Addressees of Horace’s Odes M re ver, the oaristys betwaeen the p et and Lydra (3 9) (“the only one of Ho- race’s lyrics in dialogue”)5 rs rndexed under b th headrngs – as wa uld have happened war- th any de rncludrng m re than ne addres- P sees any themes and many characters Frnally, the Latrn wa rdrng f each ad- find therr waay rnt Ho race’ss ddes dress rs grven rn parentheses next t the nu- M merrcal desrgnatr n f the des 6 My purp - In wahat f ll was I attempt t lrst the drrect addressees f the p et rn thrs wa - se rs t rnclude nly the rnf rmatr n wahrch rk My classrficatr n rs summarrzed rn a ta- rs requrred t rdentrfy the addressee Thus, ble added as an apendrx t thrs entry warrtrng d wan the c ll catr n “Aeli vetusto S me clarrficatr ns are n wa rn rder nobilis ab Lamo” (3 17) rs necessary t rec - Thrs rs a lrst f directly addressed rndrvrduals gnrze Lucrus Aelrus Lamra, but the phrase dbvr usly many des can be rnterpreted as a “Maecenas atavis edite regibus” (1 1) d es m re r less unambrgu us eul g r censure n t play the same crucral r le rn establrshrng f specrfic pers ns, but these rndrrect ad- the rdentrty f Garus Crlnrus Maecenas dresses are n t rec rded here 1 There are, F nevertheless, twa n table exceptr ns Frrst- ly, the g ds are deemed as drrect addressees 1. Specifed addressees rn the cases wahen the p et adm nrshes th- ers t prarse them 2 Sec ndly, desprte als 1.1. Persons berng an rndrrect recrprent, Pl trus Numrda rs lrsted here due t the lack f ther drrect 1.1.1. Poet’s self addressees rn dde 1 36 Furtherm re, the sc pe f thrs lrst al- ☞ 1 19, 1 34, 2 5,7 3 9, 3 30 s excludes exclamatr ns,3 as waell as ad- 3 27 dresses rn embedded narratrves 4 5 Clrf rd Hoerschel M re, Horace: The Odes, Epo- des and Carmen Saeculare, Amerrcan B k C m- 1 F r example, dde 4 4 rs an enc mrum f the pany, Newa Y rk and Crncrnnatr, 1902, p 267 Claudrr Ner nes and especrally f Claudrus Ner 6 As alwaays, the first number den tes the b k, Drusus, but R me rs the drrect addressee wahrle the sec nd ne marks the de 2 dde 1 21 pr vrdes an example f thrs 7 “The anonymous addressee of 2.5 is most certainly 3 F r example, the “pro curia inversique mores!” the poet himself” (Marr Crtr nr, “Occasion and Le- part rn dde 3 5 vels of Address in Horatian Lyric”, rn Mrchele 4 F r example, the rnv catr n f g ds (“o deorum L warre (ed ), Horace: Odes and Epodes, dxf rd U- siquis haec audis”) durrng Eur pa’ss utburst rn dde nrversrty Press, dxf rd, 2009, p 73n6)
