1986 St. Paul's Union Ameri­ and the rest of the education leaders who to upgrade rail facilities at only 23 military can Methodist Episcopal Church [UAME] in came to Washington to communicate their installations, i.e., at a time when Congress is New Haven, CN will host a luncheon in honor strong feelings on this subject, and I call on spending hundreds of billions of dollars to of the Reverend Dr. Clyde J. "Bobo" the Congress and the President to continue upgrade U.S. defenses. Bowman. Dr. Bowman is retiring from the While this G.A.O. report was being pre­ the commitment we have made to make sure active ministry in May of this year after 42 all members of our society have the opportu­ pared, Conrail was busy tearing out millions years of service, the last 15 years as the min­ of dollars worth of good rails, tieplates, nity to receive a good education. While we all angle bars, cross ties and other railroad ma­ ister at St. Paul's. know that we face budgetary restraints, let us terial, i.e., at a time when rail lines leading A pastor in the UAME church for 39 years, hope we can fashion a budget that will recog­ to defense installations were deteriorating. Dr. Bowman has distinguished himself with his nize the great importance of education. There was no mention made in the G.A.O. dedicated community service. In 1960 he was I am submitting, for the RECORD, a copy of report that Conrail had offered to provide appointed to the position of pastoral supervi­ the statement, "A Call to Conscience": the U.S. Defense Department any surplus, sor for the five boroughs of New York City by government-owned track material for use on the late Bishop David Mr. Harmon. Dr. A CALL TO CONSCIENCE deteriorated rail lines leading to these de­ Bowman has also served as district superin­ Proposed reductions in federal support se­ fense installations. tendent of the northern New Jersey, New riously threaten American higher educa­ It is ironic that certain members of Con­ tion. Its future for decades to come will be gress, after the federal government had in­ England, and central New York State areas. In affected by the decisions Congress makes in vested hundreds of billions of tax dollars 1982 he was elected to the positions of gen­ this budget and appropriations cycle. But east of the Mississippi River since World eral secretary of the book stores and general the issue is greater than the future of War II to construct and maintain the heavi­ secretary of education by the UAME General higher education; the issue is the future of est concentration of interstate highway and Conference. In addition, Dr. Bowman has the nation. waterway systems within the United States, been a member of the faculty at Boulden America's best hope for economic prosper­ would oppose the Norfolk Southern's bid to Academy and Seminary since 1947. ity is education. Growing competition in the establish for the first time a single-delivery international market place can only be met rail network in this same region for the pur­ Since coming to New Haven in 1971, Dr. through more-not less-educational oppor­ pose of providing an efficient, cost-competi­ Bowman has been highly active in community tunity. Research and technological develop­ tive, tax-paying rail transportation system. work and the city government. He is the ments are needed to produce the jobs of the The weighty subsidized interstate highway Protestant chaplain for the New Haven city future, and quality education is needed to and waterway systems east of the Mississip­ Police Department and the former chairman of develop the talents of all our young people pi River were a major factor in the railroad the city of New Haven's Board of Ethics. In to meet the challenges of the future. bankruptcies which contributed to the birth addition, Dr. Bowman is a former member of And yet, education is being held accounta­ of Conrail. This railroad has paid no federal the Greater New Haven YMCA's Board of Di­ ble for deficits which it did not create. From income taxes since it was created, and will 1980 to 1986 the federal deficit doubled in not do so under Morgan Stanley, i.e., as op­ rectors and a current member of Chapter 346 constant dollars while education expendi­ posed to Norfolk Southern who paid over of the International Rotary Club. A theologian tures declined by 16 percent. Reductions in $150 million in federal taxes for 1984. and teacher of high distinction, he has been a student aid include the elimination of social and Mrs. Fran Willard logistics and coordination; cently in New York and manage to survive HON. CHARLES ROSE Mrs. Mary Bruce awards. "bread and butter" as a grape grower is the Thursday, April17, 1986 "These key individuals will supply the Taylor Wine Co. and their Lake Country force behind our conference this year," Mr. Series of wines. These wines are called non­ Mr. ROSE. Mr. Speaker, the North Carolina Mack said. premium or popular-priced. Such wines and World Trade Association will hold its 22d In explaining this year's conference their counterparts from California and annual conference beginning April 30, in Wil­ theme, the NCWTA president noted: other states account for 79% of domestic mington, DC, with serious issues on its "The character of today's economy dic­ production. Call them jug, call them cheap, agenda, and I want to call those issues to the tates a re-evaluation of thinking by the attention of the Members. They have been entire international shipping community in call them what you want; but do not call for regards to global trading. Protectionism, the an additional tax on them. They are sold to o:Jtlined by Robert J. Mack, a Wilmington busi­ fluctuation of the dollar, overseas crises, the a very price sensitive segment of our popula­ nessman and president of the North Carolina cost of marketing, the price of 'not' market­ tion. Any decline in sales will result in a World Trade Association, in an article in Caro­ ing are all issues facing each and every one direct reduction in grapes needed by the lina Cargo, which I am including with my re­ involved in international commerce. vintners. That will mean more vineyards marks. The article also mentions a distin­ "Whether it be a custom house broker, a abandoned, bankrupted or foreclosed. guished group of Wilmington business people freight forwarder, a steamship agent or a If we assumed that the proposed excise who will make the meeting a success, includ­ port official, problems arise daily which tax will decrease the sales of non-premium ing Peter Brown Ruffin, the honorary chair­ have to be addressed ... and sometimes the wines by 20%, even only briefly, there will man, who is called, accurately, "one of North solutions are not always evident," he said. be, in New York, no need for approximately "The same is even more true for the ship­ Carolina's most distinguished shipping execu­ pers themselves or the manufacturer con­ 14,000 tons of grapes. That translates into tives." over 3,000 acres, 150 people and 50-75 farms. templating shipping. It is no longer easy for Grapes are perennial and capital intensive. The article follows: these companies to compete internationally. One does not get in and get out. If the vine­ NORTH CAROLINA WORLD TRADE ASSOCIATION "North Carolina's traditional industries yards are abandoned or lost one year they 22D ANNUAL CONFERENCE have suffered the consequences more than can not be resurrected the next without WILMINGTON, NC.-Peter B. Ruffin, one of most in this country. Textile firms are clos­ great financial inputs. North Carolina's most distinguished ship­ ing and tobacco farmers are having to diver­ ping executives, will serve as Honorary sify their crops to survive. Some will say that rather than increase "These are just some of the many issues the retail price the industry should and can Chairman of the 1986 Annual North Caroli­ na World Trade Association Conference be­ we hope to cover at this year's North Caroli­ absorb the tax and not pass it on to the con­ ginning April 30th in Wilmington, N.C. na World Trade Association conference. Our sumer. As growers we suspect that an at­ The announcement was made on Feb. 10, speakers are being asked to address the tempt will be made to pass part of the tax in 1986 by Robert J. Mack, president of the 'hard choices' facing us and offer some con­ our direction. We can not absorb a further NCWTA, who stated that Mr. Ruffin's ac­ crete answers as to how to make the 'right' decline in the prices we receive for our ceptance of this role in this year's confer­ choices when they encounter them," Mr. grapes. The expenses for cultural inputs ence was the "cornerstone to a truly suc­ Mack said. have increased to the point where it costs cessful meeting here in the Port City." over $1100.00 an acre to operate a vineyard The N.C. World Trade Association's in New York. The 5 ton per acre average annual meeting will be held at the Wilming­ BLAME FOR THE LIABILITY yield does not cover those costs with $139.00 ton Hilton Inn, April 30-May 1, 2. This INSURANCE CRISIS per ton grapes. <1985 estimate>. There is no year's theme is "Global Trade-The Hard more blood in this stone; ask our bankers, Choices." Early reservations for the confer­ they may well be the grape farmers of the ence can be made by calling Marcy Hege at HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE future. Associated Services in Raleigh, N.C., <919) OF NEW YORK 851-2901. It seems that the federal government, in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES its collective wisdom, wishes to sacrifice part "Since Mr. Ruffin has spent most of his of its agricultural heritage in some type of adult life in Wilmington as part of the ship­ Thursday, April17, 1986 Peter to Paul exchange that they can call ping and maritime community, it is only ap­ propriate that he be the honorary chairman Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, the crisis in the tax reform. There will still be wine here, it of the 1986 world trade meeting," Mr. Mack liability insurance industry has exploded will pour in from Europe, Argentina, Chile said. beyond the ability of States to effectively regu­ and from nearly everywhere else in the Mr. Ruffin serves as chairman of the late it. Insurance regulation, traditionally rel­ world that grapes are grown. Dollars will board of Wilmington Shipping Company. egated to the States, needs to be critically pour out into foreign treasuries. Wine im­ He served as chief executive officer of the and objectively examined by this body. ports have already risen to 30% of the do­ company from the time of its founding in It is imperative that this inquiry be conduct­ mestic market. The juice and wine industry 1945, to October 1983. of this country imported 7,512,982 gallons of Wilmington Shipping Company operates a ed in an objective manner. I fear, however, grape concentrate in 1985. As grape growers branch in Morehead City, N.C. under the that the predetermined conclusions of the we will see more and more of cheap, import­ name of Morehead City Shipping Company. media and the Reagan administration's own ed concentrate go into domestic wines at our Its subsidiary, Southern Overseas Corpora­ task force on tort reform have prevented this expense. tion, is a custom house broker and foreign necessary objectivity. Serious investigation Perhaps with the hoped for increase in freight forwarder with offices in Wilming­ into the practices of the insurance industry is revenues the federal government might con­ ton, Morehead City, Charlotte, and Norfolk, essential, and we must not blindly accept the sider a whole vineyard buy out plan and Va., Charleston, S.C., and Savannah, Ga. assertions and anecdotes of those who blame save us all some agony. This tax will be re­ Other key committees and chair persons the tort system as the lone culprit in creating gressive in it's effect on the New York grape were also named by Mr. Mack for this year's conference. They include: and proliferating the liability insurance crisis. industry. Many factors have created this crisis, not the It will cause: Tim B. Malaney programs; cannot abdicate our responsibilities as fact base. Ms. Barbara Blanton entertainment/recrea­ try's highly effective media campaigns. It will not cause: tion; Mrs. Tim Malaney, spouses' programs; A reduction in the national debt. Joseph Augustine and Gayle and Carter, is also deeply concerned about Thank you for your time and concern. Johnson worked with asbestos made by more people can recover in certain auto-accident INTRODUCTION OF FARM than one manufacturer, he can recover his cases, however, we got the data, and we pro­ CREDIT SYSTEM BORROWERS damages from any of those manufactures, vided an alternative compensation system and it is then up to the asbestos makers to for injured people whose recovery would be RIGHTS ACT settle among themselves. Under the admin­ limited. istration's proposal, if the mesothelioma We did this because we found that severe­ HON. JIM ROSS LIGHTFOOT victim cannot establish the degree to which ly injured people received only about half OF IOWA each asbestos manufacturer contributed to their out-of-pocket loss under the tort his injury, he recovers nothing from any system, while those with relatively slight in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES manufacturer. juries received five times their out-of-pocket Thursday, April17, 1986 Limiting contingency fees. Plaintiff's law­ loss. Our recommendation to eliminate the yers, who today typically get one-third of right of people with limited damages to sue Mr. LIGHTFOOT. Mr. Speaker, enough time the total recovery if they win and nothing if but in exchange to guarantee them prompt has now elapsed for us to see inadequacies in they lose, could receive no more than 10 payment of their economic damages made the Farm Credit System restructuring legisla­ percent of any verdict above $3,000. Defense sense; capping awards, which would limit tion we passed late last year. In the haste to lawyers, on the other hand, who are paid by the amount recoverable by the severely in­ preserve. the Farm Credit System [FCS], I'm the hour and thus have an incentive to keep jured-who were already being undercom­ afraid Congress may have been more worried their meter running, would not have their pensated-would have been cruel and non­ about saving the system than about saving fees limited. sensical. Perhaps even more unusual than the To what extent are victims of business, the borrowers, even though the legislation Post's conception of what is sensible is the professional and medical negligence being was passed with the best of intentions. reasoning it uses to conclude that compen­ compensated under the present system? We The time has come to make some adjust­ sation to severely injured people should be don't know because the insurance industry ments in that legislation, for the sake of the limited. Because nurse-midwives can't get has continually refused to disclose how vic- borrowers who depend on the Farm Credit April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8023 System. For that reason, I'm introducing legis­ agement Act of 1986. This bill, which was de­ John F. Kennedy was right when he said lation today to better protect FCS borrowers' veloped with the guidance of hundreds of ten­ that: rights. ants and community leaders, gives public One of the greatest challenges of the next The measure will protect borrowers in sev­ housing residents greater control over the decade is the challenge to provide a decent eral ways. It ensures that borrowers have management of public housing communities home in a decent neighborhood for every access to information affecting them. Although and allows them to set up resident manage­ American. the Farm Credit System restructuring legisla­ ment groups. If we pass this legislation, we can begin to tion we passed provided some assurances in Our bill trims regulations, streamlines resi­ meet that challenge and turn some troubled this regard, better guidelines are needed. dent management certification and bonding housing communities into pictures of working The bill will also prevent the FCS from fore­ procedures, and allows public housing resi­ and living and hope. closing or accelerating loans if borrowers are dent groups to retain any savings they make able to become current on their loans. I've in operating and maintaining their communi­ heard repeated accounts of noncooperative ties. This creates a new and powerful incen­ A TRIBUTE TO DR. KENNETH B. behavior on the part of Farm Credit System tive for public housing communities to become CLARK institutions in such matters. There is no more efficient, better managed, and more re­ reason that the Farm Credit System cannot sit sponsive to the needs of the residents them­ down and negotiate with borrowers. selves. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Furthermore, my legislation will guarantee a We know that resident management works OF NEW YORK farm family's right to retain their home and up because we have seen many examples of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to 10 adjoining acres for at least 3 years, pro­ how residents reduced costs, improved main­ Thursday, April17, 1986 viding reasonable rent is paid and the farm­ tenance and the quality of life, created new land remains in operation. jobs and opportunities, and even ameliorated Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay trib­ Finally, I've discovered a problem with the difficult problems such as drug abuse and ute to Dr. Kenneth B. Clark, a truly great edu­ use and disposal of FCS-owned land. To teenage pregnancy levels. cator who has retired from the New York ensure fairness, the legislation will require Once public housing residents have taken State Board of Regents. FCS to offer any land they intend to sell control over their communities, perhaps reduc­ Dr. Clark is best known for his research in through local realtors on a competitive listing ing high operating costs and making their 1954 on the damaging psychological effects basis. It will also require leases to be accept­ communities more desirable, many residents of the "separate but equal" doctrine. He pre­ ed on a competitive basis. In light of plummet­ will want to own their homes. Our second bill, sented evidence that racially segregated edu­ ing land values in the Midwest, the bill would the Urban Homestead Act of 1986, lays the cation in and of itself inhibits the intellectual also prevent FCS from selling land it holds if foundation for resident management groups growth of black children. The myth that quality those sales would further depress local land who want to own their homes. education could be provided in separate facili­ values. Our legislation would give every resident ties was exploded by Dr. Clark. It was his Although it is tempting for Congress to view group the guaranteed opportunity to purchase report that was instrumental in persuading the the issue of Farm Credit System legislation as their homes at a 75 percent discount and with Supreme Court to end racial segregation in closed, I urge your consideration and cospon­ no money down. But we also provide assur­ the classrooms. sorship of this relatively simple, yet important ances and protection for non-buying residents. Kenneth Clark later served the New York measure. Farm borrowers of the Farm Credit Our legislation guarantees that no public Board of Regents for 20 years, strengthening System still need our help. housing resident may be evicted if he or she education standards for children in New York. does not want to purchase their home. Resi­ He never compromised his belief in academic dent management groups will also be provid­ excellence. His most fundamental belief was THE URBAN HOMESTEAD ACT ed with training, and with technical and man­ that all students, regardless of race or class, OF 1986 AND PUBLIC HOUSING agement assistance, to prepare them for as­ should be given an equal chance to achieve. RESIDENT MANAGEMENT ACT suming the responsibilities of homeownership. This was his ideal, and this was his goal. OF 1986 Both the Urban Homestead Act and the Mr. Speaker, New Yorkers will miss Dr. Public Housing Resident Management Act of Clark. I wish him the very best in the future. I HON. JACK F. KEMP 1986 are integral parts of one strategy: To submit the following article for inclusion in the OF NEW YORK empower public housing residents with greater CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES control over their lives, their homes, and their [From the New York Times, Mar. 24, 19861 neighborhoods. Both bills could strengthen Thursday, April17, 1986 the ability of millions of renters to become A CONSCIENCE OF EDUCATION Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, the chance to own successful homeowners. Dr. Kenneth B. Clark, the educator, is a home has long been considered one of the But the core purpose of this legislation con­ perhaps best known for a study of the dam­ cerns more than just buildings and homes. aging psychological consequences of "sepa­ underpinnings in the stability of the democrat­ rate but equal" schooling, a study that in ic system, causing families to aspire and save, Homeownership means bringing some tangi­ 1954 helped persuade the Supreme Court to and providing equity and new faith in free en­ ble results of the economic recovery to outlaw racial segregation in public schools. terprise. people of modest means. It means giving low­ But over the years, New York has benefit­ Today, I am joining together with Congress­ income Americans some hope and a sense of ed mightily from Dr. Clark's 20 years of man FAUNTROY and a group of my colleages accomplishment. It means fostering the spirit service on its state Board of Regents. His re­ to sponsor two bills to extend the dream of of community in troubled neighborhoods by tirement from the board last week marks homeownership to thousands, perhaps mil­ multiplying those invisible bonds of respect, the departure of a soft-spoken but effective companionship, and caring among men and advocate of quality education for all stu­ lions, of low-income familites in public housing dents. projects. We share a strong belief that home­ women. It means greater stability in home life. In debates of educational standards, he ownership is not just for higher income Ameri­ It means civic pride, greater security, and a never pleaded for relaxing them for the cans. It's a dream shared by all Americans, real stake in the free enterprise economy. sake of the disadvantaged. Keep standards regardless of income and background. And This is not the last word in housing policy, high, he said, but make sure the underprivi­ we believe government should do all it can to and we remain ready and willing to improve leged get the opportunity to achieve them. facilitate broad ownership of housing to as and adapt our legislation as necessary. But He is therefore satisfied that the Regents many Americans as possible, especially low­ we have broad, bipartisan support for the Action Plan, which stiffened high school goals of this legislation. Liberal and conserva­ graduation requirements, puts the state on income families. These families face large fi­ the right track for educational reform. Dis­ nancial barriers to owning their home, not the tive, Democrats and Republicans and Inde­ appointed that local school boards have not least of which is their inability to deduct mort­ pendents, blacks, minorities, and whites alike, met the needs of disadvantaged students, he gage interest and property taxes. Congress and the administration-all can join now proposes that "chronically undera­ First, Congressman FAUNTROY and I are co­ enthusiastically in extending the dream of chieving" schools be placed under the Re­ sponsoring the Public Housing Resident Man- homeownership to more Americans. gent's direct authority.

71-059 0-87-22 (Pt. 6) 8024 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 Dr. Clark's combination of compassion create others. Clearly, DRG's have worked to marijuana growing on the contiguous land and unflagging devotion to educational lower costs to the Medicare system which area once it is added to the park. quality led his colleagues to describe him as was essential to avert the imminent bankrupt­ Over the past 5 years, this important tract the "conscience" of the board. He will, no doubt, continue to espouse provocative, con­ cy of the Medicare trust funds which loomed of land has also been the focus of other ac­ troversial and sensible ideas. But his day-to­ so ominously several years ago. However it is tivities. In early 1982, its owner revealed plans day involvement in efforts to improve edu­ interesting to note the fact that the latest pro­ for large-scale geothermal development on cation's equality will be widely missed. jections of the trustees of the Medicare funds the land. Approximately 50 geothermal wells indicate that the date of bankruptcy has sud­ were proposed as close as 1,000 feet from denly moved forward to 1996 perhaps indicat­ the park boundary. Four proposed power­ MEDICARE PART A DEDUCTIBLE ing that the impact of DRG's have run their plants were to be located within 4,000 feet of TO RISE-HERE WE GO AGAIN! course. the park. While the State of Hawaii recognizes Meanwhile fundamental issues related to the need to develop alternatives to non­ HON. MARIO BIAGGI quality of care for seniors continue to be renewable energy resources and has empha­ OF NEW YORK raised. Our Aging Committee has documented sized this need through State legislation, we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a number of cases involving the premature also recognize the importance of maintaining Thursday, April17, 1986 discharge of seniors from hospitals. The so­ the integrity of Hawaii's largest national park. called quicker and sicker problem appears to The adverse effects of geothermal emissions, Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, as an original be a growing one across the Nation and must surface disturbance, noise, odor, and vista im­ member of the House Select Committee on be addressed. Now we learn that another pairment in close proximity to the park would Aging, I am outraged over preliminary reports quality of care issue, higher out-of-pocket have serious consequences. Such develop­ from the Department of Health and Human costs to elderly Medicare recipients, may be ment would cause the deterioration of native Services which indicate that the Medicare part another outgrowth of DRG's which must be A deductible may jump to $572 from the cur­ plant and animal communities, fragmentation addressed. of the ohia fern forest essential for endan­ rent $492 on January 1, 1987. I hope on a bipartisan fashion we can work This dramatic increase of almost 17 percent gered native bird survival, degradation of the to avert an increase of this type from occur­ wilderness quality of the east rift and Kala­ comes as millions of senior citizens are reel­ ring several months from now. HHS has done ing from the effects of the 23-percent in­ pans extension areas, and destruction of its job by warning us about the possibility. Let present and future visitors' perceptions of the crease in the deductible which took effect on us do our job for the seniors of our Nation January 1 of this year. When you consider the park. and pass appropriate legislation to protect After 2 years of searching for a means to past 2 years and the expected increase for them from continued financial abuse associat­ next year, the increase is in excess of 50 per­ satisfy these competing interests, a solution ed with never ending increases in out-of­ has been found that will allow geothermal de­ cent. pocket costs to participate in Medicare. Meanwhile the main source of income for velopment while removing its adverse effects many of these seniors, Social Security, has from the immediate vicinity of the park. In De­ seen its benefits increase by just over 7 per­ LEGISLATION TO PROTECT cember 1984, on the recommendation of the cent. Expectations about the 1987 COLA do HAWAII VOLCANOES NATIONAL State board of land and natural resources, the not indicate that the rate will be much above 3 PARK owner of this tract was encouraged to consid­ to 4 percent based on inflation. er a land exchange with the State of Hawaii. The fact is, we must take steps now to HON. DANIEL K. AKAKA At the same time, the State encouraged the avert a catastrophe which will affect millions National Park Service to find a way of acquir­ OF HAWAII ing the tract for inclusion into Hawaii Volca­ of seniors on January 1 if this increase is al­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lowed to take effect. It is time to put a cap on noes National Park. The State of Hawaii then the part A deductible increase-a cap which is Thursday, April17, 1986 began to consider the possibility of a three­ based on the comparable percentage of the Mr. AKAKA. