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Educated Youth Should Go to the Rural Areas: a Tale of Education, Employment and Social Values*
Educated Youth Should Go to the Rural Areas: A Tale of Education, Employment and Social Values* Yang You† Harvard University This draft: July 2018 Abstract I use a quasi-random urban-dweller allocation in rural areas during Mao’s Mass Rustication Movement to identify human capital externalities in education, employment, and social values. First, rural residents acquired an additional 0.1-0.2 years of education from a 1% increase in the density of sent-down youth measured by the number of sent-down youth in 1969 over the population size in 1982. Second, as economic outcomes, people educated during the rustication period suffered from less non-agricultural employment in 1990. Conversely, in 2000, they enjoyed increased hiring in all non-agricultural occupations and lower unemployment. Third, sent-down youth changed the social values of rural residents who reported higher levels of trust, enhanced subjective well-being, altered trust from traditional Chinese medicine to Western medicine, and shifted job attitudes from objective cognitive assessments to affective job satisfaction. To explore the mechanism, I document that sent-down youth served as rural teachers with two new county-level datasets. Keywords: Human Capital Externality, Sent-down Youth, Rural Educational Development, Employment Dynamics, Social Values, Culture JEL: A13, N95, O15, I31, I25, I26 * This paper was previously titled and circulated, “Does living near urban dwellers make you smarter” in 2017 and “The golden era of Chinese rural education: evidence from Mao’s Mass Rustication Movement 1968-1980” in 2015. I am grateful to Richard Freeman, Edward Glaeser, Claudia Goldin, Wei Huang, Lawrence Katz, Lingsheng Meng, Nathan Nunn, Min Ouyang, Andrei Shleifer, and participants at the Harvard Economic History Lunch Seminar, Harvard Development Economics Lunch Seminar, and Harvard China Economy Seminar, for their helpful comments. -
Research on Employment Difficulties and the Reasons of Typical
2017 3rd International Conference on Education and Social Development (ICESD 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-444-8 Research on Employment Difficulties and the Reasons of Typical Resource-Exhausted Cities in Heilongjiang Province during the Economic Transition Wei-Wei KONG1,a,* 1School of Public Finance and Administration, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China [email protected] *Corresponding author Keywords: Typical Resource-Exhausted Cities, Economic Transition, Employment. Abstract. The highly correlation between the development and resources incurs the serious problems of employment during the economic transition, such as greater re-employment population, lower elasticity of employment, greater unemployed workers in coal industry. These problems not only hinder the social stability, but also slow the economic transition and industries updating process. We hope to push forward the economic transition of resource-based cities and therefore solve the employment problems through the following measures: developing specific modern agriculture and modern service industry, encouraging and supporting entrepreneurships, implementing re-employment trainings, strengthening the public services systems for SMEs etc. Background According to the latest statistics from the State Council for 2013, there exists 239 resource-based cities in China, including 31 growing resource-based cities, 141 mature, and 67 exhausted. In the process of economic reform, resource-based cities face a series of development challenges. In December 2007, the State Council issued the Opinions on Promoting the Sustainable Development of Resource-Based Cities. The National Development and Reform Commission identified 44 resource-exhausted cities from March 2008 to March 2009, supporting them with capital, financial policy and financial transfer payment funds. In the year of 2011, the National Twelfth Five-Year Plan proposed to promote the transformation and development of resource-exhausted area. -
Changchun–Harbin Expressway Project
