Appendixl the Kashubian Syllable: Experimental Evidence
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Dawna I Współczesna Literatura Kaszubska Główni Twórcy I Ich Dokonania DOI: 0.12775/LC.2019.020
Adela Kuik-Kalinowska* Dawna i współczesna literatura kaszubska Główni twórcy i ich dokonania DOI: http://dx.doi.org/1 0.12775/LC.2019.020 Streszczenie: Literatura kaszubskojęzyczna to fenomen o szerokim spektrum i trudny do opi- su przez fakt, iż dotyczy względnie małej grupy etnicznej zamieszkującej dzisiejsze tereny Polski i Niemiec. Notowani w historycznych źródłach od wczesnego średniowiecza Kaszubi dopiero od połowy XIX wieku za sprawą Floriana Ceynowy pozostawiali po sobie literaturę, która od tego mo- mentu rozwijać się będzie w mniej lub bardziej zaznaczanej idei samodzielności i samowystarczalno- ści kulturowej. Szkic interpretacyjny ma na celu chronologiczne przedstawienie rozwoju literatury kaszubskiej od jej początków powstania po czasy współczesne. Tego typu obraz piśmiennictwa ka- szubskiego pozwala ukazać tworzące się na przestrzeni wieków pokolenia i grupy literackie, przed- stawić tendencje tematyczno-artystyczne, jakim podlegała twórczość kaszubska, a także wyłonić jej 65 aspekty nowatorskie odcinające się od tradycji tej kultury. Przegląd piśmiennictwa kaszubskiego pozwoli także ukazać przemiany społeczno-kulturowe, jakim podlegała literatura kaszubska, a także ujawnić wpływy innych kultur, od których była zależna, oraz zaprezentować kierunki jej rozwoju, dzięki którym uzyskała swą autonomię. Tego typu ujęcie służy ukazaniu problemów jej istnienia, wskazaniu podstawowych kierunków, w jakich była i wciąż jest realizowana. 2(30) 2019 Słowa-kluczowe: literatura kaszubska, język kaszubski, poezja kaszubska, proza kaszubska, drama- turgia kaszubska * Dr hab., prof. Akademii Pomorskiej w Słupsku, badaczka literatury XIX i XX wieku w Instytucie Polonistyki, w Zakładzie Antropologii Kultury i Badań Kaszubsko-Pomorskich; poetka. E-mail: [email protected] | ORCID: 0000-0001-7721-6764. LITTERARIA COPERNICANA ISSNp 1899-315X 65–83 ss. Former and Contemporary Kashubian Literature. -
Review Article
Studies in the Linguistic Sciences Volume 29, Number 2 (Fall 1999) REVIEW ARTICLE Christina Y. Bethin. Slavic Prosody: Language Change and Phonological Theory. (Cambridge Studies in Linguistics, 86.) New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp. xvi + 349. Price: $69.95. ISBN 0521591481. Frank Y. Gladney University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [email protected] Professor Bethin' s ambitious and challenging book has a chapter titled 'The syl- lable in Slavic: form and function' (12-111), one titled 'Beyond the syllable: prominence relations' (112-87), and a miscellany titled 'Theoretical considera- tions' (188-265). They are preceded by a preface and introduction (xii-11) and followed by end notes (266-301) and an imposing list of references (302-46). The Slavic of her title includes Proto-Slavic (up to the middle of our first millennium), Common Slavic (6th-8th centuries), and Late Common Slavic (9th- 12th centu- ries). Chapter 1 is concerned with the development of diphthongal syllable rhymes. Displaying an encyclopedic knowledge of the Slavistic literature, Bethin reviews the history of how oral, nasal, and liquid diphthongs were monoph- thongized, recasting it in the framework of autosegmental phonology. These syl- lable rhymes, she argues, were shaped by the interplay of various constraints on syllable structure. 'Proto-Slavic had a front/back, a high/nonhigh, and a long/short opposition in vowels', quite traditionally begins the section titled 'Monophthongization' (39). These features defined a square system with four vowels: [+high, -back] i, [+high, +back] u, [-high, -back] e, and [-high, +back] o. Bethin and many other Slavists use the more familiar symbols e, o, and a for the nonhigh vowels, but I find e and a useful as a reminder that Proto-Slavic fused PIE *o and *a into a sin- gle nonhigh back vowel and so converted the inherited triangular system with three degrees of opening to a square system with two. -
Commrrree SUBORDINATE LEGISLATION
