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Source and Bedrock Distribution of Gold and Platinum-Group Metals in the Slate Creek Area, Northern.Chistochina Mining District, East-Central Alaska
Source and Bedrock Distribution of Gold and Platinum-Group Metals in the Slate Creek Area, Northern.Chistochina Mining District, East-Central Alaska By: Jeffrey Y. Foley and Cathy A. Summers Open-file report 14-90******************************************1990 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Manuel Lujan, Jr., Secretary BUREAU OF MINES T S Arv. Director TN 23 .U44 90-14 c.3 UNITED STATES BUREAU OF MINES -~ ~ . 4,~~~~1 JAMES BOYD MEMORIAL LIBRARY CONTENTS Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Acknowledgments 2 Location, access, and land status 2 History and production 4 Previous work 8 Geology 8 Regional and structural geologic setting 8 Rock units 8 Dacite stocks, dikes, and sills 8 Limestone 9 Argillite and sandstone 9 Differentiated igneous rocks north of the Slate Creek Fault Zone 10 Granitic rocks 16 Tertiary conglomerate 16 Geochemistry and metallurgy 18 Mineralogy 36 Discussion 44 Recommendations 45 References 47 ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Map of Slate Creek and surrounding area, in the northern Chistochina Mining District 3 2. Geologic map of the Slate Creek area, showing sample localities and cross section (in pocket) 3. North-dipping slaty argillite with lighter-colored sandstone intervals in lower Miller Gulch 10 4. North-dipping differentiated mafic and ultramafic sill capping ridge and overlying slaty argillite at upper Slate Creek 11 5. Dike swarm cutting Jurassic-Cretaceous turbidites in Miller Gulch 12 6 60-ft-wide diorite porphyry and syenodiorite porphyry dike at Miller Gulch 13 7. Map showing the locations of PGM-bearing mafic and ultramafic rocks and major faults in the east-central Alaska Range 14 8. Major oxides versus Thornton-Tuttle differentiation index 17 9. -
Mineral Processing
Mineral Processing Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy 1st English edition JAN DRZYMALA, C. Eng., Ph.D., D.Sc. Member of the Polish Mineral Processing Society Wroclaw University of Technology 2007 Translation: J. Drzymala, A. Swatek Reviewer: A. Luszczkiewicz Published as supplied by the author ©Copyright by Jan Drzymala, Wroclaw 2007 Computer typesetting: Danuta Szyszka Cover design: Danuta Szyszka Cover photo: Sebastian Bożek Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27 50-370 Wroclaw Any part of this publication can be used in any form by any means provided that the usage is acknowledged by the citation: Drzymala, J., Mineral Processing, Foundations of theory and practice of minerallurgy, Oficyna Wydawnicza PWr., 2007, www.ig.pwr.wroc.pl/minproc ISBN 978-83-7493-362-9 Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................9 Part I Introduction to mineral processing .....................................................................13 1. From the Big Bang to mineral processing................................................................14 1.1. The formation of matter ...................................................................................14 1.2. Elementary particles.........................................................................................16 1.3. Molecules .........................................................................................................18 1.4. Solids................................................................................................................19 -
Modern Mineralogy of Gold: Overview and New Data Minéralogie Moderne De L’Or : Bilan Et Nouvelles Données