Performance Evaluation Report Project Number: PPE : PRC 30389 Loan Numbers: 1641/1642 December 2006 People’s Republic of China: Changchun–Harbin Expressway Project Operations Evaluation Department CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit – yuan (CNY) At Appraisal At Project Completion At Operations Evaluation (July 1998) (August 2004) (December 2006) CNY1.00 = $0.1208 $0.1232 $0.1277 $1.00 = CNY8.28 CNY8.12 CNY7.83 ABBREVIATIONS AADT – annual average daily traffic ADB – Asian Development Bank CDB – China Development Bank DMF – design and monitoring framework EIA – environmental impact assessment EIRR – economic internal rate of return FIRR – financial internal rate of return GDP – gross domestic product ha – hectare HHEC – Heilongjiang Hashuang Expressway Corporation HPCD – Heilongjiang Provincial Communications Department ICB – international competitive bidding JPCD – Jilin Provincial Communications Department JPEC – Jilin Provincial Expressway Corporation MOC – Ministry of Communications NTHS – national trunk highway system O&M – operations and maintenance OEM – Operations Evaluation Mission PCD – provincial communication department PCR – project completion report PPTA – project preparatory technical assistance PRC – People’s Republic of China RRP – report and recommendation of the President TA – technical assistance VOC – vehicle operating cost NOTE In this report, “$” refers to US dollars. Keywords asian development bank, development effectiveness, expressways, people’s republic of china, performance evaluation, heilongjiang province, jilin province, transport Director Ramesh Adhikari, Operations Evaluation Division 2, OED Team leader Marco Gatti, Senior Evaluation Specialist, OED Team members Vivien Buhat-Ramos, Evaluation Officer, OED Anna Silverio, Operations Evaluation Assistant, OED Irene Garganta, Operations Evaluation Assistant, OED Operations Evaluation Department, PE-696 CONTENTS Page BASIC DATA v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vii MAPS xi I. INTRODUCTION 1 A. -
The First International U3as Online Art Awards 2020 ---Drawing/Painting
The First International U3As Online Art Awards 2020 ---Drawing/Painting Winners list Premier Concours International d'art des U3As 2020 --- Liste des gagnants de dessin / peinture Nationality/N Awards/ Prix Participants U3A ationalité Top Award/ Meilleur prix Tan Hongbin Yantai Tianma U3A Chinese Golden Awards/ Prix or Yang Xuzhou Qingdao Shinan District U3A Chinese Liu Lijie Yantai Tianma U3A Chinese Silver Awards/ Prix argent Theresa U3A AUT Lebanon Lebanese BEST Expression of Abstract Awards/ Prix Abstrait Ninón Daphne Ichazo UCB universidad adulto mayor UPTE Bolivian Munter Excellence Awards/ Prix Yasumasa Arai U3J Tokyo(Heart No Kai) Japanese excellence Universidad Mexiquense del Bicentenario, Librado Ojeda Unidad de Estudios Superiores para Adultos y Mexican Adultos Mayores Ecatepec Golden Awards/ Prix or Yang Na Weihai Rushan Municipal U3A Chinese Tang Huaren Weihai Municipal U3A Chinese Silver Awards/ Prix argent Sumiko Tachibana U3J Tokyo( NPO HEART NO KAI) Japanese Liu Wentao Zaozhuang Shizhong District U3A Chinese BEST Color Awards/ Prix Zhao Zhongkun Qingdao Municipal U3A Chinese couleur Marinella Caprotti UTE Bresso Italian Excellence Awards/ Prix excellence Sarah Sergienki U3A AUT Lebanon Lebanese Josephine Swift EU Bratislava,Slovakia Slovakian MÁRIA ŠIMNOVÁ Economic University Bratislava Slovakian Golden Awards/ Prix or Eleonor Youssef Aiuta paint and creativity Lebanese Marinella Caprotti UTE Bresso Italian Silver Awards/ Prix argent Lin Zhihong Yantai Tianma U3A Chinese BEST Composition Awards/ Prix composition Eva Novotná -
Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China
Country Report for the Preparation of the First Report on the State of the World’s Animal Genetic Resources Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China June 2003 Beijing CONTENTS Executive Summary Biological diversity is the basis for the existence and development of human society and has aroused the increasing great attention of international society. In June 1992, more than 150 countries including China had jointly signed the "Pact of Biological Diversity". Domestic animal genetic resources are an important component of biological diversity, precious resources formed through long-term evolution, and also the closest and most direct part of relation with human beings. Therefore, in order to realize a sustainable, stable and high-efficient animal production, it is of great