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Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Plantation and Rice Field Ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub-District, Ogan Komering Ilir District

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Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Plantation and Rice Field Ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub-District, Ogan Komering Ilir District An Inventory of Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the Plantation and Rice Field Ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir District Ari Sugiarto Email: [email protected] Abstract Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) can be a threat to agricultural crops. Serdang Menang Village has a plantation and rice field ecosystems that has potential threats from grasshoppers. An inventory of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is needed on plantation and rice field ecosystems in Serdang Menang Village as an effort to estimate the potential for contamination of grasshoppers in the plantation and rice field ecosystems. This research was carried out in the plantation and rice field ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub- district, Ogan Komering Ilir District in October 2018. This research method used Sweep net and hand picking, as well as taking photos of grasshoppers with a camera. Species of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) found in the plantation and rice field ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village number 6 species (Gesonula mundata, Oxya Hyla, Phlaeoba fumosa, Valanga nigricornis, Xenocatantops humilis, and Xenocatantops sp.). Species of grasshoppers are more commonly found in the rice field ecosystems than in plantation ecosystems, this can indicate that the rice field ecosystems have a greater potential threat of grasshoppers than in plantation ecosystems. Keywords: Ecosystems, Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Serdang Menang Village 1. Introduction Grasshoppers are included in the order Plantation, Rice Fields, River and of Orthoptera with an estimated number of Settlements. Seeing the role of species of 20,000 (Borror et al., 2005 in grasshoppers in ecosystems that tend to be Prakoso, 2017). Grasshoppers are not detrimental, it is necessary to do an randomly distributed in the different inventory of grasshoppers in the plantation environments in which they are located. and rice field ecosystems in Serdang Grasshoppers have a distribution pattern Menang Village in an effort to estimate the that is related primarily to the availability of potential of the grasshoppers in the food in various types of vegetation, plantation and rice field ecosystems. anthropic factors, light intensity and canopy (Almeida and Camara, 2008). 2. Research Methods One of family of the order Orthoptera is This the research was conducted in Acrididae. According to Seino et al. (2013), Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau short horned grasshopper from the family Padang Sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir of Acredidae is a pest on agricultural crops. District in October 2018. Sampling This is also supported by Prakoso (2017), locations were determined on the plantation grasshoppers from family of Acrididae act and rice field ecosystems. Based on the as herbivores in the ecosystems. research by Almeida and Camara (2008), Serdang Menang Village located in grasshoppers are found in various types of Sirah Pulau Padang Sub-district, Ogan vegetation. Grasshoppers sampling was Komering Ilir District consists of several carried out using Sweep net and hand ecosystems, namely the ecosystems of picking (Seino et al., 2013). Grasshoppers that have been identified are then released also carried out with a camera. Species again (Parches et al., 2010). In addition to identification of grasshoppers obtained was catching grasshoppers with Sweep net and carried out by matching the image of hand picking, photos of grasshoppers were grasshoppers that had been identified. 3. Results and Discussion Based on the research that has been done, it is obtained the species results of grasshopper in the plantation and rice field ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub- district, Ogan Komering Ilir District, namely: Table 1. Species of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the plantation and rice fields ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir District Family Genus Species Acrididae Gesonula Gesonula mundata Oxya Oxya Hyla Phlaeoba Phlaeoba fumosa Valanga Valanga nigricornis Xenocatantops Xenocatantops humilis Xenocatantops sp. Species of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: most commonly found in rice field Acrididae) found in the plantation and rice ecosystems that have a lot of shrub, grass field ecosystems of Serdang