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37697-025: Darkhan Wastewater Management Project

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37697-025: Darkhan Wastewater Management Project Updated Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 37697-025 June 2020 MON: Darkhan Waste Management Improvement Project Prepared by Ministry of Construction and Urban Development for the Asian Development Bank. {This is an updated version of the draft originally posted in August 2014 available on https://www.adb.org/projects/documents/darkhan-wastewater-management-project-iee.} MONGOLIA: Darkhan Wastewater Management Improvement Project Project Number: 37697-25 INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION First version: August 2014 Second version: June 2020 Prepared by Ministry of Construction and Urban Development of Mongolia for the Asian Development Bank 1/176 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 09 June 2020) Currency unit Mongolian Tugrik (MNT) MNT 1.00 = $ 0.00036 $ 1.00 = MNT 2,808.97 ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank AP - Affected Person BOD - Biological Oxygen Demand COD Chemical Oxygen Demand DUS JSC Darkhan Us Suvag Joint-Stock Company EA - Executing Agency EHSO - Environmental Health and Safety Officer EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMP - Environmental Management Plan ESS - Environmental and Social Specialist GHG - Greenhouse Gas GOM - Government of Mongolia GRM - Grievance Redress Mechanism HSMP - Health and Safety Management Plan IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IFAS - Integrated Fixed-film Activated Sludge IWRMP - Integrated Water Resource Management Plan LIC - Loan Implementation Environmental Consultant MCUD - Ministry of Construction and Urban Development MET - Ministry of Environment and Tourism MNS - Mongolian National Standard MoMo - Integrated Water Resources Management for Central Asia: Model Region Mongolia NGO - Non-Governmental Organization NO2 - Nitrogen Dioxide PCB - Polychlorinated Biphenyl PCU - Public Complaints Unit PE - Population Equivalent PM - Particulate Matter PMU - Project Management Unit PMUD Project Management Unit in Darkhan POP - Persistent Organic Pollutants PPE - Personal Protective Equipment PSC - Project Steering Committee RCAG - Research Center of Astronomy and Geophysics of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences SE - Supervising Engineer SO2 - Sulphur Dioxide SOx - Sulphur Oxides SPS - ADB Safeguard Policy Statement TA - Technical Assistance UNEP - United Nations Environment Program UNFCCC - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change WCS - World Conservation Society WFPF - Water Financing Partnership Facility WHO - World Health Organization WWF - World Wildlife Fund 2/176 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES °C - degree Celsius dB - decibel km - kilometer KWh - Kilowatt hour m - meter mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram NOTES In the report, "$" reters to US dollar. This initial environment examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the "terms of use" section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 3/176 CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ……………………………………………………………………….9 A. Introduction and purpose ................................................................................................................ 9 B. Industrial Wastes Survey .............................................................................................................. 10 C. Domestic Water Supply and Wastewater Generation ................................................................... 12 D. Project impact, outcome, and outputs ........................................................................................... 13 E. Environmental due diligence, anticipated impacts, mitigation measures ..................................... 14 F. Consultation, information disclosure, grievance redress mechanism (GRM) ............................... 16 G. Risks and assurances .................................................................................................................... 16 H. Structure of the Initial Environment Examination (IEE) report ................................................... 17 I. Conclusion...................................................................................................................................... 18 II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK …………………………..19 A. Mongolia's environmental policy ................................................................................................. 19 B. Environmental impact assessment requirements .......................................................................... 22 C. Environmental health and safety standards ................................................................................... 25 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ……………………………………………………………30 A. Justification and rationale ............................................................................................................. 30 B. An outdated wastewater treatment facility ................................................................................... 31 C. Sewer network, pumping stations in need of replacement ............................................................ 31 D. Low energy efficiency .................................................................................................................. 32 E. Increased pressure from urban development ................................................................................. 32 F. Increased industrial wastewater ..................................................................................................... 32 G. Kharaa River pollution control ..................................................................................................... 33 H. Fit with Mongolian policy ............................................................................................................ 33 I. Fit with ADB country partnership strategy .................................................................................... 33 J. Project impact, outcome, and outputs ............................................................................................ 34 K. The project area of influence, project implementation schedule .................................................. 45 L. Project area of influence................................................................................................................ 46 M. Implementation schedule ............................................................................................................. 48 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE) …………………………………...51 A. Urban form, socio-economic conditions ....................................................................................... 51 B. Physical conditions within the study area ..................................................................................... 54 C. Ecological resources within the project area................................................................................. 66 D. Small mammals nearby the wastewater treatment plant ............................................................... 68 V. ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ……………………………………………………………..73 A. No action alternative ..................................................................................................................... 73 B. Location alternatives ..................................................................................................................... 73 C. Design and technology alternatives .............................................................................................. 73 D. WWTP technology alternatives .................................................................................................... 76 E. Wastewater disinfection ................................................................................................................ 80 F. Obtaining representative analysis .................................................................................................. 80 G. Environmental impact screening .................................................................................................. 81 H. Positive impact and environmental benefits ................................................................................. 85 I. Impacts associated with project location, planning and design ...................................................... 86 J. Environmental impact and mitigation measures during construction ............................................ 87 K. Environmental impact and mitigation measures during operation ............................................... 94 L. Issues for the operation of the WWTP .......................................................................................... 97 4/176 VI. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS ………………….99 A. Information disclosure and consultation during project preparation ............................................ 99 B. Future information disclosure ..................................................................................................... 104 VII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM …………………………………………………...105 A. Grievance redress mechanism objective ..................................................................................... 105 B. Proposed grievance redress system ............................................................................................
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