Crte thrs entry: Chrys valantrs Srtsanrs, “Addressees of Horace’s Odes”, rn Chrys valantrs Srtsanrs (ed ) Archiopedia (Aprrl 2020 edrtr n), p 1-5, ISSN 2732-6012 1.1.2. Others 1.1.2.1.2. Conceptual
1.1.2.1. Non-human ☞ Roma: 4 4 (“Roma”)
1.1.2.1.1. Mythological 1.1.2.2. Human
☞ Apollo: 1 12 (“Phoebe”), 1 21 (“in- 1.1.2.2.1. Individuals tonsum [...] Cynthium”), 1 31 (“La- toe”), 4 6 (“Dive”) 1.1.2.2.1.1. Eponymous ☞ Bacchus: 1 12, 2 19 (“Liber”), 3 25 (“Bacche”, “Lenaee”) 1.1.2.2.1.1.1. Kinfolks ☞ Calliope: 3 4 (“Calliope”) ☞ Clio: 1 12 (“Clio”) ☞ Gaius Cilnius Maecenas: 1 1, 1 20, ☞ Diana: 1 12 (“saevis inimica virgo be- 2 12, 2 17, 2 20, 3 8, 3 16, 3 29 luis”), 1 21 (“Dianam”), 3 22 (“mon- (“Maecenas”) tium custos nemorumque”) ☞ Gaius Marcius Censorinus: 4 8 ☞ Faunus: 3 18 (“Faune”) (“Censorine”) ☞ Fortuna: 1 35 (“diva, gratum quae re- ☞ Lucius Aelius Lamia: 3 17 (“Aeli ve- gis Antium”) tusto nobilis ab Lamo”) ☞ Jupiter: 1 12 (“orte Saturno”) ☞ Lucius Manlius Torquatus (flius): ☞ Latona: 1 21 (“Latonamque”) 4 7 (“Torquate”) ☞ Melpomene: 1 24, 3 30, 4 3 (“Mel- ☞ Lucius Sestius Nepos: 1 4 (“Sesti”) pomene”) ☞ Marcus Aristius Fuscus: 1 22 (“Fu- ☞ Mercury: 1 2 (“filius Maiae”), 1 10, sce”) 3 11 (“Mercuri”) ☞ Plotius Numida: 1 36 (“Numidae”) ☞ Muse: 1 26 (“quae fontibus integris ☞ Pompeius Grosphus: 2 16 (“Gros- gaudes”, “Piplei dulcis”) 8 phe”) ☞ Venus: 1 30, 4 1 (“Venus”), 3 26 ☞ Pompeius Varro: 2 7 (“Pompei”) (“quae beatam diva tenes Cyprum et ☞ Publius Alfenus Varus: 1 18 (“Va- Memphin carentem Sithonia nive, re- re”) gina”) ☞ Publius Vergilius Maro: 1 24, 4 12 (“Vergili”) 9 8 Prpla rs “a bizarre spelling of ‘Pimplea’” (Davrd R Slavrtt, Horace: Odes, Unrversrty f Wrsc nsrn 9 C ncernrng the dde 4 12, let rt be n ted that “it Press, Madrs n and L nd n, 2014, p 40) Prmplea is a matter of dispute whether this Vergil is the fa- r Prmplera (Πίμπλεια rn Greek) waas a place sacred mous poet or another, unknown individual” (Jefrey t the Muses rn Prerra, Greece Ho Karm wartz (trans ), The Odes of Horace, J hns
2 ☞ Quinctius Hirpinus: 2 11 (“Hirpine ☞ Gaius Valgius Rufus: 2 9 (“Valgi”) Quincti”) 10 ☞ Lucius Licinius Murena: 2 10 (“Lic- ☞ Septimius: 2 6 (“Septimi”) ini”) ☞ Lucius Munatius Plancus: 1 7 1.1.2.2.1.1.2. Public fgures (“Plance”) ☞ Marcus Lollius: 4 9 (“Lolli”) 1.1.2.2.1.1.2.1. Philosophers ☞ Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa: 1 6 (“Agrippa”) ☞ Archytas: 1 28 (“Archyta”) ☞ Quintus Dellius: 2 3 (“Delli”) ☞ Gaius