DICTIONARY OF MARTYRS INDIA’S FREEDOM STRUGGLE (1857-1947) ii Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K) DICTIONARY OF MARTYRSMARTYRS INDIA’S FREEDOM STRUGGLE (1857-1947) Vol. 2 Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and Jammu & Kashmir (1857-1947) Part I (A-K)

General Editor Basudev Chatterji Chairman, ICHR

Executive Editor Ishrat Alam

Research Consultant Amit Kumar Gupta

Research and Editorial Team Ashfaque Ali Rajesh Kumar Md. Naushad Ali Kh. Premjit Singh

Published by INDIAN COUNCIL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH in association with MANAK PUBLICATIONS PVT. LTD iv Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Project of INDIAN COUNCIL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH and MINISTRY OF CULTURE, GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

First Edition 2013

Published by INDIAN COUNCIL OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH 35, FEROZESHAH ROAD, NEW DELHI - 110 001 in association with MANAK PUBLICATIONS PVT. LTD B-7, Saraswati Complex, Subhash Chowk, Laxmi Nagar, New Delhi 110092 INDIA Phone: 22453894, 22042529 Email: [email protected] [email protected] USA Office 8145 KOLB AVE, ALLEN PARK, M.I. 48101 USA Email: [email protected] All rights reserved

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ISBN 978-93-7831-338-7 (Part I) ISBN 978-93-7831-339-4 (Part II)

Laser Typeset by TABREZ ALI, Laxmi Nagar, New Delhi

Printed in India by Nice Printing Press, New Delhi FROM THE GENERAL EDITOR

I have great pleasure in placing before the reading public Part I [A to K] and Part II [L to Z] of Volume 2 of the Dictionary of Martyrs. The background of this Project, undertaken at the request of the Ministry of Culture, Government of India, as well as its scope, sources, methodology and format have been outlined in the General Editorís Note at the beginning of Part I of the Volume 1. Volume 2 brings up the data available on a vast region now known as Uttar Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and Jammu & Kashmir between 1857 and 1947 ñ the whole of the period of the Indian freedom struggle. Our Research Team has tried very hard to gather as many names as possible of those who died while participating in such movements, organizations and incidents as the Uprising of 1857, the tribal resistances, the Khilafat and Non-Cooperation movements, the Civil Disobedience movement, the Revolutionary movement, the Peasantsí and the Workersí movement, the Praja Mandal movement (for responsible government in the Princely States), the Individual Satyagraha, the ìQuit Indiaî movement, and the movements for the Indian Legion, the Indian Independence League and the Indian National Army. In its search for the hitherto unknown martyrs, our Research Team has come across a number of significant incidents like the Neemuchana Tragedy in Alwar, Bijolia Kisan Satyagraha in earstwhile Udaipur (Mewar) State, Charanpaduka Kisan Agitation in Chhatarpur, Madhya Pradesh, and other similar Kisan struggles against the high rates of land taxes and socially exploitative forced labour and other cesses in these regions. The entries include, where available, information regarding the date, year, place of birth, place of residence and occupation of the martyrs. For writing about them and to authenticate their martyrdom from the primary sources ( including archival documents, official and non-official), the Research Team (over and above its regular visits to the National Archives of India and Nehru Memorial Library and Museum, New Delhi) has undertaken various trips to different State Archives, such as the Uttar Pradesh State Archives, Lucknow and Allahabad; the Madhya Pradesh State Archives and the branch of the National Archives of India, Bhopal; the Rajasthan State Archives, Bikaner; and the Jammu and Kashmir State Archives, Jammu and Srinagar. At the same time, I also wish to express my thanks to vi Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

the staffs of these archives and libraries for offering their kind cooperation to our Research Team. While consulting archival sources in the Regional Archives at Allahabad, the Research Team came across thousands of files relating to the participants and proceedings of the 1857 Uprising that have not been explored or consulted on a larger scale, and are unfortunately getting moth-eaten. Also, it found from the Mutiny Papers on 1857 Uprising, available at the National Archives of India branch, Bhopal, that the people of the State actively joined the Uprising, contrary to the general belief, and despite their rulerís loyalty to the British. The team has also been able to refer to various valuable sources in the Madhya Pradesh State Archives (Bhopal), particularly contemporary newspapers, such as Akhbar-i Gwalior (specifically to the Uprising of 1857) and The Jayaji Pratap which have been rather inadequately used by historians. In the Rajasthan State Archives, Bikaner, apart from such scarcely consulted newspapers (Tarun Rajasthan, Naveen Rajasthan, Princely India, Sainik, Ganesh, etc.), our researchers also have managed to consult the Neemuchana police firing files containing a little over a hundred names of martyrs. (The secondary writings covering this incident, put the number at1500). Further, in the Jammu and Kashmir Archives our researchers have succeeded in consulting two important official reports, namely, Glancy Commission Report and MM Committee Report, apart from the Home Department files preserved there. It has been the endeavour of our Research Team to make the Dictionary as inclusive as possible and to cover telescopically the very widespread participation of almost all the segments of Indian society. Consequently, our search has perhaps managed to bring into focus the obscured, the undiscovered and the forgotten (especially from the lower stratas of societies) into the annals of Indiaís Freedom struggle. Of course, a work of this nature can never claim to be absolutely complete or final. We may find omissions which need to be taken note of, and a supplementary volume towards that end is part of the Project plan. Professor Amit Kumar Gupta and his team of researchers ñ Dr. Rajesh Kumar, Mr. Ashfaque Ali, Dr. Md. Naushad Ali, Dr. Khawairakpam Premjit Singh and Dr. Md. Shakeeb Athar ñ have put in enormous labours and done an admirable job in researching and preparing Part I and Part II of Volume 2 for the Press. My special thanks to them as also to Mr. Ashok Kumar and Mr. Jaipal Bhoj who prepared the digital material for the Press. I should like to thank Dr. Ishrat Alam, Member Secretary and Executive Editor, and Dr. S.M. Mishra, Coordinator for efficiently taking care of all the administrative aspects for facilitating the work of the Project. I am also indebted to Professor V.K. Vashistha for his undertaking as an Expert the onerous task of going through a lengthy typescript so meticulously, suggesting some improvements in it and also adding a few more names. I should also like to thank my historian colleagues who agreed to sit on the Advisory Committee (Professors Sabyasachi Bhattacharya, Mushirul Hasan, Arjun Dev, N. Rajendran, Subhas R. Chakraborty, Indu Banga, T.R. Ghoble, V. Raghottam, V. Ramakrishna, Swaraj Basu). Finally, thanks are due to the Secretary, Smt. Sangita Gairola, and the Joint Secretaries, Shri Sanjiv Mittal and Shri Promod Jain, as well as the Director, Shri Kanwar Sameer Lather in the Ministry of Culture, Government of India, for their consistently supportive role in this project.

Basudev Chatterji viii Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K) ABBREVIATIONS

Archival Records Abhud. : Abhyudaya (Hindi Weekly, Allahabad), NMM&L Abst. : Abstract Acc No. : Accession Number AG : Akhbar-e Gwalior (1858-59), MPSAB AISPC : All India Statesí Peopleís Conference b/o : Brother of Capt. : Captain Coll : Collection Cons : Consultations CRR : Crown Representative Records d/o daughter of DCP : Delhi Conspiracy Case, Trial No.6 of 1914, Proceedings/ Judgement, NAI Deptt. : Department distt. : district Div : Division DUA : Dehli Urdu Akhbar (1857), NAI F No/Nos : File Number/Numbers F/Poll ñ Proc. : Foreign Political ñ Crown Proceedings (Consultation) F/Poll (Sec Cons) : Foreign Political (Secret Consultation) x Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

FR : Fortnightly Report(s) GCR : Glancy Commission Report H/Deptt. : Home Department H/Judl. : Home Judicial HSAP : Haryana State Archives, Panchkula HT : The Hindustan Times (1946), NMM&L INA : Indian National Army J&KSA : Jammu & Kashmir State Archives, Jammu and Srinagar JDR : Jubbulpore [Jabalpur] Division Records JPP : Jiyaji Pratap Paper, MPSAB Jud : Judgment Judl : Judicial Lieut. : Lieutenant m/o : mother of Mil : Military MMCR : MM Committee Report, J&KSA MPSAB : Madhya Pradesh State Archives, Bhopal MSAB : Maharashtra State Archives, Bombay/Mumbai NAI : National Archives of India, New Delhi NAIB : National Archives of India, Bhopal NMM&L : Nehru Memorial Museum & Library, New Delhi NR : Naveen Rajasthan (Hindi Weekly), 1920-34, RSAB NWP : North-Western Provinces P.O. : Post Office P.S. : Police Station PA : Private Archives PCJ Paper : Phool Chand Jain Papers PP (Mutiny) : Parliamentary Papers (Mutiny) PP : Prajamandal Papers Princely India : Princely India (Weekly), 1926-27, RSAB Abbreviations xi

Proc. : Proceedings Pt : Part Ptp. : Pratap (Hindi Weekly), Kanpur Rajasthan : Rajasthan (Hindi Weekly), 1922-24, RSAB RAR : Rajputana Agency Records RSAB : Rajasthan State Archives, Bikaner Rvnu : Revenue s/o : Son of SA : Sadiq-ul Akhbar (1857), NAI Snk : The Sainik ñ (1922), RSAB Sr. : Serial Number Srs : Series teh : tehsil TH : The Hindu (1931), NMM&L TL : Tilism-i Lakhnau (1857), NAI TOI : The Times of India (1946), NMM&L TR : Tarun Rajasthan (Hindi Weekly), 1920-35, RSAB Tr. : Trial UPRAA : Uttar Pradesh Regional Archives, Allahabad UPSAL : Uttar Pradesh State Archives, Lucknow V. : Village Vol. : Volume w/o : Wife of

Secondary Sources 1857KAVRB : 1857 ki Kranti Aur Vidrohi Raja Bakhatwali by Bhagwanda Shrivastava 1857KSS : 1857 Ka Swatantrata Sangram by Seema Garg & Sajjan Poswal AC : Aatishe-i-Chinar: Ek Aapbiti by Sheikh Mohammad Abdulla AIR : Annals of Indian Rebellion by N.A. Chick xii Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

AMR : Agrarian Movement in Rajasthan, 1913-1947 by Pema Ram AS : Akhbar-ul Sandid by Najmul Ghani Balidan : Balidan by N.K. Nigam BB : Bastar Bhusan (History of Bastar) by Kedarnath Thakur BCA : Bharat Choro Andolan, 1942 ke Shaheed by Birendar Kumar BJA : Bikaner mein Jan Andolan by Chetna Mudgal BKAI : Bijoliya Kisan Andolan Ka Itihas by Shankar Sahai Saxena and Padmaja Sharma BKSSMBKY : Bhatat Ke Swatantrata Sangram Mein Bikaner Ka Yogdan by Daoodayal Acharya BMBSR : Bhagat Movement: Study of Cultural Transformations of The Bhils of Southern Rajasthan by Vijay Kumar Vashishtha. BSZWD : Bahadur Shah Zafar and the War of 1857 in Delhi by S. Mahdi Husain. BTTRB : Bhumkal: The Tribal Revolt in Bastar by H.L. Shukla. CDERS : Constitutional Development of Eastern Rajputana States by D.D. Gaur CKI : Chhattisgarh ka Itihas (1740-1947) by Bhagwan Singh Verma. DKAS : Dabra ke Amar Shaheed by Mathura Das Mathur DKKUJ : Dabra ki Kahani Usiki Jubani by Ramkrishnan Kalla DNB : Dictionary of National Biography, Vols.1-IV (ed.) by S.P. Sen EBIFF : Encyclopedic Biography of Indian Freedom Fighters by B.R. Verma & Unnikrishnan EISFF/EISF : Encyclopedia of Indiaís Struggle for Freedom by Jagdish Sharma. FMIM : Freedom Movement and Indian Muslims by Santimoy Roy FMM : Freedom Movement in Malwa by B.N. Luniya FSK : Freedom Struggle in Kashmir by FM Hasnain FSUP : Freedom Struggle in Uttar Pradesh, Vols. I-V (ed.) by S.A.A. Rizvi & M.L. Bhargava GSVR : Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Rachnawali (Sampadit) by Suresh Salil HBS : History of Bhopal State by Kamla Mittal Abbreviations xiii

HKSS : Hadoti Ka Swatantra Sangram (1857-1947) by Shanti Bhardawaj HMKJAMH : Hindustani Musalmanon ka Jang-i Azadi Mein Hissa by Syed Ibrahim Fikri HTPB : History of the People of Bastar by H.L. Shukla IR : Indian Revolutionaries (1757-1961), Vols.I-V by Shri Krishan Saral IVR : In the Valley of the River: Tribal Conflicts over Developments in the Narmada Valley by Amita Baviskar JABDR : Jang-e Azadi me Bundelkhand ki Deshee Riyasatein (1925-48) by Sudha Veisa Jain KFFF : Kashmiris Fight for Freedom (1819-1946) by Muhammad Yusuf Saraf L1857 : Lucknow in 1857 by Roshan Taqui LL1857 : Lessons and Legacy of 1857 (ed.) by Govind Das and others MOMI : Makers of Modern India (eds.) by Amit Kumar Gupta and others MPDGC : Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteer: Chhatarpur, M.P. Government, Bhopal MPDGI : Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteer: Indore, M.P. Government, Bhopal MPDGJ : Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteer: Jabalpur, M.P. Government, Bhopal MPDGN : Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteer: Nagpur, M.P. Government, Bhopal MPMAKLA Madhya Pradesh me Azadi ki Larayi aur Adivasi by Sudhir Saksena MPSGB : Madhya Pradesh District Gazetteer: Betul, M.P. Government, Bhopal MPSSZB : Madhya Pradesh in Swantantata Sangram, Zilla Betul: Congress Satavdi Samrola Samiti by Garuprasad Dubey MR : The Mutinies in Rajputana: Being a Personal Narrative of the Mutiny at Nusserabad with subsequent Residence at Jodhpur, and Journey Across the Desert into Sind by Iltudus Thomas Prichard NAKB : Nanabhai and Kali Bai by Utsava Lal Sharma xiv Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

NMIPS : National Movement in a Princely State by S.C. Mishra PSB : Pratap Singh Barhath by Shankar Sahai Saxena PSKSSMY : Pasi Samaj ka Swantantrata Sangram Mein Yogdan by Raj Kumar Pasi QIMIUP : Quit India Movement in UP by Rakesh Ranjan Bakshi QT : Qaisar-ut Twarikh by S. Kamaluddin Haider R1857 : Rethinking 1857 (ed.) by Sabyasachi Bhattacharya RAD : Revolutionary Activities in Delhi by Kisan Lal RAG : Rajputana Agency 1832-1858 by Vijay Kumar Vashishtha REFS : Rethinking 1857 (ed.) by Sabyasachi Bhattacharya RKSS : Rajasthan ka Swadhinta Sangram by Prakash Vyas RMSS : Rajasthan Mein Swatantrata Sangram by B.L. Pangariya ROBD : Report of the Bastar Dependency of the Raepore [Raipur] District ROH : The Role of Honour by Kalicharan Ghosh RORCG : Report on the Reorganization of the Central Government by R Tottenham ROTR : Raj of the Rani by Tapti Roy RSG : Rajasthan State Gazetteer by Rajasthan State Government RSSS : Rajasthan mein Swatantrta Sangram ke Senani by Sumnesh Joshi RTANI : Revolutionaries and their Activities in Northern India by Kaushalya Devi Dublish Simhabalokan : Simhabalokan, Khand 1-III by Yashpal SKAI : Shekhawati Kisan Andolan ka Itihas by Pema Ram SMG : Sagar Mal Gopa by Braj Mohan Vyas SPC : Statesí Peopleís Conference, New Series, No.7 1941 by Dwarka Nath Kachru SSG : Swatantarta Senani Granthmala Vol.I-X by Phoolchand Jain (ed.) by Mastram Kapoor SSKS : Swatantrata Sangram ke Sainik (Uttar Pradesh) (ed.) by Thakur Prasad Singh SSKS/GD : Swantrata Sangram ke Sainik: Garhwal Division by Thakur Prasad Singh Abbreviations xv

SSKS/KD : Swantrata Sangram ke Sainik: Kumaon Division by Thakur Prasad Singh Sujas : Sujas (Bi-annual Journal), June-July 1998, Government of Rajasthan, Jaipur TCIAI : Tribal Contemporary Issues: Appraisal and Intervention by Ramnika Gupta TCR : The Communist Review, September 1922, Vol.3 No.5 TFWI : The First War of Independence, Vols. I-III (ed.) by Pankaj Rag and Gita Subherwal TGIR : The Great Indian Revolt of 1857 by K.B. Srivastava TIM : The Indian Mutiny by M.P. Srivastava TLD : They Lived Dangerously: Reminiscences of A Revolutionary by Manmathnath Gupta TSDTMR : The Sound of Drums: Tribal Movement in Rajasthan, 1881-1947 by C.S.K. Singh WWDFF : Whoís Who of Delhi Freedom Fighters, Vol.I (ed.) by Prabha Chopra WWIM : Whoís Who of Indian Martyrs, Vols. 1-III (ed.) by P.N. Chopra Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 1

AA

Aan Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Abani Nath Mukherjee: Born on 3 June Division, the United Provinces (now 1891 in Jubbulpore (Jabalpur), Saugor Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the (Sagar) and Nerbudda (Narbada) 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Division, the Central Provinces and Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); to the Indian National Army in 1942 earned an engineering degree (textile and served it as Sepoy in the 3rd technology) from Calcutta (now Infantry Battalion; while fighting Kolkata); during college days he felt against the British forces in Burma inspired by revolutionary activities (Myanmar) he was killed on the against colonialism in India, as well battle ground at Aizon in 1944. [INA as abroad; completing his studies, he Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA left India and joined the network of (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.1] Indian revolutionaries residing abroad; took charge of raising funds Aarun: Belonged to Faizabad, the Oudh and collecting arms and ammunitions [Awadh] Province (now Uttar in Germany and Japan and supplying Pradesh); he was a Zamindar, took a these to the revolutionary comradesí leading part in the Uprising of 1857, resisting colonialism on the Indian incited many others in his village to soil. Mukherjee came back to India fight against the British and their in 1912 and continued his work by loyalists; he also provided financial joining a revolutionary organization support to the rebels, and led them in the United Provinces (now Uttar to attack the British establishments; Pradesh); commuting between India he was caught by the British and and Japan for promoting executed in June 1858. [Mutiny revolutionary activities, he was Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), arrested by the British in Singapore Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, while returning from Japan. He, p.19] however, managed to escape to Holland later and married Rosa 2 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Fitingof in 1920; thereafter he moved properties; he was caught by the to Berlin and established Indian British during their re-occupation of Independence Party in 1922 with the the area; put on trial on the charges help of comrades like Suren Kar, of ëplundering and rebellion against Bhupendra Nath Datta and the Britishí, he was sentenced to Muhammad Barkatullah; also secretly death in February 1859. [Mutiny visited Madras (now Chennai), Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), Calcutta and Dacca and lived in India NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] till 1924; retired from active revolutionary politics and went to the Abdool Luteef Khan: Hailed from USSR (now Russia), where he Gorruckpore [Gorakhpur], the engaged himself in literary works; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar died in exile on 28 October 1937. [WB Pradesh); he took part in the No 83 (Bose) (Sect) Deposit, Uprising of 1857 soon after its November 1916, NAI; HTU, p.77, 80; breaking out in the Gorakhpur TCR, Vol.3 No.5, 9/1922; WWIM, II, region; he fought against the British pp.204-205] and delivered anti-British speeches on many occasions; later, caught by Abbas Allee: Resident of Gorruckpore the British authorities and charged [Gorakhpur], the North-Western with ësedition and rebellion against Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); the Britishí, he was sentenced to participated in fighting the British in transportation for life in July 1858; the Gorakhpur region during 1857 died in detention. [Mutiny Records, Uprising, and also offered financial Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- support to the rebels of his region 59), UPSAL] for meeting their military expenses; caught by the British in the course of Abdool Ruhman: Born in Moradabad, an engagement, he was imprisoned the North-Western Provinces (now in 1858 on the charges of ëaiding and Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with abetting the rebellion against the the local rebels as soon as the 1857 Britishí; he lost his life in detention Uprising broke out in this region; he after a few years. [Mutiny Records, took part in attacking the British Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- officers and plundering their 59), UPSAL] properties; captured by the British army, he was imprisoned on the Abdool Lateef: Born in Boolandshahur charge of ëplundering and rebellion [Bulandshahar], the North-Western against the Britishí; he died during Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he his trial in Jail in 1859. [Mutiny joined the rebel forces at the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), commencement of the Uprising of NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 1857 in his area; he accompanied them in their attacks on the British Abdoollah Khan: Resident of and plunderings of the British Moradabad, the North-Western Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 3

Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); government ñ he took part in the joined the rebel forces in their fight protest demonstration organized at against the British authority during Shopian (Islamabad). While the noisy the 1857 Uprising; he also provided protest rally was moving on, the financial support to the rebels and State military force intervened to incited them to attack the British stop it. In the ensuing scuffle between offices; he was caught by the British the two, the military forces suddenly troops at the time of their operation opened indiscriminate firing on the to regain Moradabad; he was rallyists killing Abdul Ahad Mir on sentenced to transportation for life the spot. [File No. V, 8, MMCR, on the charges of ëaiding and J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; abetting the rebellion against the HMKJAMH, p. 327] British authorityí; he died in captivity in 1859 during his Abdul Ahad Shora: Born in 1906 in distt. transportation for life. [Mutiny Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), Amir Shora. He was an activist in the NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] political movement for responsible government in Jammu and Kashmir, Abdoollah: Belonged to Aligarh, the especially when it turned intense in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1931. While acting as volunteer in a Pradesh); he joined the rebels and demonstration in this connection at fought against the British rule during Sopore, he was killed in the State the Uprising of 1857; he also incited policeís firing on the demonstrators the local inhabitants to plunder the in 1931. [File No. V, 4, MMCR, British properties in Aligarh; he was J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p. 330] caught by the British at the time of their attacks on the rebel positions Abdul Ahad: Born in 1903 in Hindwara, in Aligarh, and charged with distt. Baramulla, Jammu and ësedition, murder and rebellion Kashmir; s/o Abdul Salam. A barber against the Britishí; sentenced to by occupation, he joined a rally at his death in 1858, he was executed by native place (Hindwara) to protest hanging. [Mutiny Records, Proc. (Judl against the autocratic rule in Jammu Deptt.), NWP (1858), UPSAL] and Kashmir State and to demand responsible government for its Abdul Ahad Mir: Hailed from distt. people. When the demonstrators Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu and were indiscriminately fired upon by Kashmir; s/o Ghaffar Mir. When the the State Army in February 1932, he people of Islamabad observed a was killed on the spot. [File No. VI complete hartal on 23 September 1931 (B), 12, MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; to register their protest against the WWIM, II, p.1; HMKJAM, P. 323] arrest of Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the Abdul Ahad: Resident of Mohallah Gao movement for responsible Kadal, distt. Srinagar, Jammu and 4 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Kashmir. As a participant in the Kashmir; s/o Jamal Loan. He political movement for responsible participated in the political government in Jammu and Kashmir movement for responsible State, he joined the demonstration government in Jammu and Kashmir outside the Central Jail in Srinagar State. He joined a demonstration at to protest against the detention of Baramulla against the despotic rule Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 of the Maharaja. When the rallyists June 1931), a prominent leader of the faced firing by the State Armyís campaign. When the demonstrators soldiers, Abdul Aziz was killed on waited outside the jail, five of them the spot in 1934. [File No. V, MMCR, were unprovokedly arrested by the J&KSA, Srinagar] police at the instance of the Governor (Trilok Chand). The arrests so Abdul Bari Khan: Resident of Lucknow, infuriated the demonstrators that the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now they began to raise anti-government Uttar Pradesh); he joined the slogans, demanded the immediate Uprising of 1857 and played a release of their leader, and also significant role in organizing the sought the permission for watching rebel forces of his region; he led the the proceedings of the trial. Instead rebels in attacking the British of giving permission, the Governor authorities and their establishments ordered the police to open fire on in Lucknow on several occasions; he them. In the police firing Abdul Ahad died while fighting against the was killed on the spot on 13 July 1931 British army at Haider Canal Bridge, at the age of 23. [File No. V, 8, Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; The Hindu, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. 373-9] Abdul Ghafoor: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Abdul Aziz: Born in v. Birodi, distt. Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British Bulanshahar, the United Provinces forces at various places in Lucknow (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Abdul during the Uprising of 1857 and also Qaiyyum. He had served as Coolie encouraged others to take part in the in the Transport Company of the fight against the British; he was killed British-Indian Army before shifting by the British army in an encounter loyalty to the Indian National Army at Bailey Guard, Lucknow in in 1942. As a soldier of the INA, he November 1857. [Mutiny Records, fought the British on the Burma Lucknow Mutiny Basta No.6, (Myanmar) front and was killed in UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh action in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. (1858), UPSAL] 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, I, p.1] Abdul Hayat/Hamat: Resident of Raipur, Abdul Aziz: Resident of Ooshkara Ghat, aroused by the speech that Hanuman distt. Baramulla, Jammu and Singh, Magazine Lashkar in the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 5

British Army (who assassinated GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. 48, 73; The Hindu, Major Cidwel at his residence on 18 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. January 1858), delivered before a 373-9; HMKJAMH, p. 330] sepoy audience on the same day; Abdul Hayat/Hamat joined the rebel Abdul Khan: Born in Futtehpore sepoys in Raipur; involved in killing [Fatehpur], the North-Western British army officers; with 16 other Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he rebel soldiers, he was arrested by the joined hands with the rebels during British; tried, convicted and the Uprising of 1857, and offered sentenced to death; hanged in Raipur financial support to them; he also on 22 January 1858. [Parliamentary encouraged the local people to fight Papers, Further Papers (Mutiny) for overthrowing the firangi-hukumat No.4 (1857-58), NAI; CKI, 1740-1947, (British rule); he was captured by the p.171] British forces at the time of their attacks on Fatehpur in 1857, and Abdul Khaliq Shora: Resident of executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny Mohallah Wazapura, distt. Srinagar, Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Samad No.2, UPRAA] Shora. A participant in the political movement for responsible Abdul Majid Khan: Resident of government in Jammu and Kashmir Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] State, he joined the demonstration Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); he outside the Central Jail in Srinagar took part in the resistance against the to protest against the detention of firangi-hukumat (British rule) during Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 the Uprising of 1857 and fought the June 1931), a prominent leader of the British at various places in the campaign. When the demonstrators Lucknow region; he was killed by waited outside the jail, five of them the British army in an encounter at were suddenly arrested by the police Bailley Guard, Lucknow in at the instance of the Governor November 1857. [Mutiny Records, (Trilok Chand). The arrests so Lucknow Mutiny Basta No.6, infuriated the demonstrators that UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh they began to raise anti-government (1858), UPSAL] slogans, demanded the immediate release of their leader, and also Abdul Majid: Born in 1924 in distt. sought the permission for watching Allahabad, the United Provinces the proceedings of the trial. Instead (now Uttar Pradesh). As a student, of giving permission, the Governor he took active part in the ìQuit ordered the police to open fire on Indiaî movement of 1942. He was them. In the police firing Abdul killed when the British soldiers fired Khaliq Shora was killed on the spot upon an anti-British demonstration on 13 July 1931at the age of 33. [File he participated at Allahabad in 1942. No. V, 8, MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, 6 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

I, p.2; BCA, p. 104] Abdul Rahamn Dar: Born in 1901 in Sapore, distt. Baramulla, Jammu and Abdul Qadur Khan: Resident of Kashmir; s/o Shaban Dar. When the Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- political movement for responsible Western Provinces (now Uttar government in Jammu and Kashmir Pradesh) took part in the Uprising turned intense in 1931, he actively of 1857 on the rebelsí side; participated in it. As a volunteer of participated in attacking the British the demonstration in this connection troops in the Kanpur region; caught at Sopore, he was killed in the firing by the British troops during their re- by the State police on the demonstra- occupation of Kanpur and charged tors. [File No. IV, 8, MMCR, J&KSA, with ëaiding the rebellion against the Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.69; EBIFF, Britishí, he was sentenced to death Vol.1, p. 172; HMKJAMH, p. 324] and executed in December 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny Abdul Rahim Dar: Belonged to distt. Basta No.10, UPRAA] Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Iqbal Beg. He took part in the political Abdul Qadus Tak: Born in 1909 in p.s. movement for responsible Shopian, distt. Anantnag, Jammu and government in Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmir; s/o Khaliq Tak. A He was killed on the spot in a State shopkeeper, he took active part in a Army firing while participating in a procession at Shopian on 21 rally to protest against the autocratic September 1931 during the political rule at Sapore (Baramulla) in 1931. movement for responsible [File No. V, 8, MMCR, J&KSA, government in Jammu and Kashmir. Srinagar] There, the demonstrators were fired upon on that day by the State police Abdul Rahman: Hailed from distt. killing Abdul Qadus Tak on the spot. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o [File No. V, 8, MMCR, J&KSA, Khuda Baksh. He joined a protest Srinagar; WWIM, II, pp. 320-21; rally in 1932 to demand cheaper food HMKJAMH, p. 330] for the population (the Roti Agitation) from the autocratic Government of Abdul Qayyum Khan: Resident of Jammu and Kashmir State. The Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western protesters were fired upon by the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took State police in which Abdul Rahman part in the Uprising against the received severe bullet injuries and British in 1857, and fought them at died on the spot. [File No. V, 8, various places in Muzaffarnagar; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJAH, captured by the British troops during p. 323] an engagement, he was executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Abdul Rahman: Resident of Jammu City, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Khuda Bux. 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.1] He actively participated in the Roti Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 7

Agitation (demanding cheaper food) same day. [File No. IV, 8, MMCR, on 23 September 1943 in Jammu. He J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p. 2; was killed on the spot when the State FSK, pp. 48-49; HMKJAMH, p. 322] police fired upon the demonstrators on that day. [File No. V, 8, MMCR, Abdul Salam: Born in 1910 in distt. J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp. 442-45; Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o WWIM, II, p.2; FSK, p. 71; Ghulam Mohammed. A barber and HMKJAMH, p. 323] an active worker of the National Conference, he took part in the Abdul Ruheem Khan: Resident of Thana political movement for responsible Bhavan, Muzaffarnagar, the North- government in Jammu and Kashmir Western Provinces (now Uttar State. He joined a demonstration for Pradesh); s/o Qazi Niamat Ali Khan; its sake at Safa Kadal, Srinagar in May Jagirdar; he took active part in the 1946. Hit by the State armyís bullets Uprising of 1857 and fought at in the firing on the protesters, he several places against the British; he died on the spot. [File No. IV, 8, also assisted his elder brother, Qazi MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Inayat Ali Khan, in organising the Vol.1, p.3; FSK, pp. 48-49; rebel forces in Thana Bhavan; he was HMKJAMH, p. 322] captured when he visited Muzaffar- nagar town in disguise with three of Abdul Samad Dar: Born in 1918 in v. his followers to get information about Pampore, distt. Anantnag, Jammu the British plans; charged with and Kashmir; s/o Ahad Dar. He took ësedition, murder and rebellioní, and part as a member of the National sentenced to death, he was executed Conference in the political movement by hanging at Muzaffarnagar, in 1858. for responsible government in Jammu [Mutiny Records, Muzaffarnagar and Kashmir State. He joined a rally Mutiny Basta, No. 2, UPRAA; held in this connection at Srinagar on WWIM, III, p.1] 20 May 1946 to protest against the misgovernance of the Maharaja. He Abdul Salam: Born in 1904 in distt. lost his life in the State Armyís firing Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o on the demonstrators on that very Gaffar. A tailor by profession and an day. [File No. V, 8, MMCR, J&KSA, active political worker of the National Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.174; WWIM, Conference, he took part in the II, p. 69; HMKJAMH, p. 322] movement for responsible government in Jammu and Kashmir Abdulla alias Sukaee: Resident of v. State. While participating in a Rajdhani, Jhangha, distt. Gorakhpur, procession taken out at Zaina Kadal, the United Provinces (now Uttar Srinagar in 1944, he received severe Pradesh); s/o Gobar Julaha. As the blows in a lathi charge by the police people were participating in near Gadyar Masjid. He could not Satyagarah during the Non- survive those injuries and died on the Cooperation movement on 5 8 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

February 1922, the British police of State ruler at Pulwama (Anantnag) Chauri Chaura thana suddenly in February 1934, he was killed on opened fire on them, causing deaths the spot in the State Armyís firing and injuries to many. When they ran upon the rallyists. [File No. V, 4, out of their ammunition and found MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; the gathering infuriated by the firing, HMKJAMH, p.326] the policemen retreated and hid themselves within the police station. Abhilakh Singh: Resident of v. Borasar, Some in the crowd had sprayed Dobhi Taluqa, Jaunpore [Jaunpur], kerosene oil on the building and set the North-Western Provinces (now it on fire, killing all the 23 policemen Uttar Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he within. Abdullah/Sukaee was played a prominent part in organizing accused of taking part in this well- the rebel forces in Dobhi Taluqa known Chauri-Chaura case, during the Uprising of 1857, and sentenced to death and hanged on 2 fought at several places in the July 1923. [H/poll. F.No. 563/III/ Ghazipur, Azamgarh and Benares 1922, NAI; NR, 14 January, 1923, region; his attempt to capture RSAB; SSKS, 36, pp. 1 & 10] Azamgarh and Benares region failed because of the British success over Abdullah Sheikh: Born in Agra, the the rebel forces in June 1857 near North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Benares; Abhilakh Singh, along with Pradesh); he joined hands with the others, joined Kunwar Singh when rebels of his area during the Uprising he appeared in Azamgarh and fought of 1857, and fought the British at against the British; after the several places in Agra; he was caught withdrawal of Kunwar Singh from by the British army advancing on Azamgarh, the British forces Agra, and accused of ëmurder and occupied the region, and captured in rebellion against the Britishí; May 1858 many of the rebels, sentenced to death in 1858 with including Abhilakh Singh; charged confiscation of his property, he was with ëmurder and rebellion against executed by hanging soon thereafter. the Britishí, he was sentenced to [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta death and executed by hanging from No.7, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.I, a mango tree. [Mutiny Records, No.44 (I) (1858), MSAB] Jaunpur Mutiny Basta No.1, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.2; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 Abdur Rahman Mir: Born in 1871 in (V) (1858), MSAB] distt. Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Subhan Mir. He Abid Ali Khan: Resident of Moradabad, actively participated in the political the North-Western Provinces (now movement for responsible Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; played a government in Jammu and Kashmir. leading part in the organisation and While participating in a rally to direction of the rebelsí activities protest against the tyranny of the during the Uprising of 1857; he was Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 9

captured by the British in the course Pradesh); Syud [Syed]; he was a of their raids on the Moradabad Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contingent region in 1858; charged with ëmurder Guards of the Agra Central Prison and leading the rebellion against the under the British Government; he Britishí, he was sentenced to death left the British service during the and executed in 1858. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and joined the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), fighting against the British rule; he NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, marched towards Delhi along with Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] the fellow rebels and fought against the British forces at several places; Abid Ali: Resident of Moradabad, the he died in 1858 while resisting the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar British attacks on the rebels position. Pradesh); joined hands with the rebel [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, forces against the British at the time UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) of the Uprising of 1857 and took part (1858), MSAB] in fighting the Government forces at different corners of Moradabad; he Abu Turab Khan: Resident of Lucknow, was captured by the British troops the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in during their raids on Moradabad in Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with April 1858, and executed by hanging the rebels of his area during the on 27 April 1858. [Mutiny Records, Uprising of 1857, and also incited Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- other people to raise their arms 59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 against the British; he fought at (VI) (1858), MSAB] different places against the British forces; he was killed in the battle of Abid Alley Bux: Inhabitant of Chinhat, Lucknow, while confronting Moradabad, the North-Western the British army on 20 June 1857. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Sheikh; he took part in fighting the Basta No.6, UPRAA] British during the Uprising of 1857, and also took initiative in organizing Acharju: Resident of Jhansi State (now the rebel activities in Moradabad; he Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel was captured by the British at the forces against the British in Jhansi time of their re-occupation of the during the Uprising of 1857; under Moradabad region, and executed by the leadership of Rani Lakshmi Bai hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, he took part in fighting and driving Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- out the Britishers from Jhansi and its 59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 adjoining areas; with the advance of (V) (1858), MSAB] the British reinforcement under Hugh Rose towards Jhansi in March Abid Hoosein: Born in Mogeenah, 1858, he joined in the defence of Shahjehanpoor [Shahjahanpur], the Jhansi; in the course of the fighting North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Acharju was caught by the British 10 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

troops, charged with ërebellion of 1857 and fought against the British against the Britishí, and sentenced to on several occasions; he was caught death and executed in 1859. [Mutiny by the British in an encounter in the Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, Gorakhpur region, and hanged in UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny (1858), MSAB] Basta No.2, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) (1858), MSAB] Acharya Persad: Belonged to Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Adhial Singh: Resident of the Oudh Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the [Awadh] Province (now Uttar resistance against the firangi-hukumat Pradesh); took part in the Uprising (British rule) during the Uprising of of 1857 and also incited his 1857 and fought the British forces at neighbours to join the fight against different places in the Lucknow the British authority; he was caught region; he was killed by the British by the enemy during an engagement army in an encounter at Bailley and sentenced to life imprisonment Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. on the charges of ësedition and [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny rebellion against the Britishí; he died Basta No.6, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. in detention in 1858. [Mutiny Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Achchhan Khan: Belonged to Faizabad, the Oudh [Awadh] Provinces (now Adhikari: Resident of Lucknow, the Uttar Pradesh); joined hands with the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in rebel forces in fighting the British Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the during the Uprising of 1857; he also fighting against the British forces participated in plundering the British during the Uprising of 1857, and also quarters and looting the treasury to incited his neighbourhood to raise its raise funds for the rebels; he was arms against the British; he was caught by the British in 1858 and killed in the course of an encounter charged with ëplundering, looting with the British in Chinhat, Lucknow, and rebellion against the Britishí; he on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Records, was sentenced to death and shot Lucknow Mutiny Basta No.6, dead in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. UPRAA; QT, p.54] Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) Adjoodhia: Belonged to Banda, the (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p.3] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Adheera Singh: Belonged to Tulhwapar, Uprising of 1857 and fought against Gorruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the the British forces at a number of places North-Western Provinces (now Uttar in the Banda region; he was captured Pradesh); he joined hands with the during the British re-occupation of rebels of his area during the Uprising the Banda area, and charged with Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 11

ëplundering and rebellion against the Army to confront the rallyists at Britishí; sentenced to death with Neemuchana. The troops confiscation of his property in May surrounded the village, blocked all 1858, he was hanged soon thereafter. the exit routes from it and opened [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny fire on the protesters without any Basta No. 3, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. prior warning. Agaz Singh was No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] seriously injured in the indiscriminate firing and died. Afzal Khan: Resident of Singhana, Jaipur Simultaneously, the village was also State (now in distt. Jhunjhunu), the set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; sepoy in the British Army; deserted TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; his Regiment along with twenty-two Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, other rebel Sowars [Sawars], but was F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, arrested at Shaildhawati in May 1858 RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, under the orders of the Nazim of F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] Sawai Ramgarh; Afzal Khan was dispatched to the Assistant Political Agha Habeebi alias Aghai: Resident of Agent of Kanod and promptly Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) executed. [F/Cons, S.C 30 April Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he 1858/149-150 A, NAI; Mil/Deptt. participated in the Uprising of 1857 No. M-06-1 (Pts.) Pad No.1/2, F. No. and played an important role in 01, Pt.5/3, Jaipur State Records, RSAB organizing the rebel forces of his cited in RSG, V 2, pp.90-91] region; he led a group of rebels in attacking the British authorities and Agaz Singh: Belonged to v. their establishments in Lucknow on Neemuchana, teh. Bansoor [Bansur], several occasions; he was killed in the Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), fighting against the British army at Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Qaiserbagh, Lucknow in 1858. Brahmin; participated in the kisan [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny agitatorsí meeting held at Basta, UPRAA] Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to demonstrate against the Maharajaís Agha Haroon: Resident of Lucknow, the oppressive administration and his Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar land settlement policy of 1923-24. In Pradesh); he joined hands with the this settlement the Biswedari rights of rebel forces during the Uprising of the Rajputs were forfeited and the 1857 and played a significant role in land revenue had been enhanced by organizing the rebels of his area; he fifty per cent. Though all took part in attacking the British and agriculturists were affected adversely their establishments in Lucknow; he by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. died while fighting against the Hearing the news of the kisan British army at Qaiserbagh, gathering, the Maharaja sent his State Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, 12 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] was wounded seriously; caught by the British, and even in a dying Agha Hoosein: Belonged to condition, he was hanged at Jelo- Farrukhabad, the North-Western Khana of Machchi Bhawan, Lucknow Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he in May 1857. [Mutiny Records, participated in the Uprising of 1857 Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; and accompanied the rebel forces in L1857, pp.59-60] fighting the British at a number of places in Farrukhabad; he was Ahad Shosha: Born in Sapore, distt. captured by the British forces in the Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o course of an encounter and charged Amir Shosha. He took part in a with ëmurder and rebellioní; he was protest rally led by the National executed by the orders of the Conference during the political Magistrate of Farrukhabad in May movement for responsible 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. government in Jammu and Kashmir (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), State on 20 May 1946. He was killed UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) on the spot when the State Army (1858), MSAB] soldiers fired upon it. [File No. V, 4, MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar] Agha Malloo Singh: Resident of Jalalabad, near Lucknow, the Awadh Ahamd Rathor: Born in 1901 at Province (now Uttar Pradesh); Nowshera, distt. Srinagar, Jammu Zamindar; he took a leading part in and Kashmir; s/o Subhan Rathor; organizing the rebels of his village Private employee. He took part in the during the Uprising of 1857; he also widely spreading movement for offered financial assistance to the responsible government in Jammu rebel forces to meet their military and Kashmir State in 1931. During expenses; he was killed by the British this movement Rathor was killed in army in the course of some grim the same year in the State Armyís fighting at Jalalabad in 1857. [Mutiny firing on a demonstration he joined Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, at Nowshera. [File No. IV, 8, MMCR, UPRAA; L1857, p.293] J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.270; HMKJAMH, p.328] Agha Mirza (Kambalposh): Resident of Lucknow, the Awadh Province (now Ahangar Rahman: Hailed from distt. Uttar Pradesh); s/o Mahmood Mirza; Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o he organized a group of anti-British Ahangar. He was arrested by the forces and attacked the British State police on the charge of his active officers in May 1857; he then led a involvement in the anti-Maharaja procession of rebels from Aishbagh activities. He died as captive in and reached near the Rooni Gate Central jail, Srinagar, on account of where the British forces opened fire severe tortures in the hands of the on them; Agha Mirza, with others, jail authorities. [File No. I M.C., 8, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 13

MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJH, the mal-administration of the p.323] Maharaja. When the rallyists were fired upon by the soldiers of the State Ahlaud: Resident of Ghazeepoor Army, Ahmad Dar was killed on the [Ghazipur], the North-Western spot in the firing. [File No. IV, 8, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Thakoor [Thakur]; he joined the Vol.1, pp.172-173; WWIM, II, p.69; rebel forces and fought the British at HMKJAMH, p.324] several places in Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; he also offered Ahmad Lone: Born in 1894 in v. Langet, financial support to other rebels for distt. Baramulla, Jammu and buying arms and fighting the British Kashmir; s/o Sultan Lone. A farmer forces; he was caught by the British by occupation, he actively participa- during their re-occupation of the ted in the political movement for Ghazipur region, and executed by responsible government in Jammu hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, and Kashmir. He joined an agitation Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll at Hindwara in Baramulla district in Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] February 1932 to protest against the Maharajaís autocracy in the State. On Ahmad Ali: Resident of Akbarpur, the very first day of the protest, he Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North- was killed in the State Armyís firings Western Provinces (now Uttar on the demonstrators. [File No. IV, Pradesh); Tahsildar; close associate 8, MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, of Nana Saheb; took part in the anti- II, p.173; HMKJAMH, p.326] British rebel forces activities during the Uprising of 1857 in Kanpur; while Ahmad Mir: Hailed from distt. Srinagar, fighting against the re-occupying Jammu and Kashmir; s/o British forces, he was caught by them Mohammad Mir. He took part in the and accused of ësedition and rebellion political movement for responsible against the Britishí; sentenced to government in Jammu and Kashmir death in 1857, Ahmad was executed State. He joined a demonstration in soon thereafter; his property was also its support near the Central Jail of confiscated .[Mutiny Records, Srinagar in July 1931. When the Kanpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll demonstrators were fired upon by Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] the State Army soldiers he was killed in the firing at the gate of the jail. Ahmad Dar: Born in 1901 at Nowshera, [File No. VI, 13, MMCR, J&KSA, distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p.327] s/o Akbar Dar. A farmer and a participant in the movement for Ahmad Yar Bux: Resident of responsible government in Jammu Furruckabad [Farrukhabad], the and Kashmir, he joined a rally at North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Nowshera in 1931 to protest against Pradesh); responding to the call of 14 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

the rebel forces, he played an executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny important role in the Uprising of 1857 Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, in the Farrukhabad region; he led the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) local rebels in attacking the British (1858), MSAB] establishments and capturing their treasuries at the time of the British Ahmadullah Khan: Resident of Budaun, re-assertion of authority over this North-Western Provinces (now Uttar region; arrested and charged with Pradesh; he took a leading part in the ëbeing a leader and instigator of Uprising of 1857 and fought against rebellion against the Britishí, he was the British forces at several places in sentenced to be hanged in January the Rohilkhand region; he was also 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. appointed as Naib-Nazim of Badaun (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), under the Rebel Government; UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) captured by the advancing British (1858), MSAB] army in July 1858, he was blown to death with a cannon. [Mutiny Ahmad Yar Khan: Resident of Jalalabad, Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Uttar Pradesh); he was a Tehsildar of Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Jalalabad; joined the Uprising against the British in 1857 and played a Ahmed Allee: Born in Futtehpore prominent role as a Nazim of [Fatehpur], the North-Western Jalalabad under the Rebelsí Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Government. He was captured by the participated in the Uprising of 1857, British troops, following the defeat and also incited his neighbours to of the rebels in this region, and take up their arms against the British; executed by hanging on 20 April he also offered financial support to 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. the local rebels and encouraged them (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), to go for overthrowing the firangi- UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.4; Poll Deptt, hukumat (British rule); he was caught Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] by the British troops during their raids on Fatehpur in 1857, and Ahmad Yar: Resident of distt. Hamirpur, executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny the North-Western Provinces (now Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, Uttar Pradesh); local medicine man; UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) joined the Uprising of 1857 in Kanpur (1858), MSAB] and took part in the anti-British rebel forcesí endeavours to drive the Ahmed Beg alias Mogal Beg: Resident British out from the Kanpur region of Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North- in June 1857; when the British were Western Provinces (now Uttar recovering their lost ground in Pradesh); joined the rebel forces Kanpur in July 1857, he was arrested during the Uprising of 1857 against by them; Ahmad Yar Khan was the British in Kanpur; participated in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 15

driving the British away from Ahmed Husain: Born in Faizabad, the Kanpur and its neighbouring areas; Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in at the time of the British recovery of Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Kanpur in July 1857, he was captured Uprising of 1857 and proceeded to by them; accused of ërebellion against Lucknow; he fought against the the Britishí, he was sentenced to British forces at several places in death in December 1857, and Lucknow city; he was caught by the executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny British army during an engagement, Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta No.7, and hanged at Machhi Bhawan, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Lucknow, in June 1857. [Mutiny (1858), MSAB] Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), Ahmed Beg: Resident of Allygurh Oudh (1857), UPSAL] [Aligarh], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Ahmed Hussain: Resident of Aligarh, took part in the Uprising of 1857 and the North-Western Provinces (now also motivated others to rise against Uttar Pradesh); Mughal; participated the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he in the Uprising of 1857, organised a went over to Delhi, joined hands band of rebel army men to fight the with the rebels there and fought the British forces and marched up to British troops on several occasions; Delhi to assist the rebels there; he was he died while confronting the caught by the British troops during advancing British army in Delhi in their operation in September 1857, September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, and imprisoned on the charges of Coll. No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. ëmurder and rebellion against the No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Britishí; he was sentenced to death and executed by hanging on 18 Ahmed Bux: Resident of Humeerpoor January 1858. [Mutiny Records, Judl. [Hamirpur], the North-Western Deptt. (Delhi Div), F.No.3 (1858), Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he HSAP] joined the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 and fought against the Ahmed Khan: Resident of Jaipur State British; he also incited the people to (now in distt. Sawai Madhopur), the take up their arms against the firangis Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); (British) and overthrow the took part in the 1857 Uprising and exploitative imperialist rule; he was was arrested from Hinduan town. killed during an engagement with The Jaipur State troops stationed at the British troops in 1858; his Hinduan also became rebellious and property was confiscated later on. rescued the arrested persons, but [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny they were soon re-captured; with Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 other fugitives, Ahmed Khan was (VIII) (1858), MSAB] sent to Agra in December 1857 by the Political Agent of Jaipur; he was tried 16 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

and hanged at Agra at the beginning to Delhi, joined hands with the rebels of 1858. [F/Cons, S.C 30 April 1858/ there and fought the British troops; 149-150 A, NAI; Mil/Deptt. No. M- he was captured by the British soon 06-1 (Pts.) Pad No.1/2, F. No. 01, after their re-occupation of Delhi, and Pt.5/3, Jaipur State Records, RSAB charged with ëmurder and rebellion cited in RSG, V 2, pp.90-91] against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death and executed in 1857. Ahmed Khan: Resident of Moradabad, [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi the North-Western Provinces (now Div.), F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Uttar Pradesh); he fought against the British during the Uprising of 1857; Ahmud Allah Khan: Resident of he also provided financial support to Najibabad, the North-Western the rebels and incited other people Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); to join them; he was caught by the Tahsildar; he joined the Uprising of British soldiers at the time of their 1857 and played a significant role in re-occupying the area, charged with the rebel administration of ëaiding and abetting the rebellion Najibabad; he also led a group of against the Britishí and sentenced to rebels and fought the British army life imprisonment in March 1859, he at Nagina. Following the defeat of died in prison. [Mutiny Records, the rebel forces, he was caught by Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- the British and executed on 22 April 59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 1858. [Mutiny Records, Aligarh (V) (1858), MSAB] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No. 50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] Ahmed Sher: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Ahmud Hussein: Resident of distt. Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Shahjehanpore [Shahjahanpur], the and fought the British at several North-Western Provinces (now Uttar locales in Lucknow during the Pradesh); s/o Ahmud Yar Khan; Uprising of 1857; he also participated during the Uprising of 1857, he took in the plundering of the British part in fighting the British forces in properties; he died while confronting Shahjahanpur region; he was the British army at Qaiserbagh, captured by the British forces in the Lucknow, in March 1858. [Mutiny course of an engagement in Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Shahjahanpur; put on trial on the UPRAA] charge of ìrebellion against the British authorityî, he was sentenced Ahmed Yaar: Resident of Allygurh to death and executed in June 1859. [Aligarh], the North-Western [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Provinces (now uttar pradesh); he Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), fought the British forces in the MSAB] Aligarh region; he also marched on Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 17

Ahmud Khan: Born in Shahgunj overthrowing the firangi-hukumat [Shahganj], Agra, the North-Western (British rule); he was captured by the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); British troops during their raids on Mewattee [Mewati]; he was a Sirdar Fatehpur in 1857, and hanged. Jemadar [Sardar Jamadar] in the [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Contingent Guards of the Agra Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Central Prison; he left the British (IX) (1858), MSAB] employment on 5 July 1857 and joined the Rebellion against the British Ajah Singh: Resident of Cawnpore during the Uprising of 1857; he died (Kanpur), the North-Western in the course of an encounter with Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh) joined the advancing British army in 1858. the anti-British rebel forces in Kanpur [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, during the Uprising of 1857; took part UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) in raiding the British settlements and (1858), MSAB] outposts in Kanpur and its surrounding areas; caught during the Aijud Bukhsh: Resident of Azimgurh British offensive on the region in the [Azamgarh], the North-Western second half of 1857, sentenced to Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); death on charge of ëtaking part in the Sheikh; he was a Sepoy in the C. rebellion against the Britishí in Company under the British army; he December 1857 and executed soon stopped serving the British during thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur the Uprising of 1857 and joined the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, rebels for fighting against the British; Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] he was caught in 1858 while confronting the British forces, and Ajaib Singh: Resident of sentenced to death on the charges of Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western ëdesertion and mutiny against the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, joined the Uprising of 1857 against Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. the British, and accompanied the Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; rebels at various places in Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), Muzaffarnagar to provide them with MSAB] the attendantís services during the fight; he was captured and hanged Aivaz Khan: Belonged to Futtehpore by the British in 1857. [Mutiny [Fatehpur], the North-Western Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, participated in the Uprising of 1857, p.5; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and persuaded some local rebels to (1858), MSAB] fight against the British; he also offered financial support to the Ajali Singh: Resident of Jhansi State, rebels for buying arms and Bundelkhand Agency (now Uttar encouraged them to go for Pradesh); actively involved in the 18 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Uprising against the British in Jhansi Papers, F.Nos.379/INA (1946); 403/ during the Uprising of 1857; at the INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.5] time of the British troopsí striking back on Jhansi in 1858, Ajali Singh Ajit Singh: Resident of the Garhwal was captured and charged with Division, the United Provinces (now ërebellion against the Britishí; he was Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the sentenced to be executed in 1859. 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny, Indian Army; he left the British UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) service to join the Indian National (1858), MSAB] Army in 1942 and served it as Naik in the Ist Guerrilla Regiment; he died Ajit Singh: Born in 1904 at v. while fighting against the British Nagadgaon, distt. Uttarkashi, forces at Trawang, Burma (now Garhwal Division, the United Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, Provinces (now Uttarakhand); s/o F.Nos. 1/INA,498/INA (1945), NAI; Kashi Singh; participated during the WWIM, II, p.5] Civil Disobedience movement in the peasant agitation against the Akbar Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the oppressive Tehri-Garhwal State and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar its imposition of heavy land and Pradesh); he joined hands with the other taxes in 1930; when marching rebels of his area during the Uprising with the Dandel village protesters of 1857 and fought the British forces towards the State capital, he was at different places; he was killed by stopped among others by the State the British army in the course of an Police under the District Magistrate encounter at Bailey Guard, Lucknow, and fired upon at Ranighati on 20 in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, May 1930. Ajit was killed in the firing. Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/1930; 23/58/ Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] 1930, NAI; WWIM, II, p.5; SSKS GD, p.1] Akbar Hussain: Resident of Raipur, Chhattisgarh; aroused by the speech Ajit Singh: Hailed from v. Pago, distt. that Hanuman Singh, Magazine Tehri-Garhwal, Garhwal Division, Lashkar in the British Army (who the United Provinces (now assassinated Major Cidwel at his Uttarakhand); he was earlier a Sepoy residence on 18 January 1858) in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the delivered before a sepoy audience on British-Indian Army; he shifted his the same day, Akbar Hussain joined loyalty to the Indian National Army the rebel soldiers in Raipur; involved in Malaya in 1942 and served in its in the killing of British army officers; 3rd Guerrilla Regiment in the same with 16 other rebel soldiers, he was rank; while confronting the British arrested by the British; tried, on the Burma (Myanmar front he convicted and sentenced to death; died in action perhaps in 1944. [INA hanged in Raipur on 22 January 1858. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 19

[Parliamentary Papers, Mutiny in March 1858 and was killed, after further Papers, No.4, 1857-58, NAI, the defeat of the rebels. [RSG, p.91; CKI, 1740-1947, p.171] F/Poll; F.Nos. 1-2, September 1858; F/Poll. ëAí, F.Nos. 428-36, February Akbar Khan: Born in 1823, Mathura, 1858; F/Poll; F.Nos. 3146-47, North-Western Province (now Uttar December 1858, NAI; RKSS, pp.124- Pradesh); took part in the Uprising 43; WWIM, III, p.6; Sujas, No 4, June- of 1857 against the British dominance July 1998, Jaipur, p.80] over the Saugor district of the Central Provinces and Berar (now Sagor, Akram Khan: Resident of Lucknow, the Madhya Pradesh); he joined the anti- Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar British rebel forces of Nawab of Pradesh); he joined hands with the Ambapani at Rahatgarh in 1857; rebels in their fighting against the fought against the British British forces during the Uprising of reinforcement under Hugh Rose from 1857, and also incited others to raise 24 to 28 January 1858 the Rahatgarh their arms against the British; he was fort; captured by the enemy in the killed in the battle of Chinhat, course of fighting and accused of Lucknow, while confronting the ërebellion against the Britishí, Akbar British army on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny was executed by hanging at the front Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, gate of the Rahatgarh Fort on 29 UPRAA] January 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Akshaibar Yadav: Resident of v. (1858), MSAB] Dhamahapur, distt. Jaunpur, the United Provinces (now Uttar Akbar Khan: Born on 7 February 1820 Pradesh); s/o Raghunath Yadav. He Karauli, Karauli State (now distt. was killed in the police firing while Karauli), the Rajputana Agency (now taking part in a procession during the Rajasthan); s/o Nasir Khan; was an ìQuit Indiaî movement at his village officer in the Kota State Army; took in August 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/ active part in the Uprising against 42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.379; East India Companyís dominance BCA, p. 131] over Kota State in 1857. Under the leadership of Mehrab Khan, he joined Alam Singh: Hailed from the Garhwal in the attack on the Political Agency Division, the United Provinces (now House, Kota, on 15 October 1857 in Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the which Captain C.E. Burton, the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Political Agent, his two sons and few Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty others were killed. He also fought in to the Indian National Army in 1942 several other battles against the and served it as Sepoy in the 3rd combined forces of Maharao (Kota Infantry Battalion; while fighting ruler) and the British. Akbar Khan against the British forces he died on was captured by the British troops the battle ground at Kalewa, Burma 20 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

(now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Pradesh); he took part in the fighting Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA against the firangi-hukumat (British (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.6] rule) during the Uprising of 1857; he was killed by the British army in an Alauddin: Resident of Lucknow, the engagement at Bailley Guard, Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Lucknow, in November 1857. Pradesh); he joined hands with the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny rebels of his area during the Uprising Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh of 1857 and fought the British forces (1858), UPSAL] in different locations; he died while confronting the British army at Ali Bakhsh: Resident of Meerut, the Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); he took part in the Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Uprising of 1857 and also incited the Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] local people to raise their arms against the British authorities; he Aley Jan: Belonged to Futtehpore proceeded to Delhi, joined the rebel [Fatehpur], the North-Western forces there, and fought the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he in different engagements; he was participated in the Uprising of 1857, killed while confronting the and led the local people to join the advancing British forces in Delhi in fight against the British rule; he was 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, killed by the British troops during NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) their attacks on the rebels in Fatehpur (1858), MSAB] in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Ali Baksh Khan: Inhabitant of Lucknow, Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); soon after joining the Algu Yadav: Born in 1922 in v. Chitpur, rebel forces, he fought the British at distt. Ghazipur, the United Provinces a number of places in Lucknow (now Uttar Pradesh). He participated during the Uprising of 1857; he also in a procession going towards the encouraged others in attacking and Sadat Police Station during the ìQuit plundering the British properties; he Indiaî movement. When it came near was killed in March 1858 in the course the thana, the police opened fire on of an encounter with the British army the demonstrators. Algu Yadav at Qaiserbhagh, Lucknow. [Mutiny received fatal bullet wounds in the Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, firing and died on the spot in August UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) 1942. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; (1858), MSAB] WWIM, I, p.379] Ali Baksh: Resident of Lucknow, the Algwa: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Oudh Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Uprising of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 21

1857 and played a leading role in in the 1857 Uprising in Jaipur State organizing the rebel forces of his and was arrested; the Jaipur State region; he took part in attacking the troops stationed at Hinduan became British establishments in Lucknow on rebellious and rescued Ali Hyder several occasions; he died while Khan and other insurgents; along fighting against the British army at with the associates, he was again Qaiserbagh, Lucknow in 1858. captured and sent to Agra by the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Political Agent of Jaipur. Ali Hyder Basta, UPRAA] Khan was tried at Agra and executed. [F/Cons, S.C 30 April Ali Dad Khan: Resident of the North- 1858/149-150 A, NAI; Mil/Deptt. Western Provinces (now Uttar No. M-06-1 (Pts.) Pad No.1/2, F. No. Pradesh); he took part in the 01, Pt.5/3, Jaipur State Records, RSAB Uprising of 1857 and also incited his cited in RSG, V 2, pp.90-91] neighbourhood to raise its arms against the British authorities; he Ali Malik: Resident of v. Dallipore, distt. proceeded to Delhi, joined the rebel Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o army there, and fought the British Rasool Malik. He took active part in forces in different engagements; he a protest rally against the autocratic was killed while confronting the rule of the Maharaja of Jammu and advancing British forces in Delhi in Kashmir at Pulwama (Anantnag) in 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, February 1934 during the movement NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) for responsible government. When (1858), MSAB] the State Army soldiers opened fire on the rallyists, he was killed in the Ali Husain: Resident of the North- firing on the day of the rally. [File Western Provinces (now Uttar No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Pradesh); he took part in the WWIM, II, p.181; HMKJAMH, p.327] Uprising of 1857 and also mobilised other people to raise their arms Ali Mohammad Butt: Born in 1904 in against the British rule; he proceeded distt. Baramulla, Jammu and to Delhi, joined the rebel forces there, Kashmir; s/o Sadiq Butt. A and fought the British at different shopkeeper by occupation, he was places; he was killed by the arrested in 1934 on the charge of advancing British army during an taking part in the political movement encounter in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny for responsible government against Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, the Maharaja in his district. He was Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] flogged to death by the State police on the very day he was arrested in Ali Hyder Khan: Hailed from Hinduan, 1934. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, a town in Jaipur State (now in distt. Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.114; WWIM, Sawai Madhopur), the Rajputana II, p. 51; HMKJAMH, p.323] Agency (now Rajasthan); took part 22 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Ali Mohammad Pathan: Resident of joined the demonstration at the distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; Khankah-i-Mualla in Srinagar in 1946, s/o Sultan Pathan. At the call of the to protest against the Maharajaís National Conference, he joined the autocratic rule and to demand demonstration at the Khankah-i- responsible government in Jammu Mualla in Srinagar in 1946, to protest and Kashmir State. The State army against the Maharajaís autocratic rule opened fire on the demonstrators in and to demand responsible which Ali Mohammed Pathan government in Jammu and Kashmir received five bullet wounds and died State. The State Army opened fire on of these on the same day. [File No. the demonstrators in which Ali IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Mohammed Pathan was killed on the WWIM, II, p.6; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.15] same day. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p.323] Ali Mohd. Khan: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Ali Mohammad Rishi: Born in 1906 in Uttar Pradesh); he joined the distt. Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu Uprising of 1857 and led a group of and Kashmir; s/o Wali Rishi. When rebels in attacking the British the people of Islamabad observed a authorities and their establishments complete hartal on 23 September 1931 at several places in Lucknow; he died to register their protest against the while fighting against the British arrest of Sheikh Mohammad army at Moosabagh, Lucknow in Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow movement for responsible Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] government ñ he (as a student) took part in the protest demonstration Alla Buksh: Resident of Sorah, Agra, the organized at Shopian (Islamabad). North-Western Provinces (now Uttar While the protest demonstration was Pradesh); Mewattee [Mewati]; he was vociferously moving on, the State a Sirdar Jemadar [Sardar Jamadar] in military force intervened to stop it. the Contingent Guards of the Agra In the ensuing scuffle between the Central Prison; he left the British two, the military force suddenly service on 5 July 1857 and took part opened indiscriminate firing on the in fighting the British at various rallyists in which Ali Mohammad places during the Uprising of 1857; Rishi was killed on the spot. [File No. he died in the course of an encounter V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, with the advancing British troops in pp.409-10; WWIM, II p.274] 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Ali Mohammed Pathan: Born in 1929 in (IX) (1858), MSAB] distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Mohammed Sultan Pathan. At Allah Bakhsh: Resident of Lucknow, the the call of the National Conference, Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar he (a student of eighth standard) Pradesh); he participated in the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 23

resistance against the firangi-hukumat Allee Buksh: Resident of Banda, the (British rule) during the Uprising of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1857 and fought the British at Pradesh); he participated in the different places in the Lucknow Uprising of 1857 and also incited his region; he was killed by the British neighbours to join the rebel forces army in the midst of an encounter at and fight against the goralog (British); Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in he was caught during an engagement November 1857. [Mutiny Records, with the reinforced British troops in Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Banda, and imprisoned on the Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] charges of ësedition, murder and rebellion against the Britishí; he was Allahdad Khuda Baksh: Resident of v. sentenced to death with confiscation Lohari, Meerut, the North-Western of property in July 1858 and executed Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he by hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda joined the Uprising against the Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, British in 1857 soon after its outbreak Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] in the Meerut region; he also encouraged others to take up the Allee Khan: Born in Bareilly, Uttar struggle against the British and Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces overthrow their rule, he was against the British during the captured by the British troops during Uprising of 1857; he also took part in the fight and executed by hanging in attacking the British loyalists in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. Bareilly and its adjoining areas; in the (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; course of fighting, he was caught by WWIM, III, p.8] the British forces and charged with ëmurder and rebellioní; he was Allahdia: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] sentenced to death and executed in Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he June 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. was a Chowkidar, but left the job Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), during the Uprising of 1857; took UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) active part in the attacking and (1858), MSAB] plundering of the officersí houses and properties of the British loyalists; Alley Buksh: Resident of Agra, the provided financial support to the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar rebels for meeting their military Pradesh); Shaikh; he was a expenses; he was captured by the Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the British troops in the course of their Contingent Guards of the Agra re-occupation of this region, and Central Prison; he left the British executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny employment during the Uprising of Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) 1857, joined the rebels of the Agra Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, area and fought the British troops in p.8] several engagements in the Agra- Mathura regions; he was killed by the 24 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

advancing British forces in one of (IX) (1858), MSAB] their attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Alley Sher: Resident of Katra, Allahabad, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) the North-Western Provinces (now (1858), MSAB] Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his locality during the Alley Bux: Resident of Allahabad, the Uprising of 1857 and fought against North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the British; he also took part in Pradesh); he participated in the seizing the British treasury and Uprising of 1857 and fought against supplying its proceeds to the rebel the British forces at several places in forces; he was caught by the British the Allahabad region; he also troops during their marches in supported the local people in seizing Allahabad, and hanged from a tree the British treasury; he was captured in 1857 on the charges of ëplundering during the British onslaught on and rebellion against the Britishí. Allahabad, and charged with [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny ëplundering and rebellion against the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 Britishí; he was sentenced to death (VI) (1858), MSAB] with confiscation of property and executed by hanging from a tree in Ally Bahadoor: Resident of Banda, the 1860. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Pradesh); Sheikh; he castigated the Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] oppressive and exploitative British rule during the Uprising of 1857, and Alley Kureem: Belonged to Puthra, incited the neighbourhood to take up Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- its arms against the British; he also Western Provinces (now Uttar participated in defence of Banda in Pradesh); he led a group of rebels the face of the advancing British during the Uprising of 1857 and army; caught by the British and fought against the British forces at charged with ësedition and various places in the Hamirpur instigation of rebellion against the region; he also incited the local Britishí, he was sentenced to death people to raise their arms and fight in August 1858 and executed by against the firangi-hukumat (British hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda rule); he was caught in the course of Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, an engagement with the advancing Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] British army, and charged with ësedition and instigating the Ally Hoosein: Resident of Agra, the rebellioní, sentenced to death with North-Western Provinces (now Uttar confiscation of property in 1859; he Pradesh); Moogul [Mughal]; he was was executed by hanging soon a Duffadar [Dafadar] in the thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Mutiny Contingent Guards of the Agra Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Central Prison under the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 25

Government; he left the British [Wazirpura], Agra, the North- service during the Uprising of 1857 Western Provinces (now Uttar and joined hands with the rebels in Pradesh); Butcher; he took part in the fighting against the British; he fought Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British at several places, and died the British on various occasions; he in 1858 in a confrontation with them. was caught by the British during their [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, attacks on the rebels, and executed UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, (1858), MSAB] Agra Mutiny Basta, File Sl. No.77, UPRAA] Ally Mohd. Khan: Resident of Allygurh [Aligarh], the North-Western Alopee: Resident of Bareilly, Uttar Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Pradesh; he was a sepoy in the 48th participated in the Uprising of 1857 Native Infantry of the British-Indian and also encouraged local people to army; he left his position to join the overthrow the firangi-hukumat rebel forces during the Uprising of (British rule) ; he marched on to 1857; he fought against the British at Delhi, joined hands with the rebels several places in Bareilly; caught by there and fought the British troops the British forces and put on trial for on several occasions; he died while ëmurder and mutinyí, he was negotiating the advancing British sentenced to death in September army in Delhi in September 1857. 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII (1858), MSAB] MSAB]

Ally Moorad: Belonged to Allygurh Aluf Khan: Belonged to Agra, the [Aligarh], the North-Western North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Provinces (now uttar pradesh); he Pradesh); Pathan; he was a took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the also encouraged other people to raise Contingent Guards of the Agra arms and go for killing the British; Central Prison; he gave up the British he marched on to Delhi, joined hands service during the Uprising of 1857 with the rebels there and fought the and joined hands with the rebels of British troops; he was caught by the the Agra region; he fought the British British after the fall of Delhi, and troops in several engagements in the charged with ësedition and rebellion Agra-Mathura area; he was killed by against the Britishí; he was sentenced the advancing British troops in one to death and shot dead in 1857. of their attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Ally: Belonged to Wuzeerpoora 26 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Aman Beg: Resident of Lucknow, the Amani Singh: Hailed from distt. Aligarh, Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Pradesh). He was killed during the rebels of his area during the Uprising ìQuit Indiaî movement when the of 1857 and also encouraged others procession in which he participated to take part in resisting the firangi- in Aligarh was fired upon by the hukumat (British rule) ; he fought the police in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/ British forces in different 42, NAI; BCA, p. 135] engagements in the Lucknow region; he was killed by the British army in Amar Singh: Hailed from the Garhwal a confrontation at Bailley Guard, Division, the United Provinces (now Lucknow, in November 1857. Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty (1858), UPSAL] to the Indian National Army in 1942 and served it as Sepoy in the 3rd Aman Singh: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Infantry Battalion; while fighting Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in against the Allied forces in Burma Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with (now Myanmar) he was killed on the the rebels in their fighting against the battle ground in 1944. [INA Papers, British during the Uprising of 1857, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA (1945), NAI; and also incited others to challenge WWIM, II, p.7] the British rule; he died while confronting the British army in the Amar Singh: Resident of Thana Bhavan, battle of Chinhat, Lucknow, on 20 June Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; p.84] part in the fighting against the British during the Uprising of 1857, and Amanatullah Khan: Resident of incited others to take part in the Moradabad, the North-Western struggle; he was captured by the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took British troops while defending his a leading part in organizing the rebel area against a British attack; he was forces in the course of the Uprising executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny of 1857; he also provided financial Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) support to the rebels of his region NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, for meeting their military expenses; p.9] he was captured by the British during their re-occupation of the Amar Singh: Resident of v. Khar, distt. Moradabad area in April 1858, and Meerut, the United Provinces (now executed by hanging on 27 April Uttar Pradesh). Previously he was a 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. soldier in the 7/8 Punjab Regimnet (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; of the British-Indian Army. Later he WWIM, III, p.9] volunteered his services to the Indian Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 27

National Army in 1942 and joined it Ambika Singh: Belonged to distt. as soldier in the 3rd Guerrilla Azamgarh, the United Provinces Regiment. While taking part in the (now Uttar Pradesh). He was a battle against Allied forces in Burma school student and took active part (Myanmar), he died in action possibly in the demonstrations during the in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, Civil Disobedience movement. For NAI; WWIM, II, p.7] his agitational activities, he was arrested and sent to the district jail. Amar Singh: Resident of v. Kharkar, p.o. On 7 September 1930 the jail Kanina, distt. Meerut, the United authorities brutally tortured him and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). also subjected him to hard labour. Earlier he served the 7/8 Punjab When he started vomiting blood, Regiment of the British-Indian Army. Ambika Singh was hurriedly He joined Indian National Army on released to die soon thereafter. [H/ the call of Netaji and fought in Burma Poll, F.No. 23/58/1930, NAI; SSKS, (Myanmar) where he was killed in vol. 27, p.] action in 1944. [INA Papers, No 1/ INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 652-53] Ameen Ali: Born in Jalalabad, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Amar Singh: Resident of v. Tikri, distt. Pradesh); cultivator; along with his Meerut, the United Provinces (now village fellows, he refused to oblige Uttar Pradesh). He was formerly a the British forces with the supply of Sepoy in the Hyderabad Regiment of rasad (provisions) at Jalalabad during the British-Indian Army. the Uprising of 1857; he was caught Volunteering his services to the by the British troops for this and Indian National Army, he left the hanged in November 1857; his entire British Army and joined the INAís village was also looted by the British. 4th Guerrilla Regiment as Naik. He [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny was killed in action on the Imphal Basta, UPRAA] front in 1944. [INA Papers, No 1/ INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 646-47 WWIM, Ameer Ali: Resident of Ayodhya, II, p.7] Faizabad, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); took Amar: Born in the Oudh [Awadh] part in the Uprising of 1857 in his Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he region soon after its outbreak; he was a Jagirdar of Adampur and fought against the British forces on Baranpur Leduka; took a leading part various occasions under the in fighting the British soon after leadership of Baba Ram Charan Das, joining the rebel forces; he was the priest of Hanumangarhi Temple; caught by the British troops and he was captured by the British troops hanged in 1858 [Mutiny Records, during an engagement, and hanged Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- from a tree in 1858. [Mutiny Records, 59), UPSAL] Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- 28 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.9] Lucknow city; he fought against the British at several places in Lucknow; Ameer Chand: Resident of Allahabad, he was caught by the British army the North-Western Provinces (now and hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Lucknow, in June 1857. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought against Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, the British forces at several places in UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) the Allahabad-Fatehpur region; he Oudh (1857), UPSAL] also incited the local people to raise their arms against the firangis (British) Ameer/Amar Singh: Resident of v. and kill them; he was caught by the Digar/Dinara, p.o. Beiraro, distt. British during their raids on the Almora, Kumaon Division, United Allahabad area, and charged with Provinces (now Uttarakhand); s/o ësedition and rebellion against the Dev Singh; completed primary Britishí; he was sentenced to death education; employed in a local with confiscation of property in 1859 factory; participated in the ìQuit and executed by hanging in 1860. Indiaî movement in 1942; while [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny taking part in a procession that the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 police surrounded and fired upon, (IX) (1858), MSAB] Amar was severely injured in the firing and died on the spot. [PCJ Ameer Khan: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, Pradesh; Pathan; he was a Naick 157 (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, p.9: SSKS, [Naik] in the Permanent Armed KD: p.2; BSAS: p.130] Guards at the Agra Central Prison; when he was deputed at Ameeroodeen: Born in Agra, the North- Bulandshahar on escort duty, left the Western Provinces (now Uttar British service in June 1857 to Pradesh); Shaikh; he was a Sowar participate in the Uprising of 1857. [Sawar] in the Armed Guards Along with the other rebels, he Contingent at the Agra Central marched towards Delhi and joined Prison; he left the British service in the fighting against the British; he June 1857 to join the Uprising of 1857. died while resisting the advancing Along with his counterparts, he British army in the Delhi region in marched towards Delhi and fought September 1857. [Mutiny Records, against the British; he died while Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny resisting the advancing British army Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] in the Delhi region in September 1857. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Ameer Khan: Resident of Faizabad, the Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in No. 57, NAI] Uttar Pradesh); he joined the fighting against the British during the Amin Alam Khan, Hafiz-ul-Umer: Born Uprising of 1857 and marched into in 1794 in Tonk State (now distt Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 29