CB No. 191 COMMrrrEE ON SUBORDINATE LEGISLATION FIFTH REPORT (THIRD LOK SABRA) (Presented on the 28th April, I966) PAIL'AMt"f 11f!~ARt a..ttr.l lJe" •• 'h",,:ttt ............... - -- LOJ( SABRA SECRETARIAT NEW DELHI ApNlIIHI8 V __lui, 1888(Sab) ~ ~ Price :1' 35 Paiae CONTENTS PARA Nos. PAGE Nos. CoMPOSITION OF nIB COMMITTEI! (iii) RBPoRT I. Introduction 1-3 II. Formula for laying of Delegated Legialation before the Houses of Parliament-Bills under Article 3S7(1) (a) of the Constitution 1-3 tIl. The Central Secretariat Service Assistanu' Grade (Competitive Examination) Regulations. 196s (G.S.R. IISI of 196s) 7-11 3-4 IV. The Petroleum Products (Supply & Distribution) Order, 196s (G.S.R. B30 of 196s) I2-IS 4-S V. The Income-tax Appellate Tribunal Members (1W:ruitment - IJId Condition, of Service) Rulel. 1963 eG.S.a. 126S of 1963) 16-19 S-7 VI. Bye-laws for reguladng the construction of pavements and culverts within the limiu of Ajmer Cantonment (S.R.O. 130 of 1963) 20---31 7-B VII. The Delhi and Himachal Pradesh Civil Service (Probation. Training and Depanmental Examination) RtgulatioJU 1964 (G.S.R. 1034 of 1964) . • • • • aa-24 B-9 'VIII. Defects in 'Ordel!l' as-zB 9-10 .lX. Reo\Qlmel1(Lation of the Col11Illittee (wu panI8 41-45 of Third Repon) Rule 70 of the Conduct of E1ecnons Rules, 1961 2.9-33 10-13 X. Delay in Jaymg of 'Orden' on rhe Table of the House 34 1a-I3 -XI. Action taken by Government on recomm.:ndadonaof Com- mittee on Subordiaate Legililanon (Third Lok Sabha) 3S 13 .sUMMARY 0. -
Scando-Slavica
This article was downloaded by: [Henning Andersen] On: 12 June 2014, At: 14:22 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Scando-Slavica Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ssla20 Early Vowel Contraction in Slavic: 1. i-Verbs. 2. The Imperfect. 3. The vòlja/súša Nouns Henning Andersena a UCLA - Slavic Languages, University of California, Los Angeles CA 90095-1502, U.S.A. Published online: 23 May 2014. To cite this article: Henning Andersen (2014) Early Vowel Contraction in Slavic: 1. i- Verbs. 2. The Imperfect. 3. The vòlja/súša Nouns, Scando-Slavica, 60:1, 54-107, DOI: 10.1080/00806765.2014.910002 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00806765.2014.910002 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Taylor & Francis makes every effort to ensure the accuracy of all the information (the “Content”) contained in the publications on our platform. However, Taylor & Francis, our agents, and our licensors make no representations or warranties whatsoever as to the accuracy, completeness, or suitability for any purpose of the Content. Any opinions and views expressed in this publication are the opinions and views of the authors, and are not the views of or endorsed by Taylor & Francis. The accuracy of the Content should not be relied upon and should be independently verified with primary sources of information. Taylor and Francis shall not be liable for any losses, actions, claims, proceedings, demands, costs, expenses, damages, and other liabilities whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with, in relation to or arising out of the use of the Content. -
Writing System in Ukrainian
Some properties of the Ukrainian writing system Solomija Buk1, Lviv Ján Mačutek2, Bratislava Andrij Rovenchak3, Lviv Abstract. We investigate the grapheme–phoneme relation in Ukrainian and some properties of the Ukrainian version of the Cyrillic alphabet. Keywords: Ukrainian, phoneme-grapheme relation, script analysis. 1. Introductory remarks Ukrainian is an East Slavic language spoken by about 40 million people in Ukraine and Ukrainian communities in neighboring states (Belarus, Moldova, Poland, Slovakia, Russia — especially in the so-called Zelenyj Klyn ‘Green wedge’ in the Far East Siberia from the Amur and Ussuri rivers eastwards to the Pacific), also in Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, USA, and some others. The features typical for modern Ukrainian are found already in the texts from 11th- 12th cent. AD, they have been appearing systematically since 14th-15th cent. (Rusanivsjkyj 2004). Ukrainian uses the Cyrillic script. The Cyrillic alphabet, also known as azbuka (from old names of its first two letters ( ) and ( )), has been traditionally used to write East and South Slavic languages (with the exception of modern Croatian and Slovenian), and also Romanian until 1860 (Jensen 1969: 491). As a result of political decisions it spread over a much larger area covering most (but not all) of languages in the former USSR, many of them using Latin or Arabic script before (cf. Comrie 1996b for a more detailed historical overview). Obviously, being applied in so different languages like Russian, Abkhaz, Tatar, Tajik or Chukchi (to give just a few examples) it had to represent much more phonemes than those occurring in Slavic languages, hence there are/were many language specific modifications of the alphabet (modified particular letters, diacritic marks or completely new letters, cf. -