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ party land exchange with the Federal Govern­ Social Security COLA for a given year. Last ducing legislation to enhance and protect one ment that would allow the National Park Serv­ year I cosponsored legislation authored by the of the Nation's most unique national treasures ice to acquire this important parcel contingent distinguished chairman of the House Select and one of my State's greatest visitor attrac­ upon the State and the landowner moving for­ Committee on Aging, Mr. RoYBAL, to impose tions-Hawaii Volcanoes National Park. This ward with their two-party exchange. such a limit. Next week I intend to introduce measure will enable the Hawaii Volcanoes Na­ After several meetings among the State, the an identical bill to limit the increase to the tional Park to acquire a 5,650-acre tract adja­ National Park Service, and the landowner, I Social Security COLA. In order to offset the cent to its present boundaries. come to you today to tell you that such an lost revenues, my bill will propose an increase The parcel of land, which is presently agreement can be achieved. However, Con­ in the Federal cigarette tax with all revenues unused, has been the National Park Service's gress must enact legislation to allow the De­ earmarked to the Medicare hospital trust acquisition priority in the Pacific area for more partment of the Interior to become a third funds. than a decade. This tree-fern rainforest, popu­ party to this exchange agreement. According to the Washington Post, one of lated with native ohia, contains the habitat of We should remember that Congress recog­ the reasons given for this projected increase the endangered Hawaiian Hawk and Hawaiian nized the need to adjust the boundaries of the relates to the prospective payment system Ou as well as several other species found Hawaii Volcanoes National Park through the adopted for Medicare in 1983. As the article only in the Hawaiian archipelago. Congress addition of adjacent lands early in the park's states: identified the parcel as suitable for "potential history. In 1938, Congress passed legislation Ironically, the prospective increase results wilderness" in 1978. Except for its non-Feder­ that allowed the Secretary of the Interior to from success in holding down Medicare's al status, the tract possesses all the neces­ add adjacent tracts to the park if, in the dis­ preadmission costs and reducing average sary attributes for wilderness designation. cretion of the Secretary, they are judged to be lengths of stay. Increases in the first day While these considerations are enough to "necessary for the proper rounding out" of payment are based on the average Medicare warrant the inclusion of this tract within the the boundaries. While the Secretary has had costs per hospital stay. A new Medicare system for paying hospitals gives them a national park, there is a different but equally this discretionary power for nearly 50 years, flat fee for each stay, providing an incentive important concern which should be known. he has been restricted by the provision that to discharge patients quickly. With length The growing of marijuana on this tract poses allowed acquisition of certain tracts through of stays declining, but payment per stay re­ a serious threat to public safety. Marijuana donation only. maining constant the first day is now a growers often booby trap their patches to in­ The reasons for limiting the acquisition of larger proportion of the total payment. The timidate anyone who might inadvertently come adjacent parcels to donated land have long average hospital stay is under 9 days. upon their illegal activity. Park Service vigi­ been forgotten. The public accepts and sup­ This represents but another in a steady lance has eradicated marijuana growing within ports this acquisition proposal. The people of number of examples of how the DRG system the confines of the Hawaii Volcanoes National Hawaii, the landowner, and the National Park has worked to partially solve one problem but Park and that same vigilance will also end Service agree that the time for acquisition is April 17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8025 now at hand. Times have changed and we of the New York Times aptly describes the di­ in Siberia. After his release he was arrested must change with the times. The three party lemma CFC is currently facing. again for returning to his home without a resi­ land transfer is the type of change that is ap­ [From the New York Times, Apr. 17, 1986] dence permit. This time, he was sentenced to propriate at this time; a time when no or low GENEROSITY WASHINGTON CAN AFFORD 3 years of internal exile. Following a brief cost acquisition alternatives are needed in the Armed with a favorable Supreme Court period of freedom, losif Begun was charged context of the Federal deficit. ruling, the Reagan Administration has fi­ with anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda, and The benefits of this legislation are self-evi­ nally succeeded in removing groups it sentenced to 7 years in a labor camp. dent. First, the 5,650-acre tract of virgin rain­ doesn't like from the roster of charitable or­ Given the number of Soviet Jews who have forest would become part of the Hawaii Volca­ ganizations that benefit from annual fund received similar treatment at the hands of the noes National Park, offering protection to en­ drives among Federal workers. Congress should reverse this narrow-minded policy. Soviet Government, it has become obvious dangered species and popular visitor attrac­ In the annual campaign, Federal employ­ that it is the intention of that Government to tions, allowing representation of this unique ees authorize payroll deductions for char­ stamp out Jewish cultural identification. By ar­ ecosystem in the National Park System, and ities listed by the Government or written in resting those who teach Hebrew and Jewish facilitating National Park Service administra­ by themselves. Last year the drive raised culture to young Jews in the Soviet Union, the tive control over the land for the purposes of $130 million for more than 150 national and Government seeks to prevent the continuation public safety. Second, and equally important, many more local charities. About $6 million of the Jewish heritage through another gen­ geothermal development could proceed in an went to groups serving minority, women's, environmental and other interests that were eration. The seriousness with which the Soviet area well removed from the park. Furthermore, added to the Government list in 1980 and Government has sought to suppress Jewish geothermal development could proceed imme­ 1981 at the initiative of the Carter Adminis­ culture is obvious in both its brutal treatment diately without the burden of continued hear­ tration. of Soviet Jews-especially those who pre­ ings, protests, appeals, and threats of court The Reagan Administration began at once serve and teach the proud Jewish tradition­ actions which have held development to a to try to roll back that policy and limit Fed­ and in the existence of such organizations as standstill over the past 4 years. Third, there eral employees' giving to organizations man­ the Anti-Zionist Committee of the Soviet would be no need to seek major appropriations aging health and welfare programs. In 1983 Public, which directs the official anti-Jewish it ordered the exclusion of organizations from Congress for the acquisition of the land at that engage in any "advocacy, lobbying or propaganda campaign. It is essential for those a time when budget considerations are on the litigation," a ruling promptly challenged on of us who are in a position to speak out minds of every Member of Congress. Finally, First Amendment grounds. Last July the against such a campaign to do so loudly, the more than 2% million visitors that come to Supreme Court ruled that the order was clearly, and as frequently as possible so that the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park from all constitutional but sent the case back to a the Soviet Government is aware that its activi­ parts of our Nation each year will enjoy the lower court to decide whether the executive ties are not something which they can hide order excluded groups solely because of from the rest of the world. benefit of an appropriate expansion of the their political views. State's natural treasures. Meanwhile, the Office of Personnel Man­ Last October, I wrote a letter to President Mr. Speaker, I hope my colleagues will join agement has issued new rules to eliminate Reagan urging him to bring up the case of Mr. me in this effort to preserve the pristine beauty all advocacy groups from this fall's cam­ Begun in his conversations with General Sec­ of this wilderness area. With this legislation, we paign and to prohibit write-ins. A measure retary Gorbachev during their summit in will ensure that future generations can continue before the House would restore all charities Geneva. My wife, Wren, helped to form the to enjoy the splendor of the Hawaii Volcanoes that participated in the last campaign. Such Congressional Spouses Committee of 21 National Park. looser rules would express Government's along with the spouses of 20 other U.S. Rep­ generosity of spirit at a time when it has chosen not to be particularly generous in resentatives. As part of her committee work, spending. Wren adopted Mr. Begun and has correspond­ ed regularly with both him and his family for the past year. She has also written to both SPIRIT OF GIVING? HOUSE CALL TO CONSCIENCE President Reagan and General Secretary Gor­ VIGIL: IOSIF BEGUN bachev about the plight of Mr. Begun and his family. These efforts have not yet resulted in HON. ROBERT GARCIA HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH success. However, given the recent release of OF COLORADO OF NEW YORK Anatoly Shcharansky, I am encouraged about IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the potential for gaining losif's freedom if we IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, April17, 1986 continue to pressure the Soviet Government to respect its citizens' basic human rights. Thursday, April17, 1986 Mr. WIRTH. Mr. Speaker, I welcome this op­ Mr. Speaker, it is imperative that we con­ portunity to light once again the tragic yet vince the Soviet Union that we are serious Mr. GARCIA. Mr. Speaker, in the next sev­ heroic case of Soviet prisoner-of-conscience eral days, the House will consider the supple­ when we speak about the basic rights of losif Begun. To some, such repetitive appeals human beings. They must realize that whether mental appropriations for fiscal year 1987. to the Soviet Government may seem futile. One of the topics to be discussed is the Con­ we express our concern in terms of appeals However, the recent release of prisoner-of­ to their sense of humanity or in concrete dip­ bined Federal Campaign [CFC] which has conscience Anatoly Shcharansky is evidence proven over the years to be highly effective in lomatic, political, and economic policies, their that public outcry and political pressure can harsh treatment of Soviet Jews will continue collecting large amount of contributions from be effective in forcing the Soviet Union to live Federal workers for charitable organizations. to color our perceptions of every activity that up to its obligations under the Helsinki human they undertake. The Office of Personnel Management has rights accords. fought to change the regulations governing Mr. Begun has spent 8 of the last 14 years the Combined Federal Campaign to drastically of his life in internal exile and in labor camps, SALUTE TO PAST PRESIDENTS limit the number of charitable organizations all of this for the crime of applying to emigrate OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOP­ which would be allowed to participate in the to Israel in 1971. Subsequent to his visa appli­ MENT COUNCIL OF NORTH­ CFC. cation, Mr. Begun was stripped of his job. The EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA The CFC has experienced a 50-percent in­ Soviet Government refused to hire him and he crease in total donations since it opened up to was effectively barred from working except in HON. PAUL E. KANJORSKI a broader cross section of charities in the a nongovernment, and thus unofficial, capac­ OF PENNSYLVANIA early 1980's. The OPM's new regulations ity. Mr. Begun gave Hebrew and Jewish cul­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would drastically decrease the amount of con­ ture lessons, an occupation for which he was tributions from the Federal workers. Moreover, vilified in the Soviet media. In 1977, he was Thursday, April17, 1986 the regulations would discriminate against the arrested for being unemployed, a situation Mr. KANJORSKI. Mr. Speaker, the Econom­ many organizations that would be excluded. which the Soviet Government had made un­ ic Development Council of Northeastern Penn­ The attached commentary from April 17 issue avoidable. Mr. Begun served 2 years of exile sylvania (EDCNP) is a regional research, plan- 8026 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 ning, and development organization serving Paul R. Stewart...... 1978-79 local Kiwanis Club, the Elks, the Mason's, the the seven counties of Carbon, Lackawanna, Vivian P. Edwards, Jr...... 1979-81 Scottish Rite, and the Knight Templar. Luzerne, Monroe, Pike, Schuylkill, and Wayne Roy E. Morgan ...... 1981-83 Sandurn Sutherland make it difficult for some, and impossible forego the welfare of our American people. I A Chinese Tale for other private producers of wealth, to re­ hope that through the study on preferred Once upon a time there were, in China, inforce their enterprise by borrowing. postal rates, we would be more certain of two great cities: Chin and Chan. They were The quality of credit in a country cannot the absolute necessity of maintaining that connected by a magnificent canal. One day be higher than that of the government. special partnership between the government the Emperor sent for his chief mandarin, Therefore, the deterioration of the govern­ and the nonprofit organizations. Ching, and said: "Look yonder". Ching ment's credit adversely affects every single Today, I would like to speak on behalf of opened his eyes and looked. And he saw producer in the country. the public libraries, the unions, and the mi­ scores of barges laden with cargo, plying be­ The canal carrying the trade between nority nonprofit organizations that would tween the ports of Chin and Chan. The Em­ Chin and Chan symbolizes a national econo­ be severely impacted by any further reduc­ peror then commanded: "We must stop that my that respects the principle of fiscal tions in revenue foregone appropriations. traffic, in order to increase employment in policy. By deviating from this principle, the Basically, the greatest threat of eliminating the Celestial Empire. You will have huge government puts the canal out of service. or further reducing revenue foregone appro­ blocks of stone thrown into the canal to put The blocks of stone symbolize the higher priations is to the freedom of the press. Li­ it out of service." At first Ching did not see rate of interest which private producers of braries, unions, and minority nonprofit or­ the point, and said: "Son of Heaven, you are wealth pay after all the borrowing needs of ganization rely much on revenue foregone making a mistake." However, the Emperor's the government are satisfied. This would because a mission of paramount importance mind was made up, and he said: "Ching, do not stifle the national economy, but would to these organizations is distributing infor­ as you are bid. We are going to stimulate certainly render it more inefficient. mation. Libraries send braille and recorded the economy. You come back after three A dilution of the principle of fiscal policy books to users; unions send out important moons have passed, and take another look." is usually couched in a language which news that affects their members; minority When he came back, the Emperor said: would appeal to those susceptible to dema­ nonprofit organizations keep the minority "Look yonder." As he looked, Ching saw gogy. Deficit spending is called "priming the communities up-to-date with issues that thousands of carts and innumerable pedes­ pump", "an essential stimulus to the econo­ affect them. Certainly, these organizations trians carrying heavy burden on their shoul­ my", indispensable to the maintenance of are not receiving revenue subsidy unneces­ ders, as they were making their way from full employment. Yet it is clear that the sarily. We live in a democratic country that Chin to Chan, and from Chan to Chin. stimulus of deficit spending is at best dubi­ places much importance in making sure the They looked like a swarm of migrating ants. ous in the short run, and completely absent citizens are aware of issues that impact The Emperor declared: "It was the destruc­ in the long run. The short-term effects have them. These nonprofit organizations would tion of the canal that provided jobs for the nature of prestidigitation, as govern­ not be able to sustain themselves properly if these poor people. We shall make it public ment spending can be targeted to pockets of revenue foregone subsidy is eliminated or policy to stimulate the economy by all avail­ slow economic activity, in order to produce reduced such that they are forced to keep able means." Ching remarked in admiration: spectacular results. It is the long run effects up with the first class postal rates. Now, if "I should have never thought that the gov­ where the damage to the economy becomes we eliminate or reduce revenue foregone ap­ ernment could create so many jobs so quick­ visible. propriations, are we not restricting distribu­ ly and so easily." Accumulation of Public Debt versus tion of information to the American public? When the Emperor died, his successor Accumulation of Capital In light of the fact that Gramm-Rudman­ sent for Ching and ordered him to have the The accumulation of public debt is a con­ Hollings has already taken effect, it appears canal reopened. Ching prostrated himself venient trick through which a temporary April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8029 semblance of prosperity may be achieved. In THE HUNGER TELECONFERENCE BACKGROUND the long run, however, this policy will only REPORT World Food Day marks the anniversary of aggravate the situation, as it harms the FAO and is observed worldwide to focus at­ economy by weakening productive capacity. tention and action on international food se­ The longer the government succeeds in HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN curity. 1985 was the 40th anniversary of maintaining false prosperity by increasing public debt, the greater the ultimate OF NEW YORK FAO, the fifth World Food Day and the second WFD Teleconference. damage. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mainstream economists ridicule this con­ In the U.S., the National Committee for cern about the negative effects of the rising Thursday, April17, 1986 World Food Day is comprised of over 350 public debt on future economic growth. member organizations including the major There is no way-so the argument goes-to Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to American food, farm, education, religious, shift the economic burden to future genera­ bring to my colleagues' attention an excellent nutrition, and relief and development orga­ tions. You can only consume what has been report on the world hunger problem, the Exec­ nizations. The National Committee Office, a produced. Under these circumstances, how utive Summary of the Hunger Teleconference small resource center in Washington, DC, can a nation live beyond its means? This ar­ Report. This report offers important informa­ facilitates WFD planning in the U.S. The gument is designed to appeal to simpletons. tion to Members of Congress who wish to Office plays a unique role as a clearing­ The basis for all economic growth, rising better understand the hunger issue and draft house on food/farm/hunger issues by help­ real per capita income, increased production ing to disseminate the collective resoruces and consumption, is the result of entrepre­ legislation to alleviate this problem. and expertise of member groups and local neurs investing their own and other people's Mr. Speaker, I request that at this point in WFD planners to the public at large. funds in more and better tools, which per­ the RECORD the full text of the Executive mits a steady increase in man-hour produc­ Summary of the 1985 Hunger Teleconference THE STUDY/ ACTION PACKET tivity. Economic growth, and a rising stand­ Report be inserted: The WFD StudyI Action Packet was com­ ard of living, are ultimately dependent upon piled by the University of Illinois with as­ uninhibited capital accumulation. ExECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THE 1985 HUNGER sistance from a panel of hunger experts and Capital accumulation, however, is not an TELECONFERENCE REPORT academicians from 1984 teleconference sites. automatic process regulated by mother On World Food Day, October 16, over 200 As an adaptable resource, the Packet con­ nature. To produce capital goods-factories colleges, universities and other institutions tained fact sheets, annotated bibliographies and machinery-a corresponding amount of participated in the 1985 World Food Day and inserts from National Committee mem­ productive facilities must be released from Teleconference. A "North American Town bers, AID and the World Bank. · other employment. It is not enough that Meeting" on food, hunger and agricultural The Packet served as an aid to curriculum technology and know-how is available to issues, the three-hour event linked thou­ building on agricultural development, and create new factories and modern machinery. sands of participants in the U.S. and as a backgrounder for the issues of WFD Investors and businessmen must be willing Canada with a panel of international ex­ 1985. These included: to accumulate capital by doing the neces­ perts at the studios of George Washington The relationship between poverty and sary investing. Furthermore, the creation of University Television in Washing­ hunger. credit must not be confused with capital ac­ ton, DC. While the live, interactive sites The impact of environmental degradation cumulation. People see idle factories and were the primary teleconference audience, and resource depletion on food security. wonder why they cannot be used to produce several million additional viewers saw the The means to achieving long-term, sus­ the much-needed goods, with the aid of program on cable, Educational Television, tainable agricultural development. easier credit, if necessary. They fail to un­ The Learning Channel and Public Broad­ In addition to the teleconference sites, derstand that the plants have become obso­ casting Service stations. hundreds of other colleges nationwide re­ lete because adequate reserves were not set On the local level, the teleconference ceived the Packet. Numerous community aside for depreciation and replacement. Or, linked campus and community; on the na­ and professional groups as the USDA Ex­ if it is a new plant, people fail to understand tional level, participants who might never tension Service also used this resource for that its construction in the first place was meet face to face joined one another in a si­ information and training. Based on site re­ based on a miscalculation due to the false multaneous exchange through the use of ports, the Packet saw wide interdisciplinary signal of easy credit. Rising costs have made satellite technology to discuss policies and use, and strengthened the role of the a profitable operation impossible. People action against hunger. The event's most im­ campus as a community resource center. At find it hard to see the thin edge of the portant results were the following: <1> Citi­ the University of Missouri-Columbia, for ex­ wedge between capital accumulation and zens from local communities participated in ample, 800 copies of the document were re­ capital decumulation. the formulation of local, national and inter­ produced and distributed to college depart­ Capital decumulation, therefore, is the national policies. <2> Participants' recom­ ments ranging from English to Agriculture, result of government action, such as the de­ mendations indicated that there is wide con­ as well as to Extension professionals parture from the principle of fiscal policy. sensus on the elements of those policies. throughout the state. As the government creates more money and The second annual WFD Teleconference credit through deficit spending, prices and was designed to give sites a hands-on experi­ PLANNING THE TELECONFERENCE PROGRAM wages rise. Operating costs tend to rise ence in participatory democracy through Planning for the teleconference began in faster than revenues, thus reducing profits. interaction with local, national and interna­ February 1985 and continued throughout The result is idle factories and idle men. In tional leaders. Expanding the scope and the year with assistance from the National short, the effect of deficit spending is more impact of a prototype teleconference, the University Teleconference Network of the same condition that it was supposed sites' recommendations and questions to the ; interruption when then call for more deficit spending, to United Nations Food and Agriculture Orga­ of the broadcast in the middle hour to create still more idle capacity and more un­ nization . the U.S. Agency for Inter­ permit sites to conduct their own discus­ employment. national Development . members of sions, debates, etc.; return to the satellite Kick the Garbage Upstairs Congress and to the teleconference sites and broadcast in the third hour for an interac­ There are those economists who suggest other WFD planners in the U.S. and tive question and answer period between the that the process of deficit spending can con­ Canada. sites and panel . public debt need never be repaid. It can go proceedings of the telecast and the panel­ The teleconference program, hosted by on growing indefinitely, as long as a stable ists' written responses to summary ques­ TV/film star Eddie Albert, featured: relation between the debt and the gross na­ tions, the Report is the final component in M. Peter McPherson, Administrator of tional product is maintained. In the Ninth the 1985 WFD Teleconference Cycle. This AID. Pillar, we shall see why this is a fallacy. Cycle, funded by AID through a Biden-Pell Senator Paul Sarbanes . member Here we may content ourselves with the ob­ development education grant, included of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. servation that accumulating debt at the ex­ preparation of the background StudyI Barbara Huddleston, Chief of the Food pense of accumulating capital is like dump­ Action Packet and the teleconference pro­ Security and Information Service of FAO. ing garbage in the attic. At one point, the gram itself, in addition to assisting local or­ Marie Savane, President of the Associa­ attic is bound to give way, and all the gar­ ganizers in their plans for activities sur­ tion of African Women for Research on De­ bage will come crashing down. rounding the teleconference. velopment in Dakar, Senegal. 8030 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 Renee Poussaint (moderator), Emmy M. Peter McPherson: a description of U.S. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACTION award-winning news anchorwoman of emergency assistance to Africa in the past Teleconference sites were asked to share WJLA-TV, the ABC-TV affiliate in Wash­ year, and ongoing AID development pro­ recommendations for action in the following ington. grains undertaken in the Third World with areas: U.S. Government, International Com­ LOCAL SITE PROGRAMS assistance from the Private Voluntary Orga­ munity, Food Crisis Governments, Colleges Teleconference sites applied the event for nizations. Mr. McPherson explained a policy and Universities and Local Community their own institutional and community error common in many developing countries Action. The following themes recurred: goals. However, they were encouraged to in­ of providing cheap food to politicized and Criticism of military spending over sup­ clude local and domestic hunger issues in potentially volatile urban populations at the port for hunger-related programs. their mid-hour discussions, as these topics expense of poor farmers in the countryside. Criticism of politicized aid/development were not a primary focus of the national He emphasized the importance of producer programs and use of food as a "weapon." program. The range of activities at many incentives, and the role of AID in providing The need for increased education and sites required day-long, week-long, and even intermediate-term support to countries un­ training. month-long prograins. Several colleges re­ dergoing a transition in policy towards pric­ The need for improved food distribution. ported plans to institutionalize WFD activi­ ing reforiDS. Regarding American public The efficiency of small farmers, and the ties and curriculum building on a year­ opinion on continuing foreign asssistance need for technologically and culturally ap­ round basis. during a period of domestic cut-backs, Mr. propriate agricultural prograins. The diversity of site programs received ex­ McPherson stated that the U.S. Govern­ As in 1984, sites charged the U.S. with set­ tensive coverage in the full Report, with ment and AID must be more aggressive in ting an international example against particular emphasis on joint planning be­ promoting foreign assistance as something hunger, but this year, they were much more tween campus and community groups to use the American public can buy into, but that outspoken in addressing domestic hunger, as the event as a community-wide resource; African governments must also assume well. Sites criticized U.S. Government poli­ curriculum integration; involvement of off­ more responsibility for their future. cies of military expenditures rather than campus groups; and local media outreach. Paul Sarbanes: a summary of Congression­ support for domestic and international agri­ The WFD "North American Town Meet­ al action on foreign assistance, particularly culture and development prograins, and con­ ing" saw parallels at the local level; some to Africa, and discussion of the important demned politicization of food aid. They site programs were individual town meetings role of the American public in influencing voiced strong support for American farmers, involving mayors, state and national Repre­ and urged the Government to prevent the sentatives and other officials in discussion policy on both domestic and international of local food issues, and several participat­ hunger. Sen. Sarbanes made note of the fact further demise of the American family ing institutions broadcast their own mid­ that many probleins confronting the Ameri­ farm. Finally, sites urged policy-makers in hour programs regionally, in at least one can farmer are not due to development pro­ the U.S. to reorient their planning to the case with a local call-in. Sites emphasized grams abroad, but to causes such as the long-term, placing greater emphasis on edu­ the theme of "local-global links" in their ac­ overvalued dollar and competition from cation and training in development pro­ tivities, and sought to inform participants other developed countries. Instead, he grains more sensitive to appropriate tech­ on similarities among local, domestic and pointed out that international development nologies and cultural norins. international food issues. has been proven to increase foreign markets Regarding the International Community, The Teleconference Cycle made signifi­ for American goods, including foodstuffs, the major concern of sites was improved co­ cant progress in assisting college faculty because as countries develop, they are able operative efforts. Recommendations called with interdisciplinary curriculum develop­ to finance imports. Mr. Sarbanes also dis­ for more support of, and involvement in, ment. Although the teleconference re­ cussed the role of multilateral agencies such multilateral agencies by the nations of the mained a "special event" on campus, it was as FAO in finding joint solutions