ArcheoSciences Revue d'archéométrie 33 | 2009 Authentication and analysis of goldwork Modern mineralogy of gold: overview and new data Minéralogie moderne de l’or : bilan et nouvelles données Ernst Spiridonov and Denka Yanakieva Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/archeosciences/2034 DOI: 10.4000/archeosciences.2034 ISBN: 978-2-7535-1598-7 ISSN: 2104-3728 Publisher Presses universitaires de Rennes Printed version Date of publication: 31 December 2009 Number of pages: 67-73 ISBN: 978-2-7535-1181-1 ISSN: 1960-1360 Electronic reference Ernst Spiridonov and Denka Yanakieva, « Modern mineralogy of gold: overview and new data », ArcheoSciences [Online], 33 | 2009, Online since 09 December 2012, connection on 19 April 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/archeosciences/2034 ; DOI : 10.4000/archeosciences.2034 Article L.111-1 du Code de la propriété intellectuelle. Modern mineralogy of gold: overview and new data Minéralogie moderne de l’or : bilan et nouvelles données Ernst Spiridonov* and Denka Yanakieva** Abstract: We suppose that it should be useful for archaeologists to have an overview on gold mineralogy, because 1) in ancient times, part of the golden objects were made directly from natural golden nuggets; 2) most of the Au in ores exists as its own minerals. he major part of the Au in the planets and meteorites of our Solar system is found in high temperature solid solutions: metallic Fe-Ni and monosulides Fe-Ni and Fe-Cu. Au leaves them under luid or some other reworking. As a result, Au minerals are formed. hey are mainly developed in hydrothermal deposits of the upper part of Earth’s continental crust. -
Minerals of the Eudialyte Group from the Sagasen Larvikite Quarry, Porsgrunn, Norway
= Minerals of the eudialyte group from the Sagasen larvikite quarry, Porsgrunn, Norway Alf Olav Larsen, Arne Asheim and Robert A. Gault Introduction Eudialyte, aNa-rich zirconosilicate with varying amounts of Ca, Fe, Mn, REE, Nb, K, Y, Ti, CI and F, was first described from the llimaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland by Stromeyer (1819), Since then, the mineral has been described from many other alkaline deposits, and is a characteristic mineral in agpaitic nepheline syenites and their associated pegmatites. In recent years, eudialyte (sensa lata) has been the subject of extensive studies. The broad compositional variations and new insight into the crystal chemistry of the mineral group resulted in the definition of several new species by the Eudialyte Nomenclature Subcommittee under the Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names of the International Mineralogical Association (Johnsen et al. 2003b). Brown eudialyte (s. I.) is a common constituent of the agpaitic pegmatites in the Langesundsfjord district in the western part of the Larvik plutonic complex (Br0gger 1890). Recent chemical analyses of the mineral have shown that some localities contain ferrokentbrooksite (Johnsen et al. 2003a). Other localities hold eudialyte (sensa stricto). Ferrokentbrooksite is the ferrous-iron-dominant analogue of kentbrooksite with Fe as the predominant element replacing Mn. Kentbrooksite is the Mn-REE-Nb-F end member in a solid solution series between eudialyte (s. s.) and ferrokentbrooksite, with an extension to oneillite (Johnsen et al. 1998, Johnsen et al. 1999, Johnsen et al. 2003a), as well as to carbokentbrooksite and zirsilite-(Ce) (Khomyakov et al. 2003). Carbokentbrooksite has a significant content of carbonate and Na > REE for the N4 site, while zirsilite-(Ce) has REE > Na (with Ce predominant) for the N4 site. -
Predicting Berborite As Potential Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal from First Principles
Predicting Berborite as Potential Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal from First Principles Lei Kang,1,2 Pifu Gong,1 Zheshuai Lin,1* Bing Huang2† 1 Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2 Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China E-mails: [email protected] (Z.L.); [email protected] (B.H.) Following our ab initio nonlinear optical (NLO) materials design guidelines, in this Letter, we discovered a novel type of structure to realize potential deep-ultraviolet (DUV) NLO performance in the classical beryllium borate system. By densely stacking the NLO-active layered frameworks, the key design scheme for the structural evolution from the (Be2BO3F2)∞ layers in KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF) to the novel (Be2BO5H3)∞ layers in berborite is illustrated. Based on available experimental results and systematical theoretical evaluation from first principles, the NLO properties of berborite are further obtained as comparable as the only pratical DUV NLO crystal KBBF. It is demonstrated that berborite can achieve available DUV