Papers in Phonology & Phonetics
Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung ZAS Papers in Linguistics Volume 32 December 2003 Edited by T. A. Hall Silke Hamann ISSN 1435-9588 The ZAS Papers in Linguistics was originally published by the Forschungsschwerpunkt Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Typologie und Universalienforschung (FAS, Research Center for General Linguistics, Typology and Universals). The Center is now known as Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Typologie und Universalienforschung (ZAS) under the auspices of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (The German Research Foundation) and the Land of Berlin. The Center currently has research projects in syntax, semantics, morphology, phonology, phonetics as well as language change and language acquisition. ZAS provides a forum for the exchange of ideas in the academic community of the Berlin area through lectures, seminars, workshops and conferences. The Center cooperates with other universities in Germany, and sponsors visits by scholars from Europe and America. Director: Manfred Krifka For further information on the Center, please write to: Manfred Krifka, Director ZAS Jägerstr. 10/11 D-10117 Berlin Germany Telephone: +49 30 20 19 24 01 Fax: +49 30 20 19 24 02 E-mail: [email protected] ZAS Papers in Linguistics is intended to reflect the on-going work at the Center. It publishes papers by its staff members and visiting scholars. The publication is available on an exchange basis. For further information, please write to: The editors ZAS Papers in Linguistics Jägerstr. 10/11 D-10117 Berlin Germany Telephone: +49 30 20 19 24 04 Fax: +49 30 20 19 24 02 E-mail: [email protected] Papers in Phonology & Phonetics ZAS Papers in Linguistics 32 , 2003 edited by T. -
The Effects of Stigmatization, Group Sentiment and Standardization Movements on the Future of the Kashubian Language
Prospects for an Endangered Language: The Effects of Stigmatization, Group Sentiment and Standardization Movements on the Future of the Kashubian Language Patricia S. Vandel A Senior Essay in Linguistics Presented on May 6, 2004 Yale University New Haven, CT BA, Linguistics Berkeley College Advisor: Darya Kavitskaya Department ofLinguistics TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 3 1.1 Overview ofthe Kashubian Language .4 1.2 Influence ofPolitical Climate on the Study ofKashubian 5 1.3 Linguistic History ofKashubia 6 1.4 Literature 7 1.5 Press and Media 8 1.6 Religion 9 1.7 Education 9 2.0 Use ofthe Kashubian Language 11 2.1 Language versus Dialect ~ .11 2.2 Dialectal Variation within Kashubia 12 2.3 Differences between Kashubian and Polish 13 2.3.1 Phonological Differences 13 2.3.2 Lexical Differences 15 2.3.3 Register Differences 16 2.3.4 Prestige Differences 17 2.4 Cultural Differences 17 2.5 Diglossia 18 3.0 Group Sentiment Among the Kashubs 21 3.1 Ethnicity '" 21 3.1.1 Language as a Symbol ofEthnicity 23 3.1.2 Kashubian Ethnic Identity 24 3.2 Nationalism ; 25 3.2.1 Language and Nationalism 27 3.2.2 Kashubian National Identity and the Post-Communist Transformation 28 4.0 Language Standardization 32 4.1 Adopting a Standard Language 34 4.2 Kashubian Efforts at Standardization 36 4.3 Problems Associated with Standardization 38 5.0 The Future ofKashubian 40 5.1 Efforts to Sustain Language Awareness ; 40 5.2 Language Shift 41 5.3 Why Are Speakers Abandoning the Kashubian Language? 45 6.0 Conclusion •................................................................................ -
Kobiety Piszą Po Kaszubsku – Autorki I Tematy