to interna­ world and for a more equitable distribution also a component of course work or an extra tional hunger and agricultural crises, and of resources within the international com­ credit activity at most college sites. Beyond encouraged participants to observe World munity. Sites also suggested that a clearing­ use of the teleconference and Packet as a Food Day as one means of involving citizens house of international proportions be estab­ pedagogic tool, the event provided many in this process. lished to coordinate and disseminate agri­ students with an opportunity to organize Barbara Huddleston: discussion of the im­ cultural technologies. Other suggestions en­ symposia, work with local media and estab­ portance of policy formulation to ensure tailed upgrading international oversight of lish contacts with local and national organi­ proper production, marketing, transport emergency food distribution and the estab­ zations-valuable educational experiences in and distribution of food within developing lishment of international reserves. theinselves. In addition, many foreign stu­ countries. Ms. Huddleston reminded partici­ For Food Crisis Governments, sites urged dents served as local panelists at their host pants of competing interests within all na­ the adoption of "food first" policies and a institutions, sharing first-hand accounts of reevaluation of export cropping in nations conditions and agricultural policies in their tions, and the difficulty of Third World gov­ ernments to reconcile these interests within faced with domestic food shortages. These own countries. governments should, in the view of telecon­ Non-academic groups frequently provided their own often fragile democracies. She ex­ plained that in many cases, policies held ference participants, assume greater respon­ local program panelists, discussion leaders, sibility for their own future, and were re­ and participants to the sites, who responded over from colonial times still direct these young governments, without sufficient flexi­ peatedly criticized for allowing militaryI generously with fundraisers, hunger walks, strategic considerations to predominate over food drives, and other activities in support bility by donors to help beneficiaries under­ feeding their starving populations. Thus, of domestic and international hunger orga­ go the necessary adjustment process. Ms. improved distribution of both domestically nizations. Through off-campus participation Huddleston stated that from the standpoint produced and donated foods was a major and the caliber of local program activities, of FAO, more belt-tightening must occur at theme in this recommendations category, the teleconference sites theinselves ensured all levels to make sure that development as­ with related discussion of the need to up­ wide media coverage of the event, and sistance gets "more mileage for the buck." grade infrastructure for storing and trans­ worked with local stations to carry excerpts Marie Savane: discussion of the fame and porting food in assistance with donors. of the national program. Many sites invited conditions in Africa from the African per­ Colleges and Universities received the local television journalists to serve as their spective, including observations on often un­ most recommendations, including calls for mid-hour program moderators, increasing successful policies and methodologies im­ increased overseas experiences for students local coverage. posed on beneficiary governments by and faculty; more appropriate research, PROGRAM SUMMARY donors. Mme. Savane was particularly con­ greater involvement in local domestic food After a brief introduction by Eddie Albert, cerned about the Western propensity to issues; and the responsibility of higher edu­ the national broadcast began with a video­ "compartmentalize" approaches to develop­ cation to emphasize global interdependence. taped message from the Director-General of ment, rather than involving beneficiaries Many sites indicated that as a result of FAO, Edouard Saouma, who encouraged theinselves in a wider range of needs assess­ World Food Day planning, they are already participants to renew their efforts against ment and program design, implementation beginning to implement these strategies. hunger, whether as governments, non-gov­ and evaluation. She also discussed the Recommendations for local community ernmental organizations or individuals. impact of the famine in compelling both Af­ action included the following suggestions: Then, throughout the first hour, the moder­ ricans and Westerns to recognize global increased awareness and involvement; estab­ ator questioned each panelist, and invited interdependence, and to improve long-range lish links among local/national/internation­ them to express disagreement with one an­ planning. Mme. Savane acknowledged that al hunger issues; coordinate local action to other or to expand upon points being raised. mismanagement has been a problem in prevent redundancy of efforts; decrease con­ The following is a summary of the discus­ Africa, but that African governments are sumption and waste, and support local food sion: making positive changes. banks; and exercise democratic rights to in- Aprill'l, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8031 fluence food and hunger policies through cent of the Federal poverty level; this means Institute has determined that newborns who correspondence with legislators and policy­ that presently, only those Texas women with are sick and underweight can require massive makers and judicious use of the vote. Again incomes no greater than 27 percent of the in this category, and often as a result of and expensive treatment, and they account poverty level are eligible to receive maternity campus-community contacts through the for 27 percent of all uncompensated costs to teleconference, many respondents stated care at the expense of Medicaid. Those who hospitals. In fact, almost half of all unpaid that these recommendations are already have incomes which are 28 percent of the hospital bills of $25,000 and more, are the guiding their local outreach activities. poverty level must find their own ways to pay result of caring for sick newborns. This a for needed care. As you might imagine, these growing problem, especially among public and women simply do without needed care and teaching hospitals which invariably shoulder THE MEDICAID INFANT MOR­ consequently, many do not give birth to much of the burden. TALITY AMENDMENTS OF 1986 healthy babies. This is a problem of national significance. Currently, Medicaid offers no coverage for The problem is widespread in this country and HON. MICKEY LELAND postpartum care of complications during preg­ affects every State, but impacts most heavily OF TEXAS nancy, in spite of the fact that in more than 56 in the poorer Southern and Southwestern IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES percent of all pregnancies there is at least States. It is our moral obligation to stop the Thursday, April17, 1986 one complication. Few States even cover di­ backward trend that less enlightened policy agnostic services and screening so necessary has created in the American health-care Mr. LELAND. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ in cases of suspected high risk. Furthermore, system. The administration has been extreme­ ducing the Medicaid Infant Mortality Amend­ reimbursement policy under Medicaid makes it ly instrumental in ignoring these frightening ments of 1986. I feel strongly that this bill will difficult for covered women to find good trends, diverting attention instead to budget help to alleviate the tragedy of infant mortality health-care providers. Poor women, most deficits and rising health care costs. By pro­ in this prosperous Nation. The Congress is likely to lack any insurance coverage, public viding access to early prenatal care, we can long overdue in taking on this challenge of or private, are faced with an enormous dilem­ not only save money, but we can also reduce rising infant mortality rates with the necessary ma. the incidence of morbidity and mortality and deliberate action that it deserves. Now is Some of us may argue that infant mortality among America's children. the time for us to act, as a body, on our com­ is a problem, but that we have not yet deter­ For many years I have worked to reduce mitment to the survival of our children. mined the best way to combat it. But the evi­ the suffering of people who live in poverty. Infant mortality rates are commonly used as dence suggests and the medical community The Southern Governors' Association Task indicators of a population's health status. agrees, that the upward trend in infant mortali­ Force on Infant Mortality, chaired by Governor Overall infant mortality rates in this country ty can be curbed with increasect access to Riley of South Carolina, and the National Gov­ are on the decline. Since 1981, however, the prenatal care for pregnant women. This reality ernors' Association as well as the Children's decline is slowing and we are in fact able to is unavoidable. However, receiving this care Defense Fund have worked diligently with the note a rise in post-neonatal mortality. From means having the ability to pay for services. subcommittee staff to come up with a remedy 1982 to 1983 the rate of infant death rose by Lack of maternity care, frequently a result of for some of the short-comings in the Nation's 3 percent, and again by 6 percent in 1984. poverty, is the greatest contributor to infant welfare system. And I firmly believe the Med­ The Children's Defense Fund, a widely ac­ death in this country. icaid Infant Mortality Amendments of 1986 is cepted authority on the problem, estimates The purpose of the Infant Mortality Reduc­ a good first step in the right direction. that rates rose about 9 percent in 1985. Obvi­ tion Amendments of 1986, is to allow States ously the problem is growing at a phenomenal to exercise an option to provide prenatal care, rate. Our immediate attention to this matter delivery, and post-partum care to women who NEW HORIZONS FOR AMERICA'S must be mandated by our moral sense as well survive at or below 100 percent of the Federal YOUTH as our responsibility to our constituents. poverty level. The bill also provides well-child For black Americans the reality of infant care for the infant involved up to 1 year of HON. JAMES L. OBERSTAR death is even more devastating. Infant mortali­ age, without regard to State income eligibility OF MINNESOTA ty rates for blacks are twice as high as those thresholds. This bill also allows States to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of whites, and blacks are twice as likely to target Medicaid dollars on care for high-risk produce low birth weight babies. Low birth pregnant women and infants without regard to Thursday, April17, 1986 weight accounts for two-thirds of all infant family structure and without regard to cash as­ Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Speaker, each year, deaths. sistance the family may already be receiving the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United Too many women today are facing the under the AFDC Program. This is the logical States and its Ladies Auxiliary conduct the hardship of bearing children in the context of next step in reforming Medicaid eligibility Voice of Democracy essay-writing contests. unretractable poverty. Women aged 18 to 24 policy so that Federal funds are invested This year more than 250,000 secondary give birth to some 40 percent of all babies where they will save the most lives and the school students competed for six national born in the United States in a given year. Yet, most money. scholarship prizes. While each participant can in 1984, more than 25 percent of these Another admirable quality of this bill is that be commended for his effort, I would like to women had no private health insurance or it is cost-effective, and in the long run will bring your attention to one particular script. public health coverage such as Medicaid or save the Government millions of dollars. The The winning script for the State of Minneso­ Medicare. This statistic is particularly disturb­ cost of providing the services authorized ta was written by Mr. Robert Carlson of ing because a high percentage of working under this legislation, approximately $125 mil­ Duluth. Robert is in the 11th grade at Duluth women aged 18 to 24 earn less than $10,000 lion for the first year, is far less than the cost Cathedral High School and hopes to pursue a annually. This group of working poor women of maintaining babies who are born sick and career in either writing or photography. As the are simply unable to afford the cost of prena­ underweight. Poor nutrition and little, late or youngest of eight children, it is obvious from tal care and delivery, especially if they must no prenatal care is typical of the mothers of Robert's essay that his parents, Charles and meet that cost in the absence of public health these children and contributes significantly to Gene Carlson, instilled tremendous virtues of coverage. the problem. And I might add that this lack of patriotism in their children. I am proud of Rob­ The Health Insurance Association of Amer­ proper nutrition and prenatal care is a direct ert's accomplishments as I am certain his ica estimates that the cost for an uncomplicat­ result of poverty. entire family is. ed pregnancy is at least $5,000, while Federal Sick and underweight newborns are ex­ I want to share "New Horizons for Ameri­ programs such as Medicaid cover only about tremely costly because they require extended ca's Youth" with my colleagues. I urge each 43 percent of women of reproductive age who hospital stays and continued medical services Member of Congress to read it, and I hope earn less than $5,000 per year. In all States, outside of the hospital, in order to maintain you will remember the young author's mes­ Medicaid is tied closely to AFDC payment the fragile life. Presently, hospitals have to sage that the American democracy must be levels and most payment levels are set at less absorb the costs of care for uninsured moth­ protected and built upon for future generations than 50 percent of the Federal poverty level. ers and babies. If the baby is sick the cost to enjoy. In Texas, AFDC payment levels are at 27 per- can be astronomical. The Allan Guttmacher The article follows: 8032 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 NEW HORIZONS FOR AMERICA'S YOUTH there is a sun, the most brilliant sun that areas. At a public press conference last July, On the fourth day of July, in the year sev­ ever shined. Whether that sun is rising or Secretary Hodel stated "I am pleased that enteen hundred and seventy-six, the found­ setting upon America depends entirely upon our intensive good faith efforts to negotiate ing fathers of America shocked and amazed our efforts. If we truly want it, and if we with the States on this difficult issue have the world with their historic document, the truly work for it, America can outshine even created the environment in which the Con­ Declaration of Independence. Never before the hopes and dreams of our nation's found­ gress has now acted fairly and equitably." had any group of people so emphatically ex­ ers. I regret to say, however, that Secretary pressed their need to break away from a Watt went back on his word. While we held government that failed to support the fun­ fast to our side of the bargain, the Secretary damental rights and freedoms of its citizens. THE CALIFORNIA COAST MUST has claimed that our agreement is no longer Every one of the men who signed the Decla­ BE PRESERVED FROM OFF­ valid. ration knew that by doing so he was putting SHORE DRILLING Although I and many of my colleagues his life in great jeopardy. King George of questioned how we could continue to negoti­ England had already ruthlessly put down HON. TOM LANTOS ate with an Administration that had so protests of the stamp and tea taxes, and it clearly compromised its integrity, we contin­ seemed certain that he would respond to OF CALIFORNIA ued-and indeed are still attempting-to the Declaration of Independence in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES reach an agreement following the new leas­ same manner. The valor of the original sign­ Thursday, April17, 1986 ing proposals released earlier this year. The ers in the face of such danger can best be Department of the Interior, however, has seen in the courage of just one man, John­ Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, once again we consistently failed to negotiate in good athan Hancock. Knowing that his cause was are facing a concerted effort by the oil indus­ faith. No agreement has been reached and right, Hancock did not care if the whole try and its allies at the Department of the Inte­ none appears likely. world was against him in his efforts to gain rior to open up the magnificent California Time is running out. While making no se­ liberty. In expression of his dedication to coast to offshore drilling. The new draft leas­ rious effort to negotiate with the Congress, his belief in freedom, he boldly penned ing program put forth by the Interior Depart­ the Interior Department has issued a new what has become the most well known sig­ ment opens up vast stretches of our fragile draft leasing program which opens to leas­ nature in the world today. It is fitting that coast-despite the fact that an overwhelming ing many sensitive areas of the California we hold Hancock in as much esteem as we coast. do; he stands as a reminder of our country's majority of the people in our coastal communi­ Mr. Chairman, the situation has assumed original patriotic courage, and of our bold ties strongly object to this policy. unprecedented gravity. We are engaged in defiance of injustice and oppression. The Today, at a hearing of the Interior Subcom­ negotiations with a Secretary who will not sculptors of our nation were not afraid to mittee of the Committee on Appropriations, I negotiate; the Administration is determined take risks, no matter how enormous, for requested that the moratorium on offshore to push through its leasing plans in the face they were truly guided by the maxim, "One leasing along the California coast be imposed of clear opposition from virtually every man, in harmony with God, is a majority". again. Mr. Speaker, I would like to place the coastal community in California. We are not With that in mind, how can anyone compro­ testimony I presented to the committee in the engaged in an equal fight-the odds are mise his values and not stand up for what RECORD. This is an important issue and my stacked against us by an Administration he knows is right? Those first patriots who that is clearly ignoring the wishes of the gave their lives to win the freedom of this colleagues will hear more about it in the up­ people most directly involved. The only way land would never have done so and we, as coming weeks: to insure serious negotiations with the De­ the youth of America and trustees of our STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE TOM LANTOS partment is to reimpose a one-year morato­ country's future, must never do so either. Mr. Chairman, I regret that I must appear rium. I respectfully request your support. Nothing can weaken a nation more effec­ before you today to urge action again on the tively than the apathy of its citizens. At one controversial issue of drilling off the Cali­ time, the mighty Roman Empire command­ fornia coast. Your subcommittee-and you MARKET ACCESS PROBLEMS ed the tribute and respect of all the civiliza­ personally, Mr. Chairman-have been most WITH REPUBLIC OF KOREA tions that were then known. Rome encom­ supportive in the past of the legitimate con­ passed all the best ideas and discoveries of cerns of Californians to protect the unparal­ the world and molded them together into leled natural beauty of our magnificent HON. BILL FRENZEL one great nation-a nation that many coast from uncontrolled exploitation OF MINNESOTA people thought would last forever. But it through oil and gas drilling. didn't. The Roman people became overcon­ Mr. Chairman, today I most emphatically IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fident, overindulgent, apathetic. And as the and urgently request that you again impose Thursday, April17, 1986 people of Rome weakened, so did the struc­ a moratorium on oil and gas leasing by the ture and might of the Roman Empire itself. Department of Interior along the California Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, business and The army that harl once been the most pow­ coast. In submitting this request, I know Government leaders have recently been en­ erful force on earth began to lose battles that you are already familiar with my rea­ gaged in discussions designed to ease some . . . the Italian peninsula was invaded . . . sons for opposing uncontrolled OCS leasing. of the market access problems we have with the Empire crumbled. The ruins of the Col­ Today, however, I would like to acquaint the Republic of Korea. I am pleased that the osseum stand as a silent witness to the fate you with the recurrent problems experi­ Koreans are willing to discuss our concerns of a great nation whose people failed to care enced by the California congressional dele­ enough about it to preserve its ideals. gation as we have attempted to reach a ne­ before they become major ones, and have co­ Many years into the future, will people gotiated solution with the Administration. operated with our Government in solving the look back upon America as we now look When Secretary Watt set about carving 301 unfair trade practice eases. back upon the Roman Empire, and say what up the coastline with a recklessness that There has been a lot of talk about the likeli­ a shame it is that such a great civilization could not be curbed, talks were rejected and hood of Korea becoming the next Japan as ever had to fall from glory? Nowhere else in we resorted to moratoria to protect the far as a potential closed market for U.S. ex­ the world do the citizens of a land have as coast. That recklessness, it now transpires, ports and an aggressive export policy are con­ many opportunities to participate in the cost the government several billion dollars. cerned. While it is true that Korea, as a devel­ democratic process as we do here in Amer­ As you are aware, a recent report from the oping country, has restricted its home market ica-and nowhere else in the world would it General Accounting Office states that in be more tragic for such freedoms to be left Secretary Watt's headlong rush to auction to imports to encourage local industries, there unused. Past generations have faithfully off coastal waters, he sold the leases at bar­ does seem to be an awareness that it must preserved the ideals of democracy in our gain prices. start playing by the same rules as industrial­ country, but soon it will be time for the Last year, members of the California con­ ized nations as a major exporter. torch to be passed down, and the youth of gressional delegation and Interior Secretary It is my hope that Korea will be less inter­ America will be given their chance to prove Donald P. Hodel entered into what we con­ ested in achieving industrial self-sufficiency, themselves equal to the spirit of the found­ sidered to be good-faith negotiations to and home market protection than some of its ing fathers. We are at the threshold of a meet both the needs of the oil industry and neighbors. Progress has been made recently great decision; in the distance can be seen environmental concerns. After extensive dis­ the horizon of our future. With it come new cussions, we reached a historic agreement and I believe that prospects are better for U.S. challenges, new problems, and new goals that satisfied the concerns to protect cer­ exporters. I do not expect that Korea will that even the founding fathers could never tain areas of the coast, but at the same time become "the next Japan," because it is not in have foreseen. Just beyond the horizon, permitted limited drilling in less sensitive its interest to do so. Certainly, the United April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8033 States, its largest market, will not tolerate straint on both sides"-as if it were intellec­ American efforts to complete without re­ such conduct. tually possible to take a neutral position be­ sorting to protectionist measures have been The history of the long, close relationship tween terrorism and anti-terrorism. France unsuccessful. The Reagan administration between the United States and Korea gives even refused to let American warplanes recently suggested that it might be ready to enter French airspace during their Britain­ give the Common Market a taste of its own me hope that the bilateral discussions will to-Libya flight. medicine. The United States said it will continue to show progress in easing some of The potential costs of turning the other place quotas and tariffs on products such as the market access problems we now have cheek are unacceptably high. To let terror­ European wine, canned hams, cookies and with Korea. ism go unchallenged is to condone it. West­ olives unless the Common Market reduces ern Europe might prefer not to confront the its agricultural subsidies. problem on Libya sponsored violence, but no The American commitment to free trade AN EDITORIAL VIEWPOINT evidence suggests that ignoring Khadafy's shouldn't be abandoned, even temporarily, activities would lead to less terrorism. without serious provocation. But U.S. trade HON. DOUG BEREUTER Bombing Libya, to be sure, carries a risk officials have a point when they say that OF NEBRASKA for the United States. Nobody wants a gen­ free trade is unlikely to occur with Common eral war. European nations that are friendly Market policies as they are. The decision to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the United States have property and give the Common Market additional per­ Thursday, April17, 1986 people in Libya. The Soviet Union main­ spective on protectionism could, if Europe tains technicians and equipment there. reacts the way Washington hopes it will, Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I would like Moderate Arab nations, while wary of Kha­ lead to a more reasonable trading relation­ to bring to the attention of my colleagues a dafy, often tend to view the confrontation ship. recent editorial that appeared in the Omaha from a Third World perspective. Finally, World Herald on the American attack on Khadafy's potential reactions are difficult Libyan military installations. to predict. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANS­ The article brilliantly points out that in an The United States has reduced the risks, PORTATION SAFETY AMEND­ age of cultural tolerance, we cannot allow a however, with its careful selection of tar­ MENTS OF 1986 desert dictator to attack our culture and civili­ gets, its efforts to keep other nations in­ formed and the documentation it has pro­ HON. CARDISS COLUNS zation with violent impunity. Defending our­ vided for its actions. Evidence linking Libya OF ILLINOIS selves was as the World Herald said, "a moral with the bombing of a West Berlin night­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES imperative." I ask permission to have the text club in which an American serviceman died of the editorial reprinted in full. strengthened the case for action. So did evi­ Thursday, April17, 1986 Also, Mr. Speaker, the European Communi­ dence indicating that Libya had planned to Mrs. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased ty is engaged in an elaborate con game. Men­ massacre people waiting outside the Ameri­ can consulate in Paris to obtain visas. to joint with Mr. WIRTH in cosponsoring the acing threats of EC retaliation, should the Hazardous Materials Transportation Safety United States restrict several products of im­ The United States can do no less for people such as 11-year-old Natasha Simp­ Amendments of 1986. The importance of the portance to the Community, have become son, who was one of the victims gunned legislation is clear to those who understand. standard fare. Yes, it is true that we are con­ down in the Rome airport last December, or the challenges facing us in the transportation of sidering trade sanctions on several of their 8-month-old Demetra Klug, who fell to her hazardous materials today. products. But this is not some unilateral action death with her mother and grandmother Our bill would: on our part. after a terrorist's bomb blasted a hole in the Unify the motor vehicle transportation safety It is in retaliation for their longstanding prac­ side of their plane. Taking a stand against international ter­ agencies within the Department of Transporta­ tice of agricultural subsidies and for their tion; recent, blatant attempt to use Spanish/Portu­ rorism is a moral imperative for any nation that is dedicated to freedom and human dig­ Commit additional resources and staffing to guese accession to the Common Market to re­ nity. The refusal to be intimidated by ty­ Federal truck safety enforcement; strict our sales even further. It is not they, but rants and international thugs is an insepara­ Require the registration of hazardous mate­ we, who are the aggrieved party. A recent ble part of the American character dating rial shippers; World Herald editorial, which I commend to from the earliest days of the republic. To Improve Federal standards for training driv­ my colleagues, put the issue in correct per­ continue to sit by while Khadafy runs un­ ers, dockworkers, police, and firemen; spective when it urged that we give the Euro­ challenged would be contradictory to the Create a special State drivers license for pean Community a taste of its own medicine. kind of nation America has been-and the kind it ought to be. drivers of chemical and other highly hazard­ Again, I request permission to have the text ous cargo; and of this editorial reprinted in the RECORD: A TRADE THREAT FROM EUROPE Require the designation of truck routes for THE ACTION AGAINST LIBYA IN STEP WITH Ella Krucoff, a representative of the Eu­ the safest movement of dangerous loads. U.S. HERITAGE ropean EconOinic Community, made it Much care has been taken to craft this bill. In circles where appeasement is consid­ sound as if she believes that the EEC, or Let me elaborate on a few of its provisions for ered chic, the U.S. bombing attacks against Common Market, is about to become an in­ a moment. military targets near Tripoli and Benghazi nocent victim of a trade war. If the United are receiving the predictable condemnation. In 1974, Congress passed the Hazardous States imposes certain trade sanctions, she Materials Transportation Act. This act was a The truth is, however, that the United said, "It is likely that the EEC will be ready States has few practical alternatives except to respond in kind." beginning. Since then, regulations have multi­ to respond to Libyan-sponsored terrorist at­ But the Common Market has used subsi­ plied to cover all aspects of moving danger­ tacks with limited force. dies, tariffs and other protectionist meas­ ous cargoes. All aspects, that is, except the Negotiations, the 1980s cure-all, would be ures for years. Its protectionist policies, par­ most important, the human elements. We inappropriate. The behavior of Libyan ticularly in agriculture, are the reason that have regulations on containerization, placard­ leader Moammar Khadafy reflects a fanat­ the United States is considering taking ing, equipment, and shipping papers, but regu­ ic's hatred for the United States-and West­ action in an attempt to restore free trade. ern civilization in general-that leaves no lation covering driver qualifications is vague. Each year, the Common Market fixes Regulations addressing the baseline level of room for considering him to be a potentially prices above market levels for European reliable partner in diplomacy. Khadafy has farm products. The high prices encourage knowledge for dockworkers, loaders, packers, expansionist goals in northern Africa and a European farmers to overproduce. The sur­ and others associated with the processes of commitment to the destruction of Israel, plus grain is dumped on the international interstate commerce, are so weak as to be neither of which is a negotiable item. Final­ market at prices below the cost of produc­ unenforceable. ly, the United States has a policy of refus­ tion. The policies cost the Common Market I have three recent studies to support my ing to negotiate with terrorists. about $4.6 billion in 1985. contention. First, the Congressional Research Support for economic and political isola­ The European subsidies hurt American tion of Khadafy has been lacking among Service reported in an April 4, 1986, study farmers. While Common Market food ex­ that 65 percent of all hazardous materials the nation's European allies. The European ports have increased in recent years, U.S. Common Market this week seemed to be agricultural exports have declined from transportation accidents were caused by striving to distance itself from the fray $43.8 billion in 1981 to an estimated $28 bil­ human failure, not package failure, vehicle ac­ when it adopted a resolution urging "re- lion this year. cidents, or equipment malfunction. CAS's 8034 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 study evaluated DOT regulations and conclud­ Press as executive editor, and last year Union-a nation whose legal system is re­ ed that DOT trucking regulations for dock­ became publisher and chairman of this fine spected no further than its reach. workers, warehousemen, and shipping work­ publication. Most of us are aware that once a Jewish ers are inadequate and have an adverse David Lawrence's illustrious career is com­ family applies for an exit visa, one hardship impact on safe transportation. plemented by an admirable record of public after another predictably follows. Throughout A second study is a recent analysis per­ service. the years the Jewish community in the Soviet formed for the Federal Highway Administra­ He is a director of the American Society of Union has courageously confronted rampant tion. The Mandex, Inc., consulting firm report­ Newspaper Editors and serves as chair of its anti-Semitism with little hope of ever living ed that 67 percent of all reported truck acci- Credibility Committee. He is also director of freely. The Soviet Jews are the only national dents in 1983 were preventable and 94.5 per­ the Journalism Institute for Minorities at group in the Soviet Union which systematically cent of those accidents were caused by driver Wayne State University and is a member of suffers from mass humiliation. the only one failures. Again, this is the human element to the board of directors of Detroit Renaissance, whose national language-Hebrew-is forbid­ which I referred. the Greater Detroit Chamber of Commerce, den: whose history, religion, national identity The last study is an Office of Technology the United Foundation, the Michigan Council are effectively silenced. Reminiscent of the Assessment report which will be published for the Arts, the Economic Club of Detroit, and Nazi persecution of the Jews under Hitler, the shortly. It reports that 75 percent of all emer­ the Michigan Thanksgiving Parade Founda­ Jews in the Soviet Union must be identified as gency first-responders such as police, firemen, tion. Jewish on their identification cards, and are and first-aid crews, do not have basic training In addition, he is on the advisory committee regularly excluded jobs of significant responsi­ for responding to hazardous materials trans­ of the Institute for Journalism Education, and bility. portation accidents. This astonishing figure is a trustee of the Foundation for American As Moscow continues its campaign to de­ represents the weak link in our Nation's pro­ Communications, the Detroit Institute for Chil­ prive Jews of their past, and their links with tection of public safety. dren, Grosse Pointe Academy, Children's Hos­ The three studies to which I have just re­ pital, and is on the board of trustees of the Jews throughout the world, a flood of anti-Se­ ferred confirm what my subcommittee's inves­ Founders Society/Detroit Institute of Arts. mitic and racist propaganda has inundated tigative study had discovered earlier: We This incredible list is only the tangible prod­ every corner of the Soviet Union. Seeds of haven't put a significant amount of attention uct of David Lawrence's dedication to his hate and distrust have been cultivated by au­ to the human side of the safety equation. The cause. The fact that Mr. Lawrence, a Roman thorities via the press and media. Anti-Semi­ legislation I am cosponsoring today addresses Catholic, is receiving this award illustrates his tism continues to be thinly masked as anti-Zi­ this issue in three ways: higher licensing re­ successful attempts at bridging the cross-cul­ onism, and remains directed against Judaism. quirements for high-level hazard drivers, in­ tural roadblocks that are often factors in the Never-the-less anti-Semitic articles, books, centive funding for emergency responder fight against repression of the human spirit. and phamplets have invaded nearly all seg­ training and improved regulations for worker In these times of international and intercul­ ments of Soviet society. safety training. These are commonsense pro­ tural friction, David Lawrence has emerged as Their courage of Jewish refusniks in the visions. a concerned human being who truly cares Soviet Union in the face of despair: their de­ Mr. Speaker, by emphasizing improved about human rights. He inspires us all to termination in the face of fear, their hope in training standards, I don't mean to downplay follow his lead and I ask that my colleagues the face of punishment must compel us to other provisions of our bill. Shipper registra­ join me in commending David Lawrence and demonstrate our solidarity with them until tion, mandated in our bill, is long overdue. Im­ encourage him to continue his pursuit of these every Jew who wants to leave the Soviet proved routing of dangerous cargo, publication high ideals. Union can emigrate freely. We cannot remain of DOT carrier safety ratings, and unification silent, nor do we have the right to remain of truck safety enforcement within DOT, all silent. Organizations such as the National these provisions are also badly needed and SOVIET JEWRY Council of Jewish Women is characteristic of widely supported by industry and labor. international human rights and support groups Mr. Speaker, I urge speedy consideration of HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN who will not let this issue die. Through the ef­ this bill. OF CALIFORNIA forts of many organizations like the National IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Council, over 275,000 Jews have been able to IN RECOGNITION OF DAVID Thursday, April17, 1986 leave the U.S.S.R. LAWRENCE, JR. The fact that pressure has been successful­ Mr. DORNAN of California. Mr. Chairman, I ly brought to bear on the Soviets tells us that rise today to express my continuing outrage Russia is not totally impervious to international about the Soviet authorities gross mistreat­ HON. DENNIS M. HERTEL opinion. For this reason we should be spurred ment of the Jewish community within the OF MICHIGAN to action now, more than ever. Soviet officials U.S.S.R. The persecution of Soviet Jews is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would no doubt prefer to that we forget the re­ pervasive, systematic and insidious. Having Thursday, April17, 1986 been to the Soviet Union some five times, I fusniks, to become discouraged and to ignore Mr. HERTEL of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, this am very familiar with the hardships endured the issue. This would plunge Soviet Jewry into past Tuesday, Mr. David Lawrence, Jr., was by the Soviet Jewish community. Throughout immobilizing darkness and the Soviets would honored with the Human Rights Award of the my travels I was able to meet with both then be completely undeterred in their objec­ American Jewish Committee's Institute of Jewish and Christian refusniks in Moscow, tives of cultural genocide. These modern Human Rights. Lenigrad and Kiev. The very fact that I even Jewish refusniks are heroes who deserve Mr. Lawrence is well known to people met with these individuals earned me the du­ more than a policy of benign neglect. If we do across the country through past accomplish­ bious distinction of "Congressman Dracula"­ not remember them, fight for them, and rally ments, and particularly to us in Detroit for his a comment made by the official communist for them, who will? work at the Detroit Free Press. Recently, he propaganda organ, Tass. My heart goes out to In conclusion, Mr. Chairman, I would like to has begun his own weekly column which these courageous people. point out that American interests are best helps put into perspective the events of the Mr. Speaker, most of us agree that the served by ensuring the protection of human previous week. It enables him to communicate Soviet state is physically strong but morally rights of people currently living under authori­ with the public and stay in touch with the corrupt. Evidence of this is manifested by the tarian and totalitarian governments. To problems of the community. fact that the Soviet Union is a nation which achieve this goal a internationally coordinated, Mr. Lawrence began his career in journalism denies blatant anti-Semitism yet continues to and strategic approach to human rights is ab­ in 1963 with the St. Petersburg Times. He implement a harsh policy of state-sponsored solutely critical to its effectiveness. Toward subsequently worked with the Washington intimidation of Jews-a community whose this end, I would like to recognize and com­ Post, the Palm Beach Post, the Philadelphia only crime is desire to pursue conscientiously mend the efforts of the National Council of Daily News, and was editor of the Charlotte their religion. Given these circumstances, it is Jewish Women-an organization committed to Observer. In 1978 he joined the Detroit Free no wonder that the world fears the Soviet this approach. April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8035 FORMER DEFENSE SECRETARY could possibly determine the path arms con­ ties and other initiatives to promote the wel­ HAROLD BROWN SAYS SALT trol will follow for the remainder of this centu­ fare of the whole community is to be com­ AGREEMENTS SHOULD BE PRE- ry. mended. All too often, many people are un­ SERVED willing to participate in philanthropic endeav­ ors unless there exists some form of material DuPAGE COUNTY SUPPORTS benefit. This is unfortunate because the sense HON. DANTE B. FASCELL TERMINATION OF REVENUE OF FLORIDA SHARING of helping others and knowing that you have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES made a contribution to the betterment of soci­ Thursday, April17, 1986 ety is the greatest award any individual can HON. HARRIS W. FAWELL achieve. Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, on April 15, OF ILLINOIS The spirit of volunteerism is especially im­ 1986, the Subcommittee on Arms Control, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portant today. At a time when we see the International Security and Science conducted Thursday, April17, 1986 Federal Government moving away from many an important hearing on "The Implications of social responsibilities and placing these tasks Mr. FAWELL. Mr. Speaker, I recently re­ Abandoning SALT." The purpose of the hear­ upon the private sector and the American ceived a letter from the DuPage County board ing was to examine the current debate in the people, we must make every effort to promote chairman, Jack Knuepfer, regarding the Gen­ administration on whether to continue comply­ individual initiative on the behalf of others. eral Revenue Sharing Program. ing with the SALT agreements. Again this year, the Volunteer Services Jack Knuepfer's letter was most welcomed Of particular note were the comments made Bureau _of Westchester, Inc., an organization because it expressed the DuPage County gov­ by Dr. Harold Brown, the former Secretary of which has an outstanding record of communi­ ernment's support for allowing the Revenue Defense. Dr. Brown informed the members of ty service, honors those individuals and Sharing Program to terminate. In fact, DuPage the subcommittee that it would be in the best groups that have displayed extraordinary dedi­ County has planned its budget for next year interests of the United States to continue cation and commitment to the volunteer spirit. under the assumption that these funds will not abiding by the SALT agreements. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize those spe­ be available. Among the several options being consid­ cial winners of the 1986 Westchester Volun­ At a time when most of us are being ered by the administration at this time is the teer of the Year Awards. They are: swamped with correspondence in support of drydocking rather than dismantling of two Po­ Volunteer of the Year, Mrs. Betsy June Ben- the program's continuation, DuPage County seidon submarines, an action that would put nett; has taken a position on the program with the United States over the SALT numerical Group Award, Respite Care Co-op; which I identity: if the Federal Government limit for MIRV'd, ICBM's and SLBM's. Re­ Student Award, Jennie Pidel; had the revenue to share, the program should sponding to the drydocking of the submarines, R.S.V.P. Award, Mrs. Dorothy Garber; be continued. Otherwise, it makes little sense Secretary Brown said that such a move would Corporate Award, "St-Att-Us" Volunteers; to send borrowed Federal dollars to State and be detrimental to United States interests since and local governments operating with surpluses. the Soviets are currently better positioned to Agency Award, Children's Village. exploit a "breakout" of the treaty. He said the Jack Knuepfer's letter follows: DuPAGE CouNTY, I submit for inclusion in the RECORD, state­ Soviets have more "hot production" lines for ments which detail the accomplishments of strategic weapons than the United States, April 3, 1986. Hon. HARRis FAWELL, these groups and individuals. more heavy missiles ready to take thousands U.S. Representative, 1986 WESTCHESTER VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR of additional warheads, and no Gramm­ Washington, DC. Rudman. Mrs. Betsy June Bennett was chosen as the DEAR HARRis: This is the time of year 1986 Westchester Volunteer of the Year be­ The Secretary said undercutting SALT will when the National Association of Counties also: urges us to write you in support of revenue cause of her dedicated service for many Undercut the survivability of two of the three sharing. If you had revenue to share, we agencies in Yonkers and, in particular, her ef­ components of the U.S. strategic triad-land­ would be asking you to do it. Since there is forts toward the revitalization of abandoned based ICBM's and bombers. only a deficit at the Federal level, we are properties for lower income families. Enable the Soviets to deploy 500 more not eager to share that. Although Betsy is a full-time employee at Again this year DuPage County takes the Ciba-Geigy, she is reliable, flexible, and multi­ launchers and approximately 4,000 more war­ position that the fiscal solvency of the Fed­ heads. talented in her volunteer services. Betsy has eral government is more important than been involved in numerous volunteer activities Fail to constrain Soviet modernization ef­ any program or revenue source we can think forts. of. We urge you not to continue our subsi­ in the Yonkers community such as the Salva­ Make the Midgetman missile less surviv­ dies, but rather to continue your efforts to tion Army South Yonkers Youth Council, able. balance the budget. Y.W.C.A., Yonkers Employment for Seniors, Have a chilling effect on the Geneva arms Sincerely yours, Bryn Mawr Park Presbyterian Church and its JACK T. KNUEPFER, Caring Committee. Mrs. Bennett's commit­ talks. County Board Chainnan. And place the onus of blame for the demise ment and indispensability grew during the of SALT on the United States. S.W.A.P. project. She took part in all the tasks While describing Soviet noncompliance as WINNERS OF 1986 WESTCHEST­ necessary to revitalize abandoned buildings in "troubling" but of marginal military impor­ ER VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR Yonkers. The S.W.A.P. project has been a tance, Secretary Brown argues that the United AWARD marvelous success largely due to her hard States should not respond "proportionately" work. but instead "effectively" to Soviet noncompli­ HON. JOSEPH J. DioGUARDI Betsy Bennett's volunteer service has made ance. The drydocking of two Poseidon subma­ a difference to everyone in the Yonkers com­ OF NEW YORK munity. She approaches each task with dedi­ rines, Brown said, would by no means consti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tute an effective response. Secretary Brown cation that makes her certainly deserving of said he favored moving more quickly on the Thursday, April17, 1986 the 1986 Midgetman ICBM as part of an effective re­ Mr. DioGUARDI. Mr. Speaker, one of the WESTCHESTER VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR AWARD sponse rather than taking any action at this facets of American culture that makes this GROUP VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR time that would breach the treaty limits. Nation the best and most caring on Earth is The founders of the Respite Care Co-op are Mr. Speaker, Secretary Brown has succinct­ our endless spirit of volunteerism. Throughout the award recipients in the Group category for ly outlined in his testimony why it would be our Nation's history, millions of people have 1986 Westchester Volunteer of the Year. They fundamentally contrary to our interests to un­ given their time, energy, and individual talents are: Donna Cofer, Cheryl Baskin, Sue Meyer, dercut SALT at this time. I hope that all the to help better the lives of others. Anne Nichols, and Joanne LoPresti. President's arms control advisers will find the Individuals, churches, businesses, schools, These women and their families joined to­ time to reflect on Secretary Brown's reasoned and other organizations have made special gether out of their common concern for the explanation before making a decision that contributions to this spirit. Sponsoring activi- needs of preschool mentally retarded children. 8036 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 The commonsense solution was to co-op their dren's Village on being the first to receive the his cause abolishing racial discrimination families. Agency Award. and protecting the rights of black Ameri­ The co-op currently provides child care Mr. Speaker, in closing, I would like to say cans everywhere. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, services to mentally retarded children who that it gives me great pleasure to know that are those men filled with youth pride and might otherwise not receive proper care. The the spirit of volunteerism is still thriving in courage, who fought and died for the name staff consists of a manager and four adult America today. The American people are truly of their country in times of war. aides. Families can select from a variety of this Nation's most valuable asset and I am American stands for Democracy, and worry-free and cost-free babysitting services. proud to present the Westchester Volunteer through this democracy, every citizen has The founders of the Respite Care Co-op are Award winners to my colleagues. the right to take part in his country, to con­ to be commended for identifying a problem, tribute what he has to give. finding a solution and seeing it through. Over But, standing right along side America's VERMONT'S VOICE OF the years, they have donated their own spe­ beautiful freedoms, are America's serious DEMOCRACY WINNER problems. We do have our poor, our illiter­ cial talents and have been responsible for ate, and our homeless. America has its farm­ providing quality service not offered by other ers who raise food for thousands of Ameri­ programs. Their involvement has made a real HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS can families, but cannot make enough and positive difference in the lives of York­ OF VERMONT money to fee their own. town families with mentally retarded children. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Like every other country, America has STUDENT VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR Thursday, April17, 1986 made its mistakes. But the one thing about the United States of America that is unlike The 1986 Student Volunteer of the Year is Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, more than any other country in the world is that we, Ms. Jennie Pidel, a student at Saunders 250,000 secondary students participated in the Youth of America, young or old, black Trades and Technical High School. Her volun­ the "Voice of Democracy" scriptwriting con­ or white, rich or poor have the opportunity, teer activities cover a broad spectrum of inter­ test, an annual program conducted by the the ability, the freedom and the right to ests ranging from a rape crisis counselor to a Veterans of Foreign Wars. The theme this change. Our horizon is clearly in sight. We Little Sister in the Yonkers Big Sister/Big year was "New Horizons for America's will resolve these problems, thereby making Brother program. Her first volunteer experi­ Youth." America the best it can possibly be. And ence was when she served at Montifiori and with every new day, every new sunrise we Amy Lynn Shepard is the State winner from must stop to look, as youthful Americans, to North Central Hospitals. Vermont. She is a high school senior at the point where our great land touches the I commend Ms. Pidel for sacrificing her Spaulding High School in Barre, VT. Upon vastness of the sky; our horizon. spare time to better the Yonkers community. graduation she hopes to attend an institution She is a model for all American youths. of higher education in Vermont and pursue a RSVP VOLUNTEER OF THE YEAR career in the theater. IRS REVERSES POLICY ON INDI­ The Retired Senior Volunteer Program's Amy's winning statement speaks to the ANS' SALMON-FISHING INCOME (RSVP) Volunteer of the Year is Mrs. Dorothy "agelessness" of youth, the attitude one has Garber. RSVP is part of a nationwide network toward life which conveys a hope for the HON. MIKE LOWRY designed for persons 60 years of age and future. I am pleased to have this opportunity OF WASHINGTON older who wish to use their skills, life experi­ to share Amy's statement with all of you. A ences, time and energy in serving community copy of the text follows: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES needs. I had walked that way to school every Thursday, April17, 1986 As a volunteer, one of Mrs. Garber's pri­ morning for three years, but this day was different. as I lifted my eyes from the wet Mr. LOWRY of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I mary interests is the Home for the Aged and am submitting an article that appeared in the Blind in Yonkers, NY. She contributes over 3 pavement, my gaze fell first on the familiar, red building and then above it between two Washington Post last month entitled "IRS, Re­ days a week to helping individuals in this Yon­ great mountains out from which the bright, versing Policy, Tries to Net Indians' Salmon­ kers institution. Her warmth and companion­ orange morning sun was peeking through. Fishing Income." This informative article dis­ ship are always welcomed by the residents of In all its newborn glory, it opened the door cusses recent actions by the Internal Revenue the Home for the Aged and Blind. of morning, and set a warm glow on my Service that could abrogate the 1855 treaty Mrs. Garber is invaluable as she assists path and the large brick school I was ap­ between the United States and the Lummi residents with their mail correspondence. She praching. I stopped and stood for a moment and watched. My mind and my heart and Tribal Nation, which is located in Washington takes residents on walks and helps them with State. In a misguided reversal of policy, the their shopping. She, also, is an assistant in my attitude felt different that morning. Through the early mist I saw not only the IRS has determined that the Lummi Tribe the craft classes held at the home. Mrs. sun rise, but opportunity rise, strength rise, must pay Federal taxes on income from Garber is truly a lady to be admired. truth rise, freedom rise; America rise. I wit­ salmon fishing. The action, which could affect CORPORATE AWARD nessed the beginning of a new day, a day in all Indian resources, will be decided in court. The 1986 Corporate Award winner is the which anything was possible. But I also re­ The IRS position is a clear violation of the "St-Att-Us" Volunteers. "The St-Att-Us" is a alized that as an American youth, I had a 1855 treaty and a abdication of our Nation's volunteer program composed of AT&T em­ responsiblity to take part in this new day, to take hold of it and use it. I must make this special fiduciary responsibility to American ployees. ThesD volunteers tutor students from new day my horizon. Indian tribes. Moreover, because the Interior White Plains Middle School, with a particular Yes, I am an American youth. But youth Department opposes the IRS position and the emphasis on Math and English. is not a stage in one's life or a physical ap­ Treasury Department supports it, the Justice AT&T volunteers, through their tutoring ef­ pearance. Youth does not exclude the aged Department cannot represent either agency. forts, encourage and motivate these young­ nor only address the young. For youth is an The Lummis must therefore fight this battle in sters. AT&T grants these volunteers one hour idea-an attitude. Youth is the willingness the courts alone. off a day to tutor these While Plains students. in our hearts to better ourselves. Youth is In making treaties with the United States, The joint effort of AT&T and its selected exuberance and hard work. Youth is not satisfied with mediocrity, but strives for the American Indian tribes gave away incalculable employees have proven very effective and best. wealth in land and natural resources. In ex­ has deservedly been awarded this year's Cor­ Our country was founded on youth. The change, they were guaranteed certain rights porate Award. dreams and aspirations of those first set­ and were promised protection from non-Indian AGENCY AWARD tlers are the cornerstone of this country. encroachment. These rights and protections The Children's Village is the first recipient of Such far strength in those from home, are the cornerstones of the tribes' efforts to Westchester's Corporate Volunteer Council eager to form a community in which men become economically independent, a goal could truly live free, could only have come Award. This award is given to highlight non­ from the vitality of youth. Those who ex­ supported by the current administration's 1983 profit agency programs that demonstrate the panded our country, bringing it west in Indian Policy Statement. Our Nation has most creative use of corporate volunteers. search of gold, followed their youthful broken faith on Indian treaties far too many The corporate volunteers serve as tutors, con­ dreams. A young Martin Luther King, Jr., times. Action by the IRS must not add to this sultants, and friends. I congratulate the Chil- exhausted all of his youthful energies into shameful legacy. April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8037 This administration's economic policies Meese, however, has sided with the IRS. impose a charge upon it," former Interior have been marked by lavish tax cuts for large Because the Justice Department cannot rep­ solicitor William Coldiron wrote in an opin­ corporations and the well-to-do, lower funding resent both agencies, the Lummis must ion to Watt two years ago. defend themselves. The IRS, however, has quite another view. for vital domestic programs, and massive in­ "I have great sympathy for the tribe's po­ Treaties or no treaties, the agency told In­ creases in military spending. It is no wonder sition," said Ross 0. Swimmer, assistant In­ terior, "as Indians individually attain an that the administration is looking for new terior secretary for Indian affairs. "I think economic level comparable to that of other sources of revenue. However, instead of trying the tribe has a good argument." Americans, then it is to be expected that to raise revenue by taxing Indian resources It is also, to hear the Indians tell it, a very they will be taxed accordingly." that are protected by law, the administration well-used argument. To allow otherwise, the IRS said, would should develop economic policies that make "Every time there's an economic crunch in leave the tax code at the mercy of Indians sense. the government, Treasury tries to tax some with "business expertise advanced well Indian resources," Said Joe DeLaCruz, beyond the more primitive, land-oriented I urge my colleagues to review the