significance to meet even higher demand for animal and poultry product varieties and quality by human society, strengthen conservation, and effective, rational and sustainable utilization of animal and poultry genetic resources. The "Report on Domestic Animal Genetic Resources in China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") was compiled in accordance with the requirements of the "World Status of Animal Genetic Resource " compiled by the FAO. The Ministry of Agriculture" (MOA) has attached great importance to the compilation of the Report, organized nearly 20 experts from administrative, technical extension, research institutes and universities to participate in the compilation team. In 1999, the first meeting of the compilation staff members had been held in the National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, discussed on the compilation outline and division of labor in the Report compilation, and smoothly fulfilled the tasks to each of the compilers. -
Analysis on the Design and Development Countermeasures of Eco-Tourism Routes in Shengshan National Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang Province
International Journal of New Developments in Engineering and Society ISSN 2522-3488 Vol. 3, Issue 2: 252-255, DOI: 10.25236/IJNDES.19233 Analysis on the Design and Development Countermeasures of Eco-tourism Routes in Shengshan National Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang Province Zhao Zhuang1, Wang Wen2* ,Yang Yilin3 1. College of Business Administration, Jilin Engineering Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China 2. Professor, Beijing Research Center for Science of Science, Beijing, China 3. Basic Teaching Department , Liaoyuan Vocational Technical College, Liaoyuan, Jilin , China *Corresponding Author ABSTRACT. Heilongjiang Shengshan national nature reserve is located in the southwest of Aihui district, Heihe city, Heilongjiang province, China. The reserve provides ideal places for the survival and breeding of many rare wild animal and plants, and provides a good foundation for the development of ecological tourism. Taking Shengshan national nature reserve in Heilongjiang province as the research object, this paper firstly analyzes the general situation of eco-tourism resources in Shengshan nature reserve, and secondly analyzes the development status of local tourism. Thirdly, we design ecotourism routes. Finally, on the basis of the above analysis, the countermeasures for the development of Eco-tourism in the reserve are put forward. KEYWORDS: Current situation, Eco-tourism products, Route design, Countermeasure 1. Introduction There is a considerable amount of research on eco-tourism development in nature reserve at China and abroad .Zhao Zhuang and Wang Wen(2010) studied the landscape quality evaluation of Shengshan national nature reserve and they found the countermeasures for Eco-tourism development [1-2].Rugayah Hashima et al. (2015) studied the sustainable regeneration function of Langkawi island ecosystem in Malaysia through ecotourism.[3].Guo Jinhui,Sun and Yujun.Studied the Evaluation System of Community Participation in Ecotourism in Nature Reserves [4]. -
Comprehensive Evaluation of Land Resources Carrying Capacity Under Different Scales Based on RAGA-PPC Qiuxiang Jiang, Qiang Fu, Jun Meng, Zilong Wang, Ke Zhao
Comprehensive Evaluation of Land Resources Carrying Capacity under Different Scales Based on RAGA-PPC Qiuxiang Jiang, Qiang Fu, Jun Meng, Zilong Wang, Ke Zhao To cite this version: Qiuxiang Jiang, Qiang Fu, Jun Meng, Zilong Wang, Ke Zhao. Comprehensive Evaluation of Land Resources Carrying Capacity under Different Scales Based on RAGA-PPC. 8th International Con- ference on Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture (CCTA), Sep 2014, Beijing, China. pp.200-209, 10.1007/978-3-319-19620-6_25. hal-01420233 HAL Id: hal-01420233 https://hal.inria.fr/hal-01420233 Submitted on 20 Dec 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Comprehensive Evaluation of Land Resources Carrying Capacity under Different Scales Based on RAGA-PPC 1,2,3,4,a 1,2,3 4 1,2,3,4 1 Qiuxiang Jiang , Qiang Fu , Jun Meng , Zilong Wang , Ke Zhao 1College of Water Conservancy and Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030; 2Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Production Capacity Improvement in Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030; 3Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture, College of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030;4Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station of Agricultural and Forestry Economy Management, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030 [email protected] Abstract. -