2017 SLAVIA OCCIDENTALIS 74/2 Doi 10.14746/so.2017.74.26 iSSN 0081-0002 ADELA KUIK-KALINOWSka Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku Wydział Filologiczno-Historyczny Kobiety PiSzą Po KASzubSKu – AUTORKI I TEMATY. SZKIC INTERPRETACYJNY Nadchodzi czas kobiet W ostatnich dziesięcioleciach, kiedy badania filologiczne i literaturoznawcze odznacza- ją się dużą ekspansją w określaniu, definiowaniu oraz analizowaniu literatury kaszubskiej1, niewielka część zarówno szczegółowych, jak też syntetyzujących prac, poświęcona jest literaturze kaszubskiej pisanej piórem kobiet, szczególnie zaś w zakresie twórczości po- etyckiej (o twórczości prozatorskiej i dramaturgicznej Anny Łajming powstało kilka roz- praw i zbiorów o charakterze monografii2). Dzieje się tak z kilku zasadniczych powodów. Po pierwsze literatura kaszubska od jej zaczątków (druga połowa XiX wieku) poprzez 1 Należy w tym miejscu przywołać prace badawcze poświęcone literaturze kaszubskiej i jej rozwojowi, zarówno w perspektywie zjawisk zachodzących w jej obrębie w porządku diachronicznym, jak też synchronicz- nym, powstałe na przestrzeni XX i XXi wieku: W. Pniewski, Przegląd literatury kaszubskiej, „Rocznik Gdań- ski” 1928–1929, t. 2–3; A. bukowski, Regionalizm kaszubski. Ruch naukowy, literacki i kulturalny. Zarys mo- nografii historycznej, Poznań 1950; J. Drzeżdżon, Piętno Smętka. Z problemów kaszubskiej literatury regionalnej lat 1920–1939, Gdańsk 1973; J. Samp, Droga na sabat, Gdańsk 1981; F. Neureiter, Historia literatury kaszub- skiej. Próba zarysu, przeł. M. boduszyńska-borowikowa, Gdańsk 1982; J. Samp, Smętek. Studium kreacji lite- rackich, Gdańsk 1984; J. Drzeżdżon, Współczesna literatura kaszubska 1945–1980, Warszawa 1986; z. Szultka, Język polski w Kościele ewangelicko-augsburskim na Pomorzu Zachodnim od XVI do XIX wieku, Wrocław 1991; t. Linkner, Heroiczna biografia Remusa. W zwierciadle mitu i kaszubskich wierzeń, Gdańsk 1996; Pomo- rze – mała ojczyzna Kaszubów (Historia i współczesność) / Kaschubisch – Pommersche Heimat (Geschichte und Gegenwart), red. -
UC San Diego UC San Diego Previously Published Works
UC San Diego UC San Diego Previously Published Works Title Assimilation, antigemination, and contingent optionality: the phonology of monoconsonantal proclitics in Polish Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4vz9s7rb Journal Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 28(3) ISSN 1573-0859 Authors Pająk, Bożena Baković, Eric Publication Date 2010-08-01 DOI 10.1007/s11049-010-9099-8 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Nat Lang Linguist Theory (2010) 28: 643–680 DOI 10.1007/s11049-010-9099-8 Assimilation, antigemination, and contingent optionality: the phonology of monoconsonantal proclitics in Polish Bo˙zena Pajak ˛ · Eric Bakovic´ Received: 1 June 2008 / Accepted: 25 June 2009 / Published online: 14 August 2010 © The Author(s) 2010. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Bakovic(´ 2005) analyzes the avoidance of ‘sufficiently similar’ adja- cent consonants as the interaction of independent antigemination and assimilation processes. We present evidence from the phonology of monoconsonantal proclitics in Polish in support of the primary consequence of this analysis, that any conditions on antigemination or assimilation will also be conditions on ‘sufficient similarity’ avoidance. These conditions concern the segmental contexts in which geminates are disallowed in Polish and the variability of one of the assimilation processes involved. The analysis is further corroborated by the coincidence of two changes in progress: as the rate of variable assimilation has gone down, so has the rate of ‘sufficient simi- larity’ avoidance. Keywords Antigemination · Epenthesis · Assimilation · Variation · Change · Polish 1 Introduction In this article we present novel evidence from Polish in support of the analysis of ‘sufficiently similar’ adjacent consonant avoidance developed by Bakovic(´ 2005). -
47737.Pdf (4.360Mb)
--·C_1- )----C- ORGANIZACION SANITARIA PANAMERICANA PAN AMERICAN SANITARY ORGANIZATION Lima, Perd CE8.L-7 October 39 1949 EIGHTH MEETING OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE LIMA, PERU October 3-59 1949 TOPIC III - PAN AMERICAN SANITARY BUREAU - STAFF REGULATIONS .AND RULES BACKGROUND The Executive Committee of the ran American Sanitary Organization, in its Seventh Reunion held in Washington, formu- lated the following resolution when considering the subject of staff regulations and-rules for the Pan American Sanitary Bureau: "To request the Director of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau to appoint a Special Committee to prepare a pre- liminary draft of rules based on those of the World Health Organization to be considered by the Executive Committee at its next m eting and submitted afterwards to the Directing Council for its approval." In accordance with the above resolution, on July 13, 1949, approval was requested and obtained from the appropriate govern- ments for the designation of the following persons to form the Special Committee