Wash­ chairman of the Quinault Indian Nation, cultural stages." ington Post article closely and work to oppose another Washington state tribe that relies Indians read that as a broad attack on all the IRS position. on salmon income. "They're looking around treaties and tribal resources, despite assur­ fFrom the Washington Post, Mar. 16, 19861 and saying, 'Geez, where can we get some ances to the contrary from Interior officials, "This would never result in Indians losing IRS, REVERSING POLICY, TRIES TO NET more revenue?' " INDIANS' SALMON-FISHING INCOME Indians, like other Americans, pay federal the fish," Swimmer said. "It's a very pure and state taxes on income earned off the legal argument." The responsibility lies with those pitable to the extension of terrorism beyond forded to the PLO terrorist Leila Haled, states that regard the terrorist gangs as the Arab world itself-against Israel, against who hijacked a plane. comradely anti-Western and anti-democratic France, against Britain, etc. It is in the con­ The terrorist holding his hand over the forces, and permit them to be trained on text of that traditional culture of violence mouth of the pilot of TWA Flight 874 at their territories, and provide them with that the terrorism perpetrated against Beirut airport last year. weapons and ammunition, funds, diplomat­ Israel by the Arab world is to be understood. The decapitated body of a five-year-old ic, political, economic, and intelligence and girl in Nahariya, in 1981. moral support. Second, we have to realize that there is no The body of the American The responsibility lies with states like <2> All offices of terrorist organizations, able unless we decide immediately to take Syria, Libya, Iraq, Iran, that organize, direct the steps necessary to put an end to this dis­ such as those of the PLO, should be closed and support proxy terrorist forces, and pro­ and their operations banned. ease. vide every kind of practical assistance to the Two things are required-political wisdom (3) It should be made clear by the political terrorists. These are lawless states engaged decisions of democratic governments that and moral will. in lawless actions-they are guilty of state First comes a proper understanding of ter­ terrorism. there can be no bonus for terrorism. No one rorism. Then it is a question of the will to should try to pacify a terrorist organization act. So we must ask two questions: Who is <10) The responsibility lies with those who such as the PLO by granting it the privilege responsible for the persistence of terrorism, seek the "root causes" of terrorism, and who of being a party to any political or diplomat­ and what can be done to combat it? seek to "explain" or "understand" the ter­ ic negotiation. Any attempt to compromise, (1) The responsibility lies with those rorists and their motivations and aspira­ in any shape, manner or form, with terrorist democratic states that thought that Israel tions. Such explanations function in effect gangs will only encourage terrorism. to justify terrorist acts. would be the only victim. Now they see (4) There must be a total ban on landing their own innocent citizens victimized. This fashionable "understanding" is a rights in the democratic countries for the (2) The responsibility lies with those who form of moral confusion. All over the world airplanes of states-like Libya, Syria, Iran, make a distinction between terrorists, there are all sorts of groups with all sorts of Iraq-that encourage terrorism. saying that Abu Nidal is a "bad" terrorist grievances. If "understanding" were to be but Arafat is a "good" terrorist. extended to their "root causes," they would (5) No commercial exchanges, no econom­ My friends, there is no such thing as a have carte blanche to murder, in order to ic relations, should be established with good terrorist, and anyone who makes such gain "redress". Should they be permitted to countries that provide assistance to terrorist a distinction in effect condones and encour­ run amok with their Kalashnikovs? organizations, and sanctions should be ages terrorism. Indeed, such distinctions in­ Mass murder is mass murder, and no taken against such states. evitably paralyze action whenever terrorism grievance can justify it, nor will "under­ We do not think there is any justification rears it ugly head. standing" avert or eliminate terrorism. for considering Saudi Arabia a peace-loving <3> The responsibility lies with the West (11) The responsibility lies with the coun­ country so long as it provides-as it has European states of the European Economic tries that condemned Israel for having been doing for years-$250 million a year to Community that, because of oil, adopted a taken action, at great risk to itself, against the PLO-funds that are used for killing resolution in November 1973, following the PLO headquarters outside Tunis. The UN Americans, Israelis, and other innocents. invasion of Israel by Syria and Egypt, con­ Security Council resolution condemning the <6> There must be closer cooperation in demning the victim rather than the aggres­ :raid was an encouragement to even more the exchange of intelligence information sors. terrorism. Instead of punishing the aggres­ among democratic governments. Fortunate­ (4) The responsibility lies with those who sor, the victim was indicted. And now the ly, the framework for a system for such ex­ for years refused the extradition of terror­ PLO fighters boast publicly of being back in change already exists; it should be broad­ ists, but instead let them go free. Beirut, in force. ened and strengthened. April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8039 (7) The role of the mass media, especially LET'S RENEW OUR COMMIT­ MATH EDUCATION IN UNITED television. in providing instant, intense and MENT TO MARITIME EDUCA­ STATES IS BOTH SUPERB AND wide-ranging attention to acts of intema­ TION MEDIOCRE tional terrorism must be very carefully eval­ uated. On the one hand, there are the fun­ damental freedoms of press and speech to HON. BARBARA A. MIKULSKI HON. TIMOTHY J. PENNY be zealously protected. On the other hand, we must recognize that those very freedoms OF MARYLAND OF MINNESOTA are abused and exploited by the terrorists­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for what they seek, above all, is publicity. The tension between freedom and the re­ Thursday, April17, 1986 Thursday, April17, 1986 quirements of security is not new. nor is it Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the House Mr. PENNY. Mr. Speaker, as you are aware, restricted to the area of terrorism. Very pos­ Merchant Marine and Fisheries Committee, on the week of April 14 through April 20, 1986, sibly, this is a tension that will never be which I serve, recently approved H.R. 4175, has been designated as "National Mathemat­ fully resolved, and will always remain a di­ the MarAd Authorization for fiscal year 1987. ics Awareness Week." lemma for democratic societies to grapple The purpose of the designation is to bring with, especially in emergency situations. Contained in this legislation is badly needed funding for the U.S. Merchant Marine Acade­ about an increased public awareness of the But in doing so. we should always be keenly vital importance of mathematics education in my in King's Point, NY. In addition. the bill in­ aware of the dangers to our freedoms posed America. As the author of the following article by those who would curtail or destroy them. cludes assistance for the State maritime acad­ recently stated in his testimony before the Na­ (8) Finally, a profoundly important emies in California, Maine, Massachusetts, tional Science Board: moral/intellectual dimension. All too often. Michigan, New York and Texas. people in democratic societies praise. or at The mathematics community itself has Many of us were disappointed by the ad­ recognized the need for coordinated action least condone, so-called national liberation ministration's request to eliminate funding for movements for using terrorist means to gain to address the basic facts of mathematics their ends. the State maritime academies. and ultimately and mathematics education: that mathe­ A legitimate movement of freedom fight­ to force the committee to take some funds for matics is fundamental to science. that it is King's Point to offset this shortfall. changing rapidly, and that it is a seainless ers for national liberation does not, like the fabric from grade school to graduate school. PLO. use violence as a first resort-does not We hear frequently about tt1e demise of the target innocent civilians-does not, like the U.S. merchant marine. We are told that the Lynn Arthur Steen, a professor of mathe­ PLO, aim to annihilate its adversary. administration believes that a strong merchant matics at St. Olaf College in Minnesota. also Acceptance of such behavior reflects not marine is vital for our Nation's defense. Yet serves as the President of the Mathematical only a debasement of language, but a deep we see administration policies which under­ Association of America. In an article which re­ moral and intellectual confusion. which mine building a future for this industry by elimi­ cently appeared in the Minneapolis Star and must be rigorously clairfied and rejected if Tribune, Mr. Steen uses the Minnesota exam­ nating funds to train young men and women in we are to be able to act decisively against ple to point out the inconsistency of mathe­ the maritime profession. terrorism. matics education today. He stresses that the · Many of us know graduates from King's policy that must be followed is one of commit­ • • • • Point or the State academies. They serve as ment to excellence. I agree. It has become fashionable to include senior executives for many maritime compa­ Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to share Mr. something on terrorism at every conference nies. They are the officers and mates on ships Steen's fine commentary with my colleagues. on the Middle East. But I did not come here which sail from Baltimore, New York, Long [From the Minneapolis Star and Tribune, this afternoon to add my bit to this fad. Beach and New Orleans. They are the men Mar. 31 , 19861 I came to express my solidarity, and the and women whom we call upon first in a na­ solidarity of the State of Israel-and, if I MATH EDUCATION IN U.S. IS BOTH SUPERB tional crisis to serve on the ships which carry AND MEDIOCRE may say so. of the Jewish people-with all supplies to our troops in hostile parts of the the victims of terrorism and their families: (By Lynn Arthur Steen) With all those who lost their dear ones at world. The schools which trained these individuals NoRTHFIELD, MN.-There are two sides to airports in Paris, Vienna, Rome, Munich. every story, but frequently only one makes With the members of the various diplo­ serve as the foundation for the U.S. merchant headlines. "U.S. students near bottom in 18- matic corps still held in captivity. marine of tomorrow. The money we give to nation math study" was on the front page With the American Ambassador to the these institutions is not just a current expense. of the Star and Tribune March 12. "U.S. Sudan who was murdered by Arafat's men but a valuable investment in the future of our students near top in International Mathe­ in 1972. merchant fleet. matical Olympiad" was not on the front With Bar Simantov, my Counselor of the Even though our U.S.-flag fleet has sunk to page-or on any page-of the Star and Trib­ Embassy in Paris, who was shot down on une last summer. Saturday, April 3, 1982, in front of his wife historically low levels, I believe that shipping is Such are the vagaries of journalism-bad and his eight-year-old daughter. a business which runs in cycles. The slump of news captures headlines, good news doesn't. With the innocent civilian patrons of de­ the late 1970's and the 1980's will reverse Nevertheless. the headline that was printed partment stores and cafes in Rome and itself, provided we promote the industry, and and the one that wasn't are both true. Paris. train the people necessary to help put it back That's a paradox worth exploring: How can With my dear friend and close colleagues U.S. students be near both the bottom and on its feet. the top of international comparisons of of 30 years-Shlomo Argov-a man of great In fact, a recently completed defense study humanity and a diplomat of unequalled mathematical achievement? indicated we will need the equivalent of 75 Other paradoxes arise when one looks talent and skill who in the 1960s and 1970s new handy-size tankers by 1990 if we are to closely at mathematics education in Minne­ served Israel in this city of Washington with have sufficient sealift capacity. This alone sota. On the one hand, we read regularly distinction. devotion and pride-and subse­ about our state's high standing in the SAT quently our Ambassador in England, who suggests that cutting maritime education is penny-wise today and pound-foolish for tomor­ scores. On the other hand, Minnesota regu­ was gunned down in the streets of London larly performs near the bottom of the four years ago-and who, now paralyzed, is row. American High School Mathematics Exami­ doomed to spend the rest of his life in a The Merchant Marine and Fisheries Com­ nation that screens U.S. students for the wheel chair in Jerusalem. mittee has strongly supported maritime educa­ International Mathematical Olympiad. We who meet here, at an AIPAC confer­ tion in the past and has taken steps to protect One lesson from this is that averages of ence, have a solemn moral obligation to re­ it in the era of Gramm-Rudman. I suggest that test scores reflect quality about as reliably member the fate of Shlomo Argov and all the House take seriously the principle that the as do pronouncements by the proverbial used-car salesman. So many factors can in­ the other victims, to let that memory and next generation is our brightest hope for the those images spur us on to determined and fluence average scores-such as which stu­ vigorous efforts to battle terrorism to the future and continue to fight the loss of funds dents take the exam or how well the exam end. for maritime education during the debate on matches the curriculum-that one should Thank you very much. the fiscal year 1987 budget. never jump to conclusions. 8040 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 The truth is that U.S. mathematics educa­ origins of Ph.D. scientists, while St. Olaf GRAMM-RUDMAN GOALS SAID TO BE tion is both superb and mediocre. At every College will graduate nearly 100 mathemat­ ATTAINABLE educational level, from primary school ics majors this year-about 1 percent of the BROOKINGS ECONOMISTS CALL TARGETS SOUND through graduate school, certain institu­ total national pool. tions provide mathematics education at a With support from the National Science striking out the second and third sen­ only makes sense that flexibility should be Exchange Act, and make several technical im- tences and inserting in lieu thereof the fol­ lowing: "The foregoing prohibitions shall given the VA to fulfill that mandate. provements to that act. The text of the bill fol­ not apply to any transaction or class of The recent recommendation by the chief lows: transactions that the Commission, by rule medical director's vet center planning commit­ H.R. 4613 or regulation, has determined would not be tee has recommended this provision and has Be it enacted by the Senate and House of contrary to the public interest or otherwise Representatives of the United States of inconsistent with the purposes of this sec­ also recommended a gradual decline in the tion.". number of vet centers. In addition, representa­ America in Congress assembled, That this tives from the major veterans organizations Act may be cited as the "Futures Trading REAUTHORIZATION who serve on the agency's advisory committee Act of 1986". SEc. 6. Effective October 1, 1986, Section FRAUDULENT PRACTICES 12(d) of the Commodity Exchange Act (7 on Vietnam veterans have voted support for U.S.C. 16(d)) is amended to read as follows: this proposal and there is no opposition among SEc. 2. Section 4b of the Commodity Ex­ "(d) There hereby are authorized to be ap­ them. change Act <7 U.S.C. 6b) is amended by- propriated to carry out the provisions of <1) striking out "on or subject to the rules Let me stress that this provision is only of any contract market," in the first sen­ this Act such sums as may be required for intended as a management tool for the VA to tence; each of the fiscal years during the period make rational decisions based on needs of the (2) designating the first sentence as sub­ beginning October 1, 1986, and ending Sep­ readjustment counseling program and the loca­ section (a) and the second sentence as sub­ tember 30, 1989.". tion of counseling services delivery and in order section (b); and REGISTERED FUTURES ASSOCIATION DISCLIPLIN­ to avoid arbitrary legislative restrictions. (3) adding, at the end thereof, the follow­ ARY ACTIONS AND MEMBERSHIP RESTRICTIONS ing: SEc. 7. Subsections (h) and {i) of section 17 The second provision related to Vietnam vet­ "(c) Nothing in this section shall apply to of the Commodity Exchange Act <7 U.S.C. erans is the establishment of a readjustment any activity that occurs on a board of trade, 21 (h) and {i)) are amended to read as fol­ counseling professional fellowship program. exchange, market, or clearinghouse for such lows: Eligibility for this program would be for Vietnam board of trade, exchange, or market located "(h)(1) If any registered futures associa­ era veterans who are accepted for study in a outside the United States, its territories, or tion takes any final disciplinary action post-baccalaureate program in an accredited its possessions involving any contract of sale against a member thereof or a person asso­ educational institution and in a field related to of a COJll!D.Odity for future delivery that is ciated with a member, or denies admission made, or to be made, on or subject to the to any person seeking membership therein the provision of readjustment counseling serv­ rules of such board of trade, exchange, or or bars any person from being associated ices. market.". with a member, the association promptly In exchange for payment of fellowship sup­ shall file notice thereof with the Commis­ EXTRATERRITORIAL SERVICE OF SUBPENAS sion. The notice shall be in such form and port, the veterans would sign a written agree­ SEc. 3. Section 6(b) of the Commodity Ex­ ment to accept a position as a readjustment contain such information as the Commis­ change Act <7 U.S.C. 15) is amended by- sion, by rule, may prescribe as necessary or counselor with the Veterans Administration for {1) inserting "(except as provided in the appropriate in furtherance of the purposes 2 years after completion of the course of train­ proviso of the following sentence)" immedi­ of this Act. ing. ately before "may administer oaths and af­ "(2) Any action with respect to which a firmations, subpena witnesses" in the third registered futures association is required by There are several advantages to this pro­ sentence; gram: paragraph <1) of this subsection to file (2) striking out "or any State" in the notice shall be subject to review by the First, it would allow current vet center coun­ fourth sentence and inserting in lieu there­ Commission on its motion, or on application selors to obtain academic training to augment of ", any State, or any foreign country or ju­ by any person aggrieved thereby. Such ap­ their experience. risdiction"; and plication must be filed within thirty days (3) inserting, immediately before the after the date such notice was filed with the Second, for veterans who have not been period at the end of the fourth sentence, a Commission and received by the aggrieved directly involved in readjustment counseling, it semicolon and "and a subpena issued under person, or within such longer period as the would be an opportunity to gain knowledge and this subsection may be served on any person Commission may determine. training. who is not to be found within the territorial "(3) Application to the Commission for jurisdiction of any court of the United review, or the institution of review by the Third, the "payback" provision would ensure States in such manner as the Federal Rules an adequate number of trained Vietnam Veter­ Commission on its own motion, shall not op­ of Civil Procedure prescribe for service of erate as a stay of such action unless the ans to provide readjustment counseling and to process in a foreign country: Provided, That Commission otherwise orders, summarily or reinforce the successes that have been pro­ a subpena to be served on a person outside after notice and opportunity for hearing on duced by the vet center program in treating the territorial jurisdiction of any court of the question of a stay the method of adoption of any position. The head of state in the parlia­ sanction in accordance with paragraph <2> change in or addition to the rules of the as­ mentary system is comparable to the Vice­ of this subsection, or remand the case to the sociation; President in the United States. association for further proceedings; or "(C) the method of choosing officers and In many of these countries, the Prime " if the Commission does not make any directors; Minister is chosen by the head of state. The such finding, it shall set aside, by order, the " safeguards with respect to the finan- Prime Minister is not directly elected by the sanction imposed by the association and, if cial responsibility of members; people. The person holding that honored appropriate, remand the case to the associa­ "(E) the manner, method, and place of so­ position is selected by the political party in tion for further proceedings. liciting business by members, including the control of the government. The Legislative "(2) If after a proceeding in accordance content of such solicitations; and branch of a Parliamentary government, also with paragraph <1) of this subsection, the "(F) the form and manner of handling, re­ similar to the United States, usually has a Commission finds that any penalty imposed cording, and accounting for customer bicameral legislature. In England, the upper on a member or person associated with a orders, transactions, and accounts by mem­ house is not elected by the people, but member is excessive or oppressive, having bers.". rather is controlled by families that have due regard for the public interest, the Com­ had ancestors who made a notable contribu­ mission, by order, shall cancel, reduce, or re­ tion to Britain. Knighthood and feudal tra­ quire the remission of the penalty. WINNING ESSAYS dition still provide a basis of operation "(3) In any proceeding to review the among the members of the upperhouse. Our denial of membership in a registered futures HON.HENRYJ.HYDE upper house, somewhat more aloof than the association or the barring of any person House politically, still is based on popular from being associated with a member, after OF ILLINOIS government rather than heriditary rule. appropriate notice and hearing if the Commission finds that (i) the school students in my district, and I am very rectly elected by secret ballot by the people specific grounds on which the denial or bar pleased to announce the winners today. of Israel. is based exist in fact, (ii) the denial or bar is The Judicial systeins in these govern­ in accordance with the rules of the associa­ The first place winner in the senior high cat­ egory is Michael Lubelfeld, a resident of Des ments are also similar. Both Parliamentary tion, and (iii) such rules are, and were ap­ and United States Judicial systeins consist plied in a manner, consistent with the pur­ Plaines, who attends Maine Township High of inferior and superior courts. A significant poses of this Act, the Commission, by order, School East in Park Ridge. difference, though, is that the United States shall dismiss the proceeding; or The first place winner in the junior high cat­ Supreme Court has the power of judicial "(B) if the Commission does not make any egory is Mary Ellen Ford, a resident of Park review. This means that the Supreme Court such finding, it shall set aside, by order, the can determine that actions by the other sanction imposed by the association and re­ Ridge who attends Mary, Seat of Wisdom School in Park Ridge. branches of government officials are uncon­ quire it to admit the applicant to member­ stitutional, thereby null and void. The ship therein, or permit the person to be as­ I congratulate both Mr. Lubelfeld and Miss Ford for their outstanding essays, which are House of Lords in Britain serves as the sociated with a member. equivalent to our Supreme Court. · "(4) Any person of A unique quality of the United States gov­ this Act.". I'm most pleased to share the winning essays with my colleagues: ernment is its system of checks and bal­ REGISTERED FUTURES ASSOCIATION RULES ances. This system allows all three branches SEc. 8. Section 17(j) of the Commodity THE EUROPEANIZATION OF .AMERICA to work separately, but always able to check Exchange Act <7 U.S.C. 21(j)) is amended by one of the others' work and therefore main­ striking out the third sentences. Our world is diverse in many ways, espe­ tain a balance of power within the govern­ Section 17(k) of the Commodity Ex­ cially the way in which we govern ourselves. ment. This system is not used in the Parlia­ change Act <7 U.S.C. 2l and inserting in lieu thereof the United States Constitution. The United ernment should parliament fail to provide a the following: "If such association fails to States, with its republican form of govern­ vote of confidence in their leadership during adopt such alteration or supplement within ment, has been governed by that document a national crisis. A prime minister may hold a reasonable time, the Commission, by for over two hundred years. Other coun­ power for twenty-four hours, twenty-four order, may alter or supplement the rules of tries, for example, the democratic countries days or, after several elections, twenty-four such association in the manner theretofore of Israel, Canada, Japan and those in west­ years. In other words, a Prime Minister's requested, or with such modification of such em Europe, also have constitutions, but power to rule depends on constant approval alteration or supplement as it deeins neces­ they have parliamentary governments. This of their policies by Parliament. On the sary, if, after appropriate notice and oppor­ paper will focus on the differences in de­ other hand, in the United States, regardless tunity for hearing, it appears to the Com­ mocracy between the parliamentary system of crisis, the President is in control, still mission that such alteration or supplement and the United States system. able to exercise his constitutional duties. is necessary or appropriate in the public in­ Parliamentary government is set up some­ This system provides stability, greater flexi­ terest to ensure fair dealing by the members what like the United States government. bility, and a more secure government. Just of such association or to ensure a fair repre­ Both types of government consist of three prior to World War II, the government of sentation of its members in the administra­ branches of government; the executive, leg­ Neville Chamberlain (in Britain) had a tion of its affairs, or to effectuate the pur­ islative and judicial. The difference between policy of appeasement towards Hitler. Soon poses of this section. Such alterations or the two types of government is in how each after, Hitler was dominating all of Europe, supplements may specify changes with re­ branch carries out its various duties. Al­ German bombs fell on Britain and so did spect to such matters as- though both types of government are struc­ Chamberlain's government. Chamberlain " the basis for, and procedure in con­ turally similar, theoretical differences do failed to obtain a vote of confidence from nection with, the denial of membership or exist. Parliament and he was out of office. Where­ the barring from being associated with a In the parliamentary system, the execu­ as, if President Roosevelt made a question­ member or the disciplining of members or tive branch of government consists of the able decision, there would not have been a Aprill'l, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8047 new government, but the President would Totalitarianism is a political concept solute power through a special system of have had a chance to correct his mistake. whereby the citizens of a state are totally checks and balances. Recently in England, Prime Minister subjected to an absolute authority. The Obedience through fear as with totalitari­ Thatcher's government was faced with a rulers have unlimited power. anism is not obedience. It is intimidation. very major problem, the nation's coal To be a citizen of a country advocating Citizens must become very undemanding if miners were on strike. Mrs. Thatcher, had either democracy or totalitarianism usually they wish to survive in such a place. she not received support of parliament, means you are a person who resides or in­ Citizens of a totalitarian state must meet could have lost her power from something habits that country and is one who gives al­ the demands of the government. as mundane as a coal miners' strike. In the legiance to that country. However, being a The government of a democracy must United States, with our more stable system, good citizen doesn't stop there. Citizenship meet the demands of the citizens. if there is a strike that shuts down a signifi­ also brings along responsibilities. Is it, then, any more demanding to be a cant supply of important resources to the Let's compare a citizen of the Soviet citizen of totalitarianism than it is to be a American people, the government could not Union who lives with totalitarianism with a citizen of democracy? I feel this way: No collapse-no matter how serious the prob­ citizen of the United States of America who matter which country you live in, no matter lem. experiences democracy. Both would give al­ which policy you live with, if you are a Another interesting difference between legiance to the country they reside in and person of conscience both citizenships can these two governments, is the role of politi­ would be able to demand protection from be most demanding. cal parties. Political parties play key roles in their country. The United States citizen will try to main­ government. In the United States, there are The citizen of the Soviet Union is answer­ tain freedom through being a responsible two major parties, with many other minor able to someone in higher