phase-matched output with strong NLO effect for the practically important 177.3 nm and 193.7 nm lasers. Once obtained with sizable single crystal, it can be applied as a promising DUV NLO crystal. Deep-ultraviolet (DUV, λ ≤ 200 nm) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals are important optoelectronic materials for providing scientists with powerful harmonic laser sources for industrial production (e.g., 193.7 nm lithography) and fundamental research (e.g., 177.3 nm photoelectron spectroscopy) [1-9]. However, DUV NLO crystals are rare because it is extremely challenging to achieve phase-matching (PM) condition in the DUV region [10-12]. -
General Index
CAL – CAL GENERAL INDEX CACOXENITE United States Prospect quarry (rhombs to 3 cm) 25:189– Not verified from pegmatites; most id as strunzite Arizona 190p 4:119, 4:121 Campbell shaft, Bisbee 24:428n Unanderra quarry 19:393c Australia California Willy Wally Gully (spherulitic) 19:401 Queensland Golden Rule mine, Tuolumne County 18:63 Queensland Mt. Isa mine 19:479 Stanislaus mine, Calaveras County 13:396h Mt. Isa mine (some scepter) 19:479 South Australia Colorado South Australia Moonta mines 19:(412) Cresson mine, Teller County (1 cm crystals; Beltana mine: smithsonite after 22:454p; Brazil some poss. melonite after) 16:234–236d,c white rhombs to 1 cm 22:452 Minas Gerais Cripple Creek, Teller County 13:395–396p,d, Wallaroo mines 19:413 Conselheiro Pena (id as acicular beraunite) 13:399 Tasmania 24:385n San Juan Mountains 10:358n Renison mine 19:384 Ireland Oregon Victoria Ft. Lismeenagh, Shenagolden, County Limer- Last Chance mine, Baker County 13:398n Flinders area 19:456 ick 20:396 Wisconsin Hunter River valley, north of Sydney (“glen- Spain Rib Mountain, Marathon County (5 mm laths donite,” poss. after ikaite) 19:368p,h Horcajo mines, Ciudad Real (rosettes; crystals in quartz) 12:95 Jindevick quarry, Warregul (oriented on cal- to 1 cm) 25:22p, 25:25 CALCIO-ANCYLITE-(Ce), -(Nd) cite) 19:199, 19:200p Kennon Head, Phillip Island 19:456 Sweden Canada Phelans Bluff, Phillip Island 19:456 Leveäniemi iron mine, Norrbotten 20:345p, Québec 20:346, 22:(48) Phillip Island 19:456 Mt. St-Hilaire (calcio-ancylite-(Ce)) 21:295– Austria United States -
MACROCRYSTALS of Pt–Fe ALLOY from the KONDYOR PGE PLACER DEPOSIT, KHABAROVSKIY KRAY, RUSSIA: TRACE-ELEMENT CONTENT, MINERAL INCLUSIONS and REACTION ASSEMBLAGES
601 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 42, pp. 601-617 (2004) MACROCRYSTALS OF Pt–Fe ALLOY FROM THE KONDYOR PGE PLACER DEPOSIT, KHABAROVSKIY KRAY, RUSSIA: TRACE-ELEMENT CONTENT, MINERAL INCLUSIONS AND REACTION ASSEMBLAGES GALINA G. SHCHEKA§ Far East Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, prospect 100-letya, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia BERND LEHMANN, EIKE GIERTH AND KARSTEN GÖMANN Institute of Mineralogy and Mineral Resources, Technical University of Clausthal, Adolph-Roemer-Strasse 2a, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany ALEX WALLIANOS Max-Planck Institute of Nuclear Physics, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69000 Heidelberg, Germany ABSTRACT Euhedral macrocrystals of Pt–Fe alloy from the Kondyor PGE placer, Khabarovskiy Kray, eastern Siberia, Russia, have a relatively constant composition of Pt2.4–2.6Fe, tin and antimony contents up to 0.3 wt.%, and an unusually low content of all PGE except Pt. The millimetric crystals contain inclusions of fluorapatite, titanite, phlogopite, magnetite, ilmenite and iron–copper sulfides. The macrocrystals have a complex gold-rich rim, with four groups of gold alloy: tetra-auricupride (the most abundant gold-bearing phase), Au–Ag (98–54 wt.% Au), Au–Ag–Cu–Pd and Au–Pd–Cu alloys. The inner part of the reaction rim hosts a variety of PGE minerals, such as stannides, antimonides and tellurobismuthides of Pd and Pt. Stannides occur as copper-bearing (taimyrite–tatyanaite series) and copper-free compounds (atokite–rustenburgite series). The main antimony mineral is Sn-bearing mertieite-II. Tellurobismuthides are represented by Te-rich sobolevskite and an intermediate member of the moncheite–insizwaite solid-solution series. The reaction rim also hosts several unknown phases, such as Pd7Bi3, Pd3Bi, Bi2O3•3H2O, and a phosphocarbonate of thorium. -