Tonk), the Rajputana agency (now the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Rajasthan); son of Mumtazudalla and with the rebels in fighting the British uncle of the Tonk Nawab; well- forces; he also incited the local people educated in Urdu and Persian; to attack the British and plunder their Jagirdar; with the help of Mohammed properties; he was caught by the Muneer Khan (Prince of Tonk State) British troops in the course of their and Azimulla Khan, he organised the raids on the Allahabad region, revolt of the Tonk State Army against convicted on the charges of ërobbery the Tonk Nawab and the British; and rebellion against the Britishí; summoned the troops from sentenced to death in July 1857, and Neemuch, formed a column of one executed by hanging. [Mutiny thousand rebel soldiers at Tonk and Records, PP, Further Paper No.1] marched with the rebel troops to Delhi; fought the British forces at Amir Dar: Born in 1908 in distt. several places there and returned to Islamabad (Anantnag), Jammu and Tonk after the defeat of the rebels; Kashmir; s/o Aziz Mir. He actively he was killed in a skirmish with the participated in the political Nawabís officers in Tonk in movement for responsible December 1858. [F/Poll, F.No. 12, government in Jammu and Kashmir. 1857, NAI; WWIM, III, p.7; RSG, p.91; A participant in the rally to protest Sujas, No 4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, against the autocratic Maharaja at p.80] Pulwama (Anantnag) in February 1934, he was killed on the spot in the Amin Khan: Born in Bareilly, Uttar State Armyís firing on the rallyists. Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, under the leadership of Khan Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.173; WWIM, Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader of II, p.69; HMKJAMH, p.324] the Rohilkhand region), and fought against the British forces during the Amir Hasan Qissa Khwan: Belonged to Uprising of 1857; he was captured by Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) the advancing British army in the Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he course of an engagement, and joined the Uprising of 1857 and executed by hanging in 1860 at played a leading role in organizing Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Mutiny the rebel forces of his region; he also Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), led the rebels in attacking the British NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, authorities and their establishments pp.68.69] in Lucknow; he was killed while fighting against the British army near Amir Chand: Belonged to Allahabad, Machchi Bhawan, Lucknow in 1858. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Pradesh); he was a Jemadar Basta, UPRAA] [Jamadar] in the police under the British authorities, but left it during Amir Sheikh: Born in 1902 in v. Chawa 30 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Kalan, distt. Islamabad (Anantnag), day at the age of 27. [File No. V, 8; Jammu and Kashmir; s/o MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; The Hindu, Mohammad Sheikh. He took active 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88-89; KFFF, part in the political movement for pp.373-9; FSK, p.48] responsible government in Jammu and Kashmir. Being a participant in Amir-ud-din Makai: Born in 1895 in a protest rally organized against the distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; despotic rule of the Maharaja at s/o Rasul Joo Makai. As a committed Pulwama in Anantnag district in political worker, he actively took part February 1934, he was hit in the State in the political movement for Armyís firing on the procession, and responsible government in Jammu died on the spot. [File No. V, 8; and Kashmir State. He was shot dead MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, by the State Army personnel at p.299; HMKJAMH, p.329] Dumba-Kadal in Srinagar in 1931 for his leading role in agitations against Amir-ud-din Jandaguro: Resident of the Maharajaís autocratic rule. [File Mohallah, Gunjwara, distt. Srinagar, No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Jammu and Kashmir. Joining the WWIM, II, p.180; HMKJAMH, p.326] political movement for responsible government in Jammu and Kashmir Amir-ud-din Makai: Resident of State, he took part in the Mohallah Nawa Kadal, distt. Srinagar, demonstration outside the Central Jammu and Kashmir. Participating in Jail in Srinagar to protest against the the political movement for responsi- detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan ble government in Jammu and (arrested on 25 June 1931) ñ a Kashmir State, he joined the prominent leader of the agitation. demonstration outside the Central When the demonstrators waited Jail in Srinagar to protest against the outside the jail, five of them were detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan suddenly arrested by the police at the (arrested on 25 June 1931), a instance of the Governor Trilok prominent leader of the campaign. Chand. The arrests so infuriated the When the demonstrators waited demonstrators that they started outside the jail, five of them were raising anti-government slogans, arrested without provocation by the demanded the immediate release of police, at the instruction of the their leader, and also sought the Governor Trilok Chand. The arrests permission for watching the so infuriated the demonstrators that proceedings of the trial. Instead of they began to raise anti-government giving permission, the Governor slogans, demanded the immediate ordered the police to open fire on release of their leader, and also them. In the police firing on 13 July sought the permission for watching 1931 Amir-ud-din Jandaguro the proceedings of the trial. Instead received fatal bullet wounds and of giving permission, the Governor succumbed to his injuries on that very ordered the police to open fire on Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 31

them. In the police firing Amir-ud- 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- din Makai was killed on the spot on Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty 13 July 1931at the age of 35. [File No. to the Indian National Army in 1942 V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; GCR, and posted as Naik in the Ist Bahadur c.f. FSK, pp. 48, 73; The Hindu, 28 July Group; he was killed while fighting 1931; AC, pp.88-89; KFFF, pp.373-9] against the British forces in Burma (now Myanmar) in 1945. [INA Ammerrooddeen: Belonged to Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA Furruckabad [Farrukhabad], the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.8] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the fighting against Amrudh Singh: Resident of Jhansi State, the British during the Uprising of Bundelkhand Agency, Central India 1857 in the Farrukhabad region; he (now Uttar Pradesh); inspired by also provided financial assistance to Rani Lakshmi Bai during the his rebellious neighbours for Uprising of 1857, he joined the rebel attacking the British establishments; forces in Jhansi and participated in he was caught by the British in 1859 attacking and destroying the British and sentenced to death on the establishments in Jhansi and its charges of ëaiding and abetting the neighbourhood; when the British rebellion against the Britishí, his later returned to re-occupy Jhansi in property was also confiscated. March 1858, Amrudh Shah joined the [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl fight for the defence of Jhansi; in the Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll course of the battle he was caught Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] by the enemy, charged with ërebellion against the Britishí, and Amoor: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar executed in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll of his area soon after the outbreak Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] of the 1857 Uprising; along with his fellows, he marched towards Delhi Anand Singh: Resident of the Garhwal while fighting against the British Division, the United Provinces (now forces; he escaped to his region after Uttarakhand); he was a Havildar the British reoccupation of Delhi in [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles September 1857 and died in 1858 of the British-Indian Army; he left while confronting the advancing the British service in 1942 and joined British army in the Bareilly region. the Indian National Army as an [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Poll), Officer in its 3rd Infantry Battalion; NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, while fighting against the British Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] forces in Burma (now Myanmar) he was killed in the battle field in 1945. Amre Pun: Belonged to the Garhwal [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/ Division, the United Provinces (now INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.9] Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the 32 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Anandi: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh the Indian National Army he was a [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar soldier of the British-Indian Armyís Pradesh); he took part in the in the 7/8 Punjab Regiment. After his resistance against the firangi-hukumat joining the Indian National Army in (British rule) during the Uprising 1942 as a soldier in the 3rd Guerrilla 1857 and fought the British forces in Regiment, he was deployed on different engagements; he was killed Burma (Myanmar) front against the by the British army in the midst of British forces. He participated in the an encounter at Bailley Guard, campaigns against them and lost his Lucknow, in November 1857. life while fighting in 1944. [INA [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh II, p.10] (1858), UPSAL] Anant Singh: Belonged to Banpur State, Anant Kanhere: Born in 1891, resident Madhya Pradesh; organized the rebel of Indore, the Central India Agency troops of thousands and took a (now Madhya Pradesh); while leading role in the Uprising of 1857 studying Sanskrit in Aurangbad he against the British forces; confronted joined the revolutionary organisa- the British army under Hugh Rose tion, Abhinava Bharat, and become its (who defeated Rani Lakshmi Bai) at leading member; played a pivotal Barodia on 31 January 1858; role in setting up branches of valorously sacrificed his life along Abhinava Bharat in Nasik, Poona, with a large number of his soldiers Bombay, Yeola; he and his comrades in this battle. [Mutiny Papers, I, decided in Aurangabad in 1909 to NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) strike terror in the minds of the (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p.10] British rulers by assassinating one of their prominent officials; on 21 Anees Allee: Resident of Goruckpore December 1909, when A.M.T. [Gorakhpur], the North-Western Jackson, ICS, Collector of Nasik, was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o attending his own farewell party at Gulbuhur (mother); he was a Trooper a theatre in Nasik, Anant shot him at in the 10th Light Carvalry of the a point blank range with his pistol. British-Indian army, serving at In connection with this killing he was Farrukhabad; he left the British arrested, tried and sentenced to service during the Uprising of 1857, death. He was hanged on 19 April and joined the rebels in fighting 1910 in the Thana Jail. [F/Poll, F.No. against the British, he also incited (FR) 29/04/1930, NAI; EISF, p.116] other Sepoys of the British army to join the Rising; in the midst of an Anant Ram: Belonged to v. Nayana, engagement he was caught by the distt. Bulandshar, the United British troops and executed by Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). hanging in June 1858. [Mutiny Before volunteering his services to Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 33

NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, again in 1913-1916, to collectively Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] refuse to cultivate lands and to threaten a mass migration to the Anga Singh: Resident of Kanpur, the neighboring areas. The Bijolia North-Western Provinces (now Uttar agrarian movement received a Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his further thrust when it was linked up region during the Uprising of 1857, with the national movement by an and fought against the British at ex-revolutionary, Vijay (Bijoy) Singh various places in Kanpur; he also ìPathikî, and his associate, Manikya incited the local people to attack Lal Verma (who later became the firangis (British); he died while Chief Minister of Rajasthan) of resisting the advancing British army Udaipur, and both of whom led a in the Kanpur region in 1857. [Mutiny ìno-taxî campaign in Bijolia in 1916. Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, Hundreds of peasants, including UPRAA; PP, Further Papers (Mutiny) Anjaan, were arrested, detained and No. 1; TIM, p.103] severely tortured by the Jail authorities in Bijolia. Anjaan, Dhuni, Angadu Singh: Born at v. Sarakhpur, Krishan Meena and Shribhagwan Jownpore [Jaunpur], the North- could not bear these inhuman feudal Western Provinces (now Uttar tortures and died in detention. Pradesh); Zamindar; he took part in [BKAI, pp.100-11; TR, 31 May 1925, the Uprising of 1857 and fought the RSAB] British at different places in the Jaunpur region; he was captured by Ansu: Resident of Jagdalpur area in the British during their attacks on the Bastar State (now in Chhattisgarh); rebel forces and charged with took part in the Adivasi (tribal) ëmurder and rebellion against the Bhumkal ñ revolt of 1910 in the Britishí; he was sentenced to death Jagdalpur region of Bastar against the and executed by hanging in 1858 near feudal and colonial exploitation, and a village in Jaunpur. [Mutiny the tribesí anxiety for maintaining Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, their distinct ways of life. On 16 UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.10] February 1910, following the direct confrontation (Indrawati-ford battle) Anjaan: Belonged to v. Kharipur in between the rebels and the British Udaipur (Mewar) State (now in distt. where many people died on the rebel Bhilwara), Rajputana Agency (now side, Ansu and few others escaped Rajasthan). With thousands of kisans, from the scene and rallied round the he actively participated in the neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar peasant movement in the Bijolia Jagir villages. ìOn the night of 25th where 86 irregular cesses were February, the combined forces imposed on cultivators by the surrounded the Ulnar hill on which Thikanedars. The exorbitant exactions the men of Netanar village [the led the Bijolia peasants in 1905, and rebels] were supposed to be 34 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

encamped. The movement was well Lucknow in November 1857. [Mutiny executed, and all the aboriginals Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, [tribals] were captured....î Ansu was UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh one among those who had been (1858), UPSAL] arrested, charged with ìwaging war against the crownî, and tried along Anwar: Born in Aligarh, the North- with others between 13 March and Western Provinces (now Uttar 28 April 1910 (known as the Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Jagdalpur Trial). Seventy eight of the and fought the British during the rebels, including Ansu, were Uprising of 1857; he also encouraged detained in Bastar Jail and later in others to attack and kill the British; June 1910 they were shifted to the he was caught by the British at the Raipur Central Jail, where he died time of their attacks on the rebels in (before 7 November 1910) suffering Aligarh, and charged with ësedition, ill-treatment and tortures by the jail murder and rebellion against the authorities. [F/Poll (Confidential), Britishí; he was sentenced to death Nos 60, 29 of 1910, NAI; Jail Records, in 1858 with confiscation of his Central Jail, Raipur, List of Bastar property; he was executed by Prisoners, cf HTPB, pp.245-57] hanging. [Mutiny Records, Proc. F/ Deptt. (Judl), NWP, Vol. 74 (1858), Anushuya Prasad Bahuguna: Resident UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) of Chamoli, Garhwal Division, the (1858), MSAB] United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); played an active role Aran Nathu: Resident of Sausar, distt. in organizing the ìQuit Indiaî Chhindwara, Central Provinces and movement in Chamoli district in 1942, Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o arrested for his anti-British activities Laxman Gusain; tailor master. On 4 and sentenced to rigorous February 1932 he was sentenced to imprisonment, suffered so much six monthsí rigorous imprisonment physical and mental tortures in jail under Section 4 of Ordinance V of that he died soon after his release. 1932 on charges of his involvement [H/Poll, F. Nos.3/16/42, 3/30/42, in the Civil Disobedience movement NAI; SSKS, GD, pp. 1-2; BSAS, p.137] in the province. He also played a major role in the ìQuit Indiaî Anwar Khan: Resident of Lucknow, the movement in the province in 1942. Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar He was arrested and imprisoned in Pradesh); he took part in the armed the Chhindwara and Amravati struggle against the firangi-hukumat District Jail, and died in detention. (British rule) during the Uprising of [H/Poll (FR), F.Nos. 18/8/1942, 18/ 1857 and fought the British forces in 9/1942, NAI; FFMPC, I, p.117] different engagements; he was killed by the British army in the course of a Arjan Ram: Born in v. Bahadra, Bikaner confrontation at Bailey Guard, State, (now distt. Bikaner), Rajputana Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 35

Agency (now Rajasthan state); served [Awadh] Province (now Uttar as Sepoy in the 7/6 Rajpur Regiment Pradesh); he participated in Uprising of the British-Indian Army; switched of 1857 and also incited his neighours over to the Indian National Army in in undermining the symbols of 1942; joined as an officer in its 1st British authority; caught by the Bahadur Group; fought against the British and put on trial on the charges British on the Burma (now Myanmar) of ësedition and rebellion against the front and died in action in 1944. [PCJ British authorityí, he was sentenced Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, in 1858 to the transportation for life 157 (PA), NAI; MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, with confiscation of property. He p.30] died in detention in 1859 in the course of his transportation. [Mutiny Arjan Singh: Resident of v. Bahdara, Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) p.o. Chhanir, Bikaner State, (now Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] distt. Bikaner) Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); he was a Sepoy in Arjunsingh Dangi: Resident of Saugar the 7/6 Rajputana Rifles of the (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he took British-Indian Army; he shifted his part in the Uprising of 1857 and loyalty to the Indian National Army fought the British forces in his area; in 1942 and joined its 1st Bahadur he was caught by the British during Group as Sub-officer, deputed to the an engagement and executed by battle fields in Burma (now hanging on 14 July 1857. [Mutiny Myanmar) to confront the British Records, Poll. Deptt. F. No. 16 (1857), forces, he died in action in Burma in MPSAB] 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos.460/INA, 12/INA, 464/INA, NAI; ROH, p.651] Asad Ali Khan: Resident of Moradabad, the NWP Provinces (now Uttar Arjor Singh: Hailing from Jalaun, Jhansi Pradesh); he took a leading part in State (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the the Uprising against the British rule rebel forces during the Uprising of in 1857; he provided financial support 1857 and took part in attacking and to the rebel forces and organised destroying the British establishments their compaigns; he also encouraged in Jhansi and its neighboring areas other people to raise their arms for during 1857 ñ 1858; at the time of the overthrowing the British rule; he was British recovery of Jhansi in 1858, he captured by the British following was captured by them; accused of their re-occupation of the ëtaking part in rebellion against the Moradabad area in 1858; charged British,í he was sentenced to death with ësedition, aiding and abetting in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi the rebellioní; he was executed by Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, hanging at Moradabad in 1858. Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Arjun Singh: Resident of the Oudh Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] 36 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Asad Wani: Born in 1902 in v. Ashkan- J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.301; pora, distt. Baramulla, Jammu and WWIM, II, p.98] Kashmir; s/o Munawwar Wani. A farmer, he actively participated in the Asghar Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the political movement for responsible Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar government in Jammu and Kashmir. Pradesh); he joined hands with the He joined a demonstration at rebel forces during the Uprising of Hindwara in Baramulla district in 1857 and led the rebels in attacking February 1932 for protesting against the British authorities and their the Maharajaís autocracy in the State. establishments in Lucknow; he died He was killed when the State Army while fighting against the British army confronted the demonstrators and at Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, fired upon them. [File No. IV, 8; Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p. 347; HMKJAMH, p.330] Asghur Ali Khan: Belonged to Furruckabad [Farrukhabad], the Asadullah Gaffar Butt: Born in 1906 in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces s/o Samad Khan. He took part in the and led them against the British political movement for responsible during the Uprising of 1857 in parts government in Jammu and Kashmir of Farruckhabad district; he also State. He joined a demonstration in provided arms and ammunition to its support near the Jama Masjid in the rebels fighting in the nearby Srinagar in July 1931. When the areas; he was caught by the British demonstrators were fired upon by authorities and put on trial on the the State Army soldiers, he lost his charges of ëaiding and being a leader life in the firing. [File No. VI, 13; of the rebellioní; he was sentenced MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; to death in February 1859. [Mutiny HMKJAMH, p.324] Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Asadullah Gilkar: Born in 1906 in distt. Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Ghaffar Butt Gilkar. He was a mason Asghuri Begum: Born in 1811, at Thana by profession and a devoted political Bhavan, Muzaffarnagar, the North- worker in the movement for Western Provinces (now in Uttar responsible government in Jammu Pradesh; m/o Qazi Abdul Ruheem and Kashmir. He played significant Khan, one of the rebel leaders in role in organizing a protest rally near Thana Bhavan; she participated in the Jama Masjid in Srinagar in 1931. He local resistance against the British received grave bullet injuries when forces during the Uprising of 1857; the State Army soldiers suddenly she was caught by the British when opened fire on the rally and died on they marched into Muzaffarnagar the spot. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, and burnt alive in 1858. [Mutiny Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 37

Records, Muzaffarnagar Mutiny suggested to him that the leader of Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 his party, Ramprasad Bismil, was a (VII) (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p.11] Hindu striving for a Hindu Raj with no place for Muslims, Ashfaqullah Asha Devi: Born in. 1829 in a village in replied: ìRam Prasad is not a Hindu Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western to me, he is a Hindustani. Not Hindu Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); she freedom but Hindustanís freedom is took part in the armed struggle his objectiveî. He took part in the against the British during the revolutionary raids at Shergunj, Uprising of 1857; she was captured Bichpuri and other places, led by by the British forces in one of their Ramprasad Bismil, to raise funds for attacks on the Muzaffarnagar rebels, the cause of the party. Though not in and executed on the gallows in 1858. favour personally of attracting the [Mutiny Records, Muzaffarnagar police attention through such raids, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, and preferred to lay stress on the Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB; WWIM, mobilisational aspects of the III, p.11] revolutionary movement, he had no hesitation in joining the majority of Ashfaqullah Khan: Born in a wealthy his partyís deciding on the fund- and educated Muslim family in 1900 raising ìpolitical dacoityî at Kakori at Shahjahanpur, the United (well-known as Kakori Train Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Dacoity). He was one among the was well-known for his physical leading figures who executed the strength, handsome appearance and plan of the Kakori train robbery on 9 good manners. Steadfastly secular, he August 1925. He went underground was intensely patriotic and had been in September 1925 after the incident, involved in nationalist activities from absconded for some time and his school days. When Gandhiji planned to go to Russia via launched the Non-Co-operation Afghanistan. Betrayed by a friend movement he gave up his studies and and caught in December 1925 by the joined it. Actively participating in a police in Delhi, he was tried in the revolutionary organisation called Sessionís Court, Lucknow, Matrivedi Sanstha, he joined the (Supplementary Kakori Conspiracy revolutionary movement and became Case) and sentenced to death on 13 a member of the Hindustan July 1927. Ashfaqullah was kept Republican Association (HRA) ñ imprisoned in Faizabad Jail and founded by another great hanged there on 19 December 1927. revolutionary, Sachindranath Sanyal. [H/Poll, F.No. 253 of 1925; H/Poll, Ashfaqullah Khan, a poetic mind, F.No. 53 & KW/1927 (Judgement); came in contact with a poetical H/Judl, F.No.855/1927 (Proc.), NAI; Ramprasad Bismil and became his TLD, pp.167, 77, 200; MOMI, pp. 67- trusted revolutionary comrade. 68; SSG, 4, Shahidnama, pp.42-44; IR, When it was mischievously 4, pp.34-43] 38 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Asuf Khan: Hailed from Allygurh Jainpur, p.o. Jani, distt. Meerut, the [Aligarh], the North-Western United Provinces (now Uttar Provinces (now uttar pradesh); he Pradesh). He was earlier in the Hong participated in the Uprising of 1857 Kong-Singapore Royal Artillery of and fought against the British in the the British-Indian Army as a Jamadar. Aligarh region; he marched He decided to desert the earlier thereafter to Delhi, joined hands with posting and joined the Indian the rebels there and fought the National Army. He was killed in the British troops; he died while Allied-forcesí air-strike on the Imphal confronting the advancing British front while serving his regiment as forces in Delhi in September 1857. Lieutenant in 1944. [INA Papers, No [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp.646-47 WWIM, Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), II, p.4] MSAB] Audan Singh: Born in 1887 in v. Gautam Atar Singh: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Kheda, distt. Rai Bareli, the United Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Pradesh); he fought the British forces Ballu Singh. When the police of at several places in Lucknow during Saraini thana arrested a local young the Uprising of 1857; he also incited Congress worker during the ìQuit others to attack and plunder the Indiaî movement, the people British properties; he died while spontaneously demonstrated and confronting the British army at rushed towards the police station for Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 1858. obtaining his release. The police then [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny fired upon the demonstrators Basta, UPRAA] without warning, killing Audan Singh on 18 August 1942. [H/Poll, Atiqullah Makhdoomi: Born 1910 in F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 8, p. Fa; distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; WWIM, II, p.1; BCA, p.117] s/o Ahad Shah; student. He took part in the political movement for Audesh Singh: Resident of v. Kurhul, responsible government in Jammu Mynpooree [Mainpuri], the North- and Kashmir State under the Western Provinces (now Uttar leadership of the National Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Jemadar Conference. He was killed in the State [Jamadar] in the Contingent Guards armyís firing while participating in a of the Agra Central Prison; he demonstration against the autocratic deserted with his arms on 23 June rule at the Khankah-i-Mualla in 1857 to join the rebel forces during Srinagar in 1946. [File No. IV, 8; the Uprising of 1857; he moved MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, towards Delhi with others and p.14; EBIFF, Vol.1, p. 39] fought against the British troops; he was killed in 1857 in an encounter Attal Singh: Resident of v. Shahpur- with the British army. [Mutiny Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 39

Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Uprising of 1857; he took part in UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) fighting the British at various places (1858), MSAB] in the Allahabad region and also incited the people to raise their arms Auga Jan: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar against the British rule; he was Pradesh; Mughal; he was a Jemadar caught by the British troops during [Jamadar] in the Armed Guards their raids on the Allahabad area, and Contingent at the Agra Central convicted on the charges of ërobbery Prison; he left the British service in and rebellion against the Britishí; he June 1857 to participate in the was sentenced to death in July 1857 Uprising of 1857. Along with others, executed by hanging. [Parliamentary he marched towards Delhi and joined Papers, Further Paper (Mutiny) No.1; the rebelsí fighting against the TIM, p.209] British; he died while resisting the advancing British army in the Delhi Autar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal region in September 1857. [Mutiny Division, the United Provinces (now Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, File Sl. Uttarakhand); he was earlier a Soldier No. 69, UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the No. 57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 British-Indian Army but shifted his (V) (1858), MSAB] loyalty to the Indian National Army in 1942; he served the INA as Lance- Aurood: Belonged to Jhansee [Jhansi], Naik in the 3rd Infantry Battalion; he the North-Western Provinces (now fought against the British forces and Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel died on the battle ground at Mitha forces in fighting against the British Haka, Burma (now Myanmar) in during the 1857 Uprising; he also 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, participated in plundering the British 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, properties and passing on the p.15] proceeds to the rebels for meeting military expenses; captured by the Avadhoot Singh: Belonged to British army when it faced the rebels Babhanganwan, the North-Western in 1858, he was put to death in 1859 Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he on the charges of plundering, joined hands with the rebels of the murder and rebellion against the Amorha state (now in distt. Basti) Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi during the Uprising of 1857, and Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, fought the British forces at several Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] places; he was caught by the British at the time of their attacks on the Aushruf Alee: Belonged to Allahabad, Amorha state, and executed by the North-Western Provinces (now hanging from a ëPipal Treeí in 1858. Uttar Pradesh); he was Chuprasee [Mutiny Records, Monument of [Chaprasi] under the British authority, Chhawani, cited in LL1857, pp.20-26] but left it and participated in the 40 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Avtar Misr: Hailed from Jaunpur, the duties near Indo-Burma border in North-Western Provinces (now uttar 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.379/INA pradesh); s/o Sardar; joining the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.18] Revolt of 1857, he took part in a skirmish with the Tehsildarís troops Ayodhy Persad: Born in Etawah, the at Sonth, Jaunpur, on 20 March 1858 North-Western Provinces (now uttar along with his associates; he was pradesh); he joined the rebel forces captured on the same day and put of his area during the Uprising of on trial for fighting on the side of 1857, and fought against the British the rebels; he received death sentence at several places in Etawah; he also and was hanged on 29 March 1858. offered financial support to other [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny, rebels and encouraged them to attack Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 the British establishments; he was (III) (1858), MSAB] killed while confronting the advancing British army in Etawah in Avtar Singh: Resident of Futtehpore 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Etawah Mutiny [Fatehpur], the North-Western Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 Provinces (now uttar pradesh): he (VII) (1858), MSAB] joined hands with the rebel forces during the Uprising of 1857, and Ayodhya: Born in v. Khamrabhar, p.o. fought the British troops at various & ps. Kaptanganj, distt. Deoria, Uttar places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; Pradesh; s/o Ramkishan. He took he also provided financial support to part in a procession taken out in the local rebels and encouraged them connection with the ìQuit Indiaî to attack the British positions; he was movement in a village, Majhwa Tola, killed by the British in one of their Kaptanganj. When the procession raids on rebels in 1857. [Mutiny suddenly came under police firing, Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta Ayodhya recieved gun-shot and died (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] on the spot in 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/16/42, NAI; SSKS, 36, pp. 25, 26 & Awadh Jarnadhan: Resident of v. ka] Bahadara, p.o. Chhanir, Bikaner State (now distt. Bikaner), Rajputana Ayodhya: Hailed from Jaunpur, the Agency (now Rajasthan); he was North-Western Provinces (now uttar formerly a Havildar [Hawaldar] clerk pradesh); s/o Gur Dayal; he fought in the Supply and Maintenance Corps for the rebel forces in the Uprising of the British-Indian Army; later he of 1857 and participated in the changed his loyalties from the British looting of the Government treasury Colonial Army to the newly in the city; he was caught and tried established Indian National Army in for ëloot and attempt to murder a 1942 and served it as Head Clerk in thanedarí and subsequently the 3rd Guerrilla Regiment; he laid sentenced to death; he was executed down his life while performing his by hanging on 16 October 1857. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 41

[Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny, [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 Basta, UPRAA] (III) (1858), MSAB] Azeemullah: Resident of the North- Ayodhya: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] Western Provinces (now Uttar Province (now Uttar Pradesh); joined Pradesh); he participated in the hands with the anti-British forces Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged during the 1857 Uprising, and fought his neighbourhood to raise its arms against the British whenever their for overthrowing the British soldiers attacked this region; he was authorities; he marched towards caught by the British in the course of Delhi, joined the rebel forces there, an engagement and charged with and fought the British troops in ëmurder and rebellion against the different engagements; he was killed Britishí; he was sentenced to death while confronting the advancing and executed by hanging in 1858. British forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Ayub Khan: Resident of v. Nahr, distt. Poonch, Jammu State (now Jammu Azim Singh: Resident of teh. and Kashmir). He was earlier a Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. havildar [Hawaldar] in the 4/9 Jat Alwar), Rajputana Agency (now Regiment of the British-Indian Army Rajasthan); participated in a meeting but left it to join the Indian-National of the kisan agitators at Neemuchana Army in 1942. Soon after his induction on 14 May 1925 to remonstrate in the INA as Lieutenant in the 3rd against the Maharajaís oppressive Guerrilla Regiment, he fought the administration and his land British in several pitched battles on settlement policy of 1923-24. In this the Indo-Burma boarder and was settlement the Biswedari rights of the killed in action near Imphal Rajputs were forfeited and the land (Manipur), possibly in 1944. [INA revenue had been increased by fifty Papers, 1/INA, NAI; EBIFF, Vol.1, per cent. Though all agriculturists p.42; WWIM, II, p.16] were affected adversely by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing Azam Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the the news of the kisan gathering, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Maharaja sent his State Army to Uttar Pradesh); he participated the counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. Uprising of 1857, and also incited The troops surrounded the village, other people to raise their arms blocked all the exits from it and against the British; he fought at opened fire on the protesters without different places against the British any prior warning. Azim Singh was army and died in the battle of injured in the indiscriminate firing Chinhat, Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. and died. Simultaneously with this 42 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

assault, the village was also set on Muslim orphanage and was possibly fire by the State troops. [Alwar Judl, educated at the Kanpur Free School, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 where he learnt English and French. May, 14 June 1925; Newspapersí Teaching in the Government School Cuttings, Basta No 29, F.No. 2, for some time, he later became the Riyasat, 13 November 1936, RSAB; Vakeel or prime agent of Nana Sahib, PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, the adopted son of Peshwa Baji Rao 191 (PA), NAI] II. Rising thus from a humble origin to the position of Nana Sahib Peshwa Azimoodeen: Resident of Katra, Bahadurís spokesperson, Azimullah Allahabad, the North-Western went to England to plead for his Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he employerís pension case and stayed joined the rebels of his locality during there for over two years. Failed in the Uprising of 1857 and fought his mission and returned to India via against the British forces in Crimea and Constantinople after Allahabad; he also took part in seizing seeing ìthose great Roostums, the the British treasury and making use Russians, who have beaten the French of its contents to buy arms; he was and English togetherî, Azimullah caught by the British troops in one Khan propagated anti-British feelings of their raids on Allahabad, and among Indians and took an active charged with ëlooting and rebellion part in the 1857 uprising against the against the Britishí; he was executed British rule. As a confidant, he by hanging from a tree in 1857. advised Nana Sahib to lead the rebels [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny from Kanpur instead of going to Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Delhi. He himself played a prominent (IX) (1858), MSAB] role in organising the revolt of 1857 at Kanpur, toured the important Azimuddin: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the stations in Northern India and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar advocated Hindu-Muslim unity all Pradesh); he fought the British forces along. Despite some talk of his during the Uprising of 1857, and also having a hand in the Kanpur encouraged others to resist the Massacre, Azimullah outshone most British rule; he died while others in competently planning and confronting the British army at leading the outbreak, as well as in Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in trying hard to secure help from November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Turkey and Egypt against the Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. English. After the failure of the revolt, Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Azimullah Khan accompanied his master, Nana Sahib, to Nepal and Azimullah Khan: Born in 1834 probably died at Bhutwal (Nepal), in (probably), at Kanpur, North October 1859, following an illness. Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mil Deptt, F.Nos. 515 of October Pradesh). He was brought up in a 1857, 341-342 of 1857, 3 of 1857, NAI; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 43

MOMI, pp.15-16; WWIM, III, p.13] vociferous procession was moving on, the State military force intervened Aziz Shah: b. 1881; resident of to stop it. In the ensuing clash Malikgund, distt. Anantnag, Jammu between the two, the military force and Kashmir; s/o Sadiq Shah; suddenly opened indiscriminate Religious preacher; took active part firing on the rallyists in which Aziz in the political movement for Sofi alias Ali Waza was killed on the responsible government in Jammu spot at the age of 50. [File No. V, 8; and Kashmir State. Participated in a MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, procession, demonstrating against pp.409-10; EIBFF, I, p. 43; WWIM, II, the Maharajaís autocratic rule, at p. 16; HMKJAMH, p.323] Shopian on 21 September 1931 and was killed in the police firing on the Azizuddin: Resident of Lucknow, the same day. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.43; Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the WWIM, II, p.16] Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged others to raise their arms against the Aziz Shah: Born in 1881 in p.s. Shopian, British rule; he fought the British distt. Anantnag, Jammu and forces at different places in the Kashmir; s/o Sadiq Shah. He took Lucknow region and was killed by part in the widespread agitation the British army during an encounter against the Maharajaís despotic rule at Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in during the movement for responsible November 1857. [Mutiny Records, government in Jammu and Kashmir. Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. While participating in a protest rally Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] at Shopian in 1939, Aziz Shah was killed on the spot in the firing by the Azmutoollah: Born in Puthra, State police. [File No. I M.C., 8; Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJAH, Western Provinces (now Uttar p.323] Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 Aziz Sofi alias Ali Waza: Born in 1881 in and fought against the British; he distt. Anantnag, Jammu and provided financial support to the local Kashmir; s/o Siddiq Waza. When the rebels and also incited others to raise people of Islamabad observed a arms against the British for complete hartal on 23 September 1931 overthrowing their exploitative rule; to register their protest against the he was killed in the course of fighting arrest of Sheikh Mohammad with the British troops in 1858; his Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the property was confiscated thereafter. movement for responsible [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur, Mutiny government ñ he took part in the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 protest demonstration organized at (IX) (1858), MSAB] Shopian (Anantnag). While the 44 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

BB

Baba Bhagwan DasYadav: Resident of Maharaja at Rajouri in October 1931, v. Kurha Kasanahi, distt. Jaunpur, the he was killed when the State army United Provinces (now Uttar suddenly opened fire on the Pradesh). A political activist, he was protestors. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, arrested on the trumped up charge J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.181; of murder during the ìQuit Indiaî HMKJAMH, p. 327] movement. He died on the gallows in August 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/ Baboo Ram Deen: Resident of Jhansee 42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.379] [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he joined the anti-British forces in Jhansi during Babbu Ram: Born in 1922 in v. Auraiya, the 1857 Uprising; he fought the distt. Etawah, (now Uttar Pradesh); British troops at various places in s/o Shiv Din Prasutia. He took part Jhansi and its neighborhood; he was in a demonstration taken out in caught and imprisoned on the connection with the ìQuit Indiaî charges of ërebellion against the movement at Auraiya village on 12 Britishí; he died in detention in 1858. August 1942. The protesters had to [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl face police firing on that day in which Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll he received bullet wounds and died Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] subsequently. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/ 42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.16; BCA, p. 114] Baboo Ram: Resident of Jounpore [Jaunpur], the North-Western Bablu Malik: Resident of v. Darbal, distt. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); soon Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o after the outbreak of the Uprising of Pira Malik. He actively participated 1857 he joined the anti-British forces in the political movement for and fought throughout in the Jaunpur responsible government in Jammu region; he also incited others in and Kashmir State. Taking part in a Jaunpur to take up arms against the protest rally against the autocratic British rule; in course of the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 45

operation in this area, he was caught tion movement. He was arrested and and imprisoned on the charges of sent to Lucknow jail. Heavily ësedition and rebellioní against the tortured by the police, he died there British; he died in detention in 1858. in detention early in 1922. [H/poll [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll 36, p. 9] Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Babu Bhai: Hailed from Bundi (city) Baboo Singh: Hailed from Unnao, the State (now distt. Bundi), the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces carpenter; b/o Abdul Razzaq. During soon after the outbreak of the 1857 the Second World War the Maharaja Uprising; he marched towards Delhi of Bundi forcibly collected grains while fighting against the British from his subjects under the policy of forces; he escaped to his region after levy of grains for feeding the the British reoccupation of Delhi in soldiers. While soldiers were being September 1857; he died in 1858 while fed, the people suffered on account resisting the advancing British army of drought in the region. On 2 August in the Unnao region. [Mutiny 1942 a big crowd, including Babu Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, Bhai, gathered in the Bundi town to UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) protest against the Stateís levy of (1858), MSAB] grains. The police, who had been ordered to disperse the protesters, Baboo: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] resorted to lathi-charge. Babu Bhai Province (now Uttar Pradesh); took was severely injured in the lathi part in the fighting against the British charge and died on the same day. during the Uprising of 1857; he also [Sujas, No.4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, incited others to join hands with the p.65] rebels; he was caught by the British troops and sentenced to transporta- Babu Bhurji: Resident of Motilal Bagh, tion for life in 1858 on the charges of disst. Sitapur, the United Provinces rebellion against the Britishí; he died (now Uttar Pradesh). On 18 August in detention before his transporta- 1942 many people from various parts tion. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. of the district gathered in Motilal (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL; Bagh for taking part in a demonstra- Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), tion organized in connection with the MSAB] ìQuit Indiaî movement, Babu Bhurji also joined the gathering. Soon the Babu Awadh Narain: Resident of distt. policemen reached the location, lathi- Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. As a charged to disperse the crowd and Congress worker he took active part opened fire on them. He received in organizing the anti-British severe bullet injuries in this agitators during the Non-coopera- indiscriminate firing and succumbed 46 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

to these on that day. [H/poll F.No. As a political activist, he took an 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 16, pp. important part in organizing a protest pa & bha] demonstration at Madhuban on 15 August 1942 during the ìQuit Indiaî Babu Jai Ram: Resident of Lucknow, the movement, and against the police Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar raid on the local Congress office two Pradesh); he joined the Uprising of days earlier (13 August). When this 1857 and played a significant role in demonstration reached the organizing the rebel forces and in Madhuban Thana, it was fired upon, attacking the British authorities and killing Babu Ram Koeri on the spot. their establishments in Lucknow; he [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; died while resisting the British army RORCG; BCA, p. 126; WWIM, I, p.182] at Dargah Hazrat Abbas, Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Babu Ram: Belonged to v. Chirwahia, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Tola Shishhan, p.o. Maghi, ps. Nebua Naurangia, distt. Deoria, Uttar Babu Lal Kurmi: Hailed from v. Pradesh; s/o Parsad. He took part in Kuddaria, distt. Jaunpur, Uttar demonstrations during the ìQuit Pradesh. He actively participated in Indiaî movement in 1942 in Deoria. the sabotage programme during the He was killed when the ìQuit Indiaî movement. He was demonstration he participated was severely wounded in the firing of a fired upon by the police. [H/poll military patrol on 13 August 1942 F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, while trying to blow up a bridge on 36, pp. 25, 26 & Kha] the road between Machhlishahr and Badshahpurh. He was admitted in a Babhu Ram Sharma: Born in v. hospital at Pratapgarh where he died Akhtiyarpur, distt. Shahajahanpur, of his wounds. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/ the United Provinces Now Uttar 42, NAI: WWIM, I, p.16; BCA, p. 114] Pradesh), s/o Rameshwar Deyal. Being a dedicated Youth Congress Babu Rai Kahri: Born in distt. Deoria, worker, he was arrested by the the United Provinces (now Uttar British police on the charge of his Pradesh); s/o Thakur Singh. He was involvement in the Individual killed in the police firing while taking Satyagraha. He died in jail during his part in the demonstration during the imprisonment, probably in 1941. [H/ ìQuit Indiaî movement in August Poll, F.N. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 20, p. 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; ka] RORCG; WWIM, II, pp.136-137] Bachan Singh: Hailed from the Garhwal Babu Ram Koeri: Resident of v. Division, the United Provinces (now Chirahiyava Tola Kuthilva, distt. Uttarakhand); he was a Havildar Deoria, the United Provinces (now [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles Uttar Pradesh); s/o Dudhnath Koeri. of the British-Indian Army; he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 47

shifted his loyalty to the Indian Chaprasi in the revenue department; National Army in 1942 and served it he gave up the government job and as a Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 3rd joined hands with the rebel forces of Infantry Battalion; he died on the the 1857 Uprising; he was caught and battle ground while fighting against put on trial for his involvement in the the British forces at Yeu, Burma (now killing of a British official; he was Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, sentenced to capital punishment and F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA (1945), NAI; executed by hanging till death on 18 WWIM, II, p.17] November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Bachi Singh Bhandari: Resident of the Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); earlier Badal Khan: Resident of Banda, the he was a Lance-Naik in the 5/18 North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Garhwal Rifles of the British-Indian Pradesh); he participated in the Army but shifted his loyalty to the Uprising of 1857 and fought against Indian National Army in 1942; posted the British forces in the Banda region; as Lance-Naik in the 3rd Infantry he also provided financial support to Battalion, he fought against the Allied the local people and incited them to forces at Trawang, Burma (now raise their arms against the British Myanmar) where he was killed on and the pro-British faithfuls; he was the battle ground in 1944. [INA caught during an engagement with Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 221/INA, the advancing British troops in Banda, NAI; WWIM, II, p.33] and charged with ësedition and rebellion with violenceí, sentenced to Bachi Singh: Belonged to the Garhwal death with confiscation of property Division, the United Provinces (now in May 1858; he was executed by Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Records, Banda Mutiny, Basta, Indian Army; he left the British UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) service to join the Indian National (1858), MSAB] Army in 1942 and served it as a Lance-Naik in the 3rd Infantry Badal: Born in 1870 in v. Puretmoli, p.o. Battalion; he was killed while Majre Bela Bhela, distt. Rai Bareli, the fighting against the British forces at United Provinces (now Uttar Trawang, Burma (now Myanmar) in Pradesh). The police arrest of the 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, kisan leaders during the Non- 379/INA (1946),NAI; WWIM, II, Cooperation movement (1921) was p.17] deeply resented by the kisans of the district. Shouting slogans against the Badal Khan: Hailed from Jaunpur, the administration, thousands of them North-Western Provinces (now uttar gathered in Munshiganj for pradesh); s/o Manga Khan; he was a demanding their leadersí immediate 48 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

release. When the gathering [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western appeared to have turned hostile, the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); police opened fire on it, killed Badal Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. on the spot in 1921. [H/poll F.No. Company of the British-Indian army; 563/III/1922, NAI; SSKS, 8, p. ja] he left the British employment during the Uprising of 1857 and Badan Rai: Belonged to the Achalpur joined hands with the rebels for region, Madhya Pradesh; he took fighting against the British rule; he part in the Uprising of 1857 and was caught in 1858 while resisting the fought the British forces at several British forces, and sentenced to places in his area; he was caught by death on the charges of ëdesertion the British during their attack on the and mutiny against the British rebels and executed by hanging on 5 authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra April 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll. Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Deptt., Vol. No. 56 (1859), MSAB] Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Baddari: Belonged to Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Badloo: Born in Raipur, aroused by the Pradesh); he took part in the fighting speech that Hanuman Singh, against the British forces at several Magazine Lashkar in the British places in Lucknow during the Army (who assassinated Major Uprising of 1857, and also incited his Cidwel at his residence on 18 January neighbourhood to rise against the 1858) delivered before a sepoy British rule; he was killed in an audience on the same day; Badloo engagement with the British army at joined the rebel soldiers in Raipur; Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in involved in the killing of British army November 1857. [Mutiny Records, officers; with 16 other rebel soldiers, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. he was arrested by the British; tried, Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] convicted and sentenced to death; hanged in Raipur on 22 January 1858. Baddu Mahajan: Born in Jahanabad, [Parliamentary Papers, Further Madhya Pradesh; he joined hands Papers (Mutiny) No.4, 1857-58, NAI, with the rebels of his area during the CKI, 1740-1947, p.171] Uprising of 1857; he also provided financial support to the rebel forces Badlu Khan: Resident of Lucknow, the in his locality and encouraged them Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar to attack the British establishments; Pradesh); he took part in the he was caught by the advancing resistance against the British rule British army and hanged in 1858. during the Uprising of 1857 and [Mutiny Records, Poll. Deptt. Vol. fought the British forces at different No. 106 (1859), MSAB] locations; he was killed by the British army in an encounter at Bailley Badeo: Resident of Shahjehanpoor Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 49

[Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny that Motilal Tejawat had not found Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- (1858), UPSAL] 22 against forced labour and high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc Badlu: Born in Phelwa under Garhi Jagir (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March 1914; in Banswara State (now distt. Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; Banswara), Rajputana Agency (now BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 Rajasthan); took part in the Bhagat (referred in connection with the Bhil movement in southern Rajasthan incident)] that Govindgiri started in 1907, preaching monotheism among the Badre Ali: Born in 1808, Allahabad, the Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and United Provinces (now Uttar Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís Pradesh); participated in the Uprising socio-religious endeavour changed of 1857; he joined the rebel forces of into a politico-economic movement, Nawab Fazil Mohammad Khan of against the extraction of Begar (forced Ambapani to fight against the British labour) and exploitation of the Bhils forces in the Saugor region; caught by the petty officials of the by the British troops during their re- Dungarpur and Banswara States and occupation of Rahatgarh fort in Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). Badlu January 1858, he was charged with was one among those thousands of ërebellion against the British and Bhagat Bhils, who joined this aiding the rebellioní and executed by movement and warned the hanging at the front gate of the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers in Rahatgarh Fort on 29 January 1858. the first week of November 1913, [Mutiny Papers, Vol. V, NAIB; Poll either to remove the main grievance Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] of the Bhils, or to face the overthrowing of the Statesí authority Badri Datt: Resident of v. Koteshwar, to oppress and ill-treat them. The distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the militancy of the Bhils and their United Provinces (now gathering in Mangarh hill so Uttarakhand); s/o Hari Datt; he was unnerved the British that they sent in the service of the British-Indian their own troops along with those of Army as a Sepoy till 1942; thereafter the States to lay siege on Mangarh he shifted his loyalty to the Indian hill and disperse the gathering. On National Army by enrolling himself 17 November 1913 the combined as Sepoy in the 3/1 Guerrilla troops attacked the Bhil position and Regiment; he laid down his life while the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai fighting the British near the Indo- Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did Burma border in 1944. [INA Papers, not give up till many of them were F.No.403/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.18; injured, 900 captured and 25, EBIFF, I, p. 49] including Badlu, killed. The incident did awaken the tribesmen so much Badri Gaderiya: Hailed from v. Jogiya 50 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

distt. Gorakhpur, the United charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). On against the British authoritiesí. 23 August 1942 approximately 25000 [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny people gathered during the ìQuit Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP Indiaî movement in Doharia to (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. resolve to fight-against the British No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] rule and achieve their freedom. When the people came in direct Bagh Singh: Born in 1905, resident of v. confrontation with the administra- Chhani, distt. Almora, Kumaon tion and the situation went out of Division, United Provinces (now hands, the police opened fire on the Uttarakhand); s/o Kheem Singh; agitating satyagrahis and killed 11 became a member of Chanauda persons. Badri Gaderiya was among Gandhi Ashram and took an active those killed in the firing on the same part in the ìQuit Indiaî movement; day. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; while joining in a procession in RORCG; SSKS, 36, p. 2 & 26] Chanauda that was fired upon by the British forces, Bagh Singh was shot Badri Ram: Resident of v. Mehandpur, dead on the spot along with five Jaipur State (now distt. Jaipur), the other ashramites. [PCJ Papers, Acc. Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), enrolled as Sepoy in the 7/8 Punjab NAI; WWIM, I, p.19; SSKS, KD: p.3; Regiment of the British-Indian Army; BSAS: p. 129] left it in 1942 to join the Indian National Army and served as soldier Baghi Sangram Singh: Resident of v. in the 3rd Guerrilla Regiment; fought Navarhia, distt. Jaunpur, Uttar against the British forces on the Pradesh. He took part in the Burma (now Myanmar) front; he campaign against the British rule died in an encounter with the enemy during the ìQuit Indiaî movement in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.15 /INA in 1942. While participating in an anti- (1944), NAI; WWIM, II, p.18] British demonstration in Jaunpur he received severe bullet wounds in the Badul Khan: Resident of Soonth kee police firing and died. [H/Poll, F.No. Mundeo, Agra, the North-Western 3/30/42, NAI: WWIM, I, p.20] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Maiwatee [Mewati]; he was a Sepoy Baha Bhut: Resident of Cawnpore in the B. Company of the British- (Kanpur), the North-Western Indian army; he left the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); service during the Uprising of 1857 joined the anti-British rebel troops and joined hands with the rebels for during the Uprising of 1857; while taking part in fighting against the confronting the British attempts at re- British rule; he was caught in 1858 occupying Kanpur in the second half while resisting the advancing British of 1857, he was caught by the enemy forces, and sentenced to death on the and sentenced to death in December Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 51

1857 on charges of ërebellion against [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny, the Britishí; Baha was executed soon Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.I, thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur No.43B (1859), MSAB] Mutiny Basta, 1857, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) (1858), MSAB] Bahadoor Khan: Resident of Kotwali, Allahabad, North-Western Provinces Bahadoor Ally: Resident of Saugar (now Uttar Pradesh); he led the local (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he fought rebels and fought against the British against the British forces during the forces during the Uprising of 1857; Uprising of 1857; caught by the he also encouraged others to give British at the time of their counter- necessary support to the rebels in attacks on the rebels, he was their confrontation with the British; executed by hanging on 19 February he was caught in an engagement with 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll. Deptt. the British in the Allahabad region, Vol. III, No. 43D, MSAB] and charged with ësedition and rebellion against the Britishí, Bahadoor Jusso Singh: Belonged to sentenced to death and executed by Aligarh, the North-Western hanging in 1860. [Mutiny Records, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he PP, Further Paper No.8A] joined the rebel forces as soon as the Uprising of 1857 started in Aligarh; Bahadur Ali (Salar): Born in Lucknow, he fought against the British in the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Aligarh and its nearby areas before Uttar Pradesh); he joined the his capture by the British army; Uprising of 1857 and played a charged with ëplundering and significant role in organizing the rebellion against the Britishí, he was rebel forces of his region; he led the sentenced to death in August 1859. rebels in attacking the British [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl authorities and their establishments Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll at several places in Lucknow; he died Deptt, Vol.I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] while fighting against the British army at Mohammad Bagh, Lucknow Bahadoor Khan: Resident of Banda, the in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Pradesh); he provided arms and money to the local rebels during the Bahadur Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the Uprising of 1857, and incited them Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar to attack and kill the British; he was Pradesh); he took part in the caught by the advancing British Uprising of 1857 and led a group of troops while fighting in defence of rebels in attacking the British and Banda; charged with ëmurder, aiding their establishments in Lucknow on and instigating the rebellioní, and several occasions; he died while sentenced to death in September fighting against the British army in 1858, he was executed by hanging. Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, 52 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Bahadur Ali: Resident of v. Bhagohi, distt. Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; Bahadur Khan: Born in Lucknow, the s/o Nazar Gujar. He took an active Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar part in the political movement for Pradesh); he joined the resistance responsible government in Jammu against the British rule during the and Kashmir State. He participated Uprising of 1857 and fought the in a demonstration at Rajouri to British forces in different protest against the autocratic rule in engagements; he was killed by the the State in October 1931. When the British army in the course of an State army indiscriminately opened encounter at Bailley Guard, fire upon the demonstrators, Bahadur Lucknow, in November 1857. Ali was killed in the firing. [File No. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh WWIM, II, p.19; HMKJAMH, p. 323] (1858), UPSAL]

Bahadur Alley Khan: Resident of Bahadur Singh: Belonged to Futtehpore Faizabad, the Oudh [Awadh] [Fatehpur], the North-Western Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o joined hands with the rebel forces Thakur Vikram Singh (big during the Uprising of 1857 and landowner); joined the rebel forces proceeded to Lucknow; he fought under the Leadership of his cousin, against the British in a number of Thakur Daryao Singh, and fought engagements in Lucknow; he was against the British forces in the caught by the British army and Fatehpur and Banda regions during hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow, the Uprising of 1857; he was killed in June 1857. [Mutiny Records, while in action against the British in Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Banda in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1857), Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- UPSAL] 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.15]

Bahadur Khan: Born in Bareilly, Uttar Bahadur Singh: Born in 1890, resident Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces of v. Khumand Patti, distt. Almora, under the leadership of Khan Kumaon Division, United Provinces Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader of (now Uttarakhand); s/o Padam the Rohilkhand region), and took Singh; educated up to second part in attacking and fighting the standard; an agriculturalist; joined British at several places during the the Congress party and was actively 1857 Uprising; he was caught by the involved in the ìQuit Indiaî advancing British army in movement in Almora in 1942; he Rohilkhand and executed by hanging participated in a procession at in 1860 at Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Sumand Patti in Almora that was Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 53

fired upon by the British forces; he Bahadur Singh: Resident of the Central was killed on the spot along with 3 Provinces and Berar (now Madhya others. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Pradesh); took a leading role in the F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; anti-British Uprising of 1857 in the WWIM, I, p.20; SSKS, KD: p.3; BSAS: southern part of the Central Provinces p.129] and Berar (Mandla and Seoni districts); in the course of the tumult Bahadur Singh: Hailed from Jammu and he was caught by the British forces Kashmir State. He was formerly a and awarded capital punishment by Sepoy in the 2/17 Dogra Regiment hanging. [Mutiny Papers, III, NAIB; of the British-Indian Army. He left Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), his earlier appointment and MSAB; WWIM, V, III, p.15] voluntarily joined the Indian National Army as a soldier in the 2nd Bahadur Singh: Resident of v. Khaga, Guerrilla Regiment. He fought on the Futtehpure [Fatehpur], the North- Imphal front against the British army Western Provinces (now Uttar where he died on the battle ground, Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; possibly late in 1944. [INA Papers, F. Zamindar; he took a leading part in No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, p.661] the Uprising against the British rule in 1857; he participated in several Bahadur Singh: Hailed from Nimar, the engagements against the British Central India Agency (now Madhya forces under the leadership of Pradesh); joined the anti-British rebel Thakur Daryao Singh; he was killed forces of the Uprising of 1857; played during an encounter with the British a decisive role in fighting the British troops in 1858 at Taraunha, Banda. forces at Mandleshwar Battle in 1857; [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny captured and sentenced to Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA; WWIM, transportation for life, he died in III, p.117] detention. [Mutiny Papers, V, III, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Bahadur Singh: Resident of v. (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p.15] Malldanpat Patti, distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the United Bahadur Singh: Resident of distt. Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was Almora, Kumaon Division, the a Sepoy in the 2/9 Gurkha Regiment United Provinces (now of the British-Indian Army; he Uttarakhand); joined the the Indian shifted his loyalty to the Indian National Army in Malaya in 1942; he National Army in Malaya in 1942 and died fighting the British forces in joined its 1st Guerilla Regiment as pitched battles in Burma (Myanmar) Lance-Naik; deployed on the Indo- in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, Burma front, he laid down his life 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, while repulsing a serious British p.329] attack on INAís Pyinmana Camp, Burma (now Myanmar). [INA Papers, 54 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

F.Nos. 403/INA, 498/INA (1945), 379/ Bahur: Born in Futtehpore [Fatehpur], INA (1946); NAI; EBIFF, I, p.51] the North-Western Provinces (now uttar pradesh); he participated in the Bahadur: Born in v. the Oudh [Awadh] Uprising of 1857, and also incited his Province (now Uttar Pradesh); took neighbours to take up their arms a leading part locally in the Uprising against the British; he was captured of 1857; he provided arms and by the British troops during their financial support to the local rebels, attacks on Fatehpur in 1857, and and encouraged them to attack the executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny British officials; with the assistance Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, of a few, he killed a British officer UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) and captured the treasury; he was (1858), MSAB] caught by the British troops during their attack on his village and Baijnath Prasad Gupta: Born in 1910 in executed in 1858; his property was distt. Allahabad, the United also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). A Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- businessman by profession, he 59), UPSAL] actively participated in the ìQuit Indiaî movement. When the British Bahori Singh: Resident of v. Garhi Sahja, soldiers came heavily upon the teh. Etmadpur, distt. Agra, the demonstrators at the Chowk, United Provinces (now Uttar Allahabad, on 12 August 1942, he was Pradesh). In 1930, Agra witnessed a caught in the machine-gun firing and Congress-backed kisan movement died on the same day. [H/Poll, F.No. for non-payment of taxes during the 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, pp.121-122; Civil Disobedience movement. When, BCA, p.104] consequent to this ìno-taxî campaign, the peasants of Garhi Sahja Baijnath Prasad: Hailed from distt. village received some reprieve from Ballia, Uttar Pradesh; s/o Mangal land taxes; a few Zamindars of the Ram. He actively participated in the tehsil, however, maneuvered ñ with agitations organized during the the help of local officials ñ to secure ìQuit Indiaî movement in 1942. He confiscation warrants against was arrested in this connection and peasants for non-payment. They brutally beaten to death by the police incited the police to start confiscating in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; the peasantsí crops and cattle, RORCG; WWIM, I, p.21; BCA, p.119] resulting in serious kisan-police clashes. Bahori Singh ñ one of the Baijnath: Resident of Lucknow, the kisan resisters ñ was involved in a Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar clash such as these, and died of police Pradesh); he took part in the armed firing on the spot in 1930. [H/Poll, opposition to the British rule and F.Nos. 23/54/1930; NAI; SSKS, 33, engaged the British forces at pp.46 & 47] different places during the Uprising Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 55

of 1857; he was killed by the British injured in the police firing and died army in an encounter at Bailley on 23 August 1942. [PCJ Papers, Acc. Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny NAI; MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, p.52] Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Bajeer Ali: Born in 1808, Allahabad, the United Provinces (now Uttar Baijnath: Resident of Lucknow, the Pradesh); he joined the rebels in Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar fighting against the British forces Pradesh); he fought the British forces during the Uprising of 1857; he also at different places in Lucknow participated in attacking and during the Uprising of 1857; he also plundering the British establishments encouraged others to join him in at Sehore and Rahatgarh under the plundering the British properties; he leadership of Nawab Fazil died while confronting the British Mohammad Khan of Ambapani; he army at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in was caught by the British troops at March 1858. [Mutiny Records, the point of their re-occupation of Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Rahatgarh fort in January 1858; on Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) (1858), MSAB] charges of ëtreason and rebellion against the Britishí, he was executed Baini Persad: Inhabitant of Jalalabad, the by hanging at the front gate of the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Rahatgarh Fort on 29 January 1858. Uttar Pradesh); cultivator; along with [Mutiny Papers, Vol. I, NAIB; Poll others in his village, he refused to Deptt, Vol. No.49 (VI) (1858), MSAB] oblige the British forces with the supply of rasad (provisions) at Bajeer Beg: Resident of Rahatgarh, distt. Jalalabad during the Uprising of Sagar, (now Madhya Pradesh); 1857; consequently, he was caught by served as constable in the State Police the British troops and hanged in before joining the anti-British rebel November 1857; his entire village was forces during the Uprising of 1857; also looted by the British. [Mutiny associated himself with the forces of Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Nawab Fazil Mohammad Khan of UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) Ambapani, he participated in the (1858), MSAB] overrunning of the British settlement at Rahatgarh Fort in October 1857; Baisakhia Sahee Lal: Born in 1922; later, between 24 and 28 January resident of Garha Kota, distt Sagar, 1858 he confronted the reinforced Madhya Pradesh; literate up to the British offensive under Hugh Rose primary standard. He took a leading at Rahatgarh fort; following reverses, role in organising the ìQuit Indiaî the rebels decided to leave the fort; movement, 1942, in Sagar district; while leaving, he and some others while participating in a procession on were rounded up at Narsingpur 22 August 1942, he was severely Marg by Captain Suley of the British 56 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

army; sentenced to death on the Bajpai: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh charges of ësedition, aiding and [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar abetting the rebellion,í Bajeer was Pradesh); he took part in the fighting executed in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, against the British during the Vol. II, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 Uprising of 1857, and also incited (VII) (1858), MSAB] other people to raise their arms against the British authority; he was Baji Nath: Hailed from distt. Varanasi, killed in an encounter with the Uttar Pradesh; s/o Ram Nath British army in Chinhat, Lucknow, Mehrotra. He received fatal bullet on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Records, wounds in the police firing at the Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; QT, Dasaswamedh Ghat, Varanasi on 13 p.75] August 1942 while taking part in a demonstration during the ìQuit Bakar: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Indiaî agitation. He succumbed to his Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces injuries on the spot. [H/poll F.No. soon after the outbreak of the 1857 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.21] Uprising; along with his associates, he marched towards Delhi while Bajmi Khan: Hailing from Rahatgarh, fighting against the British forces; he distt. Saugor, (Sagar, now Madhya escaped to his region after the British Pradesh); took part in the Uprising re-occupation of Delhi in September of 1857 against the British in the 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting Saugor region; he joined the rebellion the advancing British army in the under Nawab Fazil Mohammad Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ Khan of Ambapani and took part in Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), driving the British away from UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) Rahatgarh Fort in October 1857; (1858), MSAB] again he fought against the British troops during their re-occupation of Bakher Singh: Resident of v. Jenini ka Rahatgarh fort between 24 and 28 Nangal, p.o. Sadabad, distt. January 1858; when the rebel forces Mathura, the United Provinces (now faced reverses and decided to leave Uttar Pradesh). He volunteered his the fort, Bajmi Khan and his fellow services to the Indian National Army rebels were rounded up at and joined it as a Havildar [Hawaldar] Narsingpur Marg by Captain Suley in the 3rd Guerrilla Regiment. He took of the British army; sentenced to part in pitched battles against the death on the charges of ëtreason, British led Allied forces on the Burma murder and rebellion against the (Myanmar) front where he was killed British,í he was executed soon in the exchange of firings with the thereafter. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. V, enemy forces in 1944. [INA Papers, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) F. No. 379/INA (1946), NAI; ROH, (1858), MSAB] pp. 664-65] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 57

Bakht Khan (General): Resident of and was reported to have been killed Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; s/o Abdullah there in action in 1859. [Mutiny Khan; he was a Subedar in the Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Artillary of the British-Indian army; UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, DUA; SA, he left the British service during the NAI; AS, II; BSZWD] Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebel forces at Bareilly; he became a Bakht Khan: Resident of Lucknow, the Brigadier in the rebel army and re- Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar grouped it for fighting against the Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his British; he levied taxes on Mahajans locality during the Uprising of 1857 and Sahukars, started fresh and fought the British in various recruitments for the army and made engagements in the Lucknow region; arrangements for its arms and he was killed by the British army in ammunitions; he also established an encounter at Bailey Guard, kachehris, thanas and tehsils. In June Lucknow, in November 1857. 1857 he marched towards Delhi along [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny with his rebel followers, the treasury Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh and the arms and ammunitions; he (1858), UPSAL] reached Delhi on 2 July 1857 and was welcomed by Bahadur Shah ëZafarí, Bakht: Belonged to the Oudh [Awadh] who called him ëFarzandí and Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he led appointed him as the Commander- the anti-British rebel forces against in-Chief with the title ëGeneralí. the British authorities in his area Bakht Khan reorganised the rebel during the Uprising of 1857; he also forces at Delhi, gave them 6 monthsí provided financial support to the advance salary, ordered them to rebels and encouraged them to attack maintain strict discipline; he also the local British establishments; he played a key role in preparing the was killed while fighting the British ëConstitution of the Rebelsí and troops in the Awadh region in 1858. forming the Administrative Council [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl called Jalsa-i-Fauji wa Mulki, to Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] maintain the law and order in Delhi. Although he succeeded in ousting the Bakhtawar Khan: Belonged to Lucknow, British forces from various the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now strongholds in Delhi, he finally lost Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with in the crucial battle of Najafgarh on the rebels of his area and fought the 25 August 1857; he left Delhi after its British forces at various places in fall to the British in September 1857, Lucknow during the Uprising of came to Lucknow, then to 1857; he was also involved with the Rohilkhand and continued to fight rebelsí plundering the British the British till their forces were able properties; he was killed during a to re-occupy all these areas; he confrontation with the British army escaped towards Nepal thereafter, at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 58 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Britishí; he was sentenced to death, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] and executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Bakhtawar Pande alias Fukur Nayak: Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Belonged to Kanau, Jabalpur Division (now Madhya Pradesh); he Bakin Aly: Resident of Cawnpore participated in the Uprising of 1857 (Kanpur), the North-Western and fought against the British forces Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he on several occasions in Jabalpur; he joined the anti-British rebel forces was caught by the British in the during the Revolt of 1857 in Kanpur; course of an encounter and hanged while encountering the British in 1858; his property was also attempts at reoccupying Kanpur in confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Poll. July 1857, he was caught by the Deptt. F. No. 31 (1858), MPSAB] enemy and sentenced to death on charges of ërebellion against the Bakhtawar Singh: Resident of Britishí; he was executed soon Fattehpore [Fatehpur], the North- thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Western Provinces (now Uttar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Pardesh); Thakur; s/o. Thakur Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Bhahdur Singh; Zamindar; he took leading part in the Uprising against Baksha: Belonged to Kushalgarh, British rule in 1857; he participated Banswara State (now distt. in several engagements against the Banswara), Rajputana Agency (now British forces under the leadership Rajasthan); took part in the Bhagat of his uncle, Thakur Daryao Singh. Bhil movement in southern Rajasthan He was captured by the British that Govindgiri started in 1907, during their re-occupation of the preaching monotheism among the Fatehpur region, and accused of Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and ëaiding and abetting the rebellion Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís against the Britishí; sentenced to socio-religious endeavour changed death with confiscation of his into a politico-economic movement, property; he was executed by against the extraction of Begar (forced hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, labour) and exploitation of the Bhils Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs., by the petty officials of the No.2, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.17] Dungarpur and Banswara States and Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). Bakhtawar: Born in the Oudh [Awadh] Baksha was one among those Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he thousands of Bhagat Bhils who joined the rebel forces in fighting the joined this movement and warned British during the Uprising of 1857; the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers captured by the British troops during in the first week of November 1913, an encounter and charged with either to remove the main grievance ëmurder and rebellion against the of the Bhils or to face the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 59

overthrowing of the Statesí authority Bakshish Ali: Resident of Jalaun, Jhansi to oppress and ill-treat them. The State, Bundelkhand Agency, Central militancy of the Bhils and their India (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined gathering in Mangarh hill so the rebel forces during the Uprising unnerved the British that they sent of 1857; while defending Jhansi from their own troops along with those of the advancing British forces, he was the States to lay siege on Mangarh caught and imprisoned in the Jhansi hill and disperse the gathering. On Central jail; he took a leading role in 17 November 1913 the combined breaking the Jhansi jail in 1859; re- troops attacked the Bhil position and captured and charged with the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai misleading his jail inmates and Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did inciting rebellion against the British, not give up till many of them were he was sentenced to death. [Mutiny injured, 900 captured and 25, Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, including Baksha, killed. The incident UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.I, No.43B did awaken the tribesmen so much (1859), MSAB] that Motilal Tejawat had not found it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- Balak Singh: Resident of the Garhwal 22 against forced labour and high rate Division, the United Provinces (now of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March 1914; 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; Indian Army; he left the British BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 service to join the Indian National (referred in connection with the Army in 1942 and served it as Sepoy incident)] in the 3rd Infantry Battalion; while fighting against the Allied forces in Bakshi Ram: Born in v. Dhadot, p.o. Burma (now Myanmar) he was killed Chirawa, Jaipur State, (now distt. on the battle ground at Paupon in Jaipur), Rajputana Agency (now 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, Rajasthan); he was in the service of 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, the British-Indian Army as Lance p.20] Naik in the Supply Unit; he shifted his loyalty to the Indian National Balbhadra Singh: Resident of Army in 1942; enrolled in the Naqabganj, Barabanki, (now in Uttar Intelligence Unit, served it by Pradesh); he participated in the supplying uninterrupted intelligence Uprising against the British rule in of the enemyís battle positions; he 1857; he also incited his neighbours lost his life while performing his duty to raise arms against the British rule; on the Burma (now Myanmar) front he fought at several places and in 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos.439/ finally died in the battle at Barabanki INA, 464/INA, 498//INA (1945), while resisting the British forces in 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow p.20] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 60 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Vol.II, No.43C (1859), MSAB; WWIM, TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; III, p.18] Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, Balbir Singh: Born in v. Dhanora, p.o. RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Daba, distt. Meerut, the United F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). On his joining the Indian National Army Balbund Singh: Belonged to the in 1942, he was deployed on the Allahabad region, the North- Burma (Myanmar) front to fight Western Provinces (now Uttar against Allied forces. He was killed Pradesh); Zamindar; he participated in the course of a fierce engagement in the fighting against the British with the enemy in 1944. [INA Papers, during the Uprising of 1857, and led F. No. 379/INA (1946), NAI; ROH, the local rebels in attacking and pp.664-65 WWIM, II, p.21] plundering the British establishments in the Allahabad-Fatehpur region; he Balbir Singh: Resident of teh. was caught by the British at the time Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. of their attacks on the rebels in Alwar), Rajputana Agency (now Allahabad, and charged with Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He ëplundering, murder and rebellion participated in the kisan agitatorsí against the Britishí; he was sentenced meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 to death in July 1857, and hanged May 1925 to demonstrate against the soon thereafter; his property was also Maharajaís oppressive administration confiscated. [Mutiny Records, PP, and his land settlement policy of Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.223] 1923-24. In this settlement the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were Balcha/ Barchha: Hailed from Jagdalpur, forfeited and the land revenue had Indrawati valley in Bastar State (now been increased by fifty per cent. in Chhattisgarh); took part in the Though all agriculturists were Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt of affected adversely by it, the Rajputs 1910 in the Jagdalpur area of Bastar suffered the most. Hearing the news against the feudal and colonial of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja exploitation, and in the tribesí sent his State Army to counter the anxiety for maintaining their distinct rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops ways of life. In the intense battle surrounded the village, blocked all (Indrawati-ford battle) that took the exit routes from it and opened place on 16 February 1910 between fire on the protesters without any the rebels and the British where prior warning. Balbir Singh was many people died on the rebel side, seriously injured in the Balcha/ Barchha and few others indiscriminate firing and died. escaped from the scene and rallied Simultaneously, the village was also round the neighbouring Ulnar and set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Netanar villages. ìOn the night of Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; 25th February, the combined forces Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 61

surrounded the Ulnar hill on which [Naik] in the Armed Guards the men of Netanar village [the Contingent at the Agra Central rebels] were supposed to be Prison, but left the British service in encamped. The movement was well June 1857 to fight against the British executed, and all the aboriginals during the Uprising of 1857. Along [tribals] were captured....î Balcha/ with the other rebels, he marched Barchha was one among those who towards Delhi and joined the rebel had been arrested, charged with forces there; he died while fighting ìwaging war against the Crownî, the advancing British army in the and tried between 13 March and 28 defence of Delhi in September 1857. April 1910 (known as the Jagdalpur [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Trial). Seventy eight of the rebels, UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, including Balcha/ Barchha, were NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) imprisoned in Bastar Jail but later in (1858), MSAB] June 1910 shifted to the Raipur Central Jail, where he died (before 7 Baldev Singh: Resident of Bah, Agra, the November 1910) suffering ill- North-Western Provinces (now Uttar treatment and tortures by the jail Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Naick authorities. [F/Poll (Confidential), [Naik] in the A. Company of the Nos 60, 29 of 1910, NAI; Jail Records, British-Indian army; he left the Central Jail, Raipur, List of Bastar British service during the Uprising Prisoners, cf HTPB, pp.245-57] of 1857 and fought against the British at several places in his region; he Baldeo: Belonged to mauzah Belawa, died in 1858 while resisting the Boolundshuhur [Bulandshahar], the advancing British forces. [Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); he joined hands with the UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- rebels of his area during the Uprising 59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 of 1857 and marched towards Delhi (IX) (1858), MSAB] while fighting against the British forces; he returned to his region after Baldev: Resident of Agra, the North- the fall of Delhi in September 1857; Western Provinces (now Uttar he was caught by the British after Pradesh); Aheer; he was a Sepoy in their re-occupation of this area and the Permanent Armed Guards at the hanged in 1859 on the charges of Agra Central Prison; soon after his ëmurder and rebellion against the deputation at Bulandshahar on escort Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi duty, he left the British service in June Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 1857 to take part in the Uprising of Vol.Ii, No.43C (1859), MSAB] 1857. Along with the other rebels, he marched towards Delhi and fought Baldeo: Born in Agra, the North- against the British; he was killed Western Provinces (now Uttar during an encounter with the Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Naick advancing British army in the Delhi 62 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

region in September 1857. [Mutiny Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, November 1857. [Mutiny Records, UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] (1858), MSAB] Baleshwar Singh: Born in 1910 at v. Baldev: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh Jigni, distt. Ballia, Uttar Pradesh. He [Awadh] Province (now Uttar took active part in the ìQuit Indiaî Pradesh); he fought the British movement of 1942. His participation during the Uprising of 1857 in several resulted in his arrest by the British engagements in Lucknow; he also police and subsequent imprisonment. participated in attacking and He died on account of tortures in the plundering the British establish- jail in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, ments; he died while confronting the NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.22] British army at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 1858. [Mutiny Balgobin: Belonged to Banda, the North- Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Western Provinces (now Uttar UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) Pradesh); he took part in the (1858), MSAB] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British on various occasions in the Baldeva: Belonged to Bareilly, Uttar Banda region; he also incited the local Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces people to raise their arms and kill the under the leadership of Khan British; he was captured by the Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader of British troops during their advance the Rohilkhand region), and fought in Banda, and charged with ësedition, against the British at a number of murder of Europeans and rebellion places during the 1857 Uprising; he with violenceí; he was sentenced to was captured by the advancing death with confiscation of property British army in an encounter and in June 1858 and hanged soon executed by hanging in 1860 at thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Mutiny Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), Vol.II, No.43C (1859), MSAB] NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, pp.68.69] Balgobind: Belonged to Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Baldi: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh Pradesh); he joined hands with the [Awadh] Province (now Uttar rebel forces during the Uprising of Pradesh); he took part in the armed 1857 and fought the British troops at struggle against the firangi-hukumat different places; he was killed by the (British rule) and fought the British British army in a confrontation at forces at different places during the Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in Uprising of 1857; he was killed by November 1857. [Mutiny Records, the British army in an encounter at Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 63

Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Bali Pokharwall: Resident of Lucknow, Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now MSAB] Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the Uprising of 1857 and he led the rebels Balkissun: Born in Bag Muzaffar Khan, in attacking the British authorities in Agra, the North-Western Provinces Lucknow; he died while fighting (now Uttar Pradesh); Goojar [Gujar]; against the British army at Talab he participated in the Uprising of Fateh Ali Khan, Lucknow in 1858. 1857 and also rallied his [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny neighbourhood to fight against the Basta, UPRAA] British rule; he was caught by the British after the defeat of the rebel Balihoo: Hailed from Raipur, aroused by forces in Agra and charged with the speech that Hanuman Singh, ëmurder and sedition during the Magazine Lashkar in the British rebellioní; he was sentenced to death Army (who assassinated Major in 1858 and executed by hanging. Cidwel at his residence on 18 January [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny 1858) delivered before a sepoy Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 audience on the same day; Balihoo (X) (1858), MSAB] joined the rebel sepoys in Raipur; involved in the killing of British army Balla Singh: Born in Kanpur, the North- officers; with 16 other rebel soldiers, Western Provinces (now uttar he was arrested by the British; tried, pradesh); he took part in the convicted and sentenced to death; Uprising of 1857, and fought against hanged in Raipur on 22 January 1858. the British authorities at various [Parliamentary Papers ñ (Mutiny places in Kanpur; he also offered Further Papers), No.4, 1857-58, NAI, financial support to the local rebels CKI, 1740-1947, p.171] and encouraged them to go for killing the firangis (British); he died Balkishoon: Belonged to Shahjehanpor while resisting the advancing British [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western army in the Kanpur region in 1857. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny was a Sepoy in the B. Company of Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 the British-Indian army; he left the (III) (1858), MSAB] British service during the Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebels to take Ballee: Born in Agra, the North-Western part in the fight against the British; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he was caught in 1858 while resisting Sheikh; he joined the rebel forces the British forces, and sentenced to during the Uprising of 1857 and went death on the charges of ëdesertion up to Bulandshahar while fighting and mutiny against the British against the British; caught by the authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, British in the midst of an engagement 64 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

there, he was hanged in 1858 on the the command and led the movement charges of ëmurder of the British successfully. He was arrested under officers and plundering the the Defence of India Rule on 9 June Government property during the 1942 and put behind the bars in rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Jodhpur Central Jail. There, along Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] with others, he had resorted to hunger-strike, demanding better Balli: Born in Jalalabad, the Oudh treatment for the political prisoners. [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar He was subjected to brutal beatings Pradesh); cultivator; with his fellow by the Jail authorities while on fast villagers, he refused to oblige the and died four days later, on 16 June British forces with rasad (food- 1942 in the hospital. [Sujas, No.4, provisions) at Jalalabad during the June-July 1998, Jaipur, pp.59-60; RSSS, Uprising of 1857; consequently, he pp.55-57; TR, 20 June 1942; PP, was caught by the British troops and Jodhpur, F.No. 128, 1945-46, RSAB] hanged in November 1857; his entire village was also looted by the British. Balwant Singh: Belonged to distt. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Muzaffarnagar, the United Provinces Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (now Uttar Pradesh). He had served (V) (1858), MSAB] the British-Indian Army as a Naik before his shifting loyalty the Indian Balmukand Bissa: Born on 5 April 1910 National Army. As a Sub-Officer of in v. Pilva, teh. Didwana, formerly the INAís 1st Bahadur Regiment, he in Jodhpur (Marwar) State (now in was deployed on the Burma distt. Nagaur), Rajputana Agency (Mynmar) front where in the course (now Rajasthan); s/o Sukhdev Bissa; of a desperate combat with the Pushkarna Brahmin. Balmukand enemy forces he was killed in 1944. Bissaís father was a businessman in [INA Papers, F.No.1/INA, NAI; Calcutta (now Kolkata) where he had ROH, pp. 666-67] his primary education. He was inspired by the Constructive Balwant Singh: Hailed from the Programme of Mahatma Gandhi and Garhwal Division, the United founded Rajasthan Charkha Sangh in Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was 1934 at Jodhpur. Coming in close a Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 contact with Jainarain Vyas, Garhwal Rifles of the British-Indian President of the Marwar Lok Army; he shifted his loyalty to the Parishad, Bissa became an active Indian National Army in 1942 and member of the Marwar Lok Parishad. served it as an Officer in the 3rd When Jainarain Vyas and other Infantry Battalion; he was killed prominent leaders of the Marwar during an engagement with the Lok Parishad were arrested in the British forces at Ekaba, Burma (now movement for responsible Myanmar) in 1945. [INA Papers, government in 1940, Bissa took over F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 65

WWIM, II, p.23] Bandhan: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); took Balwant Singh: Resident of v. Pur, part in the 1857 Uprising soon after p.o.Shamli, distt. Meerut, the United its outbreak in the Jaunpur region; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He he fought against the British at was previously in the British-Indian various places, and also propagated Army as a soldier, later deserted it against the British loyalists; he was to join the Indian National Army and caught and sentenced to death by the served as Naik in the Intelligence British on the charges of ësedition Group. He was killed in the battle- and rebellion against the British field near Kaladan front (Indo- authorityí; he was executed by Burma border) in 1944. [INA Papers, hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, No 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 662-63 Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- WWIM, II, p.23] 59), UPSAL]

Banarsi Das: Hailed from v. Vijaygarh, Bandhu Lonia: Resident of v. Machhila, ps. Akbrabad, distt. Aligarh, Uttar distt. Azamgarh, the United Pradesh; s/o Beni Ram. He was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). In the sentenced to three monthsí rigorous wake of the ìQuit Indiaî movement, imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 10 for the police inspector and the force taking part in the Civil Disobedience under him at the Madhuban police movement in 1932. Again in 1942 he station had been ordered to raid the was arrested for his involvement in Congress office in Dubari Division, the ìQuit Indiaî movement and sent put down the National flag flying to jail. He died of severe police over it and destroy everything torture in detention in 1942. [H/Poll, within. This incident on 13 August F.Nos. 23/54/1930, 3130/42, NAI; 1942 infuriated the people and they SSKS, 34, p. ja; WWIM, I, p.24] started gathering near the police station on 15 August 1942 from every Bande Allee: Resident of Banda, the part of the district. The demonstra- North-Western Provinces (now Uttar tors thereafter sought the Thana in- Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Chargeís permission for putting up during the Uprising of 1857 and took the National flag on the top of the part in the fight against the British in police station which he curtly refused the Banda region; he was caught in on the pretext of the District the course of a British operation and Magistrateís presence inside. When hanged in 1858 on the charges of the agitatorsí request had thus been ëmurder and rebellion against the turned down, they began to pelt Britishí; his property was also stones on the Thana edifice and were confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda fired upon by the police from inside Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, the building. In this firing a number Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] of people were shot dead and many were injured. Bandhu Lonia was 66 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

arrested and was made an accused 1857; he also offered financial support in this stone-throwing incident. He to the neighbourhood for buying died in jail on account of the police arms and attacking the British; he was tortures there on 10/11 September caught by the British forces after their 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; re-occupation of the Ghazipur region, BCA, p. 124; SSKS, pp. ma, ya, ra la; and executed by hanging in 1859. WWIM, I, p.15] [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.II, Bandhu Singh: Born at v. Bishunpura, No.43C (1859), MSAB] Gorruckpore [Gorakhpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Bankey: Born in Poepal Mundee, Agra, Pradesh); a Zamindar, he took a the North-Western Provinces (now leading part in the Uprising of 1857, Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was a propagated against the British Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contingent misrule, and provided financial help Guards of the Agra Central Prison to the rebels for procuring arms and under the British Government; he ammunitions; he was captured by the left the British service during the British troops during their raids on Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebel the Gorakhpur region; charged with forces; he marched towards Delhi ësedition and rebellioní; he was along with other rebels and fought sentenced to death and executed by the British at several places; he was hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, killed in 1858 while resisting the Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- advancing British forces. [Mutiny 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.18] Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Bandhu Singh: Resident of v. Parmeth, (1858), MSAB] distt, Ghazipur, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). As a saboteur Bankey: Resident of Kanpur, the North- in the ìQuit Indianî movement, he Western Provinces (now Uttar participated in looting goods trains Pradesh); he joined hands with the and destroying railway equipments rebels of his area during the Uprising at the Nandganj railway station in of 1857, and marched against the Ghazipur District. He was shot and British forces at several places in killed by the police at the time of his Kanpur; he also offered finances to operating there in August 1942. [H/ the local people for buying arms and Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, encouraged them to ransack the p.25] British provisions; he was killed by the advancing British army during an Bangay Roy: Resident of Ghazeepoor encounter in the Kanpur region in [Ghazipur], the North-Western 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, fought the British at several places Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] in Ghazipur during the Uprising of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 67

Banne: Resident of Unnao, the North- Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel Pradesh); he participated in the forces of his locality during the 1857 Uprising of 1857 and fought the Uprising and proceeded to Lucknow; British forces at several places in the he fought against the British at Unnao-Kanpur region; he also joined several places in Lucknow city; the rebelsí attacking the British caught by the British army, he was establishments and plundering their hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow properties; he died while confronting in June 1857. [Mutiny Records, the British army in Unnao in 1857. Lucknow, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; [Mutiny Records, Unnao Mutiny Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1857), Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 UPSAL] (VII) (1858), MSAB] Banveer Singh: Belonged to v. Bans Narain Rai: Born in 1914 in v. Chhirauli, teh. Haraiya, Basti, the Sherpur Kalan, distt. Ghazipur, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Pradesh); s/o Nageshwar Rai; rebels during the Uprising of 1857 in Farmer. He took active part in the fighting the British forces in his agitations during the ìQuit Indiaî village; he was captured by the movement. He received bullet British troops during an armed wounds in the police firing while confrontation and executed by attending a procession at the hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Muhammadabad Tehsil Office, and Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- died on the spot in August 1942. [H/ 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.18] Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.283-284; BCA, p. 110] Banvir Singh: Belonged to Dhirauli, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Bans Narain Rai: Born in December 1910 Pradesh); he joined hands with the in v. Sherpur Khurd, distt Ghazipur, rebels of the Amorha state (now in the United Provinces (now Uttar distt. Basti) during the Uprising of Pradesh); s/o Suraj Rai. An 1857 and fought the British forces in Intermediate passed farmer, he took several engagements; he was caught active part in the agitations during by the British forces when they the ìQuit Indiaî movement. While launched their attacks on the rebels, participating in the procession at the and executed by hanging from a Muhammadabad Tehsil Office, he ëPipal Treeí in 1858. [Mutiny Records, received bullet wounds in the police Monument of Chhawani, cited in firing and died on the spot in August LL1857, pp.20-26] 1942. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.283; BCA, p. 110] Banwari Yadav: Belonged to v. Kathghara, p.o. Madhuban, distt. Bansi Singh: Resident of Faizabad, the Azamgarh, the United Provinces 68 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