authority in citizen. The Soviet citizen who has a con­ parties. The citizens of the United States every aspect of his life. He is dependent on science and wants a better life must live elect the people running for office directly, the wishes and whims of the political party with the demanding pressure of loyalty to regardless of what party affiliation they and its leaders. His life is determined for his country while maintaining integrity. have. Whereas in a parliamentary system, him as far as his occupation, his education, However, if you take a person in America the party plays a much larger role. In and his social affairs. All are coordinated to who doen't take his civic responsibility to effect, with the parliament system, political serve the purpose of the "party". heart and walks through life as a zombie parties, not people, are what is being elect­ There is no friendly competition. Every­ ... his life is an undemanding as the totali­ ed. The people elect a party in the lower thing done is done "for the good of the tarian citizen who chooses to walk through house and whichever party party". life as a zombie. receives the majority of votes, is called the The Soviet citizen is manipulated through The answer to the question is as different majority party. The prime minister is then the government's absolute control of mass as each person is different-as each person's selected by the majority party. When the communication, the secret-police, a monopo­ conscience is different. prime minister's party loses majority, the ly of all weapons, and a certainly controlled government is dissolved. economy. This citizen is not asked to ques­ A very common question is this: should tion anything. He is praised if he turns in a the United States of America adopt a parlia­ neighbor, parent, child, or co-worker if he TRIBUTE TO GEORGE W. mentary form of government? The United witnesses them acting independently. STRICK States government is entirely elected by the Work permits are issued to citizens who people, to govern for the people, so the peo­ behave. If the worker would complain of ple's directly wishes can and will be carried foul working conditions, the permit would HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER out at every level of government. The par­ be taken away and that would mean virtual OF PENNSYLVANIA liamentary government evolved from the death for the worker and his family. old fashioned ideas of monarchy. A parlia­ The responsibility of this citizen of totali­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mentary system would contradict the princi­ tarianism is to obey without question for Thursday, April17, 1986 ples of the United States' constitutional the sake of the state. The citizen may be government. The American people pride compared to a child who is taken care of by Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, next week, themselves in the form of government that a parent. If the child-citizen asks "why", he a very good friend of mine and of working they have. In the parliamentary form the is told "because I say so". If he would ask men and women from all over America, upper house is made up of elite appointed "why" too often, the punishment gets to be George Strick, will retire from his position on or hereditary officials who can do whatever so severe that he no longer wants to ques­ the executive board of the Communications they wish and whatever their parties wish. tion. It must be a very difficult life to want Workers of America. He will be ending over a However, in this country, the legislators of to ask questions and get no answers. quarter-century of service to the CWA, half of both houses represent all of the wishes and A citizen of the United States of America ideas of the people who they represent. is free because many years ago people were which has been spent as vice president of dis­ Parliamentary. government in the United told to obey and dared to ask "why". They trict 2 in Washington, DC. States would be detrimental and contradic­ did something about it. The Constitution of George has been a progressive pioneer and tory to the principles of the Constitution. the United States guarantees this citizen union builder for the Communications Workers The Constitution was set up so that the gov­ freedom to choose. This citizen has rights since serving as CWA representative in ernment would always have to respond to that the government declares and enforces: Kansas City, his hometown, beginning in the peoples' needs through the check and The right to worship as he chooses; 1960. balance system. The citizens of the United The right to express opinions through Before joining the CWA, George wcrked for States of America are very unique and di­ voice and media; verse and they have learned to accept and The right to live and work where he Southwestern Bell beginning in 1946 after dis­ respect this form of government that has wishes; tinguished service in the U.S. Army during the been around since the independence of the The right to urge the government to cor- Second World War. country. Freedom to elect all public offi­ rect injustices: Since coming to Washington, DC, in 1965, cials, to question policies and to change the The right to a speedy trial if necessary; George has been very active in local charities policies is every American's right. American The right to assemble peaceably; and community activities including service on people would not accept the idea of the Par­ The right to bear arms to protect his be­ the board of directors of the United Way. liamentary government. longings; I first got to know George as a freshman The right to be free from unlawful Member of Congress in 1977 and he was kind How DEMANDING IS LIBERTY? searches of his property. Every American citizen has these rights enough to help guide me around and through Is it any more demanding to be a citizen of the ways of Capitol Hill. Since that time he a country that follows the form of govern­ and the responsibility to be aware and in­ ment called Democracy than to be a citizen formed of the kind of people he or she has been a great friend and a man on whom I in a Totalitarian State? elects into government. Every person has could always rely. Democracy is a form of government that the right to choose how they will live as Mr. Speaker, on behalf of all my colleagues gains its power directly and indirectly from long as they respect the rights of others. who know and admire George Strick as I do, I the people through a system of representa­ The government of the United States gets wish him a happy, healthy and well-deserved its power from the people. The leaders are tion. It is a system that operates "through retirement. The Communications Workers of the consent of the governed". 1 answerable to the citizens. The people keep the elected officials America, the American labor movement, and honest. Three branches of the government the U.S. Congress are all very grateful to 1 Constitution of the United States of America. insure that no one person or group has ab- George Strick for a job well done. 8048 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 CONGRESS MUST KEEP market. In order to generate new mortgage when California flood and Mexico earthquake ORIGINAL GOALS IN MIND funds, GNMA, created by the Federal Govern­ victims needed assistance, Operation Santa ment to facilitate the growth of the secondary Claus was on the spot. HON. JOHN R. McKERNAN, JR. market, guarantees privately issued securities The illustrious achievements of Jim Nelson OF MAI:NE backed by pools of FHA and VA loans. How­ and his fleet of dedicated volunteers are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ever, Ginnie Mae is limited on the volume of worthy of praise and admiration. On behalf of securities it can insure. On April 7, Ginnie Mae the Sacramento community, I commend the Thursday, April17, 1986 reached its 1986 limit of $65.3 billion. dedication and concern of Jim Nelson and his Mr. McKERNAN. Mr. Speaker, how can it Congress must act p ·omptly to extend this entire staff. Their sincere efforts to aid the be that over 4 months have passed since the limit. In addition, action must be taken to pre­ needy have earned my highest respect and endorsement and approval of the Gramm­ vent an interruption in FHA mortgage insur­ gratitude. Rudman-Hollings legislation to eliminate Fed­ ance operations. I have cosponsored legisla­ eral deficit spending, and yet the development tion, H.R. 4602, that ircreases the limitation of the fiscal year 1987 budget remains in its on the amount loans FHA can insure from TRIBUTE TO KYLE "BUCK" most preliminary stages? The passage of the $57.4 billion to $95 billion and increases the MORRIS April 15 deadline for final congressional action limitation on the amount of mortgage-backed of a budget resolution has not gone unnoticed securities GNMA can guarantee. HON. W. HENSON MOORE and, in fact, is a warning sign, and a cause for Without action, FHA- and VA-insured mort­ OF LOtTISIANA great concern. gages will either disappear or prove too costly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As a nation, we carry a tremendous budget for most buyers. Congress must not allow that deficit and an overwhelming collective debt. to happen at a time when millions of young Thursday, April17, 1986 Our interest payments alone speak to the families are finding homeownership affordable Mr. MOORE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to magnitude of the problem; we are currently for the first time in many years. take this opportunity to call to your attention a servicing our debt at a rate which consumes Mr. Speaker, I am hopeful that Congress story that not many hear of these days: A 15 percent of our budget. Last December 11 , will act soon to resolve this pending crisis. We story of heroism, a story of a man who gave we admitted this problem, and put into place a must make certain all Americans are given an his own life for the sake and safety of an­ mechanism to force Congress into making the opportunity to reap the benefit of today's fall­ other. This is a story of a private citizen who decisions necessary to reduce deficit spend­ ing mortgage rates. witnessed a crime and was not going to stand ing. And yet, here we are, without a budget by and let an offender get away. Mr. Kyle plan for next year, despite the threat of auto­ "Buck" Morris of Baton Rouge, LA, after wit­ matic spending cuts. I am hearing from many CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO JIM NELSON nessing a 14-year-old snatch a purse, chased Mainers who rely upon such programs as the youth through the streets of Baton Rouge Meals-on-Wheels, who are struggling to obtain until the boy stopped, pulled a gun, shot and a higher education, who do not have an HON. ROBERT T. MATSUI killed him. income sufficient to afford home heating; the OF CALIFORNIA Our President on the occasion of his first in­ message which they send me is that a 4.3- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES auguration on January 20, 1981, spoke of percent cut was quite a burden to bear, but Thursday, April17, 1986 heroes. He said: the devastation which deeper, indiscriminate Those who say we are in a time where cuts would cause is unthinkable. Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, today I have the there are no heroes: They just don't know With the passage of Tuesday's deadline, I distinct honor of congratulating Jim Nelson, where to look . . . they are individuals and am concerned that we have forgotten the im­ the creator and director of Operation Santa families whose taxes support the Govern­ plications of our inaction. I am concerned that Claus in my Sacramento, CA, congressional ment and whose voluntary gifts support we are not making the decisions that we were district. Mr. Nelson's dedicated volunteer serv­ church, charity, culture, art and education. ice has come to the aid of thousands of Their patriotism is quiet but deep. Their sent here to make. I urge my colleagues to values sustain our national life. keep our original goals in mind, and to not needy people in Sacramento and worldwide. lose sight of the consequences which will be For his efforts and profound accomplish­ Buck Morris was such a hero as he gave set into motion should we fail to meet our re­ ments, Mr. Nelson will receive the distin­ the greatest gift of all because he felt deeply sponsibilities. guished President's Volunteer Action Award and his values are the highest of our national on April 21, 1986. life. Jim Nelson's altruistic Operation Santa Mr. Morris' leaves a wife, two very young CONGRESS MUST ACT TO IN­ Claus began in 1948 when, joined by a few ci­ children and an entire city where there is CREASE LIMIT ON FHA AND VA vilian employees at the Sacramento Army nothing but admiration felt for him. Friends MORTGAGES Depot, he provided a Christmas dinner for two and relatives all remember him as a loyal and military families who otherwise would have honest person who would not tolerate injus­ HON.THO~J.MANTON gone hungry. For 29 years this noble holiday tice. I admire and commend him for these OF NEW YORK tradition continued and flourished. traits and am heartfully sorry for his death and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Realizing that for some people hunger is a the loss to his family, friends, and neighbors year round condition, Mr. Nelson has expand­ have endured. Thursday, April17, 1986 ed his philanthropic organization. For the past I bring this story to your attention because Mr. MANTON. Mr. Speaker, the recent de­ 8 years, Operation Santa Claus has served such extraordinary acts of bravery and our cline in home mortgage rates is a welcome the needy throughout the year by donating heroes should not go unnoticed. I am certain development. Mortgage rates are at their over 7,000 boxes of food to the poor each that the citizens of Baton Rouge will never lowest levels since the late seventies. More year. forget Buck Morris, nor should we. and more Americans are finding it possible to In addition to food, Operation Santa Claus afford a new home. Furthermore, millions of has donated 84 dental units to 22 Arizona existing homeowners are rushing to refinance Indian reservations, equipment for a communi­ NEW GI BILL IMPORTANT TO double-digit mortgages at today's lower rates. ty medical center in rural northern California, STRONG NATIONAL DEFENSE This rush of activity has pushed the Govern­ refurbished bicycles for disadvantaged Sacra­ ment National Mortgage Association [GNMA] mento news carriers and provided additional HON. G. V. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY to the limit on the volume of mortgage-backed bikes to a southern California orphanage. OF MISSISSIPPI securities it can guarantee. In addition, FHA is Their range of services and accomplishments IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nearing the limit on the volume of mortgages are ever increasing. it can insure. Jim Nelson's exemplary organization is not Thursday, April17, 1986 Mr. Speaker, FHA and VA mortgages are only prepared for day-to-day crisis, but also Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, the Di­ commonly sold on the secondary mortgage for unexpected emergencies. For example, rector of the Air National Guard, Maj. Gen. Aprill'l, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8049 John B. Conaway, is a strong supporter of the THE MEDICARE FAIR HOSPITAL The "Medicare Fair Hospital Deductible Act new Gl bill. He states in the following letter DEDUCTIBLE ACT OF 1986 of 1986" follows: that 75 percent-4,651-of the Air Guards­ H.R. 4620 men who enlisted or reenlisted for 6 years HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL Be it enacted by the Senate and House of during the first 5 months of the new Gl bill did OF CALIFORNIA Representatives of the United States of so because of this education program. America in Congress assembled, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This phenomenal statistic clearly illustrates SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. the power of the new Gl bill as a recruitment Thursday, April17, 1986 This Act may be cited as the "Medicare and retention tool. The new educational as­ Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, today, I rise to Fair Hospital Deductible Act". sistance program is already an important com­ introduce the Medicare Fair Hospital Deducti­ SEC. 2. LIMITING RATE OF INCREASE OF PART A IN­ ponent of our national defense, and, contrary ble Act of 1986. This bill will limit increases in PATIENT HOSPITAL DEDUCTIBLE AND to the President's recommendation, it must NURSING HOME COINSURANCE. the hospital deductible and nursing home co­ (a) INPATIENT HOSPITAL DEDUCTIBLE.-Sec­ not be terminated. Guard and Reserve repre­ insurance to no more than the increase in tion 1813<2> of the Social Security Act sentatives have told me that the termination Social Security's COLA-an indicator of the (42 U.S.C. 1395e(b)(2)) is amended- of this education program will have a wide­ elderly's ability to pay for health care. Nursing (!) in the first sentence, by striking "be­ spread negative impact on their recruiting and home coinsurance will be reduced from one­ tween July 1 and September 15 of 1968, and retention efforts thereby making it far more eighth of the hospital deductible to one­ of each year thereafter" and inserting "not difficult for the Guard and Reserves to meet twelfth. Finally, full nursing home coverage will later than November 15 of each year", and end strength in future years. be extended by 5 days to give seniors some <2> by amending the second sentence to relief from the "sooner and sicker" problem of read as follows: I ask my colleagues to carefully review Gen­ "Such inpatient hospital deductible shall eral Conaway's remarks and remember them early hospital discharges. be equal to the lesser of the following: if they are asked to support the President's Why is this legislation so critical? Today we $45 multiplied by the ratio of (i) the recommendation to terminate the new Gl bill: were all shocked by the upcoming increase in current average per diem rate for inpatient DEPARTMENTS OF THE Medicare's hospital deductible and nursing hospital services for the calendar year pre­ ARMY AND THE AIR FORCE, home coinsurance for 1987. While the in­ ceding the promulgation, to The inpatient hospital deductible for Federal Building, services furnished in the preceding year in­ imposed on the elderly in 1986. Now, as re­ creased by the applicable increase percent­ Meridian, MS. ported in today's Washington Post, this de­ DEAR CoNGRESSMAN MoNTGOMERY: In re­ age deter­ Report to the House and Senate Commit­ for 1987. This 16-percent increase is even mined under section 215 by striking "one-eighth" and inserting mittee on Armed Services was made, we will realize that this is only the beginning. If "1/12th", and didn't have sufficient data or experience to by adding at the end the following attribute the NGIB with the credit it de­ Congress does not act soon, senior citizens new sentence: "any amount determined serves. entering hospitals after january 1 of next year under preceding sentence which is not a As of 30 November 1985, the ANG identi­ will face a $572 deductible-$80 higher than it multiple of $1 shall be rounded to the near­ fied 4,651 members who had either enlisted is now. As we all know, the mail will begin to nest multiple of $1 .". 75 percent of the total enlistments/reenlist­ tee on Aging, we documented that the elderly (C) EFFECTIVE DATES.- ments during the first five months of the are already spending more of their income (1) IN GENERAL.-The amendments made program's existence. The NG IB has become today for health care than when Medicare and by subsections (a) and (b) shall apply to­ one of the most critical force management inpatient hospital services furnished Medicaid began nearly 20 years ago. Even during a spell of illnes.c:; beginning on or tools in light of the projected ANG end without this massive increase in the hospital strength increase of 4,000 personnel each after January 1, 1987, deductible, the situation was going to get (B) extended care services furnished on or year for FYs 87 and 88. much worse. With a hospital deductible of after January 1, 1987, and Unlike the active forces, the ANG does $572, the elderly are projected to spend monthly premiums under section 1818 not have a Veterans Educational Assistance $2,633 for health care in 1991-about 18.5 of the Social Security Act for months begin­ Program to fall back on. Since the Educa­ ning with January 1987. tional Assistance bonus was eliminated with percent of their income. This is substantially higher than the already excessive 16 percent (2) NEW DETERMINATION OF INPATIENT HOS­ the advent of the NGIB, should we lose the PITAL DEDUCTIBLE AND EXTENDED CARE COIN­ NGIB, the end result would be a major they are paying today. SURANCE AMOUNTS.-If this Act is enacted force without one of its largest retention/ I believe that the vast majority of my col­ after the date the Secretary of Health and enlistment inducements. If given the time to leagues agree that the elderly are already Human Services promulgates, under section mature to its full potential, the NGIB could paying too much out of pocket for health care 1813(b)(2) of the Social Security Act, an in­ very well surprise us all. Therefore, I strong­ and that these increases in the hospital de­ patient hospital deductible for 1987, then ly support continuation of the NGIB until ductible and nursing home coinsurance are within 15 days after the date of the enact­ at least the previously announced termina­ too much for the elderly to absorb. For this ment of this Act and taking into account tion date of 30 June 1988. Again, thank you reason, I urge my colleagues to throw their the amendments made by this section, the for all you've done. Secretary of Health and Human Services support behind the Medicare Fair Hospital De­ shall redetermine and repromulgate the in­ Sincerely, ductible Act of 1986. Only if this legislation is JOHN B. CONAWAY, patient hospital deductible which will Director, Air National Guard. America's elderly and disabled from being hit apply for purposes of section 1813 of the with the $80 increase starting in January. Social Security Act for inpatient hospital 8050 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 services and extended care services fur­ We have sent a clear message to all our I commend President Alfonsin for his vision. nished during 1986 and the monthly premi­ allies that the United States will not appease [From the Washington Post, Apr. 16, 1986] um that will apply for purposes of section the terrorists. 1818 of the Social Security Act for months ARGENTINE LEADER PROPOSES MOVING CAP­ in 1986. ITAL TO PATAGONIA-ALFONSIN ALso URGES APRIL 15 WAS A DAY OF CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS DEADLINES SUPPORT FOR PRESIDENT BUENos AIREs.-In his most ambitious ini­ REAGAN HON. DAN LCHAEFER tiative since leading Argentina's return to OF COLORADO democracy more than two years ago, Presi­ HON. ELDON RUDD IN THE HOUSE 01' RE:>RESENTATIVES dent Raul Alfonsin has proposed moving the nation's capital from Buenos Aires to Thursday, A.~: ""il17, 1986 OF ARIZONA the vast, sparsely settled region of Patago­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. SCHAEFER. Mr. Speaker, we in Con­ nia to serve as both symbol and impetus for gress are indeed privileged. Last December, the creation of "a second republic." Thursday, April17, 1986 with passage of Gramm-Rudman, we estab­ The Argentine leader coupled this star­ Mr. RUDD. Mr. Speaker, according to the lished a series of deadlines for all of America tling proposal, delivered in a nationally tele­ polls reported on television most Americans to live by. OMB, CBO, and GAO were forced vised address last night, with a call for con­ support President Reagan in his military strike to abide by the provisions of the law. The stitutional reform that would strenghten against Libyan terrorists. President of the United States met his dead­ congressional powers and establish a new line. The American people accepted their balance between president and parliament Apparently the pollsters asked respondents patterned more after European models than a number of questions and the television an­ March 1 sequestration. Yet Congress, the very body that formulated this timetable, has deter­ the U.S. one. chors somewhat gleefully report that most He also spoke of the need to modernize Americans do not believe this one strike will mined that it is above compliance with the public administration and perfect the judi­ end terrorist activities. law. The April 15 deadline for a Congressional cial system to make it "more efficient, agile Of course no one in the administration, cer­ budget resolution has come and gone without and accessible to all sectors of society." tainly not the President, has ever suggested even a proposal from the majority party in the The speech was praised here today as bold that this first response to Libyan terrorists House. and imaginative. But many Argentines also would immediately stop all terrorist activities, And yes, we'll hear excuses from the other said they doubted the transfer plan ever The public response seems to indicate the side of the aisle, claiming that the Gramm­ would take place. American people are sufficiently sophisticated Rudman timetable is not realistic. Yet there Opposition leaders said the presidential to recognize that, in the President's words, was more than enough time to criticize the project was meant as a political diversion President's budget-both here on the floor and called it inopportune given Argentina's "We may have to do it again and again." weak economic condition and other more We all understand that terrorism will not be and across the country. In fact, there was so much time that the majority party deemed it urgent concerns. ended until those who sponsor terrorism are Alfonsin offered no timetable for the made to understand they will be required to necessary that the House meet only 27 of the 68 days since the President submitted his move, which requires congressional approv­ pay a high price for their terrorist activities. al, nor any suggestion of how Argentina, al­ This first strike against Libyan terrorist training budget. But somehow, all this time suddenly ready struggling to cover a $50 billion for­ camps is, in my opinion, a good beginning. ran out. And with it is running the patience of eign debt, would pay for it. The military operation was a long range, so­ our constituents. Past Argentine governments have studied phisticated, highly technical undertaking. We April 15 was a day of deadlines. The vast the feasibility of relocating the capital to can all feel proud of our ability to neutralize majority of the American people met theirs­ decentralize the nation's political structure the Russian missiles which Libya had installed Congress did not. But then, we in this body and reduce the influence of Buenos Aires. to protect their bases against an aerial attack. play by different rules. We make the laws, we The metropolitan area has a population of We should also make a point to remember don't have to abide by them. Thank you Mr. more than 10 million and today contains 35 Speaker. percent of the country's population, con­ that France refused us permission to fly sumes 39 percent of its energy and employs across their air space and thus extended the 48 percent of all industrial workers and 45 length of this operation by perhaps as much GO SOUTH YOUNG MAN percent of all commerce and service work­ as 1,800 miles. ers. Apparently the French would rather ap­ HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER Nothing came of the earlier studies, the pease the terrorists. When I recall what we OF COLORADO last one of which was commissioned in 1972 did in 1917 and 1918 and again in 1941 to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under military rule. 1945 to protect the French and rescue them Alfonsin said the growth of Buenos Aires from the German Imperialist government and Thursday, April17, 1986 into "an excessive megalopolis" has para­ second from Hitler's Nazi government, I am Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, Argentine lyzed and distorted the strength of the offended by the refusal of the present rulers President Raul Alfonsin delivered a major tele­ whole nation, "destroying the foundations of France to grant us permission to overfly vised address last night calling for constitu­ of federalism." their air space. tional changes in order to establish a more He suggested that a new capital be built at I would suggest to my fellow Members of parliamentary form of government and propos­ the northern edge of Patagonia in an area currently encompassing two towns-Viedma Congress that the next time France comes to ing to move the Nation's capitol from Buenos in the province of Rio Negro and Carmen de us for help, military or economic, we remem­ Aires to northern Patagonia. Patagones in the province of Buenos Aires. ber their refusal to join with us in this world While moving the capitol might strike some The two towns, which lie opposite each struggle against terrorism. as needlessly symbolic, I think it would have a other across the Rio Negro, have a com­ This French refusal to cooperate and permit positive, catalytic effect on the Argentine bined population of about 50,000 and are lo­ us to shorten the flying route placed a very people. cated about 500 miles south of Buenos heavy burden on our pilots and crews, and The country has suffered from a frontier, Aires. may have contributed to the failure of our one Patagonia without a frontier spirit. Moving the As for what would become of Buenos F-111 to return safely. capitol south into Patagonia would promote Aires, Alfonsin pointed to the example of We can expect there will be more terrorist that spirit. Rio de Janeiro, which has remained a com­ attacks on Americans and American interests. The move of Brazil's capitol from Rio de Ja­ mercial, cultural and tourist hub of Brazil President Reagan has served notice that neiro to Brasilia sparked a renewal of frontier despite the construction of Brasilia, which the sponsors of terrorism can expect an im­ spirit in that country. became the capital in 1960. mediate response from the United States and Likewise with our young country when Con­ we can believe that the next time more tar­ gress voted in 1790 to move the capitol to the gets will be hit, destruction will be greater. banks of the Potomac. April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8051 THE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION through the transition. The value of the CRISIS SITUATION SERVICE AND THE FUTURE OF U.S. dollar, export levels, real interest rates, Today the situation many farm families AMERICAN FARMING oil prices, the farm policy, U.S. deficit find themselves in is dismal. No longer do spending and other administration decision they have the net worth they once enjoyed. have affected the course of American agri­ Projected cash flows for their operation are HON. BILL SCHUETTE culture. negative, or at best, close to break even. OF MICHIGAN The value of the U.S. dollar dropped at a Gratiot County Extension Agents esti­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES steady pace throughout the 1970's. Each mate that 25 percent of their farm families year American agricultural commodities have negative cash flow projections. 