which would prepare the draft of the Staff Rules and Regulations: Dr. Alfredo Arreaza Guzman - Venezuela Dr. Jose Zozaya - Mexico Dr. H. Van Zile Hyde - United States of America The Special Committee mentioned met in Washington towards the end of July, and after studying the staff regulations and __ _I_ - 2 - rules of the World Health Organization, prepared ±ts First report which is appended to this documnent. In accordance with the suggestions made in the First Report, the Director of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau communicated on various occasions with the Director of the World Health Organization, with the Secretary General of the Panamerican Union, and with the respective Officers of the United Nations, and after studying the points under discus sion, presented them to the Special Committee which met again in Lima, Peru, on October 1 and 2, 19.49 composed as follows: Dr. -
Functions of Kashubian Literature, Its Educational Potential and the Use of Electronic Media for Its Promotion
Ars Educandi 12/2015 ISSN 2083-0947 / ISSN (ONLINE) 2657-6058 DOI: 10.26881/ae.2015.12.01 Artur Jabłoński Pomeranian Academy in Słupsk Functions of Kashubian literature, its educational potential and the use of electronic media for its promotion Contemporary researchers define Kashubian literature through the criterion of its language (Kalinowski 2014a). The Kashubs’ first attempts at the creation of their liter- ature date to the second half of the 16th century.1 The alphabet, spelling, and linguis- tic grammar rules for the Kashubian language were developed by Florian Stanisław Ceynowa in the 1840s. For 170 years, Kashubian literature has been a tool used con- sciously and purposefully in the process of communication (Treder 2002: 102). The ba- sic function of literature written in the Kashubian language since its very beginnings until today seems to be the preservation of the identity of the Kashubs, who – owing to their bond, originating from their cultural heritage – are a separate ethic commu- nity (Drzeżdżon 2007). The ancient heritage preserved in the very language, customs, beliefs, and symbols, has been reflected in the works of native Kashubian writers. The identity and myth-creating function Kashubian literature, like other literary traditions, is to evoke joy, sadness, fear, de- sire etc. It is to entertain and educate, but above all, it is to help understand the world. It is to a significant degree identity-focused literature, referring to the self-awareness of its recipients. The Kashubian poetry, prose and drama have been introducing their readers to the world of values passed down from generation to generation since times immemorial. -
Adam Mickiewicz, Pón Tadeùsz, Skaszëbił
Adam Mickiewicz, Pón Tadeùsz, skaszëbił (tr anslated into Kashu bian by) Stanisław Janke, Wejherowo-Gda�sk : Title Muzeum Pi�miennictwa i Muzyki Kaszubsko-Pomorskiej w Wejherowie, 2010 , 431 pp. Author(s) Popowska-Taborska, Hanna Citation Acta Slavica Iaponica, 33, 98-99 Issue Date 2013 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/56929 Type bulletin (other) File Information ASI33_007.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Acta Slavica Iaponica pletely worked through. The book under review reports impressive research based on a clearly formulated approach. Summarizing the results of deep and systematic inves- tigations through a couple of decades and presenting aspects of this research for the first time, it represents an important landmark in the endeavor to present a full picture of Russian syntax. It will be a main source of inspiration for everybody working on Russian syntax, whether or not he or she shares the authors’ theoretical point of view and the approach applied. Jens Nørgård-Sørensen Adam Mickiewicz,� Pón Ta�eùs�, skaszëbił (��ansla�ed in�o Kas�bian by) S�anisław Janke, Weje�owo-Gdańsk: M�ze�m Piśmiennic�wa i M�zyki Kasz�bsko-Pomo�skiej w Weje�owie, ����, �3� ��. Long-lasting attempts to form a ashubian literary language have significantly gained momentum after ashubian acquired the status of a regional language in Po- land in 2005. Currently, the literary ashubian language is slowly replacing the greatly varied dialects, which are falling out of use among the young generation of ashubians. Despite the visible efforts of the ashubian intelligentsia to provide their language with all the characteristics of a literary language, it still remains at its inception.