Menang and shrub vegetation. Species of Gesonula Village numbered 6 species (Gesonula mundata, Oxya Hyla, Xenocatantops mundata, Oxya Hyla, Phlaeoba fumosa, humilis can be easily found in the Valanga nigricornis, Xenocatantops ecosystems of this rice field ecosystems. humilis, and Xenocatantops sp.) Consisting Species of Xenocatantops sp. found in of 5 genera (Gesonula, Oxya, Phlaeoba, plantation ecosystems and not found in the Valanga, and Xenocatantops). rice field ecosystems. Grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acredidae) are a b c d e f Figure 1. a. Gesonula mundata, b. Oxya Hyla, c. Phlaeoba fumosa, d. Valanga nigricornis, e. Xenocatantops humilis, f. Xenocatantops sp. According to Almeida and Camara family of Acrididae is a pest on agricultural (2008), type of vegetation in an ecosystems crops. This is also supported by Prakoso affects the species presence of grasshoppers (2017), grasshoppers from the family of in the ecosystems. This is supported by Acrididae act as herbivores in the Prakoso (2017), species of grasshoppers ecosystems. will be more in ecosystems that have a high High diversity of grasshopper in an diversity of flora. ecosystems can certainly assess the Eexcessive population of grasshoppers ecosystems is still preserved. According to (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the plantation Seino et al. (2013), grasshoppers have and rice field ecosystems, certainly sensitivity to disturbances that make them increases the potential for disturbances in potential bioindicators useful for land these ecosystems. According to Seino et al. management. (2013), short horned grasshoppers from the Table 2. Species of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Gryllidae, Pyrgomorphidae, Tettigoniidae) which are caught in the plantation and rice field ecosystems of Serdang Menang Village, Sirah Pulau Padang Sub-district, Ogan Komering Ilir District Family Genus Species Gryllidae Euscyrtus Euscyrtus concinus Pyrgomorphidae Atractomorpha Atractomorpha crenulata Atractomorpha sp. Tettigoniidae Hecacentrus Hecacentrus unicolor Hecacentrus sp. Species of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: than in plantation ecosystems. It is Gryllidae, Pyrgomorphidae, Tettigoniidae) estimated that the grasshopper species caught in the plantation and rice field (Orthoptera: Gryllidae, Pyrgomorphidae, ecosystems in Serdang Menang Village Tettigoniidae) in the plantation and rice consist of 5 species (Euscyrtus concinus, field ecosystems are far more numerous Atractomorpha crenulata, Atractomorpha than grasshoppers that were caught. Based sp., Hecacentrus unicolor, and Hecacentrus on research by Walter et al. (2004), the sp.) of a total of 3 genera (Euscyrtus, existence of an ecological area in the Atractomorpha, and Hecacentrus). Species agricultural area will increase of of grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Gryllidae, distribution area of grasshoppers in one Pyrgomorphidae, Tettigoniidae) are more region. commonly found in rice field ecosystems a b c e d Figure 2. a. Euscyrtus concinus, b. Atractomorpha crenulata, c. Atractomorpha sp., d. Hecacentrus unicolor, e. Hecacentrus sp. 5. Conclusion Agroekosistem (zea mays L.) dan Based on the research that has been Ekosistem Hutan Tanaman di done, it can be concluded that species of Kebun Raya Baturaden, grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) are Banyumas. Biosfera. 34(2): 80-88. found more in the rice field ecosystems than in the plantation ecosystems, this can Seino, R.A., Dongmo,T.I., Kekeunou, S., indicate that the rice field ecosystems have Chifon, R.N., and Manjeli, Y. An a greater threat of grasshoppers than the inventory of short horn plantation ecosystems. grasshoppers in the Menoua Division, West Region of References Cameroon. Agriculture and Almeida, A.V and Camara, C.A.G. 2008. Biology Journal of North America. Distribution of Grasshoppers 4(3): 291-299. (Othoptera: Acridoidea) in The Tapacurá Ecological Station Walter, T., Hunziker, M., Peter, B., and (São Lourenço da Mata, PE / Ward, P. 2004. Threatened Brazil). Braz. J. Biol. 68(1): 21- Grasshopper Species Profit from 24. Ecological Compensation Areas. Grassland Science in Europe. Borror, D.J., Triplehor, N., and Johnson, 9(1): 234-236. N.F. 2005. Study of Insect.Ed-7. Amerika: Thomson Brook/Cole. in. Prakoso, B. 2017. Biodiversitas Belalang (Acrididae: ordo Orthoptera) pada Agroekosistem (zea mays L.) dan Ekosistem Hutan Tanaman di Kebun Raya Baturaden, Banyumas. Biosfera. 34(2): 80-88. Pascher, K., Dietmar, M., Leopold, S., Helmut, H., Norbert, S., Stefen, D., Andreas, T., and Thomas, F. 2010. Field Guide for a Biodiversity Inventory in The Agrarian Region. Jerman: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. Prakoso, B. 2017. Biodiversitas Belalang (Acrididae: ordo Orthoptera) pada .
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