Sallustius Crispus: 2 2 (“Cris- pe Sallusti”) 1.1.2.2.1.1.3. Others12 ☞ Iccius: 1 29 (“Icci”) ☞ Asterie: 3 7 (“Asterie”) 1.1.2.2.1.1.2.2. Poets ☞ Barine: 2 8 (“Barine”) ☞ Chloe: 1 23 (“Chloe”) ☞ Albius Tibullus: 1 33 (“Albi”) ☞ Chloris: 3 15 (“Chlori”) ☞ Gaius Antonius Iullus: 4 2 (“Iulle”) ☞ Galatea: 3 27 (“Galatea”) ☞ Leuconoe: 1 11 (“Leuconoe”) 1.1.2.2.1.1.2.3. Statesmen ☞ Ligurinus: 4 1, 4 10 (“Ligurine”) 13 ☞ Lyce: 3 10, 4 13 (“Lyce”) ☞ Augustus: 1 2, 4 15 (“Caesar”), 4 5 ☞ Lyde: 3 28 (“Lyde”) (“Divis orte bonis, optume Romulae ☞ Lydia: 1 8, 1 13, 1 25, 3 9 (“Lydia”) custos gentis”, “duxe bone”),11 4 14 ☞ Neobule’s self: 3 12 (“Neobule”) (“Auguste”) ☞ Phidyle: 3 23 (“Phidyle”) ☞ Gaius Asinius Pollio: 2 1 (“Pollio”) 12 Thrs sectr n m stly (but n t alwaays) lrsts the Ho pkrns Unrversrty Press, Baltrm re, 2008, p p et’ss l ve rnterests: “Horace introduces so many 165n3) different names [...], and refrains so consistently from 10 Paul Sh rey and G rd n J Larng, Horace: Odes decisively casting his erotic lot with any of these, that and Epodes, Benj Ho Sanb rn & C , Chrcag , readers must either marvel at the variegation of his 1919, read “Quinti” I f ll wa the c rrectr ns f love life or recognize that Horatian lyric is not in- Stanley L mbard (trans ) and Anth ny C rberll vested in the development of a coherent erotic ‘plot’” (rntr d and n tes), Horace: Odes with Carmen (Ellen dlrensrs, Loving Writing / Ovid’s Amores, Saeculare, Hoackett Publrshrng, Indranap lrs and Cambrrdge Unrversrty Press, Cambrrdge, 2019, p Cambrrdge, 2018, p xvrrr 109) 11 The wa rd “Caesar” exrsts rn thrs de, but Au- 13 Sh rey and Larng, op. cit., read “Ligurinum” rn gustus rs addressed here nly thr ugh the use f dde 4 10 I f ll wa the c rrectr ns f L mbard h n rrfic v catrves and C rberll, op. cit.
3 ☞ Phyllis: 4 11 (“Phylli”) ☞ 3 14 (“plebs”, “pueri et puellae”) ☞ Postumus: 2 14 (“Postume, Pos- tume”) 1.2. Things ☞ Pyrrha: 1 5 (“Pyrrha”) ☞ Pyrrhus: 3 20 (“Pyrrhe”) ☞ Bandusia’s fount: 3 13 (“fons Bandu- ☞ Thaliarchus: 1 9 (“Thaliarche”) siae”) ☞ Tyndaris: 1 17 (“Tyndari”) ☞ Lyre: 1 32, 3 11 (“testudo”) ☞ Xanthias the Phocean: 2 4 (“Xanthia ☞ Ship: 1 3, 1 14 (“navis”) Phoceu”) ☞ Tree: 2 13 (“arbos”) ☞ Wine-jar: 3 21 (“testa”) 1.1.2.2.1.2. Anonymous 2. Unspecifed addressees ☞ 1 16 (“matre pulcra filia pulchrior”) ☞ 2 18 (“tu”) 14 ☞ 1 15, 2 15, 3 2, 3 3, 3 5 ☞ 1 38, 3 14, 3 19 (“puer”) 15 ☞ 3 24 16 CHoRYSdVALANTIS SITSANIS 1.1.2.2.2. Multitudes
