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Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends Over Pan-Arctic Tundra
Remote Sens. 2013, 5, 4229-4254; doi:10.3390/rs5094229 OPEN ACCESS Remote Sensing ISSN 2072-4292 www.mdpi.com/journal/remotesensing Article Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends over Pan-Arctic Tundra Uma S. Bhatt 1,*, Donald A. Walker 2, Martha K. Raynolds 2, Peter A. Bieniek 1,3, Howard E. Epstein 4, Josefino C. Comiso 5, Jorge E. Pinzon 6, Compton J. Tucker 6 and Igor V. Polyakov 3 1 Geophysical Institute, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 903 Koyukuk Dr., Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Institute of Arctic Biology, Department of Biology and Wildlife, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, P.O. Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (D.A.W.); [email protected] (M.K.R.) 3 International Arctic Research Center, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, College of Natural Science and Mathematics, 930 Koyukuk Dr., Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, 291 McCormick Rd., Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 5 Cryospheric Sciences Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 614.1, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] 6 Biospheric Science Branch, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Code 614.1, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; E-Mails: [email protected] (J.E.P.); [email protected] (C.J.T.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-907-474-2662; Fax: +1-907-474-2473. -
201026 BOEM Oil Spill Occurrence North Slope Draftforfinal
OCS Study BOEM 2020-050 Oil Spill Occurrence Rates from Alaska North Slope Oil and Gas Exploration, Development, and Production US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Alaska Region OCS Study BOEM 2020-050 Oil Spill Occurrence Rates from Alaska North Slope Oil and Gas Exploration, Development, and Production October / 2020 Authors: Tim Robertson, Nuka Research and Planning Group, Lead Author Lynetta K. Campbell, Statistical Consulting Services, Lead Analyst Sierra Fletcher, Nuka Research and Planning Group, Editor Prepared under contract #140M0119F0003 by Nuka Research and Planning Group, LLC P.O. Box 175 Seldovia, AK 99663 10 Samoset Street Plymouth, Massachusetts 02360 US Department of the Interior Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Alaska Region DISCLAIMER Study concept, oversight, and funding were provided by the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), Environmental Studies Program, Washington, DC, under Contract Number 140M0119F0003. This report has been technically reviewed by BOEM, and it has been approved for publication. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the US Government, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. REPORT AVAILABILITY To download a PDF file of this report, go to the US Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management Data and Information Systems webpage (http://www.boem.gov/Environmental-Studies- EnvData/), click on the link for the Environmental Studies Program Information System (ESPIS), and search on 2020-050. The report is also available at the National Technical Reports Library at https://ntrl.ntis.gov/NTRL/. -
Spanning the Bering Strait
National Park service shared beringian heritage Program U.s. Department of the interior Spanning the Bering Strait 20 years of collaborative research s U b s i s t e N c e h UN t e r i N c h UK o t K a , r U s s i a i N t r o DU c t i o N cean Arctic O N O R T H E L A Chu a e S T kchi Se n R A LASKA a SIBERIA er U C h v u B R i k R S otk S a e i a P v I A en r e m in i n USA r y s M l u l g o a a S K S ew la c ard Peninsu r k t e e r Riv n a n z uko i i Y e t R i v e r ering Sea la B u s n i CANADA n e P la u a ns k ni t Pe a ka N h las c A lf of Alaska m u a G K W E 0 250 500 Pacific Ocean miles S USA The Shared Beringian Heritage Program has been fortunate enough to have had a sustained source of funds to support 3 community based projects and research since its creation in 1991. Presidents George H.W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev expanded their cooperation in the field of environmental protection and the study of global change to create the Shared Beringian Heritage Program. -
Arctic Report Card 2018 Effects of Persistent Arctic Warming Continue to Mount