5 January 2021
Singapore | Immigration | 5 January 2021 Immigration news alerts COVID-19 The COVID-19 situation is a rapidly evolving situation, and authorities across the globe frequently update their travel advisories and immigration policies in response to the outbreak situation on the ground. In this series of news alerts, we will provide you with the latest news to keep you up to date on the developments in our region. For the latest country-specific travel restrictions and immigration information in relation to COVID-19, visit gowork.ges.deloitte to view Deloitte’s digital travel map (beta release) Note: If you have trouble accessing any of the links below, please try to copy and paste them directly into your browser. Macao Medical observations required for all arrivals to Macao Centre for Disease Control and Prevention | 5 January 2021 All arrivals who have been to the following territories within the past 14 days prior to their entry into Macao must, at the discretion of the health authorities, undergo medical observation at a designated venue for 14 days: • Shenyang City of Liaoning Province (w.e.f. 6.00 a.m. on 5 January 2021) • Dalian City of Liaoning Province (w.e.f. 6.00 a.m. on 3 January 2021) • Renhe Town of Shunyi District, Beijing (w.e.f. 6.00 a.m. on 3 January 2021) • Nancai Town of Shunyi District, Beijing (w.e.f. 6.00 a.m. on 2 January 2021) • Aihui District of Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province (w.e.f. 12.00 p.m. on 31 December 2020) • Nanfaxin Town, Gaoliying Town or Shengli Subdistrict of Shunyi District, Beijing (w.e.f. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 310 3rd International Conference on Culture, Education and Economic Development of Modern Society (ICCESE 2019) Exploring the Strategy for Inheritance of Heilongjiang Province's Traditional Dance in Colleges and Universities Taking the Traditional Dance of Oroqen as an Example* Rui Zhang Weibo Dang College of Music College of Music Heihe University Heihe University Heihe, China Heihe, China Abstract—Taking the traditional dance of Oroqen in Heilongjiang Province as an example, this paper studies and II. THE ORIGIN OF OROQEN DANCE analyzes the origin of Oroqen dance and the significance of The Chinese Oroqen people mainly live in Inner inheritance of Oroqen dance in colleges and universities, Mongolia Autonomous Region and Heilongjiang Province. further explores the strategy for inheritance of Heilongjiang In Heilongjiang Province, Oroqen people mainly live in Province's traditional dance in colleges and universities and Xunke County of Heihe City, Aihui District, Huma County puts forward ideas for colleges and universities to further and Jiayin County of Yichun City in Greater Khingan Range expand “intangible cultural heritage” protection and improve the protection level. region. The Oroqen is one of the ethnic minorities with a small population in the northeastern part of China. It is a Keywords—traditional dance; colleges and universities; nation living on hunting. Before the middle of 17th century, strategy the Oroqen people were distributed in the east of Lake Baikal, the north of Heilongjiang River and the vast area centered on Jingqili River. In the history, there were mainly Bo Shiwei I. INTRODUCTION people and Shenmoda Shiwei people. -
The First International U3as Online Art Awards 2020 ---Poem Winners List/ Premier Concours International D'art Des U3as 2020 --- Liste Des Gagnants En Poésie