Native Gold in the Chudnoe Au-Pd-REE Deposit (Subpolar Urals, Russia): Composition, Minerals in Intergrowth and Genesis
minerals Article Native Gold in the Chudnoe Au-Pd-REE Deposit (Subpolar Urals, Russia): Composition, Minerals in Intergrowth and Genesis Galina Palyanova 1,2,* , Valery Murzin 3 , Andrey Borovikov 1, Nikolay Karmanov 1 and Sergei Kuznetsov 4 1 Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademika Koptyuga Pr., 3, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (N.K.) 2 Department of Geology and Geophysics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str., 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia 3 Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademika Vonsovskogo Str., 15, 620016 Ekaterinburg, Russia; [email protected] 4 Komi Science Center, Institute of Geology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pervomaiskaya Str., 54, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Composition of native gold and minerals in intergrowth of the Chudnoe Au-Pd-REE deposit (Subpolar Urals, Russia) was studied using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe analysis. Five varieties of native gold have been identified, based on the set of impurity elements and their quantities, and on intergrown minerals. Native gold in rhyolites from the Ludnaya ore zone is homogeneous and contains only Ag (fineness 720‰, type I). It is in intergrowth with fuchsite or allanite and mertieite-II. In rhyolites from the Slavnaya ore zone, native Citation: Palyanova, G.; Murzin, V.; gold is heterogeneous, has a higher fineness, different sets and contents of elements: Ag, Cu, 840– Borovikov, A.; Karmanov, N.; 860‰ (type II); Ag, Cu, Pd, 830–890‰ (III); Ag, Pd, Cu, Hg, 840–870‰ (IV). -
Alteration of Gold Nuggets Enriched with Platinum Group
Alteration of Gold Nuggets Enriched with Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) By: Sophie E. Sperring A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of an Engineering Honours (BE(Hons)) in Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering Degree Murdoch University, Western Australia School of Engineering and Information Technology December 2017 Word Count: 17, 260 1 | P a g e 2 | P a g e Abstract Understanding the mechanisms of incorporation, the form, and the solid-state solubility of Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) in gold nuggets at the nanoscale is critical to future works in gold (Au) nanoscale crystallography. Current works looking at similar samples include Mineral company research into extraction methods of similar samples and research in progress at the University of Western Austral using the alloy of the Au samples for medical purposes. The work completed by this this used Au nugget samples that were taken from Ruby Creek, British Columbia, Canada. The geology specific to the Au samples used is a sub type of the placer alluvial is: Atlin gold placers, which are known for hosting a variety of metals, specific to the Atlin region. Traditional thought for Au nuggets for monocrystalline structures. This steams from research completed by the minerals industry to extract the gold that lent into mineralogical studies. The gold rich rim consists of spherical particles that do not display the silver rich core parallel lamellae texture. The core structure is truncated where it meets the rim of the particle. No PGE particles within the sample area observed. As seen with previous studies the Au samples display a rim that is silver (Ag) enriched. -
Tetra-Auricupride Aucu C 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1