(now Uttar Pradesh). In the wake of death with confiscation of property the ìQuit Indiaî movement, the in July 1858, he was executed by police inspector and the force under hanging thereafter. [Mutiny Records, him at the Madhuban police station Banda Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA; Poll had been ordered to raid the Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Congress office in Dubari Division, put down the National flag flying Bapu Rao: Resident of Molampally, over it and destroy everything Chanda, Madhya Pradesh; powerful within. This incident on 13 August Zamindar; in the Uprising of 1857, he 1942 inflamed the sentiments of the played a leaderís role by assembling people that they started gathering tribal (Gond and Maria) and non- near the police station from every part tribal (Rohilla) communities for of the district on 15 August 1942. The fighting against the oppressive British demonstrators thereafter sought the intrusions into their habitations; Thana in-Chargeís permission for before the rebellion could take off the hoisting the National flag on the top ground, Bapu Rao was betrayed by of the police station, which he curtly the Rani of Aheri to the British refused on the pretext of the District authorities; captured, imprisoned Magistrateís presence inside. When and tortured, Bapu Rao was executed the agitatorsí request was thus in the Chanda jail premises in 1857. turned down, they began to pelt [Mutiny Papers, Vol.I, NAIB; Poll stones on the Thana edifice and were Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB; fired upon by the police from inside WWIM, III, pp. 16-17] the building. In this firing a number of people were shot dead, and Barbar Singh: Resident of Jalalabad, the Kumar Manjhi happened to be one Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in among those who had been killed on Uttar Pradesh); cultivator; along with the spot on that day. [H/poll, F.No. his neighbours, the villagers, he 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 124; SSKS, 27, refused to oblige the British forces pp. ma, ya, ra la; WWIM, I, p.26] with rasad (food-provisions) at Jalalabad during the Uprising of Baood; Resident of Banda, the North- 1857; he was caught by the British Western Provinces (now Uttar troops for this and hanged in Pradesh); he participated in the November 1857; his entire village was Uprising of 1857 and fought against also looted by the British. [Mutiny the British forces in the Banda region; Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, he also provided financial support to UPRAA] the rebels and encouraged them to attack the British and their loyalists; Barjoor Singh: Belonged to he was caught during the British Cheterkonee, Ghazeepoor advance in Banda, and charged with [Ghazipur], the North-Western ëaiding and abetting the rebellion Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); against the Britishí; sentenced to Thakoor [Thakur]; he fought the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 69

British forces at several places in [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; Basta, UPRAA] he offered financial support to the rebels of his village for buying arms Basant Singh: Resident of the Oudh to attack the British establishment; [Awadh] Province (now Uttar he was caught by the British army Pradesh); he took a leading part in after their re-occupation of the the Uprising of 1857 and fought the Ghazipur region, and executed by British at several places in Lucknow; hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, he was killed by the British army Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll during an engagement in 1857. Deptt, Vol.II, No.43C (1859), MSAB] [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Barjor Singh: Resident of Jhansi State, (now Uttar Pradesh); inspired by the Basant: Belonged to Lucknow, the Oudh Uprising of 1857 and upset over [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar British interference in Jhansiís affairs, Pradesh); he joined hands with the he organized the rebel forces and rebels of his area during the Uprising took a leading role in attacking the of 1857, and also incited other people British settlements and plundering to raise their arms against the their properties in Jhansi and its Companyraj; he fought at different neighbourhood areas between 1857 places against the British and died in and 1858; when the British were the battle of Chinhat, Lucknow, on making a comeback in Jhansi in 1858, 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Records, he was arrested by them; and Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll charged with ëtaking part in Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] plundering and rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death Basdeo: Resident of v. Talgaon, Bah, in 1858 and executed soon thereafter. Agra, the North-Western Provinces [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.III, served the British as one among the No.43D (1859), MSAB] Contingent Guards of the Agra Central Prison; he took part in a secret Barkhe Das alias Hanuman: Resident of conspiracy to liberate the prisoners Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) during the Uprising of 1857, and Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he escaped with some of them while joined the Uprising of 1857 and leaving the British service; he fought played a significant role in organizing at several places against the British the rebel forces of his region; he led forces in the Agra region; he died in a group of rebels on several occasions 1858 while confronting the advancing in attacking the British authorities British army. [Mutiny Records, Agra and their offices in Lucknow; he died Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, while resisting the British army at Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Alambagh, Lucknow in 1858. 70 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Bashir Ahmad: Resident of p.s. Chief Minister of Amjhera and was Lakhimpur, distt. Kheri (now involved in the revolt of 1857 under Lakhimpur Kheri), United Provinces the leadership of his king Raja (now Uttar Pradesh). The British Bakhtawar Singh, he was captured Governmentís assaults and sanctions and executed in 1858. [Mutiny on Turkey had been perceived by the Papers, Vol. VI, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Indian Muslims as an attack on Islam. Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] They supported the Khilafat, resented the violators of their Bassee: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar religion and protested against the Pradesh; he joined the rebels of his British rule. On their part, the British area soon after the outbreak of the officials sternly opposed in India any 1857 Uprising; he marched towards demonstration in support of the Delhi while fighting against the Khilafat and dealt severely with the British forces; he escaped to his demonstrators. Deeply disturbed by region after the British reoccupation the British officialsí repressive, of Delhi in September 1857; he died tyrannical methods in Lakhimpur in 1858 while resisting the advancing Kheri, Nasiruddin along with his British army in the Bareilly region. colleagues decided to kill all the cruel [Mutiny Records, F/Abst. Proc. English officers of the district (Poll), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll (Deputy Commissioner, Police Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Captain and Police Inspector) in the wake of the Khilafat movement that Basta: Resident of v. Neemuchana, (teh.) was merging with the Non- Bansoor, Alwar State (now distt. Cooperation movement. On 26 Alwar), Rajputana Agency (now August 1920 he and his friends, in Rajasthan); Brahmin. He participated accordance with their plan, in the kisan agitatorsí meeting held succeeded in entering into the house at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to of Willoughby (the Deputy protest against the Maharajaís mal- Commissioner), attacked him with administration and his land swords and killed him on the spot. settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Following the assassination they settlement the Biswedari rights of the went into hiding in a mohallah from Rajputs were forfeited and the land where their arrests were effected. revenue increased by fifty per cent. Bashir Ahmad and his colleagues Though all agriculturists were faced a hostile trial for assassinating affected adversely by it, the Rajputs a British official and promptly suffered the most. Hearing the news hanged. [H/poll F.No. 257/1923, of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja NAI; SSKS, 22, p. chha] sent his State Army to counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops Bashirullah Khan: Hailed from Amjhera surrounded the village, blocked all State, Central India Agency (now in the escape routes from it and opened Madhya Pradesh). Held the post fire on the protesters without any Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 71

prior warning. Basta received serious Baura: Resident of Humeerpoor gun shots in the firing and died on [Hamirpur], the North-Western the spot. Simultaneously with the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he firing, the village was set on fire by joined hands with the rebels during the State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. the Uprising of 1857, propagated 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, against the oppressive British rule 14 June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, and incited the people to overthrow Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 it; he was killed in an encounter with November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, the advancing British forces in 1858; Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), his property was confiscated and NAI] handed over to the British allies. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur, Mutiny Batu Ram: Resident of v. Tesagaon, teh. Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 Hindaun, distt. Sawai Madhopur, (VII) (1858), MSAB] Jaipur State, Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); he served the British- Bayjoo Persad: Resident of Futtehpore Indian Army as Sepoy in the 1/8 [Fatehpur], the North-Western Punjab Regiment; in 1942, he shifted Provinces (now uttar pradesh): he his loyalty to the Indian National joined hands with the rebel forces Army and confronted the British in during the Uprising of 1857 and the battle fields; he was killed by the fought against the British at various enemy in 1944 in the course of heavy places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; fighting on the Burma (now he also provided financial support to Myanmar) front in1944. [INA Papers, the rebels in the neighbourhood and F.Nos.439/INA, 464/INA, 498//INA encouraged them to attack and (1945), 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, plunder the British quarters; he was II, p.29] killed by the British troops in the course of an encounter in 1857. Baur Singh: Born in v. Karwari, teh. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] (now in distt. Karauli), Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); previously Baz Singh: Resident of the Oudh he served in the British-Indian Army [Awadh] Province (now Uttar as a Sepoy in the 1/8 Punjab Pradesh); he joined hands with the Regiment; he joined the Indian ëHindustanií forces in attacking and National Army in 1942 and became plundering the British offices during Naik in the 3rd Guerilla Regiment; the Uprising of 1857; he also incited fought against the British on the others in challenging the British rule; Burma (now Myanmar) front and he was later caught by the British died in the battle field at Kalewa in troops and charged with ësedition Myanmar in 1944. [INA Papers, and rebellion against the Britishí; F.Nos.403/INA, 498//INA (1945), sentenced to the transportation for NAI; WWIM, II, p.29] life with confiscation of his property; 72 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

he died in detention in 1858. [Mutiny took part in the kisan meeting held at Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] protest against the Maharajaís misgovernance and his land Bechao Sau: Belonged to Banda, the settlement policy of 1923-24. In this North-Western Provinces (now Uttar settlement the Biswedari rights of the Pradesh); he participated in the Rajputs were forfeited and the land Uprising of 1857 and fought against revenue increased by fifty per cent. the British troops at various places Though all agriculturists were in Banda; he also took part in affected adversely by it, the Rajputs plundering the British properties and suffered the most. Hearing the news looting their treasury to finance the of this gathering of the kisan rebel course; he was caught by the agitators, the Maharaja sent his State British forces during an engagement Army to counter the rallyists at in Banda, sentenced to death in Neemuchana. The troops September 1858 on the charges of surrounded the village, blocked all ëplundering the British properties, the exit points from it and opened loot, and rebellioní; he was executed fire on the protesters without any by hanging; his property was also prior warning of dispersal. Many confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda people received severe gun shots in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, the indiscriminate firing, including Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Bedu Singh, who died on the spot. Simultaneously with this firing, the Bechoon Oopedhea: Resident of village was set on fire by the State Jaunpore [Jaunpur], the North- troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 Western Provinces (now Uttar of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June Pradesh); Brahmin; he joined hands 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta with the rebels of his area during the No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November Uprising of 1857, and fought the 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, British forces on several occasions; F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] caught by the British in the course of an engagement, he was accused of Beebee: Born in a village of distt. ëplundering the British property and Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western rebellion against the Britishí; he was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); she sentenced to death and hanged in joined rebel forces and took part in 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, the resistance against the British Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. during the Uprising of 1857; she was Srs.), File No. 17, UPRAA] killed during the British attack on the rebels in the Muzaffarnagar region. Bedu Singh: Belonged to v. Bamanwas, [Mutiny Records, Muzaffarnagar teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (now distt. Alwar), Rajputana Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB; Agency (now Rajasthan); Rajput. He WWIM, III, p.37] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 73

Beeha: Resident of Futtehpore Uprising; he marched towards Delhi [Fatehpur], the North-Western while fighting against the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he forces; he escaped to his region after took part in the Uprising of 1857 and the British reoccupation of Delhi in fought against the British at several September 1857; he died in 1858 while places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; resisting the advancing British army he was killed by the British troops in in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny the course of an encounter in 1857. Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB]

Beehary Gond: Born in Khamaria, Beenda: Resident of Agra, the North- Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh; s/o Western Provinces (now Uttar Saturam Gond; he joined hands with Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces the rebels of his locality during the during the Uprising of 1857 and Uprising of 1857 and fought against reached to Bulandshahar while the British forces on several fighting against the British; he took occasions; caught by the advancing part there in an attack on the British British army in Jabalpur, he was officers and their establishments; sentenced to death on 17 February caught by the British in the midst of 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll. Deptt. an the engagement, he was hanged F. No. 3 (1858), MPSAB] in 1858 on the charges of ëmurder of the British officers and plundering Beehpaul Singh: Resident of the Government property during the Bhudhohee, Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi the North-Western Provinces (now Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] the rebels of his area during the Uprising of 1857, and fought the Beerij Lall: Belonged to Ghazeepoor British forces on several occasions; [Ghazipur], the North-Western caught by the British in the course of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he an engagement, he was accused of fought the British forces at several ëplundering the British property and places in Ghazipur during the rebellion against the Britishí; he was Uprising of 1857; he also offered sentenced to death and hanged in financial support to the neighbour- 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, hood for buying arms and attacking Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. the British; he was caught by the Srs.), UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 British after their re-occupation of the (IX) (1858), MSAB] Ghazipur region, and executed by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Beenda: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces Deptt, Vol.III, No.43D (1859), MSAB] soon after the outbreak of the 1857 74 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Beeshaishur Roy: Belonged to professed to treat the Chief of Shairpoor, Gurruckpoor Bharatpore as a son and seized his [Gorakhpur], the North-Western territory; the Chief of Lahore was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); carried off to London, the Peshwa Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he joined hands was imprisoned for life in Bithoorí. with the rebels of his area during the She recalled the Companyrajís breach Uprising of 1857 and fought against of faith with Sultan Tipu, their the British on several occasions; he obliterating all traces of the Chiefs was caught by the British in an of Berar, Orissa and Bengal, etc. and encounter in the Gorakhpur region, emphasized on their defiance of and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny Records, treaties and oaths, to take ëour NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; country [the Awadh] and propertyí. Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), After this proclamation, she made MSAB] hectic efforts to reorganise the rebel forces for driving the British away Begam Hazrat Mahal: Resident of from Awadh, but could not succeed. Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] She left Lucknow to join the rebel Province (now Uttar Pradesh); w/o forces of Faizabad for attacking Nawab Wajid Ali Shah (the deposed Shahjahanpur and, following ruler of Awadh); she took the control reverses there, she, along with her of Lucknow in association with the followers, marched towards Nepal rebel forces, and set up her son, Birjis and tried to win the support of Jang Qadr, as the ruler of Awadh. She Bahadur (the Prime Minister of assumed real power as the Regent Nepal) against the British; although and played a crucial role in the given asylum there, she could not get Uprising of 1857; she supervised the the Nepalese support, and all her rebel government at Lucknow for efforts to re-group the rebels against running the administration, and also the British came to naught; she died organised the rebel forces for the war there later on. [Mutiny Records, against the British; she was Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; TL, constantly in touch with Nana Saheb, NAI; FSUP, I-II] took active part in the defence of Lucknow against the British forces, Behar Khan: Resident of the Oudh gave a tough fight at Alam Bagh, but [Awadh] Province (now Uttar ultimately had to retreat. She issued Pradesh); he accompanied the rebels a counter-proclamation in November on various occasions during the 1858, a response to the proclamation Rising of 1857 and provided them of Queen Victoria, guaranteeing the with multifarious services in their rights, honour and dignity of the fight against the British; he was Indian people and taking over the caught by the British troops in one administration of Hindustan from of their raids on this area, and the British. In this proclamation, the charged with ësupporting the rebels Begam recounted how ëthe Company in murder and rebellion against the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 75

Britishí; he was sentenced to death he also offered financial support to in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. the rebels of his area for buying arms (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] and to attack the British establishments; he was captured by Beharee Lal Moharir: Resident of the British after their reoccupation of Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North- this area and charged with Western Provinces (now Uttar ëplundering the Government Pradesh); Tehsildar; played an property and rebellion against the important role during the Uprising Britishí; he was sentenced to death of 1857 by organizing anti-British in 1860 and executed by hanging. rebel forces; while encountering the [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, British attempts at reoccupying UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.29 Kanpur from July to December 1857, (1860), MSAB] he was caught by the enemy; sentenced to death on charges of Beli Ram: Resident of v. Gujran, distt. ërebellion against the Britishí in Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o December 1857, he was executed Shiv Saran. He actively participated soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, in a demonstration in connection Kanpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll with the Roti Agitation (demanding Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] cheaper food) on 23 September 1943 in Jammu. He was killed in the face Beharee: Belonged to Banda, the North- of State police firing on the Western Provinces (now Uttar demonstrators on the spot. [File No. Pradesh); he led the local rebel forces V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, in fighting against the British during pp. 442-45; WWIM, II, p.30; FSK, p. the uprising of 1857; he also took part 71] in plundering the British possessions and passing the proceeds to the Bendaree Singh: Resident of Gwalee, ëHindustani forcesí for meeting their Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- military expenses; later the British Western Provinces (now Uttar soldiers arrested him in Banda; Pradesh); he joined hands with the charged with ëbeing a leader and rebels of his area during the Uprising instigator of rebellioní, he was of 1857, and fought the British forces sentenced to death in July 1859 and on several occasions; he was caught his property confiscated. [Mutiny by the British in the midst of an Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) engagement, accused of ëplundering NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] the British property and rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced Bekharee: Born in Mynpoory [Mainpuri], to death in 1860 and hanged soon the North-Western Provinces (now thereafter. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Uttar Pradesh); Kayeth [Kaith]; he Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. took part in the fight against the Srs.), UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.29 British during the Uprising of 1857; (1860), MSAB] 76 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Benee Singh: Resident of Aligarh, the establishments; he was caught by the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar British troops during their raids on Pradesh); he participated in the the Allahabad region, and sentenced struggle of the rebels during the to death in July 1857 on the charges Uprising of 1857, he also encouraged of ëtreason, aiding, abetting and other people to destroy all the of counselling escape of a rebelí; he was symbols of British authority in executed by hanging. [Mutiny Aligarh; he was caught by the British Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; soldiers at the time of their attacks TIM, p.204] on the rebels in Aligarh, and charged with ëtheft, sedition and rebellion Beni Madho Singh: Resident of against the Britishí; he was sentenced Shankarpur, the Oudh [Awadh] to death in 1858, and executed soon Province (now Uttar Pradesh); Raja thereafter; his property was also of Shankarpur; he joined the Uprising confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Proc. against the British rule in 1857 and F/Deptt. (Judl), NWP, Vol. 74 (1858), played a prominent role in organizing UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) the rebel forces in Awadh; he was (1858), MSAB] appointed the administrator of Jaunpur and Azamgarh by Nawab Beneepershaud: Resident of Pulwar, Birjis Qadr, the proclaimed ruler of Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Awadh; he led the rebel troops in Western Provinces (now Uttar several battles against the British and Pradesh); he joined hands with the carried on the fight till the resistance rebels of his area during the Uprising of his forces ended, thereafter he of 1857, and fought the British forces escaped to the Nepal hills along with on several occasions; he was caught Begum Hazrat Mahal, the Regent of by the British in the course of an Awadh; he continued to repel the engagement, accused of ëplundering British attacks on the Nepal border the British property and rebellion where he was killed during an against the Britishí, sentenced to encounter with the enemy. [Mutiny death and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.20] Per. Srs.), UPRAA] Beni Persad: Born in Muttra [Mathura], Beney Pershaud: Belonged to Allahabad, the North-Western Provinces (now North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British Pradesh); he was a Jemadar [Jamadar] at several places during the Uprising under the British Government, but of 1857; he was caught by the left it during the Uprising of 1857 and advancing British army at the time joined the rebels in their fight against of their raids on the Mathura region, the British; he also offered financial and charged with ëmurder and assistance to the local people and rebellioní; he was sentenced to death incited them to attack the British in 1858 with confiscation of his Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 77

property, and hanged soon (now Rajasthan); took part in the thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Mathura Bhagat Bhil movement in southern Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Rajasthan that Govindgiri started in Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] 1907, preaching monotheism among the Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and Bhadar Singh: Resident of teh. Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. socio-religious endeavour changed Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now into a politico-economic movement, Rajasthan); Thakur; took part in a against the extraction of Begar (forced meeting of the kisan agitators held at labour) and exploitation of the Bhils Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to by the petty officials of the demonstrate against the Maharajaís Dungarpur and Banswara States and mal-administration and his land Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Bhadario was one among those settlement the Biswedari rights of the thousands of Bhagat Bhils who Rajputs were forfeited and the land joined this movement and warned revenue had been increased by fifty the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers per cent. Though all agriculturists in the first week of November 1913, were affected adversely by it, the either to remove the main grievance Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing of the Bhils or to face the the news of this gathering of the kisan overthrowing of the Statesí authority agitators, the Maharaja sent his State to oppress and ill-treat them. The Army to counter the rallyists at militancy of the Bhils and their Neemuchana. The troops gathering in Mangarh hill so surrounded the village, blocked all unnerved the British that they sent the exits from it and opened fire on their own troops along with those of the protesters without any prior the States to lay siege on Mangarh warning of dispersal. With many hill and disperse the gathering. On others, Bhadar Singh received bullet 17 November 1913 the combined wounds in the indiscriminate firing troops attacked the Bhil position and and died on the spot. Simultaneously, the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai the village was also set on fire by the Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315- not give up till many of them were J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 injured, 900 captured and 25, June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, including Bhadario, killed. The Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 incident did awaken the tribesmen November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, so much that Motilal Tejawat had not Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), found it difficult to mobilise them in NAI] 1921-22 against forced labour and high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll Bhadario: Hailed from Phelwa under Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March Garhi Jagir in Banswara State (now 1914; Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; distt. Banswara), Rajputana Agency BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 78 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

(referred in connection with the Bhaee Khan: Resident of the North- incident)] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; he was a Sepoy in Bhadru: Resident of Jagdalpur area the B. Company under the British- (now teh. Jagdalpur), Bastar State Indian army; he left the British (now in Chhattisgarh); took part in employment during the Uprising of the Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt 1857 and joined the rebel forces to of 1910 in Jagdalpur area of Bastar fight against the British; he was against the feudal and colonial caught in 1858 while resisting the exploitation, and the tribesí anxiety British forces, and sentenced to for maintaining their distinct ways death on the charges of ëdesertion of life. On 16 February 1910, and mutiny against the British following the direct confrontation authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, (Indrawati-ford battle) between the Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. rebels and the British where many Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] on the rebel side died, Bhadru and few others escaped from the scene Bhaga/Bhagi: Hailed from v. Mardapal, and rallied round the neighbouring teh. Kondagaon, Bastar State (now Ulnar and Netanar villages. ìOn the in Chhatisgarh); s/o Sudam Mahra; night of 25th February, the combined took part in the Adivasi (tribal) forces surrounded the Ulnar hill on Bhumkal ñ revolt of 1910 in the which the men of Netanar village [the Karangal area of Bastar against the rebels] were supposed to be colonial-feudal exploitation, and in encamped. The movement was well the tribesí anxiety for maintaining executed, and all the aboriginals their distinct ways of life. Under the [tribals] were captured.î Bhadru was leadership of Aytu Mahra, Bhaga/ one among those who were arrested, Bhagi organized the rebels of charged with ìwaging war against Keshkal valley and launched an the crownî, and prosecuted along agitation against the virtual British with others between 13 March and military occupation of Bastar. The 28 April 1910 (known as the rebels, spearheaded by Bhaga/Bhagi Jagdalpur trial) under Sections 25/ and led by Aytu, drew up a plan for 436/395. He was sentenced to one open armed conflict ñ to raid the year and six monthsí rigorous government armories, cut off imprisonment and put behind the communication lines with places bars in Bastar Jail. Later, in June 1910 outside Bastar, destroy telegraph and with others Bhadru was shifted to telephone lines and block roadways the Raipur Central Jail and before 7 from the Keshkal town to Jagdalpur, November 1910 he was tortured to obstruct troops coming into Bastar death. [F/Poll (Confidential), Nos 60, from Raipur and Dhamtari via 29 of 1910, NAI; Jail Records, Central Kanker. In spite of heavy repressive Jail, Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, measures and arrests, and despite cf HTPB, pp.245-57; BTRB, p.75] Jagdalpur remaining under complete Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 79

British control, the activities of Bhageeruthee: Belonged to Banda, the Bhaga/Bhagi and other tribal rebels North-Western Provinces (now Uttar in Keshkal valley went on unabated. Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined Following the British victory over the the anti-British forces during the rebels in the Indrawati-ford battle, Uprising of 1857, and fought against Bhaga/Bhagi and few others left the the British on a number of occasions; Keshkal valley and rallied round the he was caught by the British in course neighbouring villages. When the of their operations in Banda and put British-led forces followed and to trial on the charges of ëplundering, surrounded the rebels, many of them murder and rebellioní; he was were arrested, including Bhaga/ sentenced to death with the confisca- Bhagi. With others he was charged tion of his property in September with ìwaging war against the 1858; he was hanged later on. Crownî, and prosecuted on 4 April [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny 1910 under Section 457 of Indian Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Penal Code (known as the Jagdalpur (IX) (1858), MSAB] Trial). Sentenced to three yearsí rigorous imprisonment in Bastar Jail Bhagga Singh: Resident of Cawnpore and shifted to Raipur Central Jail in (Kanpur), the North-Western June 1910, he was severely tortured Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh) joined by the jail authorities and died before the anti-British rebel forces during 7 November 1910. [F/Poll the Uprising of 1857; took part in (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, fighting the British and destroying NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, their settlements in the Kanpur Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf region; he was caught by the British HTPB, pp.245-57; BTRB, pp.79,81] in the course of fighting in second half of 1857 and charged with Bhagbullee: Belonged to Banda, the ërebellion against the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar authorityí; sentenced to death in Pradesh); he participated during the December 1857, he was executed Uprising of 1857 in the rebel attacks soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, on the British establishments; he also Kanpur Mutiny Basta, 1857, UPRAA; provided financial support to the local Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), rebels for meeting their military MSAB] expenses; he was caught by the British during their raid on Banda Bhagirath Mistri: Born in 1898, in v. and sentenced to death in August Kamda, distt, Uttarkashi, Uttar 1858, on the charges of ëaiding and Pradesh; s/o Shri Julmu; Farmer; abetting the rebellion against the took part in the peasantsí movement British authority; his property was against the despotic Tehri-Garhwal also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, rulerís exorbitantly high land Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll revenue demand and his Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] introduction of unjust new forest law 80 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

in 1930; attended a meeting before the Riyasat (State) administra- organized by the peasants at Baman tion. When Jhanku Singh was shot in Tiladi maidan in the summer of 1930 the scuffle over the national flag, to protest against the high Bhagtin picked up the flag and handedness of the State police and refused to part with it till she was the killing of 2 innocent peasants on fired upon and killed by the police. 20 May 1930. On second day of the [H/poll. F.No. 563/III/1922, NAI; meeting the State armed police force, SSKS, 8, p. Ta] led by the Dewan Chakradar, had surrounded the venue and opened Bhagwan Das Rathi: Resident of Bhopal fire on the gathering. It resulted in state, the Central Indian Agency the killing of 17 and wounding of (now in Madhya Pradesh). A core many. Bhagirath Mistri received member of Bhopal Hindu Sabha; bullet wounds in the police firing and taking a cue from Gandhian Civil died on the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/ Disobedience, he played a major role 54/1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, in campaigning against the tyrannical I, p.39; SSKS, GD: p.1] Bhopal Durbar. Bhagwan Das Rathi was arrested on 15 May 1937 along Bhagirath Silawat: Resident of Indore, with some others and put behind the Madhya Pradesh; he was an Infantry bars in the Bhopal Central jail; Officer in the Holkarís Indore army tortured, indisposed and treated like but left the service during the a criminal accused, he died at home Uprising of 1857 and led a group of as soon as he was released. [H/Poll. rebels in fighting the British in F.Nos. B.11.97 NZ 75.76, B.4.1898, Indore; with his followers he N.61-62 (R), SAAMB; HBS, p.160] proceeded to Delhi to meet Emperor Bahadur Shah ëZafarí; he was given Bhagwan Din: Belonged to v. Pachpedi, some letters of the Emperor for teh. Majra Munda, distt. Kheri (now delivery to the Holkar ruler; while Lakhimpur Kheri), the United on his return journey to Indore, he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). With was intercepted by the Holkerís the introduction of Provincial troops; he, however, managed to Autonomy, a Congress ministry came escape to Dipalpur, where he was to power in the U.P. in 1937 and arrested by the British and executed started undertaking a number of in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, measures to relieve the Kisans of some Poll. Deptt. Vol. No. 60 (1859), of their governmental and landlor- MSAB; WWIM, III, p. 20] distí burdens. Resentful of the ministryís liberality, the Zammin- Bhagtin: Resident of Kairaha Bazar, distt. darsósupported by the British Rai Bareli, the United Provinces (now officials ñ intensified their offensive Uttar Pradesh). She took part in a against the peasantry. In one of the demonstration led by Jhunku Singh atrocious attacks on the peasants by in1921 to put the kisansí grievances the Zammindarsí men in 1939ñ40, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 81

Bhagwan Din was killed. [H/Poll, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); F.Nos. 3/6/42; 3/11/42; NAI; SSKS, joined hands with the anti-British 22, p. fa] forces during the Uprising of 1857; he accompanied the rebels on a Bhagwan Din: Resident of Lucknow, the number of occasions in their marches Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in to attack the British positions; he was Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with caught by the British troops in the the rebels of his area during the course of an engagement and hanged Uprising of 1857, and also in 1857, his property was also encouraged other people to attack the confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Abst. British establishments; he fought at Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), different locations against the British, UPSAL; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and died an encounter in the Chinhat, (1858), MSAB] Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Bhagwan Singh: Resident of v. Kuchai, UPRAA; QT] p.o. Indara, distt. Azamgarh, the United Provinces (now Uttar Bhagwan Sahi: Resident of v. Pradesh). In the wake of the ìQuit Narthugarh, distt. Bulandshar, the Indiaî movement, the police United Provinces (now Uttar inspector and the force under him at Pradesh); s/o Ramjas. He was killed the Madhuban police station had in a police firing while taking part in been ordered to raid the Congress a protest demonstration during the office in Dubari Division, put down Civil Disobedience movement in the National flag flying over it and 1930. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; destroy everything within. This RORCG; WWIM, I, p.40] incident on 13 August 1942 so inflamed the sentiments of the people Bhagwan Singh: Resident of distt. that they started gathering near the Bulandshahar, the United Provinces police station from every part of the (now Uttar Pradesh). The protest district on 15 August 1942. The demonstration that he took part demonstrators thereafter sought the during the Salt Satyagraha, was Thana in-Chargeís permission for accosted by the police and ordered putting up the National flag on the to stop proceeding. When it refused top of the police station which he to obey the order, the police opened curtly refused on the pretext of the fire on it at Gulawati village on 12 District Magistrateís presence inside. September 1930. Bhagwan Singh lost When the agitatorsí request had thus his life in the firing. [H/Poll, F.No. been turned down, they began to 3/54/1930, NAI; SSKS, 6, p. chha pelt stones on the Thana edifice and WWIM, I, p.40] were fired upon by the police from inside the building. In this firing Bhagwan Singh: Resident of Saidpur, many people were shot dead and Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western Bhagwan Das happened to be one 82 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

among those who had been killed on Bhagwana Ram: Resident of v. Dhadot, the spot on that day. [H/poll, F.No. p.o. Chirawa, Jaipur State, Rajputana 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 124; SSKS, 27, Agency (now Rajasthan); served as pp. ma, ya, ra la] Lance Naik in the Supply Unit of the British-Indian Army till he switched Bhagwan: Resident of p.o. Chaura, distt. over his loyalty to the Indian National Gorakhpur, the United Provinces Army in 1942; he was placed in the (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Ramnath 4th Guerilla Regiment as a Naik and Ahir. While the people were took part in fighting the British; he demonstrating during the Non was killed in action in Burma Cooperation movement on 5 (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, February 1922, the British police of F.Nos.403/INA, 498//INA (1945), Chauri Chaura thana suddenly NAI; WWIM, II] opened fire on them, resulting in deaths and injuries. When they ran Bhagwani: Born in 1831 in a village in of out of their ammunition and found Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western the gathering infuriated by the firing, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took the policemen panicked and hid part in the Uprising against the themselves in their police station. British rule in 1857, and participated Some in the crowd poured kerosene in the armed resistance against the oil on the thana building and set it on British forces; she was captured by fire, killing all the 23 policemen the British and executed on the inside. Bhagwan was accused of gallows in 1858 on the charges of taking part in this well-known ësedition and rebellion against the incident, sentenced to death and British. [Mutiny Records, hanged 2 July 1923. [H/poll, F.No. Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Basta, 563/III/1922, NAI; TR, 14 January UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) 1923, RSAB; SSKS, 36, p. 1 & 10] (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, pp.20-21]

Bhagwana Ram: Resident of v. Dhadot, Bhagwati Prasad: Born in 1918 in distt. Jaipur State (now district-Jaipur), Allahabad, the United Provinces Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); (now Uttar Pradesh). A mill-worker he was earlier a Lance-Naik in the by occupation he enthusiastically took 7/9 Rajput Regiment of the British- part in the ìQuit Indiaî movement. Indian Army; in 1942 he decided to He was critically wounded in the join the Indian National Army and British soldiersí firing while taking became Naik in the 4th Guerrilla part in a demonstration against the Regiment; while fighting the British- Government in Allahabad on 13 led forces in pitched battles on the August 1942. Subsequent to the Burma (Myanmar) border, he was injuries, he died on the same day. killed in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, 479, 498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, I, p.41; BCA, p. 114] II, p.31] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 83

Bhagwati: Born in 1834 in a village in behind the bars in Bastar Jail. Later Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western in June 1910 Bhaira was shifted to the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); she Raipur Central Jail, where he died participated in the armed struggle (before 7 November 1910) suffering against the British rule during the ill-treatment and tortures by the jail Uprising of 1857; she was caught by authorities. [F/Poll (Confidential), the advancing British army in 1858, Nos 60, 29 of 1910, NAI; Jail Records, and accused of ërebellion against the Central Jail, Raipur, List of Bastar Britishí; executed on the gallows in Prisoners, cf HTPB, pp.245-57] 1858. [Mutiny Records, Muzaffar- nagar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Bhairaw Singh: Resident of Jaunpur, Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) (1858), MSAB; North-Western Provinces (now uttar WWIM, III, p.21] pradesh); he participated in the Uprising of 1857; he gathered Bhaira: Belonged to Jagdalpur area in information about the troop Indrawati valley, Bastar State (now movements of the British and passed in Chhattisgarh); took part in the it over to the rebels; he was arrested, Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt of put on trial on the charge of 1910 in the Jagdalpur region of Bastar ëestablishing contacts with the rebelsí against the feudalñcolonial exploita- and was awarded capital tion, and in the tribesí anxiety for punishment; on 16 October 1857 he maintaining their distinct ways of was hanged. [Mutiny Records, life. On 16 February 1910, following Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll the direct confrontation (Indrawati- Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) (1858), MSAB] ford battle) between the rebels and the British where many people died Bhairo Singh: Resident of Jhansi State on the rebel side, Bhaira and few (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in others escaped from the scene and the Uprising of 1857; joined the anti- rallied round the neighbouring Ulnar British rebel forces and driven out and Netanar villages. ìOn the night the Britishers from Jhansi and its of 25th February, the combined neighbouring areas during 1857-58; forces surrounded the Ulnar hill on with the turn of the table in favour which the men of Netanar village [the of the British in 1858, the rebel forces rebels] were supposed to be were defeated and pushed back to encamped. The movement was well Jhansi; while defending the Jhansi executed, and all the aboriginals fort, Bhairo Singh was caught by the [tribals] were captured....î With enemy and imprisoned in the Jhansi others Bhaira was arrested, charged Central Jail; later he was sentenced with ìwaging war against the to death in 1859 and executed soon crownî, and tried between 13 March thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi and 28 April 1910 (known as the Mutiny Basta, 1860, UPRAA; Poll Jagdalpur Trial). Seventy eight of the Deptt, Vol. No.36 (1860), MSAB] rebels, including Bhaira, were put 84 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Bhairon Nauth: Resident of Futtehpore Auha in January 1858; Bhairon Singh [Fatehpur], the North-Western Jodha died in the battlefield while Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he fighting against the British forces in joined hands rebel forces during the January 1858. [NR; WWIM, III, p.21; Uprising of 1857 and fought against RMSS, p.8-12 RAD, pp.270-274; RKSS, the British at different places in the pp.110-125; Sujas, No 4, June-July Fatehpur-Kanpur area; he also 1998, Jaipur, p.80] provided funds to the local people and encouraged them to plunder the Bhajan Mian: Resident of distt. Deoria, British establishments; he was killed the United Provinces (now Uttar by the British in one of their attacks Pradesh). He received serious bullet on the rebels in 1857. [Mutiny wounds in firing by the military Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta patrol at Decooghat (Deoria) in (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] August 1942 during the ìQuit Indiaî movement, and died of these on the Bhairon Prasad: Resident of Benares same day. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, [Varanasi], the North-Western NAI; BCA, p. 126; WWIM, I, p.41] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Bhajan Singh: Inhabitant of the Garhwal fought against the British at various Division, the United Provinces (now places in Varanasi; he also incited his Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the neighbours to fight against the British 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- and their loyalists; caught by the Indian Army; he left the British British troops during their operation service to join the Indian National in this region, and charged with Army in 1942 and served it as Sepoy ëmurder and rebellion against the in the 3rd Infantry Battalion; he died British authoritiesí; he was sentenced while fighting against the Allied to death and hanged in 1858; his forces at Kindat, Burma (now property was also confiscated. Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946),NAI; Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] WWIM, II, p.32]

Bhairon Singh Jodha: Belonged to Bhajjun: Resident of Agra, the North- Gerau, Jodhpur State (now distt. Western Provinces (now Uttar Jodhpur) Rajputana (now Rajasthan); Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces s/o Thakur Ranjit Singh; Jagirdar (of during the Uprising of 1857 and went Gerau); along with the Jagirdars of up to Bulandshahar fighting the Auha, Asop, Gular and Alniyawas, British; he also took part there in an he joined the rebel soldiers at Auha attack on the British officers and their and extended his services (with men establishments; he was caught by the and money) to them; fought against British in the course of an the British troops led by Brigadier- engagement and hanged in 1858 on General Gorge St. P. Lawrence at the charges of ëmurder of the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 85

officers and plundering the demonstration at Madhuban during Government property during the the ìQuit Indiaî movement of 1942. rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi When the protesters were indiscrimi- Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, nately fired upon by the British Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] soldiers, Bhakti singh received bullet wounds and died on the spot. [H/ Bhaktawar Singh: Resident of teh. Poll, F.N. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. p.41] Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); participated in a meeting Bhal Singh alias Bhalla: Hailed from v. of the kisan agitators at Neemuchana Neemuchana, (teh.) Bansoor, Alwar on 14 May 1925 to remonstrate State (now distt. Alwar), the against the Maharajaís oppressive Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); administration and his land Darogha. He participated in the kisan settlement policy of 1923-24. In this agitatorsí meeting held at settlement the Biswedari rights of the Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to Rajputs were forfeited and the land protest against the Maharajaís mal- revenue increased by fifty per cent. administration and his land Though all agriculturists were settlement policy of 1923-24. In this affected adversely by it, the Rajputs settlement the Biswedari rights of the suffered the most. Hearing the news Rajputs were forfeited and the land of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja revenue had been increased by fifty sent his State Army to deal strongly per cent. Though all agriculturists with the rallyists at Neemuchana. The were affected adversely by it, the troops surrounded the village, Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing blocked all the exits from it and the news of this gathering, the opened fire on the protesters without Maharaja sent his State Army to any prior warning. Bhaktawar Singh counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. was injured in the indiscriminate The troops surrounded the village, firing and died on the same day. blocked all the escaping routes from Simultaneously with this assault, the it and opened fire on the protesters village was set on fire by the State without any prior warning of troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 dispersal. Bhal Singh alias Bhalla of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June received severe gun shots in the 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta indiscriminate firing and died on the No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November spot. Simultaneously, the village was 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, also set on fire by the State troops. F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Bhakti Singh: Born in 1921 in distt. Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, Azamgarh, the United Provinces F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, (now Uttar Ppradesh); s/o Sarnam RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Singh; farmer. He joined the protest F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] 86 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Bhambu: Hailed from Kushalgarh, Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March Banswara State (now distt. 1914; Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; Banswara), the Rajputana Agency BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 (now Rajasthan); took part in the (referred in connection with the Bhagat Bhil movement in southern incident)] Rajasthan that Govindgiri started in 1907, preaching monotheism among Bhan Singh: Resident of Hinduan, a the Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and town in Jaipur State (now in distt. Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís Sawai Madhopur), the Rajputana socio-religious endeavour changed Agency (now Rajasthan); took part into a politico-economic movement, in the 1857 Uprising in the Jaipur against the extraction of Begar (forced State and was arrested; the Jaipur labour) and exploitation of the Bhils State troops stationed at Hinduan by the petty officials of the became rebellious and rescued Bhan Dungarpur and Banswara States and Singh and other insurgents; along Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). with others, he was soon re-captured Bhambu was one among those and sent to Agra by the Political thousands of Bhagat Bhils who Agent of Jaipur. Bhan Singh was tried joined this movement and warned at Agra and executed. [F/Cons, S.C the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers 30 April 1858/149-150 A, NAI; Mil/ in the first week of November 1913, Deptt. No. M-06-1 (Pts.) Pad No.1/ either to remove the main grievance 2, F. No. 01, Pt.5/3, Jaipur State of the Bhils or to face the Records, RSAB cited in RSG, V 2, overthrowing of the Statesí authority pp.90-91] to oppress and ill-treat them. The militancy of the Bhils and their Bhandek Ranee: Hailing from Cawnpore gathering in Mangarh hill so (now Kanpur) in the United unnerved the British that they sent Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he their own troops along with those of joined the rebellious forces against the States to lay siege on Mangarh the British in Kanpur during the hill and disperse the gathering. On Uprising of 1857; participated in 17 November 1913 the combined plundering and attacking the British troops attacked the Bhil position and settlements in Kanpur and its the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai surrounding areas; at the time of the Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did British troopsí striking back, not give up till many of them were Bahndek was caught in the battlefield injured, 900 captured and 25, and tried for his anti-British role; he including Bhambu, killed. The was executed in 1857, [Mutiny incident did awaken the tribesmen Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, so much that Motilal Tejawat had not UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) found it difficult to mobilise them in (1858), MSAB] 1921-22 against forced labour and high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll Bhandu Tiwari: Born in 1874, resident Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 87

of Chhatarpur, the Central Provinces cent. Though all agriculturists were and Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); affected adversely by it, the Rajputs s/o Chhau Tiwari. He took part in suffered the most. Hearing the news the Civil Disobedience movement in of this gathering the Maharaja sent the northern part of the province in his State Army to counter the rallyists 1930. Arrested by the police and at Neemuchana. The troops detained in the Chhatarpur District surrounded the village, blocked all Jail on 14 January 1931, he died of the exit points from it and opened tortures by the jail authorities. [H/ fire on the protesters without any Poll (FR), F.Nos. 18/11/1930, 18/12/ prior warning of dispersal. Many 1930, 18/13/1930, NAI; FFMPC, I, p. people received severe gun shots in 116] the indiscriminate firing, including Bhanwara Singh, who dided on the Bhanu: Born in v. Hauz. Jownpore spot. Simultaneously, the village was [Jaunpur], the North-Western also set on fire by the State troops. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, Zamindar; he organized a group of RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; rebels, provided them with financial Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, support and arms, and attacked the F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, British establishments during the RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, 1857 Uprising; he also propagated F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] against the British and encouraged his neighbours to fight the firangis Bhao: Resident of Ghazeepoor (British); caught by the British troops [Ghazipur], the North-Western during their attack on this region, he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he was executed by hanging in June 1858 joined the rebels of his area and on the charges of ëmurder, aiding fought the British forces at several and abetting the rebellioní. [Mutiny places in Ghazipur during the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Uprising of 1857; he was caught by NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] the British forces after their re- occupation of the Ghazipur region, Bhanwara Singh: Resident v. Kohrri, and executed by hanging in 1859. (teh.) Bansoor, Alwar State (now [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (now Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He (IX) (1858), MSAB] participated in a meeting of the kisan agitators held at Neemuchana on 14 Bharat Dheemar: Resident of Saugor May 1925 to demonstrate against the (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he Maharajaís mal-administration and participated in the Uprising of 1857 his land settlement policy of 1923-24. and fought against the British forces In this settlement the Biswedari rights in the Sagar region; captured by the of the Rajputs were forfeited and the advancing British forces, he was land revenue increased by fifty per executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny 88 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Records, Poll. Deptt. Vol. II, No. 43C April 1922. The agitators, including (1859), MSAB] Bharmal Dhakar were influenced by Mahatma Gandhi and his movement Bharat Singh: Resident of v. Jhapkauli, and they shouted slogans: ëMahatma p.o. Babugarh, ps. Hapur, distt. Gandhi ki Jaií. The Jagirdars could not Meerut, the United Provinces (now tolerate it and a few days later when Uttar Pradesh); s/o Kaur Singh. Bharmal Dhakar was working in his Turned a Congress worker in 1931, fields, Devi Singh, the son of Nimoda he took active part in the Individual Jagirdar, reached there and severely Satyagraha movement and was beaten him to death. He also crushed arrested and imprisoned for 6 Bharmal Dhakar under his horseís months. In 1942 he was again feet, saying: ëwhere is your Gandhi arrested by the police and sentenced nowí. [NR, 30 April 1922, RSAB] to one yearís rigorous imprisonment for his role in the ìQuit Indiaî Bharose Beldar: Resident of v. & p.o. Pali, movement. He, however, died in distt. Gorakhpur, the United August 1942 serving his term in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). On Meerut Jail due to tortures by the 23 August 1942 approximately 25000 police. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; people gathered during the ìQuit SSKS, 16, p. da; WWIM, II, p. 33] Indiaî movement in Doharia to resolve to end the British rule and Bharesa Roy: Resident of Azimgurh achieve their freedom. When the [Azamgarh], the North-Western people came in direct confrontation Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); with the administration and the Rajpoot [Rajput]; he fought the situation went out of control, the British forces at several places in police opened fire on the agitating Azamgarh during the Uprising of satyagrahis and killed 11 persons. 1857; he also offered financial support Ghiraw Barai was among those killed to others for buying arms and to in the firing on the same day. [H/ attack the British establishments; he poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; was caught by the British army after SSKS, 36, p. 2 & 26] their re-occupation of the Azamgarh region, and executed by hanging in Bhau Chitnis: Belonged to Mahidpur, 1859. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi Madhya Pradesh; Amaldar; he joined Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, the struggle against the British in Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] 1857 and provided financial support to the rebels of his locality; he also Bharmal Dhakar: Resident of v. Nimoda, participated in rebel forcesí Kota State (now distt. Kota), the confrontations with the British army; Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan). caught by the British during an He took part in the protest against engagement in Mahidpur, he was the atrocities of the Jagirdars and Begar blown away with a cannon on 8 (force labour) at Nimoda in March- January 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 89

Deptt. Vol. II, No.43C (1859), MSAB] murder and rebellion against the Britishí; he died in imprisonment Bhavan: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] before his transportation. [Mutiny Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) joined the rebel forces in fighting NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll Deptt, against the British during the 1857 Vol. No.106 (1859), MSAB] Uprising, and implored others to support the rebel cause; he was Bhawani Dayal Singh: Resident of v. caught by the British troops in the Ramsinghpur, distt. Benaras midst of an encounter with then; (Varanasi), the United Provinces charged with ësedition, murder and (now Uttar Pradesh). A participant rebellioní, he was sentenced to death, in the ìQuit Indiaî movement, he and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny Records, was killed in the police firing on an Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- anti-British rally he joined at his 59), UPSAL] native place in August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 123; Bhawan Singh: Hailed from of the WWIM, II, p.128] Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was Bhawani Prasad: Hailed from Sagar, the a Soldier in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles Central Provinces and Berar (now of the British-Indian Army; he Madhya Pradesh); he joined the anti- shifted his loyalty to the Indian British rebel forces in the Sagar area National Army in 1942 and served it during the Uprising of 1857; his as Sepoy in the 3rd Infantry Battalion; troops kept attacking the British while fighting against the Allied outposts; he was caught eventually forces in Burma (now Myanmar) he by the British force and sent on the died on the battle ground at Trawang gallows on 20 July 1857. [Mutiny in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, Papers, Vol. I, NAIB; WWIM, III, pp. NAI; 221/INA WWIM, II, p.35] 16-17]

Bhawanee: Born in Jhansee [Jhansi], Bhawani Prasad: Resident of v. Uttar Pradesh; joined the rebels in Majhgawan, distt. Jabalpur, Madhya attacking and plundering the British Pradesh; s/o Mulai Ram Dhimar. offices in Jhansi region during 1857 Participated in the ìQuit Indiaî Uprising; he also provided financial movement of 1942 from Jabalpur support to the rebels and incited division. He was arrested, tried and others to take up their arms against imprisoned in the Jabalpur District the British; he was captured in the Jaily. Released in a critical condition course of the British operations in November 1942, he died shortly against the rebels; he was sentenced thereafter. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, to transportation for life with F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; confiscation of his property in 1859 MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, p.93] on the charges of ëplundering, 90 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Bhawani Singh (Salar): Resident of Malwa region, the Central India Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) Agency (now Madhya Pradesh); Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Thakur (landlord) of Sandal; enlisted joined the Uprising of 1857 and on the rebel side by Raja Bakhat Bali played a leading role in organizing (ruler of Amjhera) during the the rebel forces of his region, and also Uprising of 1857 for resisting attacking the British authorities in unwanted British intrusions in the Lucknow on several occasions; he tribal region; he took part in the died while fighting against the tribal attack on the Bhopawar British army at Zard Kothi, Lucknow Political Agency on 3 July 1857; he in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow was captured by the British forces in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] the course of the encounter and hanged till death on 20 July 1857. Bhawani Singh: Belonged to v. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Bhainswal, Muzaffarnagar, the WWIM, III, pp. 16-17] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took a leading part in Bhawani Singh: Resident of Unnao, the attacking the British outposts during North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the 1857 Uprising near his village; he Pradesh); he participated in the also led a group of rebels in Uprising of 1857 and fought the plundering the British treasury with British at various places in the Unnao- a view to meet the military expenses; Kanpur region; he also incited others he was captured by the British troops to plunder the British properties; he and executed by hanging in 1857. was killed during a confrontation [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl with the British army in Unnao in Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; Poll 1857. [Mutiny Records, Unnao Deptt, Vol. No.46 (III) (1858), MSAB] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] Bhawani Singh: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Bheda Singh: Belonged to the Oudh Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the [Awadh] Province (now Uttar resistance against the British during Pradesh); s/o Udey Singh; Rajput; the Uprising of 1857 and fought the joined the rebel forces during the British forces in different Uprising of 1857 and fought against engagements in the Lucknow region; the British officials and troops in his he was killed by the British army in village; he was caught by the British the course of an encounter at Bailley in the course of an engagement and Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] (1858), UPSAL] Bheek Singh: Belonged to Jagdishpur, Bhawani Singh: Resident of Bhaopawar, Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 91

Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta was a Sepoy in the British-Indian No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November Army but left it to join the rebels 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, during the Uprising of 1857; he F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] fought against the British in Lucknow and managed to reach Delhi and then Bheema: Born in Futtehgurh [Fatehgarh], to Haryana; he was caught by the the North-Western Provinces (now British soldiers and convicted for Uttar Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he ëdesertion and mutiny against the took part in the fight against the British authorityí; sentenced to death British during the Uprising of 1857; at Jhajjar in 1857, he was executed by he also offered financial support to hanging. [Mutiny Records, Judl. the rebels of his area for buying arms Deptt. (Delhi Div), F.No.3 (1858), and to attack the British establish- HSAP] ments; he was captured after the British re-occupation of this area and Bheema: Belonged to v. Neemuchana, charged with ëplundering the teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State Government property and rebellion (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana against the Britishí; he was sentenced Agency (now Rajasthan); Brahmin; to death in 1858 and executed by participated in the kisan agitatorsí hanging. [Mutiny Records, Agra meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, May 1925 to demonstrate against the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Maharajaís oppressive administration and his land settlement policy of Bheemsein: Resident of Iradutnugur, 1923-24. In this settlement the Agra, the North-Western Provinces Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were (now Uttar Pradesh); Thakoor forfeited and the land revenue had [Thakur]; he was a Naick [Naik] in been increased by fifty per cent. the A. Company of the British-Indian Though all agriculturists were army; he left the British service affected adversely by it, the Rajputs during the Uprising of 1857 and suffered the most. Hearing the news fought against the British at several of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja places in his region; he died in 1858 sent his State Army to counter the while resisting the advancing British rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra surrounded the village, blocked all Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. the exit routes from it and opened Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] fire on the protesters without any prior warning. Bheema was seriously Bheen Sein: Resident of the Oudh injured in the indiscriminate firing [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar and died. Simultaneously, the village Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy was also set on fire by the State in the A. Company of the British- troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 Indian army; he left the British of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June service during the Uprising of 1857 92 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

and fought against the British at arrested by the British in 1880 and several places; he died in 1858 while dragged to the gallows in the same resisting the advancing British forces. year. [H/Poll, F.No.28/08/1880, [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny NAI; MPDGN, p.122; TCIAI, p. 18] Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Bhikam Khan: Belonged to Dhar, Madhya Pradesh; s/o Peer Bheer Singh: Belonged to Lucknow, the Mohammad; he took part in the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Uprising of 1857 and fought against Pradesh); he joined hands with the the British forces at several places in rebels and fought the British forces the Dhar region; caught by the British at a number of places in Lucknow during an engagement, he was during the Uprising of 1857; he also executed on 11 January 1857. [ Mutiny participated in the rebelsí attacking Records, Poll. Deptt. Vol. No. 56 and plundering the British properties; (1859), MSAB; WWIM, III, p.23] he died while confronting the British army at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in Bhikaree: Inhabitant of Unnao, the March 1858. [Mutiny Records, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Pradesh); he took part in the Uprising of 1857 and fought the Bhekhum: Resident of Munwan, British forces on several occasions in Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- the Unnao-Kanpur region; he also Western Provinces (now Uttar provided financial support to the Pradesh); Aheer; he fought the rebels for buying arms, and British forces at several places in encouraged them for plundering the Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; British properties; he was killed he was caught by the British when during an encounter with the British they were re-occupying the Ghazipur army in Unnao in 1857. [Mutiny region, and executed by hanging in Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] (1858), MSAB]

Bhijania: Resident of Nimar, Central Bhilla: Resident of Banswara State (now India Agency (now Madhya distt. Banswara), the Rajputana Pradesh); a trusted lieutenant of Agency (now Rajasthan); he took part Tantia Bhil, took part in the Bhil in the Bhagat Bhil movement in tribesí armed resistance against southern Rajasthan that Govindgiri British encroachments into their started in 1907, preaching territories, as well as against the monotheism among the Bhils and subjection of its people to economic Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara deprivation in the late 1870s in States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- Nimar, Dhar, Jhabua, Hosangabad religious endeavour changed into a and Malwa region; he had been politico-economic movement, against Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 93

the extraction of Begar (forced labour) that was fired upon, near the Bairiya and exploitation of the Bhils by the police station on 18 August 1942, petty officials of the Dungarpur and Bhim Ahir received severe bullet Banswara States and Sunth (a small injuries and died of these on the same state in Gujarat). Bhilla was one day. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; among those thousands of Bhagat BCA, p. 112] Bhils who joined this movement and warned the Dungarpur and Bhim Singh Rana: Resident of the Banswara rulers in the first week of Garhwal Division, the United November 1913, either to remove the Provinces (now Uttarakhand); earlier main grievance of the Bhils or to face he was a Jamadar [Jamadar] in the 5/ the overthrowing of the Statesí 18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- authority to oppress and ill-treat Indian Army but left it in 1942 to join them. The militancy of the Bhils and the Indian National Army; he was their gathering in Mangarh hill so posted as Lieutenant in the Ist unnerved the British that they sent Bahadur Group of the INA; while their own troops along with those of fighting against the Allied forces in the States to lay siege on Mangarh Burma (now Myanmar) he received hill and disperse the gathering. On severe injuries and admitted in a 17 November 1913 the combined hospital at Mandalay; he died in the troops attacked the Bhil position and hospital in 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos. the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.36] Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did not give up till many of them were Bhim Singh Thapa: Hailed from distt. injured, 900 captured and 25, Almora, the United Provinces (now including Bhilla, killed. The incident Uttarakhand); he was a Sepoy in the did awaken the tribesmen so much British Indian Army; enrolled that Motilal Tejawat had not found himself in the Indian National Army it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- in Malaya in 1943 and served it as 22 against forced labour and high rate Captain; died while fighting the of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc British forces in Burma (Myanmar) (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March 1914; in 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 p.329] (referred in connection with the incident)] Bhima Naik: Resident of Dholi Bhowlee, Barwani State, Madhya Pradesh; a Bhim Ahir: Resident of v. Bhagwanpur, prominent leader of the Bhils of distt. Ballia, the United Provinces Nimar; took part in the Uprising of (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Wakil Ahir. 1857 against the British raj; he raised He took an active part in the ìQuit an anti-British force by bringing in Indiaî movement of 1942 in his area. men from Bhil, Bhilala, Mandoi and While participating in a protest rally Naik tribes, and collaborated with 94 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Tantia Tope; he deployed his troops Bhojpal Singh: Hailing from Jhansi on the Bhil-populated Bombay State, (now Uttar Pradesh); inspired [Mumbai] ñ Agra Highway, where by the Uprising of 1857 and resenting they constantly disturbed the British the British interference in the Jhansi troop movements; the British affairs, he joined the rebel forces and authorities tried hard to corner and participated in the destruction of capture Bhima since 1859, but British establishments in Jhansi; succeeded in arresting him only in when the British were recovering 1861 from his jungle hideout; he was their lost ground in Jhansi in 1858, found guilty, sentenced to he was captured by them; accused of transportation for life, and sent to ëtaking part in the rebellion against Cellular Jail of the Andaman Islands, the Britishí, Bhojpal Singh was where he died in detention. [Mutiny executed in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Papers, I, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB; WWIM, Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] III, pp. 103-104] Bhola Kirad: Resident of resident of Bhogi Ram: Born in v. Jaspura, teh. Jubbulpore [Jabalpur], Central Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State Provinces and Berar (now Madhya (now in distt. Karauli), Rajputana Pradesh); s/o Antu Kirad, completed Agency (now Rajasthan); he served schooling up to IV standard. He took as Sepoy in the 8th Punjab Regiment part in the ìQuit Indiaî movement of the British-Indian Army; in 1942, in the Jabalpur division in September he decided to join the Indian National 1942. Bhola was arrested, tried and Army in the same rank in the 3rd imprisoned in the Jabalpur Central Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting Jail. After being in jail for about a the British in pitched battles, he was year, and tortured by the jail killed in March 1945 near the Sitang authorities, he died there on 2 River (Myanmar). [INA Papers, January 1943. [H/Poll (FR), F.Nos. F.Nos.403/INA, 498//INA (1945), 18/8/1942, NAI; FFMPC, II, p. 319] NAI; WWIM, II, p.36] Bhola Nath: Resident of Bareilly, now Bhoja: Born in the Oudh [Awadh] Uttar Pradesh; he took part in the Province (now Uttar Pradesh); took Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebel part in the Uprising of 1857 when it forces under the leadership of Khan broke out in his region; he also Bahadur Khan, who had declared accompanied the rebel forces in himself to be the ruler of Rohilkhand; attacking and plundering the British he fought against the British forces establishments; he was caught by the at several places in the Rohilkhand British troops and executed by region; he was captured by the hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, British during their re-occupation of Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- the Bareilly region, and charged with 59), UPSAL] ëplundering and rebellion against the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 95

Britishí; he was sentenced to death service during the Uprising of 1857 with confiscation of his property and and joined the rebels to challenge the executed in 1860. [Poll Deptt, Vol. British rule; he was caught in 1858 No.36 (1860), MSAB; WWIM, III, while fighting the British forces, and pp.23-24] sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny against the Bhola Ram: Resident of Hosseinpur, British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Western Provinces (now Uttar Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), Pradesh); he joined hands with the UPSAL] rebels of his area during the Uprising of 1857, and fought the British forces Bhola Singh: Resident of Shahjehnpoor on several occasions; caught by the [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western British in the course of an Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); engagement, he was accused of Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy ëplundering the British property and in the C. Company under the British- rebellion against the Britishí; he was Indian army; he stopped serving the sentenced to death and hanged in British during the Uprising of 1857 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, and joined the rebel forces; he was Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, File No. 17, caught in 1858 while fighting the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.36 British troops, and sentenced to (1859), MSAB] death on the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny against the British Bhola Singh: Resident of Madhya authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra Pradesh; previously served as a Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Sepoy in the 52nd Native Infantry of Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] the British-Indian Army; during his posting at Jabalpur he decided to join Bholareh: Resident of Ghazeepoor the rebel forces led by Baldev Shukul [Ghazipur], the North-Western at Katangi (in Jabalpur), and took Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he part in the Uprising of 1857 against joined the rebel forces of his area and the British; in the course of fighting fought the British at several places he was wounded seriously, captured in Ghazipur during the Uprising of by the British and executed in 1857. 1857; he was caught by the British [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Poll during their re-occupation of the Deptt, Vol. No. 50 (VII) (1858), Ghazipur region, and executed by MSAB; WWIM, III, p. 24] hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Bhola Singh: Resident of Agra, the Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), North-Western Provinces (now Uttar MSAB] Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. Company of the British- Bhole Nath: Belonged to Lucknow, the Indian army; he left the British Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar 96 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Pradesh); he took part in the armed movement indicated the growing resistance against the British rule unrest among the tribals of Siawa during the Uprising of 1857; he died and their open defiance of the Sirohi confronting the British forces at State authority between March and Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in April 1922. The headmen of Siawa November 1857. [Mutiny Records, and other villages spurned the Stateís Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. proposal to assemble at Abu Road for Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] a settlement of their grievances; the Bhils of Rohera and the Girassias of Bholey Khan: Resident of Humeerpoor Chandela, Girwar and the [Hamirpur], the North-Western neighbouering villages of Siawa Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he defied the State by carrying away joined hands with the rebels during crops from their fields without the Uprising of 1857, and also paying the Stateís dues. Thereupon, provided financial support to the local the State troops with the support of people and incited them to raise their the Mewar Bhil Corps attacked arms against the firangis (British); he Siawa, the village of the headman of was caught during an engagement the Girassias, on 12 April, 1922. As a with the British troops, and charged result of their indiscriminate firing, with ëaiding and abetting the Bholo and several other Girassia rebellion against the Britishí, he was agitators were killed; many others sentenced to death with confiscation were driven away to the hills; of property in 1859 and executed by thereafter several of their huts and hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny large quantity of grain were burnt. Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, [NR, 30 April and 18 June 1922, RSAB; UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.III, No.43D AMR, 1913-1947, pp.101-102] (1859), MSAB] Bhoman: Belonged to distt. Alwar, the Bholo: Resident of v. Siawa, Sirohi State Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); (now distt. Sirohi), the Rajputana served in the 7/8 Punjab Regiment Agency (now Rajasthan); Girassia of the British-Indian Army as a (tribe). He participated in the no-rent Sepoy; later shifted his loyalty to the campaign, known as the Ekki Indian National Army and served its movement, in the BhilñGirassia 3rd Guerrilla Regiment in the same villages of Siawa and others in position; he was killed in action Santnampur tehsil in Sirohi State. The against the Br5itish forces in Burma Ekki movement was launched for the (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, File prevention of the tribal peasantsí No. 498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, harassment by the State officials and p.36] for their redressal of the grievances of high rate of Hasil (land revenue), Bhondu Ram: Belonged to distt. Jaipur, Lag-bags (cesses) and Begar (forced Rajasthan; previously served as a labour) in the Sirohi State. The Sepoy in the 1/8 Punjab Regiment of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 97

the British-Indian Army; left it in 1942 was caught by the British in the and joined the Indian National Army course of an encounter in the as a Naik in the 3rd Guerrilla Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Regiment; he was killed in action 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi against the British forces in Burma Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (Myanmar) in 1944.[INA Papers, File Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] No. 498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.36] Bhoopal Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Bhondu: Resident of Jalalabad, the Oudh Uttarakhand); he was a Quarter- [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Master Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 5/ Pradesh); cultivator; along with his 18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- neighbourhood, he refused to oblige Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty the British forces with the supply of to the Indian National Army in 1942 rasad (provisions) at Jalalabad during and served it as Second Lieutenant the Uprising of 1857; he was caught in the 3rd Infantry Battalion; he fought by the British for this and hanged in against the British forces at several November 1857; his entire village was places in Burma (now Myanmar); he also plundered by the British troops. was killed in an air attack at Kalewa [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, Basta, UPRAA] 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.38] Bhoodhoo: Belonged to Mahomedabad, Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the Bhoopendar Singh: Born in v. Kurmath, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar p.o. Banoth, distt. Muzaffarnagar, Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined the United Provinces (now Uttar the rebel forces of his area during the Pradesh). He earlier served the Uprising of 1857 and fought against Hong Kong-Singapore Royal the British on several occasions; he Artillery of the British-Indian Army was caught by the British troops in as a Lance- Naik. He shifted his an encounter in the Gorakhpur loyalty to the Indian National Army region, and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny and served as Naik in its Intelligence Records, NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, Group. He was killed in the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) battlefield during the course of his (1858), MSAB] military duties near Kalewa in the late 1944. [INA Papers, No 1/INA, Bhoojun Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, NAI; ROH, pp. 658-59 WWIM, II, Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the p.37] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined Bhooray Khan: Resident of the Oudh the rebel forces of his area during the [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Uprising of 1857 and fought against Pradesh); Maivatee [Mewati]; he was the British on several occasions; he a Sepoy in the A. Company of the 98 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

British-Indian army; he left the sentenced to death with confiscation British service during the Uprising of his property in June 1858; he was of 1857 and fought against the British executed by hanging soon thereafter. at several places; he died in 1858 [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny while resisting the advancing British Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra (IX) (1858), MSAB] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Bhoowanny: Resident of Gwalee, Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Bhoorey: Resident of Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his area during the Uprising rebels during the Uprising of 1857 of 1857, and fought the British forces and fought against the British forces on several occasions; caught by the in the Banda region; he also incited British in the course of an the local people to kill the British; and engagement, he was accused of establish their own authority in place ëplundering the British property and of the Companyís; he was caught in rebellion against the Britishí; he was the midst of an engagement with the sentenced to death and hanged in advancing British troops in Banda, 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, and charged with ësedition, murder Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. and the rebellion against the Britishí; Srs.), UPRAA] he was sentenced to death with confiscation of property in July 1858 Bhoree Singh: Resident of Furreh, Agra, and executed by hanging. [Mutiny the North-Western Provinces (now Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Uttar Pradesh); Jat; he was a Sepoy UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) in the B. Company of the British- (1858), MSAB] Indian army; he left the British employment during the Uprising of Bhoos Lumberdar: Belonged to Banda, 1857 and joined hands with the rebels the North-Western Provinces (now for fighting against the British rule; Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the he was caught in 1858 while Uprising of 1857; he raised a body of encountering the British forces, and rebels and fought against the British sentenced to death on the charges of forces at various places in the Banda ëdesertion and mutiny against the region; he also provided financial British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, support to the local disgruntled and NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; incited them to take up arms against Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), the British; he was caught by the UPSAL] British troops at the time of their operations in Banda, and charged Bhoriya Ram: Resident of v. Mundiya, with ësedition, aiding and abetting teh. Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur the rebellion against the Britishí, State (now in distt. Karauli), Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 99

Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny he was earlier a Sepoy in the 7/8 Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP Punjab Regiment of the British-Indian (1858-59), UPSAL] Army; left it in 1942 and joined the Indian National Army as Sepoy in the Bhowanee Krn: Resident of the Oudh 3rd Guerrilla Regiment; on being [Awadh] Province (now Uttar deployed on the Burma (Mynmar) Pradesh); Brahmin; he joined the front, he fought against the British- Uprising of 1857 and fought against led forces and died in the fighting hands with rebels there; he was near Arakan (Myanmar) in 1944. captured by the enemy in Delhi and [INA Papers, F.No.15/INA, NAI; charged with ësedition and rebellion WWIM, II, p.38] against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death and executed by hanging on Bhoru Ram: Resident of v. Monda, distt. 18 January 1858. [Mutiny Records, Tehri-Garhwal, Garhwal Division, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div), F.No.3 the United Provinces (now the (1858), HSAP] Uttara-khand); s/o Lilanand; Took part in the peasant agitation during Bhowanee Purshad: Resident of the Civil Disobedience movement of Furruckabad [Farrukhabad], the 1930 against the oppressive Tehri- North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Garhwal rulerís imposition of high Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy land taxes. On 20 May 1930, the in the C. Company of the British- District Magistrate with his police Indian army; he left the British force arrived in Dandal village to employment during the Uprising of confiscate peasantís lands for non- 1857 and joined the rebelsí fighting payment of taxes, and that was against the British rule; he was resisted strongly by peasants. The caught in 1858 while confronting the ensuing clash between these two British forces, and sentenced to resulted in sudden opening of police death on the charges of ëdesertion firing in which Bhoru Ram was killed and mutiny against the British on the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/ authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra 1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, II, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. p.5; SSKS, GD: p.1] Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL]

Bhowana: Resident of Muttra [Mathura], Bhowanee: Resident of Banda, the the North-Western Provinces (now North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Pradesh); he provided financial Sepoy in the A. Company of the support to the rebels of Banda during British-Indian army; he left the the Uprising of 1857, and incited the British service during the Uprising local people to attack the British; he of 1857 and joined hands with the was captured by the British during rebel forces; he died in 1858 while their operations in Banda, charged resisting the advancing British forces. with ëaiding and abetting the 100 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

rebellion against the Britishí; he was atrocities, the rate of land tax, and sentenced to the transportation for its forcible collection. Hearing the life in August 1858; he died in news of the kisan gathering, a Senior captivity before his transportation. Police Officer (with a police party) [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny reached there, and ordered for lathi Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 charge first and then for opening fire (IX) (1858), MSAB] on the agitators. Many people, including Bhudaram, received severe Bhowanee: Resident of the Oudh gun shots in the firing, and Budhiram [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar died on the spot. [Rajasthan, 13 May Pradesh); Aheer; he was a Sepoy in 1934, RSAB; SKAI, p.118] the A. Company of the British-Indian army; he left the British service Bhuddoo Shaikhanee: Resident of during the Uprising of 1857 and Allahabad, the North-Western joined hands with the rebel forces to Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he challenge the British rule; he fought participated in the Uprising of 1857 against the British at several places, and fought against the British forces and died in 1858 while resisting the at different places in the Allahabad advancing British forces. [Mutiny and Fatehpur regions; he also incited Records, NWP, Agra Etawahh the local people to go all-out for Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. overthrowing the British rule; he was Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] caught by the British during their attacks on Allahabad and charged Bhowanee: Resident of the Oudh with ëaiding the rebellion and inciting [Awadh] Province (now Uttar the people for murdering the Britishí; Pradesh); took part in the fighting he was sentenced to death in July against the British during the 1857 and executed by hanging. Uprising of 1857; he also incited those [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny around him to take up their arms Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 against the British; he was caught by (IX) (1858), MSAB] the Companyís army during an engagement, and charged with Bhugerah: Resident of Jhansee [Jhansi], ësedition and rebellioní; he died in Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel jail before his transportation. [Mutiny forces in fighting against the British Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) during 1857 Uprising; he also Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] provided financial support to rebels of his area and incited others to attack Bhudaram: Resident of v. Ajitpura, Jaipur the British; he was caught by the State (now in distt. Sikar), the British at the time of their re- Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); occupation of this area; put on trial Jat. He joined the kisan agitatorsí on the charges of ëaiding and meeting held at Kudan in May 1934 abetting the rebellioní, he was to remonstrate against the Jagirdarsí sentenced to transportation for life Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 101

with confiscation of his property in places in the Meerut region; he was 1859; he died in captivity before his caught by the British after the defeat transportation. [Mutiny Records, of the rebel forces and charged with Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- ëmurder and plundering the 59), UPSAL] Government property during the rebellioní; he was sentenced to death Bhugga: Resident of Nimar, Central India in 1858 and executed by hanging. Agency, Indore, (now Madhya [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Pradesh); took a leading part in Basta, UPRAA; AG (1859), MPSAB; organizing the rebel forces to fight Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), the British during the Uprising of MSAB] 1857 at Mandleshwar; while fighting he was captured by the British and Bhugwan Dass: Belonged to Ghuttea, executed in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, VI, Agra, the North-Western Provinces NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (now Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p. 24] a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the Contingent Guards of the Agra Bhugooab: Resident of Banda, the Central Prison; he left the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar employment during the Uprising of Pradesh); he took part in the 1857 and joined hands with the rebels Uprising of 1857 and fought against of the Agra area; he fought the the British forces at various places in British troops in several engage- the Banda region; he also incited the ments in the Agra-Mathura region; neighbourhood to take up its arms he was killed by the advancing against the British and their allies; he British forces when they raided raids was caught by the British troops at on the rebel positions in 1858. the time of their military advance in [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Banda, and charged with ësedition UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and rebellion against the Britishí; (1858), MSAB] sentenced to death with confiscation of property in July 1858, he was Bhuja: Belonged to Oudh [Awadh] executed by hanging thereafter. Province (now Uttar Pradesh); [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny participated in the Uprising of 1857 Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 soon after its outbreak in the Awadh (IX) (1858), MSAB] region; he fought against the British troops and persuaded others to join Bhuguta: Belonged to v. Bijraut, Meerut, the rebels; he was captured by the the North-Western Provinces (now British and sentenced to Uttar Pradesh); Jat; he participated transportation for life on the charges in the Uprising of 1857 and also of ësedition and rebellioní; he died incited his neighbourhood to raise in jail before transportation; his their arms against the British rule; he property was also confiscated. fought the British forces at several [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl 102 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] the British and was killed in action in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, Bhujjan Singh: Resident of Vuzeer- NAI; WWIM, II, p.38] poora, Agra, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Bhullan Singh: Hailed from v. Dhandar, was a Sepoy in the A. Company of p.o. Muradnagar, distt. Meerut, the the British-Indian army; he left the United Provinces (now Uttar British service during the Uprising Pradesh). Before his joining the of 1857 and joined hands with the Indian National Armyís Intelligence rebels to fight against the British rule; Group as a Havildar [Hawaldar] he he died in 1858 while resisting the served the British-Indian Army. He advancing British forces. [Mutiny was killed in action while engaged Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, in an encounter with Allied forces in UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- Burma (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA 59), UPSAL] Papers, No 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 654-55] Bhule Shah: Born in Puthra, Humeer- poor [Hamirpur], the North-Western Bhumani Prasad: Resident of Sagour Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); [Sagar], Jubbulpore Division, the Chuprasee [Chaprasi]; he participated Central Provinces and Berar (now in the Uprising of 1857 and provided Madhya Pradesh); previously served all the assistance to the rebels in their in the State police force as a fight against the British; he was constable; joined the anti-British caught by the Companyrajís troops rebel forces led by Adil Mohammad and charged with ëtaking part in the Khan in Sagour area during the rebellion against the Britishí; Uprising of 1857; he took part in sentenced to transportation for life attacking and plundering the British in 1859, he died in detention. [Mutiny outposts at Rahatgarh; when the Records, Hamirpur, Mutiny Basta, British succeeded in retrieving UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol.III, No.43D position in this area, they managed (1859), MSAB] to catch Bhumani from his native village; on the charges of ëaiding and Bhullan Singh: Born in v. Dhandar, abetting the rebellioní, he was distt. Meerut, the United Provinces sentenced to death by hanging on 25 (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Girdhar March 1858 [NAI, Poll Proc., file No. Singh. He was formerly a soldier in 134, Letters by and to the Governor No. 24 IBT Company of the British- General, Bundle 98, dated 9 March Indian Army, but in 1942 he 1858; 1857KAVRB, p. 139] abandoned earlier appointment and joined the Indian National Armyís Bhumo/Bhumiyo: Hailed from v. Intelligence Group as havildar Devala, Udaipur (Mewar) State (now [Hawaldar]. Being deployed on the distt. Udaipur), the Rajputana Burma (Myanmar) front, he fought Agency (now Rajasthan); took part Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 103 in the Bhagat Bhil movement in 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 (referred in southern Rajasthan that Govindgiri connection with the incident)] started in 1907, preaching monotheism among the Bhils and Bhungay: Belonged to Cheterkonee, Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- Western Provinces (now Uttar religious endeavour changed into a Pradesh); he fought the British forces politico-economic movement, against at several places in Ghazipur during the extraction of Begar (forced labour) the Uprising of 1857; he also and exploitation of the Bhils by the supported the rebels financially for petty officials of the Dungarpur and buying arms to attack the British Banswara States and Sunth (a small establishments; he was caught by the state in Gujarat). Bhumo/Bhumiyo British after their re-occupation of the was one among those thousands of Ghazipur region, and executed by Bhagat Bhils who joined this hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, movement and warned the Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Dungarpur and Banswara rulers in the first week of November 1913, Bhup Singh: Resident of Jhansi State either to remove the main grievance (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the rebel of the Bhils or to face the forces during the Uprising of 1857 overthrowing of the Statesí authority and participated in driving the British to oppress and ill-treat them. The away from Jhansi and its neighboring militancy of the Bhils and their areas; at the time of the British gathering in Mangarh hill so recovery of Jhansi in 1858, he was unnerved the British that they sent captured by them; accused of their own troops along with those of ërebellion against the British,í he was the States to lay siege on Mangarh sentenced to death in 1859. [Mutiny hill and disperse the gathering. On Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, 17 November 1913 the combined UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) troops attacked the Bhil position and (1858), MSAB] the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did Bhupal Singh: Born in 1884 in v. not give up till many of them were Himmatpur Manjhava, distt. Etawah, injured, 900 captured and 25, the United Provinces (now Uttar including Bhumo/Bhumiyo, killed. Pradesh); s/o Vishwanath. A kisan The incident did awaken the activist in the agitation against the tribesmen so much that Motilal exorbitant land taxes in 1931; he Tejawat had not found it difficult to joined a rally to welcome the released mobilise them in 1921-22 against political prisoners at Nagla Dhakau forced labour and high rate of land on 10 May 1931. The police fired revenue. [F/Poll Proc (Internal-A), upon it without any provocation and Nos 8-67, March 1914; Nos.18-22, Bhupal Singh succumbed to his bullet August 1914, NAI; BMBSR, pp.20-21, injuries on the same day. [H/Poll, 104 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