Arctic Report Card 2018 Effects of persistent Arctic warming continue to mount 2018 Headlines 2018 Headlines Video Executive Summary Effects of persistent Arctic warming continue Contacts to mount Vital Signs Surface Air Temperature Continued warming of the Arctic atmosphere Terrestrial Snow Cover and ocean are driving broad change in the Greenland Ice Sheet environmental system in predicted and, also, Sea Ice unexpected ways. New emerging threats Sea Surface Temperature are taking form and highlighting the level of Arctic Ocean Primary uncertainty in the breadth of environmental Productivity change that is to come. Tundra Greenness Other Indicators River Discharge Highlights Lake Ice • Surface air temperatures in the Arctic continued to warm at twice the rate relative to the rest of the globe. Arc- Migratory Tundra Caribou tic air temperatures for the past five years (2014-18) have exceeded all previous records since 1900. and Wild Reindeer • In the terrestrial system, atmospheric warming continued to drive broad, long-term trends in declining Frostbites terrestrial snow cover, melting of theGreenland Ice Sheet and lake ice, increasing summertime Arcticriver discharge, and the expansion and greening of Arctic tundravegetation . Clarity and Clouds • Despite increase of vegetation available for grazing, herd populations of caribou and wild reindeer across the Harmful Algal Blooms in the Arctic tundra have declined by nearly 50% over the last two decades. Arctic • In 2018 Arcticsea ice remained younger, thinner, and covered less area than in the past. The 12 lowest extents in Microplastics in the Marine the satellite record have occurred in the last 12 years. Realms of the Arctic • Pan-Arctic observations suggest a long-term decline in coastal landfast sea ice since measurements began in the Landfast Sea Ice in a 1970s, affecting this important platform for hunting, traveling, and coastal protection for local communities. -
801—Arctic Energy
North Slope oil and gas - a short history Contents Oil and gas development brought statehood for Alaska, a large and consistent revenue stream for state and local gov- 3 North Slope oil and gas ernments, a $33 billion savings account for Alaskans to enjoy and indoor plumbing and schools for many rural resi- 4 Viscous oil dents, including those who live on the North Slope. 4 Most frequently asked questions Most of Alaska’s oil comes from the 24 producing fields on the North Slope, including Prudhoe Bay, one of the 5 Facts about Alaska largest oil fields in the world. North Slope production totals about 900,000 barrels of oil per day. While the huge Prudhoe Bay field is in gradual decline, North Slope oil fields 5 Economic impact still provide a significant amount of U.S. domestic produc- tion. 6 Who we are An 800-mile-long pipeline carries North Slope oil to tide- 7 Natural gas water where it is transferred to tankers for transport to downstream markets. 8-13 North Slope oil fields Oil was first discovered on the North Slope thousands of 14-17 Drilling technology years ago. Native Eskimos cut blocks of oil-soaked tundra from natural seeps to use as fuel. But the first real search 18-19 Oil production for oil didn’t begin until the late 1920s when hearty explor- ers traveled by dog team, foot and boat. 20-21 Getting oil to market, TAPS The first geologic surveys took place on Alaska’s North Slope in the late 1950s and early 1960s and in 1968, after 22-23 Double hull tankers nearly a dozen unsuccessful wells, or “dry holes,” a major discovery was made. -
Caribou Trails 2008
Tuttut tumai (Inupiaq) Caribou Trails bedzeyh tene (Koyukon Athabaskan) tuntut tumait (Yup’ik) Marci Johnson, NPS issue 9 Fall 2008 News from The Western Arctic Caribou Herd working group Your 2008-2009 Times are changing Caribou Working Group Caribou are facing change in many forms. Global warming brings with it increasing wildfires, Representatives: decreasing lichens, expanding shrubs, melting permafrost, and other unknowns. Industrial oil, gas and mineral development brings with it site construction, roads, pipelines, power lines, potential spills and contamination. The warming climate is also causing a retreat of sea ice, which will open the Arctic to Wainwright, Atqasuk an even greater expansion of resource exploration and development. These are all changes that may & Barrow potentially impact the Western Arctic Caribou Herd, and any change that affects caribou also affects Enoch Oktollik, Wainwright caribou hunters and all who value caribou. Point Hope & Point Lay protecting caribou Teddy Frankson, Pt. Hope for the future The mission of the Caribou Working Group Nuiqsut & Anaktuvuk The Caribou Working Group includes subsistence Isaac Kaigelak, Nuiqsut hunters living within the range of the Western Arctic “To work together to ensure Caribou Herd, other Alaskan hunters, reindeer herders, the long term conservation Noatak & Kivalina hunting guides, transporters, and conservationists. Raymond Hawley, Kivalina The group meets as a whole once or twice a year, with of the Western Arctic additional sub-committees meeting throughout the year Caribou Herd and the Kotzebue Attamuk Shiedt, Sr., Kotzebue as specific needs arise. ecosystem on which it At each general meeting biologists report on the current depends, and to maintain Lower Kobuk River health and population status of the herd, the condition traditional and other uses Raymond Stoney, Kiana of their range, and biological factors affecting the herd. -