☞ 1 21 (“tenerae [...] virgines”, “pueri”, “mares”) ☞ 1 27, 1 37 (“sodales”) ☞ 2 19 (“posteri”) ☞ 3 1 (“virginibus puerisque”) ☞ 3 6 (“Romane”) 17
14 Thrs an nym us addressee rs perhaps Maecenas, see R G M Nrsbet and M Houbbard, A Commen- tary on Horace: Odes, Book II, Clarend n Press, dxf rd, 1978, p 289-290 15 The de c ntarns a t ast t Lucrus Lrcrnrus Mur- ena and yet “in 3.19 none of the characters addressed can be identified with Murena” (Crtr nr, op. cit., p 73n2) 16 The de rs addressed t a “diatribic ‘you’” (Crt- r nr, op. cit., p 74) 17 Needless t say, “Romanus” rs here a c llectrve n un
4 Addressee Name Ode 1. Specifed 1.1. Persons 1.1.1. Poet’s self 1.19, 1.34, 2.5, 3.9, 3.30 1.1.2. Others 1.1.2.1. Non-human 1.1.2.1.1. Mythological Apollo 1.12, 1.21, 1.31, 4.6 Bacchus 1.12, 2.19, 3.25 Calliope 3.4 Clio 1.12 Diana 1.12, 1.21, 3.22 Faunus 3.18 Fortuna 1.35 Jupiter 1.12 Latona 1.21 Melpomene 1.24, 3.30, 4.3 Mercury 1.2, 1.10, 3.11 Muse 1.26 Venus 1.30, 3.26, 4.1 1.1.2.1.2. Conceptual Roma 4.4 1.1.2.2. Human 1.1.2.2.1. Individuals 1.1.2.2.1.1. Eponymous 1.1.2.2.1.1.1. Kinfolks Gaius Cilnius Maecenas 1.1, 1.20, 2.12, 2.17, 2.20, 3.8, 3.16, 3.29 Gaius Marcius Censorinus 4.8 Lucius Aelius Lamia 3.17 Lucius Manlius Torquatus 4.7 Lucius Sestius Nepos 1.4 Marcus Aristius Fuscus 1.22 Plotius Numida 1.36 Pompeius Grosphus 2.16 Pompeius Varro 2.7 Publius Alfenus Varus 1.18 Publius Vergilius Maro 1.24, 4.12 Quinctius Hirpinus 2.11 Septimius 2.6 1.1.2.2.1.1.2. Public fgures 1.1.2.2.1.1.2.1. Philosophers Archytas 1.28 Gaius Sallustius Crispus 2.2 Iccius 1.29 1.1.2.2.1.1.2.2. Poets Albius Tibullus 1.33 Gaius Antonius Iullus 4.2 1.1.2.2.1.1.2.3. Statesmen Augustus 1.2, 4.5, 4.14, 4.15 Gaius Asinius Pollio 2.1 Gaius Valgius Rufus 2.9 Lucius Licinius Murena 2.10 Lucius Munatius Plancus 1.7 Marcus Lollius 4.9 Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa 1.6 Quintus Dellius 2.3 1.1.2.2.1.1.3. Others Asterie 3.7 Barine 2.8 Chloe 1.23 Chloris 3.15 Galatea 3.27 Leuconoe 1.11 Ligurinus 4.1, 4.10 Lyce 3.10, 4.13 Lyde 3.28 Lydia 1.8, 1.13, 1.25, 3.9 Neobule’s self 3.12 Phidyle 3.23 Phyllis 4.11 Postumus 2.14 Pyrrha 1.5 Pyrrhus 3.20 Thaliarchus 1.9 Tyndaris 1.17 Xanthias the Phocean 2.4 1.1.2.2.1.2. Anonymous 1.16, 1.38, 2.18, 3.14, 3.19, 3.24 1.1.2.2.2. Multitudes 1.21, 1.27, 1.37, 2.19, 3.1, 3.6, 3.14 1.2. Things Bandusia’s fount 3.13 Lyre 1.32, 3.11 Ship 1.3, 1.14 Tree 2.13 Wine-jar 3.21 2. Unspecifed 1.15, 2.15, 3.2, 3.3, 3.5 Table 1. The addressees of Horace’s Odes