F.No. 3/6/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.49] Begun Jagirs in January 1922. They were agitating against the atrocities Bhur Singh: Belonged to v. of the Mewar police and the local Neemuchana, (teh.) Bansoor, Alwar British officials committed on the State (now distt. Alwar), the kisans of Sooras, Barlayas and Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Mandalgarh parganas of the Mewar Thakur. He participated in the kisan State. With others, Bhura was also meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 arrested by the police and sent to May 1925 to remonstrate against the Udaipur Fort Jail. In jail he was hit Maharajaís oppressive administration below the belt by the jail officials and and his land settlement policy of tortured to death. [NR, 29 January 1923-24. In this settlement the 1922, RSAB] Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were forfeited and the land revenue Bhure Lal: Born in 1922 at v. Auraiya, increased by fifty per cent. Though distt. Etawah, the United Provinces all agriculturists were affected (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Rajjan Lal. adversely by it, the Rajputs suffered He took part in a demonstration the most. Hearing the news of this taken out in connection with the gathering, the Maharaja sent his State ìQuit Indiaî movement at Auraiya Army to counter the rallyists at village on 12 August 1942. The Neemuchana. The troops protesters had to face police firing surrounded the village, blocked all on that day in which he received the escape routes from it and opened bullet wounds and died subsequen- fire on the protesters without any tly. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; prior warning. Bhur Singh received BCA, p. 103] severe bullet wounds in the firing and died on the spot. Simultaneously Bhuriyo: Resident of Dhangarmaou Jagir with this assault, the village was set in Udaipur (Mewar) State (now in on fire by the State troops. [Alwar distt. Udaipur, the Rajputana Agency Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; (now Rajasthan). The atrocities of the TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Mewar police and the local British Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, officials in Sooras, Barlayas and F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, Mandalgarh area of the Mewar RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, caused widespread unrest in the F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] whole of the State. The people of Yorav, Dhangarmaou, Begun, Bhura: Belonged to v. Raotedha, Jagir Neemri, Bhainsodgarh and Parsoli Begun, Udaipur (Mewar) Jagirs agitated against the Maharana Dhangarmaou, State (now in distt. and the British and launched a Chittorgarh, the Rajputana Agency Satyagraha in January 1922. When a (now Rajasthan); joined the large crowd of men and women, protestors of Yorav, Dhangarmaou, including Bhuriyo, demonstrated Neemri, Bhainsrodgarh, Parsoli and shouting ìBande Mataramî, they Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 105

were arrested and put behind the Agency (now Rajasthan). Worked bars in Udaipur Fort Jail. Bhuriyo under Begar (forced labour) for the was also arrested and detained in Jhalawar ruler. The Viceroy visited Udaipur Fort Jail, tortured by the jail meanwhile the Rajputana States in authorities and died in April 1922. December 1927 and his special train [NR, 29 January, 15 April 1922, RSAB] was to pass by the Jhalwar State on 8 December 1927. For the safety of the Bhurjarai Singh: Resident of Bhopal special train, the police forced a large State (Madhya Pradesh); he was a number of people from the nearby prominent rebel leader during the villages and posted each of them at a Uprising of 1857 in Jhansi; joined the certain distance on the railway track. rebel forces and fought against the Some of the people who resisted to British troops in the Jhansi region in perform this Begar were severely 1857-58; he was caught by the British beaten by the police. Bhutia was so troops during their re-occupation of badly assaulted by the police that he Jhansi and charged with ërebellion could barely stand on his feet; he against the British and aiding the died a couple of days later. [TR, 19 rebellioní, Singh was sentenced to December 1927, RSAB] death in 1858 and executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Bhuto: Hailed from v. Siawa, Sirohi State Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (now distt. Sirohi), the Rajputana Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o Harlo; Bhil Girassia (tribe). He participated Bhusee: Resident of Humeerpoor in the Bhil-Girassia (tribal) revolt of [Hamirpur], the North-Western 1922 in the Siawa, Valoria and Bhula Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he villages of Sirohi State against the took part in the Uprising of 1857 and atrocities of the Sirohi ruler, his land fought against the British forces at settlement policy, Begar (forced various places in the Banda region; labour) and cesses. In this settlement he also incited the local people to the Malgujari had been increased, take up arms against the British and along with the imposition of fresh their faithfuls; he was caught by the taxes. Bhuto was one among those British troops at the time of their two to three thousand Bhils who advance in Hamirpur, and charged gathered at Siawa village on 4/5 with ësedition and rebellion against April 1922 and decided that they the Britishí; sentenced to death with would not give the increased confiscation of his property in 1859, Malgujari, the Begar, and any other he was executed by hanging. [Mutiny cesses to the State. Hearing the news Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, of the Bhil gathering, the State Army UPRAA] and 200 soldiers of the Mewar Bhil Corps, led by Major Richards, Bhutia: Resident of Jhalawar State (now reached there and opened fire on the distt. Jhalawar), the Rajputana Bhil agitators on 12 April 1922 106 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

without any prior warning of to death with confiscation of his dispersal. Some of the Bhils could property, and executed by hanging manage to escape and fled to the hills. in 1860. [Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D However, a large number of them, (1859), MSAB, p.150; WWIM, III, including Bhuto, were severely p.24] injured in the firing and Bhuto died on the same day. Simultaneously Bhuwaneedeen Singh: Resident of with this firing, the village was Newariah, Jaunpore [Jaunpur], the looted and set on fire by the troops. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [NR, 30 April and 18 June 1922, RSAB; Pradesh); he joined hands with the AMR, 1913-1947, pp.101-102] rebels of his area during the Uprising of 1857, and fought the British forces Bhuwan Sahai: Resident of Bareilly, on several occasions; he was caught Uttar Pradesh; he took part in the by the British in course of an Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebel engagement, accused of ëplundering forces under the leadership of Khan the British property and rebellion Bahadur Khan, who had declared against the Britishí, sentenced to himself to be the ruler of Rohilkhand; death and hanged in 1860. [Mutiny he fought against the British forces Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny at several places in the Rohilkhand Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] region; he was captured by the British during their reoccupation of Bhwun Roy: Resident of Dhurnee, the Bareilly, and charged with Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- ëplundering and rebellion against the Western Provinces (now Uttar Britishí; he was sentenced to death Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he with confiscation of his property, and fought the British forces at several executed in 1860. [Poll Deptt, Vol. III, places in Ghazipur during the No.43D (1859), MSAB, p.150; WWIM, Uprising of 1857; he also offered III, p.24] financial support to the rebels for buying arms to attack the British Bhuwan Singh: Resident of Bareilly, establishments; he was caught by the Uttar Pradesh; he took part in the British after their re-occupation of the Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebel Ghazipur region, and executed by forces under the leadership of Khan hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Bahadur Khan, the self proclaimed Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] ruler of Rohilkhand; he fought against the British forces at several places in Bhyrma: Belonged to Banda, the North- the Rohilkhand area; he was caught Western Provinces (now Uttar by the advancing British army during Pradesh); he participated in the their re-occupation of the Bareilly plundering of the British properties region, and charged with during the Uprising of 1857; he took ëplundering, murder and rebellion part further in the attack on the against the Britishí; he was sentenced British army camps and in the pillage Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 107

of their arms; he was caught at the Bickwa: Belonged to Allahabad, North- time of the British offensive in Banda Western Provinces (now Uttar and executed in 1858 on the charges Pradesh); he joined hands with the of ëplundering and rebellion against rebels in fighting the British forces the Britishí; his property was also during the Uprising of 1857; he also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda incited the local people to attack the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, British and plunder their properties; Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] he was caught by the British troops in the course of their raids on the Bickhai: Belonged to Allahabad, North- Allahabad region and convicted on Western Provinces (now Uttar the charges of ëplundering and Pradesh); he was a Burkundaz rebellion against the Britishí; [Barqandaz] in police under the sentenced to death in July 1857, he British, but left it during the Uprising was executed by hanging. [Mutiny of 1857 to join hands with the rebels Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; in fighting the British forces; he also TIM, p.207] incited the local people to attack the British and plunder their properties; Bidhum: Belonged to v. Dumri Khurd, he was caught by the British troops p.o. Chaura, distt. Gorakhpur, the in one of their raids on the Allahabad United Provinces (now Uttar region, convicted on the charges of Pradesh); s/o Shivcharan. While the ërobbery and rebellion against the people were demonstrating during Britishí; sentenced to death in July the Non-Cooperation movement on 1857, and executed by hanging. 5 February 1922, the British police of [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper Chauri Chaura thana suddenly No.1] opened fire on them, causing deaths and injuries to many. Finding their Bickrum: Resident of Bhojepoor, ammunition exhausted and seeing Mynpoory [Mainpuri], the North- the infuriated people around, the Western Provinces (now Uttar policemen retreated and hid Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy themselves in the police station. Some in the B. Company of the British- in the crowd surrounding the thana Indian army; he left the British sprayed kerosene over it and set it service during the Uprising of 1857 on fire, killing all the 23 policemen for taking part in fighting against the inside. Charged with taking part in British rule; he was caught in 1858 this violent Chauri Chaura incident, while resisting the British forces, and Bidhum was tried, sentenced to sentenced to death on the charges of death and hanged on 2 July 1923. [H/ ëdesertion and mutiny against the poll, F.No. 563/III/1922, NAI; TR, 14 British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, January1923, RSAB; SSKS, 36, p. 1 & NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; 10] Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Bihari Ram: Resident of v. Pawta, teh. 108 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Mahwa, formerly in Jaipur State (now [Mutiny Records, Unnao Mutiny in distt. Sawai Madhopur) the, Basta, UPRAA] Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); a soldier in the 1/8 Punjab Regiment Bijay Singh: Born in v. Bhanerha, distt. of the British-Indian Army; shifted Muzaffarnagar, the United Provinces his loyalty to the Indian National (now Uttar Pradesh); formerly a Army and served it as Sepoy in the soldier in the 4/19 Hyderabad 3rd Guerilla Regiment; died while Regiment of the British-Indian Army, fighting with the British on the Burma he joined in 1942 the Indian National (Myanmar) front in 1944 [INA Papers, Army as a Sepoy in the 2nd Guerrilla F.No.498//INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, Regiment. He was killed in the course II, p.40] of an encounter with the British forces in Burma (Myanmar) in 1944. Biharilal Vyas: Resident of Ratlam State, [INA Papers, File No. 498/INA the Central India Agency (now (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.40] Madhya Pradesh). At the age of 20, he became an active member of Bijay Singh: Born in v. Lukh Larha, distt. Ratlam State Prajamandal, and Meerut, the United Provinces (now fought for civil liberties and Uttar Pradesh); s/o Shri Bhagat responsible government for the Singh; he was a Sepoy in the 4/19 Stateís subjects. He was falsely Hyderabad Regiment of the British- implicated in a trumped up criminal Indian Army before joining the conspiracy for illegally procuring Indian National Army in 1942 in its arms, arrested in 1940 and put into 2nd Guerrilla Regiment; he was killed Ratlam jail. He contracted cholera in action against the British forces in in the jail because of its poor Burma (now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA sanitary condition, released on Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, 379/INA medical ground and died in the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.40] hospital on 6 September 1941. [AISPC Papers (Ratlam State), F.No. Bijayee Singh: Resident of Pulwar, 148, NMML] Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Bijae Singh: Resident of Unnao, the Pradesh); he joined hands with the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar rebels of his area during the Uprising Pradesh); he took part in the of 1857, and fought the British forces Uprising of 1857 and fought the on several occasions; caught by the British forces at several places in the British in the course of an Unnao-Kanpur region; he also engagement, he was hanged in 1860. encouraged the rebelsí attacking the [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur British establishments and Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), plundering their properties; he was UPRAA] killed in an engagement with the British army in Unnao in 1857. Bije Singh: Resident of v. Bhanerha, p.o. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 109

Elan, distt. Muzaffarnagar, the Bijou Bhoi: resident of v. Murchhod, United Provinces (now Uttar distt. Seoni under Jubbulpore Pradesh). He was formerly in the [Jabalpur] Division, Central Provinces British-Indian Armyís 4/9 and Berar (now Madhya Pradesh). Hyderabad Regiment. He He took part in the Jungle volunteered to join the Indian Satyagraha of Seoni district and on 9 National Army and served as Sepoy October 1930; and when the raiding in the 2nd Guerrilla Regiment. He took police party fired upon the satyagrahis, part in the battles against the Allied he was shot dead. [H/Poll, forces on the Burma (Myanmar) front F.Nos.23/54/1930; 23/58/1930; (FR) and was killed in an encounter with 10/1930, NAI; FFMPC, I, p.631] the enemy troops in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No. 379/INA (1946), NAI; Bikha Singh: Resident of Pulwar, ROH, pp. 666-67 WWIM, II, p.40] Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Bije Singh: Resident of v. Lukh Larha, Pradesh); he joined hands with the p.o. Kuchesar, distt. Meerut, the rebels of his area during the Uprising United Provinces (now Uttar of 1857, and fought the British forces Pradesh). He was formerly a soldier on several occasions; he was caught of the 4/9 Hyderabad Regimen of the by the British during an engagement, British-Indian Army. Following the accused of ëplundering the British shifting his loyalty to the Indian property and rebellion against the National Army, he was sent to Burma Britishí, sentenced to death and front as a Sepoy of the 2nd Guerrilla hanged in 1860. [Mutiny Records regiment and was killed in the course Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. of an encounter with the enemy Srs.), UPRAA] troops in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.1/ INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 666-67 WWIM, Bikram Sonar: Resident of v. Shripal Pur, II, p.40] distt. Ballia, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). A farmer Bijnya Bheel: Resident of Khargone, activist, he participated in a march Jabalpour division, the Central organized at the height of the ìQuit Provinces and Berar (now Madhya Indiaî movement on 18 August 1942. Pradesh); joined the anti-British rebel When the marchers came close to forces during the Uprising of 1857; Bairiya Thana, they were fired upon while fighting against the enemy, he by the police. Bikram Sonar received was caught, imprisoned in Jabalpur fatal bullet wounds in the firing and Central jail and sentenced to death died on the spot. [H/poll, F.No. 3/ by hanging in the jail premises. 30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 113] [Mutiny Papers, VI, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB; Bikri Ram: Born in 1923 at v. Sripalpur, WWIM, III, p. 24] distt. Ballia, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He participated 110 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

in the demonstrations taken out March 1858. [Mutiny Records, during ìQuit Indiaî movement in Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Ballia and died of bullet injuries he received when the police fired upon it Bimlah: Belonged to Budaon [Badaon], in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; the North-western Provinces (now RORCG; WWIM, I, p.50; BCA, p. 112] Uttar Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands with the rebels of his area Bilal: Born in Lucknow, the Oudh during the Uprising of 1857 and (Awadh) Province (now Uttar marched towards Delhi while Pradesh); he participated in the fighting against the British forces; he Uprising of 1857 and led a small returned to his region after the fall group of rebels in attacking the of Delhi in September 1857; he was British establishments in Lucknow; caught by the British after their he died while fighting against the reoccupation of this area and hanged British army at Lucknow in 1858. on the charges of ëmurder and [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny rebellion against the Britishí. [Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Bilsnath: Belonged to Banda, the North- (1858), MSAB] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Bindad: Resident of Banda, the North- fighting against the British during the Western Provinces (now Uttar Rising of 1857; he also incited his Pradesh); he participated in the neighbours to attack the British fighting against the British during the establishments; he was caught during Uprising of 1857; he also incited the the British raids on Banda and neighbourhood to fight the British charged with ëaiding and abetting and their loyalists; he was captured the rebellioní; he was sentenced to during a British operation in the death in August 1858 and executed Banda region and charged withí by hanging; his property was also murder and rebellioní; he was confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda sentenced to death in August 1858, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, executed by hanging; his property Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] was also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Bima Singh: Resident of Lucknow, the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar (1858), MSAB] Pradesh); he fought the British at various places in Lucknow soon after Bindey: Resident of Mynpoory joining the rebels during the Uprising [Mainpuri], the North-Western of 1857; he also participated in the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); ransacking of the British properties; Aheer; he was a Sepoy in the B. he died while confronting the British Company of the British-Indian army; army at Qaiserbhagh, Lucknow, in he left the British service during the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 111

Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Division, the United Provinces (now with the rebels for fighting against Uttarakhand); earlier he was a Naik the British rule; he was caught in 1858 in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the while confronting the British forces, British-Indian Army but shifted his and sentenced to death on the loyalty to the Indian National Army charges of ëdesertion and mutiny in 1942 and served it as Naik in the against the British authoritiesí. 3rd Infantry Battalion; while fighting [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny against the British forces in Burma Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (now Myanmar) he died on the battle (1858-59), UPSAL] ground at Trawang in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA Bindra Ban: Resident of Lucknow, the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.41] Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Bira Singh: Hailed from distt. rebels of his are during the Uprising Gorakhpur, the United Provinces of 1857 and fought the British forces (now Uttar Pradesh). He voluntarily at different locales in the Lucknow joined the Indian National Army in region; he was killed while in action Malaya in 1942. As a soldier of INA, against the British army at Bailley he took part in various battle fields Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. against the British forces in Burma [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny (Myanmar) and died there in action Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, (1858), UPSAL] NAI; WWIM, II, p.41]

Binode Singh: Resident of Roadmolee, Birbal Ram: Born in Raisinghnagar, in Bah, Agra, the North-Western Bikaner State (now in distt. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Ganganagar), the Rajputana Agency Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a (now Rajasthan). On the occasion of Duffadar [Dafadar] with the the First Political Conference of the Contingent Guards of the Agra Bikaner Rajya Prajaparishad at Central Prison under the British Raisinghnagar (in Ganganagar), Government; he left the British Birbal Ram, a Harijan political service to join the rebels during the activist, marched with a tri-colour Uprising of 1857; he marched flagñin defiance of the Bikaner State towards Delhi along with the fellow ordersñin a procession on 1 July 1946. rebels and fought the British at On their failure to seize the flag from several places; he died in 1858 while him, the State Police opened fire on resisting the advancing British army. the procession. Birbal Ram received [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, severe bullet injuries and died on the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) spot. [Sardar Mohan Singh Papers, (1858), MSAB] RSAB; RSSS, pp.63-65; BKSSMBKY, pp.338-342] Bir Singh: Resident of the Garhwal 112 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Birjis Qadr: Resident of Lucknow, the Netram, Chaudhary Bhudharam, etc. Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar (who were also associated with the Pradesh); s/o Nawab Wajid Ali Shah Jaipur Praja Mandal movement) and (the deposed ruler of Awadh) and decided not to pay the Lag-Bags or Begam Hazarat Mahal; his cesses such as, Khuntabandi and Pan- proclamation during the Uprising of charai which the Thikanadars of 1857 as the ruler of Awadh, was Pacheri were forcibly collecting from ratified by the Emperor Bahadur the tenants. Challenged by them, the Shah ëZafarí; under Birjis Qadrís Thikanadarís men in Dhani Shiva regime (with his mother as Regent) Singhpura opened fire on the a Council of ministers was protesters. Birjuram received severe constituted, and the rebel forces bullet wounds in the firing on 16 organised; various proclamations September 1944 and died on the spot. were issued for the unity and welfare [Sujas, No 4, June-July, 1998, Jaipur, of the subjects, and the war against p.85; Judl Records, Jaipur, F.No. 5525, the British was carried on in his name Part II, 1939; Rvnu Records, Jaipur till the end of 1858; along with his (R-2 Settlement), F. No. 14, 1944, mother, Birjis Qadr escaped to RSAB; SKAI, p.198] Nepal, fell ill and died of malaria in the forests of Nepal. [Mutiny Birsa: Born in 1912, resident of v. Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Behadidhana, distt. Betul, Madhya UPRAA; TL, NAI; FSUP, I-II] Pradesh. He participated in a ìQuit Indiaî movement procession that Birju Boi: Resident of v. Turia was fired upon; seriously injured in Chhindwava, Central Provinces and the firing by the British troops, he Berar (now Madhya Pradesh). He succumbed to his injuries. [PCJ participated in the Civil Disobedience Papers Acc. No. 706; F.Nos 155, 156, movement in Chhindwara in 1930. 157 (PA), INA; JGP, 08 (1930), While taking part in a procession MPSAB; FFMPC, I, pp.56] during the movement, he was among those caught in the police Bisaboo: Resident of Banda, the North- firing and died on the spot. [PCJ Western Provinces (now Uttar Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, Pradesh); he provided financial 156, 157 (PA), NAI; MPSSZB, EBIFF, support to the rebels of his area I, p.102] during the Uprising of 1857; he also propagated against the British rule Birjuram: Hailed from v. Pacheri, and encouraged the local people to Shekhawati (now distt. Jhunjhunun), attack the firangis (British); he was formerly in Jaipur State, the Rajputana caught and charged with ëaiding and Agency (now Rajasthan); Ahir. He abetting the rebellioní, and sentenced participated in the anti ñ Thikanadar to death in August 1858; he was movement in 1944 led by Pandit executed by hanging. [Mutiny Tarkeshwar Sharma, Vidyadhar, Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 113

UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) National Army in 1942 and served it (1858), MSAB] as Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 3rd Infantry Battalion; he died while Bishan Singh: Resident of v. Saunyara, fighting against the Allied forces at distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the Kalewa, Burma (now Myanmar) in United Provinces (now 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, Uttarakhand); a Sepoy in the British- 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, Indian Army, he served on the p.44] Singapore-Malaya front and was captured by the Japanese force; Bobal: Resident of teh. Sardhana, distt. released at the intervention of the Meerut, the United Provinces (now Indian Independence League, he Uttar Pradesh). During the ìQuit joined the Indian National Army in Indiaî movement the Congress its 3/1 Guerilla Regiment and lost his workers organised a public meeting life while fighting the British on the at Bhabhauri village in Sardhana Burma (now Myanmar) front in 1944. tehsil on 18 August 1942. The police [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/ came to disperse the gathering; lathi INA (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; charged it, and opened fire on it EBIFF, I, p.102] without any prior warning. At least five persons were killed and Bobal Bisheshar Singh: Resident of v. Dihs, was one among them. [H/Poll, F.No. Dobhi Taluqa, Jownpore [Jaunpur], 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 16, 1970, p. da] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Zamindar; he took Bodoollah: Resident of Azimgurh part in the Uprising of 1857, and [Azamgarh], the North-Western fought in different engagements with Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); the British troops in the Jaunpur Sheikh; he was a Sepoy in the C. region; he was caught by the British Company under the British-Indian during their attacks on the rebel army; he left his employment during forces, and charged with ëmurder the Uprising of 1857 to join the rebel and rebellion against the British; he forces; he was caught in 1858 while was sentence to death and executed fighting the British troops, and by hanging from a tree near a village sentenced to death on the charges of in Jaunpur in 1858. [Mutiny Records, ëdesertion and mutiny against the Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, WWIM, III, pp.25-26] Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Bisram Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Bohwanee Been: Resident of Allahabad, Uttarakhand); he was a Havildar the North-Western Provinces (now [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles uttar pradesh); he participated in the of the British-Indian Army but fighting against the British during the shifted his loyalty to the Indian Uprising of 1857, and also 114 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

encouraged others to attack the Boocha Korku: Born in 1910, hailed from British establishments in Allahabad; v. Banjaridhal, distt. Betul, Madhya he was caught by the British at the Pradesh; s/o Nannhu. Cultivator; time of their attacks on the rebels in involved in the Jungle Satyagraha Allahabad, and charged with ëtheft, (Civil Disobedience movement), he murder and rebellion against the was sentenced on 29 November 1930, Britishí; sentenced to death in June under Section 333 and 148 I.P.C., to 1857, and hanged; his property was five yearsí rigorous imprisonment. also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Put in Betul and Raipur jails, he died Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; in the latter. [H/Poll, F.No.23/54/ TIM, p.219] 1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; FFMPC, I, p.70] Bonde: Resident of Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Boocha Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the against the British in Banda during North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the Uprising of 1857; in course of Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he fighting, he was caught by the British joined hands with the rebels of his forces and put on trial on the charges area during the Uprising of 1857 and of ëmurder and rebellioní; he was fought against the British on several sentenced to be hanged by the occasions; he was caught by the Special Commissioner of Banda in British in the midst of an encounter May 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), in 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, UPSAL] Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Bonyad Khan: Belonged to Moradabad, the North-Western Provinces (now Boocha: Resident of Banda, the North- Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebelsí Western Provinces (now Uttar fight against the British soon after the Pradesh); he joined the rebels on their outbreak of the Uprising of 1857 in call to fight the British during the the Moradabad region; he also Uprising of 1857; he also encouraged supported his comrades with arms his family members and neighbours and money for ransacking the British to take up their arms against the establishments; caught by the British and their loyalists; he was authorities and charged with caught by the British in the course of ëmurder, plundering and rebellion an encounter in Banda and sentenced against the Britishí in 1859, he was to death in September 1858, on the sentenced to death, with confiscation charges of ësedition, murder and of property. [Mutiny Records, Abst. rebellioní; he was executed by Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), hanging; his property was also UPSAL] confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 115

Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] British in an engagement, he was accused of ëplundering the British Boodha: Belonged to Vuzeerpoora, property and rebellion against the Agra, the North-Western Provinces Britishí; he was sentenced to death (now Uttar Pradesh); he was a Sepoy and hanged in 1860. [Mutiny Records in the B. Company of the British- Jhansi Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ Indian army; he left the British Per. Srs.), UPRAA] service during the Uprising of 1857 to join the rebels of his area and fight Boolooah: Resident of Allahabad, the against the British rule; he was North-Western Provinces (now Uttar caught in 1858 while encountering the Pradesh); Passie [Pasi]; he took part advancing British forces, and in the fighting against the British sentenced to death on the charges of during the Uprising of 1857, and also ëdesertion and mutiny against the participated in attacking and British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, plundering the British establishments NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; in Allahabad; he was caught by the Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), British at the time of their attacks on UPSAL] the rebel positions in Allahabad, and charged with ëplunder, murder and Boodhoo Khan: Resident of Shahgunj, rebellion against the Britishí; he was Agra, the North-Western Provinces sentenced to death in July 1857, and (now Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; he was executed by hanging. [Mutiny a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; Contingent Guards of the Agra TIM, p.224] Central Prison; he left the British employment during the Uprising of Bora: Resident of Jhansi State, (now Uttar 1857, joined hands with the rebels of Pradesh); a bullock-cart driver; he the Agra region and fought the joined the rebel forces during the British troops in several Uprising of 1857 and participated in engagements in the Agra-Mathura the destruction of the British area; he was killed by the advancing establishments in Jhansi and the British army during its attacks on the neighboring areas during between rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra 1857 and 1858; when the British were Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, recovering their lost ground in Jhansi Vol. No.53 (X) (1858), MSAB] in 1858, he was arrested by them; accused of ëtaking part in plundering Boodunn Ram: Resident of Moorwa, and rebellion against the Britishí, Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Bora was sentenced to be executed Western Provinces (now Uttar in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Pradesh); he joined hands with the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, rebels of his area during the Uprising Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] of 1857, and fought the British forces on several occasions; caught by the Braj Bahadur Singh: Born in distt. Basti, 116 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

the United Provinces (now Uttar messages, etc.); during the war Pradesh); s/o Jai Bahadur Lal. After period he was afflicted with completing his graduation in Arts tuberculosis and died of it on 23 from the Allahabad University he January 1945. [INA Papers, was appointed as Deputy Collector F.No.498//INA (1945), NAI] and later promoted as Secretary of the Sultanpur District Board. He also Brijlal: Belonged to v. Khamrabhar, p.o. became an Honorary Lieutenant in & ps. Kaptanganj, distt. Deoria, Uttar the 11/7 Rajput Battalion, Territorial Pradesh; s/o Tulsi. He was killed in Force of the Brtitish-Indian Army. a police firing while taking part in a But in 1939 he gave up all his lucrative demonstration during the ìQuit Government appointments and Indiaî movement in Deoria in 1942. joined the Indian National Congress. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; He took a distinctive part in the RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. 25, 26 & ga] Individual Satyagraha, 1941 and following his arrest, was detained in Brindaban Tewari: Resident of v. jail without trial. Due to the inhuman Chirbara, distt. Ballia, the United tortures in the Agra Central Jail, he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o died on 20 August 1941. [H/Poll, Gopichand Tewari. He was killed in F.No. 3/11/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.49] the police firing while taking part in a protest demonstration taken out Brij Lal Bhagat: Hailed from distt. during the ìQuit Indiaî movement Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir. He in Ballia in August 1942. [H/poll actively participated in the Roti F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG;WWIM, Agitation on 23 September in Jammu I, p.358-359; BCA, p. 118] demanding food at cheaper rates. He was killed on the spot in the State Brindrabun: Resident of Azimgurh policeís firing on the demonstrators [Azamgarh], the North-Western on that day. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp. 442-45; Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the C. FSK, p. 71] Company under the British-Indian army; he left the service during the Brijlal Srivastava: Born in Jubbulpore Uprising of 1857 to join the rebels for (now Jabalpur), the Central Provinces fighting against the British rule; he and Berar (now Maharashtra State); was caught in 1858 while confronting he was a civilian employee in the the advancing British forces; he was British-Indian Army; he left it in 1942 sentenced to death in 1859 on the to join the Indian National Army as charges of ëdesertion and mutiny an editor in the Propaganda against the British authoritiesí. department; working with the core [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, team aboard, he kept motivating the UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- INA forces through his writings 59), UPSAL] (articles, pamphlet, slogans, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 117

Bubee: Hailed from Unnao, the North- Records, Mathura Mutiny Basta, Western Provinces (now Uttar UPRAA] Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces soon after the outbreak of the 1857 Bucho: Belonged to Jura (near Merpur), Uprising; along with his comrades, Udaipur (Mewar) State (now distt. he marched towards Delhi while Udaipur), the Rajputana Agency (now fighting against the British forces; he Rajasthan); Bhil tribal. Participated in escaped to his region after the British the Bhil tribal agitation against the reoccupation of Delhi in September Begar (forced labour), the atrocities 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting of the Jagidars, and the high rate of the advancing British army in the land tax, at Merpur, May-June 1922. Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, The Jagirdars of Merpur and of other Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] neighbouring Jagirs received British military (Mewar Bhil Corps) help Buchkha Missr: Resident of Newariah, through the good officers of the State Jaunpore [Jaunpur], the North- to suppress the agitation. The Western Provinces (now Uttar soldiers of Mewar Bhil Corps Pradesh); he joined hands with the confronted the agitators and opened rebels of his area during the Uprising fire on them. A number of Bhils were of 1857, and fought the British forces wounded in the firing and Bucho on several occasions; he was caught with two others died in it. [NR, 11 by the British in the course of an June 1922, RSAB] engagement, accused of ëplundering the British property and rebellion Buchraj Singh: Resident of against the Britishí, sentenced to Vazeerpoora, Agra, the North- death and hanged in 1860. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] a Sepoy in the A. Company of the British-Indian army; he left the Buchna: Resident of Muttra [Mathura], British service during the Uprising the North-Western Provinces (now of 1857 and joined hands with the Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebels rebel forces to fight against the in the course of the Uprising of 1857, British rule; he died in 1858 while fought the British forces, and seized resisting the advancing British forces. the Government treasury to use its [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny contents for buying arms; he was Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP caught by the advancing British army (1858-59), UPSAL] in the Mathura region, and accused of ëplundering the Government Budar Khan: Resident of Humeerpoor property during the rebellioní; [Hamirpur], the North-Western sentenced to death in 1858 with Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he confiscation of his property, he was took part in the Uprising of 1857 and hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny fought against the British in the 118 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Hamirpur region; he also provided the time of their raids on the rebels financial support to the local people in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur and incited them to raise their arms Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] against the British and their allies; he was caught during an engagement Buddha: Resident of Surya Pol Darwaja, with the advancing British troops, Bharatpur State (now distt. and charged with ësedition and Bharatpur), the Rajputana Agency rebellion with violenceí, sentenced to (now Rajasthan); chamar. The death with confiscation of property Bharatpur State police caught twenty in 1858; he was executed by hanging two Chamars, including Buddha, soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, from the Surya Pol Darwaja on 23 Hamirpur, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] March 1922, and ordered them to graze the animals of the Bharatpur Buddah: Resident of Banda, the North- ruler under Begar (forced labour). Western Provinces (now Uttar Buddha and others refused to give Pradesh); s/o Buns; Brahmin; he Begar and reminded the Bharatpur propagated against the British rule ruler that he himself had issued during the Uprising of 1857 and previously a Proclamation against incited the local people to raise their Begar, declaring it unlawful, and arms against the British; he hence they should not be forced to participate in plundering the British do Begar. The Maharaja was furious properties and passing their proceeds at this lowly-bornís audacity and rebels for meeting their military ordered the police to imprison and expenses; he was caught during the punish them. All the 22 persons were British reoccupation of the Banda then put behind the bars and region and sentenced to death in July mercilessly flogged by the police. 1858 on the charges of ëplundering Buddha was one among those four the Government property and persons who had so severely been rebellioní; he was executed by flogged and tortured by the royal hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda police that he died in detention. Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Buddhaís death did not go in vain, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] and sparked off an agitation of the Chamars of that area. They gathered Buddeen: Resident of Futtehpore in large number, demonstrated [Fatehpur], the North-Western against the Bharatpur ruler and Provinces (now uttar pradesh): he created a powerful movement joined hands with the rebel forces against Begar. [NR, 2 April 1922, during the Uprising of 1857, and RSAB] fought the British at different places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur area; he also Budha Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, incited other people to attack and Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the plunder the British establishments; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar he was killed by the British troops at Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 119

joined hands with the rebels of his in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. area during the Uprising of 1857 and (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] fought against the British on several occasions; he was caught by the Budho: Resident of teh. Bansoor British in the midst of an encounter [Bansur], Alwar State (now distt. in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now in 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Rajasthan); Mochi (shoemaker); took Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll part in a kisan agitatorsí meeting held Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to protest against the Maharajaís mal- Budhia Holaya: Born in 1905, resident administration and his land in v. Turia, teh. Seoni, Jabalpur settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Division, Central Provinces and settlement the Biswedari rights of the Berar; Labourer; he played a pivotal Rajputs were forfeited and the land role in reviving the Forest revenue had been increased by fifty Satyagraha (1923) and taking part in per cent. Though all agriculturists an anti-British procession of about were affected adversely by it, the 4,000 people in Turia on 9 October Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing 1930. When the police tried to stop the news of this gathering, the the procession and opened fire on it, Maharaja sent his State Army to Budhia Holaya received bullet counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. injuries; arrested and sentenced to 6 The troops surrounded the village, monthsí imprisonment, his wounds blocked all the escaping routes from got infected in the jail and rapidly it and opened fire on the protesters worsened there. He died of the without any prior warning of injuries soon after his release. [PCJ dispersal. Budho received serious Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, bullet wounds in the indiscriminate 157 (PA), NAI; MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, firing and died on the spot. p.113] Simultaneously, the village was also set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Budho Khan: Resident of Moradabad, Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; the North-Western Provinces (now TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, Uprising of 1857 and fought against F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, the British at various places in the RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Moradabad region; he also provided F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] financial help to his rebel comrades for sustaining the fight; caught by the Budhru: Resident of Jagdalpur area in enemy during an engagement and Indrawati valley, Bastar State (now sentenced to the transportation for in Chhattisgarh); participated in the life on the charges of ëaiding and Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt of abetting the rebellion against the 1910 in Jagdalpur, Bastar against the Britishí, he lost his life in detention feudal and colonial exploitation, and 120 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

for the tribesí anxiety to maintain 42, NAI; BCA, p. 125; SSKS, 27, p. their distinct ways of life. On 16 2; WWIM, I, p.57] February 1910, following the direct confrontation (Indrawati-ford battle) Budloo: Resident of Allahabad, the between the rebels and the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar where many people died on the rebel Pradesh); he served a British officer side, Budhru and few others escaped as bearer in Allahabad, but left it to from the scene and rallied round the participate in the Uprising of 1857; neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar he took part in ransacking the British villages. ìOn the night of 25th treasury and passing its contents to February, the combined forces the rebels for buying arms; he was surrounded the Ulnar hill on which caught by the British during their the men of Netanar village [the offensive on Allahabad and charged rebels] were supposed to be with ëlooting the Government encamped. The movement was well property and taking part in the executed, and all the aboriginals rebellioní; he was sentenced to [tribals] were captured....î Budhru hanged till death in June 1857. was one among those who had been [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny arrested, charged with ìwaging war Basta, UPRAA; TIM, p.217] against the crownî, and tried between 13 March and 28 April 1910 Budroodeen: Resident of Mynpoory (known as the Jagdalpur Trial). [Mainpuri], the North-Western Budhru was detained in Bastar Jail Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Syed; and later in June 1910 he was shifted he was a Sepoy in the B. Company of to the Raipur Central Jail; severely the British-Indian army; he stopped tortured by the jail authorities, he serving the British during the died before 7 November 1910. [F/ Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Poll (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of with the rebels for fighting against 1910, NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, the British rule; he was caught in 1858 Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf while resisting the British forces, and HTPB, pp.245-57] sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny against the Budhu Bhar: Resident of v. Siyaraha British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, p.o. Gauri Narainpur, ditt. NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Azamgarh, the United Provinces Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), (now Uttar Pradesh). In 1942, UPSAL] during the ìQuit Indiaî movement, a protest demonstration was Buduree Din: Resident of Banda, the organized in village Siyaraha. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar When the march started, it was Pradesh); he joined the rebels in fired upon by the police in which ñ attacking and plundering the British a protester ñ Budhu Bhar was killed establishments as soon as the Rising on the spot. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/ of 1857 broke out in Banda; he also Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 121

participated in capturing the British the Uprising of 1857, and also treasury and passing its contents to provided financial support to the local the rebels for use in the fighting; he people and incited them to raise their was caught by the British troops in arms against the firangis (British); he the course of an engagement and was caught in the course of an rebellion against the Britishí; he was engagement with the British troops, sentenced to death with confiscation and charged with ëaiding and of his property in August 1858, and abetting the rebellion against the hanged near a mosque. [Mutiny Britishí, he was sentenced to death Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, with confiscation of property in 1859 UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and executed by hanging soon (1858), MSAB] thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Budyar Khan: Resident of Bareilly, Uttar Vol. III, No.43D (1859), MSAB] Pradesh; s/o Mussumut Jumyet; he joined the rebel forces in Bareilly Buhadoor Khan: Hailed from Muttra during the Uprising of 1857 and took [Mathura], the North-Western part in attacking the British forces Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); and plundering the British properties; Pathan; he was a Jemadar [Jamadar] he was caught by the British forces in the Armed Guards Contingent at in the course of an encounter; the Agra Central Prison; he left the charged with ëplundering and British service in June 1857 to rebellion against the Britishí; he was participate in the Uprising of 1857. sentenced to death and executed in Along with others, he marched July 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. towards Delhi and joined the rebelsí Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), fighting against the British; he died UPSAL] while resisting the advancing British army in the Delhi region in Bugwan: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] September 1857. [Mutiny Records, Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Agra Mutiny Basta, S. No. 69, joined the Uprising of 1857 at the call UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, of the rebel forces to fight the British; NAI] he fought at various places, and was captured by the British during an Buhadoor Khan: Resident of engagement in his village; he was Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Pradesh); he joined hands with the Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] rebels during the Uprising of 1857 and propagated against the British Buhadoor Bux: Resident of Humeerpoor rule and incited the people to [Hamirpur], the North-Western overthrow it; he was killed during Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he an encounter with the advancing joined hands with the rebels during British forces in 1858; his property 122 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

was confiscated and handed over to region; he died in 1858 while resisting the British supporters. [Mutiny the advancing British forces. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- 59), UPSAL] Buhadoor Singh: Resident of Kanpur, the North-Western Provinces (now uttar Buharey: Resident of Agra, the North- pradesh); he joined hands with the Western Provinces (now Uttar rebels of his area during the Uprising Pradesh); Lodha; he was a Sepoy in of 1857, and fought the British army the A. Company of the British-Indian at various places in Kanpur; he also army; he left the British service offered financial support to the local during the Uprising of 1857 and people and encouraged them to raise joined hands with the rebels to fight their arms against the firangis against the British rule; he fought the (British); he was killed while resisting British at several places, and died in the advancing British army in the 1858 while resisting the advancing Kanpur region in 1857. [Mutiny British forces. [Mutiny Records, Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; UPRAA] Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Buhadur Khan: Resident of Khutaina, Agra, the North-Western Provinces Bujun Lall: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar (now Uttar Pradesh); Chowbey; he Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces was a Sirdar Jemadar [Sardar Jamadar] soon after the outbreak of the 1857 with the Contingent Guards of the Uprising; along with his associates, Agra Central Prison; he left the he marched towards Delhi while British service on 5 July 1857 to join fighting against the British forces; he the rebel forces; he fought on various escaped to his region after the British occasions against the British during reoccupation of Delhi in September the Uprising of 1857; he died in the 1857, he died in 1858 while resisting course of an engagement with the the advancing British army in the advancing British army in 1858. Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) UPSAL] (1858), MSAB] Bukara Singh: Belonged to Budaon Buhadur: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] [Badaon], the North-Western Province (now Uttar Pradesh); Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the A. Thakoor [Thakur]; he joined hands Company of the British-Indian army; with the rebels of his area during he left the British service during the the Uprising of 1857 and marched Uprising of 1857 and fought against towards Delhi while fighting the British at several places in his against the British forces; he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 123

returned to his region after the fall Bukhtawar: Born in Etawah, the North- of Delhi in September 1857; caught Western Provinces (now Uttar by the British after their re- Pradesh); he joined hands with the occupation of this area, he was rebels of his region during the hanged in 1859 on the charges of Uprising of 1857, and fought against ëmurder and rebellion against the the British forces in a number of Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi engagements; he also offered Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, financial support to local rebels and Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] encouraged them to attack the British; he was killed while resisting Bukht Allee: Resident of Pacaree, the advancing British army in the Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); he participated in the UPRAA] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British forces at several places in Bukhut: Belonged to Ghazeepoor the Hamirpur region; he also rallied [Ghazipur], the North-Western the local people to seize the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he treasury and hand over its contents fought the British forces at several to the rebels; he was captured during places in Ghazipur during the the British reoccupation of Hamirpur, Uprising of 1857; he also offered and charged with ëplundering and financial support to others for buying rebellion against the Britishí, he was arms and plundering the British sentenced to death with confiscation properties; he was caught by the of property in 1859 and hanged soon British at the time of their re- thereafter. [Mutiny Records, occupation of the Ghazipur region, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] and executed by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny Bukht Kuree: Resident of the Oudh Basta, UPRAA] [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Bukru Bhoi: Resident of Ramgarh, rebels of his area during the Uprising Mandla, Madhya Pradesh; he joined of 1857, and fought the British forces hands with the rebel forces of the on several occasions; caught by the Rani of Ramgarh during the British in the course of an Uprising of 1857 and fought the engagement, he was accused of British at several places in Ramgarh; ëplundering the British property and he was captured by the British army rebellion against the Britishí; he was at the time of its counter-attacks on sentenced to death in 1858 and the rebels; he was executed by hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny hanging on 21 January 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Records, Judl Deptt. F. No. 12 (1858), Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] MPSAB] 124 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Buldee: Belonged to Allahabad, the several places in the Agra-Mathura North-Western Provinces (now Uttar area; he was killed during the British Pradesh); he was a Jemadar [Jamadar] attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny under the British, but left it to join Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, the rebel forces fighting the British UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) during the Uprising of 1857; he also (1858), MSAB] took part in seizing the British properties and utilising its proceeds Buldeo Singh: Resident of the Oudh for meeting the military expenses; he [Awadh] Province (now Uttar was caught by the British troops Pradesh); took part in attacking the during their attacks on the rebels in British and plundering their Allahabad, and accused of establishments during the Uprising ëplundering and rebellion against the of 1857; he was caught later by the Britishí; he was sentenced to death British troops and charged with in July 1857 and executed by ëplundering and rebellion against the hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Britishí; sentenced to imprisonment Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.210] for life in 1858, he died in detention. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Buldeo Dass: Resident of Jhansi State, Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Uttar Pradesh; s/o Govind Dass; joined the rebel forces in fighting Buldeo: Belonged to Allygurh [Aligarh], against the British during the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857 in Jhansi; and also Pradesh); he participated in fighting expanded his rebellious operations to against the British rule in Aligarh Kudhmaha, Elaqua and Gwalior; he during the Uprising of 1857; he also was arrested by the British troops at marched in to Delhi, joined hands the point of their recovery of this area with the rebels there and fought the and charged with ësedition, aiding British forces at several places; he and abetting the rebellioní, he was was killed in a confrontation with the executed in April 1858. [Mutiny advancing British army in Delhi in Papers, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 MSAB] (V) (1858), MSAB]

Buldeo Singh: Resident of Shahgunj, Buldeo: Resident of Kurhul, Mynpooree Agra, the North-Western Provinces [Mainpuri], the North-Western (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the Choubey; he was a Duffadar Contingent Guards of the Agra [Dafadar] in the Contingent Guards Central Prison; he gave up the British of the Agra Central Prison under the service during the Uprising of 1857 British Government; he left the and joined the rebel forces of the British service to join the rebels Agra region; he fought the British at during the Uprising of 1857; he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 125

marched towards Delhi along with Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny the fellow rebels and fought the Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, British at several places; he died in UPRAA] 1858 while resisting the advancing British army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Buldree: Resident of Etawahh, the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Havildar [Hawaldar] in the C. Buldeo: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] Company of the British-Indian Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); army; he left the British service Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy during the Uprising of 1857 and in the A. Company of the British- joined hands with the rebels for Indian army; he left the British taking part in the fight against the service during the Uprising of 1857 British rule; he was caught in 1858 and fought against them at several while resisting the British forces, places in his region; he died in 1858 and sentenced to death on the while resisting the advancing British charges of ëdesertion and mutiny forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra against the British authoritiesí. Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Buldev Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the Bulheer: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he was a Sepoy in the A. Company of joined hands with the rebels of his British-Indian army; he left the area during the Uprising of 1857 and British service during the Uprising fought against the British on several of 1857 and fought against the British occasions; he was caught by the at several places in his region; he British during an encounter in the died in 1858 while resisting the Gorakhpur region, and hanged in advancing British forces. [Mutiny 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] 59), UPSAL]

Buldev: Belonged to Etawah, the North- Bulludev: Belonged to Humeerpoor Western Provinces (now uttar [Hamirpur], the North-Western pradesh); he joined hands the rebels Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he of his area during the Uprising of participated in the Uprising of 1857; 1857, and fought against the British he fought against the British forces forces in several engagements; he at several places in the Banda- was killed in an encounter with the Hamirpur region, and also incited the advancing British army in the local people to attack and plunder the 126 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

British establishments; he was Bunda Singh: Born in v. Gumjolee, captured during the British re- Meerut, the North-Western occupation of this region, and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); charged with ëplundering and Bunjara [Banjara]; he participated in rebellion against the Britishí, he was the Uprising of 1857 and also incited sentenced to transportation for life his neighbourhood to raise its arms with confiscation of property in 1859; against the British rule; he fought the he died in detention. [Mutiny British forces at several places in the Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, Meerut region; he was caught by the UPRAA] British after the defeat of the rebel forces and charged with ësedition and Bullund Khan: Resident of plundering Government property Shahjehanpore [Shahjahanpur], the during the rebellioní; he was North-Western Provinces (now Uttar sentenced to death in 1858 and Pradesh); soon after outbreak of the executed by hanging. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857; he joined the local Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, rebels in attacking the British and UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) plundering their properties; he also (1858), MSAB] arranged arms and ammunitions for the rebels; he was caught by the Bundeh: Belonged to Bareilly, Uttar British soldiers during an Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces engagement with the rebel forces; of his area under the leadership of charged with ëplundering, murder Khan Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader and rebellioní, he was sentenced to of the Rohilkhand region), and death in March 1859. [Mutiny fought against the British on various Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) occasions during the Uprising of NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 1857; he was captured in the course of a British offensive on the rebels Bulraj Pasee: Resident of Jaunpore and executed by hanging in 1860 at (Jaunpur), the North-Western Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); on Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), the call of the anti-British forces, he UPSAL; WWIM, III, pp.68.69] joined them in fighting the British during the Rising of 1857; he was Bundey Allee: Resident of Banda Khas, caught by the British during a raid the North-Western Provinces (now on the Jaunpur area and imprisoned Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with on the charge of ërebellion against the rebels of his area during the the Britishí; sentenced to Uprising of 1857, and fought the transportation for life, he died in British forces on several occasions; captivity in 1859. [Mutiny Records, he was caught by the British in the Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- course of an engagement, accused of 59), UPSAL] ëplundering the British property and rebellion against the Britishí, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 127

sentenced to death in 1860 and joined the rebel army there, and hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny fought in different engagements Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, against in British; he was killed while UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) confronting the advancing British (1858), MSAB] forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Bungay: Resident of Narayanpoor, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh; he took part in the Uprising of 1857 and fought Burhan Din : Belonged to Humeerpoor the British forces at several places in [Hamirpur], the North-Western the Jhansi region; he was caught by Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he the British after the defeat of the participated in the Uprising of 1857; rebel forces there, and charged with he fought against the British forces ëmurder and rebellion against the at many places in the Hamirpur- Britishí; he was sentenced to death Banda region, and also incited the in 1861 and executed by hanging. local people to attack and plunder the [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny British establishments; he was Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 captured during the British re- (IX) (1858), MSAB] occupation of this area, and charged with ëplundering and rebellion Bungoo Singh: Resident of Samurghat, against the Britishí, he was Kanpur, the North-Western sentenced to transportation for life Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he with confiscation of property in joined hands with the rebels of his 1859; he died in detention. [Mutiny area during the Uprising of 1857, and Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, fought the British forces at several UPRAA] places in Kanpur; caught by the British in the course of an Burjou Singh: Resident of Jhansee engagement, he was accused of [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he joined the ëplundering the British property and rebel forces in fighting the British rebellion against the Britishí; during the 1857 Uprising; he also sentenced to death and hanged in provided the local rebels with arms 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, and funds; he was arrested by the Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. British during their attack on this Srs.), UPRAA] area in 1859; charged with ëaiding and abetting the rebellion against the Bunyad Ali: Resident of the North- Britishí, he was executed in 1859, Western Provinces (now Uttar followed by the confiscation of his Pradesh); he participated in the property. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Uprising of 1857 and also offered Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), financial support to the rebels for UPSAL] their fight against the British authorities; he proceeded to Delhi, Burkut: Born in Humeerpoor 128 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

[Hamirpur], the North-Western Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Chuprasee [Chaprasi]; he participated in the Uprising of 1857 and provided Burwah Mulla: Belonged to Allahabad, all the services the rebels required at North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the time of their fighting the British; Pradesh); he participated in the he was caught by the Companyrajís Uprising of 1857 and fought against troops and charged with ëtaking part the British forces at various places in in the rebellion against the Britishí; the Allahabad region and also incited sentenced to transportation for life the people to raise their arms against in 1859, he died in detention. [Mutiny the firangi-hukumat (British rule) ; he Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, was caught by the British troops UPRAA] during their raids on the Allahabad area, and convicted on the charges Burkut Ahmud: Resident of Lucknow, of ëplundering and rebellion against the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in the Britishí; he was sentenced to Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with death in July 1857 executed by the rebels of his area in their fighting hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, against the British forces during the Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.207] Uprising of 1857, and also incited others to take their arms against the Buseer Khan: Belonged to Etawah, the British; he was killed in the course North-Western Provinces (now Uttar of figiting the British army in the Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his battle of Chinhat, Lucknow, in June area during the Uprising of 1857, and 1857, [Mutiny Records, Lucknow fought against the British forces at Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] several places in Etawah; he also offered financial support the local Burma: Resident of Banda, the North- rebels for buying arms; he was killed Western Provinces (now Uttar while confronting the advancing Pradesh); he took part in the British army in the Etawah region in Uprising of 1857 and fought against 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Etawah Mutiny the British forces at a number of places Basta, UPRAA] in the Banda region; he also incited the people of his locality to raise their Bushee: Hailed from Paharee, arms against the firangis (British) and Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- their loyalists; he was caught by the Western Provinces (now Uttar British troops at the time of their re- Pradesh); he joined hands with the occupation of Banda and charged rebels during the Uprising of 1857 with ësedition and rebellion against and also incited the neighbourhood the Britishí; sentenced to death with to take up arms for overthrowing the confiscation of his property in July British rule; he was killed in an 1858, he was executed by hanging encounter with the British army in thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda 1858; his property was confiscated Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 129

and handed over to the British British army in the course of an supporters. [Mutiny Records, engagement in the Mathura region, Hamirpur Mutiny, UPRAA] and accused of ëmurder and the rebellioní; he was sentenced to death Busheer Allee: Resident of Allygurh in 1858 and executed by hanging [Aligarh], the North-Western soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Provinces (now uttar pradesh); he Mathura Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA] took part in the Uprising of 1857 and also motivated others to rise against Bussarut Khan: Resident of Etawah, the the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he North-Western Provinces (now uttar marched on to Delhi, joined hands pradesh); he joined hands with the with the rebels there and fought the rebels of his area during the Uprising British troops on several occasions; of 1857, and fought against the he died while confronting the British forces at several places; he advancing British army in Delhi in also offered financial support to the September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll local people and encouraged them to No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 attack the British; he died while (V) (1858), MSAB] confronting the advancing British army in Etawah in 1858. [Mutiny Bushnu Khan: Belonged to Hinduan, a Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, town in Jaipur State (now in distt. UPRAA] Sawai Madhopur), the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); took part Bussora: Resident of Humeerpoor in the 1857 Uprising in Jaipur State [Hamirpur], the North-Western and was arrested; the Jaipur State Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he troops stationed at Hinduan became participated in the Uprising of 1857 rebellious and rescued Bushnu Khan and fought against the British forces; and other insurgents; with others, he he also provided financial assistance was again captured and sent to Agra to his neighbours and incited them by the Political Agent of Jaipur. He to take up their arms against the was tried at Agra and executed. [F/ British; he was later caught by the Cons, S.C 30 April 1858/149-150 A, British army, and convicted on the NAI; Mil/Deptt. No. M-06-1 (Pts.) charges of ëaiding and abetting the Pad No.1/2, F. No. 01, Pt.5/3, Jaipur rebellion against the Britishí; he was State Records, RSAB cited in RSG, V sentenced to tranpotation for life 2, pp.90-91] with confiscation of property in 1859; he died in detention. [Mutiny Bushrul Ally: Resident of Muttra Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, [Mathura], the North-Western UPRAA] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the fighting against the Bussunt: Hailed from Unnao, the North- British rule during the Uprising of Western Provinces (now Uttar 1857; he was caught by the advancing Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces 130 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

soon after the outbreak of the 1857 [Fatehpur], the North-Western Uprising; along with his associates, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he he marched towards Delhi while joined hands with rebel forces during fighting against the British forces; he the Uprising of 1857, and led his escaped to his region after the British neighbours in fighting the British; he re-occupation of Delhi in September also offered financial support to the 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting rebels and encouraged them to the advancing British army in the overthrow the British regime; he was Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, caught by the British during their Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] attacks on Fatehpur in 1857, and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Busuwan Loll: Resident of Azimgurh Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [Azamgarh], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Byeyah: Belonged to v. Hyderpore, Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the C. Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- Company of the British-Indian army; Western Provinces (now Uttar he left the British service during the Pradesh); Aherya; he took part in the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Uprising of 1857 and fought the with the rebels for fighting against British on several occasions; caught the British rule; he was caught in 1858 after the defeat of the rebel forces while resisting the British forces, and and charged with ëmurder and sentenced to death on the charges of plundering the Government property ëdesertion and mutiny against the during the rebellioní, he was British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, sentenced to death in 1859 and Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. executed by hanging. [Mutiny Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; QT, p.83] Bux Khan: Born in Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Byjulley Singh: Resident of Gwalee, Pradesh); he supplied arms and other Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- resources to the rebels of his region Western Provinces (now Uttar during the Uprising of 1857; he also Pradesh); he joined hands with the propagated against the firangis rebels of his area during the Uprising (British) and their supporters, and of 1857, and fought the British forces incited his neighbours to attack on several occasions; caught by the them; he was caught in the course of British forces in the midst of an an engagement and hanged by the engagement, he was accused of British troops in 1858. [Mutiny ëplundering the British property and Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, rebellion against the Britishí; he was UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) sentenced to death and hanged in (1858), MSAB] 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Bux Singh: Born in Futtehpore Srs.), UPRAA] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 131

Byrum Singh: Belonged to British rule; he was caught in 1858 Shahjehanpoor [Shahjahanpur], the while resisting the advancing British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar forces; he was sentenced to death on Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the C. the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Company under the British-Indian against the British authoritiesí. army, he refused to serve the British [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, during the Uprising of 1857 and UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- joined the rebelsí fighting against the 59), UPSAL] 132 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

CC

Captain Aki Pal Singh: Resident of the rebel forces of his region; he led Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) the rebels in attacking the British Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he authorities and their establishments joined the Uprising of 1857 and in Lucknow on several occasions; he played a leading role in organizing was killed during an engagement the rebel forces of his region; also with the British army at Aishbagh, attacked the British authorities and Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, their establishments in Lucknow on Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] several occasions; he died while resisting the British army at Captain Sarjoo Singh: Resident of Qaiserbagh, Lucknow in 1858. Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Basta, UPRAA] joined the Uprising of 1857 and played a prominent role in organizing Captain Bhim Singh Thapa: Hailed the rebel forces of his region; he led from distt. Almora, the United the rebels in attacking the British Provinces (now Uttarakhand); authorities and their establishments enrolled himself in the Indian in Lucknow on several occasions; he National Army in Malaya; died while died while fighting against the fighting the British forces in Burma British army at Bibiapur, Lucknow (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow F.Nos.1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] WWIM, II, p.329] Captain Suba Singh: Resident of Captain Gauri Shanker: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he played a significant role in organizing joined the Uprising of 1857 and the rebel forces during the Uprising played a significant role in organizing of 1857, and in leading them to attack Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 133

the British authorities and their of 1857 and joined the rebel forces establishments in Lucknow; he died for overthrowing the British rule; he while resisting against the British was caught in 1858 while fighting the army at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow in British forces, and sentenced to 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow death on the charges of ëdesertion Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] and mutiny against the British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Captain Surjoo Singh: Belonged to Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Lucknow, the Awadh Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he was a Captain in Chaida Lall: Resident of the Oudh the rebel forces during the Uprising [Awadh] Province (now Uttar of 1857; he took part in organizing Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy the rebel regiments and attacking the in the A. Company of the British- British strongholds; led a rebel force Indian army; he left the British to encounter the advancing British service during the Uprising of 1857 forces (under Colonel Muir) at and joined hands with the rebel Dilkushabagh, Lucknow, on 5 March forces; he fought against the British 1858 where he was killed in the at several places, and died in 1858 heavy fighting. [Mutiny Records, while resisting the advancing British Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra L1857, p.249] Etawah Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Captain Umrao Singh: Resident of Lucknow, the Awadh Province (now Chairoo: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Uttar Pradesh); he was a Captain in Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces the rebel forces during the Uprising soon after the outbreak of the 1857 of 1857; he played a significant role Uprising; along with his associates, in organizing the rebels for attacking he marched towards Delhi while the British morchas; led a rebel force fighting against the British forces and and fought against the advancing escaped to his region after the British British army (under Colonel Muir) at re-occupation of Delhi in September Dilkushabagh, Lucknow, on 5 March 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting 1858; he was killed by the enemy in the advancing British army in the the course of a heavy fighting. Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), Basta, UPRAA; L1857, p.249] UPSAL]

Chaida Lall: Belonged to Moradabad, Chakha: Resident of Dungarpur State the North-Western Provinces (now (now distt. Dungarpur), the Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Sepoy in the B. Company of the took part in the Bhagat Bhil British-Indian army; he left the movement in southern Rajasthan that British service during the Uprising Govindgiri started in 1907, preaching 134 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

monotheism among the Bhils and Chaman Singh: Resident of v. Pahari, Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara p.o. Hindoun, formerly in Jaipur States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- State (now in distt. Karauli), the religious endeavour grew into a Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); politico-economic movement, against he served as Naik in the 1/8 Punjab the extraction of Begar (forced labour) Regiment of the British-Indian Army; and exploitation of the Bhils by the shifted his loyalty to the Indian petty officials of the Dungarpur and National Army in 1942 and served Banswara States (in Rajasthan) and in it as Sub-Officer in the 3rd Guerilla Sunth (a small State in Gujarat). Regiment; he fought against the Chakha was one among those British forces wherever he was thousands of Bhagat Bhils who deployed and died in the course of joined this movement and warned heavy fighting in 1944. [INA Papers, the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers F.Nos.403//INA, 15/INA (1944), in the first week of November 1913, NAI; WWIM, II, p.55] either to remove the main grievance of the Bhils or to face the Chanan Sing (h): belonged to v. Kainiri, overthrowing of the Statesí authority p.o. Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur to oppress and ill-treat them. The State (now in distt. Karauli), the militancy of the Bhils and their Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); gathering in Mangarh hill so before joining the Indian National unnerved the British that they sent Army in 1942, he was serving as their own troops along with those of Sepoy in the British-Indian Armyís the States to lay siege on Mangarh 5/14 Punjab Regiment; joined the 1st hill and disperse the gathering. On Guerilla Regiment as Havildar; 17 November 1913 the combined deployed against the British on the troops attacked the Bhil position and Burma front, he died in action at the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai Kalewa (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did Papers, F.Nos.460//INA, 12/INA, not give up till many of them were 464/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.55] injured, 900 captured and 25, including Chakha, killed. The Chand Khan: Belonged to Madhya incident did awaken the tribesmen Pradesh; s/o Chhote Khan; he joined so much that Motilal Tejawat had not hands with the rebel forces in the found it difficult to mobilise them in Gwalior region during the Uprising 1921-22 against forced labour and of 1857 and fought against the British high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll and the allied forces; captured by the Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March British in an encounter, he was 1914; Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 Records, Poll. Deptt. Vol. No. 56 (referred in connection with the (1859), MSAB] incident)] Chand Khan: Hailed from Katra, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 135

Allahabad, the North-Western Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his Chandan Singh: Belonged to v. and p.o. locality during the Uprising of 1857 Hindaun, Jaipur State, the Rajputana and fought against the British; he also Agency (now Rajasthan); a soldier in took part in seizing the British the 1/8 Punjab Regiment of the treasury and using its contents for British-Indian Army; he switched buying arms; he was caught by the over his loyalty to the Indian National British troops at the time of their Army in 1942 and enrolled himself marches on Allahabad, and hanged as Sepoy in the 3rd Guerilla Regiment; from a tree in 1857 on the charges of deployed on the Burma (Myanmar) ëplundering and rebellion against the front, he lost his life in fighting the Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad British in 1944. [INA Papers, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, F.Nos.403/INA, 15/INA (1944), Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] NAI; WWIM, II, p.56]

Chand Khan: Resident of Banda, the Chandan Singh: Resident of v. Chhand, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the Pradesh); he participated in the United Provinces (now Uprising of 1857 and also incited his Uttarakhand); he was in the service neighbourhood to take up arms of the British-Indian Army as Sepoy, against the British; he joined the served during the World War II in Banda rebelsí march to attack the the Singapore-Malaya front as a British army camp, and in the British-led Allied forceís soldier; encounter that ensued he was killed Chandan was captured by the in 1858; his property was confiscated Japanese Axis force in Malaya in later on. [Mutiny Records, Banda February 1942; he was released in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 1942 when he joined the Indian Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] National Army in the position of Naik in its 1st Bahadur Group, Chanda Baksh: Resident of Meerut, the sacrificed his life on the Burma North-Western Provinces (now Uttar (Myanmar) front in 1944. [INA Pradesh); he took part in the Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA Uprising of 1857, proceeded to Delhi (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, and participated in the defence of II, p.56] Delhi against the advancing British army; he was captured by the British Chandan Singh: Resident of v. Chinari, during an encounter, and charged p.o. Uchain, Bharatpur State, (now with ëplundering the Government distt. Bharatpur), the Rajputana property and taking part in rebellion Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o Manni; against the Britishí; he was sentenced he served as Sepoy in the 1/8 Punjab to death and executed in 1858. Regiment of the British-Indian Army; [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl in 1942 he joined the Indian National 136 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Army and served it in its Guerilla the ìQuit Indiaî movement in a police Regiment; deployed to confront the firing while taking part in a British in Burma (now Myanmar), he procession in the district in 1942. [H/ lost his life in the Anglo-American Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 16, bombardment of Rangoon (now p. da] Yangon) in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 15/INA (1944), Chander Singh: Belonged to the NAI; WWIM, II, p.56] Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); earlier Chandarma Prasad: Born on 11 October he was a Naik in the 5/18 Garhwal 1914 in v. Bajha Misran, distt. Rifles of the British-Indian Army but Allahabad, the United Provinces shifted his loyalty to the Indian (Uttar Pradesh); s/o Vinayak. A National Army in 1942 and served it farmer by occupation, he actively as Naik in the Ist Guerrilla Regiment; participated in the ìQuit Indiaî while fighting against the Allied movement. While taking part in a forces at Trawang, Burma (now rally in that connection on 11 August Myanmar) he died in the battle field 1942, he was killed in the police firing in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, on the rallyists. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/ 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, 42, NAI; BCA, p. 103] p.56]

Chander Bhan Misr: Hailed from v. Chander Singh: Resident of v. Kainiri, Madhwapur, disst. Sitapur, the p.o. Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur United Provinces (now Uttar State (now in distt. Karauli), the Pradesh). On 18 August 1942 many Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); people from various parts of the he was in the service of the British- district gathered in Motilal Bagh for Indian Army as Sepoy in the 1/8 taking part in a demonstration Punjab Regiment; in 1942 he shifted organized in connection with the his loyalty and joined the Indian ìQuit Indiaî movement, Chander National Army in its 3rd Guerilla Bhan Misr also joined the gathering. Regiment; he was deployed on the Soon the policemen reached the Burma front to fight the British and location, lathi-charged to disperse the he died in the enemyís air raid on crowd and opened fire on them. He Yen (Burma, now Myanmar) in received severe bullet injuries in this September 1944. [INA Papers, indiscriminate firing and succumbed F.Nos.498/INA, (1945), NAI; to these on that very day. [H/poll WWIM, II, p.56] F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 16, pp. pa & bha] Chandhi Ram: Hailed from Jammu and Kashmir State. He was formerly a Chander Bhan: Hailed from distt. Sepoy in the 2/17 Dogra Regiment Meerut, the United Provinces (now of the British-Indian Army. He left Uttar Pradesh). He was killed during his earlier appointment and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 137

voluntarily joined the Indian he lost his life in an Anglo-American National Army as a soldier in the 2nd air raid in 1945. [INA Papers, F.No. Guerrilla Regiment. He fought on the 1/INA, NAI] Burma (Myanmar) front against the British army where he died in action, Chandradeep Singh: Resident of v. possibly late in 1944. [INA Papers, F. Kharipur, distt. Ballia, the United No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, p. 673] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). A teacher in the D.A.V. College of Chandi Prasad Srivastava: Resident of Ballia, he actively participated in the v. Sukhpur, distt. Ballia, the United ìQuit Indiaî movement in August Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o 1942. He was involved in the Babu Lal Srivastava. While taking sabotage plan for uprooting the part in a demonstration in Ballia railway track on the Belthara Road during the ìQuit Indiaî movement, Station. When he and other activists he was killed in the police firing on were busy destroying the lines, the 22 August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/ British military personnel appeared 42, NAI; BCA, p. 114] on the scene and opened fire on them. Chandradeep Singh was killed Chandidin: Resident of v. Salewa, teh. in the firing on that day. [H/poll, Gunour, Ajaigarh State, Central India F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 122; (Bundelkhand Agency), (now WWIM, I, p.64] Madhya Pradesh). Took part in the peasant agitation of 1930-31 in Chandrama Prasad: Born on 2 October Chhatarpur State against the 1914 in v. Bajaba Misran, distt. Durbarís exorbitant tax exactions; Allahabad, the United Provinces arrested for this and put in the (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Vinauak, Nagaon Jail; released and on his way farmer. He joined a procession taken back home, he was arrested by the out by the farmers towards Ajaigarh State authorities; subjected Allahabad city in August 1942 during to tortures in their jail, he died in the ìQuit Indiaî movement. He detention. [H/Poll, F.Nos. 23/54/ received bullet wounds in the police 1930; 23/58/1930; H/Poll (FR), F.No. firing on the procession and died of 18/12/30, NAI; JABDR, p.62] it on the same day. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.64] Chandra Datt: Resident of v. Kainiri, p.o. Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State Chandrashekhar Azad: Born in July 1906 (now in distt. Karauli), the Rajputana in v. Bhavra, Alirajpur State (now in Agency (now Rajasthan); he was in distt. Jhabua, Madhya Pradesh); s/o the British-Indian Army; left it to join Pandit Sita Ram Tiwari; received his the Indian National Army in 1942 as early schooling in Bhavra; left his Sepoy in the 3rd Guerilla Regiment; parents and fled to Varanasi he fought against the Allied Forces (Banaras) and stayed with his uncle, on the Pyimana (Myanmar) front and Pandit Shiv Vinayak Mishra; got 138 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

admission in a Sanskrit pathshala; and Vishwanath Vaishampayan in participated in the Non-Cooperation Jhansi. When police activities movement (1920-21) in Banaras and increased in Jhansi, Chandrashekhar opposed the sale of foreign goods. Azad slipped off to the Orchha State. During this movement he became a On 8 and 9 September 1928 an all- favourite of such local leaders as Shiv India meeting of the revolutionaries Prasad Gupta; was arrested and put was held at Ferozeshah Kotla, Delhi, under trial in the court of Khareghat and the Hindustan Socialist where the presiding magistrate was Republican Association (Army) came notorious for his brutality towards into existence. Though, the freedom fighters. Chandrashekhar Azad did not attend Chandrashekharís attitude in the the meeting, but everybody present court was defiant, and he was there wanted him to be appointed reported to have announced his name the Commander-in-Chief (Supremo). as ëAzadí, his fatherís name as He took active part in the Saunderís ëSwatantrataí and his residence as murder on 17 December 1928, and it ëprisoní. Being irritated by this, the was at his instance that Bhagat Singh magistrate subjected him to fifteen and Batukeshwar Dutt exploded lashes of flogging, and with every bombs in the Central Legislative lash he shouted ëMahatma Gandhi ki Assembly on 8 April 1929. He was jaií, ëBande Mataramí, etc. and indirectly involved in the attempt to earned his name of public honour ñ blow up the Viceroyís train in ëAzadí. With the suspension of the December 1929; one of the main Non-Cooperation movement, the accused in the Second Lahore revolutionary activities again flared Conspiracy Case, he absconded; he up; Chandrashekharís mind now was betrayed by an associate to the turned away from the non-violent police on 27 February 1931 in the method of Mahatma Gandhi and Alfred Park, Allahabad; surrounded moved towards the armed by a heavily armed police party, he revolution. Coming in contact with kept his pursuers at bay single- Manmath Nath Gupta and Pranavesh handedly with a small pistol and a Chatterjee, he became a member of few cartridges; even the enemy was the revolutionary party in Banaras all praise for his shooting skill and and gained the admiration of the courageous composure. Left party leaders, who used to call him eventually with only one bullet in his ëquick-silverí for his restless energy. Mauser, he fired it at his own temple Involved in the Kakori Mail Robbery to live up to his resolve of not getting in 1925, under the leadership of arrested or dragged to the gallows. Ramprasad Bismil, he fled to Jhansi [H/Poll., F.Nos. 130 & K.W. 1930, 4/ and stayed under the protection of 13/1930, NAI; LCC(TJ), October Master Rudra Narayan Singh; found 1930, NAI; IR, III, pp. 51-58; TMDH, good associates like Sadashiv Rao pp. 21, 30, 39-40, 114, 118; DD, pp. Malkapurkar, Bhagwan Das Mahaur 53, 55, 57, 114, 116] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 139

Chandrika Ojha: Born in 1918 at v. F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] Majahia, distt. Ballia, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Chandu Kunwar: Resident of v. and p.o. was arrested by the British police and Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State imprisoned for taking part in the (now in distt. Karauli), Rajputana ìQuit Indiaî movement in August Agency (now Rajasthan); he was a 1942. He died in jail suffering brutal Sepoy in the Bengal Sappers and tortures of the police. [H/poll, F.No. Miners Regiment of the British- 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 120; WWIM, Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty I, p.257] and joined the 1st Engineering Company of the Indian National Chandru: Hailed from v. Neemuchana, Army in 1942; took part in teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State confronting the British in Burma (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana (now Myanmar); he was missing Agency (now Rajasthan); Nai following a fierce battle with the (barbar); took part in the kisan enemies in 1944; he never returned agitatorsí meeting held at home even after the World War-II. Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to [INA Papers, F.Nos.445//INA, 1/ remonstrate against the Maharajaís INA, 2/INA, 12/INA, NAI; WWIM, oppressive administration and his II, p.57] land settlement policy of 1923-24. In this settlement the Biswedari rights of Chandu Lal Singh: Bron in v. Gularthi, the Rajputs were forfeited and the distt. Bulandshahar, the United land revenue increased by fifty per Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). The cent. Though all agriculturists were protest demonstration he took part affected adversely by it, the Rajputs during the Salt Satyagraha was suffered the most. Hearing the news accosted by the police and ordered of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja to stop proceeding. When it refused sent his State Army to counter the to obey the order, the police opened rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops fire on it at Gulawati village on 12 surrounded the village, blocked all September 1930. Chandu Lal Singh the exit routes from it and opened was killed in this police firing on that fire on the protesters without any day. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/1930, prior warning. Chandru was one NAI; SSKS, 6, p. chha; WWIM, I, p.65] among those who received severe bullet wounds and died on the spot. Chandu Lal: b. at v. Gulaothi, distt. Simultaneously, the village was also Bulandshar, the United Provinces set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar (now Uttar Pradesh). He took active Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; part in the Civil Disobedience TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; movement in 1930 and, being a Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, farmer, also joined the peasant F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, agitation against the payment of land RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, revenue. When a protest rally at 140 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Gulaothi was fired upon by the encamped. The movement was well British police on 12 September 1930, executed, and all the aboriginals he received bullet wounds in the [tribals] were captured....î With firing and died on the spot. [H/poll others Chandu/ Chandru was F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; arrested, charged with ìwaging war WWIM, I, p.65] against the crownî, and tried between 13 March and 28 April 1910 Chandu Lal: Born in v. Bhagpur, distt. (known as the Jagdalpur Trial). Bulandshar, the United Provinces Seventy eight rebels, including (now Uttar Pradesh). He was a Sepoy Chandu/ Chandru, were imprisoned in the 4/19 Hyderabad Regiment of in Bastar Jail and later in June 1910 the British-Indian Army before shifted to the Raipur Central Jail, joining the Indian National Army in where he died (before 7 November 1942 as Naik in the 2nd Guerrilla 1910) suffering ill-treatment and Regiment. On being deployed in tortures by the jail authorities. [F/ Burma (now Myanmar), he Poll (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of confronted the British army at 1910, NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, various battle arenas and died in 1944 Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf in the course of heavy fighting. [INA HTPB, pp.245-57] Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.57; ROH, pp. 6782-73] Chappu Ghulam: Born in 1894 in distt. Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Chandu/ Chandru: Resident of Lassa Jo Chappu. He actively Jagdalpur area, Bastar State (now in participated in the political Chhattisgarh); took part in the movement for responsible Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt of government in Jammu and Kashmir. 1910 near Jagdalpur in Bastar against A participant in the rally to protest the feudal and colonial exploitation, against the autocracy of the State and in the tribesí anxiety for ruler at Pulwama (Anantnag) in maintaining their distinct ways of February 1934, he was killed on the life. In the intense battle (Indrawati- spot in the State Armyís firing upon ford battle) that took place on 16 the rallyists. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, February 1910 between the rebels J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p. 324] and the British where many people died on the rebel side, Chandu/ Charan Singh: Belonged to v. & p.o. Chandru and few others escaped Dhakli, distt. Meerut, the United from the scene and rallied round the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar volunteered to join the Indian villages. ìOn the night of 25th National Army in 1942 and was February, the combined forces posted in 3rd Guerrilla Regiment as a surrounded the Ulnar hill on which soldier. He fought against the Allied the men of Netanar village [the forces on the Burma (Myanmar) front rebels] were supposed to be and died there in action in 1944. [INA Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 141

Papers, F.No.1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. Rani Lakshmi Bai in June 1857 for 672-673 WWIM, II, p.58] driving them out from Jhansi and its surrounding areas; the British struck Charan Singh: Belonged to v. back and reached Jhansi in June 1858, Bhoranpur, p.o. Zaherabad, distt. Charanjit was caught while fighting Bulandshahr, United Provinces (now and charged with ëabetting and Uttar Pradesh). He was in the Hong- rebellion against the British,í he was Kong Singapore Royal Artillery of the sentenced to death in 1859. [Mutiny British-Indian Army as a Lance- Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, Naik. Later, volunteered his services UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) to the Indian National Army and was (1858), MSAB] placed in the 4th Guerrilla Regiment. He received severe bullet wounds in Chater Singh: Resident of Jhansi State an encounter with the advancing (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the rebel British soldiers on the Burma forces in fighting against the British (Myanmar) front and succumbed to during the Uprising of 1857 in Jhansi; his injuries in 1944. [INA Papers, under the leadership of Rani Lakshmi F.No.1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 672-673 Bai he was involved in driving out WWIM, II, p.58] the British from Jhansi region, and destroying their settlements in Jhansi, Charan Singh: Hailed from v. Baoli, p.o. Mauranipur and Barwasagar; he was Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State arrested by British troops during (now in distt. Karauli), Rajputana their recovery of this area, and Agency (now Rajasthan); previously charged with ëplundering and a Sub-Officer in the 1/8 Punjab rebellion against the British, he was Regiment of the British-Indian Army; executed in 1859. [Mutiny Records, left it in 1942 to join the Indian Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll National Army in the same rank in Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] the 3rd Guerilla Regiment; he reached Imphal (Manipur) front under the Chator: Belonged to Banda, the North- command of S.A. Malik to fight Western Provinces (now Uttar against the British forces; he was Pradesh); Brahmin; he joined the killed in an exchange of fire with the rebels in their fight against the British enemy at Maibam Lokpa Ching (near during 1857, also incited his Imphal) in 1944. [INA Papers, neighbours to go all-out for ending F.Nos.498/INA, (1945), NAI; the British rule; he also preached WWIM, II, p.58] against the British policies; ëthey are against Hindu and Muslim religions Charanjit: Resident of Jhansi State, and have taken away their [Hindus Bundelkhand Agency, Central India and Muslims] honour and livelihoodí; Agency (now Uttar Pradesh); joined he was captured during the British the Uprising of 1857, fought against attack on the Banda region, the British under the leadership of sentenced to death in August 1858 142 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

on the charges of ëmurder, sedition rebels of his area during the Uprising and rebellioní; he was hanged in of 1857, and fought the British forces 1858. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny on several occasions; caught by the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 British during an engagement, he (VIII) (1858), MSAB] was accused of ëplundering the British property and rebellion against Chattar Singh: Born in Punwaree, the Britishí; he was sentenced to Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- death and hanged in 1860. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] during the Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British at various Chattu: Resident of Bairiya, distt. Ballia, places in the Hamirpur region; he also the United Provinces (now Uttar provided financial support to the Pradesh); s/o Ram Iqbal. A farmer native people and incited them to activist, he participated in a march take to arms against the firangis organized in the wake of the ìQuit (British); he was caught in course of Indiaî movement on 18 August 1942. an engagement with the advancing When the marchers came close to British troops, and sentenced to Bairiya Thana, they were fired upon death on the charges of ëaiding and by the police. Chattu received fatal abetting the rebellion against the bullet wounds and died on that very Britishí; he was executed by hanging day. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur RORCG; WWIM, I, p.164; BCA, p. 113] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Chattur Singh: Belonged to Tulhwapar, Chattar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the Division, the United Provinces (now North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttarakhand); he was a Naik in the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- hands with the rebels of his area Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty during the Uprising of 1857 and to the Indian National Army in 1942 fought against the British on several and served it as Naik in the 2nd occasions; he was caught by the Guerrilla Regiment; he fought the British in the course of an encounter Allied forces at Trawang, in Burma in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged (now Myanmar) and died on the in 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, battle ground in 1944. [INA Papers, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), WWIM, II, p.59] MSAB]