Overview of Environmental and Hydrogeologic Conditions at Barrow, Alaska
Overview of Environmental and Hydrogeologic Conditions at Barrow, Alaska By Kathleen A. McCarthy U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Open-File Report 94-322 Prepared in cooperation with the FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Anchorage, Alaska 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Gordon P. Eaton, Director For additional information write to: Copies of this report may be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center 4230 University Drive, Suite 201 Open-File Reports Section Anchorage, AK 99508-4664 Box25286, MS 517 Federal Center Denver, CO 80225-0425 CONTENTS Abstract ................................................................. 1 Introduction............................................................... 1 Physical setting ............................................................ 2 Climate .............................................................. 2 Surficial geology....................................................... 4 Soils................................................................. 5 Vegetation and wildlife.................................................. 6 Environmental susceptibility.............................................. 7 Hydrology ................................................................ 8 Annual hydrologic cycle ................................................. 9 Winter........................................................... 9 Snowmelt period................................................... 9 Summer......................................................... -
A Changing Arctic: Ecological Consequences for Tundra, Streams and Lakes
A CHANGING ARCTIC: ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES FOR TUNDRA, STREAMS AND LAKES Edited by John E. Hobbie George W. Kling Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Climate and Hydrometeorology of the Toolik Lake Region and the Kuparuk River Basin: Past, Present, and Future Chapter 3. Glacial History and Long-Term Ecology of the Toolik Lake Region Chapter 4. Late-Quaternary Environmental and Ecological History of the Arctic Foothills, Northern Alaska Chapter 5. Terrestrial Ecosystems Chapter 6. Land-Water Interactions Research Chapter 7. Ecology of Streams of the Toolik Region Chapter 8. The Response of Arctic-LTER Lakes to Environmental Change Chapter 9. Mercury in the Alaskan Arctic Chapter 10. Ecological consequences of present and future change 1 <1>Chapter 1. Introduction John E. Hobbie <1>Description of the Arctic LTER site and project Toolik, the field site of the Arctic Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project, lies 170 km south of Prudhoe Bay in the foothills of Alaska’s North Slope near the Toolik Field Station (TFS) of the University of Alaska Fairbanks (Fig. 1.1).[INSERT FIGURE 1.1 HERE] The project goal is to describe the communities of organisms and their ecology, to measure changes that are occurring, and to predict the ecology of this region in the next century. Research at the Toolik Lake site began in the summer of 1975 when the completion of the gravel road alongside the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, now called the Dalton Highway, opened the road-less North Slope for research. This book synthesizes the research results from this site since 1975, as supported by various government agencies but mainly by the U.S. -
Counterclockwise Rotation of the Arctic Alaska Plate: Best Available Model Or Untenable Hypothesis for the Opening of the Amerasia Basin
Polarforschung 68: 247 - 255, 1998 (erschienen 2000) Counterclockwise Rotation of the Arctic Alaska Plate: Best Available Model or Untenable Hypothesis for the Opening of the Amerasia Basin By Ashton F. Ernbry' THEME 13: The Amerasian Basin and Margins: New Devel discussed by LAWVER & SCOTESE (1990) in a comprehensive opments and Results review of the subject. Summary: For the past thirty years the most widely aeeepted model for the As discussed by LAWVER & SCOTESE (1990), most of the mod opening of Amerasia Basin of the Aretie Oeean has been that the basin openecl els have little support and some are clearly negated by the cur by eountereloekwise rotation of northern Alaska and acljaeent Russia (Aretie Alaska plate) away frorn the Canadian Aretie Arehipelago about a pole in the rent geologieal and geophysical data bases from the Amerasia Maekenzie Delta region. Reeently LANE (1997) has ealled this modcl into ques Basin and its margins. At the time when the LAWVER & SCOTESE tion. Thus it is worth reviewing the main data and arguments for and against the (1990) review was published only the counterclockwise model model to determine if indeed it is untenable as claimed by Lane, 01' is still the seemed to provide a reasonable explanation of available best available model. paleornagnetic, paleogeographic and tectonic data from the The main evidenee in favour of the modcl includes the alignment of diverse margins and geophysical data from the basin (Grantz et al. 1979, geologieal lineaments ancl the eoineiclenee of Alaskan, Valanginian paleo HALGEDAHL & JARRARD 1987, EMBRY 1990, LAWVER et al. 1990). magnetie poles with the eratonie one following plate restoration employing the rotation model. -