Tetra-auricupride AuCu c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Tetragonal. Point Group: 4/m 2/m 2/m. As irregular grains, to 600 µm, commonly striated. Physical Properties: Tenacity: Malleable. Hardness = 1.6 VHN = 294 (20 g load). D(meas.) = n.d. D(calc.) = 14.67 Optical Properties: Opaque. Color: Golden yellow; copper-red with a yellow tint in reflected light. Luster: Metallic. Anisotropism: Weak, with colors from gray to light gray. R: (405) 44.6, (436) 46.8, (480) 50.3, (526) 55.8, (546) 61.2, (578) 74.4, (589) 76.6, (622) 83.6, (644) 84.9, (656) 85.4, (664) 86.6, (700) 91.3 Cell Data: Space Group: C4/mmm. a = 3.98 3.89??Chem.Abs.?? c = 3.72 Z = 2 X-ray Powder Pattern: Sardala, China. 2.24 (10), 1.195 (10), 0.797 (9b), 0.877 (7b), 1.125 (6b), 0.832 (6), 1.99 (5) Chemistry: (1) (2) Au 75.18 75.61 Cu 23.74 24.39 Total 98.92 100.00 (1) Sardala, China; by electron microprobe, corresponding to Au1.01Cu0.99. (2) AuCu. Occurrence: In mafic to ultramafic rocks that also contain platinum group elements. Association: Pyrrhotite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, gold, silver, platinum group minerals, magnetite, chromite, tremolite, diopside, serpentine, chlorite, epidote, apatite, zircon. Distribution: From Sardala [Saar-Dala ??syn ck??in 2004 MFG - upper Qingshui River, Malas (Manas?, Marneshi) Co.], Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China [TL]. [??and attribute other statements if additional localiies are accepted] In the [better loc??] Noril’sk region, western Siberia, Russia. -
Greenland Mineral Deposit Descriptions
Annex 1: Greenland mineral deposit descriptions TABLE OF CONTENTS CHROMIUM ........................................................................................................................... 3 COPPER ................................................................................................................................. 5 GRAPHITE .............................................................................................................................. 8 IRON .................................................................................................................................... 10 NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM .................................................................................................. 13 PGE ..................................................................................................................................... 15 REES -WITH FOCUS ON ND/DY ........................................................................................... 18 TUNGSTEN ........................................................................................................................... 21 ZINC .................................................................................................................................... 23 CHROMIUM Greenland potential - Where in Greenland is chromium found and where is the potential 1. In Southwest Greenland about hundred kilometres south of Nuuk, the Fiskenæsset stratiform anorthosite complex occurs, with a combined strike length of 200 km. The complex stretches -
Shin-Skinner January 2018 Edition
Page 1 The Shin-Skinner News Vol 57, No 1; January 2018 Che-Hanna Rock & Mineral Club, Inc. P.O. Box 142, Sayre PA 18840-0142 PURPOSE: The club was organized in 1962 in Sayre, PA OFFICERS to assemble for the purpose of studying and collecting rock, President: Bob McGuire [email protected] mineral, fossil, and shell specimens, and to develop skills in Vice-Pres: Ted Rieth [email protected] the lapidary arts. We are members of the Eastern Acting Secretary: JoAnn McGuire [email protected] Federation of Mineralogical & Lapidary Societies (EFMLS) Treasurer & member chair: Trish Benish and the American Federation of Mineralogical Societies [email protected] (AFMS). Immed. Past Pres. Inga Wells [email protected] DUES are payable to the treasurer BY January 1st of each year. After that date membership will be terminated. Make BOARD meetings are held at 6PM on odd-numbered checks payable to Che-Hanna Rock & Mineral Club, Inc. as months unless special meetings are called by the follows: $12.00 for Family; $8.00 for Subscribing Patron; president. $8.00 for Individual and Junior members (under age 17) not BOARD MEMBERS: covered by a family membership. Bruce Benish, Jeff Benish, Mary Walter MEETINGS are held at the Sayre High School (on Lockhart APPOINTED Street) at 7:00 PM in the cafeteria, the 2nd Wednesday Programs: Ted Rieth [email protected] each month, except JUNE, JULY, AUGUST, and Publicity: Hazel Remaley 570-888-7544 DECEMBER. Those meetings and events (and any [email protected] changes) will be announced in this newsletter, with location Editor: David Dick and schedule, as well as on our website [email protected] chehannarocks.com.