Chatterjeet Singh: Resident of Moorwa, Chaund Khan: Resident of the Oudh Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; he was a Sepoy in Pradesh); he joined hands with the the A. Company of the British-Indian Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 143

army; he left the British service Uprising of 1857 and fought against during the Uprising of 1857 and the British forces at various places in joined hands with the rebels of his the Allahabad region, and also incited area for fighting against the British the people to raise their arms against rule; he fought against the British at the British; he was caught by the several places in his region; he died British troops during their raids on in 1858 while resisting the advancing the Allahabad area, and convicted on British forces. [Mutiny Records, the charges of ërobbery and rebellion NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; against the Britishí; he was sentenced Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), to death in July 1857 and executed UPSAL] by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.215] Chauthi Nonia: Hailed from distt. Benaras (Varanasi), the United Cheit Singh: Hailed from Allygurh Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He [Aligarh], the North-Western joined the protest demonstration at Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Cholapur on 13August 1942 during participated in the Uprising of 1857 the ìQuit Indiaî movement of 1942. and also encouraged others to raise When the protesters were fired upon arms and overthrow the British rule; indiscriminately by the British police, he marched on to Delhi, joined hands Chauthi Nonia was hit by bullets and with the rebels there and fought the died on the spot. [H/poll F.No. 3/ British troops at several places; he 30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.256] was caught by the British after their re-occupation of Delhi, and charged Cheeda: Belonged to Oudh [Awadh] with ëmurder and rebellion against Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he the Britishí; he was sentenced to participated in the fighting against death and shot dead in 1857. [Mutiny the British forces during the Uprising Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) of 1857; he also encouraged his F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] neighbours to join the rebels and provided them with financial help to Chendeo Singh: Resident of Maora them to organize the fighting; he was Cheonka, Jhansi State (now Uttar caught by the enemy in the midst of Pradesh); joined the rebel forces an engagement and charged with during the Uprising of 1857 against ësedition, aiding and abetting the the British rule; while defending rebellion; sentenced to imprisonment Jhansi from the advancing British for life, he died in Jail in 1858. forces he was caught and charged [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl with ërebellion against the British.í Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Chendeo was sentenced to death in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Cheetoo: Belonged to Allahabad, the Basta, 8, UPRAA] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Chetanee: Hailed from Unnao, the 144 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

North-Western Provinces (now Uttar abetting the rebellion against the Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Britishí; sentenced to death with soon after the outbreak of the 1857 confiscation of his property in June Uprising; along with his fellow 1858, he was executed by hanging. rebels, he marched towards Delhi [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny while fighting against the British; he Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 escaped to his region after the British (VIII) (1858), MSAB] re-occupation of Delhi in September 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting Chhaju Singh: Hailed from Bamanwas, the advancing British army in the teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Unnao Mutiny Basta, 4, UPRAA] Agency (now Rajasthan); Rajput; participated in the kisan agitatorsí Cheto: Resident of v. Gothra, Jaipur State meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 (now in distt. Sikar), the Rajputana May 1925 to remonstrate against the Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o Shyam; Maharajaís oppressive administration Jat. He took part in the kisan and his land settlement policy of agitatorsí meeting held at Kudan in 1923-24. In this settlement the May 1934 to demonstrate against the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were Jagirdarsí atrocities, the increased land forfeited and the land revenue had tax, and its forcible collection. been increased by fifty per cent. Hearing the news of the kisan Though all agriculturists were gathering, a Senior Police Officer affected adversely by it, the Rajputs reached Kudan village with a police turned out to be the worst sufferers. party and ordered for lathi charge Hearing the news of this gathering first and then for opening fire on the of the kisan agitators the Maharaja agitators. With others, Cheto was sent his State Army to counter the severely injured in this attack and rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops died. [Rajasthan, 13 May 1934, RSAB; surrounded the village, blocked all SKAI, p.118] the escape routes from it and opened fire on the protesters without any Chhadah; Resident of Banda, the North- prior warning of dispersal. Chhaju Western Provinces (now Uttar Singh received severe gun shots in Pradesh); he joined hands with the the indiscriminate firing and died. rebel forces during the Uprising of Simultaneously, the village was also 1857 and fought against the British set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar in the Banda region; he also provided Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; financial support to the other rebels TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; of his area and encouraged them to Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, attack and kill the British and their F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, loyalists; he was caught in the course RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, of the British advance in Banda and F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] charged with ëmurder, aiding and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 145

Chhangur Singh: Resident of v. not removed. Chhatar Singh came Brahmanpur, Dohi Taluqa, Jownpore forward, bared chest and shouted [Jaunpur], the North-Western thunderously: ìCome and remove the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); flag, if you have the courageî. The Zamindar; he took part in the Uprising Inspector warned him to leave the of 1857, fought in a number of place but Chhatar Singh defied him engagements with the British troops and remained there. The Inspector, in the Jaunpur region; he was on the orders of the Deputy captured by the British during their Superintendent of Police, shot him attacks on the rebel forces, and dead. Chhatar Singh was 37 years old charged with ëmurder and rebellion when he attained martyrdom. [Sujas, against the Britishí; he was sentenced No.4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, pp.72- to death and executed by hanging 73; CDERS, p.181] from a tree near a village in Jaunpur in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Chhatar Singh: Resident of Bharatpur, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, Bharatpur State (now distt. p.31] Bharatpur), Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); served as Sepoy in the Chhatar Singh: Born in v. Tasimo, Hong Kong-Singapore Royal Dholpur State (now distt. Dholpur), Artillery of the British-Indian Army; Rajasthan; Thakur; occupation shifted his loyalty to the Indian agriculture. He was an active National Army in 1942 and served member of Dholpur Rajya Praja in its 2nd Guerilla Regiment; he fought Mandal. Along with other Praja against the British on the Burma Mandal leaders (Thakur Gulab Singh, (Myanmar) front and died in the Ramcharan Gaur, Chhutan Singh, course of heavy fighting at Kalewa Pancham Singh, Shankarlal, etc.) in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.379// Chhatar Singh took part in mobilising INA, (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.59] the people from such villages as Tasimon, Brasienavav, Brijgarh, Chheda Lal: Resident of Bharatpur, Nagla and Vidhora of Dholpur State Bharatpur State (now distt. for a national flag hoisting ceremony Bharatpur), Rajputana Agency (now at Tasimo on 8 April 1947. On the Rajasthan); earlier he was a Naik appointed day, before a big Sepoy in the I.G.H. of the British- gathering, Chhatar Singh hoisted the Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty flag. The Area Magistrate, with a to the Indian National Army in 1942 police party led by the Deputy and confronted the British in Burma Superintendent of Police, also (now Myanmar); while taking part reached the village and ordered the in the INA campaign against the Axis Praja Mandal leaders to remove the forces on the Kohima-Manipur fronts, flag. Nobody really bothered, he fell ill and died like of few others forcing the Police Inspector to warn in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. of dire consequences if the flag was 1,2,5,12,/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.61] 146 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Chhokla: Resident of Ghazeepoor the Awadh Province (now Uttar [Ghazipur], the North-Western Pradesh); Subedar; he took a Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Jat; prominent part with Agha Mirza, in he joined the rebel forces of his area organizing and leading the rebels and fought the British forces at during the Rising of 1857; being in several places in Ghazipur during the the front of the procession of the Uprising of 1857; he was caught by rebels (from Aishbagh to near the the British at the time of their re- Roomi Gate), he received injuries occupation of the Ghazipur region, during the British forcesí firing on and executed by hanging in 1859. it; caught by the British army, he was [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny hanged at Jelo-Khana of Machchi Basta, UPRAA] Bhawan, Lucknow in May 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Chhola: Resident of v. Laha, distt. Basta, UPRAA; L1857, pp.59-60] Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Khuda Bux. He took part in the Chhotkai Harijan: Resident of v. & p.o. political movement for responsible Bijayee Kaaf, distt. Deoria, Uttar government in Jammu and Kashmir Pradesh. While participating in the State. He participated in a procession sabotage, and taking part in at Rajouri on 1 October 1931 to protest destroying a bridge on Majhla Nala against the autocratic rule in the in Deoria during the ìQuit Indiaî state. The procession was stopped by movement, Chhotkai Harijan was the soldiers of the State Army and killed in the police guardsí firing in fired upon, killing Chhola on the spot. 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, RORCG; SSKS, vol. 36, distt. Deoraia, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.62; EBIFF, 1978, pp. 24 & ka] Vol.1, p.157] Chhunchhun: Born in Agra, the North- Chhota Singh: Resident of Ghazeepoor Western Provinces (now Uttar [Ghazipur], the North-Western Pradesh); Sheikh; he joined the rebel Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); forces in the course of an Uprising of Rajpoot [Rajput]; he fought the 1857 and took part in an attack on British at several places in Ghazipur the British establishments; caught by during the Uprising of 1857; he also the British during the engagement, offered financial support to others he was hanged in 1858 on the charges for buying arms and looting the of ëmurder of the British officers and British treasury; he was caught plundering the Government property during the British re-occupation of during the rebellioní. [Mutiny the Ghazipur region, and executed Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] (1858), MSAB]

Chhote Khan: Belonged to Lucknow, Chhutary: Belonged to Banda, the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 147

North-Western Provinces (now Uttar set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Pradesh); he provided financial Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; support to the rebels of his area TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; during the Uprising of 1857, and Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, encouraged the local inhabitants to F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, take up their arms against the British RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, and their loyalists; he was caught by F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] the British troops during their attack on Banda and charged with ëaiding Chhuttan Lal: Resident of v. Bhatona, and abetting the rebellion against the distt. Bulandshahr, the United Britishí; he was sentenced to death Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He in August 1858 and executed by took active part in the Civil hanging, his property was also Disobedience movement in 1930 and, confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda being a farmer, also joined the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, peasant agitation against the Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] payment of land revenue. He received fatal bullet wounds in the Chhute: Belonged to teh. Thanaghazi, British policeís firing on a protest Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the rally at Gulaothi on 12 September Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); 1930 and died on the spot. [H/poll Nai (barber); took part in a meeting F.No. 23/58/30, NAI; WWIM, I, p.73] of the kisan agitators held at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to Chiddoo: Belonged to Moradabad, the remonstrate against the Maharajaís North-western Provinces (now Uttar misgovernance and his land Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands settlement policy of 1923-24. In this with the rebels of his area during the settlement the Biswedari rights of the Uprising of 1857 and marched Rajputs were forfeited and the land towards Delhi while fighting against revenue increased by fifty per cent. the British forces; he returned to his Though all agriculturists were region after the fall of Delhi in affected adversely by it, the Rajputs September 1857; he was caught by had been the hardest hit. Hearing the the British after their re-occupation news of this kisan gathering, the of this area and hanged in 1859 on Maharaja sent his State Army to the charges of ëmurder and rebellion counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. against the Britishí. [Mutiny Records, The troops surrounded the village, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll blocked all the exit points routes Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), from it and opened fire on the MSAB] protesters without any prior warning of dispersal. Chhute received bullets Chimnio: Belonged to Patia under Garhi wounds in the indiscriminate firing Jagir in Banswara State (now distt. and died on the same day. Banswara), Rajasthan; took part in Simultaneously, the village was also the Bhagat Bhil movement in 148 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

southern Rajasthan that Govindgiri Chinnajee: Belonged to Cheterkonee, started in 1907, preaching Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- monotheism among the Bhils and Western Provinces (now Uttar Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- fought the British forces at several religious endeavour grew into a places in Ghazipur during the politico-economic movement, against Uprising of 1857; he was caught by the extraction of Begar (forced labour) the British troops after their re- and exploitation of the Bhils by the occupation of the Ghazipur region, petty officials of the Dungarpur and and executed by hanging in 1859. Banswara States and Sunth (a small [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny state in Gujarat). Chimnio was one Basta, UPRAA] among those thousands of Bhagat Bhils who joined this movement and Chiru Kirmu: Resident of v. Pippat, warned the Dungarpur and Chhatarpur State, the Central Indian Banswara rulers in the first week of Agency (now Madhya Pradesh). November 1913, either to remove the Joined the peasant movement in 1930 main grievance of the Bhils or to face in Chhatarpur State against its feudal the overthrowing of the Statesí oppression and imposition of cesses authority to oppress and ill-treat and heavy taxes. Participated in the them. The militancy of the Bhils and public meeting of more than 8,000 their gathering in Mangarh hill so peasants on 15 January 1931 at unnerved the British that they sent Singpur villageís Charanpaduka their own troops along with those of compound. The meeting was the States to lay siege on Mangarh suddenly surrounded by the troops hill and disperse the gathering. On of 25 British Corps, led by the 17 November 1913 the combined Political Agent, Fisher, and troops attacked the Bhil position and accompanied by the Dewan, to pre- the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai empt any law and order problem. All Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did on a sudden Fisher instructed the not give up till many of them were toops to open fire on the gathering injured, 900 captured and 25, and they sprayed more than 40 including Chimnio, killed. The rounds of bullets, killing 7 (26 claimed incident did awaken the tribesmen by the local) and injuring 26. Chiru so much that Motilal Tejawat had not Kirmu was among those killed in this found it difficult to mobilise them in tragically cruel incident. [F/Poll, F. 1921-22 against forced labour and No.230 (1931); H/Poll, F.Nos.12-14 high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll (1931); 2 (41) (1931); 18-XII (1930); 18- Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March 31 (1931), NAI; CDG p.247-49] 1914; Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 Chiru Kirmu: Resident of v. Pippat, teh. (referred in connection with the Laundi, Chattarpur State, incident)] Bundelkhand Agency (now Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 149

Chhatarpur district in Madhya retrieval of the area and the defeat Pradesh); participated in a public of the rebels, Chittu was captured at meeting which was held at Singpurís his home and hanged on 23 Charanpaduka Maidan on 15 January December 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. 1931, to protest against the feudal V, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) exactions, collection of cesses and (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p. 30] high taxes by the Durbar; all on a sudden the venue was surrounded Choonnee Loll: Belonged to Agra, the by the British Indian Army (Malwa North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Bhil Corps) under the Political Agent Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sowar of Bundelkhand, Fisher, and the [Sawar] in the Armed Guards State police led by the Dewan of Contingent at the Agra Central Chhatarpur State. Accusing the Prison; he left the British service in protestors of defying the law and June 1857 and participated in the disobeying the authorities, the Uprising of 1857. Along with his Political Agent commanded his other comrades, he marched towards officers and corps to teach the Delhi and joined the rebelsí struggle peasants a lesson. Thereafter the against the British rule; he died while forces lathi-charged and fired 40 fighting the advancing British army rounds of bullets on the protestors; in the defence of the Delhi region in caught in the melee, Chiru Kirmu was September 1857. [Mutiny Records, shot dead. [H/Poll, F.No. 18-XII/30, Agra Mutiny Basta, S. No. 69, F. No. 18/31, F. No. 22/31, NAI; F/ UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, Poll; F.No. 230-P (Secret)/1931, NAI; NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) MPSGCD, pp. 55-57; MPMAKLA, pp. (1858), MSAB] 199-2005] Choonnee Loll: Resident of Taj Gunj, Chit Bahal: Resident of v. Sarai Harkhu, Agra, the North-Western Provinces distt. Jaunpur, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Ram was a Duffadar [Dafadar] with the Bharosey Kevat. He was killed in the Contingent Guards of the Agra police firing while taking part in a Central Prison under the British procession during the ìQuit Indiaî Government; he left the British movement in his village in August service during the Uprising of 1857 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; to join the rebelsí fighting against the RORCG; WWIM, I, p.73] British rule; he marched towards Delhi along with others and Chittu: Resident of Mandleshwar, confronted the British at several Malwa region, Central India Agency places; he died in 1858 while resisting (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o Madar the British onslaught. [Mutiny Baksh; joined the anti-British rebel Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, forces during the Uprising of 1857 in UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) the Malwa region; with the British (1858), MSAB] 150 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Choonnee Loll: Resident of the Oudh Futehpore Secree [Fatehpur Sikri], [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar the North-Western Provinces (now Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy Uttar Pradesh); s/o Hursooka; he in the A. Company of the British- joined the rebel forces during the Indian army; he left the British Uprising of 1857 and took part in service during the Uprising of 1857 attacks on the British officers and and joined hands with the rebel their establishments; he was caught forces to fight against the British rule; by the British in the midst of an he fought against the British at engagement and hanged in 1858 on several places, and died in 1858 while the charges of ëmurder of the British resisting the advancing British forces. officers and plundering the [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Government property during the Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi (1858-59), UPSAL] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Choora: Belonged to Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Chotey Khan: Born in Puthra, Pradesh); participated in the Uprising Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- of 1857; he accompanied the rebel Western Provinces (now Uttar forces at various places in Banda to Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces fight against the British. during the Uprising of 1857 and Subsequently he was captured by the fought against the British at various British forces and charged with places in the Hamirpur region; he also ëmurder and rebelhioní. He was provided financial support to the local sentenced to be hanged by the people and incited them to raise their Special Commissioner of Banda in arms against the British; he was May 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. caught in the course of an Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), engagement with the advancing UPSAL] British troops, and sentenced to death on the charges of ëaiding and Chotay Khan: Resident of Kumbul abetting the rebellion against the Kutra, Agra, the North-Western Britishí; he was executed by hanging Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Pathan; he took part in the Uprising Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, of 1857 and fought against the British Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] forces at several place; he was caught by the British during their attacks on Chotey Khan: Resident of Agra, the the rebels positions, and executed by North-Western Provinces (now Uttar hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); Mewatee [Mewati]; he was Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll a Sepoy in the A. Company of the Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] British-Indian army; he left the British service during the Uprising Chotay: Belonged to Serai Suhur, of 1857 and fought against the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 151

at several places in his region; he of 1857, and fought the British forces died in 1858 while resisting the on several occasions; caught by the advancing British forces. [Mutiny British in the midst of an Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, engagement, he was accused of UPRAA] ëplundering the British property and rebellion against the Britishí; he was Chotey Lall: Resident of Allygurh sentenced to death and hanged in [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. the Uprising of 1857 and also incited Srs.), UPRAA] others to raise arms for overthrowing the British rule; he Choudhary Mohan Singh: Resident of marched on to Delhi, joined hands Shamli, Muzaffarnagar, the North- with the rebels there and fought the Western Provinces (now Uttar British troops; he was caught by the Pradesh); he joined hands with the British after their re-occupation of rebel forces during the Uprising of Delhi, and charged with ësedition and 1857 and fought against the British rebellion against the Britishí; he was at several places in the Muzaffar- sentenced to death and shot dead in nagar region; he was captured by the 1857. [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. British in the course of an (Delhi Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] engagement and sentenced to death on the charges of ëmurder and Chotey Loll: Belonged to Maynpooree rebellion against the Britishí; he was [Mainpuri], the North-Western executed on the gallows in 1857. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); [Mutiny Records, Muzaffarnagar Brahmin; he was a Sirdar Jemadar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, [Sardar Jamadar] in the Contingent p.98] Guards of the Agra Central Prison; he left the British service on 5 July Chouree Singh: Resident of Lucknow, 1857 and joined the fighting against the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now the British at various places during Uttar Pradesh); soon after the the Uprising of 1857; he died in the outbreak of the Uprising of 1857, he course of an encounter with the joined hands with the ëHindustanií advancing British army in 1858. forces in fighting against the British; [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, he also participated in plundering the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) British properties and passing these (1858), MSAB] on to the rebels for use in defraying their military expenses; he was Chotey Ram: Resident of Moorwa, caught during the re-occupation of Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- the area and sentenced to imprison- Western Provinces (now Uttar ment for life on the charges of Pradesh); he joined hands with the ëplundering and rebellioní; he lost his rebels of his area during the Uprising life in jail. [Mutiny Records, Abst. 152 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), Division in 1942; joined a protest UPSAL] demonstration at Sumand Patti (Almora) that was stopped by the Choutey: Resident of Banda, the North- British forces and fired upon; Western Provinces (now Uttar Churamani received bullet wounds Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the and died on the spot. [PCJ Papers, British-Indian army but left it during Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 the Uprising of 1857 and joined the (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, p.74; SSKS, KD: rebel forces of his region; he also p.3; BSAS: p. 129] persuaded other native sepoys of the British army to take the rebel side; Chukki: Born in 1895, belonged to v. he was caught while defending his Jambada, teh. Multai, distt. Betul, area against an advancing British Madhya Pradesh; s/o Rati Ram. A army; charged with ëdesertion, labourer, he was involved in the mutiny and seditioní, he was Jungle Satyagraha (Civil sentenced to death in September 1858 Disobedience movement). Arrested and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Banda and convicted under Section 147 in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 332 I.P.C., he was awarded two Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] yearsí rigorous imprisonment on 3 December 1930. He was put in the Chttur: Resident of Humeerpoor Hoshangabad District Jail (Nerbudda [Hamirpur], the North-Western administrative division of the then Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Central Provinces & Berar) and participated in the Uprising of 1857 passed away in jail on 13 January and fought against the British at 1931. [H/Poll, F.Nos 23/54/1930; 23/ several places in the Hamirpur 58/1930, NAI] region; he was caught subsequently by the British army, and convicted Chundee Singh: Resident of Gwalee, on the charges of ërebellion against Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- the Britishí; he was sentenced to life Western Provinces (now Uttar imprisonment with confiscation of Pradesh); he joined hands with the property in 1859; he died in captivity. rebels of his area during the Uprising [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny of 1857, and fought the British forces Basta, UPRAA] on several occasions; caught by the British in the course of an engage- Chudamani/Churamani; Born in 1886, in ment, he was hanged in 1860. v. Khumand Patti, distt. Almora, [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur Kumaon Division, the United Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), Provinces (now Uttarakhand); s/o UPRAA] Paramdev; a school drop-out (after fourth standard); peasant; became a Chundeena: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Congress worker and took part in the Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces ìQuit Indiaî movement in Kumaon soon after the outbreak of the 1857 Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 153

Uprising; along with his associates, Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.207] he marched towards Delhi while fighting against the British forces; he Chundun Loll: Hailed from escaped to his region soon after the Farruckabad [Farukhabad], the British re-occupation of Delhi in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar September 1857; he died in 1858 while Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Havildar resisting the advancing British army [Hawaldar] in the Armed Guards in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny Contingent at the Agra Central Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP Prison; he left the British service in (1858-59), UPSAL] June 1857 to take part in the Uprising of 1857. Along with his other Chundersein: Resident of Mynpooree comrades, he marched towards Delhi [Mainpuri], the North-Western and joined hands with the rebels in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); the fight against the British rule; he Brahmin; he was a Sirdar Jemadar died while resisting the advancing [Sardar Jamadar] in the Contingent British army in the Delhi region in Guards of the Agra Central Prison; September 1857. [Mutiny Records, he left the British service on 5 July Agra Mutiny Basta, S. No. 69, 1857 and joined the fighting against UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, the British at various places during NAI] the Uprising of 1857; he died in the course of an encounter with the Chundun Roy: Belonged to Khariada, advancing British army in 1858. Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Western Provinces (now Uttar UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined (1858), MSAB] the rebel forces of his village and fought the British forces at several Chundowa: Belonged to Allahabad, the places in Ghazipur during the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857; he was caught by Pradesh); he took part in the the British after their re-occupation Uprising of 1857 and fought against of the Ghazipur region, and executed the British forces at several places in by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, the Allahabad region; he also took Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] part in plundering the British properties and offering the proceeds Chundun Singh: Belonged to to other rebels for buying arms; he Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North- was caught by the British troops Western Provinces (now Uttar during their attacks on the Allahabad Pradesh); soon after the outbreak of rebels, and charged with ëplunder, the 1857 Rising, he joined the rebel attempt at murder and rebellion force and fought against the British against the Britishí; he was sentenced army in the Kanpur region; he was to death in July 1857 and executed captured by the British during the by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, fighting and tried on the charges of 154 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

ëmurder and rebellion against the Umaram; Brahmin. A political activist Britishí; he was sentenced to be since his school days, he was hanged in February 1859. [Mutiny hounded out of his village by the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Sikrali Jagirdar and forced to settle NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] down in Nimbi Jodha. He came in contact with Mahant Chaindas and Chundun: Resident of Furrukhabad, the decided to stand up against the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Jagirdari everywhere. Participated in Pradesh); he was a Havildar the Satyagraha launched by the [Hawaldar] in the A. Company of the Marwar Lok Parishad in 1942, and British-Indian army; he left the was imprisoned in Jodhpur. On British service during the Uprising release, he started Harijan Pathshala of 1857 and joined hands with the for educating Dalit children and took rebel forces to fight against the part in mobilizing the kisans. He British rule; he fought the British at travelled all parts of the Jodhpur several places, and died in 1858 while State for organizing a Kisan resisting the advancing British forces. Conference in Dabra. When the [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Conference met at Dabra on 13 March Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP 1947, the Dabra Jagirdarís men (1858-59), UPSAL] attacked its organisers and even fired on them. Chunnilal received severe Chuni Lal: Resident of Amjhera State, bullet wounds in the firing and died Malwa region, the Central India on the spot. [Sujas, No.4, June-July Agency (now Madhya Pradesh); 1998, Jaipur, pp.74-75; DKAS, pp.2-10] when the whole of Malwa was aroused by the Uprising of 1857, he Churun: Belonged to Banda, the North- joined the anti-British rebel forces Western Provinces (now Uttar and participated in their raids on Pradesh); he joined hands with the Bhopawar (Political) Agency in the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 first week of July 1857; the Indore and fought against the British forces State troops, assisting the British in in the Banda region; he also incited subduing the rebel forces, defeated his neighbours to raise their arms and Chuni Lalís men; they captured and kill the British and their supporters; handed him over to the British; later he was caught by the British troops he was executed in Indore [Mutiny at the time of their operations in Papers, V, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. Banda, and charged with ësedition, No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB; WWIM, plundering and rebellion against the III, p.30] Britishí, sentenced to death with confiscation of property in May 1858; Chunnilal Sharma: Born in v. Nimbi he was executed by hanging. [Mutiny Jodha in Vikram Samvat 1988, teh. Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Ladnu, Jodhpur (Marwar) State (now UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) in distt. Nagaur), Rajasthan; s/o (1858), MSAB] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 155

Chuttur: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] died in 1858 while resisting the Province (now Uttar Pradesh); advancing British forces. [Mutiny Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the A. Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, Company of the British-Indian army; UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- he left the British service during the 59), UPSAL] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British at several places in his Commander Jahan Sher: Resident of region; he died in 1858 while resisting Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) the advancing British forces. [Mutiny Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, joined the Uprising of 1857 and UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc.Oudh (1858- played a significant role in organizing 59), UPSAL] and training the rebel forces of his region; he led the rebels in attacking Chutturjeet: Resident of the Oudh the British authorities and their [Awadh] Province (now Uttar establishments in Lucknow on Pradesh); Goojar [Gujar]; he was a several occasions; he died while Sepoy in the A. Company of the fighting against the British army at British-Indian army; he left the Hazratganj, Lucknow in 1858. British service during the Uprising [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny of 1857 and fought against the British Basta, UPRAA] at several places in his region; he 156 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

DD

D. L. Dass: Resident of v. Ramkatora, the Fatehpur area; he was captured distt. Varanasi, the United Provinces by the enemy during an engagement (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o R. C. Dass. and charged with ëplundering and Before joining the Indian National rebellion against the Britishí; Army in 1942 as a Section Officer in sentenced to transportation for life the Military Police, he was a Havildar in 1858, he died in jail before his [Hawaldar]-Clerk in the Ambulance transportation. [Mutiny Records, Service of the British-Indian Army. Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- He died while facing the Allied 59), UPSAL] forceís assault on Myaung Hospital, Rangoon, Burma (now Myanmar) in Daibeepershaud: Belonged to Etawah, 1945. [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, the North-Western Provinces (now NAI; WWIM, II, p.72] Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the Dabri Rai: Hailed from distt. Deoria, the Contingent Guards of the Agra United Provinces (now Uttar Central Prison; he left the British Pradesh); s/o Ishwari Pratap Rai. He service during the Uprising of 1857, was killed in the police firing while joined hands with the rebels of his taking part in a demonstration area and fought the British troops in during the ìQuit Indiaî movement several engagements in the Agra- in August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/16/ Mathura region; he was killed by the 42, NAI; BCA, p. 126; WWIM, II, advancing British forces in the course pp.136-137] of their attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Daem Khan: Belonged to Futtehpore UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) [Fatehpur], the North-Western (1858), MSAB] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Daibeepershaud: Resident of Etawah, fought against the British troops in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 157

Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Deogarh, Jhansi State (now Uttar Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contingent Pradesh), he joined the rebel forces Guards of the Agra Central Prison in the Uprising of 1857 against the under the British Government; he British rule; while encountering the left the British service during the British attempts at re-occupying Uprising of 1857 and joined the Jhansi in 1858, he was captured by rebelsí fighting against the British; he the enemy; sentenced to death on marched towards Delhi along with charges of ërebellion against the the fellow rebels and fought the Britishí, Singh was executed soon British at several places; he died in thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi 1858 in the course of a British attack Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, on the rebel forces. [Mutiny Records, Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Dalam: Belonged to Jagdalpur area, Indrawati valley in Bastar State (now Daiyo: Belonged to Udrasar village in in Chhattisgarh); joined the Adivasi Bikaner State (now distt. Bikaner), (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt of 1910 in Rajasthan; betel-seller in Bikaner. the Jagdalpur area of Bastar against Along with the villagers of Udrasar the colonial and feudal exploitation, and the representatives of Bikaner and the tribesí anxiety for Praja Mandal, Daiyo went to meet maintaining their distinct ways of the Bikaner ruler in 1936 to protest life. On 16 February 1910, following against the atrocities of the State the direct confrontation (Indrawati- Police. But the Maharaja did not meet ford battle) between the rebels and them and the police atrocities the British where many people died continued. To punish him for daring on the rebel side, Dalam and few to protest, the police arrested Daiyo, others escaped from the scene and charged him with theft, took him to rallied round the neighbouring Ulnar the Kotwali (Police Station) and and Netanar villages. ìOn the night beaten him to death. Next morning, of 25th February, the combined the Executive Committee of Bikaner forces surrounded the Ulnar hill on Praja Mandal reacted sharply to which the men of Netanar village [the Daiyoís death, passed a Resolution rebels] were supposed to be on the increase of police atrocities in encamped. The movement was well the State and submitted it to the Prime executed, and all the aboriginals Minister of the State. Daiyoís death [tribals] were captured....î Dalam did not go in vain, it strengthened and some of the rebels were arrested, the Praja Mandal movement in charged with ìwaging war against Bikaner. [H/Deptt (Bikaner State), the Crownî, and tried between 13 F.No. C V, 1930, RSAB; BJA, pp. 48- March and 28 April 1910 (known as 49] the Jagdalpur Trial). Seventy eight rebels, including Dalam, were put Dakhun Jamahar Singh: Resident of behind the bars in Bastar Jail. In June 158 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

1910 Dalam with others were shifted distt. Saugor (now Sagar), the Central to the Raipur Central Jail, where he Provinces and Berar (now Madhya died (before 7 November 1910) Pradesh); joined the rebel forces and suffering ill-treatment and tortures became prominent in leading the by the jail authorities. [F/Poll Uprising of 1857 in the valley of (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, Narmada river; in the course of NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, fighting against the British he Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf collaborated with such other rebel HTPB, pp.245-57] leaders as Dhillain Shah and Narvar Shah; he was defeated by the British Dalehund: Resident of Mundee Syeed on 23 November 1857, captured, Khan, Agra, the North-Western tried and hanged along with a Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); number of his followers. [Mutiny Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the C. Papers, Vol. IV, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Company under the British-Indian Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB; army; he left the service during the WWIM, III, p.31] Uprising of 1857 and joined hands with the rebels for fighting against Dalip Singh: Hailed from distt. Meerut, the British rule; he was caught in 1858 the United Provinces (now Uttar while resisting the advancing British Pradesh). He was a Sepoy in the forces, and sentenced to death on the Hong Kong-Singapore Royal charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Artillery of the British-Indian Army against the British authoritiesí. but left the British service in 1942 and [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, joined as soldier in the 2nd Guerrilla UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- Regiment of the Indian National 59), UPSAL] Army. When he was called upon to face the British army on the Burma Dalel Sing: Resident of distt. Meerut, (Myanmar) front, he fought them the United Provinces (now Uttar near Kalewa and died on the battle Pradesh). He was previously a ground probably in 1944. [INA soldier of the British-Indian Armyís Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, Hong Kong-Singapore Royal II, p.67] Artillery. He shifted his loyalty to the Indian National Army. On joining the Dalip Singh: Resident of v. Kharsi, distt. INA he was placed in the 2nd Jodhpur, Rajasthan; employed as an Guerrilla Regiment as a Sepoy. He Ambulance Sepoy in the 16th Field was killed in an Allied forcesí Hospital of the British-Indian Army; bombardment near Imphal (Manipur) he shifted his loyalty to the Indian in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.1/INA, National Army in 1942 and served it NAI; ROH, pp. 678-679 WWIM, II, as a Nursing Sepoy in the Fourth p.67] Guerilla Regiment. He was killed in an engagement with the British Dalganjan Singh: Hailed from Singpur, forces on the Burma (Myanmar) Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 159

front. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, increased, along with the imposition F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; of fresh taxes. Dallo was one among MPSSZB,] those two to three thousand Bhils who gathered at Siyawa village on Dalla Singh: Belonged to Lucknow, the 4/5 April 1922 and decided that they Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar would not give the increased Pradesh); he took part in the Malgujari, the Begar and any other resistance against the British rule casses to the State. Hearing the news during the Uprising of 1857 and of this Bhil gathering, the State Army fought the British forces in different and 200 soldiers of the Mewar Bhil places in the Lucknow region; he was Corps, led by Major Richards, killed by the British army in an reached there and opened fire on the engagement at Bailley Guard, agitators without any prior warning Lucknow, in November 1857. on 12 April 1922. Some of the Bhils [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny could manage to escape and fled to Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh the hills. However, with several (1858), UPSAL] others, Dallo was severely injured in the firing and died on the spot. Dalla: Resident of Faizabad, the Oudh Simultaneously with this assault, the [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar village was looted and set on fire by Pradesh); he took part in the the troops. [NR, 30 April and 18 June Uprising of 1857, proceeded to 1922, RSAB; AMR, 1913-1947, pp.101- Lucknow, and fought against the 102] British at several places in the city; he was caught by the British army Dalloo: Resident of Agra, the North- and hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Western Provinces (now Uttar Lucknow, in June 1857. [Mutiny Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Havildar [Hawaldar] in the Armed UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Guard Contingent at the Agra Oudh (1857), UPSAL] Central Prison; he left the British service in June 1857 and joined the Dallo: Resident of v. Siyawa, Sirohi State Uprising of 1857. Along with other (now distt. Sirohi), the Rajputana rebels, he marched towards Delhi Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o and took part in the fighting against Bheemo; Girassia (tribe). He took the British forces; he was killed by part in the Bhil-Girassia (tribal) the advancing British army during an revolt of 1922 in the Siawa, Velaliya encounter in the Delhi region in and Bhula villages of Sirohi State September 1857. [Mutiny Records, against the atrocities of the Sirohi Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny ruler, his land settlement policy, Begar Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] (forced labour) and cesses. In this settlement the Malgujari (land Daloo: Belonged to Futtehpore revenue demand) had been [Fatehpur], the North-Western 160 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he Dalvo: Hailed from Jerpata of Bhukia joined hands with the rebel forces Jagir in Banswara State (now distt. during the Uprising of 1857 and Banswara), Rajasthan; took part in fought against the British at various the Bhagat Bhil movement in places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; southern Rajasthan that Govindgiri he was killed by the British troops in started in 1907, preaching the course of an encounter in 1857. monotheism among the Bhils and [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- religious endeavour changed into a Dalu Singh: Belonged to v. Rasnalee, politico-economic movement, against Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the the extraction of Begar (forced labour) Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); and exploitation of the Bhils by the Shekhawat; took part in the kisan petty officials of the Dungarpur and meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 Banswara States and Sunth (a small May 1925 to protest against the state in Gujarat). Dalvo was one Maharajaís mal-administration and among those thousands of Bhagat his land settlement policy of 1923-24. Bhils who joined this movement and In this settlement the Biswedari rights warned the Dungarpur and of the Rajputs were forfeited and the Banswara rulers in the first week of land revenue increased by fifty per November 1913, either to remove the cent. Though all agriculturists were main grievance of the Bhils or to face affected adversely by it, the Rajputs the overthrowing of the Statesí suffered the most. Hearing the news authority to oppress and ill-treat of this gathering, the Maharaja sent them. The militancy of the Bhils and his State Army to counter the rallyists their gathering in Mangarh hill so at Neemuchana. The troops unnerved the British that they sent surrounded the village, blocked all their own troops along with those of the exit points from it and opened the States to lay siege on Mangarh fire on the protesters without any hill and disperse the gathering. On prior warning of dispersal. Many 17 November 1913 the combined people received severe gun shots in troops attacked the Bhil position and the indiscriminate firing, including the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai Dalu Singh, who died on the spot. Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did Simultaneously, the village was also not give up till many of them were set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar injured, 900 captured and 25, Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; including Dalvo, killed. The incident TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; did awaken the tribesmen so much Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, that Motilal Tejawat had not found F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, 22 against forced labour and high rate F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March 1914; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 161

Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; encounter with the British army in BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny (referred in connection with the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 incident)] (IX) (1858), MSAB]

Damar Bahadur: Resident of the Danger Singh: Resident of v. Garhwal Division, the United Mangaraha, distt. Benaras Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was (Varanasi), the United Provinces a Soldier in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o of the British-Indian Army; he Jharkhandey Singh. He actively volunteered to join the Indian participated in the Salt Satyagraha of National Army in 1942 and served it 1930 and died due to the severe as Lance-Naik in the Ist Bahadur blows received in a lathi-charge by Group; while fighting against the the British police during the British forces in Burma (now Satyagraha campaign. His mother Myanmar) he was killed on the battle could not bear the loss of her only ground at Aizon in 1944. [INA son and she also died. [H/poll F.No. Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA 23/58/30, NAI;WWIM, I, p.76] (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.68] Daniar Khan: Hailed from Jaunpur, the Damodar Swaroop: Resident of distt. North-Western Provinces (now uttar Pilibhit, the United Provinces (now pradesh); s/o Ghulab Khan; he Uttar Pradesh); s/o Ratan Lal. A deserted the British-Indian Army cloth merchant by profession, he was and joined the rebel forces in fighting an active participant in the nationalist the British in the 1857 Uprising; he activities. He was beaten to death was arrested, charged with ëbetrayal when the police lathi-charged a and rebellion against the King- protest rally he was leading during Emperorí and sentence to death; he the ìQuit Indiaî movement in August was executed by hanging on 11 1942 at Pilibhit. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/ September 1857. [Mutiny Records, 42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.76] Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Daneshee: Resident of Torah, Agra, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Daniya: Born in v. Darbha, Sukma Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Zamindari, Bastar State (now in Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the Chhattisgarh); s/o Hajariya Banjara; Contingent Guards of the Agra took part in the Adivasi (tribal) Central Prison; he left the British Bhumkal ñ revolt of 1910 in the service during the Uprising of 1857 Jagdalpur area of Bastar against the and joined the rebels of the Agra feudal and colonial exploitation, and region; he fought the British troops in the tribesí anxiety for maintaining at several places in the Agra-Mathura their distinct ways of life. On 16 area; he died in the midst of an February 1910, following the direct 162 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

confrontation (Indrawati-ford battle) British army after their re-occupation between the rebels and the British of the Ghazipur region, and executed where many died on the rebel side, by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Daniya and few others escaped from Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] the scene and rallied round the neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar Daood Beg: Resident of Allygurh villages. ìOn the night of 25th [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces February, the combined forces (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in surrounded the Ulnar hill on which the Uprising of 1857 and also the men of Netanar village [the encouraged other people to raise rebels] were supposed to be their arms for overthrowing the encamped. The movement was well British rule; he marched on to Delhi, executed, and all the aboriginals joined hands with the rebels there [tribals] were captured.î Daniya was and fought the British troops; he was one among those arrested, charged caught by the British after their re- with ìwaging war against the occupation of Delhi, and charged Crownî, and prosecuted between 13 with ësedition and rebellion against March and 28 April 1910 (known as the Britishí; he was sentenced to the Jagdalpur Trial) under Sections death and shot dead in 1857. [Mutiny 25/436/325. He was sentenced to Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) three yearsí rigorous imprisonment F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] and detained in Bastar Jail. Later, in June 1910 he was shifted, with Daood Khan; Resident of Paharee, seventy eight other rebels, to the Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- Raipur Central Jail. Daniya was Western Provinces (now Uttar severely tortured by the jail Pradesh); he participated in the authorities and died there (before 7 Uprising of 1857 and fought against November 1910). [F/Poll the British forces in the Hamirpur (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, region; he also provided financial NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, support to the rebels and encouraged Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf them to attack the firangis (British) HTPB, pp.245-57; BTRB, p.81] and their loyalists; he was caught during the British attacks on Danu Roy: Resident of Dhurnee, Hamirpur, and charged with ëaiding Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- and abetting the rebellion against the Western Provinces (now Uttar Britishí, and sentenced to death with Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he confiscation of his property in 1859; fought the British forces at a number he was executed by hanging of places in Ghazipur during the thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Uprising of 1857; he also offered Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] financial support to rebels and incited them to attack the British Daoolut Khan: Belonged to Banda, the establishments; he was caught by the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 163

Pradesh); he participated in the Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857, and accompanied Pradesh); Thakur; s/o. Thakur the rebels on a number of occasions Mardan Singh; Zamindar; he took in plundering and seizing the British active part in the Uprising against the property/treasury in the Banda area; British rule in 1857; he participated he was killed in 1858 while defending in several armed confrontations with the Banda region from an advancing the British; he was captured by the British army. [Mutiny Records, British during their re-occupation of Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll the Fatehpur region, and accused of Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] ëaiding and abetting the rebellion against the Britishí; sentenced to Darab Singh: Resident of v. Basrichohar, death with confiscation of his p.o. Kuli, distt. Agra, the United property; he was executed by Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). After hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, his joining to the Indian National Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ Army he became Lance-Naik in the Per.Srs.), UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.17] 3rd Guerrilla Regiment. He was deployed on the Burma (Myanmar) Darman Singh: Resident of the Garhwal front to fight against the British-led Division, the United Provinces (now Allied forces where he lost his life in Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the an encounter with enemy in 1944. 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- [INA Papers, F No. 403/INA, NAI; Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty ROH, pp. 680-681 WWIM, II, p.70] to the Indian National Army in 1942 and served it as Sepoy in the Ist Dariao Singh: Resident of Jhansi State Guerrilla Regiment; he fought (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the against the British forces at several rebel forces in Jhansi in 1857 and places in Burma (now Myanmar); he fought under the leadership of Rani was killed during an enemy attack Lakshmi Bai for driving the British on his camp at Trawang in 1944. away from Jhansi and the [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/ surrounding areas; also took part in INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.71] defending the Jhansi fort from attacks of the British re-occupying forces in Daroga Singh: Born in v. Gahmar, distt. June 1858; during the fighting he was Ghazipur, the United Provinces (now captured by the enemy, charged with Uttar Pradesh); s/o Chandrama ëmurder and rebellioní and Singh; Farmer. He took part in the sentenced to death in 1859 [Mutiny ìQuit Indiaî movement demonstra- Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, 1859, tion at his village organized on UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) 10August 1942. When the procession (1858), MSAB] was fired upon by the British police he was struck by the bullets and died Dariyao Singh,: Born in 1795 at Khaga, there on the same day. [H/Poll, Fattehpore [Fatehpur], the North- F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.77] 164 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Daroo Singh: Resident of Shahgunj, bullet wounds in the police firing Agra, the North-Western Provinces while attending a protest rally at (now Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was Auraiya on 12 August 1942 during a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the the ìQuit Indiaî movement. He died Contingent Guards of the Agra on the spot due to those injuries. [H/ Central Prison; he left the British Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, employment during the Uprising of p.77] 1857 and joined hands with the rebels of the Agra region; he fought the Darshun: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar British troops at several places in the Pradesh; he joined hands with the Agra-Mathura area; he was killed by rebel forces soon after the outbreak the advancing British army in the of the 1857 Uprising; along with his course of its attacks on the rebels in fellow rebels, he marched towards 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Delhi while fighting against the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 British forces; he escaped to his (IX) (1858), MSAB] region after the British reoccupation of Delhi in September 1857; he died Darshan Lal: Born in 1912 in v. Piparpur, in 1858 while confronting the distt. Etawah, the United Provinces advancing British army in the (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Bala Din, a Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ Tailor. He was killed in the police Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), firing while taking part in a UPSAL] procession organized during the ìQuit Indiaî movement at Auraiya Darwan Singh: Hailed from v. Kapkot, on 12 August 1942. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/ distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the 30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.77] United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); enrolled in the 4/3rd Darshan Lal: Born in 1912 in v. Pirpur, Guerrilla Regiment of the Indian distt. Etawah, the United Provinces National Army as a Sepoy; deputed (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Baldin. A to the battle fields in Burma (now tailor by profession, he actively Myanmar) to confront the British participated in the ìQuit Indiaî forces, he died in action in Burma in movement in 1942. He was killed in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, the police firing while taking part in 498/INA (1945), 379/INA (1946); a protest rally on 12 August 1942 in NAI; WWIM, II, p.71; EBIFF, I, p. Auraiya village. [H/poll, F.No. 3/ 175] 30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 103] Darya Khan: Resident of Humeerpoor Darshan Singh: Resident of v. Piparpur, [Hamirpur], the North-Western distt. Etawah, the United Provinces Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Parag Dutt; took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Farmer; educated up to fourth fought against the British in the standard in school. He received fatal Hamirpur region; he also provided Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 165

arms to the local people and incited a number of them, including Dattu, them to fight against the British; he were seriously injured in the firing was caught during an engagement on 16 September 1944 and died two with the British army, and charged daysí later. [Sujas, No 4, June-July, with ëmurder and the rebellion 1998, Jaipur, p.85; Judl Records, against the Britishí; he was sentenced Jaipur, F.No. 5525, Part II, 1939; to death in 1859 and executed by Jaipur Rvnu Records, Jaipur (R-2 hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Settlement), F.No. 14, 1944, RSAB; Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, SKAI, p.198] UPRAA] Daud Khan: Resident of the North- Dasrauth Roy: Resident of Dhurnee, Western Provinces (now Uttar Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- Pradesh); he took part in the Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857 and also supplied Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he arms to his neighbourhood for fought the British forces at several fighting against the British places in Ghazipur during the authorities; he proceeded to Delhi, Uprising of 1857; he also supported joined the rebel army there, and the rebels financially to buy arms and participated in different engage- attack the British officials; he was ments with the British; he was killed caught by the British forces after their during an encounter with the re-occupation of the Ghazipur region, advancing British forces in Delhi in and executed by hanging in 1859. 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) Basta, UPRAA] (1858), MSAB]

Dattu: Resident of v. Pacheri, Shekhawati Daulat Khan: Resident of Puthra, (now distt. Junjhunu), Jaipur State Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- (now distt. and capital of Rajasthan Western Provinces (now Uttar State); Khati (Carpenter). He took Pradesh); he participated in the part in the antiñThikanadar movement Uprising of 1857 and fought against in 1944 led by Pandit Tarkeshwar the British forces at several places in Sharma, Vidyadhar, Netram, the Hamirpur region; he was Chaudhary Bhudharam, etc. (who captured during the British re- were also associated with the Jaipur occupation of Hamirpur, and charged Rajya Praja Mandal movement) and with ëplundering and rebellion decided not to pay the Lag-Bags or against the Britishí, he was sentenced cesses, such as Khuntabandi and Pan- to death with confiscation of his charai which the Thikanadars of property in 1859 and hanged soon Pacheri were forcibly collecting from thereafter. [Mutiny Records, the tenants. When, on their refusal Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] to pay, the Thikanadarís men fired upon the demonstrators in Pacheri, Daulat Rajput: Resident of Saugor (now 166 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Sagar), the Central Province and (under Hugh Rose) on Jhansi in the Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); he course of the fighting he was organised a small band of anti-British captured, charged with ëadding and rebels at the height of the 1857 abetting war against the Britishí, and Uprising; he led his associates in a executed by hanging in 1862. [Mutiny series of attacks on the British troops Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, stationed in Bushari village of UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Saugor; in this process of attacks and (1858), MSAB] counter-attacks he was captured by the enemy and executed in July 1857. Dawlat: Belonged to Banda, the North- [Mutiny Papers, VI, NAIB; Poll Western Provinces (now Uttar Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB; Pradesh); he participated in the WWIM, III, p.32] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British troops at several places in Daulat Singh: Hailed from Hosangabad, Banda; he was captured during the Central Province and Berar (now British operation in Banda, charged Madhya Pradesh); with outbreak of with ëmurder and rebellion against Uprising in northern India in 1857 he the Britishí; sentenced to death in organised an armed rebel force in August 1858, he was executed by Hosangabad and joined the fighting hanging; his property was also against the British; his force pushed confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda the British army from Nimar to Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Harda in October 1857, and reached Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] Handia; he confronted the British reinforcement under Major Orr at Daya Ram: Resident of Humeerpoor Piplia on 28 October 1857; in the [Hamirpur], the North-Western battle that ensued there, Daulat Singh Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he not only lost most of his soldiers, but took part in the Uprising of 1857 and he himself fell into the British hands, fought against the British in the leading to his execution by hanging. Hamirpur region; he also provided [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Poll arms to the local people and incited Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB; them to fight against the British; he WWIM, III, p.32] was caught during an encounter with the British army, and charged with Daulat Singh: Resident of Jhansi State, ëmurder and the rebellion against the Bundelkhand Agency, the Central Britishí; he was sentenced to death India (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in 1859 and executed by hanging in the Uprising of 1857 against the soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, British in Jhansi; under the leadership Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] of Rani Lakshmi Bai he participated in the destruction of the British Daya Ram: Resident of Jammu City, Residency at Jhansi; later in 1858 he distt. Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; fought against the British offensive s/o Lala Jagat Ram. He actively Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 167

participated in a demonstration Dayal: Born in 1914 in v. Saidabad, distt. demanding food at cheaper rates Allahabad, the United Provinces (Roti Agitation) on 23 September 1943 (now Uttar Pradesh); Farmer. He in Jammu. He was killed on the spot joined the farmersí procession to when State Police fired upon the Allahabad city on 2 August 1942 demonstrators. [File No. V, 8; during the ìQuit Indiaî movement MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp. to protest the Government policy 442-45; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.179; WWIM, towards the peasantry. He received II, p.73] fatal bullet wounds in the police firing on the procession and died of Daya: Born in Allahabad, the North- these on the same day. [H/Poll, Western Provinces (now Uttar F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.77; Pradesh); he took part in the BCA, p. 104] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British forces at various places in Dayal: Resident of Allahabad, the North- the Allahabad-Fatehpur region; he Western Provinces (now Uttar also incited the local people to rise Pradesh); he took part in the against the British and overthrow Uprising of 1857 and also incited the their exploitative rule; he was caught local people to take to arms against by the British during an engagement the British; he was caught by the in Allahabad and executed by British troops during their attacks on hanging in 1857. [Mutiny Records, the Allahabad region, and charged Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, with ësedition and rebellion against Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] the Britishí; and sentenced to death with confiscation of property in 1859; Dayal Singh: Resident of Senapur, Kobhi he was executed by hanging in 1860. Taluqa, Jownpore [Jaunpur], the [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper North-Western Provinces (now Uttar No.1] Pradesh); Thakur; Zamindar; he took a leading part in the Uprising of 1857 Dayal: Resident of Banda, the North- and fought in several engagements Western Provinces (now Uttar with the British troops in the Jaunpur Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he took region; he was captured by the part in attacks on the British officers British during their attacks on the and in capturing the Government Jaunpur rebel forces and charged treasury during the Uprising of 1857; with ëmurder and rebellion against he was caught by the British during the Britishí; he was sentenced to their raids on Banda and sentenced death and executed by hanging from to death in September 1858 on the a tree near a village in Jaunpur in charges of ëplundering the British 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur property and rebellioní; he was Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, executed by hanging, his property pp.32-33] was also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, 168 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) killed in action at Ekabano, Burma (1858), MSAB] (now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA Dayam Ali: Resident of the North- (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.73] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Deb Singh: Resident of v. Bhaimpura, rebels of his area during the Uprising distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the of 1857 and proceeded to Delhi, took United Provinces (now part in the fighting against the British Uttarakhand); originally a Sepoy in in different engagements; he was the 1/3 Gurkha Regiment of the killed by the advancing British forces British-Indian Army, he left it and in the midst of an encounter in 1857. joined the Indian National Army in [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; 1942 as a soldier in the 3/1 Guerrilla Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), Regiment; fought against the British MSAB] forces on the Burma (now Myanmar) front; he died in an encounter with Deawa Das Prugwal: Resident of the enemy in 1944. [INA Papers, Allahabad, the North-Western F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, II, participated in the Uprising of 1857 p.73; EBIFF, I, p. 180] and fought against the British forces in the Allahabad region; he also took Debe Chand: Resident of Katra, part in plundering the British Allahabad, the North-Western properties, and incited the local Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he people to overthrow the British rule; joined the rebels of his locality during he was caught by the British troops the Uprising of 1857 and fought during their raids on Allahabad, and against the British in the Allahabad charged with ëharbouring and aiding region; he also took part in seizing in the escape of rebels and keeping the British wealth and use it for stolen propertyí, he was sentenced buying arms; he was caught by the to death in July 1857 and executed British in the course of their marches by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, in Allahabad, and hanged from a tree Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.205] in 1857 on the charges of ëlooting and rebellion against the Britishí. [Mutiny Deb Singh: Hailed from the Garhwal Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Division, the United Provinces (now UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Uttarakhand); earlier he was a (1858), MSAB] Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British-Indian Debe Dayal: Resident of Lucknow, the Army but left the British service to Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar join the Indian National Army in Pradesh); he took part in the fighting 1942, and served it as Section Officer against the British during the in the Ist Guerrilla Regiment; he was Uprising of 1857, and also Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 169

encouraged others in resisting the Debeechurunn Singh: Resident of British rule; he was killed by the Bairathee, Azimgurh [Azamgarh], British army in an encounter at the North-Western Provinces (now Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in Uttar Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he November 1857. [Mutiny Records, fought the British forces at several Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. places in Azamgarh during the Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Uprising of 1857; he also offered financial support to others for buying Debee Sumbr: Resident of Banda, the arms and to attack the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar establishments; he was caught by the Pradesh); he fought against the British forces after their re- British and their loyalists during the occupation of the Azamgarh region, Uprising of 1857; he also incited his and executed by hanging in 1859. neighbours to raise their arms against [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi the British authorities; caught by the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, British at the time of their raids on Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] the Banda region and charged with ësedition, plundering and rebellioní, Debeedeen: Belonged to Banda, the he was sentenced to death in August North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1858 and executed by hanging. Pradesh); he participated in the [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought against Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 the British forces in the Banda region; (IX) (1858), MSAB] he was caught during an engagement with the British troops in Banda, and Debee: Born in Allahabad, the North- charged with ëmurder and rebellion Western Provinces (now Uttar against the Britishí; he was sentenced Pradesh); he was a bearer in the to death with confiscation of property service of a British officer in in May 1858 and executed by Allahabad, but left it to join hands hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda with the rebels during the Uprising Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, of 1857; he accompanied the rebel Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] force in attacking and plundering the British properties; he was captured Debeedeen: Resident of Gonda, the by the British troops in the course of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar an encounter, and charged with Pradesh); Koaree [Koeri]; he joined ëplundering the Government hands with the rebel forces during property and taking part in the the Uprising of 1857, and fought the rebellioní; he was sentenced to death British on several occasions; caught in June 1857 with confiscation of his by the British army during an property; he was executed by engagement, he was accused of hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny ëplundering the British property and Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, rebellion against the Britishí; he was UPRAA; TIM, p.217] sentenced to death and hanged in 170 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, position in Fatehpur in 1857, and Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. executed by hanging. [Mutiny Srs.), UPRAA] Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Debeesh: Born in Etah, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Debi Singh: Resident of v. Achhroo, Pradesh); Tailor; he took part in the Muttra [Mathura], the North- fight against the British during the Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857; he also offered Pradesh); Farmer; he joined hands financial support to the rebels of his with the rebels forces in their fight area for buying arms and attacking against the British during the the British establishments; he was Uprising of 1857; he was captured by captured after the British re- the British troops in the course of an occupation of this area and charged encounter in Mathura, and charged with ëplundering the Government with ëplundering and rebellion property and rebellion against the against the Britishí; he was sentenced Britishí; he was sentenced to death to death in 1858 and executed by and executed by hanging in 1861. hanging. [Mutiny Records, Mathura [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) p.35] (1858), MSAB] Dedla Ram: Born in v. Panchiro, Debi Baksh: Resident of Etawah, the Bharatpur State (now distt. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Bharatpur), Rajputana Agency (now Pradesh); he took part in the Rajasthan); he was formerly a Sepoy Uprising of 1857, and fought against in the 1/8 Punjab Regiment of the the British forces at several places,; British-Indian Army; motivated by he also offered financial support to patriotism, he shifted his loyalty to the rebellious local people and the Indian National Army in 1942 and encouraged them to attack and kill fought against the Allied Forces in the British; he died while resisting different battlegrounds of the South- the advancing British army in Etawah East Asian countries; died fighting in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Etawah his enemies in 1944. [INA Papers, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] F.Nos.1,2,5,12,/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.74] Debi Chand: Belonged to Futtehpore [Fatehpur], the North-Western Deeba: Belonged to the Oudh [Awadh] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Province (now Uttar Pradesh]; joined took part in the Uprising of 1857, and the anti-British forces and took active also encouraged his neighbours to part in fighting against the British fight against the British; he was during the 1857 Uprising; he also captured by the British troops during incited others to join the fight against their offensive against the rebel the British and plunder their Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 171

properties; he was caught by the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] British troops at the time of their raids on the Jaunpur area and Deen Bux: Resident of Banda, the North- charged with ësedition, murder and Western Provinces (now Uttar rebellioní; he was sentenced to death Pradesh); he participated in the and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Uprising of 1857 and fought against Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- the British forces at several places in 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.37] the Banda region; he was captured during the British re-occupation of Deeldar Khan: Resident of Mynpoory Banda, and charged with ëplundering [Mainpuri], the North-Western and rebellion against the Britishí, he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); was sentenced to death in August Pathan; he was a Sepoy in the B. 1858 and hanged soon thereafter. Company of the British-Indian army; [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny he stopped serving the British during Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands (IX) (1858), MSAB] with the rebels to fight against the British rule; he was caught in 1858 Deen Dayal: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar while confronting the British forces, Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces and sentenced to death on the soon after the outbreak of the 1857 charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Uprising; along with his fellows, he against the British authoritiesí. marched towards Delhi while [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny fighting against the British forces; he Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP escaped to his region after the British (1858-59), UPSAL] reoccupation of Delhi in September 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting Deen allee: Resident of Banda, the the advancing British army in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ Pradesh); Sheikh; he led a group of Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), rebels during the Uprising of 1857 UPSAL] and fought the British forces at various places in Banda; he also Deena: Belonged to Banda, the North- incited the local inhabitants to raise Western Provinces (now Uttar their arms and kill the British; he was Pradesh); he took part in the fighting caught by the British troops in one against the British forces in the Banda of their attacks on the rebels in Banda; region during the Uprising of 1857; charged with ësedition, murder and he also participated in plundering the instigating the rebellion against the British properties and looting the Britishí, he was sentenced to death Government treasury to meet the in September 1858 with confiscation military expenses of the rebels; he of his property; he was executed by was caught by the British troops hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda during their re-occupation of Banda, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, and charged with ëplundering the 172 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Government property and rebellion Uprising of 1857; he also provided against the Britishí, sentenced to money to the local rebels for buying death with confiscation of property arms and encouraged them to kill the in August 1858; he was executed by goras (British); he was caught in the hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny midst of an engagement with the Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, advancing British troops in Banda, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and charged with ë murder and (1858), MSAB] aiding the rebellion against the Britishí, sentenced to death with Deenanaath: Belonged to Tulhwapar, confiscation of property in May 1858; Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the he was executed by hanging. [Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); Brahmin; he joined hands UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) with the rebels of his area during the (1858), MSAB] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British on several occasions; he Deero Singh: Resident of Moorwa, was caught by the British in the Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- course of an encounter in the Western Provinces (now Uttar Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Pradesh); he joined hands with the 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi rebels of his area during the Uprising Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, of 1857, and fought the British forces Vol. No.51 (VIII) (1858), MSAB] on several occasions; caught by the British in the course of an engage- Deenauh Sahoy: Belonged to ment, he was accused of ëplundering Cheterkonee, Ghazeepoor the British property and rebellion [Ghazipur], the North-Western against the Britishí; he was sentenced Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); to death and hanged in 1860. [Mutiny Thakoor [Thakur]; he fought the Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny British forces at several places in Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; he also offered financial support to Deesa: Belonged to v. Hyderpore, the local rebels for buying arms to Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- attack the British establishments; he Western Provinces (now Uttar was caught by the British after they Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he re-occupied of the Ghazipur region, participated in the Uprising of 1857 and executed by hanging in 1859. and also rallied others around him [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny to march to Delhi and challenge the Basta, UPRAA] British rule; he was caught by the British after the defeat of the rebel Deendial: Resident of Banda, the North- forces and charged with ësedition and Western Provinces (now Uttar plundering the Government property Pradesh); he took part in the fighting during the rebellioní; he was against the British during the sentenced to death in 1859 and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 173

executed by hanging. [Mutiny his land settlement policy of 1923-24. Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, In this settlement the Biswedari rights UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) of the Rajputs were forfeited and the (1858), MSAB] land tax had been increased by fifty per cent. Though all agriculturists Deesah Sahoy: Resident of Ghazeepoor were affected adversely by it, the [Ghazipur], the North-Western Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); the news of this kisan gathering, the Thakoor [Thakur]; he fought the Maharaja sent his State Army to British on several occasions in counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; The troops surrounded the village, he also supported his neighbour- blocked all the exit points from it and hood in fighting the British; he was opened fire on the protesters without caught after the British re-occupation any prior warning of dispersal. Deiya of the Ghazipur region, and executed was hit by bullets in the indiscrimi- by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, nate firing and died on the same day. Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Simultaneously, the village was also set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Deewan Singh: Resident of Bairathee, Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; Azimgurh [Azamgarh], the North- TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Western Provinces (now Uttar Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he fought F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, the British forces at several places in RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Azamgarh during the Uprising of F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] 1857; he offered financial support to the rebels of his area for buying arms Demo Bai: Resident of v. Bhilwa, distt. and attacking the British Seoni under Jubbulpore [Jabalpur] establishments; he was caught by the administrative division, Central British army after their reoccupation Provinces and Berar (now Madhya of the Azamgarh region, and Pradesh); w/o Jhattu Bhoi; Gond. executed by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Involved in the Forest Satyagraha Records, NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, (Civil Disobedience movment) in UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Seoni district, she was present when (1858), MSAB] a raiding police party had been surrounded by more than 4,000 Deiya: Belonged to teh. Thanaghazi, agitators at Turia village on 9 October Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the 1930. In panic the police party opened Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); indiscriminate firing, resulting in the Kumar [Kumhar] (potter); took part death of 3, including Demo Bai. [H/ in a meeting of the kisan agitators Poll, F.Nos.23/54/1930; 23/58/1930; held at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 (FR) 10/1930, NAI; FFMPC, I, p.631] to remonstrate against the Maharajaís mal-administration and Denu Shah: Born in Furruckabad 174 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

[Farrukhabad], the North-Western Deochurun: Resident of Banda, the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar was a Sepoy in the British-Indian Pradesh); he participated in the Army, but left the service during the Uprising of 1857 and fought against outbreak of 1857 Uprising, and the British forces at various places in fought at various places against the the Banda region; he also incited the British; he was caught by the British local people to take to arms against troops during an engagement and the firangis (British) and their loyalists; executed by hanging on 9 July 1858. he was caught by the British troops [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl advancing towards Banda, and Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] charged with ësedition and rebellion against the Britishí; sentenced to Denu Singh: Resident of Furruckabad death with confiscation of property [Farrukhabad], the North-Western in July 1858, he was executed by Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Ganesh Singh; Rajput; he was a Sepoy Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, in the 23rd Regiment of the British- UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) Indian army, posted for some time (1858), MSAB] at Tirhut, Bihar; he left the British service during the Uprising of 1857 Deojeet: Resident of Ghoor ke Mandee, and took part in the fighting the Agra, the North-Western Provinces British forces in the Farrukhabad (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he region; he was caught by the British was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with troops in the course of an armed the Contingent Guards of the Agra encounter and executed by hanging Central Prison; he left the British in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. service during the Uprising of 1857 (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), and joined hands with the rebels of UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.32] the Agra region; he took part in several engagements against the Denu Singh: Resident of Madhopur, British in the Agra-Mathura area; he Mohamadabad, Farookhabad died in the British attacks on the [Farrukhabad], the North-Western rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Ganesh Singh; Rajput; he was under Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] the service of the 23rd Regiment Native Infantry of the British army Deojeet: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] but left the service and joined the Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); Uprising of 1857; he was caught by Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy the British and charged with in the A. Company of the British- ëdesertion and mutinyí; he was Indian army; he left the British sentenced to death and executed on service during the Uprising of 1857 9 July 1857. [Mutiny Record, fought against the British at several Farrukhabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] places; he died in 1858 while resisting Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 175

the advancing British forces. [Mutiny authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 59), UPSAL] Despat Bundela: Resident of Deoki Sonar: Resident of Bairiya, distt. Chhatarpur, Madhya Pradesh; he Ballia, the United Provinces (now joined the Uprising of 1857 and Uttar Pradesh); s/o Rekhad Sonar. played a leading part in organizing A farmer and a political activist, he the rebel forces in the Bundelkhund took part in the ìQuit Indiaî region; he also fought against the movement of 1942. While participa- British in association with the Rani ting in a protest demonstration that of Jhansi and other rebel leaders; he was fired upon near the Bairiya police was killed by a British agent soon station on 18 August 1942, Deoki after the suppression of the Uprising. Sonar received severe bullet injuries [Mutiny Records, F/ Poll. and died of these on the same day. Consultation no. 75/80 (1868), NAI; [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] RORCG; WWIM, I, p.79; BCA, p. 113] Desraj: Resident of Humeerpoor Deosen: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] [Hamirpur], the North-Western Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he fought against the British in the participated in the Uprising of 1857 Awadh region during the Uprising and fought against the British forces; of 1857; he was caught by the enemy he also offered financial assistance to in the course of an engagement, and his neighbours and incited them to imprisoned on the charge of raise their arms against the firangis ërebellion against the Britishí; he died (British); he was later caught by the in detention in 1858. [Mutiny British army, and convicted on the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) charges of ëaiding and abetting the Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced to life imprisonment with Deota Persaud: Belonged to Agra, the confiscation of property in 1859; he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar died in captivity. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the B. Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Company of the British-Indian army; he left the British employment Dev Dutt: Born in Agra, the North- during the Uprising of 1857 and Western Provinces (now Uttar joined hands with the rebels for Pradesh); he took part in fighting fighting against the British rule; he against the British rule during the was caught in 1858 while resisting the Uprising of 1857, and also incited the British forces, and sentenced to local people to take part in death on the charges of ëdesertion plundering the British properties; and mutiny against the British caught by the British troops in the 176 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

course of an encounter, and accused on 11 December 1931 in the Jabalpur of ëmurder, plundering and rebellion District Jail. [H/Poll, F.Nos.23/54/ against the Britishí, he was sentenced 1930; 23/58/1930, 3/6/42; 3/11/43, to death and executed by hanging in NAI; FFMPC, I, pp.18-19; IR, pp.136- 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny 138] Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] Dev Nath Panday: Resident of v. Khiridih, p.o. Atrauli, ditt. Dev Karan: Belonged to Sehore, Madhya Azamgarh, the United Provinces Pradesh; Chaprasi; with his associates, (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Sunder he joined the rebel forces under Fazil Panday. While a demonstration was Mohammad Kahn of Ambapani and being held on 23 August 1942 in fought against the British forces; connection with the ìQuit Indiaî given away by a British agent after movement at Atrauli, the police the fall of the Rahatgarh fort, he was reached there to stop it, and despite handed over to the British; he was its organisersí offer to disperse after executed by hanging on 25 march holding a peaceful meeting, opended 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. No. II, fire on its participants. A participant, NAIB] Dev Nath Panday was hit by bullets on his chest, fell down and died on Dev Narain: Born in 1913, resident of the spot. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, distt. Balaghat, under Nagpur NAI; SSKS, 27, p. tra; BCA, p. 126] administrative division, the Central Provinces and Berar (now Dev Parikshit: Hailing from Jhansi State Maharashtra State), s/o Bhagwandin. (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the Serving in the Great Indian Peninsula rebellion against the British in Jhansi Railway and having developed a during the Uprising of 1857; he wider perspective of the country and fought against the British troops its people, he was entrenched in the when they struck back in 1858 under revolutionary movement that he the leadership of Sir Hugh Rose; Dev joined as an adolescent. He was arrested and tried for his anti- collaborated with two of his British role; he was executed in 1858. comrades in planning the murder of [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny one British Lieutenant Hacks, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, executing it on board the Punjab Mail No.43B (1859), MSAB] at Dongargaon, distt. Rajnandgaon, on the night of 23 July 1931 and Dev Raj Panday: Hailed from v. absconding thereafter. He was, Khiridih, p.o. Atrauli, ditt. however, arrested for his Azamgarh, the United Provinces involvement in the Punjab Mail (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Sunder Murder Case and detained in Panday. While a demonstration was Khandowa Jail. Tried and being held on 23 August 1942 in condemned to death, he was hanged connection with the ìQuit Indiaî Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 177

movement at Atrauli, the police 1942, arrested twice and put behind reached there to stop it, and despite the bars for his involvement in the its organisersí offer to disperse after movement; he was arrested again holding a peaceful meeting, opened and imprisoned in the Tehri State Jail fire on its participants. One of the on 13 December 1943; he died in the participants, Dev Raj Panday, jail on 25 July 1944. [PCJ Papers, Acc. received severe bullet wounds and No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), succumbed to these after a few days. NAI; SSKS, GD: pp. 1-2; BSAS: p.137] [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 27, 1973, p. tra; WWIM, I, p.262] Deva Din: Resident of Allygurh [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces Dev Sagar Singh: Resident of v. (now uttar pradesh); he took part in Dhannapur, distt. Benaras, the the Uprising of 1857 and also United Provinces (now Uttar encouraged other people to raise Pradesh). He took a leading part in a arms and overthrow the firangi- mob attack on Dhannapur Thana to hukumat (British rule); he moved over avenge the deaths of 3 protesters in to Delhi, joined hands with the rebels the police firing on a rally, held on there and fought the British troops; 16 August 1942 during the ìQuit he was caught by the British after Indiaî movement. Four policemen, their reoccupation of Delhi, and along with Inspector-in-Charge of the charged with ësedition and rebellion police station, were killed by the against the Britishí; he was sentenced attacking mob on the same day. He to death and shot dead in 1857. was arrested and was made an [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt (Delhi accused in that incident. After the Div.), F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] trial for two and a half years, three persons were sentenced to death, Devaki Singh: Resident of v. Jarasai, including Dev Sagar Singh. As Dobhi Taluqa, Jownpore [Jaunpur], accused no. 44, he was hanged in late the North-Western Provinces (now 1944. [H/Poll. 1 No. 3/31/44, NAI; Uttar Pradesh); Zamindar; he joined SSG, 4, pp. 66-67] the rebel forces during the Uprising of 1857 and fought in several Dev Suman: Born on 15 May 1915, v. encounters with the British troops in Jeil, Tehri Garhwal, Garhwal the Jaunpur region; he was captured Division, United Provinces (now by the British in one of their raids on Uttarakhand); s/o Hari Ram Bareini, the rebel forces and charged with took an active part in Salt Satyagraha ëmurder and rebellion against the of 1930; became a member in the Britishí; he was sentenced to death standing committee of Lok Parishad and executed by hanging from a tree in 1936; prolific writer on the socio- near a village in Jaunpur in 1858. political issues of Tehri Garhwal [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny State; participated in the ìQuit Indiaî Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.34] movement in Garhwal division in 178 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Deval Gujar: Belonged to Barar area of movement, he participated in the Bundi State (now distt. Bundi), burning of the Dhanapur police Rajasthan; took part in the peasant station and was arrested in this movement in the Barar region of connection. He was sentenced to Bundi State in 1922 against the death and died on the gallows at atrocities of the Bundi ruler Varanasi in late 1942. [H/poll F.No. (Raghuveer Singh). In the 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.90] neighbouring Bijoliya in Mewar State in the meantime, a peasant movement Deve Din: Resident of Humeerpoor against Begar (forced labour) and [Hamirpur], the North-Western other Jagirdari atrocities had Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he successfully been led by Vijay Singh participated in the Uprising of 1857 Pathik. The Bijoliya movement and fought against the British forces inspired the peasants in the Barar at various places; he also incited the area to stand against Begar, Salami local people to raise their arms (bribes), high rate of rent, and lag- against the firangis (British) and their bags (cesses) and demand a larger loyalists; he was caught by the British batai (share of crops). Deval Gujar, troops at the time of their under the influence of Pandit advancement on Hamirpur, and Nanuram (a popular leader of the charged with ë sedition and rebellion Haroti region), took part in against the Britishí; sentenced to mobilizing the kisans. He travelled death with confiscation of his all over the State for organizing Kisan property in 1859, he was executed by Conferences at Namana, Gararda, hanging. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Dabi and Barundhan villages. On 2 Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] April 1922 when a Kisan Conference was being held at Dabi, Deval Gujar Devee Gontia: Belonged to the Jabalpur with a National flag in his hand and region, Madhya Pradesh; he joined started singing: ëPran Mitro Bhale hi hands with the rebels of his region gawana Par na Jhanda yeh Niche during the Uprising of 1857 and Jhukanaí, a police party under the fought against the British forces; Superintendent of police suddenly caught by the British in the midst of arrived and opened fire on the an engagement, he was executed by gathering. Deval Gujar received hanging on 15 December 1857. severe gun shots and died on the [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt. F. No. spot. [RSSS, pp.70-71; Sujas, No.4, 10 (1858), MPSAB; TFWI, I, p. 144] June-July 1998, Jaipur, pp.64-65; AMR, 1913-1947, p. 132] Devee Pershad: Resident of Banda, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Devasagar Singh: Resident of v.Negura, Pradesh); he took part in the distt. Benaras (Varanasi), the United Uprising of 1857 and fought against Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). As a the British in the Banda region; he saboteur of the ìQuit Indiaî also provided arms to the locally Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 179

aggrieved and incited them to fight by the advancing British army in against the firangis (British); he was Deoria and executed by hanging in caught during an engagement with 1857. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. the British army in Banda, and (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), charged with ëmurder and the UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.35] rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death in June 1858 and Devi Ram: Resident of v. Chandpur, executed by hanging soon thereafter. distt. Ballia, the United Provinces [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Nandu. He Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 took part in a demonstration heading (IX) (1858), MSAB] towards the Bairiya police station on 18 August 1942 during the ìQuit Deveshwar: Belonged to p.o. Nabiganj, Indiaî movement. When the distt. Mainpuri, the United Provinces marchers were approaching the (now Uttar Pradesh). He received Thana, the police opened fire on them. severe lathi blows during the ìQuit Devi Ram received serious bullet Indiaî movement when the wounds in the firing and died of demonstration in which he was these on the spot. [H/poll F.No. 3/ taking part had been lathi-charged 30/42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.90] by the police at Nabiganj. Subsequently, he succumbed to his Devi Ram: Resident of v. Padrauna, injuries. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; Deoria, the North-Western Provinces SSKS, 30, pp. ja& jha] (now Uttar Pradesh); joined hands with the anti-British forces of his Devi Baksh: Belonged to Gonda, the region during the Uprising of 1857; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar he accompanied the rebels in their Pradesh); Raja of Gonda; he took fight and provided them with various part in the Uprising of 1857 and led services; caught by the British troops his small army in battles against the during an encounter, he was British forces on several occasions executed by hanging in 1858 on the from 1857 to the end of 1858; he was charges of ëmurder, plundering and killed while fighting the British in rebellion against the British. [Mutiny 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] UPSAL; WWIM, III, pp.34-35] Devi Singh: Belonged from Jhansi State Devi Rai: Born at Padrauna, Deoria, the (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the anti- North-Western Provinces (now Uttar British rebel forces during the Pradesh; s/o Ishwari Pratap Rai; Uprising of 1857 in defence of Jhansiís Farmer; he joined hands with the self-governance; took part in rebels of his area during the Uprising attacking and killing the British in of 1857 and fought at several places Jhansi; caught in the course of the in the Deoria region; he was caught British raids on the region in April 180 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

1858, tried and sentenced to death district; in the course of fighting he on charges of ërebellion and aiding was defeated, captured, sentenced to the rebellioní; executed in 1859. capital punishment and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Poll Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB; (IX) (1858), MSAB] WWIM, III, p. 35]

Devi Singh: Resident of Jhansee [Jhansi], Devi Singh: Resident of teh. Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. forces in fighting the British during Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now the Uprising of 1857; he also took part Rajasthan); Thakur. He participated in plundering the British properties in the kisan agitatorsí meeting held and passing the proceeds on to the at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to rebels for their utilization; he was remonstrate against the Maharajaís captured and executed in 1859 by the oppressive administration and his British at the time of their land settlement policy of 1923-24. In reoccupation of this area. [Mutiny this settlement the Biswedari rights of Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) the Rajputs were forfeited and the NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] land tax increased by fifty per cent. Though all agriculturists were Devi Singh: Resident of Jhansi State affected adversely by it, the Rajputs (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the suffered the most. Hearing the news Revolt of 1857 against the British of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja dominance over Jhansi; joined the sent his State Army to counter the rebels and also participated in driving rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops out the British from Jhansi; he was surrounded the village, blocked all caught by the British in the course of the escaping routes from it and fighting in April 1858 and charged opened fire on the protesters without with ërebellion against the British any prior warning. With many others, authorityí; sentenced to death, he Devi Singh received bullet wounds was executed soon thereafter. in the indiscriminate firing and died [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny on the spot. Simultaneously with this Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 assault, the village was set on fire by (IX) (1858), MSAB] the State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, Devi Singh: Resident of Seoni, 14 June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Jubbulpore Division, the Central Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 Provinces and Berar (now Madhya November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Pradesh); took a prominent role in Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), spreading the Uprising of 1857 in the NAI] southern part of C.P. and Berar; organised an anti-British rebel force Devi: Resident of Nimar, Malwa region, and challenged the Britishers in Seoni Central India Agency, Indore, (now Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 181

Madhya Pradesh); took part in the serving his sentence in the jail, he Uprising of 1857 at Mandleshwar died of severe police tortures, against the oppressive British policies probably in 1922. [H/poll. F.No. 563/ of public health, forest and land III/1922, NAI; NAI: SSKS, vol. 22, p. revenues. He and his associates tried ja] hard to retain their position in Mandleshwar and Dhar but failed Dewa: Resident of Allahabad, the North- against the superior British forces. Western Provinces (now Uttar Captured and sentenced to Pradesh); he served as Dhobi in the transportation for life, Devi breathed 6th Native Infantry of the British- his last in an overseas jail. [Mutiny Indian army; he left the job to join Papers, Vol. III, NAIB; Poll Deptt, the Uprising of 1857; accompanied Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB; WWIM, the rebels in their marches and III, p.34] rendered his services to them at various places; he was caught by the Devideen: Resident of Raipur, aroused British troops during their raids on by the speech that Hanuman Singh, Allahabad, and charged with Magazine Lashkar in the British ëplundering and taking part in the Army (who assassinated Major rebellioní; sentenced to be hanged till Cidwel at his residence on 18 January death in June 1857; he was executed 1858) delivered before a sepoy soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, PP. audience on the same day; Devideen Further Paper No. 6; TIM, p.218] joined the rebel soldiers in Raipur; involved in killing British army Dewah: Belonged to Budaon [Badaon], officers; with 16 other rebel soldiers, the North-western Provinces (now he was arrested by the British; tried, Uttar Pradesh); Aheer; he joined convicted and sentenced to death; hands with the rebels of his area hanged in Raipur on 22 January 1858. during the Uprising of 1857 and [Parliamentary Papers, (Mutiny) marched towards Delhi while Further Papers, No.4, 1857-58, NAI, fighting against the British forces; he CKI, 1740-1947, p.171] returned to his region after the fall of Delhi in September 1857; he was Devta Din: Resident of v. Karauhuan, caught by the British after their p.o. Kharwaihan, distt. Kheri (now reoccupation of this area and hanged Lakhimpur Kheri), the United on the charges of ëmurder and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o rebellion against the Britishí. [Mutiny Shiv Ratan Lal. He was arrested by Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, the British police and accused of UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) violating prohibitory orders during (1858), MSAB] the Non-Cooperation movement in 1921. In the trial he was awarded two Dewan Ali Mughal: Resident of v. yearsí rigorous imprisonment and a Ghamir Mushalam, distt. Jammu, fine of hundred rupees. While Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Rajab Ali 182 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Mughal. He actively joined the part in the ìQuit Indiaî movement procession taken out at Rajouri on 1 in Nainital in 1942; arrested by the October 1931 during the political colonial authorities for his movement for responsible involvement in activities of sabotage government in Jammu and Kashmir and destruction of public properties; State. He was killed on the same day imprisoned in Bareilly Central Jail, in the State Armyís firing upon the died in detention in 1943. [PCJ procession. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.187; 157 (PA), NAI; SSKS, GD: pp. 1-2; WWIM, II, pp.76-77] BSAS: p.137]