North Slope Regional Food Security Workshop
North Slope Regional Food Security Workshop: How to Assess Food Security from an Inuit Perspective: Building a Conceptual Framework on How to Assess Food Security in the Alaskan Arctic November 2013. North Slope Regional Food Security Workshop Participants and Observers. Photo: Carolina Behe. 2013 On November 13th and 14th, 2013 Traditional Knowledge (TK) Experts came together to evaluate and validate preliminary findings of the Inuit Circumpolar Council – Alaska’s (ICC-AK) food security project, How to Assess Food Security from an Inuit Perspective: Building a Conceptual Framework on How to Assess Food Security in the Alaskan Arctic. The North Slope food security workshop is an important part of the overall project methodology, allowing for greater engagement of Arctic villages and a preliminary validation process. TK experts were identified by their respective Tribal Councils and peers, to validate and evaluate the information that was previously documented through expert interviews and offer further insight on drivers of food security and insecurity. The following report provides an overview of the workshop proceedings. This report reviews the information discussed during the North Slope Food Security workshop, as well as information gleaned from our other project activities to date. This report will be one component of several that will contribute to our final assessment tool and definition of Inuit food security and drivers of food in/security. This report should be cited as: Behe, Carolina. Inuit Circumpolar Council - Alaska. North Slope Regional Food Security Workshop: How to Assess Food Security from an Inuit Perspective: Building a Conceptual Framework on How to Assess Food Security in the Alaskan Arctic. -
Economics of Undiscovered Oil and Gas in the North Slope of Alaska: Economic Update and Synthesis
Economics of Undiscovered Oil and Gas in the North Slope of Alaska: Economic Update and Synthesis By Emil D. Attanasi and Philip A. Freeman Open-File Report 2009–1112 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2009 For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Suggested citation: Attanasi, E.D., and Freeman, P.A., 2009, Economics of undiscovered oil and gas in the North Slope of Alaska; Economic update and synthesis: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009–1112, 59 p., available only online. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted material contained within this report. Cover: Map showing the Alaska North Slope assessment study area, which consists of Federal, Native, and State lands in the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, the central North Slope, the National Petroleum Reserve in Alaska (NPRA), and the western North Slope (area west of the NPRA). See figure 1 in text. -
February 2018 Trends.Indd
FEBRUARY 2018 Volume 38 Number 2 ISSN 0160-3345 The NORTH SLOPE OIL PATCH Jobs in some of the na on’s largest oil fi elds PAGE 4 By NEAL FRIED BEST ESTIMATES SHOW ONGOING JOB LOSS Clearing up some poten ally confusing data PAGE 9 By DAN ROBINSON GAUGING ALASKA’s ECONOMY PAGE 14 To sign up for a free electronic subscrip on, read past issues online, or purchase a print subscrip on, visit labor.alaska.gov/trends. Contact the editor at (907) 465-6561 or [email protected]. ALASKA DEPARTMENT of LABOR Dan Robinson Sara Whitney Sam Dapcevich and WORKFORCE Chief, Research and Analysis Editor Cover Ar st DEVELOPMENT Bill Walker Governor ON THE COVER: BP’s Lisburne Produc on Center at Prudhoe Bay, photo courtesy of BP Alaska Heidi Drygas ON PAGE 4: Deadhorse, photo by Flickr user Dan Love Commissioner h ps://crea vecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode Alaska Economic Trends is a monthly publica on meant to objec vely inform the public about a variety of economic issues in the state. Trends is funded by the Employment and Training Services Division of the Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development and is published by the department’s Research and Analysis Sec on. Material in this publica on is public informa on, and with appropriate credit may be reproduced without permission. 2 FEBRUARY 2018 ALASKA ECONOMIC TRENDS Gas project will create thousands of jobs for Alaskans The oil and gas sector is the largest pri- training centers, career and technical vate economic driver in the state, and education providers, registered appren- this month’s edition of Trends examines ticeship programs, and the University of employment in North Slope oil fi elds.