The First International U3As Online Art Awards 2020 ---Poem Winners list/ Premier Concours International d'art des U3As 2020 --- Liste des gagnants en poésie Nationality/Nati Awards/ Prix Participants U3A onalité SALVADOR ESPAÑA UMA (Universidad de Málaga-Aula de Top Awards/ Meilleur prix Spanish RAMOS mayores 55+) Golden Awards/ Prix or Mouhamed BA UNITRA-SENEGAL Senegalese Xunke County U3A, Heihe City, Zhang Yulong Chinese Silver Awards/ Prix Heilongjiang Province argent Hélio Schulz UDC Paraguay Brazilian Clélia Gomes Jebai UDC Brazil Brazilian BEST Expression Awards/ Prix Bai Yunfeng Jining Qufu Municipal U3A Chinese expression Xiao Zhanghong Ji'an Municipal U3A, Jiangxi Province Chinese Excellence Awards/ Prix excellence Xunke County U3A, Heihe City, Peng Jinqiao Chinese Heilongjiang Province BEST Expression Awards/ Prix expression Excellence Awards/ Prix excellence Xunke County U3A, Heihe City, Shi Guangdong Chinese Heilongjiang Province Liu Luchang Zibo Linzi District U3A Chinese TKM - Universidade Sénior Dom Sancho I Golden Awards/ Prix or Maria Caiano Azevedo Portuguese de Almada Wang Gang Zibo Gaoqing County U3A Chinese Silver Awards/ Prix argent Guan Yunping Weihai Municipal U3A Chinese Ren Fu Weihai Municipal U3A Chinese BEST Poem of Scenery Description Awards/ Prix Li Mei Zibo Gaoqing County U3A Chinese description de paysage Xunke County U3A, Heihe City, Bo Xiulan Chinese Excellence Awards/ Prix Heilongjiang Province excellence Zhang Zhenming Zibo Gaoqing County U3A Chinese Yan Jihong Weihai Municipal U3A Chinese Yang Wenxi -
EIA-Hei Longjiang Heihua
Environmental Impact Report on Construction Project (State Environmental Assessment Certificate B Document No. 1705) Project Title: Energy System Optimization (Energy Saving) Project for 150,000t/a Synthetic Ammonia & 30,000t/a Methanol Facility of Heilongjiang Heihua Co., Ltd. Owner (Seal): Heilongjiang Heihua Co., Ltd. Compiled on: February 9, 2009 Prepared by the Ministry of Environmental Protection Project Title: Energy System Optimization (Energy Saving) Project for 150,000t/a Synthetic Ammonia & 30,000t/a Methanol Facility of Heilongjiang Heihua Co., Ltd. Project Title: Environmental Impact Report on Energy System Optimization (Energy Saving) Project for 150,000t/a Synthetic Ammonia & 30,000t/a Methanol Facility of Heilongjiang Heihua Co., Ltd. Project Type: Technical reconstruction Consigned by: Heilongjiang Heihua Co., Ltd. Compiled by: Environmental Impact Assessment Lab of Qiqihar University Assessment Certificate: Grade B, State Environmental Assessment Certificate B No. 1705 Legal Representative: Chang Jianghua Executive Director: Li Yingjie Project Executive: Zhao Fuquan Project Technical Auditor: Li Yingjie Major Authors Author Technical Title Job Certificate No. Major Work Signature Zhao Fuquan Associate B17050003 Engineering Professor analysis Dong Guowen Lecturer B17050007 Environmental impact analysis 1 Profile of Construction Project Energy System Optimization (Energy Saving) Project for 150,000t/a Synthetic Project Title Ammonia & 30,000t/a Methanol Facility of Heilongjiang Heihua Co., Ltd. Client Heilongjiang Heihua -
HARBIN BANK CO., LTD. (A Joint Stock Company Incorporated in the People’S Republic of China with Limited Liability) Stock Code: 6138
HARBIN BANK CO., LTD. (A joint stock company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) Stock Code: 6138 2020 INTERIM REPORT Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. Contents Interim Report 2020 Definitions 2 Company Profile 3 Summary of Accounting Data and Financial Indicators 7 Management Discussion and Analysis 9 Changes in Share Capital and Information on Shareholders 73 Directors, Supervisors, Senior Management and Employees 78 Important Events 84 Organisation Chart 90 Financial Statements 91 Documents for Inspection 188 The Company holds the Finance Permit No. B0306H223010001 approved by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and has obtained the Business License (Unified Social Credit Code: 912301001275921118) approved by the Market Supervision and Administration Bureau of Harbin. The Company is not an authorised institution within the meaning of the Hong Kong Banking Ordinance (Chapter 155 of the Laws of Hong Kong), not subject to the supervision of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority, and not authorised to carry on banking/deposit-taking business in Hong Kong. Denitions In this report, unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms shall have the meanings set out below. “Articles of Association” the Articles of Association of Harbin Bank Co., Ltd. “Board” or “Board of Directors” the board of directors of the Company “Board of Supervisors” the board of supervisors of the Company “CBIRC”/”CBRC” the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission/China Banking Regulatory Commission (before 17 March