Dewan Singh: Born in 1901 at v. Patti Dewan Singh: Resident of v. Rasulpur, Shail, distt. Almora, Kumaon distt. Bulandshar, the United Division, United Provinces (now Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Uttarakhand); s/o Gulab Singh; left the British-Indian Armyís Hong agriculturalist; participated in the Kong-Singapore Royal Artillery ìQuit Indiaî movement in Almora in service as Naik to join the Indian 1942 against the British; when the National Army. After his induction protest demonstration he took part into the INA, he was placed in the was fired upon by the police, he Intelligence Group as a Section received grave bullet wounds and Officer and was killed in the battle died of these. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. field on the Burma (Myanmar) front 706, F.Nos. 180 (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, fighting the British in 1944. [INA p.97] Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.77] Dewan Singh: Born in v. Saiga, distt. Bulandshahr, the United Provinces Dewan Singh: Resident of v. Siri, distt. (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Musar Tehri-Garhwal, Garhwal Division, Singh. Previously he served the the United Provinces (now Hong Kong-Singapore Royal Uttarakhand); s/o Makhan Singh; Artillery of the British-Indian Army served as a Sepoy in the 5/8 Punjab as Naik. Later, he voluntarily joined Regiment of the British-Indian Army; the Indian National Army as a left it and joined the Indian National havildar [hawaldar] in its Intelligence Army in 1942 in Malaya as Lance- Group. On his deployment in Burma Naik in its 4th Guerrilla Regiment, (Myanmar), he fought against the while advancing towards India, his British forces and died there in the regiment came under British air battle field in 1944. [INA Papers, F. attack near Mandalay (in Myanmar), No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.77] he was killed in this raid. [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA Dewan Singh: Resident of Pahar Kota, (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, Nainital, Kumaon Division, United II, p.77; EBIFF, I, p. 187] Provinces (now Uttarakhand); took Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 183

Deya Persad: Resident of Katra, Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA Allahabad, North-Western Provinces (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.78] (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his locality during Dhamsingh Dukhel: Resident of Banda, the Uprising of 1857 and fought the North-Western Provinces (now against the British forces in Uttar Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the Allahabad; he also took part in seizing Native Infantry of the British-Indian the British treasury and using its army, left it and joined hands with contents for buying arms; he was the rebels during the Uprising of caught by the British troops at the 1857; he fought against the British time of their raids on Allahabad, and forces at various places in the Banda charged with ëlooting and rebellion region, and incited the people to raise against the Britishí; he was executed their arms to end the firangi-hukumat by hanging from a tree in 1857. (British rule); he was captured during [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny an engagement with the advancing Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, British troops in Banda, and charged No.43B (1859), MSAB] with ëdesertion and murder of Europeans during the rebellioní; he Dhairoraj: Resident of Ghazeepoor was sentenced to death in July 1858 [Ghazipur], the North-Western and executed by hanging. [Mutiny Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, fought the British at several places UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) in Ghazipur during the Uprising of (1858), MSAB] 1857; he also offered financial support to the neighbourhood for buying Dhan Bahadur Gurung: Born in v. arms and attacking the British; he was Fattulian, Dehra Dun, the United caught by the British after their re- Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was occupation of the Ghazipur region, a Soldier in the 2/2 Garhwal Rifles and executed by hanging in 1859. of the British-Indian Army; he [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny shifted his loyalty to the Indian Basta, UPRAA] National Army in 1942 and served it as Naik in the 2nd Guerrilla Regiment; Dham Singh: Resident of the Garhwal while fighting against the Allied Division, the United Provinces (now forces in Burma (now Myanmar) he Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the was killed on the battle front in 1944. 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/ Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.111] to the Indian National Army in 1942 and served it as Sepoy in the Ist Dhan Singh: Resident of v. Jamilian, Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the against the Allied forces at Mitha United Provinces (now Haka, Burma (now Myanmar) he was Uttarakhand); formerly serving in killed in the battle field in 1944. [INA the British-Indian Army, he shifted 184 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

his loyalty to the Indian National Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He Army in Malaya in 1942 and served participated in the kisan agitatorsí it as Havildar in the 3/1 Guerrilla meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 Regiment, fought against the British- May 1925 to demonstrate against the led Allied forces in various battle Maharajaís oppressive administration fields and died in the course of and his land settlement policy of fighting in 1944. [INA Papers, 1923-24. In this settlement the F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, II, forfeited and the land revenue p.78-79; EBIFF, I, p.189] increased by fifty per cent. Though all agriculturists were affected Dhan Singh: Resident of v. Loharkhet, adversely by it, the Rajputs suffered distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, the the most. Hearing the news of the United Provinces (now kisan gathering, the Maharaja sent his Uttarakhand); recruited in the Indian State Army to counter the rallyists National Army in 1942 and served at Neemuchana. The troops as a Sepoy in its 3/1 Guerrilla surrounded the village, blocked all Regiment; while fighting the British the exit routes from it and opened on the war front he laid down his fire on the protesters without any life in action. [INA Papers, prior warning. Dhan Singh was F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), seriously injured in the indiscrimi- 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, II, nate firing and died. Simultaneously, p.78; EBIFF, I, p.189] the village was also set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315- Dhan Singh: Hailed from v. Patti Mala J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 Danpur, distt. Almora, Kumaon June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Division, the United Provinces (now Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 Uttarakhand); served as a Sepoy in November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, 4/14 Hyderabad Regiment of the Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), British-Indian Army; abandoned it to NAI] join the Indian National Army in 1942 which he served as Sepoy in the 1st Dhani Chand: Born and brought-up in Guerilla Regiment; fought against the Jamilian, distt. Almora, Kumaon British-led Allied forces on the Burma Division, the United Provinces (now [Myanmar] front and lost his life in Uttarakhand); he voluntarily joined the battlefield. [INA Papers, the Indian National Army in 1942 in F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), Malaya and was posted in the 1st 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, II, Guerilla Regiment as a Sepoy; while p.78; EBIFF, I, p.189] confronting the British-led Allied forces, he was killed in action in 1945. Dhan Singh: Resident of teh. [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/ Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. INA (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now WWIM, II, p.80; EBIFF, I, p. 190] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 185

Dhankuji: Resident of Gwalior State the States to lay siege on Mangarh (now Madhya Pradesh); Thakur; hill and disperse the gathering. On organized the rebel troops and 17 November 1913 the combined played a leading role in the Uprising troops attacked the Bhil position and of 1857 against the British forces in the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai Jhansi; while en-countering the Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did British attempts at re-occupying not give up till many of them were Jhansi in 1858, he was caught by the injured, 900 captured and 25, enemy; sentenced to death on including Dhanna, killed. The charges of ërebellion against the incident did awaken the tribesmen Britishí, he was executed in 1858. so much that Motilal Tejawat had not [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny found it difficult to mobilise them in Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 1921-22 against forced labour and (IX) (1858), MSAB] high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March Dhanna: Resident of Banswara State 1914; Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; (now distt. Banswara), Rajputana BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 Agency (now Rajasthan); took part (referred in connection with the in the Bhagat Bhil movement in incident)] southern Rajasthan that Govindgiri started in 1907, preaching Dhansingh: Resident of Patan, Madhya monotheism among the Bhils and Pradesh; he took part in the Uprising Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara of 1857 and fought the British forces States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- in the Patan region; he was caught religious endeavour changed into a by the British forces during their politico-economic movement, against raids on the rebel camps and was the extraction of Begar (forced labour) executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny and exploitation of the Bhils by the Papers, Vol. No. II, NAIB] petty officials of the Dungarpur and Banswara States and Sunth (a small Dharam Raj Singh: Belonged to state in Gujarat). Dhanna was one Ramgarh, the North-Western among those thousands of Bhagat Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Bhils who joined this movement and joined hands with the rebels in their warned the Dungarpur and fighting against the British during the Banswara rulers in the first week of Uprising of 1857, and faced the November 1913, either to remove the British forces at several places in the main grievance of the Bhils or to face Amorha state (now in distt. Basti); the overthrowing of the Statesí he was caught by the British troops authority to oppress and ill-treat at the time of their attacks on them. The militancy of the Bhils and Amorha, and executed by hanging their gathering in Mangarh hill so from a ëPipal Treeí in 1858. [Mutiny unnerved the British that they sent Records, Monument of Chhawani, their own troops along with those of cited in LL1857, pp.20-26] 186 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Dharam Raj Singh: Resident of Basti, the Chhatarpur district in Madhya North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in a public Pradesh); he took part in the meeting at Singpurís Charanpaduka Uprising against the British rule in Maidan on 15 January 1931, to 1857, and fought at different places protest against the highhandedness against the British troops; he was of the Maharaja and Zamindars and caught by the British during their their collection of excessive cesses, offensive on the Basti region, and high taxes and irregular exactions. executed by hanging from a tree in The State invited the Political Agent 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. of Bundelkhand (Fisher) and his 25 (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), Malwa Bhil Corps to join the State UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.35] Police under the Dewan of Chhatarpur State for dispersing the Dharam Singh: Born in v. Deoli, p.o. gathering. Following some verbal Merakhur, distt. Agra, the United exchanges and jostling with the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). After protestors at the venue, the Political his joining to the Indian National Agent asked the forces to teach the Army he became Lance-Naik in the peasants a lesson. Consequently the 3rd Guerrilla Regiment. He was forces lathi-charged and fired 40 deployed on the Burma (Myanmar) rounds of bullets on the protestors; front to fight against the British-led Dharamdas was shot and died of his Allied forces where he lost his life in bullet wounds. [H/Poll, F.No. 18- an encounter with the enemy in 1944. XII/30, F. No. 18/31, F. No. 22/31, [INA Papers, F.No.1/INA, NAI; NAI; F/Poll; F.No. 230-P (Secret)/ ROH, pp. 680-681 WWIM, II, p.80] 1931, NAI; MPSGCD, pp. 55-57; MPMAKLA, pp. 199-2005] Dharam Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Dharamdev Misr: Resident of v. Uttarakhand); earlier he was a Soldier Summanthai, distt. Ballia, the United in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o British-Indian Army but shifted his Gokul Misr. A 12 years old, he joined loyalty to the Indian National Army the demonstration marching towards in 1942, and served it as Sepoy in the Bairiya Police Station at the height Ist Guerrilla Regiment; he fought the of the ìQuit Indiaî movement at the British forces on several occasions in age of 12. When the demonstrators Burma (now Myanmar) and was were fired upon by the police, killed in action at Trawang in 1944. Dharamdev received fatal bullet [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/ wounds and died on the spot on 18 INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.81] August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/ 42, NAI; BCA, p. 113] Dharamdas: Hailed from v. of Khirwa, teh. Laundi, Chattarpur State, Dharikshad Rai: Born in v. Amwa Khas, Bundelkhand Agency (now p.o. Karwatahi, distt. Deoria, Uttar Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 187

Pradesh; s/o Devi Sharan Rai. He movement. He was killed in a police was killed in the police firing while firing at Ballia in August 1942 while taking part in an agitation in Deoria participating in a stormy demonstra- in 1942 during the ìQuit Indiaî tion. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; movement. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, RORCG; WWIM, I, p.100] NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. 25, 26 & kha] Dhian Singh: Hailed from v. Tendukhera, Gaddawara, distt. Dharma Nath Tewari: Resident of v. Narshingpur, Nerbudda Division, Summanthai, distt. Ballia, the United the Central Provinces and Berar (now Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Madhya Pradesh); s/o Bishram took part in a demonstration going Singh; chief of Gond tribes of towards Bairiya Police Station Madanpur; previously he fought during the ìQuit Indiaî movement. against the British expansion in the The demonstrators were fired upon Bundela region in 1842, lost and was by the police and Dharma Nath deprived of his traditional rights; Tewari received severe bullet taking advantage of the outbreak of wounds in the firing. He succumbed 1857 and its effects on the Central to these on the spot on 18 August India, Dhyan Singh organised an anti- 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; British rebel force, re-occupied RORCG; WWIM, I, p.359; BCA, p. 113] Deori, Chawarpatha and Tendukhera from the British in 1857 and Dhedoo: Resident of Jhansee [Jhansi], challenged the authorities in the Bhil- Uttar Pradesh; he fought against the inhabited areas by using guerilla British during the Uprising of 1857; tactics; he was captured during an he also participated in attacking and engagement with Captain Terman- plundering the British establish- led British troops; executed by ments; he was caught by the British hanging from a mango tree in May at the time of their re-occupation of 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; this area; charged with ëplundering, WWIM, III, p. 36] murder and rebellion against the Britishí, he was sentenced to trans- Dhillanshah Gond: Resident of portation for life with confiscation of Madanpur, Narsinghpur, Madhya his property in 1859; he died in Pradesh: he led a group of rebels of detention before his transportation. his area during the Uprising of 1857 [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl and fought the British and the allied Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] forces at several places; he was caught by the British police and Dhela Dusadh: Born in 1910 at v. Neori, executed by hanging on 23 May 1858. distt. Ballia, the United Provinces [Mutiny Records, Narrative of (now Uttar Pradesh). He took part Events, Narsinghpur Collectorate 16- in the anti-British demonstrations 22 November 1858, MPSAB] organized during the ìQuit Indiaî 188 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Dhingoo: Resident of v. Bhula, Sirohi of 1857 and played a leading role in State (now distt. Sirohi), the organizing the rebel forces in his Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); area; he was caught by the British Bhil (tribe). He took part in the no- during an engagement and sentenced rent campaign known as the Ekki to life imprisonment on the charge (unity) movement for securing relief of ëmurder and rebellion against the from the harassment of the State Britishí; he died in captivity in the officials, high rate of land revenue Chunar fort on 18 July 1858. [Mutiny (Hasil), Lag-bags (cesses) and Begar Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. No. 22 (forced labour) in the Bhil-Girassia (1870), MSAB] villages of Valoria, Bhula and Nawawas in the Rohera tehsil of Dhiri Singh: Resident of v. Chulhapali Sirohi State in April-May 1922. On 5 Agra, the North-Western Provinces May 1922, the Sirohi State troops and (now Uttar Pradesh); took a leading the Mewar Bhil Corps suddenly part in aiding and organizing anti- attacked the agitators of the villages British forces during the Uprising of of Valoria, fired upon them, burnt 1857; he led the rebels in attacking their huts, corn and cattle, plundered the British establishments in the Agra their goods and chattels, and, drove region, he was captured on the scene them off to the hills. Dhingo received of action and executed by hanging serious bullet wounds in the firing from a tree in 1857; his landed along with other ten Bhil agitators, property was also confiscated by the and died on the same day. The British. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. Rajasthan Seva Sangh called (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; brutalities and bloodshed by the WWIM, III, p.36] Sirohi and British troops as The Second Bhil Tragedy in the Sirohi Dhoka Singh: Belonged to Western State. [NR, 18 June 1922, RSAB; AMR, Malwa region, Central India Agency, 1913-1947, pp.101-103] Indore, (now Madhya Pradesh); he raised an anti-British local force, Dhinhu: Resident of v. Pakauli, distt. when the wave of the 1857 Rising Deoria, Uttar Pradesh; s/o Jivan Teli. reached the area; he and his troops He participated in a protest march confronted the British troops in a organized during the ìQuit Indiaî number of battlefields in the hope of movement at the Ramlila ground. dealing the British authorities a When the police opened fire on the heavy blow; he died while fighting demonstrating crowd Dhinu died in against British troops at Sitamau. the firing in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/ [Mutiny Papers, Vol. I, NAIB; Poll 30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB; 25, 26 & ka] WWIM, III, p.36]

Dhiraj Singh: Resident of Datia, Mahdya Dholo: Resident of Dungarpur State Pradesh; he took part in the Uprising (now distt. Dungarpur), the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 189

Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); (referred in connection with the took part in the Bhagat Bhil incident)] movement in southern Rajasthan that Govindgiri started in 1907, preaching Dhotal: Resident of Imlea, Rewa, the monotheism among the Bhils and North-Western Provinces (now in Kolis of Dungarpur and Banswara Madhya Pradesh) Bhoonhar; he States. Soon Govindgiriís socio- joined hands with the rebels of his religious endeavour changed into a area during the Uprising of 1857, and politico-economic movement, against fought the British forces on several the extraction of Begar (forced labour) occasions; he was caught by the and exploitation of the Bhils by the British in the course of an petty officials of the Dungarpur and engagement and hanged. [Mutiny Banswara States and Sunth (a small Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny state in Gujarat). Dholo was one Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] among those thousands of Bhagat Bhils who joined this movement and Dhowkhul Khan: Born in Iradutnugger, warned the Dungarpur and Agra, the North-Western Provinces Banswara rulers in the first week of (now Uttar Pradesh); Mulkanah; he November 1913, either to remove the was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the main grievance of the Bhils or to face Contingent Guards of the Agra the overthrowing of the Statesí Central Prison; he gave up the British authority to oppress and ill-treat service during the Uprising of 1857 them. The militancy of the Bhils and and joined the rebels of the Agra area; their gathering in Mangarh hill so he fought the British troops on unnerved the British that they sent several occasions in the Agra- their own troops along with those of Mathura region; he was killed by the the States to lay siege on Mangarh advancing British army at the time hill and disperse the gathering. On of its attacks on the rebels in 1858. 17 November 1913 the combined [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, troops attacked the Bhil position and UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai (1858), MSAB] Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did not give up till many of them were Dhukaldhan: Hailed from Banswara injured, 900 captured and 25, State (now distt. Banswara), including Dholo, killed. The incident Rajasthan; took part in the Bhagat did awaken the tribesmen so much Bhil movement in southern Rajasthan that Motilal Tejawat had not found that Govindgiri started in 1907, it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- preaching monotheism among the 22 against forced labour and high rate Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís (Internal-A), Nos. 8-67, March 1914; socio-religious endeavour changed Nos 18-22, August 1914, NAI; into a politico-economic movement, BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 against the extraction of Begar (forced 190 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

labour) and exploitation of the Bhils Army and fought against the Allied by the petty officials of the forces in Burma. He was killed by Dungarpur and Banswara States and the enemy soldiers during in an Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). encounter on the Burma (Myanmar) Dhukaldhan was one among those front in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.1/ thousands of Bhagat Bhils who INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 676-677 WWIM, joined this movement and warned II, p.81] the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers in the first week of November 1913, Dhum Singh: Resident of the Garhwal either to remove the main grievance Division, the United Provinces (now of the Bhils or to face the Uttarakhand); he was a Naik in the overthrowing of the Statesí authority 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- to oppress and ill-treat them. The Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty militancy of the Bhils and their to the Indian National Army in 1942 gathering in Mangarh hill so and served it as Naik in the Ist unnerved the British that they sent Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting their own troops along with those of against the British forces in Burma the States to lay siege on Mangarh (now Myanmar) he was killed in hill and disperse the gathering. On action at Trawang in 1944. [INA 17 November 1913 the combined Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA troops attacked the Bhil position and (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.81] the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did Dhumeer Singh: Belonged to Jhansee not give up till many of them were [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he joined the injured, 900 captured and 25, rebel forces in fighting against the including Dhukaldhan, killed. The British during 1857 Uprising; he also incident did awaken the tribesmen participated in looting the British so much that Motilal Tejawat had not treasury and passing its proceeds to found it difficult to mobilise them in the rebels for meeting their military 1921-22 against forced labour and expenses; he was arrested by the high rate of land revenue. [F/Poll British army during its re-occupation Proc (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March of the Jhansi region; charged with 1914; Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; ëlooting, murder and rebellion BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 against the Britishí, he was sentenced (referred in connection with the to death in 1859. [Mutiny Records, incident)] Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- 59), UPSAL] Dhum Singh: Belonged to distt. Muzaffarnagar, the United Provinces Dhunee Ram: Belonged to Mundee Syed (now Uttar Pradesh). He was earlier Khan, Agra, the North-Western a Sepoy in the Punjab Regiment of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); the British-Indian Army. He shifted Brahmin; he was under the British his loyalty to the Indian National as one among the Contingent Guards Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 191

of the Agra Central Prison; he 11; TR, 31 May 1925, RSAB] participated in a secret conspiracy to liberate the prisoners during the Dhuniya: Hailed from Jura (near Uprising of 1857, and escaped with Merpur), Udaipur (Mewar) State them while leaving the British (now distt. Udaipur), Rajputana service; he took part in several Agency (now Rajasthan); Bhil. He clashes with the British forces in the joined the Bhil tribal agitation against Agra region; he died in 1858 while the Begar (forced labour), the fighting against the advancing British atrocities of the Jagidars, and the army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny increased land tax, at Merpur, May- Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, June 1922. The Jagirdars of Merpur and No.43B (1859), MSAB] of other neighbouring Jagirs received British military (Mewar Bhil Corps) Dhuni: Hailed from v. Kharipur in help from the Mewar State to Udaipur (Mewar) State, Rajputana suppress the agitators. The soldiers Agency (now Rajasthan). With of Mewar Bhil Corps encircled the thousands of kisans, he actively agitators and opened fire on them. participated in the peasant With others, Dhuniya was also movement in the Bijolia Jagir where severely injured in the firing and died 86 irregular cesses were imposed on on the same day. [NR, 11 June 1922, cultivators by the Thikanedars. The RSAB] exorbitant exactions led the Bijolia peasants in 1905, and again in 1913- Dhunput Rai: Born in Futtehpore 1916, to collectively refuse to cultivate [Fatehpur], the North-Western lands and threatened a mass Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he migration to the neighbouring areas. joined hands rebel forces during the The Bijolia agrarian movement Uprising of 1857 and fought against received a further thrust when it was the British troops at various places linked up with the national in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; he movement by an ex-revolutionary, also participated in plundering the Vijay (Bijoy) Singh ìPathikî, and an British properties; he was killed by official, Manik Lal Verma (who later the British troops in the course of an became the Chief Minister of encounter in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Rajasthan) of Udaipur, and both of Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ whom led a ìno-taxî campaign in Per.Srs.), UPRAA] Bijolia in 1916. Hundreds of peasants, including Dhuni, were arrested, Dhuree: Belonged to Mohanpoora, detained and severely tortured by Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the the Jail authorities in or Central Jail, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Udaipur. Dhuni, Anjaan, Krishan Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands Meena and Shribhagwan could not with the rebels of his area during the bear these inhuman feudal tortures Uprising of 1857 and fought the and died in detention. [BKAI, pp. 100- British forces on several occasions; 192 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

he was caught by the British army in Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy the course of an encounter in the in the B. Company of the British- Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Indian army; he left the British 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi service during the Uprising of 1857 Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, and joined hands with the rebels for Vol. No.53 (X) (1858), MSAB] fighting against the British rule; he was caught in 1858 while resisting the Dhurma: Resident of v. Ramnugur, British forces, and sentenced to Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- death on the charges of ëdesertion Western Provinces (now Uttar and mutiny against the British Pradesh); Jat; he participated in the authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra Uprising of 1857 and also rallied his Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. neighbourhood to march to Delhi to Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] fight against the British; he was caught by the British after the defeat Dhurvarao/Dharma Rao: A famous of the rebel forces and charged with Muria Leader and Talukdar of ësedition and plundering the Lingagiri Talukóan area of fifty Government property during the square miles consisting of ten villages rebellioní; he was sentenced to death in south Bastar, Bastar State (now in in 1858 and executed by hanging. distt. Bastar), and the Central [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Provinces and Berar (now Basta, UPRAA] Chhattisgarh). Encouraged by the news of rebellion against the East Dhurum Singh: Resident of Allygurh India Company in the north, the anti- [Aligarh], the North-Western British Muria leader called upon Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Bhairamdeva, the Bastar ruler, to join participated in the Uprising of 1857 the rising against the British and also incited the local people to authority. He organised three raise their arms for overthrowing the thousand Murias and Telagas and firangi-hukumat (British rule); he attacked the newly set up British marched in to Delhi, joined hands establishment in Bastar. Following with the rebels there and fought the several clashes with the British, the British troops; he was caught by the army of Dhurvarao/Dharma Rao lost British after their reoccupation of the battle on 3 March 1858 to the Delhi, and charged with ësedition and British forces under Charles Elliott. rebellion against the Britishí; he was Captured and sentenced to death, sentenced to death and shot dead in Dhurvaraoís Taluk was confiscated 1857. [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. and passed on to the Bhopalpatanam (Delhi Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Zamindar for the services he rendered to the British Government. Dhurum Singh: Resident of Mynpoory [ROBD of the Raepore District, No [Mainpuri], the North-Western Sl, dated 27th May 1856, Junagarh, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); and Capt. C.I.R. Glasfurd, 1862; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 193

Lieut. Elliot Dept Commissionerís Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Notes, C.1856, cf HTPB, PP.64-66] Uprising of 1857 and fought the British at various places in the Dhyarun: Resident of Banda, the North- Unnao-Kanpur region; he also Western Provinces (now Uttar encouraged the rebels to attack the Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces British establishments and plunder during the Uprising of 1857 and their properties; he was killed fought against the British forces at during an engagement with the various places in the Banda region; British army in Unnao in 1857. he also incited the local people to [Mutiny Records, Unnao Mutiny raise arms and go for killing the goras Basta, UPRAA] (British); he was caught by the British troops at the time of their re- Dila: Born in 1880 at v. Baria Geeth Patti, occupation of the Banda region, and distt. Uttarkashi, Garhwal Division, charged with ësedition, plundering the United Provinces (now and rebellion against the Britishí, Uttarakhand); s/o Dalpati; joined the sentenced to death with confiscation peasantsí movement in the summer of property in May 1858, he was of 1930 against the oppression of the executed by hanging. [Mutiny Tehri Garhwal State and its Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, imposition of heavy taxes on UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) agriculturalists. The authorities (1858), MSAB] arrested, Dila and sentenced him to imprisonment. Subjected to tortures Dial: Belonged to Allahabad, the North- in the Tehri Central Jail, Dila died in Western Provinces (now Uttar detention. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/ Pradesh); he was a Nujeeb [Najib] of 1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, II, jail under the British authorities, but pp.82-83; SSKS, GD: p.2] left it and participated in the Uprising of 1857; he fought against Dildar Khan: Resident of Mayeethan, the British forces at various places in Agra, the North-Western Provinces the Allahabad region and also incited (now Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; he was the people to take to arms against the a Duffadar [Dafadar] with the firanig hukumat; he was caught by the Contingent Guards of the Agra British troops during their raids on Central Prison under the British Allahabad, and convicted on the Government; he left the British charges of ërobbery and rebellion service during the Uprising of 1857 against the Britishí; he was sentenced and joined the rebel forces; he fought to death in July 1857 and executed the British troops at several places; by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, he died in 1858 in a confrontation Further Paper No.1, NAI; TIM, p.204] with the advancing British army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Didar Baksh: Resident of Unnao, the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) North-Western Provinces (now (1858), MSAB] 194 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Diler Khan: Resident of Humeerpoor Army to confront the rallyists at [Hamirpur], the North-Western Neemuchana. The troops Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he surrounded the village, blocked all joined the rebel forces during the the exits from it and opened fire on Uprising of 1857 and fought against the protesters without any prior the British; he also incited the people warning. Many peole received severe to raise their arms against the firangis gun shots in the indiscriminate firing, (British) and overthrow their including Diler Singh, who died on exploitative rule; he was killed at the the spot. Simultaneously, the village time of an engagement with the was also set on fire by the State advancing British troops in 1858; his troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 property was confiscated and handed of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June over to the British supporters. 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November Basta, UPRAA] 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] Diler Khan: Resident of Kotwali, Allahabad, the North-Western Dilleah: Belonged to Allahabad, the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar participated in the Uprising of 1857 Pradesh); Passie (Pasi); he joined the and fought against the British in the fighting against the British during the Allahabad region; he was caught by Uprising of 1857, and also the British troops in the course of an encouraged others to attack the encounter and hanged from a tree in British establishments in Allahabad; 1857. [PP, Further Paper (Mutiny) he was caught by the British at the No.1, NAI] time of their offensive against the rebels in Allahabad, and charged Diler Singh: Resident of teh. Bansoor with ëplundering, murder and [Bansur], Alwar State (now distt. rebellion against the Britishí; he was Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now sentenced to death in July 1857, and Rajasthan); Rajput. He participated in hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny a kisan meeting held at Neemuchana Records, PP, Further Paper No.1, on 14 May 1925 to protest against the NAI; TIM, p.224] Maharajaís misgovernance and his land settlement policy of 1923-24. In Diller Khan: Belonged to Banda, the this settlement the Biswedari rights of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the Rajputs were forfeited and the Pradesh); he participated in the land revenue had been increased by Uprising of 1857, and accompanied fifty per cent. Though all the rebels on various occasions in agriculturists were affected adversely plundering and seizing the British by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. property/treasury in the Banda Hearing the news of this kisan region; he was killed in 1858 while gathering, the Maharaja sent his State defending the Banda region from an Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 195

advancing British army. [Mutiny confronting the British army in an Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, encounter at Bailley Guard, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Lucknow in November 1857. [Mutiny (1858), MSAB] Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Dilsher Khan: Resident of Nimar, (1858), UPSAL] Madhya Pradesh; he led a group of local rebels during the Uprising of Dip Singh: Hailed from v. Kharsi, p.o. 1857 and fought against the British Borunda, Jodhpur State, Rajputana troops at Mandaleshwar; he was Agency (now Rajasthan); he was caught by the advancing British forces formerly a male Nurse attached to in Nimar and charged with ëleading the 16th Field Ambulance of the the rebellion against the Britishí; British-Indian Army; shifted his sentenced to death and executed in loyalty to the Indian National Army 1859. [Mutiny Records, Judl Deptt. in 1942 and he served it as Naik Vol. No. 32 (1859), MSAB; WWIM, Sepoy in the 4th Guerilla Regiment; III, p. 37] he fought against the British-led forces on the Burma (now Myanmar), Diman Barial Singh: Belonged to Jhansi front and died in an encounter there State (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined in 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos.1,2,5,12,/ the rebel forces against the British in INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.83] Jhansi during the Uprising of 1857; took part in the raiding and Dito: Belonged to v. Siawa, Sirohi State plundering the British Residency in (now distt. Sirohi), the Rajputana 1857; while defending Jhansi from the Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o Dhulo; British onslaught in June 1858 led by Girassia (tribe). He took part in the Hugh Rose in June 1858, Diman was Bhil-Girassia revolt of 1922 in the captured and put on trial on the Siyawa, Valoria villages of Sirohi charges of ëmurder and rebellion State against the atrocities of the against the British.í He was Sirohi ruler, his land settlement sentenced to be hanged by the policy, Begar (forced labour) and military court in 1858. [Mutiny cesses. In this settlement the papers, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, 1862, Malgujari had been increased, along UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B with the imposition of fresh taxes. (1859), MSAB] Dito was one among those two to three thousand Bhils who gathered Dina Nath: Resident of Lucknow, the at Siawa village on 4 and 5 April 1922 Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in and decided that they would not give Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the the increased Malgujari, the Begar resistance against the firangi-hukumat (forced labour), and any other cess (British rule) during the Uprising of to the State. Hearing the news of the 1857 and fought the British forces at Bhil gathering, the State Army and different places; he died while 200 soldiers of the Mewar Bhil Corps 196 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

led by Major Richards, reached Siawa villages. ìOn the night of 25th and opened fire on the Bhil on 12 February, the combined forces April 1922 without any prior surrounded the Ulnar hill on which warning. Some of the Bhils could the men of Netanar village [the manage to escape and fled to the hills. rebels] were supposed to be But many others, including Dito, encamped. The movement was well received serious bullet wounds in the executed, and all the aboriginals firing and Dito died on the same day. [tribals] were captured.î Doda Peda Simultaneously with this firing, the was one among those arrested, village was looted and set on fire by charged with ìwaging war against the troops. [NR, 30 April and 18 June the crownî, and tried between 13 1922, RSAB; AMR, 1913-1947, pp.101- March and 28 April 1910 (known as 102] the Jagdalpur trial). He was sentenced to two yearsí rigorous imprisonment, Doa Allee: Hailed from Unnao, the and detained in Bastar Jail. In June North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1910, with other seventy eight rebels, Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Doda Peda was shifted to the Raipur soon after the outbreak of the 1857 Central Jail, where he died (before 7 Uprising; along with his fellows, he November 1910) due to tortures by marched towards Delhi while the jail authorities. [F/Poll fighting against the British forces; he (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, escaped to his region after the British NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, reoccupation of Delhi in September Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting HTPB, pp.245-57; BTRB, p.75] the advancing British army in the Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, Dodhai: Hailed from v. & p.o. Chaura, Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] distt. Gorakhpur, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Doda Peda: Belonged to Dantewara, Samjhawan Bhar. As the people were Bastar State (now in Chhattisgarh); demonstrating during the Non took part in the Adivasi (tribal) Cooperation movement, the British Bhumkal ñ revolt of 1910 in the police of Chauri Chaura thana Jagdalpur area of Bastar against the suddenly opened fire on them, feudal and colonial exploitation, and causing deaths and injuries to many. in the tribesí anxiety for maintaining When they ran out of ammunition their distinct ways of life. On 16 and found the gathering infuriated February 1910, following the direct by the firing, the policemen retreated confrontation (Indrawati-ford battle) and hid themselves inside the police between the rebels and the British station. Some in the crowd sprayed where many on the rebel side died. kerosene oil on the building and set Doda Peda and few others escaped it on fire, killing all the 23 policemen, from the scene and rallied round the inside. Dodhai was accused of taking neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar part in the Chauri Chaura case, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 197

sentenced to death and hanged on 2 Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he July 1923. [H/poll, F.No. 563/III/ joined hands with the rebels of his 1922, NAI; TR, 14 January 1923, area during the Uprising of 1857 and RSAB; SSKS, 36, p. 1 & 10] fought against the British on several occasions; he was caught by the Domushah alias Oojeer: Hailing from British following an encounter in the Hamirpur (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Doorjun Singh; took part in the 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Uprising of 1857 against the British; Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, participated in driving the British No.43B (1859), MSAB] away from Jhansi and its neighbouring areas; in the course of Doodh Nath: Born in 1882 in v. Gahmar, the fighting he was caught by the distt. Ghazipur, the United Provinces British forces and put behind the bars (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Chhedi in the Alipur jail as an under-trial; Koeri; Farmer. He participated in a later, he was sentenced to death in procession on 10 August 1942 that was 1859. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny taken out from his village in Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, connection with the ìQuit Indiaî No.43B (1859), MSAB] movement. He received severe bullet wounds when the police fired upon Donga: Belonged to v. Gothra, Jaipur the procession and he died on the State (now in distt. Sikar), Rajputana same day. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o Hukma; NAI; WWIM, I, p.98] Jat. He took part in a meeting of the kisan agitators held at Kudan in May Doodhan: Born in v. Narahi, distt. Ballia, 1934 to demonstrate against the the United Provinces (now Uttar Jagirdarsí atrocities, high rate of land Pradesh). He was killed in the police tax, and its forcible collection. firing on a demonstration in which Hearing the news of this peasantsí he was taking part during the ìQuit gathering, a Senior Police Officer Indiaî movement in Ballia in 1942. (with a police party) reached there, [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; and ordered for lathi charge to be RORCG; WWIM, II, p.84; BCA, p. 118] followed by firing on the agitators. Many people were injured in this Doodil: Resident of Imlea, Rewa, the unprovoked attack. Donga, with his North-Western Provinces (now in brother Tiku, received serious Madhya Pradesh); Lohar; he joined wounds in the firing and died on the hands with the rebels of his area spot. [Rajasthan, 13 May 1934, RSAB; during the Uprising of 1857, and SKAI, p.118] fought the British forces on several occasions; he was caught by the Doobey Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, British in the course of an Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the engagement, and hanged in 1858. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny 198 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. II, executed by hanging. [Mutiny No.43C (1859), MSAB] Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Doojan: Resident of Saugor (Sagar), (1858), MSAB] Madhya Pradesh; he joined hands with the rebels of his area during the Doolah Ram: Resident of Jalaisur, Muttra Uprising of 1857 and fought against [Mathura], the North-Western the British forces in the Sagar region; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he was caught by the British in the Kaith; he was a Duffadar [Dafadar] in midst of an engagement and hanged the Contingent Guards of the Agra in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt. Central Prison under the British Vol. No. 60 (1859), MSAB] Government; he left the British service during the Uprising of 1857 Doojaul Singh: Resident of Jhansi, Uttar and joined hands with the rebels in Pradesh; he participated in the their fighting against the British rule; Uprising of 1857 and also incited his he fought the British troops at several neighbourhood to take to arms places, and died in 1858 while against the British; he fought the resisting the advancing British army. British forces at several places; he [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, was caught by the British after the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) defeat of the rebel forces in his (1858), MSAB] region, and charged with ëplundering and rebellion against the Doolareh: Resident of Ghazeepoor Britishí; he was sentenced to death [Ghazipur], the North-Western in 1858 and executed by hanging. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he [Mutiny Records, Jhansi (Div.) fought the British forces at several Mutiny Basta, File Sl. No.117, places in Ghazipur during the UPRAA; AG (1859), MPSAB] Uprising of 1857; he was caught at the time of the British re-occupation Dookhee: Resident of Banda, the North- of the Ghazipur region, and executed Western Provinces (now Uttar by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); he took part in the fighting Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] against the British during the Uprising of 1857; he also provided Dooli Singh: Resident of teh. money to the local rebels for buying Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. arms and encouraged them to kill the Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now firangis (British) and their loyalists; Rajasthan); Shekhawat; joined the he was caught by the British troops kisan agitatorsí meeting held at at the time of their advance in Banda Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to and charged with ëmurder and aiding demonstrate against the Maharajaís the rebellion against the Britishí, and oppressive administration and his sentenced to death with confiscation land settlement policy of 1923-24. In of his property in July 1858, he was this settlement the Biswedari rights of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 199

the Rajputs were forfeited and the British-Indian army but left it as soon land tax increased by fifty per cent. as the 1857 Uprising broke out; he Though all agriculturists were joined the rebels and fought against affected adversely by it, the Rajputs the British troops in the Banda region; suffered the most. Hearing the news he also encouraged his counterparts of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja in the British army to come over to sent his State Army to confront the the rebel side and fight the firangis rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops (British); he was caught by the British surrounded the village, blocked all during an engagement and sentenced the exit points from it and opened to death in September 1858 on the fire on the protesters without any charges of ëdesertion, mutiny and prior warning. Dooli Singh was murder during the rebellioní; he was seriously injured in the indiscrimi- executed by hanging. [Mutiny nate firing and died. Simultaneously Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, with this assault, the village was also UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar (1858), MSAB] Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Doorga Purshad: Resident of Benares Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, [Varanasi], Uttar Pradesh; Brahmin; F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, he was a Sepoy in the C. Company RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, under the British-Indian army; he left F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] the British employment during the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Doollah Raee: Born in Bailungunj, Agra, with the rebels to fight against the the North-Western Provinces (now British rule; he died in 1858 while Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a resisting the advancing the British Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the forces. [Mutiny Records, Agra Contingent Guards of the Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Central Prison; he left the British Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] service during the Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebels of the Agra area; Doorga Roy: Belonged to Tulhwapar, he fought the British troops in several Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the battle grounds in the Agra-Mathura North-Western Provinces (now Uttar regions; he was killed by the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined advancing British army during its hands with the rebels of his area attacks on the rebel positions in 1858. during the Uprising of 1857 and [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, fought against the British on several UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) occasions; he was caught by the (1858), MSAB] British following an encounter in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Doorga Persad: Belonged to Banda, the 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] 200 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Doorga Singh: Resident of the North- inhabitants and incited them to attack Western Provinces (now Uttar the British offices; he was caught at Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was the time of a British raid and charged a Sepoy in the B. Company of the with ëaiding and abetting the British-Indian army; he left the rebellion against the Britishí; he was British service during the Uprising sentenced to death in August 1858 of 1857 and joined hands with the and executed by hanging. [Mutiny rebels for fighting against the British Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, rule; he was caught in 1858 while UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) confronting the British forces, and (1858), MSAB] sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny against the Dowlut Ram: Resident of Vuzeerpoora, British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra, the North-Western Provinces Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] was a Sepoy in the A. Company of the British-Indian army; he left the Doorga: Resident of Banda, the North- British service during the Uprising Western Provinces (now Uttar of 1857 and joined hands with the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he rebel forces; he died in 1858 while participated in the Uprising of 1857 resisting the advancing British forces. and fought against the British forces [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny in the Banda region; he also provided Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP financial support to the local rebels (1858-59), UPSAL] and encouraged them to attack the firangis (British) and their loyalists; Dowlut Singh: Resident of Agra, the he was caught during the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar advance in Banda, charged with Pradesh); he was a Burkundauz ëaiding and abetting the rebellion [Barqandaz] in the Contingent Guards against the Britishí, and sentenced to of the Agra Central Prison; he left death with confiscation of his the British employment during the property in July 1858; he was Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebel executed by hanging thereafter. forces of the Agra region; he fought [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny the British in various engagements Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 in the Agra-Mathura area; he died in (VII) (1858), MSAB] the midst of British attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Doorga: Resident of Jhansi, the North- Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Western Provinces (now Uttar Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his area and fought against the British Dowlut: Belonged to Ghazeepoor at various places of Banda during the [Ghazipur], the North-Western 1857 Uprising; he also provided Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he financial support to the local fought the British forces at several Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 201

places in Ghazipur during the during the Uprising of 1857; he also Uprising of 1857; he also offered helped the rebels with arms and financial support to other for buying money, and encouraged them in arms; he was caught after the British attacking and plundering the British re-occupation of the Ghazipur region, establishments; soon after the defeat and executed by hanging in 1859. of the rebels in the Fatehpur region, [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny he was caught by the British troops Basta, UPRAA] and sentenced to death in 1858 on the charges of ëaiding and abetting Drogoo: Resident of Nimar, Madhya the rebellion against the Britishí; he Pradesh; s/o Madar Bux; he fought committed suicide in the jail before against the British forces at several his execution. [Mutiny Records, places in the Nimar region during the Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ Uprising of 1857; he was caught by Per.Srs.), UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.38] the British army in the course of an engagement at Mandleshwar, and Dukee: Hailed from Unnao, the North- executed by hanging in December Western Provinces (now Uttar 1857. [Mutiny Records, Poll. Deptt. Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Vol. No. 60 (1859), MSAB; WWIM, soon after the outbreak of the 1857 III, p. 37] Uprising; along with his comrades, he marched towards Delhi while Dubee Singh: Resident of Jhansi, Uttar fighting against the British forces; he Pradesh; he participated in the escaped to his region after the British Uprising of 1857 and also incited his reoccupation of Delhi in September neighbourhood to raise its arms 1857, he died in 1858 while resisting against the British rule; he fought the the advancing British army in the British forces at several places in the Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi region; he was caught by the Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] British after the defeat of the rebel forces, and charged with ëplundering Dukhanti: Hailed from v. Ratanpur, p.o. and rebellion against the Britishí; he Gauri Bazar, distt. Deoria, Uttar was sentenced to death in 1858 and Pradesh; s/o Jokhan Gaderi. He was executed by hanging. [Mutiny one of those volunteers engaged in Records, Jhansi (Div.) Mutiny Basta, sabotage in connection with the UPRAA; AG (1859), MPSAB] ìQuit Indiaî. When taking part in the destruction of a road bridge over Dubey Pundit Gayadin: Born in 1803 Majhla Nala in Deoria, Dukhanti was at v. Korain, Futtehpore [Fatehpur], fired upon by the police, and died of the North-Western Provinces (now his bullet injuries on the same day in Uttar Pradesh); s/o Pundit Sitaram 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; Dubey; Zamindar; he joined hands RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. 25, 26 & ka, with the rebels of his area and fought Kha] against the British at several places 202 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Dukhi Koeri: Born in v. Khoripur, distt. administration, thousands of them Ballia, the United Provinces (now gathered in Munshiganj for Uttar Pradesh). He received serious demanding their leadersí immediate bullet wounds in the police firing release. When the gathering while participating in a demonstra- appeared to have turned hostile, the tion in Ballia during the ìQuit Indiaî police opened fire on it, killing Dukhi movement. He died of his injuries in on the spot. [H/poll. F.No. 563/III/ August 1942 at the age of 20. [H/Poll. 1922, NAI; SSKS, 8, p. ja; BCA, p. 119] F.No. 3/30/42, SSKS, 2, p.303] Dulal Shah: Born in Humeerpoor Dukhi Ram Katua: Resident of v. [Hamirpur], the North-Western Katuapur, p.o. Mau Nath Bhanjan, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he dist. Azamgarh, the United Provinces joined hands with the rebels during (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Dewan the Uprising of 1857 and fought Katua. When the Congress leaders against the British; he provided were arrested by the colonial financial support to the local rebels administration in the wake of the and also incited the neighbourhood ìQuit Indiaî movement, a protest to raise its arms against the firangis demonstration was organized and it (British) and overthrow their advanced towards Bazar Thana from exploitative rule; he was killed while D.A.V. School at around 11 oíclock fighting the British troops in 1858; his on 14 August 1942. They were lathi- property was confiscated thereafter. charged by the police when they [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny reached near the police station. The Basta, UPRAA] lathi-charge so enraged the marchers that they began to pelt stones on the Dulare Gond: Resident of Nimar, police personnel. When the mob Madhya Pradesh; he participated in seemed uncontrollable, the police the Uprising of 1857 and fought opened fire on them. Dukhi Ram against the British forces on several Katua was hit by a revolver bullet occasions; he was caught and hanged fired by the Deputy Superintendent by the British army in 1858. [Mutiny of Police. He fell down and died on Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. No. 60 the spot. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, (1859), MSAB] NAI; BCA, p. 125; SSKS, 27, p. sha; WWIM, I, p.99] Dularey Lal Tiwari: Born in 1905 in v. Nunara, distt. Fatehpur, the United Dukhi: Resident of distt. Rai Bareli, the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o United Provinces (now Uttar Shiv Narain Tiwari. He first took part Pradesh). The police arrest of the in the Civil Disobedience movement kisan leaders during the Non- of 1930 and later actively joined the Cooperation movement (1921) was agitation against payment of stiff deeply resented by the kisans of the land revenue led by his father. district. Shouting slogans against the Confronted by the police, he along Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 203

with his brother, uncle and other Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar inhabitants of his village had put up Pradesh); joined hands with the rebel a brave resistance against them. forces in fighting against the British When the Tehsildar shot his father during the Uprising of 1857 in the (Shiv Narain Tiwari), resulting in his Lucknow regions; he was captured death, Dularey attacked and killed by the British troops during their him on the spot. He was arrested, reoccupation of the region, and tried for murder and sentenced to imprisoned for life on the charges of death. He died on the gallows in the ërebellion against the Britishí; he died Naini Central Jail (Allahabad) in 1932. in detention. [Mutiny Records, Abst. [H/poll F.No. 33/54/30, NAI; Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), WWIM, I, p.364] UPSAL]

Dulat Singh: Belonged to Etawah, the Dulganjun: Resident of Ghazeepoor North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Ghazipur], the North-Western Pradesh); he joined hands with the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he rebels during the Uprising of 1857, joined the rebels of his area and and fought the British at several fought the British at several places places in Etawah; he also provided in Ghazipur during the Uprising of financial support to the local rebels 1857; he was caught at the time of and encouraged them to destroy the the British re-occupation of the British establishments; he was killed Ghazipur region, and executed by by the advancing British army in the hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Dulgunjisi: Resident of Banda, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Duleep Singh: Resident of Gwalee, Pradesh); he participated in the Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- fighting against the British forces in Western Provinces (now Uttar the Banda region during the Uprising Pradesh); he joined hands with the of 1857; he also participated in rebels of his area during the Uprising plundering the British property and of 1857, and fought the British forces looting the Government treasury to on several occasions; he was caught meet the military expenses of the and accused of ëplundering the British rebels; he was caught by the British property and rebellion against the troops at the time of their advance Britishí; he was sentenced to death in Banda, and charged with in 1860 and hanged soon thereafter. ëplundering the Government [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur property and rebellion against the Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), Britishí; sentenced to death with UPRAA] confiscation of property in May 1858, he was executed by hanging soon Dulela Singh: Resident of Lucknow, the thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda 204 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [Ghazipur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Duljeet Singh: Hailed from Bareilly, fought the British forces at several Uttar Pradesh; he joined hands with places in Ghazipur during the the rebel forces soon after the Uprising of 1857; he also offered outbreak of the 1857 Uprising and financial support to others for buying marched towards Delhi while arms and attacking the British fighting against the British; he establishments; he was caught by the escaped to his region after the British British after their re-occupation of the reoccupation of Delhi in September Ghazipur region, and executed by 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, the advancing British army in the Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), Dulput: Resident of Banda, the North- UPSAL] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Rajpoot[Rajput]; he Duljeet: Resident of Kanpur, the North- participated in the Uprising of 1857 Western Provinces (now Uttar and fought against the British forces Pradesh); he joined the rebel force in the Banda region; he also provided of his area during the Uprising of financial support to the local rebels 1857, and fought against the British and encouraged them to attack the forces in Kanpur; he also offered firangis (British) and their allies; he financial support to the local people was caught during the British re- for buying arms and encouraged occupation of the Banda region, and them to attack the firangis (British); charged with ëaiding and abetting he died while resisting the advancing the rebellion against the Britishí; he British army in the Kanpur region in was sentenced to death with 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur confiscation of property in May 1858; Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] he was executed by hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda Dullaosh: Resident of Ghazeepoor Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [Ghazipur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Dulraj: Resident of Mynpoory joined hands with the rebels of his [Mainpuri], the North-Western area and fought the British forces at Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); several places in Ghazipur during the Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy Uprising of 1857; he was caught by in the B. Company of the British- the British during their re-occupation Indian army; he left the British of the Ghazipur region, and executed employment during the Uprising of by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, 1857 and joined hands with the rebels Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] for fighting against the British rule; he was caught in the course of the Dulpauthnath: Born in Ghazeepoor British re-occupation in 1858, and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 205

sentenced to death on the charges of Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with ëdesertion and mutiny against the the rebels and fought the British in British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow during the Uprising of NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; 1857; he also participated in Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), plundering the British properties and UPSAL] seizing their treasury; he died while confronting the British army at Dumoduree: Inhabitant of Etawah, the Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 1858. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was Basta, UPRAA] a Sepoy in the C. Company under the British-Indian army; he left the Durga Persad: Resident of Lucknow, the service during the Uprising of 1857 Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar to join the rebel forces in fighting Pradesh); he took part in the against the British rule; he was resistance against the firangi-hukumat caught in 1858 while resisting the (British rule) during the Uprising of British offensive, and sentenced to 1857 and fought the British forces on death on the charges of ëdesertion different occasions in the Lucknow and mutiny against the British region; he was killed by the British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra army in an encounter at Bailley Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Guard, Lucknow in November 1857. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Dunkee Singh Lumbudou: Resident of (1858), UPSAL] Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Durga Prasad: Resident of Raipur, Pradesh); inspired by the Rising in aroused by the speech that Hanuman 1857, he joined the rebel forces and Singh, Magazine Lashkar in the participated in the onslaughts on the British Army (who assassinated British establishments in Kanpur in Major Cidwel at his residence on 18 June 1857; when the British were January 1858) delivered before a recovering their lost ground in sepoy audience on the same day; Kanpur between July and December Durga Prasad joined the rebel 1858, he was arrested by them and soldiers in Raipur; involved in the accused of ëtaking part in the killing of British army officers; with rebellion against the Britishí; Dunkee 16 other rebel soldiers, he was Singh was sentenced to death in arrested by the British; tried, December 1857 and executed soon convicted and sentenced to death; thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur hanged in Raipur on 22 January 1858. Mutiny Basta, 1857, UPRAA] [Parliamentary Papers, (Mutiny Further Papers), No.4, 1857-58, NAI, Durg Pal Singh: Resident of Lucknow, CKI, 1740-1947, p.171] the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now 206 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Durga Singh: Belonged to Jaunpur, the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Basta, UPRAA] Pradesh); s/o Shiv Lal Singh; he took part in the rebellion of 1857; he was Durrowa: Belonged to Nugla Noonair, involved in various incidents of Mynpoory [Mainpuri], the North- fighting the British, plundering of the Western Provinces (now Uttar Government properties and Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he took murdering the British officials; part in the Uprising of 1857 and following his arrest, he was put on fought against the British forces on trial on the charge of ëloot and several occasions; he was caught by murderí and awarded capital the British during their operation punishment; he was hanged till death against the rebels, and executed by on 13 September 1858. [Mutiny hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] UPRAA] Duyaa Ram: Born in Futtehpore Durga: Resident of Allygurh [Aligarh], [Fatehpur], the North-Western the North-Western Provinces (now Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the participated in the Uprising of 1857, Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged and also led his neighbours into other people to raise their arms and fighting against the British; he overthrow the firangi-hukumat offered financial support to the (British rule); he marched on to Delhi, rebels for buying arms and joined hands with the rebels there encouraged them to go for and fought the British troops; he was overthrowing the firangi-hukumat caught by the British after their (British rule); he was killed by the reoccupation of Delhi, and charged British forces during their re- with ësedition and rebellion against occupation of Fatehpur in 1857. the Britishí; he was sentenced to [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny death and shot dead in 1857. [Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.), F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Dwara: Belonged to v. Hyderpore, Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- Durga: Resident of Jalalabad, the Oudh Western Provinces (now Uttar [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); Aherya; he joined hands Pradesh); cultivator; along with his with the rebels of his area during the village fellows, he refused to oblige Uprising of 1857 and fought the the British forces with rasad British forces at several places; he (provisions) at Jalalabad during the was caught by the British after the Uprising of 1857; he was captured by defeat of the rebels and charged with the British for this and hanged in ëmurder and plundering the November 1857; his entire village was Government property during the also ransacked by the British troops. rebellioní; he was sentenced to death Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 207

in 1859 and executed by hanging. various places in Lucknow during [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny the Uprising of 1857; he also joined Basta, UPRAA] others in plundering the British properties; he died while confronting Dwarika Prasad: Born in 1920 in distt. the British army at Qaiserbagh, Allahabad, the United Provinces Lucknow, in March 1858. [Mutiny (now Uttar Pradesh). On 14 August Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, 1942 when a procession was UPRAA] organized in connection the ìQuit Indiaî movement in Allahabad, he Dwarka Singh: Hailed from Bareilly, took part in it as a student. He Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel received severe bullet wounds when forces soon after the outbreak of the the police fired on the protesters and 1857 Uprising; along with his fellows, died on the same day. [H/Poll, F.No. he marched towards Delhi while 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.100] fighting against the British forces; he escaped to his region after the British Dwarka Das Rai: Resident of Lucknow, re-occupation of Delhi in September the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now 1857, he died in 1858 while Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the confronting the advancing British Uprising of 1857, and led the rebels army in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny in fighting the British authorities in Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP Lucknow on several occasions; he (1858-59), UPSAL] died while resisting the British army at Talab Jarnail Bagh, Lucknow in Dwarka: Belonged to Allahabad, the 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Pradesh); Brahmin; he participated in the fighting against the British during Dwarka Das: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the the Uprising of 1857, and also incited Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar others to take on the British in Pradesh); he took part in the armed Allahabad; he was caught by the resistance against the firangi-hukumat British at the time of their raids on (British rule) during the Uprising of the rebels in Allahabad, and charged 1857, he also encouraged his with ëmurder and rebellion against neighbourhood to join it; he died the Britishí; sentenced to death in fighting the British forces at Bailley June 1857, and hanged; his property Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. was also confiscated. [Mutiny [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh UPRAA; PP, Further Paper No.1, (1858), UPSAL] NAI; TIM, p.222]

Dwarka Singh: Born in Lucknow, the Dwarka: Belonged to Etawah, the North- Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British at Pradesh); he took part in the 208 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Uprising of 1857, and also incited the he fought against the British troops local people to attack the British at many places in the Banda region; establishments; he was killed while caught by the British at the time of confronting the advancing British an engagement and charged with army in the Etawah region in 1858. ëmutiny, murder and rebellion [Mutiny Papers, Etawah Mutiny against the Britishí, he was sentenced Basta, UPRAA] to death in September 1858 and executed by hanging. [Mutiny Dwarka: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, [Awadh] Province (now Uttar UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B Pradesh); he took part in the (1859), MSAB] Uprising of 1857 and also incited others to join the resistance against Dyal: Belonged to Kamasin, Banda, the the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar was killed by the British army during Pradesh); he participated in the an encounter at Bailley Guard, Uprising of 1857 and fought against Lucknow, in November 1857. the British forces in the Banda region; [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny he was caught during an engagement Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh with the British troops in Banda, and (1858), UPSAL] charged with ëmurder and rebellion against the Britishí; sentenced to Dyal Singh: Resident of Banda, the death with confiscation of property North-Western Provinces (now Uttar in July 1858, he was executed by Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, British-Indian army, left it to join the Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll rebels during the Uprising of 1857; Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 209

EE

Ebadut Khan: Resident of Kumbul General Roberts following the Kutra, Agra, the North-Western sacking of the Agency House; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); captured by the British troops and Pathan; he took part in the Uprising sentenced to death, he was hanged of 1857 and fought the British on near the Agency House, Kota, in several occasions in the Agra region; 1860. [F/Poll, Nos 1-2, September he was caught by the British during 1858; F/Poll ëAí, Nos 428-36, their operations against the rebels, February 1858, Nos 3146-47, and executed by hanging in 1858. December 1858, WWIM, III, p.74; [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny RSG, pp.96-97; RKSS, pp.124-43 Sujas, Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 No 4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, p.81] (IX) (1858), MSAB] Edoo: Resident of Cawnpore (Kanpur), Ebaz/Ewag Khan alias Khewas Khan: the North-Western Provinces (now Resident of Kota State (now distt. Uttar Pradesh); Coffee seller; joined Kota), Rajputana Agency (now the Revolt of 1857 against the British Rajasthan); s/o Inayatullah Khan; in Cawnpore (Kanpur) and surroun- soldier in the Kota State Army; joined ding areas; he participated in the military and civil uprising against attacking and destroying the British the British Government in Kota in Residency in Cawnpore (Kanpur) 1857; led by Mehrab Khan (Risaldar and other British outposts nearby in in the Kota State Army) and Lala June 1857; he was later caught by the Jaidayal (the civilian leader of the British in the course of the fighting rebels), he took part in the attack on and charged with ërebellion against the British Political Agentís house in the British authorityí; sentenced to Kota on 15 October 1857 where the death, he was executed in 1858. Political Agent, Capt. C.E. Burton, [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny and his two sons were killed; fought Basta, 1857, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. against the British forces led by No.53 (X) (1858), MSAB] 210 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Elahee: Hailed from Unnao, the North- [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces Western Provinces (now Uttar (now uttar pradesh); he took part in Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces the Uprising of 1857 and also soon after the outbreak of the 1857 motivated others to fight against the Uprising; along with his associates, firangis (British); he marched on to he marched towards Delhi while Delhi, joined hands with the rebels fighting against the British forces; he there and fought the British forces escaped to his region after the British at several places; he died while re-occupation of Delhi in September confronting the advancing British 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting army in Delhi in September 1857. the advancing British army in the [Mutiny Papers, Bundle No.57, NAI; Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] MSAB]

Elalee Buksh: Born in Mundee Syud Etimad Ali Khan: Resident of Lucknow, Khan, Agra, the North-Western the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Shaikh; he was a Burkundauz Uprising of 1857 and played a leading [Barqandaz] with the Contingent role in guiding the rebel forces of his Guards of the Agra Central Prison; area; he led the rebels in attacking he left the British service during the the British authorities and their Uprising of 1857, joined hands with establishments in Lucknow; he died the rebels of the Agra area and while fighting against the British fought the British troops in several army at Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny engagements in the Agra-Mathura Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, region; he died in repelling the UPRAA] British attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Ewaz Khan: Born in Wuzeerpoora, Agra, UPRAA] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh);Mewattee [Mewati]; Emam Khan: Resident of Teela Ajmeroo he was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] Khan, Agra, the North-Western with the Contingent Guards of the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Agra Central Prison; he left the Mewatee [Mewati]; he took part in British employment during the the Uprising of 1857 and fought the Uprising of 1857, joined hands with British forces at a number of places the rebels and fought the British in Agra; he was caught by the British troops in several engagements in the during their operations against the Agra-Mathura region; he was killed rebels, and executed by hanging in by the advancing British troops 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny during their attacks on the rebels in Basta, UPRAA] 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Enayet Allee: Belonged to Allygurh Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 211

FF

Faiyaz Allee: Born in Agra, the North- MSAB; WWIM, III, p.39] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Faizoollah Beg: Resident of Shekooabad, rebels of his region during the Mynpoori [Mainpuri], the North- Uprising of 1857, and fought against Western Provinces (now Uttar the British at several places in Agra, Pradesh); Moogul [Mughal]; he was he was caught by the British troops a Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contin- and accused of ëmurder and rebellion gent Guards of the Agra Central against the Britishí; he was sentenced Prison under the British Govern- to death with confiscation of his ment; he left the British service property, and executed soon during the Uprising of 1857 and thereafter in 1858. [Mutiny Records, joined hands with the rebels for Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] fighting against the British rule; he marched towards Delhi along with Faiz Allee: Resident of Bareilly, Uttar others, and engaged the British Pradesh; he took part in the Uprising forces at several places; he died in of 1857 and joined the rebel forces 1858 while resisting the British under the leadership of Khan attacks. [Mutiny Records, Agra Bahadur Khan, the rebel leader and Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] ruler of Bareilly; he fought against the British forces at several places in Fakhiroodeen: Belonged to Futtehpore the Rohilkhand area; he was captured [Fatehpur], the North-Western by the British during their re- Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he occupation of the Bareilly region, and joined hands with the rebel forces charged with ëplundering and during the Uprising of 1857 and rebellion against the Britishí; he was fought against the British at several sentenced to death with confiscation places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; of his property and executed in 1860. he also provided financial support to [Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) (1858), the local people and encouraged them 212 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

to storm the British positions; he was Faquir Mohomed: Belonged to Agra, the killed by the British troops in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar course of an encounter in 1857. Pradesh); he joined hands with the [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny rebels in fighting against the British Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] during the Uprising of 1857 and also incited others to take part in it; he Fakiray: Born in v. Bhaisora, distt. was caught by the British troops in Benaras (Varanasi), the United the course of an engagement, and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o charged with ësedition and rebellion Dashrath Ram, a farmer. He actively against the Britishí; sentenced to participated in the ìQuit Indiaî death with confiscation of his agitations in 1942 and was shot and property, he was executed by killed in the indiscriminate police hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, firing on the agitators in August 1942. Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.102] Faquirey: Resident of Futtehpore [Fatehpur], the North-Western Faqir Ali: Born in distt. Srinagar, Jammu Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he and Kashmir; s/o Nasir-ud-Din. A participated in the Uprising of 1857, committed political worker, he and persuaded his neighbours to join contributed significantly to the the fight against the British; he also organizing of the movement for encouraged his comrades to go for responsible government in Jammu overthrowing the firangi-hukumat and Kashmir State. While leading a (British rule); he was captured by the demonstration in 1931 for its sake British troops during their attacks on near the mosque at Gaw Kadal, Sri- the rebels in a village in Fatehpur in nagar, he was killed in the indiscrimi- 1857; he was hanged in 1857. [Mutiny nate State Police firing on the Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, demonstrators. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, UPRAA] J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p. 87; FSK, pp. 48-49; HMKJAMH, p. 324] Farhat Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Faqir Gujar: Resident of v. Saj, distt. Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o the rebels of his area in their fighting Samundah Gujar. He joined a rally against the British forces during the at Rajouri on 1 October 1931 to Uprising of 1857, and also incited castigate autocracy and demand others to take to arms against the responsible government in Jammu British; he was killed confronting the and Kashmir. He was killed on that British army in the battle of Chinhat, day in the firing on the rallyists by Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny the State Army soldiers. [File No. IV, Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, UPRAA] II, p.87] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 213

Farhaz Khan: Belonged to Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, Boolandshahur [Bulandshahar], the UPRAA] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in fighting the Fasahat Jahan: Born at v. Mahul, British and plundering their Azamgarh, the North-Western properties in the Bulandshahar areas Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Raja during the Uprising of 1857; he also of Mahul; he took a leading part in encouraged others in his locality to the Uprising of 1857; he offered join the rebels; he was arrested by financial support to many rebels and the British and charged with encouraged them to attack the British ësedition and rebellion against the officials and plunder their properties; Britishí; sentenced to imprisonment he himself led a group of rebels in for life in March 1859, he died in fighting the British forces at different prison. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. places in the Azamgarh region; he (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), was captured by the British during UPSAL] their onslaught on the region, and charged with ëaiding and abetting Farzand Khan: Resident of Humeerpoor the rebellion against the Britishí; he [Hamirpur], the North-Western was sentenced to death and executed Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he by a British officer with a sword in participated in the Uprising of 1857 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. and fought against the British forces (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), at several places in the Hamirpur UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.40] region; he also led a group of rebels in seizing the British treasury; he was Fateh Mohammad Beg: Belonged to captured during the British re- distt. Baramulla, Jammu and occupation of the Hamirpur area, and Kashmir; s/o Iqbal Beg. He took a charged with ëlooting and rebellion leading part during the political against the Britishí, he was sentenced movement for responsible to death in 1859 and hanged soon government in Jammu and Kashmir. thereafter. [Mutiny Records, When he was heading a protest rally Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] against the autocratic rule at Uri (Baramulla), the State Army soldiers Fasahat Jahan: Belonged to Jaunpur, suddenly opened fire on it in 1931, North-Western Provinces (now uttar killing many, including Beg, on the pradesh); he deserted the British- spot. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Indian Army and joined the rebel Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p. 323] forces in Jaunpur to fight against the British rule during the Rising of 1857; Fateh Mohammed Beg: Born in 1874 in he also participated in the plundering v. Sarseal, distt. Baramulla, Jammu of British properties; he was caught, and Kashmir; s/o Iqbal Beg. He sentenced to death and executed by joined the political movement for hanging on 6 January 1858. [Mutiny responsible government in Jammu 214 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

and Kashmir and took part in a Uprising of 1857 and fought against demonstration at Uri (Baramulla) to the British forces at several places in protest against the autocratic rule in the Sagar region; he was caught by the State. He was killed in 1934 when the British army in the course of an the State Army fired upon the engagement and hanged in 1857. demonstrators. [File No. IV, 8; [Mutiny Records Poll Deptt. Vol. No. MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, 60 (1859), MSAB] Vol.1, p.73; WWIM, II, p.] Fateh Singh: Hailed from the Garhwal Fateh Shah Khan: Resident of the Division, the United Provinces (now Rohilkhand region, Uttar Pradesh; he Uttarakhand); he was a Naik in the took a leading part in the Uprising 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- of 1857 as one of the chief lieutenants Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty of the rebel leader, Khan Bahadur to the Indian National Army in 1942 Khan of Bareilly; he fought in several and served it on the same rank in the battles against the British troops in Ist Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting the Rohilkhand region; he was caught against the British forces in Burma by the British following the defeat (now Myanmar) he was killed in of the rebels forces, and charged with 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, ëmurder, plundering and rebellion 403/INA,NAI; WWIM, II, p.88] against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death and executed in 1858. Fateh Singh: Resident of teh. Sardhana, [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl distt. Meerut, the United Provinces Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; (now Uttar Pradesh). In connection WWIM, III, p.40] with the ìQuit Indiaî movement, the Congress workers organized a Fateh Singh alias Futty: Resident of protest meeting at Bhabhauri village Nimar, the Central India Agency, in Sardhana tehsil on 18 August 1942. Indore, (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o The police suddenly reached the Kesari Singh; joined the anti-British venue, encircled it and lathi-charged. rebel forces during the Uprising of Eventually they also opened fire 1857 in Malwa region; under the killing at least five persons and Fateh leadership of Sita Ram he took part Singh was one among them. [H/Poll, in a number of encounters against the F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 16, p. da; British; in the course of fighting at WWIM, II, p.88] Nimar he was caught and executed by hanging. [Mutiny Papers, I, NAIB; Fazal Haq: Resident of Shahjahanpur, the Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), North-Western Provinces (now Uttar MSAB; WWIM, III, p.40] Pradesh); maulavi; he took a prominent part in the Uprising Fateh Singh Dangi: Resident of Hirapur, against the British rule in 1857, led a Madhya Pradesh; he joined hands group of rebels, and fought in several with the rebels of his area during the engagements with the British forces; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 215

he was killed in an encounter with British authorities; he proceeded to the British troops near Etawah in Delhi, joined the rebel forces there, December 1857. [Mutiny Records, and fought the British on different Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- occasions; he was killed while 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.40] confronting the advancing British forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny Fazil (Miss): Resident of distt. Srinagar, Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Jammu and Kashmir. She participated Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] in a rally organized by the women of the city against the autocracy of Fazl-i-Haqq (Allama): He was a Maulavi the Maharaja during the agitation for from Khairabad (now in distt Sitapur, responsible government in Jammu Uttar Pradesh); Sarishtadar of Delhi and Kashmir. Just when the Residency; he left the British service procession reached at Maisuma Bazar to join the Uprising of 1857; as a on 24 September 1931, the State scholar, he rendered important Army unprecedentedly opened fire services to the rebelsí cause by on the women protestors. Fazil was framing a ëConstitutioní for the killed in that firing on the spot. [File Rebelsí Government in Delhi. After No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; the fall of Delhi in September 1857, KFFF, p. 405] he returned to Khairabad and rallied the rebel forces there; he was Fazil: Resident of Bag Muzaffar Khan, captured by the British after their re- Agra, the North-Western Provinces ocupation of the Khairabad region, (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the and sentenced to the transportation rebel forces of his area during the for life; transported to the Andamans Uprising of 1857 and went up to in 1858 where he died later on. Bulandshahar while fighting against [Mutiny Papers, NAI; AS; BSZWD] the British; he also took part there in an attack on the British officers and Fazl-Ullah Khan: Hailed from Bareilly, their establishments; caught by the Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel British in the course of an engage- forces soon after the outbreak of the ment, he was hanged in 1858 on the 1857 Uprising; along with his fellows, charges of ëmurder of the British he marched towards Delhi while officers and plundering the fighting against the British forces; he Government property during the escaped to his region after the British rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi re-occupation of Delhi in September Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting the advancing British army in the Fazle Husain: Belonged to the North- Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ Western Provinces (now Uttar Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), Pradesh); he took part in the UPSAL] Uprising of 1857 and also motivated his neighbourhood to attack the Feda Ally: Resident of Atrowlee, 216 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- authorities and their establishments Western Provinces (now Uttar in Lucknow on several occasions; he Pradesh); Syud [Syed]; he took part died while fighting against the in the Uprising of 1857 and also British army at Sikanderbagh, incited his neighbourhood to raise Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, arms to challenge the British rule; he Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] fought the British forces at several places and was caught by the British Fida Husain: Resident of Lucknow, the after the defeat of the rebel forces; Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in charged with ësedition and Uttar Pradesh); he joined the plundering the Government property Uprising of 1857, and also incited during the rebellioní, he was others to raise their arms against the sentenced to death in 1858 and British; he fought the British forces executed by hanging. [Mutiny at different places in Lucknow; he Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, File Sl. was killed while confronting the No.117, UPRAA] British army in the battle of Chinhat, Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Feku Bhagat: Resident of v. Tair Buzurg, Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, p.o. Maanipur, ps. Khampar, distt. UPRAA] Deoria, Uttar Pradesh. He was killed in the police firing in Deoria while Finiya: Resident of Bikaner State (now trying to unfurl the Indian flag distt. Bikaner), the Rajputana Agency during the ìQuit Indiaî movement (now Rajasthan); Grocer. Along with in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; the villagers of Udrasar and the RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. 25, 26 & Kha] representatives of Bikaner Praja Mandal, Finiya went to meet the Feroze Shah: Resident of Jhansi, Uttar Bikaner ruler in 1936 to protest Pradesh; he fought against the British against the atrocities of the State forces at various places in Jhansi Police. But the Maharaja did not meet during the Uprising of 1857; more them and the police atrocities active in pouncing upon the enemy continued. To punish him for daring in the forest areas, he was killed in to protest, the police arrested Finiya, an encounter on 26 August 1859. charged him with theft, took him to [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl the Kotwali (Police Station) and Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] beaten him to death. The police men brought his dead body and left it in Fida Husain (Salar): Belonged to front of his shop. Next morning, the Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) Executive Committee of Bikaner Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Praja Mandal reacted sharply to joined the Uprising of 1857 and Finiyaís death, passed a Resolution played a significant role in organizing on the increase of police atrocities in the rebel forces of his region; he led the State and submitted it to the Prime the rebels in attacking the British Minister of the State. Finiyaís death Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 217

did not go in vain, it strengthened (Sagar) region, Madhya Pradesh; he the Praja Mandal movement in participated in the Uprising of 1857 Bikaner. [H/Deptt (Bikaner State), and fought the British forces in his F.No. C V, 1930, RSAB; BJA, pp. 48- area; caught by the British during an 49] encounter in the Sagar region; he was executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny Freechi/Fariza: Born in 1895 in Mohallah Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. No. 60 Jalal Sahib, distt. Baramulla, Jammu (1859), MSAB] and Kashmir; d/o Ghulam Rasul Bahroo and w/o Khawaja Razaq Joo Futeh Singh: Chowdhury [Choudhri] of Bohru. She actively joined the Futtehpore [Fatehpur], the North- political movement for responsible Western Provinces (now Uttar government in Jammu and Kashmir. Pradesh); a leading figure in the When the procession, in which she Uprising of 1857, he organised the was taking part, faced the State Police local rebels and led them in attacking firing at Kheryarbal (Baramulla) in the British establishments in Fatehpur 1931, she hurled a kangri on a police and its adjoining areas; he was officer and disfigured his face. captured by the British forces and Consequently, she was fired upon sentenced to death in June 1859 on with vengeance and she succumbed the charge of ëaiding and abetting to her bullet injuries later on. [File rebellion against the Britishí. [Mutiny No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) KFFF, p. 404; WWIM, II, p.89; NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] HMKJAMH, p.324] Futey Singh: Resident of Kanpur, the Fukeer Bux: Resident of Gorackpore North-Western Provinces (now uttar [Gorakhpur], the North-Western pradesh); he joined hands with the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); rebels of his area during the Uprising Zamindar; he led the local rebels in of 1857, and fought against the fighting the British in the Gorakhpur British forces at places in Kanpur; he region during the Uprising of 1857; also supplied arms to the local people he also provided the rebel forces and encouraged them to plunder the with arms and ammunitions, as well British properties; he was killed as with money; he was arrested by while resisting the advancing British the British at the time of their re- army in the Kanpur region in 1857. occupation of the area; charged with [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny ëmurder and rebellion against the Basta, UPRAA] Britishí, he was sentenced to death in February 1859. [Mutiny Records, Futta: Resident of Nimar, the Central Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- India Agency, Indore, (now Madhya 59), UPSAL] Pradesh); joined the rebel forces during the Uprising of 1857; while Funda Singh: Belonged to the Saugor fighting against the British forces at 218 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Mandleshwar in 1857, he was troops in an encounter in 1857. captured by the enemy and sentenced [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny to transportation for life. Futta Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] passed away as a captive in an overseas jail. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. I, Fuzal Imam: Resident of Agra, the NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) North-Western Provinces (now Uttar (1858), MSAB; WWIM, III, p.42] Pradesh); he took part in the Uprising of 1857, and also Futteh Singh: Belonged to Allygurh encouraged other people to take part [Aligarh], the North-Western in fighting the firangi-hukumat (British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he rule); he fought the British troops in participated in fighting against the Agra and was captured by them in British rule in Aligarh during the the course of an engagement, and Uprising of 1857; he also marched on accused of ëmurder and rebellion to Delhi, joined hands with the rebels against the Britishí; he was sentenced there and fought the British troops to death in 1858 with confiscation of at several places; he was killed his property, he was executed by during a confrontation with the hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, advancing British army in Delhi in Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), Bundle No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. MSAB] No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Fyz Allee: Resident of Banda Khas, the Fuz Allee: Belonged to Futtehpore North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Fatehpur], the North-Western Pradesh); he joined hands with the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he rebels of his area during the Uprising joined the rebel forces during the of 1857, and fought the British forces Uprising of 1857, and fought against on several occasions; caught by the the British troops in the Fatehpur- British in the course of an Kanpur region; he also provided engagement, he was hanged in 1859. financial support to the rebels and [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny encouraged them to attack the British Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 officers; he was killed by the British (IX) (1858), MSAB] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 219

GG

Gabar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal (now Myanmar) front in 1944. [INA Division, the United Provinces (now Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- II, p.89; EBIFF, I, p.225] Indian Army; he volunteered to join the Indian National Army in 1942 Gabdu: Resident of v. Neemuchana, teh. and served it as Sepoy in the Ist Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State (now Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting distt. Alwar), Rajputana Agency against the Allied forces in Thailand (now Rajasthan); s/o Jagi. He joined he was killed at Bangkok in 1945. the meeting of the kisan agitators held [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/ at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to INA, (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.89] protest against the Maharajaís mal- administration and his land Gabar Singh: Resident of v. settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Chakargoan, distt. Tehri-Garhwal, settlement the Biswedari rights of the Garhwal Division, the United Rajputs were forfeited and the land Provinces (now Uttarakhand), served revenue had been increased by fifty in the British-Indian Army as a Sepoy per cent. Though all agriculturists and deployed on the Singapore- were affected adversely by it, the Malaya front against the Japanese Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing forces in December 1941; captured by the news of this gathering of the kisan the Japanese in February 1942, he agitators, the Maharaja sent his State became a Japanese prisoner of war; Army to counter the rallyists at shifted his loyalty to the Indian Neemuchana. The troops surroun- National Army in 1942 and joined it ded the village, blocked all the escape as a Sepoy in its 1st Guerrilla routes from it and opened fire on the Regiment; fought against the British- protesters without any prior warning led Allied forces and sacrificed his of dispersal. Many of the agitators, life while fighting on the Burma including Gabdu, received serious 220 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

bullet wounds in the indiscriminate Central India Agency, (now Madhya firing and Gabdu died of these. Pradesh). Joined Ratlam State Praja Simultaneously with this firing, the Mandal, and fought for civil liberties village was set on fire by the State and responsible government in troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 Ratlam State in January 1941. He was of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June arrested on the false charge of 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta illegally procuring arms and was sent No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November to Ratlam jail. He became critically 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, ill in jail, and was released on the eve F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] of his death at Ujjain in September 1941. [AISPC Papers (Ratlam State), Gadadhar Nath Pandey: Resident of v. F.No. 148, NMML] Daya Chhapra, distt. Ballia, the United Provinces (now Uttar Gahar Singh: Born in v. Bamanwas; Pradesh). He actively participated in Nizamat (teh.) Bansoor, Alwar State a stormy demonstration that (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana marched for seizing the Bairiya police Agency (now Rajasthan); s/o Kishan station on 18 August 1942 during the Singh; Shekhawat. He participated in ìQuit Indiaî movement. He was the kisan agitatorsí meeting held at severely wounded in the police firing Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to near the Thana and died of it on the remonstrate against the Maharajaís same day. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, mal-administration and his land NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.262; BCA, settlement policy of 1923-24. In this p. 113] settlement the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were forfeited and the land Gadadhar Tiwari: Resident of Jubbulpore revenue enhanced by fifty per cent. (Jabalpur), Saugor and Nerbudda Though all agriculturists were Division, the Central Provinces and affected adversely by it, the Rajputs Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); suffered the most. Hearing the news served as a Sepoy in the British- of this peasant gathering, the Indian army; unable to put up with Maharaja sent his State Army to take the ill-treatment of his senior British the rallyists on Neemuchana. The officers, he attacked his companyís troops surrounded the village, Adjutant, Mr. Miller, with his musket blocked all the escaping routes from on 16 June 1857; overpowered by the it and opened fire on the protesters other soldiers and detained in their without any prior warning. Gahar custody, he was blown off in public Singh received severe gun shots in by a canon despite the medical the indiscriminate firing and died on officerís declaring him as mentally the spot. Simultaneously, the village unstable. [Mutiny Papers, III, NAIB; was also set on fire by the State MPGJ, p.84] troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June Gafoor Khan: Born in 1918, Ratlam State, 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 221