12 per­ Thursday, April17, 1986 cost foreign buyers less; consequently, the cent of the families have serious problems, Mr. SCHUETTE. Mr. Speaker, I wish to volume of United States exports rose from and it is questionable whether they can commend to my colleagues, and to all those about 63 million metric tons per year to a endure another year. Some 15-18 percent of interested in the future of American agricul­ high of 165 million metric tons in 1980. The the families must make some major changes ture, an article by Mr. Dan Rossman which ap­ world demand for U.S. food seemed endless. in their operations and in their lives. Some predicted that production would have Any change causes a certain amount of peared in the March 26, 1986, issue of the a hard time keeping pace with the growing stress. The changes that these families will Gratiot County, Ml, Herald. demands of a hungry world. face are among the most stressful. Farm Mr. Rossman, the Gratiot County agriculture Real interest rates in the cur­ colleagues to give special attention to Mr. dented borrowing power through their in­ flated land prices. Many had an excellent rent agricultural crisis. Agents provide as­ Rossman's discussion of the often vital assist­ cash flow due to their high net incomes. sistance for both the financial and emotion­ ance the Cooperative Extension Service pro­ The world was demanding their commod­ al problems farmers face. Farm families can vides to the American farmer in helping him, ities. Prosperity was at the farm. Farmers have an individual or a team analysis of both financially and emotionally, through the responded by going all out. Hills and pas­ their operation. Individual agents in Michi­ current farming crisis. The Cooperative Exten­ tures were torn up and planted. Equipment gan are currently spending long hours help­ was traded off and replaced with the biggest ing farm families develop positive cash flow sion Service has been helping American farm­ projections for the coming year. Teams of ers and their families and today its services and the best. Land was bid up even higher. agents are providing in-depth farm analysis are needed more than ever. I am currently co­ All the farmer had to do was sign his name, for families. sponsoring a resolution calling on the adminis­ and the debt was his. However, 1980 was also the turning point. The teams are called Extension Manage­ tration to give a higher priority in its budget The grain embargo with Russia combined ment Assistance Teams . Fourteen considerations to the Cooperative Extension teams are currently in operation in the with earlier embargo's in 1973, 1974, and state. Team members are county and region­ Service. I ask my colleagues to read Mr. 1975 gave foreign countries the sign that Rossman's article, and join me in supporting al extension agents. Each team can be tai­ the United States was not a reliable food lored to fit the particular situation of the the continued funding of the Cooperative Ex­ supplier. Foreign countries took steps to farm families. Agents are available with spe­ tension Service. The article follows: become more self-sufficient. Others invested cialization in farm management, dairy, live­ [From The Gratiot County rose. It was no longer as good a deal for for­ evaluate the options, chose the ones best for DEVELOPMENT OF A CRISIS eign countries to buy U.S. agricultural com­ them, and take action to make the changes The farm situation is dismal. modites. Exports dropped 30 million metric that will improve their situation. One team Negative attitudes are expressed every­ tons in the next five years. Production con­ is made up of M.S.U. specialists and works where. The coffee shops, farm magazines, tinued at record breaking levels. Surplus closely with agricultural related business. local newspapers, 6 o'clock news and even and carryover mounted up. Commodity The team also provides the farm family the theatres are portraying farm families as prices fell. High oil prices led to increased assurance that others do care and they are down and out, about ready to lose their manufacturing costs and, in turn, higher not alone. Help to get through the situation farms. costs to the farmers for fertilizer, chemicals, emotionally is just as important as the fi­ Just six years ago argiculture was boom­ and fuel. High expenses and low prices re­ nancial help. Extension agents are providing ing. Farm land was considered to be an ex­ sulted in a depressed net farm income. The additional programs to help the farm fami­ cellent investment. Parents could hardly U.S. accumulated an ever increasing trade lies cope with the situation. Networking expand their operations fast enough to deficit. Interest rates rose. High interest with rural churches, mental health depart­ "make room" for their children to join rates and a low inflation rate added up to a ments, and social services is taking place them. Young people looked forward to pros­ high real interest rate. At a high real inter­ throughout the state. perous careers in agriculture. est rate, buying land with borrowed money Some farm family members will be forced The situation has changed. Farming no was no longer appealing. Land prices fell. to seek off farm employment. Several exten­ longer looks profitable. Both parents and Lower land values reduced farmers net sion agents are offering workshops to give children are questioning whether they worth and borrowing power. On paper, debt these displaced people the skills and direc­ really believe in the future of farming. to asset rates rose to unacceptable ...... 77,636.36 Miscellaneous look a little brighter. The trends are turn­ ------1985 Pontiac 6000 automo­ ing. The major world factors that affect ag­ Total real property ... 546,011.36 riculture are changing direction. bile # 564377 ...... 187,463.10 remain must develop more sophisticated fi­ 480 28,140.00 Miscellaneous 30 day nancial skills and must become wiser man­ 510 ~ ~~fi~~~~:;~,~i: ~6 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 26,265.00 charge account (estimat- 720 Eastman Kodak Co. at $62.50 ...... 45,000.00 agers. 200 General Electric Co. at $7 8.50 ...... 15,700.00 ed)...... 1,000.00 Changes and adjustments will have to be 204 General Motors Corp. at $86.25 ...... 17,595.00 ------made. Over time, agriculture will continue 10 General Motors Corp. Series H at $47.625 ...... 476.25 Totalliabilities...... 188,463.10 600 Merck & Co. Inc. at $174.25 ...... 104,550.00 to experience good and bad cycles. As sure 200 Warner lambert Co. at $55.75 ...... 11,150.00 as the human race will continue to need 100 Continental Corp. at $52.375 ...... 5,237 .50 Net worth ...... 1, 755,108.21 food to survive, there is a future in farming. 200 Sears Roebuck & Co. at $49.50 ...... 9,900.00 232.265 Sperry Corp. at $51.50 ...... 11,961.65 Statement of 1985 ta:ces paid 455 14,503.00 Federal income tax...... $30,812.00 455 ~~1\o~~at aUrM~~ :::::::::::::::: : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1,905.31 287 International Business Machines Co. at $151.50 ...... 43,480.50 Wisconsin income tax ...... 10,253.00 900 Inland Steel Co. at $26.75 ...... 24,075.00 Menomonee Falls, Wis. property FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF F. 108 Kenner Parker Toys, Inc. at $22.375 ...... 2,416.50 tax...... 1,719.63 JAMES SENSENBRENNER, JR. 72 1 1,683.00 504 ~~ nfor~- ~~ -$~Uij~ : ~~~ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 31 ,500.00 Alexandria, Va. property tax...... 2,062.77 26 Wisconsin Securities Corp. of Delaware at $220.00 ...... 5,720,00 I further declare that I am the direct benefi­ HON. F. JAMES SENSENBRENNER 333 Benton County Mining Co. at no value ...... _ _ _ n_il. ciary of one trust and a contingent beneficiary Total common stocks...... 1,037 ,090.75 of one trust. I have no control over the assets OF WISCONSIN of the trust of which I am a direct beneficiary IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and am a co-trustee of the other trust. My Cash wife, Cheryl Warren Sensenbrenner, and I are Thursday, April17, 1986 Face amount Ufe insurance policies surrender value trustees of separate trusts established for the Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, benefit of our minor sons, F. James Sensen­ through the following statement, I am making $1 2, 000 Northwestern Mutual #4378000 ...... $12,099.63 brenner Ill and Robert Alan Sensenbrenner my financial net worth as of March 31 , 1986, $30,000 Northwestern Mutual #4574061 ...... 28,750.31 and are also custodians of accounts estab­ a matter of public record. I have filed similar $10,000 Massachusetts Mutual #4116575 ...... 2,896.77 $100,000 Massachusetts Mutual #4228344 ...... 47,685.28 lished for the benefit of each son under the statements for each of the 7 preceding years I $25,000 Old Une Ufe Insurance Co. #515950 ...... 15,263.14 Uniform Gifts to Minors Act. have served in Congress. Total life insurance policies ...... 106,695.13 Also, I am neither an officer nor a director Assets of any corporation organized under the laws of the State of Wisconsin or of any other state Real property Bank and savings and loan accounts Value or foreign country. Marine Bank, N .A. of Milwaukee; JAMES SENSENBRENNER, Jr. Single family residence at Checking account no. 4000- 609 Fort Williams Park­ 9368 ...... $77.98 way, Alexandria, Virgin­ Marine Bank, N.A. of Milwaukee; ia, at assessed valuation. MATT SNYDER, NEBRASKA Checking account no. 0046- WINNER 1985-86 VFW VOICE OF we must not stop. We must expand them. ment in the world community in recent We stand right at the mid-point of the We must not only find ways to reach below years for the United States has been the the earth's surface, but we must put our drastic increase in the amount of knowledge decade. In only fifteen years we will be wel­ energy resources to work to keep America coming a new millennium-the year 2000. As and technology in the world. It will ulti­ we look toward that horizon-toward the the industrial giant of the world. We must mately be the responsibility of my genera­ twenty-first century-we realize that it is not only prepare to conquer disease, but we tion to deal with this high-tech revolution today's American youth who will determine must continue to improve the quality of life. and this nation must take control of it if we our nation's course. We should not stop at instilling American are to remain a world power. With the How will we do? It is appropriate and values in the next generation, but must live advent of the computer age and the devel­ timely for use to begin now, preparing for so that each new generation has cause to be opment of lasers, robots, and the like, the challenges America and our generation proud of their country. And after we have knowledge is exploding, increasing at unbe­ will face. expanded and passed those horizons we set, lievable rates. First, let me backtrack a little to consider we can say with pride in our voice, For most American's, much of the new how earlier generations of Americans pre­ American grew, technology is out of reach, not understood. pared themselves for the coming of a new America is the forest king, This new knowledge must be brought under century. From our nation's very birth, And America will never die a shrubby control and grasped by America's youth if Americans have accepted challenges which thing. we are to move on up the mountain. Gain­ seemed to threaten our future. As we ap­ ing control, though, is not the only objec­ tive in tackling the high-tech revolution. proached the nineteenth century, colonial PERSONAL EXPLANATION farmers and merchants, trappers and book­ After grasping it, we must put it to practical keepers, formed hometown militias and use here in America. risked their lives in battle against those who HON. PAT SWINDALL During the industrial revolution, thou­ would deny basic human rights in this new sands of inventions were created in the OF GEORGIA United States, along with new production land. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Midway through that century, Americans methods, and even new marketing strate­ again were called to take up arms to pre­ Thursday, April17, 1986 gies. Today, we see the same phenomena, serve the unity of our young country, and ideas springing up all over the country. But Mr. SWINDALL. Mr. Speaker, due to a me­ unlike the industrial revolution, many of our nation came out of this internal strug­ chanical malfunction with the electronic voting gle a freer and stronger country. these ideas are not being kept in the United Barely into the twentieth century Ameri­ device, my vote on rollcall No. 84 was, unfor­ States. Up and coming nations such as cans were called to battle twice, joining free tunately, not recorded. Were my vote record­ Japan take technology developed here in forces all over the world-forces determined ed on this amendment offered by Congress­ the United States and harness it for practi­ that mankind would not be ruled by fascist man BARTLETT, it would have been "Yea." cal use, then market it back here. It seems tyrants. Once again we proved to ourselves that everywhere you turn the newest high­ and to others, that America was strong and tech ideas are foreign made. The best televi­ more than willing to protect that invaluable NEW HORIZONS FOR AMERICA'S sions, the most advanced cars, are made out­ freedom with the strength that is America. YOUTH side the United States. It is the responsibil­ I think it is appropriate, as we consider ity of my generation in the coming years to the new millennium on our horizon, that we harness new ideas and produce them here. remember the lessons yesterday-that they HON.THOMASJ.TAUKE For the first time the United States is a might guide us tomorrow. Consider, for a OF IOWA debtor nation in trade. We have the tech­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nology, and the leaders, businessmen, inves­ moment, one of those lessons as described tors, executives, and workers of tomorrow by an American poet, Douglas Mallach, in Thursday, April17, 1986 the first stanza of this poem. He creates an must work to keep American technology Mr. TAUKE. Mr. Speaker, each year the harnessed and used at home. imagery which seems very appropriate here. Gaining control of and harnessing tech­ The tree that never had to fight Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States nology and knowledge, however, are both For sun and sky and air and light; and its ladies auxiliary conduct the Voice of relatively easy concepts to visualize, but That stood out in the open plain Democracy scriptwriting contest. Winners from may be more difficult to implement. And always got its share of rain, each State were chosen from more than With knowledge and technology comes Never became a forest king, 250,000 secondary school students who par­ man's natural drive to try and make life But lived and died a shrubby thing. ticipated in the 1986 contest. easier. Today the newest inventions make Facing challenges with optimism and I am pleased to offer to my colleagues the middle class life more plush than it has even courage has become an American tradi­ winning script from the State of Iowa. John been before. More computerized household tion-a tradition we must carry with us into Hedgecoth, a junior from Cedar Rapids, won items and a more automated workplace the twenty-first century. If we see a better means life can become very easy for Amer­ life on the horizon, we must not be blind to the recognition with a thoughful dessertation ica but-with automation comes what ap­ the challenges which lie between us and on the immense challenges facing U.S. youth pears to be less of a need for manpower, that dream. stemming from rapid growth of knowledge and when in reality, manpower needs to be and We know that if we are to conquer dis­ technology. John, son of Dale and Beverly must be present in order for our society to ease, we must begin our preparation today. Hedgecoth, attends College Community function. This is the largest portion of the If our horizon holds dreams of energy inde­ School in Cedar Rapids. challenge, the strongest part of the peak. pendence, it is today's graduates who will With more and more jobs becoming auto­ have to find new ways to tap new deposits NEW HORIZONS FOR AMERICA'S YOUTH mated and those jobs that remain becoming of oil and coal below the earth's surface. If more highly skilled, where is the place for the very spirit of America is to serve us well As I awoke in the chilly Colorado air, the the worker in future society? It is inconceiv­ into the new era, we must accept the chal­ song of a bird informed me that the morn­ able that all workers could be employed in lenge of instilling American values in the ing had begun without me. As I stepped out­ service occupations, so the challenge is to next generation. side, though, I noticed something missing. improve the quality, but at the same time America is rich in resources-resources There were only red streaks across the sky, hang on to the old patterns of American beyond minerals and food, beyond medical no other light. life. advances and education. And we are at this Eventfully I figured out that because we If my generation can gain control of and moment at the brink of discovering and de­ were located in a valley, the sun had to rise harness this new influx of knowledge and veloping that which I am convinced is our above a mountain to reach us. In so many technology, and at the same time keep a 8054 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 stable society, we will have come to the top For many in Taiwan, the threat of exter­ tions which focus attention on martial law, of the peak, to find the sun shining bright nal invasion is sufficient reason to restrict and made personal pleas on the behalf of in­ on the new horizon. political activity and free expression. It is dividuals whose human rights have been understandable, they argue, that a society violated. With your help, we've been able to which lives in a constant state of fear for its make a difference in the lives of people POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT IN survival cannot possibly afford the luxury whose anguish and repression would not TAIWAN of domestic political liberties. otherwise be known. These political conditions are not accept­ HON. ROBERT G. TORRICELLI ed by an American public which equates modernity with freedom. As we have seen in ARTS APPROPRIATIONS OF NEW JERSEY many areas of the world-from Central IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES America, to Haiti, to the Philippines-the American public does not countenance polit­ HON. TED WEISS Thursday, April17, 1986 ical repression. Some call this view naive. In Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, I commend my judgment, it is both a practical policy OF NEW YORK to the attention of my colleagues an address and a moral imperative. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Our nation believes from experience that given before the Formosan Association for Thursday, April17, 1986 Public Affairs by a distinguished member of democracy is not only the preferred path to the other body, Senator HART of Colorado. moderization, but a prerequisite for stability Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, today, artists and the long-term viability of governments. across this country are fighting for their lives. AnDRESS OF SENATOR GARY HART, FORMOSAN The United States policy will continue to In spite of their best efforts to become finan­ ASSOCIATION FOR PuBLIC AFFAIRS, FEBRU­ be conditioned by what we call "linkage"­ ARY 27, 1986 the inherent relationship between U.S. in­ cially sound, these efforts are being cruely It's a pleasure for me to be here today to volvement in a country and the pattern of and unnecessarily undermined. Federal fund­ address this gathering sponsored by the its political behavior. If we have linkage in ing of our Nation's cultural programs is the Formosan Association for Public Affairs. our relations with the Soviet Union-where cornerstone of a complex and interdependent Since 1982, FAPA has established itself as a arms control agreements are impeded by system of arts fundraising. In order to keep leading organization speaking out on behalf Soviet human rights violations, even when our Nation's cultural activity thriving, this Fed­ of human rights for the people of Taiwan. the Soviets have the power to annihilate eral money must continue to be available. The activities of FAPA have been widely us-one can be sure this will be the case This morning I testified at a hearing of the recognized within the Congress and among with other states which hold fewer cards. Americans who concern themselves with I believe Americans and the people of House Appropriations Committee, Subcommit­ peace and justice in Asia and beyond. Taiwan share a common vision which en­ tee on the Interior, in support of funding for This day has an historic significance for ables them to increase their prosperity the National Endowment for the Arts, the Na­ US-Asian relations; indeed, for relations be­ under genuine democratic rule. We differ tional Endowment for the Humanities, the In­ tween East and West as a whole. The sign­ not in goals, but in means. I and most Amer­ stitute of Museum Services, and the Historic ing of the Shanghai Communique fourteen icans strongly support the efforts of those Preservation Fund. I urge all of my colleagues years ago began a transformation of the in Taiwan working through legal channels to weigh the true value of the arts and human­ foundations of the world order, marked by to increase political participation, respect ities to our society and to treat those pro­ the opening of a relationship with the Peo­ for human rights and freedom of expres­ ple's Republic. The so-called normalization sion. I and most Americans are opposed to grams fairly when considering the Nation's of relations between the United States and martial law-not just for its pernicious budget for the coming year. The text of my the People's Republic was widely heralded, effect on individuals, but because of our statement follows: bringing forward the possibility of reduced conviction that this kind of repression ulti­ Mr. Chairman. Thank you for this oppor­ international tensions and a new partner­ mately leads to instability. tunity to present my views before the distin­ ship in Asia. I applaud the progress that has been guished members of the subcommittee re­ For the people of Taiwan, however, this made recently in incorporating more native garding President Reagan's fiscal year 1987 new era has been especially challenging, Taiwanese in the political process, including budget proposal for the National Endow­ marked by the rupture of diplomatic rela­ the growth in the number of native Taiwan­ ments for the Arts and Humanities, the In­ tions with the United States and an increas­ ese in the parliament. I would hope and en­ stitute of Museum Services, and the Historic ingly difficult and hazardous international courage my Taiwanese friends to continue Preservation Fund. As an Executive Board status. this progress, and to permit formally consti­ member of the Congressional Arts Caucus But the United States has a long historic tuted opposition parties to participate in a and representative of a district in which relationship with the people of Taiwan. pluralistic system. But it must be recognized perhaps the greatest number of artists work Taiwan is clearly recognized as one of Asia's that the threat to Taiwan's interests do not and reside, I commend the Chairman and economic miracles, sustaining annual reside with its own people-unless they are Subcommittee for your diligent work and growth rates of ten percent or more in denied basic human freedoms. Enfran­ consistent support of our nation's cultural recent years. Taiwan has developed at an chised, they will work for the common good, programs. unprecedented pace from an agricultural to united behind the common goals of prosper­ It is unfortunate that we must meet this an industrial economy, an economy in ity and security. Disenfranchised, they may year under circumstances no better than which the United States has invested over try to express political grievances through those under which we have been meeting $1 billion over the years. Visitors to Taiwan insurgency or violence. This is the impera­ for the last five years. The President has return with deep impressions of the cultural tive of political modernization. again proposed a budget for the arts and vibrancy, the high rate of literacy and the It is not for me to spell out the details of humanities that is both inadequate and overall sophistication of Taiwanese society. Taiwan's future. The United States has unjust. It is a fact that Taiwan, in spite of the pledged under the Taiwan Relations Act to Under the President's latest plan, which is severe adversities it has faced in its recent (quote> "make clear that the United States nearly identical to that which we rejected history, enjoys some of the highest living decision to establish diplomatic relations last year, the budget of the National Endow­ and educational standards in Asia. with the People's Republic of China rests ment for the Arts would be reduced by 12.5 For most Americans, however, there is a upon the expectation that the future of percent, from $165.6 million to $144.9 mil­ cloud which hangs over our relations with Taiwan will be determined by peaceful lion. Humanities funding would suffer a 9.3 the people of Taiwan. The issues are funda­ means." This is a fundamental commitment. percent cut, from $139.4 million to $126.4 mentally political. The perception is wide­ And for now, all indications from the PRC million. And the IMS would be cut by 98 spread that Taiwan's political development are encouraging. Tensions in the Taiwan percent, leaving just enough to close down has not kept pace with its economic Strait are at an historic low. And the gov­ shop. progress. Despite the near universal eco­ ernment of the PRC continues to pledge for Special attention must be paid to the nomic enfranchisement of the Taiwanese its part that it has no intention of resorting plight of the Institute of Museum Services. population, the perception is strong in the to violence to resolve the disputes over Tai­ This is the fourth time Mr. Reagan has pro­ United States that the people on Taiwan wan's destiny. posed the elimination of this program, have not had access to adequat~ political It has been my privilege to work with the which provides the only outside operating participation. Thirty seven years of martial leaders of FAPA for democracy and human support available to museums. To annually law, even during times of challenge to exter­ rights on Taiwan since this young organiza­ subject the museum community to a life or nal security, cannot be sanctioned by Ameri­ tion was formed four years ago. They've death fight for survival is both cruel and cans. fought effectively for Congressional resolu- unnecessary. April17, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8055 The Congress, with your strong leader­ Mr. Chairman, your task this year is espe­ gerous materials sleep somewhere, but in ship, has steadfastly overcome past adminis­ cially difficult. The pressures under which which neighborhood? tration proposals to gut funding for the arts you are working are tremendous. But I urge and humanities. This year, unfortunately, the subcommittee to weigh the true value of Federal laws governing drivers of trucks the prospects for similar victories have the arts and treat these programs fairly. If carrying hazardous and nuclear materials are worsened. Something new has happened in we are going to continue our efforts to en­ extreme.ly weak. In most cases, a driver carry- Washington in the past year: adoption of courage and strengthen our nation's artistic ing bombs has no greater experience or quali­ the Gramm-Rudman budget balancing act. and cultural life, then we absolutely must fications than a driver carrying a load of vege­ Mr. Reagan claims that programs such as continue our support for these modestly tables. In fact, Federal regulations merely re­ the arts must be sacrificed to ease the defi­ priced federal programs. Funding for the quire that a driver of a truck carrying hazard­ cit crisis. True, our budget is out of balance, arts is one of the best investments we can ous materials take a general, open-book test but clearly it is not the fault of spending for make for the future of this nation. the arts or any other domestic program. It that contains only a couple of questions on is the result of an inequitable tax policy and hazardous materials. Incredibly, the driver only an unprecedented peace-time military build­ INTRODUCTION OF THE HAZ­ has to take the test, not pass it. Drivers carry­ up. With proposed outlays for cultural pro­ ARDOUS MATERIALS TRANS­ ing hazardous materials are not required to be grams totaling five one-hundredths of one PORTATION SAFETY AMEND­ familiar with any other aspects of driving­ percent of the total federal budget, how MENTS OF 1986 such as how to negotiate a Colorado moun­ much savings through cuts to these pro­ tain pass-which obviously could affect grams can Mr. Reagan possibly hope to achieve? HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH safety. This is an intolerable situation. I was amazed to learn that 64 percent of The government's support of cultural ex­ OF COLORADO cellence has benefitted the general welfare hazardous materials incidents which occurred of this nation far beyond the miniscule fi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the last 4 years were caused by human nancial investment. For us in New York Thursday, April17, 1986 error. The National Transportation Safety City, the arts are not only a source of pride Mr. WIRTH. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ Board has investigated numerous accidents and cultural enrichment, they are big busi­ that may have been prevented by better train­ ness. The arts contribute over $5.6 billion to ducing the Hazardous Materials Transporta­ the economy of the region, generating over tion Safety Amendments of 1986. This legisla­ ing of those who load, unload, and handle 117,000 jobs, enriching hotels, restaurants, tion is a comprehensive package of proposals hazardous materials. Clearly, safety must start real estate, utilities, transportation, medical which, I believe, will go a long way toward at the loading dock. and educational services and the finance making some sense out of our hazardous ma­ An Office of Technology Assessment [OT A] and insurance businesses. terials transportation laws. report released 2 weeks ago dramatically While the arts are an economic boon to highlighted serious deficiencies in our emer­ us, they are not self-supporting. In spite of Over the past several months I have been pleased to work with many of our colleagues gency response capabilities. In its press state­ the efforts of cultural organizations to take ment, OT A concluded that 75 precent of local on a larger part of the financial burden, including Representative CARorss COLLINS on their efforts are continually being under­ this legislation. Last October, I formed an in­ police and firefighters, often the first to re­ mined. The administration's persistent ef­ formal task force in my own State of Colorado spond to an accident, are unprepared to deal forts to eliminate postal subsidies for non­ comprised of a bipartisan group of State legis­ with a hazardous materials disaster. Surely, profit organizations have resulted in a 45 lators, State and local officials, and communi­ we can not afford to leave our public safety percent increase in mailing costs since Janu­ ty groups to help me draft this bill. We have officials unprepared to deal with hazardous ary 1st, denying many arts organizations received input on the legislation from all over materials incidents. one of the most crucial instruments for Nuclear transportation is a critical issue that fundraising. Spiraling real estate costs, espe­ the country-from as many as 30 States. According to the Department of Transporta­ is becoming more serious with the passage of cially in New York City, are squeezing art­ time. When permanent nuclear waste reposi­ ists out of necessary rehearsal and perform­ tion, in 1984 there were 37,800 accidents in­ ance space. Insurance costs have become volving trucks which resulted in 2, 700 fatali­ tories are finally designated-most likely in the prohibitive, corporate mergers are eliminat­ ties, 2,800 injuries, and $390 million in proper­ West-Colorado may be seriously affected. ing corporate arts programs, and proposed ty damage. As more and more hazardous ma­ Yet, in designating these sites the Department changes in the tax code may limit charitable terial is being transported, the risks to all of us of Energy has given short shift to the impact contributions. And with the prospect of increase substantially. Yet, our Federal truck on the country of transporting nuclear materi­ Gramm-Rudman taking huge amounts of als. money from state and local governments, safety and hazardous materials transportation laws are so weak, confusing, and often con­ So what can we do about these problems? their funding programs will focus more As many State legislators know too well, the acutely on the needs of the hungry, the flicting that it is no wonder they are rarely en­ homeless, and the unemployed. forced. answers are neither easy nor clear cut. Pro­ It has been the President's intention all The Federal Truck Safety and Hazardous tecting our citizens involves a partnership of along to shift the burden of the arts to pri­ Materials Programs are adminstered through Federal, State, and local governments. Ship­ vate rather than public funding. But the at least three different agencies in the Depart­ pers and carriers benefit from the safe trans­ President must realize that even if the pri­ ment of Transportation alone. They are rarely portation of hazardous materials because a vate sector could assume all the financial re­ good safety record is good business. Every­ sponsibility for the arts, it would not resolve coordinated and extremely underfunded in proportion to their public health and safety one must work together toward protecting the all the problems created by federal cut­ public. backs. Private donors usually avoid support­ missions. Because data collection is virtually ing unusual or controversial efforts. Corpo­ nonexistent, Federal authorities don't even The Hazardous Materials Transportation rations risk the least and gain the most by know who or what they are overseeing. This Safety Amendments legislation seeks to foster contributing to established cultural institu­ confusion hampers State enforcement efforts a constructive partnership between all inter­ tions and to projects that are likely to have and makes our safety laws an accident wait­ ested parties. It strives to recognize Federal, widespread popular support. We risk chok­ ing to happen. State, and local responsibilities. It encourages ing off spontaneity and innovation, which national standards in some areas to end con­ are the lifeblood of artistic creativity, when Federal rules on routing, which require trucks carrying hazardous materials to go fusion, while at the same time, it urges States we depend too heavily on private funding. and localities to deal with transportation prob­ Our artists on the vanguard of creative de­ around populous areas, have rarely been en­ velopment would be hardest hit of all. forced, and sometimes conflict with local lems within their jurisdictions. Federal support is an essential part of our rules. Regulations requiring that trucks carry­ Let me summarize the major provisions of nation's network of cultural support which ing explosives are attended at all times by a this legislation: includes all levels of government, corpora­ driver or a qualified representative are unen­ COORDINATION OF SAFETY PROGRAMS tions, foundations, and individuals. Arts or­ forceable. Why? Because there are no Feder­ First, t~ legislation moves the motor carri­ ganizations, large and small, will attest that when the federal funds come in, other al standards for these parking places, called er safety functions from the Federal Highway funders show up. We cannot support the ad­ safe havens. Most States, have not designat­ Administration [FHWA], and hazardous materi­ ministration's attempt to destroy this inter­ ed special places for the safe parking of haz­ als transportation functions from the Research dependent system. ardous materials. Drivers of trucks with dan- and Special Programs Administration [RSPA]

71-059 o-87-23 (Pt. 6) 8056 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986 to the National Highway Traffic Safety Admin­ we target enforcement if we do not know what tendency for drivers to get licensed in the istration [NHTSA]. This is more than a shift of is out there on the roads? State with the easiest qualifications. This acronyms. These changes provide a focal EMERGENCY RESPONSE would clearly undermine the benefits of the point for truck safety and hazardous materials Emergency response is primarily a local program. in the Department of Transportation by com­ issue, but, as OT A recently concluded, there This section also requires those who handle bining agencies that issue vehicle standards, is a pressing national need to train first re- hazardous materials in the loading and un­ enforce in-use regulations, inspect and audit sponders-police and firefighters who are loading stages to know how to do so. carriers and shippers and set standards for often the first on the scene of an accident. NUCLEAR TRANSPORTATION routing, emergency response training, packag­ Many different training programs exist, but This section requires the Secretary of ing, and placarding. We are creating a sort of they are not reaching sufficient numbers of Transportation to conduct an analysis of the one-stop-shopping for hazardous materials first responders. A particularly severe need for risks to health, safety, and the environment transportation which should be of tremendous training exists in the smaller urban and rural associated with the transportation of high­ help to States and localities and will help fa­ areas of the country. These smaller localities level nuclear waste and spent fuel to the five cilitate better congressional oversight. are often those places least able to afford INCREASED RESOURCES training for their personnel. Moreover, some potential geologic repository sites to be nomi- Second, the legislation authorizes increased training programs are simply inadequate. nated under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act, funding for motor carrier safety and for haz­ This section of my legislation requires the and to and from any monitored retrievable ardous materials programs conducted by the Secretary of Transportation to make grants to storage site authorized under that Act. Federal Government. Currently, there is only States and localities to train personnel to This is an important section for many areas one Federal inspector for every 40,000 trucks. make emergency responses. The bill authori- of the country. Although the Secretary of In my own State of Colorado, there are only ties grants from the Highway Trust Fund at $5 Energy is supposed to be considering trans­ two part-time inspectors and one trainee to million for fiscal year 1987, $10 million for portation of nuclear wastes, this issue has not audit the 2,600 motor carriers domiciled there. fiscal year 1988, and $15 million for fiscal been addressed with sufficient vigor. For ex­ Clearly this is an impossible workload. Thus, years 1989, 1990, and 1991 respectively. Any ample, it is vitally important to us in Colora­ this legislation requires the Bureau of Motor State or locality can apply for a grant to cover do-as we look at the prospect of nearly Carrier Safety to hire 150 new Federal safety up to 75 percent of the cost of a training pro- 6,000 shipments of nuclear waste through our inspectors and auditors over the next 2 gram. Additionally, DOT is required to estab- State-that the transportation impact be con­ years-more than double the current Federal lish guidelines for training programs used sidered. I believe that DOT, with its expertise force. I am pleased to see that the Depart­ under the grant. Thus, we're helping to pay in this area, can provide valuable input into ment of Transportation has also recognized the cost of training personnel and ensuring this process. that training is adequate. this severe problem and has proposed an in­ TRUCK BRAKES DRIVER QUALIFICATIONS crease in inspectors. When my subcommittee held hearings ~n The legislation also authorizes increased While licensing drivers is, and should remain truck safety enforcement last summer 1n funding for the Motor Carrier Safety Assist­ a function of each individual State, there is a Denver, Colo;ado's Governor Lamm testified ance Program [MCSAP], and extends the pro­ tremendous Federal interest in ensuring that that 21 percent of the violations found in gram through 1989. NCSAP provides grants to drivers of trucks carrying hazardous materials recent state truck inspections were brake vio­ States to hire truck safety inspectors and in interstate commerce have the necessary lations. Obviously, proper maintenance of funds other motor carrier safety efforts. This experience and qualifications to do so. We are truck brakes is critical in a State with such only too aware in Colorado that truck drivers additional funding will come from the Highway mountainous terrain. Yet, I discovered that are unfamiliar with our mountainous terrain. Trust Fund which is projected to have a $9 Federal rules allow front brakes on trucks to The very frequent use of runaway truck ramps billion balance at the beginning of fiscal year be disconnected. In fact, some operators be­ in our mountains highlights this point. The tor­ 1987. Thus, increased funding will not result in lieve that disconnecting truck brakes helps the additional costs to the taxpayers. pedo accident illustrated how easy it is for a person with little previous experience to drive driver to maneuver their vehicles better. This ROUTES AND SAFE HAVENS legally a vehicle carrying explosives. is absurd. Thus, this legislation abolishes the The legislation provides grants from MCSAP This legislation requires DOT to conduct a regulation allowing brakes disconnection and to States and localities to determine the rulemaking to beef up qualifications for drivers requires DOT to take steps to eduate drivers safest routes for transportation to designated of trucks carrying hazardous materials. DOT is on the need for front brakes. routes within and between their jurisdictions. required to consult with and take recommen­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to invite our col­ This is a State and local function, as these dations of States, motor vehicle administra­ leagues in the House to cosponsor this legis­ entities are best able to develop safest route tors, carriers, shippers, insurers and drivers of lation and to join me in working to see that it scenarios. What we are providing here are in­ hazardous materials in setting standards. In is passed. centive grants to get States and localities talk­ order to drive a truck carrying hazardous ma­ The bill follows: ing with industry and neighboring States and terials, the driver must have successfully com­ H.R. 4612 jurisdictions to designate sensible routes that pleted a written examination, have experience provide the greatest protection for citizens. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of in driving trucks with nonhazardous materials Representatives of the United States of DOT is charged with developing the technical first, have experience in driving over different America in Congress assembled, guidelines to help aid this process and to terrains-the mountains, for example-be fa­ settle disputes, should they arise between SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. miliar with motor carrier safety regulations and This Act may be cited as the "Hazardous States. hazardous materials transportation regulations Materials Transportation Safety Amend­ DOT is also required to set minimum stand­ and have knowledge of emergency response ments of 1986". ards for safe havens for hazardous materials, equipment and procedures. including explosives and nuclear materials, SEC. 2. FINDINGS. States would be required to implement The Congress finds that- and to give guidance to States in designating these new procedures for licensing drivers of <1 > according to data of the Department these protected parking spots. A directory of hazardous materials in 2 years' time. If a State of Transportation there were 37,800 acci­ routes and safe ~avens must also be pub­ has a better idea or additional requirements, dents in 1984 involving regulated motor car­ lished so that motor carriers have a directory we allow that flexibility. If some States do not riers, which resulted in 2,700 fatalities, of where they may travel. adopt these new driver qualifications they 28,000 injuries, and $390,000,000 in property REGISTRATION would be subject to losing 15 percent of their damage; This bill requires DOT to annually register MCSAP grant in each year in which the State <2> the ratio of Federal safety inspectors to carriers has worsened substantially, as shippers, carriers, manufacturers, and others does not comply with these standards. While I demonstrated by the fact that in 1975 there connected with hazardous materials transpor­ don't often advocate this type of penalty, the was 1 safety inspector for every 1,300 carri­ tation. This provision is extremely important need for uniformity in licensing drivers who ers, and in 1984 there was 1 for every 2,200 because DOT does not now have accurate transport dangerous materials is clear: Unless carriers or approximately 1 inspector for data on who or what it is regulating. How can all States have similar laws, there will be the every 40,000 trucks; Aprilll, 1986 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 8057 <3> motor carrier safety functions of the "<7> duties and powers vested in the Secre­ shall report directly to the Associate Admin­ Department of Transportation have not tary under section 18 of the Bus Regulatory istrator. been carried out efficiently and effectively; Reform Act of 1982 <49 U.S.C. 10927 note); "<4> The Administrator shall carry out the <4> the responsibility for hazardous mate­ "<8> duties and powers vested in the Secre­ following duties and powers through the As­ rials transportation safety and enforcement tary under sections 401 through 404, and sociate Administrator for Hazardous Materi­ in the Department of Transportation is not section 414, of the Surface Transportation als Transportation: coordinated; Act of 1982 <49 U.S.C. 2301-2304 and 2314); " The duties and powers of the Secre­ <5> there exists within the Federal High­ "(9) duties and powers vested in the Secre­ tary of Transportation under the Hazardous way Administration the conflicting roles of tary under the Act of February 23, 1905 <49 Materials Transportation Act other than promoting and regulating the highway U.S.C. App. 1201 and following>; and". transportation industry which have directly the duties and powers delegated to the (b) BUREAU OF MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY.­ Coast Guard (49 C.F.R.§ 1.46(t)), to the Fed­ affected the ability of the United States Gov­ Section 105 of title 49, United States Code, ernment to protect its citizens and ensure the eral Aviation Administration <49 is amended by inserting after subsection C.F.R.§ 1.47(j)), to the Federal Highway Ad­ safety of its system of interstate highway the following: transportation; "(f)(l) There is established in the Admin­ ministration <49 C.F.R.§ 1.48(u)), and to the <6> the Office of Technology Assessment istration a bureau to be known as the Federal Railroad Administration <49 has concluded that 75 percent of firefight­ Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety The duties and powers of the Secre­ equately prepared to respond to a hazard­ 'Bureau'). tary of Transportation under section 306 ous materials transportation accident; "<2> The Bureau shall be headed by an As­ of the Comprehensive Environmental Re­ <7> the lack of designated routes for the sociate Deputy Administrator for Motor sponse, Compensation, and Liability Act. motor carrier transportation of hazardous Carrier Safety who shall be appointed by " The duties and powers of the Secre­ materials has hampered enforcement of the Secretary. tary of Transportation under section 137 of Federal routing regulations and caused con­ "(3) The Associate Deputy Administrator the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982. fusion among carriers and shippers; shall have direct control over employees of (d) MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY RATINGS.-Sec­ <8> the Department of Transportation the Bureau, and the employees of the tion 105 of title 49, United States Code Duties and powers vested in or as­ <4>. The carrier shall be notified of tive materials are vague, few safe haven signed to the Administrator to the extent such rating upon completion of the investi­ sites have been designated, and there is no they pertain to (i) investigations and en­ gation or audit conducted to establish such official inventory of such sites, carriers are forcement operations regarding motor carri­ rating. Effective one year after the date of induced to improperly store such explosives er safety conducted by offices and other the enactment of this subsection, the Asso­ and materials while they are in transit; units which are not located at the site of ciate Deputy Administrator shall publish <10> the lack of an effective hazardous ma­ the principal office of the Administration annually such safety ratings. The Govern­ terials registration program for shippers and the Federal Government has not yet u.s.c. 2301-2304). thorized to be appropriated to the Adminis­ adequately assessed either the health, " Such additional duties and powers as trator of the National Highway Traffic safety, or environmental risks of transport­ may be prescribed by the Administrator. Safety Administration not to exceed ing high level radioactive waste and spent "(5) Subject to the approval of the admin­ $19,600,000 for fiscal year 1987 and nuclear fuels or the transportation modes or istrator, the Associate Deputy Administra­ $21,000,000 for fiscal year 1988 to carry out routes that minimize such risks; and tor may issue rules and regulations to carry functions relating to motor carrier safety. <12> the training regulations of the Secre­ out powers and duties under this subsection. The Administrator of the National Highway tary of Transportation covering drivers and "(6) The head of the other organizational Traffic Safety Administration shall obligate workers involved in the transportation of units within the Administration shall con­ funds appropriated under this subsection to hazardous materials are vague and inad­ sult with the Associate Deputy Administra­ increase by 150 the number of motor carrier equate. tor regarding any matters within their orga­ safety inspectors employed by the Adminis­ SEC. 3. COORDINATION OF RESPONSIBILITY. nizational units regarding motor carrier tration. (a) CENTRALIZATION AND COORDINATION.­ safety. (b) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION ASSISTANCE Section 105 of title 49, United States "<7> Notwithstanding any other provision ACT oF 1982.-Section 404 of the Surface Code, is amended by striking out "and" at of law, the position held by a motor carrier Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 <49 the end of paragraph <1>, by redesignating safety inspector employed by the Adminis­ App. U.S.C. 2304) is amended- paragraph <2> as paragraph <10>. and by in­ tration shall be classified in accordance with <1 > by striking "$40,000,000" and inserting serting after paragraph <1> the following: chapter 51 of title 5, but at not lower than in lieu thereof "$50,000,000"; "(2) duties and powers vested in the Secre­ the grade of the General Schedule at which <2> by striking "and" after "1987"; tary by chapters 5 and 31 by striking "$50,000,000" and inserting lated to rail carriers>; (C) OFFICE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS in lieu thereof "$60,000,000"; and "<3> duties and powers vested in the Secre­ TRANSPORTATION.-Section 105 Of title 49, <4> by striking "1988." and inserting in lieu tary by sections 206, 210, and 212 of the United States Code ; section the following: and not to exceed $80,000,000 in the fiscal "(4) duties and powers vested in the Secre­ "(g)(l) There is established in the Admin­ year ending September 30, 1990.". tary under the Hazardous Materials Trans­ istration an office to be known as the Office (C) HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION portation Act <49 U.S.C. App. 1801 and fol­ of Hazardous Materials Transportation Acr.-Section 115 of the Hazardous Materi­ lowing) to inspect and examine records and The Office shall be headed by an As­ transportation or shipment of hazardous sociate Administrator for Hazardous Materi­ before the period a comma and the follow­ materials by motor vehicle; als Transportation who shall be appointed ing: "$6,750,000 for fiscal year 1987, and "(5) duties and powers vested in the Secre­ by the Secretary from persons who are tech­ $7,000,000 for fiscal year 1988". tary under section 18 of the Noise Control nically qualified in hazardous znaterials SEC. 5. TRANSPORTATION ROUTES AND PARKING Act of 1972 (42 U.S.C. 4917>; transportation. SITES. "(6) duties and powers vested in the Secre­ "(3) The Associate Administrator shall (a) GRANT PROGRAM.-Title IV of the Sur­ tary under section 30 of the Motor Carrier have direct control over employees of the face Transportation Act of 1982 is amended Act of 1980 <49 U.S.C. 10927 note>; Office, and the employees of the Office by adding at the end the following: 8058 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April17, 1986

"GRANTS FOR TRANSPORTATION ROUTES AND SEC. 7. ANNUAL MANDATORY REGISTRATION. mum qualifications for the licensing by the PARKING SITES (a) ANNuAL REGISTRATION.-Section 106(b) States of drivers of motor vehicles trans­ "SEc. 407. (a) The Secretary shall make of the Hazardous Materials Transportation porting hazardous materials designated grants to States and political subdivisions Act is amended- under section 104. In establishing such for- <1) by striking out "may be required by qualifications the Secretary shall consult " the designation of routes within the Secretary to prepare" and in.-.erting in with and take into account the recommen­ and between the States for the safe trans­ lieu thereof "shall be required by !;he Secre­ dations of States, administrators of State tary to annually prepare", and motor vehicle administrations, carriers and portation of hazardous materials, <2> by striking out "not more often than shippers of such materials, insurers, and "(B) determining the relative safety of once every 2 years". representatives of drivers. each of the routes proposed to be designat­ (b) REGISTRATION F'EE.-Section 106(b) Of ed, and "(2) Qualifications established under para­ the Hazardous Materials Transportation graph <1 >shall require- "(C) enforcement of the use of the desig­ Act is amended by adding at the end the fol­ " that a driver be licensed by only one nated routes by motor carriers transporting lowing: "The Secretary may establish a fee hazardous materials, and State to transport hazardous materials, for the annual registration required by this "(B) successful completion of written ex­ "(2) the designation of sites for the park­ subsection to cover the cost of such registra­ aminations to test the qualifications of li­ ing of motor vehicles transporting hazard­ tion. cense applicants to drive motor vehicles ous materials in accordance with regulations (C) EFFECTIVE DATE.-The Secretary of used for the transportation of such materi­ established by the Secretary for the desig­ Transportation shall establish a timetable als and to retest applicants to determine the nation of such sites. The Secretary shall approve alternate periodically report to the Congress any Act, be of no force or effect and the Admin­ licensing requirements submitted by a State changes in the flow of hazardous materials istrator may not issue an regulation having unless the Secretary determines that such identified by the study. the same effect as such regulation. The Sec­ requirements are not consistent with the (b) HAZARDOUS MATERIALS DEFINED.-For retary of Transportation shall conduct such purpose of the licensing requirements of purposes of subsection . the term "haz­ public information program as may be nec­ section 106 of the Hazardous Materials ardous materials" means a hazardous mate­ rial designated under section 104 of the Haz­ essary to publicize the safety benefits of Transportation Act. this section. <3> In any fiscal year in which a State is ardous Materials Transportation Act. not in compliance with paragraph <1>. the SEC. 11. SHIPMENT OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS. SEC. 13. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING AMEND· amount available to the State under appro­ ANALYSis.-The Secretary of Transpor­ MENTS. priations made under section 404 of the Sur­ tation, in consultation with the Department Section 104 of title 49, United States face Transportation Assistance Act of 1982 of Energy, shall complete an analysis of the Code, is amended by inserting "and" at the shall be reduced by 15 percent. risks to health, safety, and the environment end of paragraph <1>, by striking out para­ SEC. 10. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS FLOW STUDY. associated with transportation of high-level graph (2), and by redesignating paragraph nuclear waste and spent nuclear fuel to <1) (3) as paragraph (2). CoNTINUING STUDY.-The Secretary of the five potential geologic repository sites to Transportation shall conduct a continuing (b) Section 104 of such title is amended by be nominated by the Secretary of Energy as striking out subsection (d). study of the flow of hazardous materials in suitable for site characterization pursuant the United States which under regulations Section 105 of title 49, United States to section 112 of the Nuclear Waste Code, as amended by section 3, is further of the Secretary are required to bear at Policy Act, and (2) to and from any moni­ least two placards <49 C.F.R. Part 172, Sub­ amended by adding after and below para­ tored retrievable storage site authorized graph 00) the following: part F>. Such study shall be conducted- pursuant to section 141 ot the Nuclear <1 > to improve the targeting of Federal en­ "A decision of the Administrator in carrying Waste Policy Act. In addition, the Secretary out a duty or power specified in paragraphs forcement of Department of Transportation of Transportation shall evaluate and com­ requirements respecting the transportation pare routes and transportation modes that <1> through OO> and involving notice and of hazardous materials, entail the least risk to human health, hearing required by law is administratively <2> to improve the enforcement by States safety, and the environment. In completing final.". and localities of their requirements respect­ such analysis, the Secretary shall provide Section 5316 of title 5, United States ing such transportation, and appropriate opportunity for public com­ Code, is amended by adding at the end (3) to assist in the development of emer­ ment. thereof the following: gency response capabilities by States and lo­ REPORT.-The Secretary shall complete "Associate Deputy Administrator for calities. the analysis within one year of the date of Motor Carrier Safety, National Highway The study shall identify the routes followed the enactment of this Act and shall report Traffic Safety Administration. in the shipment of such materials and the the results of the analysis to the Congress "Associate Administrator for Hazardous types of accidents and incidents involving and the Secretary of Energy. Materials Transportation.".