No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November Pradesh); he joined hands with the 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, rebels of his area during the Uprising F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] of 1857, and fought the British forces on several occasions; caught by the Gajadhar Singh: Belonged to v. Garhi British in the midst of an engage- Sahja, teh. Etmadpur, distt. Agra, the ment, he was hanged in 1861. United Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur Pradesh). In 1930 Agra witnessed a Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), Congress-backed kisan agitation for UPRAA] non-payment of taxes during the Civil Disobedience movement. When, Gajendra Singh: Hailed from v. Askok consequent to this ìno-taxî Thamu, distt. Almora, Kumaon campaign, the peasants of Garhi Sahja Division, the United Provinces (now village received some reprieve from Uttarakhand); enrolled as a Sepoy in land taxes, a few Zamindars of the the Indian National Army in 1942 in tehsil maneuvered ñ with the help of Malaya and was posted in its 3rd local officials ñ to secure confiscation Guerrilla Regiment; fought against warrants for non-payment. They the British on various battle fronts induced the police to start and died in the course of heavy confiscating the peasantsí crops and fighting at Maymy,o Burma (now cattle, resulting in serious kisan- Myanmar) on 26 September 1944. police clashes. Gajadhar Singh ñ one [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/ of the kisan resisters ñ was involved INA (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; in a clash such as these, and died of WWIM, II, p.91; EBIFF, I, p. 226] police firing on the spot. [H/Poll, F.Nos. 23/54/1930, NAI; SSKS, 33, Gajju Panday: Hailed from Jaunpur, p. 46 & 47; WWIM, I, p.105] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Shiv Sahai Panday; he Gajadhar Singh: Resident of Lucknow, joined the rebellious force of the 1857 the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uprising; he took part in attacks on Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the the Government officials and British the Uprising of 1857 and led the loyalists and was involved in killing rebels in attacking the British a Patwari (local revenue official); he authorities and their establishments was captured and charged with in Lucknow at several places; he died ëmurderí and received capital while fighting against the British punishment; he was hanged till death army at Mohammad Bagh, Lucknow on 30 October 1858. [Mutiny Records, in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Gamal Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Gajadhur Singh: Resident of Gwalee, Division, the United Provinces (now Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Uttarakhand); earlier he was a Western Provinces (now Uttar Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 222 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Garhwal Rifles of the British-Indian places in the Sagar region during the Army but shifted his loyalty to the Uprising of 1857; caught by the Indian National Army in 1942 and British troops in the midst of their served it on the same rank; he died operations against the rebels, he was while fighting against the Allied executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny forces in Burma (now Myanmar) in Records, F/ Poll, Consultations nos. 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 581-92, 30 Oct (1857, NAI] 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.91] Ganesh Panday: Hailed from v. Turtipur, Gandarohi Singh: Born in v. Kandol, distt. Ballia, the United Provinces Etawah, the North-Western (now Uttar Pradesh). He was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o arrested on the charge of taking part Bhagat Singh; Jagirdar; he led an in anti-British activities during the armed group of rebels in attacking ìQuit Indiaî movement in August and plundering the British 1942. He died (at the age of 45) in jail establishments during the 1857 in the same year on account of the Uprising; he also propagated against inhuman tortures he suffered there. the British and encouraged his [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, neighbours to join the rebellion; he p. 120] was captured during an engagement with the British troops, and charged Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi: Born in 1890 with ësedition, plundering and in a Srivastava Kayastha family at his rebellion against the Britishí; he was maternal grandfatherís place. sentenced to death with confiscation Resident of v. Haithgaon, distt. of his all properties, and executed in Fatehpur (near Kanpur), the United 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Jagat/Jai Narain, an Assistant Teacher in the Anglo-Vernacular Gandhurva Singh: Resident of v. School at Mooangavali (in Gawalior Pindara, Pargana-Malthaun of Saugor State). He received his early (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he joined education at home and at his fatherís hands with the rebels of his area school in Gwalior. Passed his during the Uprising of 1857 and matriculation in 1907, but poverty fought the British forces in the Sagar prevented him from pursuing higher region; he was captured by the education, though he continued his British in the course of an private studies. He worked for some engagement and hanged on 20 March time in the currency office at Kanpur, 1858. [F/ Poll (Sup. Proc), S. No. 1351, but resigned from it to become a 30 Dec (1859)] teacher in Prathvinath High School for some time. Gradually he Ganesh Khangur: Resident of the Saugor developed a taste for journalism by (Sagar) region, Madhya Pradesh; he reading the Hindi dailies, started fought the British forces at several writing in Hindi on social and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 223 educational problems and soon January 1924. Chosen the President attracted the attention of Mahavir of U.P. Provincial Congress Prasad Dwivedi. He joined Saraswati Committee, he remained a member ñ the renowned monthly Hindi of the U.P. Legislative Council magazine published from Allahabad between 1926 and 1929. Ganesh óand assisted Mahavir Prasad Shankar Vidyarthi was closely Dwivedi in running it from 1911 to connected with the revolutionary 1913. In November 1913 Vidyarthi movement of Northern India with himself started a Hindi paper, Pratap, Kanpur as its centre of activities. from Kanpur and continued as its Famous revolutionariesóChandra- founder-editor till his death in 1931. shekhar Azad, Vijay Kumar Sinha, The newspaper suffered from Bhagat Singh, Batukeshwar Dutt and financial difficulties and often earned others were close to him and got help the Governmentís displeasure. But and inspiration from him. Vidyarthi Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi was criticised those Hindus who thought unperturbed and the reading public merely in terms of a Hindu Rashtra remained supportive. Pratap under and also those Muslims who dreamt his editorship became the topmost only of Kabul and Mecca. An Indian among the Hindi nationalist papers nation for him consisted of all the of Northern India and it was people living in the country and not regarded as the symbol of nationalist dominated by any particular religion aspirations. Vidyarthi also became or sect. When communal riots flared an active member of the Indian up in Kanpur in March 1931, National Congress and of the Home Vidyarthi fearlessly tried his best to Rule movement. By his complete establish communal peace and saved freedom from any communal bias, he the lives of many Hindus and endeared himself to all parties and Muslims. While visiting riot-affected communities. Peasants at several area in Kanpur on 25 March 1931 he places in U.P. rose against the was murdered at the age of 41 by atrocities of the zamindars in 1920 and the frenzied communal rioters. the police fired upon them at Rai Throughout his life he fought against Bareilly. Vidyarthi vehemently the evils of communalism and died a criticised the Government and the martyr for the establishment of zamindars for their high-handedness. communal harmony. [MOMI, p.106; He was accused by the British SSG,4, Shahidnama, pp.86-7; EISFF, Government for spreading unrest p.227; DNB, IV, pp.423-25; TLD, and was arrested before their forcing pp.248-50, 309-12; Ptp.20, 26 March Pratap to deposit a security of Rs. 1923, 21 April, 29 September, 21 15,000/-. He was released in May October and 1 December 1924; GSVR, 1922, re-arrested in 1923 for his 4, pp.7-55] speech delivered as the President of Fatehpur District Political Ganesh: Resident of distt. Aligarh, Uttar Conference, and was released in Pradesh; younger brother of Dev 224 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Dutt. He was tied with a tree and Ganeshjoi: Resident of Jhansi State, severely beaten by the police for not Bundelkhand Agency, the Central telling the whereabout of his brother India (now Uttar Pradesh); inspired ñ an absconder ñ in the Aligarh by the Uprising of 1857 and resenting Station Bomb Incident during the the interference in the Jhansi affairs, ìQuit Indiaî movement. Ganesh (an he joined the rebel forces and 8/9 years old child) could not bear participated in attacking the British the police atrocities and died on the establishments in Jhansi and its spot in August 1942. [H/Poll, F.No. neighbouring areas; when the British 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 34, p. ja] were recovering their lost ground in Jhansi in 1858, he was captured by Ganesh: Resident of Unnao, the North- them; accused of ërebellion against Western Provinces (now Uttar the Britishí, Ganeshjoi was sentenced Pradesh); he took part in the to be executed in 1858. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought the Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, British at different places in the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B Unnao-Kanpur region; he also (1859), MSAB] encouraged the neighbourhood to attack the British establishments and Ganga Datt: Born in 1909 in v. Khumand plunder their properties; he was Patti, Distt. Almora, Kumaon killed while confronting the British Division, the United Provinces (now army in Unnao in 1857. [Mutiny Uttarakhand); s/o Tika Ram; Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, agriculturalist; joined the Congress UPRAA] Party and took part in a procession during the ìQuit Indiaî movement Ganesh: Resident of v. Khajura, at Sumand Patti (Almora) in 1942; the Chhatarpur State, Bundelkhand British armed personnel came down region, the Central India Agency to stop its progress and opened fire (now Madhya Pradesh); agricultural on the processionists; Ganga Datt labour. He supported the no-tax was shot dead in the firing along with movement that was taking place in his brother, Kheemanand. [PCJ Chhatarpur State in 1930 under the Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, leadership of Pandit Sukhdev, Jagat 157 (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, p.106; SSKS, Singh and Ram Sahai Tiwari. When KD: p.3; BSAS: p. 129] he refused to pay the phenomenally increased land revenue, the Collector Ganga Dhar Marahatta: Resident of and his police personnel had so Jhansi State (now Uttar Pradesh); severely beaten him up at his joined the anti-British rebel forces residence that he died on the spot. during the Uprising of 1857; he took [F/Poll, F. No.230 (1931); H/Poll, part in attacking and killing the F.Nos.12-14 (1931); 2 (41) (1931); 18- Britishers in the Jhansi region; caught XII (1930); 18-31 (1931), NAI; CDG during the British raids on the area p.247-49] in April 1858 and sentenced to death Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 225

on charges of ërebellion and aiding against the British and aiding the the rebellioní, he was executed soon rebellioní, Ganga Singh was thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi sentenced to death in December 1857 Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, and executed soon thereafter. Vol. II, No.43C (1859), MSAB] [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, 1857, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. Ganga Persad: Belonged to Lucknow, No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Ganga: Resident of Humeerpoor Uprising of 1857, and also incited his [Hamirpur], the North-Western neighbourhood to raise its arms Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he against the British; he fought at participated in the Uprising of 1857 several places against the British and and fought against the British forces died in the battle of Chinhat, in the Hamirpur region; he also Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny provided all assistance to the rebels Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, during their onslaughts on the British UPRAA] strongholds; he was caught during the British re-occupation of Ganga Sagar Dikshit: Resident of v. Hamirpur, and charged with ëmurder Sikandarpur, distt. Farrukhabad, the and rebellion against the Britishí, United Provinces (now Uttar sentenced to death in 1859; he was Pradesh); s/o C.K. Diskshit. Before hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny shifting his loyalty to the Indian Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, National Army in 1942 as a Havildar UPRAA] [Hawaldar] in the 1st Bahadur Group, he was in the service of the British- Gangadhar Mahatta: Resident of Jhansi Indian Army as Havildar [Hawaldar]- (now Uttar Pradesh); participated in Storekeepar. He fought on the the Uprising of 1857 by joining the Burma front against the British-led rebel forces and fighting the British Allied forces and lost his life in the troops in the Jhansi region in 1857- battle ground in 1944. [INA Papers, 58; Gangadhar was caught by the F. No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.82] British troops during their re- occupation of Jhansi and charged Ganga Singh: Resident of Cawnpore with ëaiding and taking part in (Kanpur), the North-Western rebellion against the Britishí, he was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); sentenced to death in 1858. [Mutiny during the Uprising of 1857 he joined Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, the anti-British rebel forces in the UPRAA] month of June and fought the British in order to throw them out of Gangadhar: Born in 1912 in v. Beyawara, Kanpur; in July 1857 he was caught Rajgarh State (now distt. Rajgarh), the by the British troops, re-occupying Central India Agency (now Madhya Kanpur and charged with ërebellion Pradesh); s/o Harlal Sahu. As an 226 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

executive member of the Prajamandal firing while taking part in a protest in the State, he took prominent part rally during the ìQuit Indiaî in the national movement in 1943. He movement in August 1942. [H/Poll, was arrested by the State police and F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, tortured to death in the Rajgarh jail p.108] in 1943. [JPP, June, 1943, MSAB; MPKSSKS, III, p.111] Gania Singh: Resident of v. Bisaloo, teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State (now Gangadhar: Resident of Jhansee [Jhansi], distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency Uttar Pradesh; soon after the (now Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He outbreak of the Uprising of 1857, he participated in a meeting of the kisan joined the rebellious forces and agitators at Neemuchana on 14 May fought in various regions of Jhansi; 1925 to remonstrate against the he was caught by the British during Maharajaís mal-administration and their operations against the rebels in his land settlement policy of 1923-24. Jhansi, and charged with In this settlement the Biswedari rights ëplundering, murder and rebellion of the Rajputs were forfeited and the against the Britishí; he was sentenced land revenue had been increased by to death and executed in 1859. fifty per cent. Though all [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl. agriculturists were affected adversely Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing the news of this gathering Gangaram: Resident of Mundee Syed of the kisan agitators, the Maharaja Khan, Agra, the North-Western sent his State Army to counter the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops Brahmin; he was a Duffadar [Dafadar] surrounded the village, blocked all in the Contingent Guards of the the exit points from it and opened Agra Central Prison under the British fire on the protesters without any Government; he left the British prior warning. Gania Singh received service during the Uprising of 1857 fatal bullet wounds in the and joined hands with the rebels in indiscriminate firing and died on the their fighting against the British rule; spot. Simultaneously with this firing, he died in 1858 while defending the village was set on fire by the State against the advancing British army. troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta (1858), MSAB] No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Gani Lal: Hailed from v. Banapur, distt. F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] Etawah, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Khem Lal, a Ganjam Singh: Hailed from distt. Farmer, educated up to second Narsinghpur, Nerbudda Division, standard in school. He died in police the Central Provinces and Berar (now Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 227

Madhya Pradesh); rich landlord; 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt. joined the anti-British rebel forces Vol. I, No. 43B (1859), MSAB] during the Uprising of 1857 in Narsinghpur district and Ganzi/Gazi Khan: Resident of Raipur, continuously fought for regaining the Central Provinces and Berar (now power and position he lost to the Chhattisgarh); Havildar in the British- British; he was killed in an ambush Indian Army; aroused by the speech by the British troops. [Mutiny that Hanuman Singh, Magazine Papers, II, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. Lashkar in the British Army (who No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB; WWIM, assassinated Major Cidwel at his III, p.43] residence on 18 January 1858) delivered before a sepoy audience on Ganpat Pandey: Born in 1914 at v. the same day; Ganzi/Gazi Khan Gopalpur, distt. Ballia, the United joined the rebel soldiers in Raipur; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o involved in killing British army Raghunath. He voluntarily officers; with 16 other rebel soldiers, participated in a procession taken out he was arrested by the British; tried, during the ìQuit Indiaî movement. convicted and sentenced to death; He died when the processionsts hanged in Raipur on 22 January 1858. were fired upon by the police in [Parliamentary Papers ñ reg. Mutiny August 1942. [H/poll. F.No. 3/30/ further Papers, No.4, 1857-58, NAI, 42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.262; BCA, p. 118] CKI, 1740-1947, p.171]

Ganpati Nonia: Resident of v. Kolwar, Gaohur Allee: Belonged to Futtehpore distt. Ballia, the United Provinces [Fatehpur], the North-Western (now Uttar Pradesh). He took part Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he in the anti-British demonstrations took part in the Uprising of 1857, and organized during the ìQuit Indiaî led his neighbours into fighting the movement. He was killed at the age British; he also encouraged the local of 24 in a police firing at Ballia in rebels to go for overthrowing the August 1942 while participating in a firangi-hukumat (British rule); volatile protest demonstration. [H/ captured by the British troops at the Poll. F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 2, time of their raids on Fatehpur in p.204] 1857, he was hanged. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, Ganput: Belonged to Garhakota, Saugor UPRAA] (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he joined hands with the rebels of his area Gauhar Allee: Resident of Allahabad, the during the Uprising of 1857 and North-Western Provinces (now Uttar fought against the British at several Pradesh); he joined hands with the places in the Sagar region; he was rebels of his locality during the caught by the advancing British army Uprising of 1857 and fought against and executed by hanging on 5 March the British in Allahabad-Fatehpur 228 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

region; he also took part in seizing Gauhur Allee: Resident of Banda, the the British arms and distributing North-Western Provinces (now Uttar these among the rebel ranks; he was Pradesh); he joined hands with the captured by the British troops during rebels during the Uprising of 1857 their attacks on Allahabad, and and fought against the British forces hanged from a tree in 1857 on the in the Banda region; he also charges of ëtheft and rebellion propagated against the British rule against the Britishí. [Mutiny Records, and incited the people to raise their Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; arms to end the firangi-hukumat Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), (British rule); he was caught during MSAB] an engagement with the advancing British troops in Banda and charged Gauhar Allee: Resident of Paharee, with ësedition and murder of Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- Europeans during the rebellioní; he Western Provinces (now Uttar was sentenced to death in August Pradesh); he participated in the 1858 and executed by hanging. Uprising of 1857 and fought against [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny the British forces in the Hamirpur Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 region; he also assisted the rebels in (IX) (1858), MSAB] various ways during their campaigns against the British strongholds; he Gaura Bai Katai: Born in 1902, resident was caught during the British attacks of v. Chichli, teh. Gadarwara, on Hamirpur, and charged with distt.Betul, Nerbudda division, the ëmurder and rebellion against the Central Provinces and Berar (now Britishí, sentenced to death in 1859; Madhya Pradesh); w/o Pati Ram he was hanged soon thereafter. Katia; weaver. She was involved in [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny the ìQuit Indiaî movement at Chichli Basta, UPRAA] and died in the indiscriminate police firing on the agitators on 23 August Gauhar Khan: Hailed from Bareilly, 1942. [H/Poll (FR), F.Nos. 18/8/1942, Uttar Pradesh; he joined hands with FFMPC, II, p. 437] the rebels of his area soon after the outbreak of the 1857 Uprising; along Gauree Shanker: Resident of Kanpur, the with his fellows, he marched towards North-Western Provinces (now uttar Delhi while fighting against the pradesh); he joined the rebel force British forces; he escaped to his of his area during the Uprising of region after the British re-occupation 1857, and fought against the British of Delhi in September 1857, he died rule at a number of places in Kanpur; in 1858 while resisting the advancing he incited the local people and British army in the Bareilly region. encouraged them to attack the firangis [Mutiny Records, F/Abst. Proc. (British); he died while resisting the (Poll), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] advancing British army in the Kanpur region in 1857. [Mutiny Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 229

Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, 1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; SSKS, GD, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) 14, p.1] (1858), MSAB] Gaus Khan: Belonged to Humeerpoor Gauree: Resident of Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North-Western [Hamirpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Uprising of 1857 participated in the Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British forces and fought against the British in the at several places in the Hamirpur Hamirpur region; he also propagated region; he was captured during the against the firangi-hukumat (British British re-occupation of Hamirpur, rule) and incited the people to and charged with ëplundering and overthrow it; he was caught during rebellion against the Britishí, he was an engagement with the advancing sentenced to death with confiscation British army, and convicted on the of property in 1859 and hanged soon charges of ësedition and rebellion thereafter. [Mutiny Records, against the Britishí, he was sentenced Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] to death with confiscation of property in 1859 and executed by hanging. Geegla: Resident of Ghazeepoor [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny [Ghazipur], the North-Western Basta, UPRAA] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British forces at several Gauru alias Gora: Born in 1907 in v. Badli places in Ghazipur during the Dashgi, distt. Uttarkashi, Garhwal Uprising of 1857; he also offered arms Division, the United Provinces (now to others for attacking the British Uttarakhand); s/o Sinkiya. He took officials; he was caught by the British part in the peasantsí agitation during after their re-occupation of the the Civil Disobedience movement in Ghazipur region, and executed by 1930 against the Tehri-Garhwal State hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, rulerís exorbitant land revenue Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] demand, and also against the implementation of new forest laws. Geerdharee: Resident of Ghazeepoor He attended in this connection the [Ghazipur], the North-Western public meeting called at Baman Tiladi Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); maidan to protest against the killing Thakoor [Thakur]; he joined the of two innocent peasants by the State rebels and fought the British forces police on 20 May 1930. In the midst at several places in Ghazipur during of the proceedings the State armed the Uprising of 1857; he also offered police force led by the Dewan financial support to other rebels for Chakradhar arrived and opened fire buying arms and attacking the British on the meeting, resulting in the forces; he was caught by the British killing of 17 persons, including Gauru during their re-occupation of the on the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/ Ghazipur region, and executed by 230 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, fought the British forces at several Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] places in Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; he also offered Geerdhur: Resident of Futtehpore financial support to the rebels for [Fatehpur], the North-Western buying arms to attack the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he establishments; he was caught by the participated in the Uprising of 1857 British forces after their re- and fought against the British troops occupation of the Ghazipur region, at various places in the Fatehpur- and executed by hanging in 1859. Kanpur region; he was killed by the [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny British troops in the course of an Basta, UPRAA] encounter in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ Genda Singh: Born 1829, at v. Harar, Per.Srs.), UPRAA] Futtehpore [Fatehpur], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Geerdhuree: Resident of Futtehpore Pradesh); s/o Thakur Kharag Singh; [Fatehpur], the North-Western he took a leading part in the Uprising Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he against the British in 1857; he participated in the Uprising of 1857, provided financial support to the and also encouraged his neighbours rebels and encouraged them to attack to fight for overthrowing the firangi- the British establishments; he also led hukumat (British rule) ; he was a group of rebels and fought in captured by the British troops during several encounters with the British their re-occupation of Fatehpur in in Fatehpur; he was caught 1857, and hanged soon thereafter. subsequently by the British and [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA; WWIM, III, Geetaram Aukhrilal: Resident of p.44] Chamoli, Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now General Fatehadaula: Resident of Uttarakhand); was arrested for his Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) involvement in the ìQuit Indiaî Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he movement in Chamoli district in 1942; joined the Uprising of 1857 and succeeded in escaping from jail in played a leading role in training the 1942, he died while at large in 1943. rebel forces of his region; he led the [H/Poll, F. Nos.3/16/42, 3/30/42, rebels in attacking the British NAI; SSKS, GD: pp. 1-2; BSAS: p.137] authorities and their establishments in Lucknow on several occasions; he Genda Roy: Resident of Dhurnee, was killed during the fight against Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- the British army at Hazratganj, Western Provinces (now Uttar Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 231

Ghaffar Channa: Belonged to distt. took part in such a protest demons- Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o tration organized at Shopian Fateh Channa. He joined the political (Islamabad) on that very day. While movement for responsible the procession was being taken out government in Jammu and Kashmir noisily, the State military force when it was growing intense. He was intervened in its advancement. The killed in the firing by State Army protesters had resented the military soldiers on the day he participated action and demanded free passage in a demonstration against the which was stubbornly refused. In the autocratic rule at Uri (Baramulla) in ensuing clash between two, the 1934. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, military suddenly opened indiscrimi- Srinagar] nate firing on the rallyists in which Ghani Butt Kawa was killed on the Ghafoor Allee: Resident of Banda, the spot at the age of 35. [File No. V, 8; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, Pradesh); he participated in the pp.409-10; EBIFF, I, p. 256; WWIM, Uprising of 1857 and fought against II, p. 95] the British forces in the Banda region; he also arranged financial support for Ghani Darzi: Born in 1901 in distt. the local people and incited them to Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu and take up arms against the firangis Kashmir; s/o Ramazan. When the (British); he was caught during an people of Islamabad observed a engagement with the British troops complete hartal on 23 September 1931 in Banda, and charged with ësedition, to register their protest against the aiding and abetting the rebellion arrest of Sheikh Mohammad against the Britishí; sentenced to Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the death with confiscation of his movement for responsible govern- property in July 1858, he was ment, he (a tailor by profession) took executed by hanging soon thereafter. part in the protest demonstration [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny organized at Shopian (Islamabad). Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 While the procession was (IX) (1858), MSAB] vociferously moving on, the State military force intervened to stop it. Ghani Butt Kawa: Born in 1896 in v. In the ensuing scuffle between the Gaginag, distt. Islamabad two, the military force suddenly [Anantnag], Jammu and Kashmir; s/ opened indiscriminate firing on the o Rahman Butt. When the people of rallyists in which Ghani Darzi was Islamabad observed a complete hartal killed on the spot. [File No. V, 8; to register their protest against the MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, arrest of Sheikh Mohammad pp.409-10; EBIFF, I, pp. 255-56; Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the WWIM, II, p. 95] movement for responsible government on 23 September, he Ghanshyam Das: Inhabitant of 232 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] 18/9/1942, NAI; FFMPC, I, p. 157] Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British forces during the Ghaurun: Resident of Banda, the North- Uprising of 1857, and also Western Provinces (now Uttar encouraged other people to raise Pradesh); he participated in the their arms against the British; he was Uprising of 1857 and fought against killed in an engagement with the the British forces in the Banda region; British army in the battle of Chinhat, he also provided financial support to Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny the local rebels and incited them to Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, raise arms against the firangis (British) UPRAA] and their loyalists; he was caught during an engagement with the Ghasee: Resident of Cawnpore (Kanpur), British troops in Banda, charged the North-Western Provinces (now with ësedition, aiding and abetting Uttar Pradesh) joined the rebel forces the rebellion against the Britishí, and during the Uprising of 1857 in sentenced to death with confiscation Kanpur; participated in attacking the of his property in June 1858; he was British civilians and troops in the executed by hanging thereafter. Kanpur region; he was caught in the [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny course of the British raids on Kanpur Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, between July and December 1857, No.43B (1859), MSAB] sentenced to death on charges of ërebellion against the Britishí in Ghaus Allee: Inhabitant of Faizabad, the December 1857, and executed soon Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel Mutiny Basta, 1857, UPRAA; Poll forces during the 1857 Uprising and Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] started for Lucknow; he fought against the British at several places Ghasi Ram: Resident of v. Mating, distt. in Lucknow city; he was caught by Durg (created in 1905), Chhattisgarh the British army in the midst of an division, Central Provinces and encounter and hanged at Machhi Berar (now Chhattisgarh); s/o Bhawan, Lucknow, in June 1857. Loknath. Actively involved in the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny ìQuit Indiaî movement, and also in Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl the spreading of the Congress Deptt.) Oudh (1857), UPSAL] influence in the Hindu Mahasabha- dominated Durg. He was arrested Ghaus Allee: Resident of Banda, the and put behind the bars (in Raipur North-Western Provinces (now Uttar District Jail under Section 129 Defence Pradesh); Sheikh; he joined hands of India Rules) on 31 October 1942. with the local rebels during the Ill-treatments and tortures caused his Uprising of 1857 and took part in their untimely death in detention on 27 marches to attack the British February 1943. [H/Poll (FR), F.Nos. establishments in the Banda region; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 233

he also incited his neighbours to raise Indiaî movement in Doharia to arms and kill the goralog (British); he resolve to end the British rule and was caught by the advancing British earn their freedom. When the people troops in Banda, and charged with came in direct confrontation with the ësedition, murder of Europeans and administration and the situation rebellioní; he was sentenced to death went out of control, the police opened in July 1858 and executed by fire on the agitating satyagrahis and hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda killed 11 persons. Ghiraw Barai was Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, among those killed in the firing on Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] the same day. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/ 42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 36, p. 2 & Ghaus Khan: Belonged to Banda, the 26] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Ghiru: Hailed from v. Patia under Garhi Uprising of 1857, and accompanied Jagir in Banswara State (now distt. the rebels on various occasions in Banswara), the Rajputana Agency plundering and seizing the British (now Rajasthan); took part in the property/treasury in the Banda Bhagat Bhil movement in southern region; he died in 1858 while fighting Rajasthan that Govindgiri started in against an advancing British army in 1907, preaching monotheism among Banda. [Mutiny Records, Banda the Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] socio-religious endeavour changed into a politico-economic movement, Ghazi Khan: Resident of Kanpur, the against the extraction of Begar (forced North-Western Provinces (now uttar labour) and exploitation of the Bhils pradesh); he joined the rebels of his by the petty officials of the area during the Uprising of 1857, and Dungarpur and Banswara States and fought against the British forces at Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). Ghiru several places in Kanpur; he also was one among those thousands of offered financial support to the local Bhagat Bhils who joined this people and encouraged them to movement and warned the attack the British establishments; he Dungarpur and Banswara rulers in died while resisting the advancing the first week of November 1913, British army in the Kanpur region in either to remove the main grievance 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur of the Bhils or to face the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] overthrowing of the Statesí authority to oppress and ill-treat them. The Ghiraw Barai: Born in v. Bikurha, p.o. militancy of the Bhils and their Pali, distt. Gorakhpur, the United gathering in Mangarh hill so Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). On unnerved the British that they sent 23 August 1942, approximately 25000 their own troops along with those of people gathered during the ìQuit the States to lay siege on Mangarh 234 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

hill and disperse the gathering. On Uprising of 1857; he died in 1857 in 17 November 1913 the combined the course of an engagement with the troops attacked the Bhil position and British army. [Mutiny Records, the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Basta, Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did UPRAA] not give up till many of them were injured, 900 captured and 25, Gholam Abbas: Resident of Atrowlee, including Ghiru, killed. The incident Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- did awaken the tribesmen so much Western Provinces (now Uttar that Motilal Tejawat had not found Pradesh); Syud [Syed]; he played a it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- leading part in the Uprising of 1857 22 against forced labour and high rate and also rallied his neighbourhood of land revenue. [F/Poll Proc to rise against the British rule; he led (Internal-A), Nos. 8-67, March 1914; the rebel forces and fought the British Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; at several places; he was caught by BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 the British after the defeat of the (referred in connection with the rebels and charged with ëleading the incident)] rebels, sedition and plundering the Government property during the Ghisooah: Belonged to Allahabad, the rebellioní; he was sentenced to death North-Western Provinces (now Uttar in 1858 and executed by hanging. Pradesh); he was a Chowkidar [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny [Chaukidar] under the British, but left Basta, UPRAA] it to join the rebel forces in their fighting against the British during the Gholam Alie: Resident of Furruckabad Uprising of 1857; he also took part in [Farrukhabad], the North-Western plundering British properties and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took supplying their proceeds to the rebels part in the Uprising of 1857 when it for meeting their military expenses; broke out in the Farrukhabad region; he was caught by the British at the he also prompted his neighbours to time of their attacks on the rebels in join in the fighting against the British Allahabad, and accused of having and plundering their properties; ëplundered and rebellion against the caught by the British soldiers during Britishí; he was sentenced to death an engagement, he was hanged on 8 in July 1857 and executed by November 1858 for ëtaking part in the hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, rebellion and inciting others for ití. Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.206] [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Gholam Abbas: Belonged to Muzaffarnagar, the North-Wesern Gholam Allee: Belonged to Rohilkhand, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Uttar Pradesh; he was a Sepoy in the fought against the British at several 62nd Native Infantry of the British- places in Muzaffarnagar during the Indian army; he shifted his loyalty Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 235

to the ëHindustanií forces during the rebels of his area during the Uprising Uprising of 1857, and fought against of 1857, and fought the British forces the British in the Rohilkhand region; on several occasions; caught by the he was captured by the British at the British in the course of an time of their re-occupation of the area engagement, he was accused of charged with ëmurder and rebellioní, ëplundering the British property and he was sentenced to death in July rebellion against the Britishí; he was 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. sentenced to death and hanged in (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Gholam Hoosein: Resident of Srs.), UPRAA] Moradabad, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Ghoolam Allee Khan: Resident of joined hands with the rebel forces Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] during the Uprising of 1857; he took Province (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in attacking the British and part in the Uprising of 1857; fought plundering their properties; in the against the British troops in Lucknow course of fighting, he was caught by on various occasions and also the British forces and tried for participated in looting British ëplundering and rebellioní; sentenced properties; he was caught by the to death, he was reported to have enemy during their re-occupation of been executed on 16 May 1859. the region and sentenced to death in [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl 1858 on the charges of ëlooting, Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] plundering and rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Gholam Khan: Hailed from Bareilly, Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces soon after the outbreak of the Ghoolam Ghaus: Resident of Jhansi, 1857 Uprising; along with his fellow Uttar Pradesh; he was master gunner rebels, he marched towards Delhi in the army of Maharani Lakshmi Bai while fighting against the British of Jhansi; he fought valiantly in forces; he escaped to his region after several armed engagements with the the British re-occupation of Delhi in British during the Uprising of 1857; September 1857; he died in 1858 while he was killed while fighting in resisting the advancing British army defence of Jhansi against the in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny advancing British army in June 1858. Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny (1858-59), UPSAL] Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.45]

Ghoochur: Resident of Bhudhohee, Ghoorba: Resident of Munwan, Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Pradesh); Aheer; he fought the 236 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

British forces on several occasions in Ghulam Ahmad (Maulana): Hailed from Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; Mohallah Mir Sahib, distt. Baramulla, he was caught by the British army at Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Abdul the time of their re-occupation of the Gaffar. He participated in the Ghazipur region, and executed by political movement for responsible hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, government in Jammu and Kashmir Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] State. He joined a demonstration at Baramulla against the autocratic rule Ghorain Singh: Resident of of the Maharaja in 1934. When the Shahjehanpore [Shahjahanpur], the rallyists had been fired upon by the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar State Armyís soldiers, Ghulam Pradesh); he joined the anti-British Ahmad was killed on the spot. [File forces and fought against the British No. V; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar] during the Rising of 1857; he also provided financial support to the local Ghulam Ahmad Dar: Belonged to rebels and incited others to take part Mohallah Naushadra, distt. Srinagar, in the rebellion; he was caught by the Jammu and Kashmir. A participant British soldiers in the midst of a in the political campaign for combat and charged with ëaiding and responsible government in Jammu abetting the rebellion against the and Kashmir State, he joined the Britishí; sentenced to transportation demonstration outside the Central for life in 1859, he died in prison Jail in Srinagar to protest against the before his sentence began. [Mutiny detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) (arrested on 25 June 1931), a NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] prominent leader of the movement. When the demonstrators waited Ghosee: Resident of Humeerpoor outside the jail, five of them were [Hamirpur], the North-Western unprovokedly arrested by the police Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he at the instance of the Governor. The joined hands with the rebel forces high-handed arrests so infuriated the during the Uprising of 1857 and demonstrators that they began to fought against the British forces at raise anti-government slogans, various places in the Hamirpur demanded the immediate release of region; he was captured in course of their leader, and also sought the an encounter with the advancing permission for watching the British army in Hamirpur, and proceedings of his trial. Instead of charged with ëmurder and rebellion giving permission, the Governor against the Britishí; he was sentenced (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to to death with confiscation of his open fire on them. Ahmad Dar property in 1859 and executed by received severe bullet wounds in the hanging. [Mutiny Records, police firing on 13 July 1931and Hamirpur, Bundle No. 4, UPRAA] succumbed to those injuries on the same day at the age of 50. [File No. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 237

V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; The on 23 September 1931 to register their Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88-89; protest against the arrest of Sheikh KFFF, pp. 373-9; FSK, pp. 48] Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the movement for Ghulam Ahmad Kalbaf Butt: Resident responsible government ñ he took of Mohallah Fateh Kadal, distt. part in a protest demonstration Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. A organized at Shopian (Anantnag). participant in the political movement While the vociferous procession was for responsible government in Jammu moving on, the State military force and Kashmir State, he joined the intervened to stop it. In the ensuing demonstration outside the Central clash between the two, the military Jail in Srinagar to protest against the force suddenly opened detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan indiscriminate firing on the rallyists (arrested on 25 June 1931) ñ a in which Ghulam Ahmad Malik was prominent leader of the agitation. killed on the spot at the age of 50. When the demonstrators waited [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, outside the jail, five of them were Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; WWIM, II, suddenly arrested by the police at the p. 181; HMKJAMH, p. 327] instance of the Governor (Trilok Chand). The arrests so infuriated the Ghulam Ahmad Rather: Resident of demonstrators that they began to Mohallah Naushadra, distt. Srinagar, raise anti-government slogans, Jammu and Kashmir. Taking part in demanded the immediate release of the political movement for their leader, and also sought the responsible government in Jammu permission for watching the and Kashmir State, he joined the proceedings of the trial. Instead of demonstration outside the Central giving permission, the Governor Jail in Srinagar on 13 July 1931 to ordered the police to open fire on protest against the detention of them. In the police firing Ghulam Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 Ahmad Kalbaf was killed on the spot June 1931), a prominent leader of the on 13 July 1931at the age of 32. [File agitation. When the demonstrators No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; waited outside the jail, five of them GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. 48, 73; The Hindu, were suddenly arrested by the police 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. at the instance of the Governor. The 373-9; WWIM, II, p.2; FSK, p. 71; arrests so infuriated the HMKJAMH, p. 323] demonstrators that they began to raise anti-government slogans, Ghulam Ahmad Malik alias Ahad demanded the immediate release of Zargar: Born in 1881 in distt. their leader, and also sought the Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu and permission for watching the Kashmir; s/o Habib Malik; proceedings of the trial. Instead of Goldsmith. When the people of giving permission, the Governor Islamabad observed a complete hartal (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to 238 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

open fire on them. Ahmad Rather (1858), MSAB] received fatal wounds in the firing and died on the same day at the age Ghulam Ghaus Khan: Resident of Pir of 30. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Gate, Mirapur, Muzaffarnagar, the Srinagar; GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. 48, 73; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88- Pradesh); joined the rebel forces of 89; KFFF, pp. 373-9] his village against the British soon after the outbreak of the Uprising of Ghulam Ahmad Zev: Resident of distt. 1857; he was caught by the British Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu and troops during an engagement and Kashmir. When the people of charged with ëmurder and rebellion Islamabad observed a complete hartal against the Britishí; he was sentenced on 23 September 1931 to register their to death and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny protest against the arrest of Sheikh Records, Abst. Proc. Judl. Deptt. Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent NWP, Vol.74 (1858), UPSAL; WWIM, leader of the movement for III, p.46] responsible government ñ he took part in the protest demonstration Ghulam Hasan Khan: Born in 1913 in organized at Shopian (Islamabad). distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. While the procession was moving on A carpet-weaver by occupation, he vociferously, the State military force was an activist in the National intervened to stop it. In the ensuing Conference-led movement for clash between the two, the military responsible government in Jammu force suddenly opened and Kashmir. He participated in 1946 indiscriminate firing on the rallyists in a demonstration to protest against in which Ghulam Ahmad Zev was the Maharajaís autocratic rule at the killed on the spot at the age of 36. Khankah-i-Mualla in Srinagar. When [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, the State Army opened fire on the Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10] demonstrators, Ghulam Hasan Khan was hit and died then and there. [File Ghulam Ali: Born in the North-Western No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he EBIFF, Vol.1, p.294; WWIM, II, p.96; took part in the fighting against the HMKJAMH, p.326] British during the Uprising of 1857 and also incited his neighbourhood Ghulam Hussain Malik: Belonged to to join the struggle and overthrow distt. Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu the British rule; he proceeded to and Kashmir; s/o Shahid Ghulam Delhi, joined the rebel army there, Ahmad Malik. When the people of and fought the British at different Islamabad observed a complete hartal places; he died while resisting the on 23 September 1931 to register their advancing British troops in Delhi in protest against the arrest of Sheikh 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll. No.57, Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) leader of the movement for Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 239

responsible government ñ he took in distt. Srinagar, Jammu and part in the protest demonstration Kashmir; s/o Samad Butt. A organized at Shopian (Anantnag). committed political worker, he While the vociferous procession was played a significant role in organizing moving on, the State military force the political movement for intervened to stop it. In the ensuing responsible government in his native scuffle between the two, the military place in Jammu and Kashmir. He was force suddenly opened indiscrimi- arrested by the Maharajaís police and nate firing on the rallyists in which detained in 1932. He died as a result Ghulam Hussain Malik was killed on of severe caning during his the spot. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, confinement in the Kothi Bagh police J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; station in Srinagar. [File No. IV, 8; WWIM, II, pp. 182; HMKJAMH, p. MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, 327] Vol.1, p.114; WWIM, II, pp.51-52; HMKJAMH, p. 323] Ghulam Hussain: Born in 1915 in v. Fatuchogan, distt. Jammu, Jammu Ghulam Mohammad Halwai: Born in and Kashmir; s/o Allah Datta; He 1906 in distt. Srinagar, Jammu and actively participated in a Kashmir; s/o Rahmat Halwai. A demonstration in connection with the participant in the political movement Roti Agitation (demanding for for responsible government in Jammu cheaper food) on 23 September 1943 and Kashmir State, he joined the in Jammu. He was killed on the spot demonstration outside the Central when the State police opened fire on Jail in Srinagar to protest against the the demonstrators. [File No. V, 8; detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp. (arrested on 25 June 1931), a 442-45; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.294; WWIM, prominent leader of the agitation. II, p.97; FSK, p. 71; HMKJAMH, p.324] When the demonstrators waited outside the jail, five of them were Ghulam Khan: Belonged to Banda, the suddenly arrested by the police at the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar instance of the Governor. The arrests Pradesh); he participated in the so infuriated the demonstrators that Uprising of 1857, and accompanied they began to raise anti-government the rebels on various occasions in slogans, demanded the immediate plundering and seizing the British release of their leader, and also property/treasury in the Banda sought the permission for watching region; he died in 1858 while fighting the proceedings of the trial. Instead against an advancing British army in of giving permission, the Governor Banda. [Mutiny Records, Banda (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, open fire on them. In the police firing Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Ghulam Mohammad Halwai was killed on the spot on 13 July 1931at Ghulam Mohammad Butt: Born in 1907 the age of 25. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, 240 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

J&KSA, Srinagar; GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. proceedings of the trial. Instead of 48, 73; The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, giving permission, the Governor pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. 373-9; (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to HMKJAMH, p.324] open fire on them. In the police firing Ghulam Mohammad Naqash was Ghulam Mohammad Khan: Born in 1906 killed on the spot on 13 July 1931at in Pulwama, distt. Islamabad the age of 22. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, (Anantnag), Jammu and Kashmir; s/ J&KSA, Srinagar; GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. o Amir Khan. He took active part in 48, 73; The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, a rally held at Pulwama (Anantnag) pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. 373-9; WWIM, II, in February 1934 to protest against p.96; HMKJAMH, p.326] the autocratic rule of the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir and to Ghulam Mohammad Soofi: Resident of demand responsible government. Mohallah Dari Bal, distt. Srinagar, When the State Army soldiers opened Jammu and Kashmir. A participant fire on the rallyists, he was killed in in the political movement for the firing on the same day. [File No. responsible government in Jammu V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, and Kashmir State, he joined the Vol.1, p. 295; WWIM, II, p. 97; demonstration outside the Central HMKJAMH, p.326] Jail in Srinagar to protest against the detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan Ghulam Mohammad Naqash: Born 1909 (arrested on 25 June 1931), a in Mohallah Kani Kadal, distt. prominent leader of the agitation. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o When the demonstrators waited Sultan Naqash, a wood-carver by outside the jail, five of them were profession. Participating in the suddenly arrested by the police at the political movement for responsible instance of the Governor. The arrests government in Jammu and Kashmir so infuriated the demonstrators that State, he joined the demonstration they began to raise anti-government outside the Central Jail in Srinagar slogans, demanded the immediate to protest against the detention of release of their leader, and also Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 sought the permission for watching June 1931), a prominent leader of the the proceedings of the trial. Instead agitation. When the demonstrators of giving permission, the Governor waited outside the jail, five of them (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to were suddenly arrested by the police open fire on them. In the police firing at the instance of the Governor. Ghulam Mohammad Soofi received These arrests so infuriated the fatal bullet wounds on 13 July demonstrators that they began to 1931and died of it at the age of 20. raise anti-government slogans, [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, demanded the immediate release of Srinagar; The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, their leader, and also sought the pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. 373-9; FSK, p. 48; permission for watching the WWIM, II, p. 309; HMKJAMH, p. 330] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 241

Ghulam Mohammad: Born in 1898 in agitation. When the demonstrators Pulwama, distt. Islamabad waited outside the jail, five of them (Anantnag), Jammu and Kashmir; s/ were unprovokedly arrested by the o Ghulam Rasool. He actively partici- police at the instruction of the pated in the political movement for Governor (Trilok Chand). The arrests responsible government in Jammu so infuriated the demonstrators that and Kashmir State. He was killed at they began to raise anti-government Pulwama on 5 January 1933 while the slogans, demanded the immediate anti-autocracy procession he was release of their leader, and also taking part had come under the State sought the permission for watching Armyís firing. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, the proceedings of the trial. Instead J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.295; of giving permission, the Governor WWIM, II, p.97; HMKJAMH, p.326] ordered the police to open fire on them. In the police firing Ghulam Ghulam Mohammed Teli: Born in 1886 Nabi Kalawal was killed on the spot in Nowshera, distt. Srinagar, Jammu on 13 July 1931 at the age of 27. [File and Kashmir; s/o Ghulam Rasool No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; Teli. An oil merchant by occupation, GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. 48, 73; The Hindu, he joined the procession held at 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. Nowshera demonstrating against the 373-9; WWIM, II, p.140] autocratic rule of the Dogra Raja and demanding responsible government Ghulam Nabi Shawal: Born in 1922 in for the subjects in Jammu and distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; Kashmir State in 1931. When the s/o Qadir Shawal. A shopkeeper and protesters were fired upon by State a committed political worker of the Army soldiers Ghulam Mohammad National Conference, he played a Teli was killed in the firing on the significant role in the political spot. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, movement for responsible Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.97; EBIFF, I, government in Jammu and Kashmir p. 295; FSK, pp. 48-49; HMKJAMH, State. He was arrested in 1946 on the p.324] charge of taking part in the movement against the Maharaja in Ghulam Nabi Kalawal: Born in 1902 in 1946. He died in detention in the Mohallah Pandan, distt. Srinagar, Central Jail of Srinagar in the same Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Abdul year. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Kalwal. Participating in the political Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.298; movement for responsible HMKJAMH, p. 322] government in Jammu and Kashmir State, he joined the demonstration Ghulam Qadir Ganai: Born in 1896 in outside the Central Jail in Srinagar distt. Baramulla, Jammu and to protest against the detention of Kashmir; s/o Mohammad Ganai; Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 Butcher. He was arrested by the State June 1931), a prominent leader of the police on the charge of participating 242 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

in the political movement for s/o Ahmed Hakroo. A boatman by responsible government in Jammu profession and an activist in the and Kashmir. Taking him into movement for responsible govern- custody, the police flogged him to ment in Jammu and Kashmir, he death on the same day at Baramulla joined the rally taken out against the in 1934. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, Maharajaís autocratic rule in 1931. J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.226; When the rallyists were fired upon WWIM, II, p.91] by the State police near the Jama Masjid in Srinagar, he was killed in Ghulam Qadir Khan: Belonged to this random firing shouting slogan Mohallah Bahandin, distt. Srinagar, against the Maharaja. [File No. IV, 8; Jammu and Kashmir. Taking part in MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, the political movement for Vol.1, p.400] responsible government in Jammu and Kashmir State, he joined the Ghulam Rasool Sheikh: Born in 1903 in demonstration outside the Central distt. Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu Jail in Srinagar to protest against the and Kashmir; s/o Qadir Sheikh. detention of Abdul Qadeer Khan When the people of Islamabad (arrested on 25 June 1931) ñ a observed a complete hartal on 23 prominent leader of the agitation. September 1931 to register their When the demonstrators waited protest against the arrest of Sheikh outside the jail, five of them were Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent suddenly arrested by the police at the leader of the movement for instance of the Governor. The arrests responsible government ñ he (a so infuriated the demonstrators that tailor) took part in the protest they began to raise anti-government demonstration organized at Shopian slogans, demanded the immediate (Anantnag). While the vociferous release of their leader, and also procession was moving on, the State sought the permission for watching military force intervened to stop it ñ the proceedings of the trial. Instead to the resentment of the protestors. of giving permission, the Governor In the ensuing clash between the two, (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to the military force suddenly opened open fire on them. In the police firing indiscriminate firing on the rallyists on 13 July 1931 Ghulam Qadir Khan in which Ghulam Rasool Sheikh was was fatally wounded and died of killed on the spot at the age of 28. injuries on that very day at the age [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, of 22. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; WWIM, II, Srinagar; The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, pp. 299-300; HMKJAMH, p. 329] pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. 373-9; FSK, pp. 48; HMKJAMH, p.326] Ghulam Rasool Wani: Born in 1872 in v. Barasipora, distt. Baramulla, Ghulam Rasool Hakroo: Born in 1903 in Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Maqsood distt. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; Wani. A farmer and a participant in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 243

the movement for responsible Ghulam Rasul Dora/Bakro: Resident of government, he joined a protest rally Mohallah Gotapura, distt. Srinagar, at Hindwara to protest against the Jammu and Kashmir. Taking part in Maharajaís autocratic rule in the the political movement for Jammu and Kashmir State. When the responsible government in Jammu demonstrators were fired upon by and Kashmir State, he joined the the State Army in February 1932, he demonstration outside the Central was killed in the indiscriminate firing Jail in Srinagar on 13 July 1931 to on the spot. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, protest against the detention of J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.347] Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 June 1931), a prominent leader of the Ghulam Rasul Dar: Hailed from Mohallah agitation. When the demonstrators Ahmad Kadal, distt. Srinagar, Jammu waited outside the jail, five of them and Kashmir. Participating in the were suddenly arrested by the police political movement for responsible at the instance of the Governor government in Jammu and Kashmir (Trilok Chand). The arrests so State, he joined the demonstration infuriated the protesters that they outside the Central Jail in Srinagar began to raise anti-government to protest against the detention of slogans, demanded the immediate Abdul Qadeer Khan (arrested on 25 release of their leader, and also June 1931), a prominent leader of the sought the permission for watching agitation. When the demonstrators his trial proceedings. Instead of waited outside the jail, five of them giving permission, the Governor were arrested by the police without ordered the police to open fire on provocation at the instance of the them. Ghulam Rasul Dora/ Bakro Governor. The arrests so infuriated received fatal wounds in the firing the demonstrators that they began and died on the same day at the age to raise anti-government slogans, of 27. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, demanded the immediate release of Srinagar; The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, their leader, and also sought the pp.88-89; KFFF, pp. 373-9; FSK, pp. permission for watching the 48] proceedings of the trial. Instead of giving permission, the Governor Ghulam Shah: Resident of Humeerpoor (Trilok Chand) ordered the police to [Hamirpur], the North-Western open fire on them. In the police firing Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Ghulam Rasul Darzi was killed on the participated in the Uprising of 1857 spot on 13 July 1931at the age of 23. and fought against the British forces [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, at various places in the Hamirpur Srinagar; GCR, c.f. FSK, pp. 48, 73; region; he was captured during the The Hindu, 28 July 1931; AC, pp.88- British re-occupation of the 89; KFFF, pp. 373-9; HMKJAMH, p. Hamirpur area, and charged with 324] ëplundering and rebellion against the Britishí, he was sentenced to death 244 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

with confiscation of property in 1858 Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the and hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny Contingent Guards of the Agra Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, Central Prison; he left the British UPRAA] service during the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands with the rebels of Ghuman Singh: Resident of v. Bilali, the Agra region; he assisted the rebel (teh.) Bansoor, Alwar State (now forces in several armed confronta- distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency tions in the Agra-Mathura area; he (now Rajasthan); Rajput. He was killed by the advancing British participated in the kisan agitatorsí army at the time its raids on the meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra May 1925 to remonstrate against the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Maharajaís mal-administration and Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] his land settlement policy of 1923-24. In this settlement the Biswedari rights Ghumroo: Hailed from Unnao, the of the Rajputs were forfeited and the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar land revenue had been increased by Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces fifty per cent. Though all agricultu- soon after the outbreak of the 1857 rists were affected adversely by it, Uprising; along with his fellow the Rajputs suffered the most. rebels, he marched towards Delhi Hearing the news of this gathering, while fighting against the British the Maharaja sent his State Army to forces; he escaped to his region after counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. the British re-occupation of Delhi in The troops surrounded the village, September 1857; he died in 1858 while blocked all the escape routes from it resisting the advancing British army and opened fire on the protesters in the Unnao region. [Mutiny without any prior warning of Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, dispersal. Many of the agitators, UPRAA] including Ghuman Singh, received severe gun shots in the indiscriminate Ghunu Singh: Resident of Belaunja, the firing and Ghuman Singh died of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar these. Simultaneously, the village Pradesh); s/o Bustee Rai; Bhaut; he was also set on fire by the State was under the service of the 23rd troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 Regiment Native Infantry of the of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June British army but left the service and 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta joined the Uprising of 1857; he was No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November caught by the British and charged 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, with ëdesertion and mutinyí; he was F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] sentenced to death and executed on 9 July 1857. [Mutiny Record, Ghummoo: Belonged to Gutteah, Agra, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Sweeper; he was a Ghure Jogi: Resident of v. Tarauli, distt. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 245

Mathura, the United Provinces (now 1859, and his property was also Uttar Pradesh). During the ìQuit confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Indiaî movement, a protest Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), demonstration was taken out to UPSAL] show public resentment against the British rule. An active participant in Gian Singh Bisht: Resident of the demonstration, he was arrested Uttaranchal, enrolled in the Azad when it headed for seizing the Thana. Hind Fauz (Indian National Army) as While serving a sentence in jail he fell a Lieutenant, posted in Burma (now ill under unhygienic circumstances, Myanmar) to confront the British, and was taken to the hospital where and moving towards the Imphal he died in 1942. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/ front, he and his men were sent to 30/42, NAI; SSKS, 25, p. bha] occupy a strategic hill near the Indo- Burma border; engaged in a fierce- Ghuttra: Belonged to Jhansi State, Uttar fighting with the British troops for Pradesh; s/o Govind Dass; about two hours, they succeeded in agricultural labourer; joined the anti- forcing the enemy to evacuate from British rebel forces during the its position on 16 March 1945; Uprising of 1857 in Jhansi; involved causalities on both sides were heavy in the rebellion of the Kudhmaha, and Gian Singh, with more than forty Elaqua and Gwalior areas; he was INA soldiers, lost his life in the battle. arrested by the British troops at the [INA Papers, F.Nos.379/INA (1946); time of their recovery of this area and NAI; WWIM, II, p.43] charged with ësedition, aiding and abetting the rebellioní, he was Gian Singh: Resident of the Garhwal executed in April 1858. [Mutiny Division, the United Provinces (now papers, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Uttarakhand); he was a Lance-Naik Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the MSAB] British-Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty to the Indian National Army Ghuzenffur Hossein Khan: Belonged to in 1942 and served it as Naik in the Furrukhabad [Farukhabad], the Ist Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting North-Western Provinces (now Uttar against the Allied forces in Burma Pradesh); he joined hands with the (now Myanmar) he was killed in the rebel forces in Farukhabad during battle field in 1944. [INA Papers, the Uprising of 1857; he incited F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA (1946), NAI; others to join the fight against the WWIM, II, p.98] British and also provided them with financial help; he was caught by the Giany: Born in the Oudh [Awadh] British troops and sentenced to death Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he on the charges of ëtreason, murder joined hands with the rebel forces in and rebellion against the British their fight against the British during authorityí; he was executed in July the Uprising of 1857; he was captured 246 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

by the British troops during an Regiment of the British-Indian Army; encounter in his village, and executed in 1942, he shifted his loyalty to the by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Indian National Army and served it Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- as soldier in the 3rd Guerrilla 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.46] Regiment; he fought against the British led Allied Forces on the Gilli Ram: Resident of v. Chandan, p.o. Burma (now Myanmar) front, he Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State died in the battlefield in 1944. [INA (now in distt. Karauli), the Rajputana Papers, F.No.498/INA (1945), NAI; Agency (now Rajasthan); previously WWIM, II, p.99] he was employed as Sepoy in the 1/ 8 Punjab Regiment of the British- Girdharee: Resident of Agra, the North- Indian Army; he left it to join the Western Provinces (now Uttar Indian National Army where he Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy served as Sepoy in the 2nd Guerrilla in the B. Company of the British- Regiment; he fought against the Indian army; he left the British Allied Forces on the Burma (now service during the Uprising of 1857 Myanmar) front and died fighting the and joined hands with the rebels for enemy in 1944. [INA Papers, fighting against the British rule; he F.No.498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, was caught in 1858 while resisting the II, pp.98-99] British forces, and sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion Ginnon: Belonged to Allahabad, the and mutiny against the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Pradesh); he joined hands with the Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. rebels in fighting the British forces Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] during the Uprising of 1857; he also incited the local people to attack the Girdharee: Resident of the Oudh British and plunder their properties; [Awadh] Province (now Uttar he was caught by the British troops Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy at the time of their raids on the in the A. Company of the British- Allahabad region, and convicted on Indian army; he left the British the charges of ërobbery and rebellion service during the Uprising of 1857 against the Britishí; sentenced to and fought against the British at death in July 1857, he was executed several places; he died in 1858 while by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, resisting the advancing British forces. Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.215] [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Giraj Singh: Hailed from v. Jailgaon, (1858-59), UPSAL] p.o. Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State (now in distt. Karauli), Girdhari Lal: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar he served as Sepoy in the 1/8 Punjab Pradesh); he took part in the armed Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 247

resistance against the firangi-hukumat he was sentenced to life (British rule) during the Uprising of imprisonment with confiscation of 1857 and fought the British forces at property in 1859; he died in captivity. different places in the Lucknow [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny region; he was killed by the British Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 army in an encounter at Bailley (IX) (1858), MSAB] Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Girwar Singh: Born in 1831, Rahatgarh, Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Saugor (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o (1858), UPSAL] Dev Singh; during the Uprising of 1857, joined the rebel forces under Girdhari: Resident of distt. Benaras the leadership of Nawab Fazil Ali (Varanasi), the United Provinces Mohammad Khan at Rahatgarh; (now Uttar Pradesh). He was fought against Hugh Roseís British arrested for participating in a force who came to re-occupy the demonstration taken out in Rahatgarh fort in January 1958; connection with the ìQuit Indiaî captured in the encounter and tried movement. He was inhumanly for anti-British role, Girwar Singh tortured in the jail by the police and was executed by hanging in the front died there in August 1942. [H/poll gate of Rahatgarh fort on 29 January F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.114] 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. III, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), Giriraj Singh: Born in v. Jailgaon, distt. MSAB] Jaipur, Rajasthan; he was a soldier in the 1/8 Punjab Regiment of the Girwur Singh: Resident of Shahjehanpor British-Indian Army; later he shifted [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western his loyalty to the newly established Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Indian National Army in 1942 and Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy served as a soldier in its 3rd Guerrilla in the B. Company of the British- Regiment; he was killed in action Indian army; he left the British while resisting the British forces in service during the Uprising of 1857 Burma (now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA and joined hands with the rebels for Papers, File No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, fighting against the British rule; he II, p.99] was caught in 1858 while encountering the British forces, and Girund: Resident of Humeerpoor sentenced to death on the charges of [Hamirpur], the North-Western ëdesertion and mutiny against the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, joined the Uprising of 1857 and NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; incited others to fight against the Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), British forces; he was caught by the UPSAL] advancing British army, and charged with ërebellion against the Britishí; Gobind Singh: Resident of Banda, the 248 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

North-Western Provinces (now Uttar in the Kanpur region in 1857. [Mutiny Pradesh); he took part in the Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, Uprising of 1857 and fought against UPRAA] the British on various occasions in the Banda region; he also incited the local Gokul Brahmin: Resident of Didonia, people to plunder and seize the Bijawar State, the Central India British property/treasury, and pass Agency (now Madhya Pradesh); took the contents on to the rebels for part in agitations against the Bijawar meeting their military expenses; he State Durbarís exorbitant land was captured by the British troops revenue exaction from the peasants. during their re-occupation of the Inspired by the peasant mobilization Banda region, and charged with in the neighbouring Chhatarpur ëplundering the Government State, he rallied about 150 peasants property and rebellion with around him and took them to the violenceí; he was sentenced to death Magistrate of Rampura to vent out with confiscation of property in June their grievances. The Magistrate 1858 and hanged soon thereafter. responded by ordering the police to [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny open fire on them. The firing resulted Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 in a number of deaths and injuries, (X) (1858), MSAB] and it killed Gokul on the spot. [JBDR, pp.44-45] Gobind: Resident of Aulumgung [Alamganj], Agra, the North- Golab Singh: Resident of Bulandshahar, Western Provinces (now Uttar the North-Western Provinces (now Pradesh); he was a Naick [Naik] in Uttar Pradesh); participated in the the A. Company of the British-Indian Uprising of 1857 and fought British army; he left the British service authorities; he was arrested by the during the Uprising of 1857 and British forces in the course an fought against the British at several engagement and put on trial on the places; he died in 1858 while resisting charge of ërebellion against the the advancing British forces. [Mutiny British authorityí; sentenced to Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, imprisonment for life, he died in Jail UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- in 1859 while undergoing 59), UPSAL] imprisonment. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- Gokool Chund: Belonged to Kanpur, the 59), UPSAL] North-Western Provinces (now uttar pradesh); he joined hands with the Golam Russool Khan: Resident of rebels of his area during the Uprising Bijnaur, the North-Western of 1857, and also incited the local Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); people to take up arms and attack the earlier he was a Sawar in the British- firangis (British); he was killed while Indian Army, but left it during the resisting the advancing British army Uprising of 1857 for taking part in Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 249

fighting the British troops in the Gadarwara, distt. Betul, the Central Delhi-Haryana region; he was caught Provinces and Berar (now Madhya by the British forces and convicted Pradesh); s/o Raoji Seth; retailer. He of ëdesertion and mutiny against the participated in the ìQuit Indiaî British authorityí; sentenced to movement from Chicholi, arrested death, he was executed by hanging there on 21 August 1942 and put in at Jhajar in 1857. [Mutiny Records, the Nagpur District Jail, he died in Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.), F.No.3 detention in 1943. [PCJ Papers, Acc. (1858), HSAP] No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; MPSSZB, EBIFF, p.312] Golam Sufder Khan: Belonged to Gwalior, (now in Madhya Pradesh); Gona Purangwa: Resident of Chhatarpur Mughal; he went to Delhi and took state, the Central India Agency (now part in fighting against the British at Madhya Pradesh). Took part in the the time of the Uprising of 1857; he anti-state peasantsí movement was caught by the British during their against the atrocities and feudal re-occupation of Delhi in September exactions in Chhatarpur state. 1857, charged with ërebellion against Attended the peasantsí meeting at the Britishí; he was sentenced to Singpur village (Charanpaduka death and executed by hanging on 8 compound) on 15 January 1931. The January 1858. [Mutiny Records, Judl. combined forces of the State and the Deptt. (Delhi Div.), F.No.3 (1858), British Indian Army raided the HSAP] meeting place and opened fire on the gathering; it killed 7 persons, Golami: Hailed from Allahabad, the including Gona Parangwa, and 26 North-Western Provinces (now Uttar others left wounded. [F/Poll; F. Pradesh); he participated in fighting No.230 (1931); H/Poll; F.Nos.12-14 the British forces in Allahabad- (1931); 2 (41) (1931); 18-XII (1930); 18- Fatehpur area during the Uprising of 31 (1931), NAI; CDG p.247-49] 1857; he also incited the local people to plunder and seize the British Gonda: Resident of Kherwara in wealth; he was caught by the British Udaipur (Mewar) State (now distt. troops in the course of their raids on Udaipur), the Rajputana Agency (now the Allahabad region, and charged Rajasthan); took part in the Bhagat with ërobbery and rebellion against Bhil movement in southern Rajasthan the Britishí; he was sentenced to that Govindgiri started in 1907, death with confiscation of property preaching monotheism among the in July 1857 and executed by hanging Bhils and Kolis of Dungarpur and soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, PP, Banswara States. Soon Govindgiriís Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.215] socio-religious endeavour changed into a politico-economic movement, Golman Seth: Born in 1897, resident of against the extraction of Begar (forced Chichli (now Chicholi) teh. labour) and exploitation of the Bhils 250 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

by the petty officials of the administration and his land Dungarpur and Banswara States and settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Sunth (a small state in Gujarat). settlement the Biswedari rights of the Gonda was one among those Rajputs were forfeited and the land thousands of Bhagat Bhils who tax had been increased by fifty per joined this movement and warned cent. Though all agriculturists were the Dungarpur and Banswara rulers affected adversely by it, the Rajputs in the first week of November 1913, suffered the most. Hearing the news either to remove the main grievance of the gathering of the peasant of the Bhils or to face the agitators, the Maharaja sent his State overthrowing of the Statesí authority Army to confront the rallyists at to oppress and ill-treat them. The Neemuchana. The troops militancy of the Bhils and their surrounded the village, blocked all gathering in Mangarh hill so the escape routes from it and opened unnerved the British that they sent fire on the protesters without any their own troops along with those of prior warning. Many of the agitators, the States to lay siege on Mangarh including Goodha, received severe hill and disperse the gathering. On gun shots in the indiscriminate firing 17 November 1913 the combined and Goodha Singh died of these. troops attacked the Bhil position and Simultaneously, the village was also the tribesmen resisted shouting ëëJai set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Guru Govind Maharajíí. They did Judl. F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; not give up till many of them were TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; injured, 900 captured and 25, Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, including Gonda, killed. The incident F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, did awaken the tribesmen so much RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, that Motilal Tejawat had not found F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] it difficult to mobilise them in 1921- 22 against forced labour and high rate Goolab Khan: Resident of the Nimar of land revenue. [F/Poll. Proc. region, Madhya Pradesh; he fought (Internal-A), Nos 8-67, March 1914; against the British forces at several Nos.18-22, August 1914, NAI; places during the Uprising of 1857; BMBSR, pp.20-21, 30-31, 39-41, 45-47 he was caught by the British in one (referred in connection with the of their raids on the rebel forces in incident)] the Nimar region, accused of ëmurder and rebellioní; he was sentenced to Goodha Singh: Resident of teh. transportation for life in 1858; he died Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. in captivity in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now Judl Deptt. Vol. 32 (1860), MSAB; Rajasthan); Rajput. He took part in WWIM, III, p. 43] the kisan meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to remonstrate Goolab Shah: Resident of Bhopal, against the Maharajaís oppressive Madhya Pradesh; he joined hands Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 251

with the rebels during the Uprising uttar pradesh); he took part in the of 1857 and fought the British and Uprising of 1857 and also motivated the allied forces at several places in others to rise against the firangi- Bhopal; he also took part in the hukumat (British rule); he marched on defence of the Rahatgarh fort against to Delhi, joined hands with the rebels the British army; he was caught by there and fought the British troops; the British after the fall of the fort he died while encountering the and executed by hanging on 25 advancing British army in Delhi in February 1858. [Mutiny papers, Vol. September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll II, NAIB] No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Goolab Singh: Resident of Jhansee [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he fought Goolab: Resident of Garhakota, Saugor against the British and participated (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he fought in the plundering of their properties against the British forces at several during the Uprising of 1857; he was places during the Uprising of 1857; caught by the British forces in the he also supplied arms to the local course of their operation against the rebels to fight the British rule; he was rebels in 1859; he was sentenced to caught in the midst of an engagement death in 1859 on the charges of by the British and executed by ëplundering, murder and rebellion hanging on 5 March 1858. [Mutiny against the Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. I, No. 43 B Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- (1859), MSAB] 59), UPSAL] Goolah Singh: Resident of Kotealah, Goolab Singh: Resident of the Oudh Agra, the North-Western Provinces [Awadh] Province (now Uttar (now Uttar Pradesh); he was a Sepoy Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was in the C. Company under the British- a Sepoy in the A. Company of the Indian army; he left his service British-Indian army; he left the during the Uprising of 1857 and British service during the Uprising joined hands with the rebels for of 1857 to join the rebels of his area fighting against the British rule; he to take part in the fight against the was caught in 1858 while confronting British rule; he fought against the the advancing British forces, and British at several places; and died in sentenced to death on the charges of 1858 while resisting the advancing ëdesertion and mutiny against the British forces. [Mutiny Records, British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] UPSAL] Goolam Ali Khan: Belonged to Agra, Goolab: Resident of Allygurh [Aligarh], the North-Western Provinces (now the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; he was a 252 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.60 Contingent Guards of the Agra (1859), MSAB] Central Prison; he left the British employment during the Uprising of Goondur Ally: Belonged to 1857 and joined the rebel forces of Mohanpoora, Gurruckpoor the Agra region; he fought the British [Gorakhpur], the North-Western on several occasions in the Agra- Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Mathura area; he was killed by the Sheikh; he joined hands with the advancing British army in the midst rebels of his area during the Uprising of its raids on the rebels position in of 1857 and fought the British on 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny several occasions; he was caught by Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 the British forces in the course of an (IX) (1858), MSAB] encounter in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Goolaub: Resident of Jugunpoor, Agra, NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Mullah; he was a Goonsaee: Hailed from v. Oorain, Sepoy in the A. Company of the Mynpoori [Mainpuri], the North- British-Indian army; he left the Western Provinces (now Uttar British service during the Uprising Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was of 1857 and fought against the British a Sepoy in the Permanent Armed at several places; he died in 1858 Guard at the Agra Central Prison; on while resisting the advancing British his being deputed at Bulandshahar forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra on escort duty, he left the British Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. service in June 1857 to participate in Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] the Uprising of 1857. Along with the other rebels, he marched towards Goomanee: Born in Gushaen, Mynpoory Delhi and joined their struggle [Mainpuri], the North-Western against the British; he died while Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o fighting against the advancing British Moolay; Thakoor [Thakur]; he took army in defence of Delhi in part in the fight against the British September 1857. [Mutiny Records, during the Uprising of 1857; he also Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny offered financial support to the Papers, Coll. No. 57, NAI] rebels of his area for buying arms and to attack the British establishments; Goordial: Resident of Shahjehanpor he was captured after the British re- [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western occupation of this area and charged Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); with ëplundering the Government Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. property and rebellion against the Company of the British-Indian army; Britishí; he was sentenced to death he left the British service during the in 1861 and executed by hanging. Uprising of 1857 to join hands with [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, the rebels of his area and fight Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 253

against the British rule; he was with the rebels of his area during the caught in 1858 while resisting the Uprising of 1857 and fought against British forces, and sentenced to the British on several occasions; he death on the charges of ëdesertion was caught by the British forces in and mutiny against the British the midst of an encounter in the authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA]

Goordut: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] Gopal Roy: Belonged to Cheterkonee, Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the A. Western Provinces (now Uttar Company of the British-Indian army; Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he he left the British service during the fought the British forces at several Uprising of 1857 and fought against places in Ghazipur during the the British at several places; he died Uprising of 1857; he also supported in 1858 while resisting the advancing the rebels financially for buying arms British forces. [Mutiny Records, to attack the British establishments; NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; he was caught by the British after Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), their re-occupation of the Ghazipur UPSAL] region, and executed by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Goordyal: Belonged to Agra, the North- Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his Gopal Singh: Resident of the Garhwal locality during the Uprising of 1857, Division, the United Provinces (now and also incited others to take part Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the in attacking the firangi-hukumat 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- (British rule); fighting the British at Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty different places in Agra, he was to the Indian National Army in 1942 caught by the British troops in an and served it as Sepoy in the Ist engagement; accused of ësedition, Bahadur Group; he fought the British murder and rebellion against the forces at several places in Burma Britishí, he was sentenced to death (now Myanmar) and died in action in 1858 with confiscation of his in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, property, and executed by hanging 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra p.101] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Gopal: Resident of Unnao, the North- Goorshoy: Belonged to Mahomedabad, Western Provinces (now Uttar Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the Pradesh); he took part in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857 and fought the Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands British forces at various places in the 254 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Unnao-Kanpur region; he also incited Diwan ñ Meghwan Bohra) to register others to attack the British their protest. As a reprisal, the State establishments and plunder their officials ordered the police to open properties; he was killed during an fire on them. Gopilal was seriously encounter with the British army in injured in the firing among many Unnao in 1857. [Mutiny Records, others, and died on the same day. Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [Sujas, No.4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, p.65] Gopi Ram: Resident of v. Budhpura, p.o. Dadri, distt. Bulandshahr, the United Goray Lal: Resident of v. Buapur, distt. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Etawah, the United Provinces (now was a Sepoy in the Punjab Regiment Uttar Pradesh); s/o Khem Lal, of the British-Indian Army before farmer. He died in police firing while shifting loyalty to the Indian National taking part in a protest rally during Army. On his joining to the INAís 3rd the ìQuit Indiaî movement in August Guerrilla Regiment as Naik, he was 1942. [H/Poll; F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; sent on the Burma front to take part WWIM, I, p.118; BCA, p. 118] in the pitched battles against the British troops. He was killed in the Goree Shunker: Resident of Kaimgung, battle field near Pyinmara, Burma Furruckabad [Farrukhabad], the (now Myanmar) in March 1945. [INA North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Papers, F. No. 403/INA, NAI; ROH, Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the B. pp. 688-689 WWIM, II, p.102] Company of the British-Indian army; he left the British service during the Gopilal Mahaeshwari: Resident of Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Bundi (city), Bundi State (now distt. with the rebel forces against the Bundi), the Rajputana Agency (now British rule; he was caught in 1858 Rajasthan). When the Bhatiyani Rani while resisting the advancing British of Bundi State died in 1931, Ramnath troops, and sentenced to death on the Kudal was asked to cut his hair and charges of ëdesertion and mutiny perform the rite of cremation as per against the British authoritiesí. the practice of Begar in the State. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Ramnath refused to cut his hair and Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP also to take part in the cremation rite (1858-59), UPSAL] as Begar. On the order of the ruler, the police arrested Ramnath, tied him Gorishankar Singh: Hailed from v. with a rope and dragged him by a Neemuchana, teh. Bansoor [Bansur], horse. Ramnath could not bear the Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the wounds and died. After his death a Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); public meeting was held in the market Shekhawat. He took part in a kisan of Bundi town, and its participants, meeting at Neemuchana on 14 May including Gopilal, marched in a 1925 to remonstrate against the procession to Mahakma Khas (office of Maharajaís mal-administration and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 255

his land settlement policy of 1923-24. the Maharaja sent his State Army to In this settlement the Biswedari rights counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. of the Rajputs were forfeited and the The troops surrounded the village, land revenue had been increased by blocked all the escape routes from it fifty per cent. Though all and opened fire on the protesters agriculturists were affected adversely without any prior warning of by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. dispersal. Goru Singh received fatal Hearing the news of this peasant bullet wounds in the indiscriminate gathering, the Maharaja sent his State firing and died on the spot. Army to counter the rallyists at Simultaneously with this firing, the Neemuchana. The troops village was set on fire by the State surrounded the village, blocked all troops. [Alwar Judl; F.No. 315-J/23 the exit points from it and opened of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June fire on the protesters without any 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta prior warning of dispersal. No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November Gorishankar Singh was seriously 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No 706, injured in the firing and died on the F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] same day. Simultaneously with this assault, the village was set on fire by Goru/Gora: Born in 1907, v. Kasmda, the State troops. [Alwar Judl; F.No. distt. Uttar Kashi, Garhwal Division, 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, United Provinces (now in 14 June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Uttarakhand); he was supportive of Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 the local agriculturistsí discontent in November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, the Tehri-Garhwal State over sudden Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), increase in land revenue and NAI] imposition of taxes on forest lands and cattle-grazing fields. The Goru Singh: Hailed from v. Gioori, teh. discontentment resulted in the arrest Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State (now of some peasant leaders on 20 May distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency 1930 in Teladi. When a village mob (now Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He gathered to oppose the arrests, the participated in a meeting of the kisan police resorted to firing on it, killing agitators held at Neemuchana on 14 two. The killings so inflamed the May 1925 to protest against the villagers that they convened a protest Maharajaís mal-administration and meeting next day (21 May) on the his land settlement policy of 1923-24. Baman Teladi maidan to give vent In this settlement the Biswedari rights to their feelings. Goru/Gora joined of the Rajputs were forfeited and the this civilian protest meeting which land revenue had been increased by was soon surrounded by the armed fifty per cent. Though all forces of the Durbar under its agriculturists were affected adversely Dewan, Chakradhar. The meeting by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. dispersed when it was fired upon by Hearing the news of this gathering, the State forces, and later on 17 of its 256 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

peasant-participants were killed near in 1860 at Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, the Jamuna river, including Goru/ Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Gora. [H/Poll; F.No. 23/54/1930, Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, II, p.103; SSKS, GD, p.1] Govind Singh: Resident of the Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Gouri Shankar Rai: Belonged to v. Uttarakhand); he was a Lance-Naik Madhubani, distt. Ballia, the United in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o British-Indian Army; shifted his Ram Brikch Rai. He took part in a loyalty to the Indian National Army demonstration marching towards in 1942 where he was posted as Naik Bairiya Police Station during the in the Ist Guerrilla Regiment; while ìQuit Indiaî movement. When the fighting against the British forces in demonstrators were fired upon by Burma (now Myanmar) he was killed the police, Gouri Shankar Rai on the battle ground in 1944. [INA received severe bullet wounds and Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA died on the spot on 18 August 1942. (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.104] [H/poll; F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 113] Govind: Born in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces under the Gouri Shankar Sonar: Born on 26 leadership of Khan Bahadur Khan January 1923 in v. Sukhpura, distt. (the rebel leader of the Rohilkhand Ballia, the United Provinces (now region), and took part in fighting Uttar Pradesh); s/o Jamuna Ram. A against the British at several places businessman by profession, he during the 1857 Uprising; he was participated in the ìQuit Indiaî caught by the advancing British army movement. He was fatally wounded and executed by hanging in 1860 at in the police firing while Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Mutiny demonstrating against the British Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), rule. He died on the spot in August NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, 1942. [H/poll; F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; pp.68.69] BCA, p. 121; WWIM, I, p.118] Gowara Sahu: Hailed from V. Kanki, Govind Singh: Resident of Bareilly, distt. Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh; s/ Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel o Upakga Gowara; educated in a local forces under the leadership of Khan school up to the primary standard; Bahadur Khan (the rebel ruler of the agriculturalist. Took a leading role Rohilkhand region) during the in the Flag Satyagraha at Nagpur in Uprising of 1857, and participated in 1923; involved in the anti-British fighting against the British forces at demonstration in Balaghat in support a number of places; he was captured of the ìQuit Indiaî movement in by the British army advancing on 1942. Arrested in August 1942; and Rohilkhand and executed by hanging sentenced to 12 monthsí imprison- Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 257

ment, he fell critically ill in the jail served it as Naik in the Ist Guerrilla and died after his release on medical Regiment; while fighting against the grounds. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, British forces in Burma (now F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; Myanmar) he died on the battle MPSSZB, EBIFF, 1, p.341] ground in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; Gowrah: Resident of Humeerpoor WWIM, II, p.105] [Hamirpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Grecee Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, joined the rebels during the Uprising Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the of 1857 and fought against the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar British; he also incited the local people Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he to raise their arms against the firangis joined hands with the rebels of his (British) and overthrow their area during the Uprising of 1857 and exploitative rule; he was killed in an fought against the British on several engagement with the British troops occasions; he was caught by the in 1858; his property was confiscated British during an encounter in the later on. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur, Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Bundle No. 4, UPRAA] 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Gowurdhan: Belonged to v. Keerwarba, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Muttra [Mathura], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Gried Singh: Belonged to Kotwali, Pradesh); he participated in the Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; s/o Luchee Uprising of 1857 and assisted the Singh; he joined hands with the rebel forces in plundering the British rebels of his area during the Uprising properties; he was caught by the of 1857 and marched towards Delhi British after the defeat of the rebels while fighting against the British and charged with ëplundering the forces; he returned to his region after Government property during the the fall of Delhi in September 1857; rebellioní; he was sentenced to death he was caught by the British after in 1859 and executed by hanging. their re-occupation of this area and [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny hanged in 1859 on the charges of Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 ëmurder and rebellion against the (IX) (1858), MSAB] Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Grajpal Singh: Inhabitant of the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); earlier Gujandhur Teewary: Belonged to the he was a Lance-Naik in the 5/18 Narsinghpur, Madhya Pradesh; he Garhwal Rifles of the British-Indian was a Sepoy in the 52nd Native Army but shifted his loyalty to the Infantry of the British-Indian army, Indian National Army in 1942, and but left his service during the 258 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Belonged to the former Tonk State with the rebels of his area; he was (now in distt. Tonk), the Rajputana caught by the British in the course of Agency (now Rajasthan); Gunner in an engagement; he was blown away the Tonk State Army; joined the rebel with a cannon on 10 October 1857 at soldiers of Tonk State Army who Narsinghpur. [Mutiny Records, revolted against the Tonk Nawab narrative of Events, 5-11 October and the Britishers; he marched with 1857, Narsinghpur Collectorate, the rebels towards Delhi in 1857 to MPSAB] join the Mughal Emperor in battles against the British at several places; Gujjoo: Belonged to Allahabad, North- Gul Mohammed died while fighting Western Provinces (now Uttar against the British forces in Delhi in Pradesh); he was a Kidmatgar 1857. [F/ Poll; F.No. 12, 1857, NAI; [Khidmatgar] under the British, but MR; Sujas, No 4, June-July 1998, left it during the Uprising of 1857 to Jaipur, p.80; RMSS, pp.8-12; RSG, render his services to the rebels p.12] fighting the British; he also incited the local people to attack the British Gul Mohammed: Resident of Karauli, and plunder their properties; he was Karauli State (now distt. Karauli), the caught by the British troops at the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); time of their marches on the younger brother of Risaldar Mehrab Allahabad region, and convicted on Khan (the leader of rebel soldiers in the charges of ërobbery and rebellion Kota State); Jamadar in the Kota State against the Britishí; sentenced to Army; joined the military and civilian death in July 1857, he was executed rising against the British rule in 1857 by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, in Kota; fought in several battles Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.204] against the joint forces of the Maharao (Kota ruler) and the British; Gukul: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh participated in the attack on the [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Agency House, Kota, on 15 October Pradesh); he took part in the fighting 1857, in which Captain C.E. Burton against the firangi-hukumat (British and his two sons were killed; Gul rule) during the Uprising of 1857 and Mohammed was captured by the also incited others to attack the Maharaoís soldiers and killed in British establishments; he was killed March 1858. [F/Poll; F.Nos.1-2, by the British army in the course of September 1858; F/Poll ëAí, Nos 428- an encounter at Bailley Guard, 36, September 1860; F/Poll; Lucknow, in November 1857. F.Nos.3146-47, December 1858, NAI; [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny RKSS, pp.124-43; Sujas, No 4, June- Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh July 1998, Jaipur, p.80; RMSS, pp.8- (1858), UPSAL] 12; RSG, p.92]

Gul Mohammed Nishanchi, Hafiz: Gulab Rai: Resident of Amjhera State, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 259

Malwa region, the Central India days; caught by the enemy on 28 Agency, Indore, (now Madhya January 1858 and charged with Pradesh); Dewan of Amjhera State; ërebellion against the Britishí, he was he succeeded in organising a rebel executed by hanging at the Rahatgarh force by assembling mercenaries, Fort on 29 January 1858. [Mutiny patriots and deserters of the British- Papers, Vol. IV, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Indian Army and the State-owned Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] armies in July 1857 for throwing the British out from the State; with Gulab Singh Gosain: Resident of permission of his Highness Raja Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western Bakhtawar Singh (ruler of Amjhera), Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took he invaded and occupied the part in the Uprising of 1857 and Bhopawar Political Agency (British joined the rebel forces in their attacks Residency of Amjhera State) on 3 on the British quarters; he was July 1857; however, continuous caught by the British troops in the political and military pressures from course of their raids and hanged the powerful pro-British Indore State from a tree in 1858. [Mutiny Records, of Holkar and Captain Hutchinson Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- of the British troops, resulted in Raja 59), UPSAL] Bakhtawar Singhís losing his nerves and surrendering his Dewan, Gulab Gulab Singh: Hailed from Jabalpur, Rai, to the British as the rebel leader Madhya Pradesh; s/o Luxman Singh; responsible for plundering and studied up to VII standard; attracted devastating the British Residency by the August Kranti of 1942, he properties at Bhopawar; the hero of joined the anti-British protest Amjhera State became overnight a demonstrations on 19 September political victim of his weak ruler; he 1942. Following a scuffle with the was hanged till death on 11 July 1857. police force, the protestors were [Mutiny Papers, II, NAIB; WWIM, III, indiscriminately fired upon; Gulab p.43; ROCIM, pp. 141-42] Singh was seriously injured in the police firing, hospitalised for some Gulab Shah: Born in 1798, Bhopal State time and passed away on 5 (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o Sheith November 1942. [PCJ Papers, Acc. Shah; joined the anti-British rebel No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), forces of the Nawab of Ambapani; NAI; MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, p.351] participated in attacking and throwing out the Britishers from Gulab Singh: Hailed from v. Pago, distt. Ambapani, Sehore and Rahatgarh Tehri Garhwal, Garhwal Division, areas in 1857; when the British the United Provinces (Uttarakhand); reinforcement under Hugh Rose a Sepoy in the 18th Garhwal Rifles of came to re-occupy the Rahatgarh fort the British-Indian Army, he left it in on 24 January 1858, Gulab Shah 1942 and joined the Indian National fought furiously against it for four Army in 1942 as a Sepoy in its 3rd 260 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Guerrilla Regiment; fought against escape and moved towards Nepal; the British forces on the Burma (now later on, he was reported to have Myanmar) front; died in an encounter been killed by the British forces near with the enemy in 1945 [INA Papers, the Nepal boarder in 1858. [Mutiny F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, II, NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] p.107; EBIFF, I, p.351] Gulaooden: Hailed from Hinduan, a Gulam Rassool: Belonged to Futtehpore town in Jaipur State (now in distt. [Fatehpur], the North-Western Sawai Madhopur), the Rajputana Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Agency (now Rajasthan); took part participated in the Uprising of 1857, in the 1857 Uprising in Jaipur State and also encouraged his neighbours and was arrested; the Jaipur State to fight against the British rule; he troops stationed at Hinduan became was captured by the British during rebellious in the meantime and their re-occupation of Fatehpur in rescued Gulaooden and other rebels; 1857, and hanged soon thereafter. he was soon re-captured and sent to [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Agra by the Political Agent of Jaipur. Basta, UPRAA] Gulaooden was tried at Agra and executed. [F/Cons, S.C 30 April Gulam Sheikh: Resident of Allahabad, 1858/149-150 A, NAI; Mil/Deptt. the North-Western Provinces (now No. M-06-1 (Pts.) Pad No.1/2, F. No. Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebels 01, Pt.5/3, Jaipur State Records, RSAB of his locality during the Uprising of cited in RSG, V 2, pp.90-91] 1857 to take part in fighting the British; he also participated in seizing Guleen: Hailed from Raipur, aroused by the British treasury and using its the speech that Hanuman Singh, contents for buying arms; he was Magazine Lashkar in the British caught by the British troops in course Army (who assassinated Major of their marches on Allahabad, and Cidwel at his residence on 18 January hanged from a tree in 1857 on the 1858) delivered a speech before a charges of ëlooting and rebellion sepoy audience on the same day; against the Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Guleen joined the rebel soldiers in Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Raipur; took part in the killing of British army officers; with 16 other Gulan Singh: Belonged to v. Birua, rebel soldiers, he was arrested by the Seetapore [Sitapur], the North- British; tried, convicted and Western Provinces (now Uttar sentenced to death; hanged in Raipur Pradesh); he participated in attacking on 22 January 1858. [Parliamentary and plundering the British in his area Papers ñ reg. Mutiny further Papers, during the Uprising of 1857; while No.4, 1857-58, NAI, CKI, 1740-1947, the British troops were conducting a p.171] raid on his village, he managed to Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 261

Guli Rai: Born in 1902 at v. Chaura, distt. Regiment as Sepoy. He was killed Ballia, the United Provinces (now while he was confronting the British Uttar Pradesh). He took part in the forces in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.379 agitation taking place in his native (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p. 107] place in Ballia during the ìQuit Indiaî movement of 1942. He was beaten Guman Singh: Resident of the Garhwal to death in a protest rally that the Division, the United Provinces (now police indiscriminately lathi-charged. Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- RORCG; WWIM, I, p.284; BCA, p. 119] Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty to the Indian National Army in 1942 Gulzar: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh and served it as Sepoy in the Ist [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Guerrilla Regiment; he fought Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces against the British forces at several during the Uprising of 1857 and places in Burma (now Myanmar) and participated in attacking and was killed in action in 1944. [INA plundering the British quarters; he Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA died while fighting against the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.108] British army at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 1858. [Mutiny Guman: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, [Awadh] Province (now Uttar UPRAA] Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his locality during the Gulzari Lal: Resident of Kalhi, Jabalpur, Uprising of 1857 and fought the Madhya Pradesh; s/o Kunji Lal. He British forces in different took part in the ìQuit Indiaî engagements; he was killed by the movement in 1942; active in his British army in an encounter at locality, he was arrested and Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in sentenced to imprisonment. Put in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, the Jabalpur District Jail; he was Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. subjected to severe physical tortures, Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] resulting in his death in detention in 1930. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Gumbheeru: Resident of distt. F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; Futtehpore [Fatehpur], the North- MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, p.384] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the Uprising Gulzi Ram: Resident of v. Khora, Alwar of 1857 and fought against the British State (now distt. Alwar), Rajputana in Fatehpur and its surrounding Agency (now Rajasthan); served as areas; he also plundered the British Sepoy in the 7/8 Punjab Regiment of treasury in the locality and passed the British-Indian Army; he shifted the booty on to the rebel forces for his loyalty to the Indian National defraying their military expenses; at Army and served in its 3rd Guerrilla the time of the British re-occupation 262 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

of the area, he was caught by the in their fighting against the British; authorities and put on trial for he was caught at the time of a ëplundering and rebellion against British advance into the Banda the Britishí; sentenced to transpor- region and charged with ëmutiny tation for life in 1859, he died in and murder of Europeansí; jail before the commencement of sentenced to death in July 1858 with sentence. [Mutiny Records, Abst. confiscation of his property; he was Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), executed by hanging. [Mutiny UPSAL] Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Gunduroo: Born in 1870 in v. Dhakara, (1858), MSAB] Patti Kamla, distt. Uttarkashi, Garhwal Division, the United Gunesh: Born in Mynpoory [Mainpuri], Provinces (now in Uttarakhand); the North-Western Provinces (now s/o Sagroo. He actively participated Uttar Pradesh); Burhaee [Barahi]; he in the Civil Disobedience movement took part in the fight against the in 1930, and was arrested by the British during the Uprising of 1857; Tehri-Garhwal State police in this he also offered financial support to connection. Sent to Tehri jail, he died the rebels of his area for buying arms in imprisonment in 1932. [H/Poll, and attacking the British establish- F.No. 23/54/1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; ments; he was captured by the British SSKS GD, 14, p.2] forces, and charged with ëplundering the Government property and Gunesh Pathak: Resident of the North- rebellion against the Britishí; Gunesh Western Provinces (now Uttar was sentenced to death in 1860 and Pradesh); he participated in the executed by hanging. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857, and encountered Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, the British forces at several places in UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Etawah; he also offered financial (1858), MSAB] support to the local people and encouraged them to attack the firangis Gunesh: Resident of Banda, the North- (British); he was killed while resisting Western Provinces (now Uttar the advancing British army in the Pradesh); he participated in the Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought against Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, the British forces in the Banda region; UPRAA] he also provided financial support to the local rebels and encouraged them Gunesh Singh: Resident of Banda, the to attack and kill the firangis North-Western Provinces (now Uttar (British) and their faithfuls; he was Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the 6th caught during the British advance Native Infantry of the British-Indian in Banda, charged with ëmurder, Army, left it during the Uprising of aiding and abetting the rebellion 1857 and joined hands with the rebels against the Britishí, and sentenced Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 263

to death with confiscation of his soon after the outbreak of the 1857 property in June 1858; he was Uprising; along with his associates he executed by hanging thereafter. marched towards Delhi while [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny fighting against the British forces; he Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. escaped to his region after the British No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] re-occupation of Delhi in September 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting Gunesh: Resident of Peepul Mundee, the advancing British army in the Agra, the North-Western Provinces Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with UPSAL] the Contingent Guards of the Agra Central Prison; he left the British Gunga Deen: Hailed from Jalaun, the employment during the Uprising of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1857 and joined hands with the rebels Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a of the Agra region; he fought the Havildar [Hawaldar] in the Armed British troops in several engage- Guards Contingent at the Agra ments in the Agra-Mathura area; he Central Prison; he left the British was killed by the advancing British service in June 1857 for joining the forces during their attacks on the Uprising of 1857. Along with his rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra comrades, he marched towards Delhi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, and took part in the fight against the Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] British; he was killed during an encounter with the advancing British Guneshee: Hailed from Allygurh army in the Delhi region in [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces September 1857. [Mutiny Records, (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny the Uprising of 1857 and also Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] encouraged others to raise their arms for overthrowing the firangi-hukumat Gunga Deen: Resident of Koonani, (British rule); he marched on to Delhi, Jaloun, the North-Western Provinces joined hands with the rebels there (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he and fought the British troops; he was was a Havildar [Hawaldar] in the A. caught by the British after their re- Company of the British-Indian army; occupation of Delhi, and charged he left the British service during the with ësedition and rebellion against Uprising of 1857 and fought against the Britishí; he was sentenced to the British at several places in his death and executed in 1857. [Mutiny region; he died in 1858 while resisting Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) the advancing British forces. [Mutiny F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- Guneshwa: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar 59), UPSAL] Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces 264 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Gunga Din: Resident of Humeerpoor and joined the rebelsí fighting against [Hamirpur], the North-Western the British; he died while resisting Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he the advancing British army in the took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Delhi region in September 1857. fought against the British forces at [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, various places; he also incited the UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, neighbourhod to raise its arms NAI] against the firangis (British) and their loyalists; he was caught by the British Gunga Pershaud: Hailed from Bareilly, troops at the time of their Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel reoccupation of the Hamirpur region, forces soon after the outbreak of the and charged with ësedition and 1857 Uprising; along with his fellow rebellion against the Britishí; rebels, he marched towards Delhi sentenced to death with confiscation while fighting against the British of his property in 1859, he was forces; he escaped to his region after executed by hanging. [Mutiny the British re-occupied of Delhi in Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, September 1857; he died in 1858 while UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) resisting the advancing British army (1858), MSAB] in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP Gunga Din: Resident of Kanpur, the (1858-59), UPSAL] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the Gunga Ram: Resident of Futtehpore Uprising of 1857, and fought against [Fatehpur], the North-Western the British at several places in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he Kanpur; he also incited the local joined hands with the rebel forces people to attack the British during the Uprising of 1857 and provisions; he was killed while fought against the British at various fighting against the advancing British places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur army in the Kanpur region in 1857. region; he also provided financial [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny support to the local rebels and Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 encouraged them to attack and (IX) (1858), MSAB] plunder the British offices; he was killed by the British troops in the Gunga Pershad: Resident of Agra, the course of an encounter in 1857. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Jemadar Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] [Jamadar] in the Armed Guards Contingent at the Agra Central Gunga Singh: Hailed from Allygurh Prison; he left the British service in [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces June 1857 to participate in the (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated Uprising of 1857. Along with his in the fighting against the British rule comrades, he marched towards Delhi during the Uprising of 1857 and also Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 265

encouraged other people to raise Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), arms and go for killing the firangis UPSAL] (British); he moved in to Delhi, joined the rebel forces there and fought the Gunga: Resident of Banda, the North- British at several places; he was Western Provinces (now Uttar caught by the British after the fall of Pradesh); he participated in the Delhi, and charged with ësedition, Uprising of 1857 and fought against murder and rebellion against the the British forces at several places in Britishí; he was sentenced to death the Banda region; he was captured and shot dead in 1857. [Mutiny during the British re-occupation of Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) the Banda area, and charged with F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] ëplundering and rebellion against the Britishí, he was sentenced to death Gunga Singh: Inhabitant of a village in in May 1858 and hanged soon Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, joined the rebel forces of his area Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] during the Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British army at a Gungadeen: Hailed from Allahabad, number of places in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Muzaffarnagar region; he was Pradesh); he was a Nujeeb [Najib] captured by the British in the thick under the British authority, but left of an encounter, and sentenced to it to participate in fighting the British death on the charges of ëmurder and forces in Allahabad-Fatehpur area rebellion against the Britishí; he was during the Uprising of 1857; he also executed on the gallows in 1857. incited local people to plunder and [Mutiny Records, Muzaffarnagar seize the British wealth; he was Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, caught by the British troops during p.98] their attacks on the Allahabad area, and charged with ësedition and Gunga Singh: Resident of Furrukhabad rebellion against the Britishí; he was [Farukhabad], the North-Western sentenced to death with confiscation Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); of property in July 1857 and executed earlier he was a Subedar in the 41st by hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Native Infantry of the British-Indian Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; army; left it during the Uprising of TIM, p.206] 1857 and took part in the fighting against the British in the Farukhabad Gungadhur: Resident of Murahi- region; caught by the British during Churdha, the Saugor (Sagar) region, an engagement, he was charged with Madhya Pradesh; Lambardar; he led a ëdesertion, murder and rebellioní; he group of rebels during the Uprising was sentenced to death and executed of 1857 and fought the British forces; in July 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. he was caught by the British troops 266 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

in the course of an encounter and 1857 and fought the British forces on executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny several occasions; caught by the Records, F/Poll. Consutations nos. British troops during an engagement, 581-92, 30 Oct (1857), NAI] he was executed by hanging on 23 November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Gungapashard: Resident of Bah, Agra, Poll Deptt. F.No. 10B (1857), MPSAB; the North-Western Provinces (now TFWI, I, p. 127] Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Havildar [Hawaldar] in the A. Gunnaram: Resident of Ghazeepoor Company of the British-Indian army; [Ghazipur], the North-Western he left the British service during the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Thakoor [Thakur]; he fought the with the rebel forces to fight against British forces at several places in the Companyraj; he fought against the Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; British at several places in his region; he was caught by the British after he died in 1858 while resisting the their re-occupation of the Ghazipur advancing British forces. [Mutiny region, and executed by hanging in Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] 59), UPSAL] Gunnesh: Belonged to Allahabad, the Gungooab: Resident of Banda, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined in the fighting Pradesh); he took part in the against the British during the Uprising of 1857 and fought against Uprising of 1857, and also the British forces at various places in encouraged his neighbours to attack the Banda region; he also incited the the British establishments in local people to raise their arms Allahabad; he was caught by the against the firangis (British) and their British at the time of their raids on loyalists; caught by the British troops the rebels in Allahabad, and charged at the time of their advance in Banda, with ëmurder and rebellion against and charged with ësedition and the Britishí; he was sentenced to rebellion against the Britishí; he was death in July 1857, and hanged; his sentenced to death with confiscation property was also confiscated. of his property in July 1858; he was [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper executed by hanging thereafter. No.1; TIM, p.223] [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, Gunnesh: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar No.43B (1859), MSAB] Pradesh; he joined the rebels of his area soon after the outbreak of the Gunjan Singh: Belonged to the 1857 Uprising; along with the fellow Narsinghpur region, Madhya rebels, he marched towards Delhi Pradesh; he joined the Uprising of fighting against the British forces; he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 267

escaped to his region soon after the troops in the course of their advance British re-occupation of Delhi in in Banda, and charged with September 1857; he died in 1858 while ëplundering the Government resisting the advancing British army property and rebellion against the in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny Britishí; sentenced to death with Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP confiscation of property in June (1858-59), UPSAL] 1858; he was executed by hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Gunnesh: Resident of the Oudh Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), Pradesh); Koomhar [Kumhar]; he MSAB] was a Sepoy in the A. Company of the British-Indian army; he left the Gur Narain: Resident of Lucknow, the British service during the Uprising Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in of 1857 and fought against the British Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with on several occasions; he died in 1858 the rebels of his area during the while resisting the advancing British Uprising of 1857 and fought the forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra British forces on different occasions; Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. he died while confronting the Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] British army at Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. Gunni: resident of v. Kunsiya, Jabalpur, [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Madhya Pradesh; s/o Mohan Gond; Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. he participated in the Uprising of Oudh (1858), UPSAL] 1857 and fought against the British in the Jabalpur region; he was caught Gur Sing: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] by the British in the course of an Province (now Uttar Pradesh); encounter and sentenced to death on Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy 17 February 1858 on the charge of in the A. Company of the British- ërebellion against the Britishí. Indian army; he left the British [Mutiny Records, Poll F.No.3 (1858), service during the Uprising of 1857 MPSAB] and fought against the British at several places; he died in 1858 while Gunsoo: Resident of Banda, the North- resisting the advancing British forces. Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Pradesh); he participated in the Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh fighting against the British forces in (1858-59), UPSAL] the Banda region during the Uprising of 1857; he also participated in Gurbaksh Singh: Resident of v. plundering the British property and Bahdara, p.o. Chhanir, Bikaner State looting the Government treasury to (now distt. Bikaner), the Rajputana meet the military expenses of the Agency (now in Rajasthan); formerly rebels; he was caught by the British he was a Sepoy in the 7/6 Rajutana 268 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Rifles of British-Indian Army, but Western Provinces (now Uttar shifted his loyalty to the Indian Pradesh); he joined the fighting National Army in Malaya in 1942; he against the British during the fought against the British forces on Uprising of 1857; he also provided the Burma front as Sub-Officer in the financial aid to the local rebels and INAís 1st Bahadur Group; he lost his incited them to attack the firangis life in Burma (Myanmar) in the course (British); he was caught by the British of heavy fighting in August 1944. troops in the course of an engagement [INA Papers, F.Nos.460/INA, 12/ and was charged with ëmurder, INA, 464/INA, 2/INA, NAI; WWIM, plundering and rebellioní; he was II, p.109] sentenced to death with confiscation of his property in August 1858, and Gurdoo: Resident of Banda, the North- executed by hanging. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B during the Rising of 1857 and fought (1859), MSAB] against the British in Banda and its surrounding areas; he was caught by Gurmuk Singh: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the British army at the time of their the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now re-occupying of the area; convicted Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British of the charge of ërebellion against the forces at different places in Lucknow Britishí, he was sentenced to trans- during the Uprising of 1857 and also portation for life in 1859, but died in incited others to storm the British jail before the commencement of establishments; he was killed while sentence. [Mutiny Records, Abst. confronting the British army at Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), Qaiserbhagh, Lucknow, in March UPSAL] 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Gurga: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces Gurwar Singh: Belonged to Unnao, the soon after the outbreak of the 1857 North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising; along with his comrades in Pradesh); he took part in the arms, he marched towards Delhi Uprising of 1857 and fought the fighting against the British; he British forces on various occasions in escaped to his region after the British the Unnao-Kanpur region; he also re-occupation of Delhi in September participated in the plundering of the 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting British properties; he was killed the advancing British army in the during an encounter with the British Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ army in Unnao in 1857. [Mutiny Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPSAL] UPRAA]

Gurhoo: Resident of Banda, the North- Gussa Singh: Born in Gushaen, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 269

Mynpoory [Mainpuri], the North- with confiscation of property and Western Provinces (now Uttar executed by hanging from a tree in Pradesh); s/o Net Ram; Thakoor 1860. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad [Thakur]; he took part in the Collectorate, Basta, UPRAA; Poll fighting against the British during Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), the Uprising of 1857; he also offered MSAB] financial support to the rebels of his area for buying arms and for Gyadeen: Born in Ghazeepoor attacking the British establishments; [Ghazipur], the North-Western he was caught by the British after Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he the re-occupation of Mainpuri and joined the rebel forces and fought the charged with ëplundering the British at several places in Ghazipur Government property and rebellion during the Uprising of 1857; he was against the Britishí; he was caught by the British after their re- sentenced to death in 1861 and occupation of the Ghazipur region, executed by hanging. [Mutiny and executed by hanging in 1859. Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D Basta, UPRAA] (1859), MSAB] Gyadeen: Resident of Banda, the Guturoo: Resident of Lucknow, the North-Western Provinces (now Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Uprising of 1857 and plundered the Uprising of 1857, and also British properties at various places encouraged others to raise their arms in the Banda region; he was caught against the British; he fought the by the British troops at the time of British at different places, and died their re-occupation of Banda, and in the battle of Chinhat, Lucknow, convicted on the charges of on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Records, ëplundering and rebellion against Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; QT] the Britishí, sentenced to death in 1858; he was executed by hanging Guzunffor Allee: Resident of Allahabad, and his property was also the North-Western Provinces (now confiscated thereafter. [Mutiny Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Uprising of 1857 and fought against UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) the British forces at various places in (1858), MSAB] the Allahabad region; he also stood by the local people in their fight Gyan Chund Sharma: Belonged to against the British; he was captured Sisauli, Muzaffarnagar, the North- during the British raids on the Western Provinces (now Uttar Allahabad sector, and charged with Pradesh); Pandit; he participated in ëmurder and rebellion against the the Uprising of 1857 and also incited Britishí; he was sentenced to death others to join the rebel forces for 270 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

fighting against the British rule; he sentenced to death in 1859 and was captured by the British soon hanged. [Mutiny Records, after the defeat of the rebel forces Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Basta, and charged with ësedition and UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.135] rebellion against the Britishí; he was Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 271

HH

Habeeba: Born in 1833 in a village in Habib Dar:Born in 1902 in v. Kothpore, Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western distt. Anantnag, Jammu and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); she Kashmir; s/o Shaban Dar. He joined participated in the armed opposition the protest rally at Bijbihara to the British rule during the (Anantnag) in 1934 held against the Uprising of 1857, and also mobilised autocratic rule of the Maharaja during her neighbourhood to raise its arms the movement for responsible against the British; she was caught government in Jammu and Kashmir when the British attacked the State. The rallyists were fired upon Muzaffarnagar region, and executed by the State Army as soon as they in 1858. [Mutiny Records, reached the market-place. Habib Butt Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Basta, was killed in that firing on the spot. UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.49] [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.69; EBIFF, Habib Butt: Born in 1899 in distt. Vol.1, p. 173; HMKJAMH, p. 322] Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir; adopted s/o Khizr Butt. A Habib Kamrazi: Born 1899 in Bijbihara, participant in the movement for distt. Anantnag, Jammu and responsible government in Jammu Kashmir. A labourer; he joined the and Kashmir. He joined a protest protest rally at Bijbihara (Anantnag) rally against the tyrannical rule of the in 1934 held against the autocratic Maharaja at Pulwama (Anantnag) in rule of the Maharaja. It grew out of February 1934. When the State Army the political movement for soldiers opened fire on the rallyists, responsible government in Jammu he was killed in the firing on the same and Kashmir. The rallyists were fired day. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, upon by the State Army soon as they Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.115; WWIM, reached in the market-place. Habib II, p.52; HMKJAMH, p. 323] Kamrazi was killed in that firing on the spot. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, 272 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.2, p.666; firing upon the rallyists. [File No. V, WWIM, II, p.141; HMKJAMH, p. 326] 4; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p. 331] Habib Khan: Resident of Etawah, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Habib Wani: Born in 1901 in distt. Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o area during the Uprising of 1857, and Samad Wani. When the people of the fought against the British forces in district observed a complete hartal on several engagements; he also offered 23 September 1931 to register their financial support to the rebels and protest against the arrest of Sheikh incited many others to attack the Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent firangis (British); he died while leader of the movement for resisting the advancing British army responsible government ñ he took in the Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny part in the protest rally organized at Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, Shopian (Anantnag). While the UPRAA] vociferous procession was moving on, the State military force intervened Habib Ullah Saraf: Born in 1906 in distt. to stop it. In the ensuing clash Baramulla, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o between the two, the military force Mahada Joo Saraf. As a student of suddenly opened indiscriminate class tenth, he participated in the firing on the rallyists in which Habib political movement for responsible Wani was killed on the spot at the government in Jammu and Kashmir age of 30. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, State. He joined a demonstration at J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; Baramulla to protest against the WWIM, II, pp. 347] autocratic rule of the Maharaja in 1931. When the procession reached Hafiz Abdus Sama: Belonged to the Kheryarbal, the State Armyís soldiers Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in suddenly started firing, in which Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with Habib Ullah Saraf was killed on the the rebels of his area in their fighting spot. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, against the British forces during the Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.287] Uprising of 1857, and also incited others to take to arms against the Habib Wani: Born 1909 in Maliknag, British rule; he was caught by the distt. Anantnag, Jammu and British army and hanged in June Kashmir; s/o Maqsood Wani. He 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow actively participated in the political Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] movement for responsible government in Jammu and Kashmir. Haider Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the While participating in a rally to Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Uttar protest against the despotic State Pradesh); he participated the ruler at Maliknag in 1931, he was Uprising of 1857 and led the rebels killed on the spot in the State Armyís in attacking the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 273

establishments in Lucknow at several Lucknow, in November 1857. places; he died while fighting against [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny the British army at Bridge of Boats, Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Lucknow in 1858. [Mutiny Records, (1858), UPSAL] Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Hajee Ruheem: Hailed from Bareilly, Haider Khan: Belonged to Lucknow, the Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in forces soon after the outbreak of the Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the 1857 Uprising; along with his fellow fighting against the British during the rebels, he marched towards Delhi Uprising of 1857, and also while fighting against the British encouraged others to rise against the forces; he escaped to his region after firangi-hukumat (British rule); he was the British re-occupation of Delhi in killed by the British army in an September 1857; he died in 1858 while encounter at Bailley Guard, resisting the advancing British army Lucknow in November 1857. [Mutiny in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] (1858), UPSAL] Haji Amin: Resident of Nimar, the Haider Khan: Born in Agra, the North- Central India Agency, Indore (now Western Provinces (now Uttar Madhya Pradesh); a popular leader, Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his he organized the anti-British rebel area during the Uprising of 1857, and forces and led an armed revolt fought the British at several places against the pro-British ruler in in the Agra-Mathura region; he was Mandleshwar during the Uprising of caught by the re-occupying British 1857; in course of the fighting he was troops and accused of ëmurder and captured by the British army and rebellion against the Britishí; executed in 1859. [Mutiny Papers, IV, sentenced to death with confiscation NAIB; WWIM, III, p.50] of his property; he was executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Hakim Abdul Haq: Resident of Alwar, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Rajasthan; he joined the rebels of his area during the Uprising of 1857, and Haikaru Das: Resident of Lucknow, the fought the British forces in the Alwar Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar region; he was caught by the British Pradesh); he took part in challenging army in the course of an engagement against the firangi-hukumat (British and hanged in 1857. [Mutiny Records, rule) during the Uprising of 1857 and Poll Deptt. Part I, Vol. No. 44 (1858), engaged the British forces in MSAB] different battle grounds; he was killed by the British army in an Hakeem: Born in Muttra [Mathura], the encounter at Bailley Guard, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 274 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Pradesh); he participated in the Political Agent of Bundelkhand fighting against the British rule at the (Fisher) and his 25 Malwa Bhil Corps time of the Uprising of 1857; he also to side with the Dewan [Diwan] and took part in plundering the the State police in dispersing the Government properties and using meeting. Following some verbal their proceeds for buying arms; he arguments and jostling, the Political was caught by the advancing British Agent asked his officers and corps army in the Mathura region, and to teach the peasants a lesson. charged with ëmurder and Thereafter, the armed forces lathi- plundering during the rebellioní; charged and fired 40 rounds of sentenced to death in 1858 with bullets on the protestors; Halkai Ahir confiscation of his property, he was was hit by the bullets and died on hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 18-XII/30, Records, Mathura Mutiny, Basta, F. No. 18/31, F. No. 22/31, NAI; F/ UPRAA] Poll; F.No. 230-P (Secret)/1931, NAI; MPSGCD, pp. 55-57; MPMAKLA, pp. Hakim Taffazzul Hosein: Resident of 199-2005] Alygurh [Aligarh], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Halkai Singh Charkhar: Belonged to Pradesh); he fought the British forces distt. Hamirpur, the United on several occassions in Aligarh Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He during the Uprising of 1857; caught was a prominent political worker and by the British at the time of their one of the leading figures of the Praja raids on the rebels, he was executed Parishad of Hamirpur. He played a by hanging in 1857 on the charges of significant part in organizing ëmurder and rebellion against the agitations against the colonial rulers. Britishí; his property was also Arrested and imprisoned in a jail, he confiscated [Mutiny Records, Aligarh died in 1940 on account of severe Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt. torture by the police. [H/Poll, F.No. Part-1, Vol. No. 44 (1858), MSAB] 3/11/42, NAI; WWIM, II, p.59]

Halkai Ahir: Resident of v. Bandhiaea, Halkayeen Singh: Resident of mohallah teh. Laundi, Chhattarpur State, Charkhari, distt. Hamirpur, the Bundelkhand Agency (now United Provinces (now Uttar Chhatarpur district in Madhya Pradesh). In the wake of the Pradesh); he joined a public meeting Individual Satyagraha of 1940-41, he at Singpurís Charanpaduka Maidan demonstrably moved about the town on 15 January 1931 to voice the with a Congress flag in his hand as peasantsí protest against the Stateís an act of defiance of the district forced collection of cesses and high authoritiesí prohibitory orders. taxes, as well as against the irregular Suddenly the police fired upon him feudal extractions by the Zamindars. for this, and he died in a hospital in The Durbar [Darbar] invited the 1941 due to severe bullet wounds. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 275

[H/Poll, F.No. 3/11/42, NAI; WWIM, proceeds from these to the rebels for II, p.112] defraying their military expenses; caught by the British army in Jhansi; Hameed Husein: Belonged to Bareilly, he was charged with ëplundering, Uttar Pradesh; he was a Munshif in murder and rebellion against the Bareilly under the British, but left it Britishí; he was sentenced to death to join hands with the anti-British and executed in 1859. [Mutiny rebel forces during the Uprising of Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) 1857; he also encouraged others to NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] take up their arms against the British authorities; he was sentenced to the Hanif Alli: Resident of Sumbul [Sambal], transporta-tion for life soon after his the North-Western Provinces (now capture by the British on the charges Uttar Pradesh); a Tehseeldar of ëdisloyalty and rebellion against [Tehsildar]; he played an active role the British authorityí; he died in in organizing the local rebels in detention in 1859 before his fighting against the British during the transportation. [Mutiny Records, Uprising of 1857; he also provided Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- finances to the ëHindustani forcesí for 59), UPSAL] meeting their military expenses; he was caught by the British and put on Hamid Alli: Resident of Sumbhul trial on the charge of ëaiding and [Sambal], Moradabad, the North- abetting rebellion against the Britishí; Western Provinces (now Uttar sentenced to death and executed in Pradesh); he was a Tehseeldar April 1859 in Sambal. [Mutiny [Tehsildar]; during the Uprising of Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) 1857, he led the local anti-colonial NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] forces in his region; also provided material support to the rebels fighting Hanif Darji: Resident of v. Guramma, against the British rule; he was p.o. Indara, distt. Azamgarh, the captured and put on trial on the United Provinces (now Uttar charge of ëbeing a leader and Pradesh). In the wake of the ìQuit instigator of rebellioní; sentenced to Indiaî movement, the police death in June 1859 by the Assistance inspector and the force under him at Commissioner on Special Duty. the Madhuban police station had [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl been ordered to raid the Congress Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] office in Dubari Division, put down the National flag flying over it and Hamir Singh: Born in Pali, Jhansee destroy everything within. This [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he joined the incident on 13 August 1942 inflamed rebel forces in fighting the British the sentiments of the people and they army during the 1857 Uprising; he started gathering near the police also took part in plundering the station from every part of the district British properties and passed on the on 15 August 1942. The demonstra- 276 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

tors thereafter sought the Thana in- 1945. [INA Papers, F.No.379/INA Chargeís permission for putting up (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p. 113] the National flag on the top of the police station which he rudely Hansa: Resident of Humeerpoor refused on the pretext of the District [Hamirpur], the North-Western Magistrateís presence inside. When Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he the agitatorsí request was thus participated in the Uprising of 1857 turned down, they expressed their and fought against the British forces dissatisfaction by pelting stones on at several places in the Hamirpur the Thana edifice and were fired upon region; he also propagated against by the police from inside the building. the firangis (British) and incited the In this firing a number of people were local people to overthrow the firangi- shot dead and Darji happened to be hukumat (British rule); he was the one among those who had been captured during the British re- killed on the spot. [H/poll, F.No. 3/ occupation of Hamirpur, and charged 30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 124; SSKS, 27, with ësedition and rebellion against pp. ma, ya, ra la; WWIM, I, p.128] the Britishí, he was sentenced to death with confiscation of his Hans Raj: Resident of v. Banjarpur, distt. property in 1858 and hanged. [Mutiny Bulandshahr, the United Provinces Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, (now Uttar Pradesh). Before his UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) joining the Indian National Army, he (1858), MSAB] had served the British-Indian Army. As an INA soldier in the 3rd Guerrilla Hanuman Singh: Belonged to teh. Regiment, he was deployed to fight Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State (now the British soldiers on the Burma distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (Myanmar) front where he lost his (now Rajasthan); Rajput. He life in the battle-field in 1944. [INA participated in a meeting of the kisan Papers, F. No. 403/INA, NAI; ROH, agitators held at Neemuchana on 14 pp. 698-699] May 1925 to protest against the Maharajaís mal-administration and Hans Ram: Hailed from Alwar, Alwar his land settlement policy of 1923-24. State (now distt. Alwar), the In this settlement the Biswedari rights Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); of the Rajputs were forfeited and the he was in the service of the British- land revenue had been increased by Indian Army as a Soldier in the 4/19 fifty per cent. Though all Hyderabad Regiment; left it in 1942 agriculturists were affected adversely and enrolled with the Indian by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. National Army; he was placed in the Hearing the news of this peasant 1st Guerrilla Regiment as a Sepoy and gathering, the Maharaja sent his State took part in fighting the British-led Army to counter the rallyists at forces on the Burma (now Myanmar) Neemuchana. The troops front; he died in action at Kalewa in surrounded the village, blocked all Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 277

the exit points from it and opened (provisions) at Jalalabad during the fire on the protesters without any Uprising of 1857; consequently, he prior warning of dispersal. Hanuman was caught by the British troops and Singh was hit by bullets in the hanged in November 1857; his entire indiscriminate firing and died on the village was also looted by the British spot. Simultaneously, the village was force. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow also set on fire by the State troops. Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Har Narain: Born in 1914 in distt. Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, Allahabad, the United Provinces F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, (now Uttar Pradesh). As a University RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, student he participated in the public F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] procession taken out on 4 January 1932 in protest against the arrest of Hanuman: Born in Agra, the North- Mahatma Gandhi in Bombay during Western Provinces (now Uttar the Civil Disobedience movement. Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces He was trampled to death in a melee during the Uprising of 1857, and occasioned by the district policeís fought the British at several places violent lathi-charge in Johnstonganj in Agra; caught by the British troops (Allahabad) on the same day. [H/ closing in on Agra, he was accused Poll, F.Nos. 3/6/42, 3/11/42, NAI; of ëmurder and rebellion against the WWIM, I, p.129] Britishí, he was sentenced to death in 1858 with confiscation of his Har Persad: Resident of Etawah, the property and executed by hanging North-Western Provinces (now Uttar soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll region during the Uprising of 1857, Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] and fought against the British on several occasions; he also offered Hanuman: Hailed from v. Palhari, Distt. financial support to the rebels locally Jaipur, Rajasthan; joined the Indian and encouraged them to attack the National Army in Malaya and served firangis (British); he died while as Lance Naik; died fighting against resisting the advancing British army the British forces at Kalema, Burma in Etawah in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] F.Nos.1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI;WWIM, II, p.113] Har Sahai: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Hanuman: Inhabitant of Jalalabad, the Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in the rebels of his area and fought the Uttar Pradesh); cultivator; along with British forces during the Uprising of the other villagers, he refused to 1857; he also incited other people to oblige the British forces with rasad raise their arms against the British; 278 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

while resisting the British army, he 1942, he remained a prisoner of war died in the battle of Chinhat, till the political intervention of the Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Indian Independence League on his Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, behalf; joined the Indian National UPRAA] Army as a Major in 1943; leading his troops towards the Imphal front by Har Singh: Resident of the Garhwal passing through Burma (now Division, the United Provinces (now Myanmar) on the Indo-Burma Uttarakhand); earlier he was a Soldier border, he confronted the enemy and in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the laid down his life while performing British-Indian Army but decided to his duties in 1945. [INA Papers, shift his loyalty to the Indian F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), National Army in 1942 and served it 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, II, as Lance-Naik in the Ist Guerrilla p.114] Regiment; while fighting against the British forces in Burma (now Harak Singh: Resident of v. Myanmar) he died on the battle Narsinghbari, distt. Almora, the ground in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. United Provinces (now Uttara- 1/INA, 498/INA (1945), NAI; khand); originally a Sepoy in the WWIM, II, p.114] British-Indian Army, he left it and joined the Indian National Army in Harak Singh: Hailed from v. Narsingh 1943 and served as a Major; fought bari, distt. Almora, the United against the British forces on the Provinces (now Uttarakhand); earlier Burma (now Myanmar) front; he he was a Sepoy in the British-Indian died in an encounter with the enemy Army; he shifted his loyalty to the in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, Indian National Army in Malaya in 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, 1943 and served as a Major; he died p.114] while confronting the British forces on the Burma (Myanmar) front in Harda Singh: Resident of Lucknow, the 1944. [INA Papers, File No. 1/INA, Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in NAI; WWIM, II, p.114] Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his area during the Harak Singh: Resident of v. Uprising of 1857 and fought the Narsinghbari, distt. Almora, Kumaon British forces in different Division, the United Provinces (now engagements in the Lucknow region; Uttarakhand); a Sepoy of the British- he was killed while encountering the Indian Army, he was deployed in the British army at Bailley Guard, South-East Asian front to fight the Lucknow, in November 1857. Japanese during the World War-II in [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny December 1941; subsequent to the Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh British defeat in the hands of the (1858), UPSAL] Japanese Army in Malaya in February Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 279

Hardan Singh: Hailed from v. forces in the course of an encounter in Narainpur, (teh.) Bansoor [Bansur], 1857; his property was confiscated later Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the on. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p. 51] Rajput. He participated in a meeting of the kisan agitators held at Hardayal: Hailed form Kama, Bharatpur Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to State (now distt. Bharatpur), the protest against the Maharajaís Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); oppressive administration and his Bhatnagar; younger brother of land settlement policy of 1923-24. In Jaidayal (the civilian leader of the this settlement the Biswedari rights of rebels in Kota); sepoy in the Kota the Rajputs were forfeited and the State Army; under the leadership of land revenue had been increased by Mehrab Khan (leader of the rebel fifty percent. Though all agricultu- soldiers in Kota) and Jaidayal, he rists were affected adversely by it, participated in the military and civil the Rajputs suffered the most. uprising against the British and the Hearing the news of this gathering, ruler of Kota State in 1857 in Kota; the Maharaja sent his State Army to involved in the attack on the British counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. Political Agentís House in Kota on The troops surrounded the village, 15 October 1857, in which Captain blocked all the exit points from it and C.E. Burton and his two sons were opened fire on the protesters without killed by the rebels; fought against any prior warning. Hardan Singh was the British troops under the command injured in the indiscriminate firing of General H.G. Roberts at Kota and and died on the same day. Simulta- was killed in March 1858. [RKSS, pp. neously, the village was also set on 124-43; RSG, p.93 Sujas, No 4, June- fire by the State troops. [Alwar Judl, July 1998, Jaipur, p.80; F/Poll; F.Nos. F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 324-27, August 1859; F/Poll; Nos 1- May, 14 June 1925; News-papersí 2, September 1858; F/Poll ëAí, Nos Cuttings, Basta No 29, F.No. 2, 428-36, February 1858, NAI] Riyasat, 13 November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, Hari Datt: Belonged to distt. Alwar, the 191 (PA), NAI] Rajputana Agency, (now Rajasthan); previously served as a sepoy in the Hardayal Singh: Resident of v. Dhirpura, 4/12 Hyderabad Regiment of the Agra, the North-Western Provinces British-Indian Army; later joined the (now Uttar Pradesh); Zamindar; he Indian National Army as a soldier in played a leading part in organizing the 1st Guerrilla Regiment; sustained the local rebels in the Agra region injuries while confronting the British during the Uprising of 1857; he forces and died in the Mayo himself fought in several armed Hospital, Burma (Myanmar) in 1944. confrontations with the British [INA Papers, File No. 1/INA, NAI; troops; he was killed by the British WWIM, II, p.116] 280 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Hari Mohan Singh: Belonged to distt. 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Pratapgarh, the United Provinces Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty (now Uttar Pradesh); served as a to the Indian National Army in 1942 Sepoy in the British-Indian Army; and served it as an Intelligence switch over to the Indian National Officer; he was killed by the British Army in 1942 and served as a forces in Burma (now Myanmar) Havildar [Hawaldar]; fought against during an attack on his camp in 1944. the British forces on the Kaladon front [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/ in Burma (Myanmar) and died in INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.272] action there in 1944. [INA Papers, File No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.116] Hari Singh: Belonged to v. Mehanpore, teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State Hari Ram: Hailed from v. Baidpura, distt. (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Bulandshahr, the United Provinces Agency (now Rajasthan); Rajput; took (now Uttar Pradesh). Before his part in kisan meeting held at joining the Indian National Army, he Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to had served the British-Indian Army. protest against the Maharajaís mal- As an INA soldier in the 3rd Guerrilla administration and his land Regiment, he was deployed to fight settlement policy of 1923-24. In this the British soldiers on the Burma settlement the Biswedari rights of the (Myanmar) front where he lost his Rajputs were forfeited and the land life in the battle-field in 1944. [INA revenue had been increased by fifty Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. per cent. Though all agriculturists 698-699 WWIM, II, p.116] were affected adversely by it, the Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing Hari Singh Dimar: Resident of Saugor the news of this kisan gathering, the (Sagar), Jubbulpore (Jabalpur) Maharaja sent his State Army to Division, the Central Provinces and confront the rallyists at Neemuchana. Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); joined The troops surrounded the village, the rebel forces fighting against the blocked all the escape routes from it British rule in the Uprising of 1857 in and opened fire on the protesters the Jabalpur region; under his without any prior warning of leadership many British outposts dispersal. Many of the agitators, were continuously attacked and including Hari Singh, received plundered; later the British troops serious bullet wounds in the captured him and sentenced him to indiscriminate firing and Hari Singh capital punishment. He was executed died of these. Simultaneously, the on 14 July 1857. [Mutiny Papers, IV, village was also set on fire by the NAIB; WWIM, III, p.52] State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315- J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 Hari Singh Rawat: Resident of the Tehri- June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Garwal, the United Provinces (now Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 281

Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), on the spot on that day. [H/poll, NAI] F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 125; SSKS, 27, pp. la & wa; WWIM, I, Hari: Born in 1919 at v. Sultanpur, distt. p.132] Ballia, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He participated in a Harikrishna Upreti: Resident of v. protest rally organized at Rasra in Meleepar, Deghat, p.o. Choukot, August 1942 during the ìQuit Indiaî distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, movement. Receiving bullet injuries United Provinces (now Uttara- when the police opened fire on it, he khand); cultivator; took part in a died of these on the spot. [H/poll procession during ìQuit Indiaî F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; movement at Deghat (Almora) in WWIM, I, p.130; BCA, p. 118] 1942; the procession was fired upon by the British forces and Upreti was Haridwar Rai: Born in 1902 at v. seriously injured; he subsequently Narainpur, distt. Ballia, the United succumbed to his injuries. [PCJ Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, was arrested on the charge of taking 157 (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, p.370; SSKS, part in anti-British activities during KD: p.3; BSAS: p. 130] the ìQuit Indiaî movement in August 1942. He died in jail in 1942 on Haripal Singh: Belonged to Dhirauli, the account of the inhuman tortures he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar suffered there. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/ Pradesh); he joined the fighting 42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.285; against the British during the BCA, p. 120] Uprising of 1857; he was caught by the advancing British army during an Harihar Singh: Resident of v. Mahuar, encounter in the Amorha State (now p.o. Indra, distt. Azamgarh, the in distt. Basti), and executed by United Provinces (now Uttar hanging from a ëPipal Treeí in 1858. Pradesh); 25 yearsí old; teacher. On [Mutiny Records, Monument of 17 August 1942 the people of Kopa Chhawani, cited in LL1857, pp.20-26] Division attacked Indra railway station as a part of the sabotage plan Hariram: Born in 1904, in v. Kamda, p.o. for the ìQuit Indiaî movement. They Jalya, teh. Rajgadi, distt. Uttarkashi, unfurled the National Flag there and the United Provinces (now destroyed all official documents. Uttarakhand); s/o Ruipram; Receiving the information from the participated at the time of the Civil Station Master, the District Disobedience movement in the Magistrate, along with his police peasant agitation against the force, hurried to the spot. While the oppressive rule of the Tehri Garhwal protesters were leaving the station ruler, his exorbitantly high revenue they were fired upon by the police. demand and the unjust forest laws; Harihar Singh was killed in the firing attended a meeting organized by the 282 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

peasants at Baman Tiladi maidan in (known as the Jagdalpur trial). the summer of 1930 to protest against Seventy eight of the rebels, including the State police firing and the killing Harma Muria, were put behind the of 2 innocent peasants on 20 May bars in Bastar Jail. Later in June 1910 1930. While the meeting was in Harma Muria was shifted to the progress, the State armed police Raipur Central Jail and died (before force, led by Dewan Chakradar, 7 November 1910) due to tortures by surrounded the venue and opened the jail authorities. [F/Poll fire on the gathering. It resulted in (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, the deaths of 17 persons and injuries NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, of many. Hariram was shot dead on Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/1930; HTPB, pp.245-57] 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, II, p.103; SSKS, GD: p.1] Harman: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); joined Harma Muria: Hailed from Pusmar, hands with the rebels in fighting the Jagdalpur area in Indrawati valley, British during the Uprising of 1857; Bastar State (now Chhattisgarh); he also incited his neighbours to take took part in the Adivasi (tribal) up arms against the British; caught Bhumkalórevolt of 1910 in the by the British troops in an engage- Jagdalpur region of Bastar against the ment in Awadh in 1858, he was feudal and colonial exploitation, and imprisoned for life on the charges of in the tribesí anxiety for maintaining ësedition and rebellion against the their distinct ways of life. On 16 Britishí; he died in detention by the February 1910, following the direct end of 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. confrontation (Indrawati-ford battle) Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), between the rebels and the British, UPSAL] where many people died on the rebel side, Harma Muria and few others Harmohan Singh: Resident of distt. escaped from the scene and rallied Pratapgarh, the United Provinces round the neighbouring Ulnar and (now Uttar Pradesh). He joined the Netanar villages. ìOn the night of Indian National Army as a Havildar 25th February, the combined forces [Hawaldar]. He, along with his unit surrounded the Ulnar hill on which soldiers, attacked a well-defended the men of Netanar village [the enemy position on the crest of a hill rebels] were supposed to be in the Kaladan sector (Indo- Burma encamped. The movement was well border). While storming the enemy executed, and all the aboriginals position and demolishing it, he was [tribals] were captured....î Along killed in severe exchange of fire in with others Harma Muria was April 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. 403/ arrested, charged with ëwaging war INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 696-697 WWIM, against the Crowní, and tried II, p.116] between 13 March and 28 April 1910 Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 283

Harnam Singh: Born in 1828 in Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; QT] Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Harpal Singh: Resident of v. Dhirauli Kura Singh; took active part in Babu, Basti, North-Western fighting the British forces in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Muzaffarnagar during the Uprising joined the rebel forces during the of 1857; he was captured by the Great Rising of 1857 in attacking and British troops while defending his plundering the British establishments areas from the enemy attack, and in his neighbourhood; he was caught executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny by the British troops in the course of Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) an encounter and hanged from a tree NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] at Chhaoni, Basti in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Harnarain Agrahari: Resident of v. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Dhannapur, distt. Benaras, the United Provinces (now Uttar Harpal: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh Pradesh). He took a leading part in a [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar mob attack on Dhannapur Thana to Pradesh); he joined hands with the avenge the deaths of 3 protesters in rebels of his area and fought against the police firing on a rally held on 16 the British during the Uprising of August 1942 during the ìQuit Indiaî 1857; he was killed in the battle of movement. Four policemen, along Chinhat, Lucknow, while resisting with Inspector in-Charge of the the British troops on 20 June 1857. police station were killed by the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny attacking mob on the same day. He Basta, UPRAA; QT] was arrested and was made an accused in that incident. After the Harpall Singh: Resident of Muzaffar- trial for two and a half years, three nagar, the North-Western Provinces persons were sentenced to death, (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the including Harnarain Agrahari. As fighting against the British during the accused no. 44, he was hanged in late 1857 Rising in his area; he also incited 1944. [H/Poll. 1 No. 3/31/44, NAI; his neighbours to attack the British SSG, 4, pp. 66-67] and their loyalists and plunder their houses and offices; he was caught by Harpal Singh: Resident of Lucknow, the the British while marching for an Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in attack on a British establishment, and Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the hanged in 1858. [Mutiny Records, rebelsí fighting against the British Abst. Proc. Judl. Deptt. NWP, Vol.74 during the Uprising of 1857, and also (1858), UPSAL] encouraged other people to attack the British; he was killed by the British Hasan Beg: Resident of Lucknow, the in an encounter in Chinhat, Lucknow, Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); he fought the British forces 284 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

during the Uprising of 1857 and also different places; he was killed by the encouraged others to challenge the British in the midst of an engagement firangi-hukumat (British rule); he was at Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in killed by the British army in an November 1857. [Mutiny Records, engagement at Bailley Guard, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Lucknow, in November 1857. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Hasan Khan: Resident of Puthra, (1858), UPSAL] Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Hasan Khan: Belonged to Futtehpore Pradesh); he participated in the [Fatehpur], the North-Western Uprising of 1857 and fought against Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he the British forces at several places in took part in the Uprising of 1857, and the Hamirpur region; he also led the rebels locally into fighting propagated against the firangis against the British; he also offered (British) and incited the local people financial support to them and to overthrow their rule; he was encouraged them to go for captured during the British re- overthrowing the firangi-hukumat occupation of the Hamirpur, and (British rule); he was killed by the charged with ësedition and rebellion British during their raids on Fatehpur against the Britishí, he was sentenced in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur to death with confiscation of his Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] property in 1859 and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, Hasan Khan: Resident of Agra, the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D North-Western Provinces (now Uttar (1859), MSAB] Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels of his area during the Uprising Hasan Mohomed Khan: Resident of of 1857 and fought at several places Furruckabad [Farrukhabad], the in Agra; he was caught by the British North-Western Provinces (now Uttar army in the course of an engagement, Pradesh); he led the local rebels in and accused of ëmurder and rebellion fighting the British during the against the Britishí; he was sentenced Uprising of 1857; he also provided to death and executed by hanging in financial and physical support to the 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny rebels of the nearby areas; he was Basta, UPRAA] arrested by the British during their re-occupation of the region; charged Hasan Khan: Resident of Lucknow, the with ëaiding and leading the rebellion Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar against the Britishí, and sentenced to Pradesh); he participated in the death in February 1859. [Mutiny resistance against the firangi-hukumat Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) (British rule) during the Uprising of NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 1857, and fought the British army at Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 285

Hashim Allee: Born in Faizabad, the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar participated in the Uprising of 1857, Pradesh); he joined hands with the and led a group of rebels into fighting rebel forces during the Uprising of against the British; he also offered 1857 and proceeded to Lucknow; he financial support to these rebels; he fought against the British in several was captured by the British troops engagements in Lucknow city; he during their raids on Fatehpur in was caught by the British army and 1857, and executed soon thereafter. hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow, [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny in June 1857. [Mutiny Records, Basta, UPRAA] Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1857), Hatim: Resident of Jalalabad, the Oudh UPSAL] [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); cultivator; along with his Hashmat Gujar: Resident of v. Palanger, village fellows, he refused to oblige distt. Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; the British forces with the supply of s/o Jhanda Gujar. He actively rasad (provisions) at Jalalabad during participated in the political move- the Uprising of 1857; he was caught ment for responsible government in by the British troops and hanged in Jammu and Kashmir State. He was November 1857; his entire village was killed in the State Armyís firing on a also ransacked by the British demonstration he took part at Rajouri soldiers. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow in October 1931, to protest against Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] the Maharajaís autocratic rule in the State. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Hazari Lal: Belonged to Lucknow, the Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.118] Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Hasmat Khan: Belonged to Bareilly, fighting against the British during the Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel Uprising of 1857, and also encoura- forces under the leadership of Khan ged others for overthrowing the Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader of British power; he died while the Rohilkhand region), and fought confronting the British army in the against the British forces at several battle of Chinhat, Lucknow, on 20 places during the Uprising of 1857; June 1857. [Mutiny Records, he was captured by the advancing Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] British troops in an encounter, and executed by hanging in 1860 at Hazari Ram Pandey: Born on 10 June Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Abst. 1878 in v. Bankat Baraut, distt. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), Allahabad, the United Provinces UPSAL; WWIM, III, pp.68.69] (now Uttar Pradesh). Before his participation in the ìQuit Indiaî Hatim Alee Beg: Resident of Futtehpore demonstration as a political mobiliser, [Fatehpur], the North-Western he had already served more than ten 286 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

yearsí imprisonment for taking part engagement in the Allahabad area in several political movements and hanged from a tree in 1857. [PP, against the British Government. In Further Paper No.1] August 1942 he received severe bullet wounds in the police firing on the Heera Lall: Born in Ghuttea, Agra, the procession he led, and succumbed to North-Western Provinces (now Uttar these injuries on the same day. [H/ Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the p.262] Contingent Guards of the Agra Central Prison; he left the British Hazrat Ali: Resident of v. Kheri, employment during the Uprising of Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western 1857 and joined the rebel forces of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took the Agra area; he fought the British part in the Uprising of 1857 and in several engagements in the Agra- accompanied the rebels in their Mathura region; he was killed by the attacks on the British positions; he advancing British soldiers in the also provided arms and ammunitions course of their attacks on the rebels to the rebels; he was captured by the in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra British troops in one of their raids Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, on his village and executed by Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- Heera Lall: Resident of Ghazeepoor 59), UPSAL] [Ghazipur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Hazrat Khan: Resident of the Oudh Thakoor [Thakur]; he joined the [Awadh] Province (now Uttar rebel forces of his area and fought Pradesh); he joined hands with the the British at several places in rebels in fighting and overthrowing Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; the British during the Uprising of he also offered financial support to 1857; he participated in the rebel other rebels for buying arms; he was attack on the British troops in his caught at the time of the British re- village; he was captured there by the occupation of the Ghazipur region, British and hanged in1858. [Mutiny and executed by hanging in 1859. Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Basta, UPRAA]

Hedayut Khan: Resident of Kotwali, Heera Loll: Resident of Etawah, the Allahabad, the North-Western North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Pradesh); he joined hands with the participated in the Uprising of 1857 rebels of his area during the Uprising and fought against the British in the of 1857, and fought against the Allahabad region; he was caught by British forces at various places; he the British troops in the course of an also incited the local people to attack Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 287

the British offices; he was killed while rebels during the Uprising of 1857, confronting the advancing British and also encouraged other people to army in Etawah in 1858. [Mutiny take part in fighting against the Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, firangi-hukumat (British rule); he UPRAA] fought the British at several places in the Agra-Mathura region; caught Heera Loll: Resident of Shahjehnpoor by the British troops in the midst of [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western an engagement, and accused of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); ësedition and rebellion against the Kaith; he was a Sepoy in the C. Britishí, he was sentenced to death Company under the British-Indian 1858 with confiscation of his army; he left the British employment property; he was executed by during the Uprising of 1857, joined hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, hands with the rebels and fought Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] against the British; he was caught in 1858 while resisting the advancing Heera Singh: Hailed from Allygurh British forces, and sentenced to [Aligarh], the North-Western death on the charges of ëdesertion Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he and mutiny against the British participated in the Uprising of 1857 authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra and also incited the local people to Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. raise arms against the firangi-hukumat Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] (British rule); he marched into Delhi, joined hands with the rebels there Heera Singh: Belonged to Agra, the and fought the British troops; he was North-Western Provinces (now Uttar caught by the British after their re- Pradesh); he was a Sepoy in the occupation of Delhi, and charged Armed Guards Contingent at the with ësedition and rebellion against Agra Central Prison; he left the the Britishí; he was sentenced to British service in June 1857 to take death and shot dead in 1857. [Mutiny part in the fighting against the British Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) during the Uprising of 1857. Along F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] with others, he marched towards Delhi and joined the rebel forces Heera Singh: Resident of Lucknow, the there; he died while resisting the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar advancing British army in the Delhi Pradesh); took part in the Uprising region in September 1857. [Mutiny of 1857 in the Lucknow region; he Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, fought against the British forces on UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, various occasions, and was NAI] eventually, caught by the British during a confrontation; he was Heera Singh: Born in Agra, the North- imprisoned on the charges of ëmurder Western Provinces (now Uttar and rebellioní and sentenced to death Pradesh); he joined hands with the in April 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. 288 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), at several places in Etah. He died in UPSAL] 1858 while resisting the advancing British forces. [Mutiny Records, Heera Singh: Resident of Shaharanpur, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; the North-Western Provinces (now Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), Uttar Pradesh), Brahmin; he came to UPSAL] Delhi during 1857 Uprising and joined hands with the rebel force Heera: Resident of Humeerpoor against the British; he was caught by [Hamirpur], the North-Western the British troops during their re- Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he occupation of Delhi in September participated in the Uprising of 1857 1857, charged with ërebellion against and fought against the British forces the Britishí, he was sentenced to at several places in the Hamirpur death and executed by hanging on region; he also led a group of rebels 10 December 1857. [Mutiny Records, in seizing the British treasury; he was Judl. Deptt., (Delhi Div), F.No.3 captured during the British re- (1858), HSAP] occupation of Hamirpur, and charged with ëlooting and rebellion against Heera: Resident of Charsoodurwaza, the Britishí, he was sentenced to Agra, the North-Western Provinces death in 1858 and hanged soon (now Uttar Pradesh); he was a thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Duffadar [Dafadar] with the Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Contingent Guards of the Agra Central Prison under the British Herdeo Singh: Hailed from v. Government; he left the British Khirkhera, Alwar State (now distt. service during the Uprising of 1857 Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now to join the rebelsí fight against the Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He took part British rule; he marched towards in the meeting of the kisan agitators Delhi along with the fellow rebels at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to and fought the British at several remonstrate against the Maharajaís places; he died in 1858 while resisting mal-administration and his land the British onslaught. [Mutiny settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, settlement the Biswedari rights of the UPRAA] Rajputs were forfeited and the land revenue increased by fifty per cent. Heera: Resident of Etah, the North- Though all agriculturists were Western Provinces (now Uttar affected adversely by it, the Rajputs Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy suffered the most. Hearing the news in the A. Company of the British- of this gathering the Maharaja sent Indian army; he left the British his State Army to counter the rallyists service during the Uprising of 1857 at Neemuchana. The troops and joined hands with the rebels of surrounded the village, blocked all his area; he fought against the British the escape routes from it and opened Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 289

fire on the protesters without any May, 14 June 1925; Newspapersí prior warning. With many others, Cuttings, Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Herdeo Singh received bullet Riyasat, 13 November 1936, RSAB; wounds in the indiscriminate firing PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, and died on the spot. Simultaneously, 191 (PA), NAI] the village was set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 Hidayeet: Resident of Furruckabad of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June [Farukhabad], the North-Western 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); soon No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November after the outbreak of the Uprising of 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, 1857, he joined hands with the F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] ëHindustanií forces in the Farrukhabad region, and fought Het Singh: Resident of v. Neemuchana, against the British at various places; teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State he also delivered anti-British (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana speeches exhorting others to fight Agency (now Rajasthan); Thakur. He against the British; he was caught by joined the kisan agitatorsí meeting the British and sentenced to held at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 imprisonment for life in 1858 on the to protest against the Maharajaís mal- charges of ësedition and rebellion administration and his land against the Britishí; he died in jail. settlement policy of 1923-24. In this [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl settlement the Biswedari rights of the Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Rajputs were forfeited and the land revenue increased by fifty per cent. Hikmatullah Pathan: Resident of Though all agriculturists were Kanpur, the North-Western affected adversely by it, the Rajputs Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he suffered the most. Hearing the news was a Deputy Collector at Fatehpur of this gathering of the kisan under the British Government; he agitators, the Maharaja sent his State maintained secret liaison with the Army to deal sternly with the rebel leaders during the Uprising of rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops 1857, and joined them after they surrounded the village, blocked all succeeded in capturing the Fatehpur the escape routes from it and opened region; he worked as chief of the fire on the protesters without any rebel administration in Fetehpur, and prior warning of dispersal. Many of played a prominent role in re- the agitators, including Het Singh, organising the rebel forces; he was received serious bullet wounds in the captured by the British after the indiscriminate firing and Het Singh defeat of the rebels and executed by died of these. Simultaneously with hanging from a tree in 1858. [Mutiny this firing, the village was set on fire Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, by the State troops. [Alwar Judl, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.55] F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 290 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Himachal Singh: Born in 1826 at Thana Indian Army; he volunteered to join Bhavan, Muzaffarnagar, the North- the Indian National Army in 1942 Western Provinces (now Uttar and served it as Section Officer in the Pradesh); Thakur; he participated in Ist Guerrilla Regiment; while the Uprising against the British rule confronting the British forces on the in 1857, and also incited the local Burma (now Myanmar) front, he people to attack the British died in action in 1943. [INA Papers, establishments; he was killed while F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA (1945), NAI; fighting against the British forces in WWIM, II, p.120] Muzaffarnagar in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Himmut Singh: Resident of Goodree Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.55] Mansoor Khan, Agra, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Himachal Singh: Resident of Pradesh); Thakur; he was a Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Contingent Guards of the Agra joined the rebel forces in their Central Prison; he left the British fighting against the British during the employment during the Uprising of Uprising of 1857; he accompanied the 1857 and joined hands with the rebels rebels in their attack on the British of the Agra region; he fought the holdings, and assisted them in every British troops in several engage- possible way; he was killed at last in ments in the Agra-Mathura area; he the course of an attack on his area by was killed by the advancing British the British in 1858. [Mutiny Records, forces during their onslaughts on the Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- rebels in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra 59), UPSAL] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Himmat Singh Patel: Resident of Narsinghpur, Madhya Pradesh; he Hingun Khan: Belonged to Allahabad, fought the British forces at several the North-Western Provinces (now places in the Narsinghpur region Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the during the Uprising of 1857; he was fighting against the British during the caught by the British troops during Uprising of 1857, and led the rebels an engagement in 1857; he was in attacking and killing the British in executed by hanging. [Mutiny Allahabad; he was caught by the Records, Poll. F. No. 10B (1857), British in one of their raids on the MPSAB; TFWI, I p.61] rebels in Allahabad, and charged with ëmurder and leading the Himmat Singh: Resident of the Garhwal rebellion against the Britishí; he was Division, the United Provinces (now sentenced to death in July 1857, and Uttarakhand); he was a Quarter- hanged; his property was also Master Havildar [Hawaldar] in the 5/ confiscated. [Mutiny Records, PP, 18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.225] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 291

Hingun Khan: Resident of Allahabad, against the British at Charbag on 25 North-Western Provinces (now Uttar September 1857, he was killed by the Pradesh); he was a Chuprasee enemy on the battle ground. [Mutiny [Chaprasi] under the British authority, Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, but left it during the Uprising of 1857 UPRAA; L 1857, p.158] and rendered his services to the rebel forces in their fighting against the Hira Lal Sharma: Resident of distt. British in the Allahabad region; he Benaras (Varanasi), the United also incited local people to raise their Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o arms against the firangis (British); he Sharma. He took part in a procession was caught by the British troops at at the Dasaswamedh Ghat during the the time of their attacks on the ìQuit Indiaî movement on 13August Allahabad area, and charged with 1942. He received bullet wounds in ërebellion against the Britishí; he was the police firing on the processio- sentenced to death in July 1857 and nists there and died of those injuries executed by hanging. [Mutiny on the spot. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/ Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; 42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.333; BCA, p. TIM, p.206] 107]

Hingun Mussulman: Resident of Hira Singh: Beonged to Alwar, Allahabad, the North-Western Rajasthan, he joined the Uprising of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he 1857, and trained a group of rebels joined hands with the local rebels to fight the British forces in the during the Uprising of 1857 and Alwar region; along with his fought against the British troops in associates, he also marched towards the Allahabad-Fatehpur region; he Delhi to assist the Delhi rebel forces was caught by the British in one of and fought the British; he was caught their raids on Allahabad, and in the course of an engagement and charged with ëmurder and rebellion hanged in 1857. [Mutiny Records, against the Britishí; he was sentenced Poll Deptt. Part 1, Vol. No. 44 (1858), to death in June 1857 with MSAB] confiscation of his property; he was executed by hanging. [Mutiny Hira Singh Manral: Born in v. Songaon, Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Distt. Almora, the United Provinces UPRAA; TIM, p.218] (now Uttarakhand); he was in the service of the British- Indian Army Hira Lal Hakim: Belonged to Lucknow, as a Sepoy till 1943; then he decided the Awadh Province (now Uttar to shift his loyalty to the Indian Pradesh); he joined hands with the National Army and joined it in rebel forces and fought the British Malaya; he was sent to fight the on various occasions during the Allied forces on the Burma Uprising of 1857; commanding (Myanmar) front, he died there in Lashkar (Division) of rebel army 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, 292 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, Agency, Indore (now Madhya p.188] Pradesh); staunch follower of Shahzada Firuz, a charismatic Muslim Hira Singh: Born on 8 July 1818 in v. Haji, leader of the 1857 Rising, who Nanta, Kota State (now distt. Kota), drove the British out from Mandsaur Rajputana (now Rajasthan); Risaldar with the help of hundreds of his rebel in the Kota State Army; participated followers in August 1857; he also in the military and civil uprising played a prominent role in leading against the British and the Maharao Shahizadís rebel forces in attacking of Kota State in 1857; joined the rebel the British Cantonment at Mahidpur soldiers who attacked on the Political on 8 November 1857 and in resisting Agency at Kota on 15 October 1857, the British reinforcement near resulting in the murder of Captain Khichipura; in the battle of Gauria on C.E. Burton, Political Agent, and his 23 November 1857, he died fighting two sons; also participated in the against the British troops. [Mutiny siege of Kota Fort in November 1857; Papers, IV, NAIB; WWIM, III, pp.55- Hira Singh was killed while fighting 56] against the loyal troops of the Maharao of Kota. [F/Poll, Nos 1-2, Hira Singh: Resident of v. Hingutgarh, September 1858; F/Poll ëAí, Nos 428- distt. Benaras (Varanasi), the United 36, February 1858, NAI; Sujas, No 4, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He June-July 1998, Jaipur, p.80; RSG, took part in the Salt Satyagraha of p.93, RKSS, pp.124-43] 1930, as well as in the ìQuit Indiaî movement of 1942. On 13 August Hira Singh: Resident of Almora, 1942 when the police fired on the Kumaon Division, the United saboteurs for their attempt at setting Provinces (now Uttarakhand); served the Dhanapur police station on fire, as Sepoy in the 4/19 Hyderabad he was severely wounded in that Regiment in the British-Indian Army; firing and died there on the spot. [H/ shifted his loyalty to the Indian poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, National Army in Malaya in 1942 and p.137] joined the 1st Guerilla Regiment; deployed on the Burma (now Hiraman: Resident of v. Narahi, distt. Myanmar) front to confront the Ballia, the United Provinces (now British-led Allied forces; his regiment Uttar Pradesh); s/o Raghunath. He faced an air-raid at Toungoo Camp, took active part in the ìQuit Indiaî Burma, in July 1944 and he was killed movement of 1942. He was killed in it. [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, when the British police fired on an 498/INA (1945), 379/INA (1946); anti-British demonstration he NAI; EBIFF, II; p.474] participated at Ballia in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; Hira Singh: Resident of Mandsaur town, WWIM, II, p.121; BCA, p. 118] Malwa region, the Central India Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 293

Hiramani Upreti: Resident of v. by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Meleepar, Deghat, p.o. Choukot, Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.203] distt. Almora, Kumaon Division, United Provinces (now Uttara- Hoolas: Resident of Allahabad, the khand); cultivator; he, along with his North-Western Provinces (now Uttar brother Harikrishna, participated in Pradesh); he was a sepoy in the a procession during the ìQuit Indiaî Native Infantry of the British-Indian movement at Deghat (Almora) in army, left the service to join hands 1942; when the British forces tried with the rebel forces during the to stop the procession and opened Uprising of 1857; he fought against fire on it, Hiramani and his brother the British troops at various places were wounded seriously and died in the Allahabad-Fatehpur region; he soon thereafter. [PCJ Papers, Acc. was caught by the British during an No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), encounter in Allahabad, and NAI; WWIM, I, p.370; ; SSKS, KD: p.3; sentenced to death in June 1857 on BSAS: p. 130] the charges of ëdesertion and rebellion against the Britishí; he was Hisamuddaula: Resident of Lucknow, hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny the Oudh (Awadh) Province (now Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with UPRAA; TIM, p.217] the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 and led the rebel froces in attacking Hoolashee: Belonged to Oudh [Awadh] the British authorities in Lucknow on Province (now Uttar Pradesh); several occasions; he died while Rajput; he came to Delhi during the fighting against the British army at Uprising of 1857 and took part in Hazratganj, Lucknow in 1858. fighting against the British troops; he [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny was caught by the British at the time Basta, UPRAA] of their re-occupation of Delhi in September 1857, charged with Hookimah: Belonged to Allahabad, the ërebellion against the Britishí, he was North-Western Provinces (now Uttar sentenced to death and executed by Pradesh); he participated in the hanging on 18 January 1858. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought against Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div), the British force at several places in F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] the Allahabad region; he also took part in plundering the British Hosein Khan: Resident of Banda, the properties and using the proceeds for North-Western Provinces (now Uttar buying arms; he was caught by the Pradesh); Subsequent to his active British troops during their attacks on participation in the Uprising of 1857, the rebels, and charged with ëhaving he was captured by the British troops plundered the property and rebellion during their advancement in the against the Britishí; he was sentenced Banda region; on the charges of to death in July 1857 and executed ëtaking part in the rebellion against 294 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

the Britishí, he was hanged in 1858 British troops during an encounter and his property was confiscated and and charged with ëdesertion and handed over to the British loyalists. mutinyí; he was sentenced to death [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny and executed by hanging on 25 July Basta, UPRAA] 1857. [Mutiny Records, Poll. Deptt. Vol. I, No. 43 B (1859), MSAB] Hoseinbux: Belonged to Allahabad, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Hubeeb: Resident of Ghazeepoor Pradesh); he was a Chuprasee [Ghazipur], the North-Western [Chaprasi] under the British authority, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he but left it and participated in the fought the British forces at several Uprising of 1857;he was with the places in Ghazipur during the rebels to fight the British at various Uprising of 1857; he also offered places in the Allahabad region and financial support to the neighbour- also incited the people to raise arms hood for buying arms and attacking against the firangi-hukumat (British the British; he was caught by the rule); he was caught by the British British after their re-occupation of the troops during their raids on the Ghazipur region, and executed by Allahabad area, and convicted on the hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, charges of ërobbery and rebellion Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death in July 1857 and executed Hudayut Khan: Resident of Banda, the by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.209] Pradesh); a participant in the Uprising of 1857, he was caught by the British Hoshyar Khan: Belonged to Futtehpore troops during their operation in the [Fatehpur], the North-Western Banda region and hanged on the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he charges of ëtaking part in the rebellion participated in the Uprising of 1857, against the Britishí; his property was and encouraged his neighbours to also confiscated and handed over to join the fight against the British; he the British loyalists. [Mutiny Records, was captured by the British troops Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll in the course of an encounter in Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] Fatehpur in 1857, and executed soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Hudoot Singh: Resident of Moorwa, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Hriday Shah: Belonged to Madhya Pradesh); he joined hands with the Pradesh; he was in the service of the rebels of his area during the Uprising British-Indian army but left it during of 1857, and fought the British forces the Uprising of 1857; he fought on several occasions; caught by the against the British forces in the British in the course of an Mandla region; he was caught by the engagement, he was accused of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 295

ëplundering the British property and charged with ëmurder and rebellion rebellion against the Britishí; he was against the Britishí; he was sentenced sentenced to death and hanged in to death and executed in 1857. 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Srs.), UPRAA] Hunooman Pershaud: Resident of Hulari: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh Allahabad, North-Western Provinces [Awadh] Province (now Uttar (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces in the Uprising of 1857 and fought and fought the British at various against the British forces at various places in Lucknow during the places in the Allahabad region; he also Uprising of 1857; he also took part in incited the local people to take up plundering the British properties to (thier) arms against the firangis raise funds for buying arms; he died (British); he was caught by the British while confronting the British army troops during their attacks on the at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March Allahabad area, and charged with 1858. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow ërobbery and rebellion against the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Britishí; he was sentenced to death in July 1857 and executed by Hulli Bhoi: Resident of Harrakot, hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Panchmarhi, Madhya Pradesh; joined Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.209] the anti-British rebel forces of Jagirdar Vibhuti Singh and acted as Hur Lall: Resident of Mynpoory the commander of the fight against [Mainpuri], the North-Western the British troops during the Uprising Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); of 1857; he fought continuously from Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. 1859 till his capture by the British Company of the British-Indian army; forces in January 1860, imprisoned he stopped serving the British during for long in the Jabalpur Central jail, the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands he was put on the gallows in 1862. with the rebels to fight the British; [Mutiny Papers, III, NAIB; WWIM, he was caught in 1858 while resisting III, p.57] the British troops, and sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion Humeed Beg: Hailed from Allygurh and mutiny against the British [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. fighting the British during the Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Uprising of 1857 in Aligarh for some time, and thereafter marched on to Hurbhan: Resident of Uta, Gwalior (now Delhi, and joined hands with the Uttar Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he rebels; he was caught by the British was a Sepoy in the A. Company of soon after the fall of Delhi, and the British-Indian army; he left the 296 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

British service during the Uprising he left the British service during the of 1857 and joined hands with the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands rebels of his area; he fought the with the rebel forces to fight against British forces at several places; he the British rule; he fought the British died in 1858 while confronting the at several places and he died in 1858 advancing British forces. [Mutiny while resisting the advancing British Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. 59), UPSAL] Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL]

Hurchurn Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, Hurdeva: Born in Bulandsharer, the Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the Uprising Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he of 1857 and fought the British at joined hands with the rebels of his various places in Bulandshaher; in area during the Uprising of 1857 and course of fighting he was captured fought the British forces on several by the British and put on trial on the occasions; he was caught by the chargers of ëplundering and British in the course of an encounter rebellion.í He was convicted and in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged sentenced to the transportation for in 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, life; prior to the carrying of his Jhansi (Div.) Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] sentence, he died in the Meerut Jail Hospital on 29 June 1859. [Mutiny Hurdeo: Born in Rawutparha, Agra, the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) North-Western Provinces (now Uttar NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Pradesh); Uheer [Aheer]; he was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the Hurdut Singh: Resident of Gwalee, Contingent Guards of the Agra Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Central Prison; he left the British Western Provinces (now Uttar service during the Uprising of 1857 Pradesh); he joined hands with the and joined the rebel forces of the rebels of his area during the Uprising Agra area; he fought the British at of 1857, and fought the British forces several places in the Agra-Mathura on several occasions; he was caught regions; he died in the midst of the by the British in the course of an British attacks on the rebels in 1858. engagement, accused of ëplundering [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, the British property and rebellion UPRAA] against the Britishí, sentenced to death and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Hurdeo: Resident of Kuchaihree Ghaut, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ Agra, the North-Western Provinces Per. Srs.), UPRAA] (now Uttar Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy in the A. Huree Singh: Hailed from Banda, the Company of the British-Indian army; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 297

Pradesh); he joined hands with the positions in 1858. [Mutiny Records, rebels during the Uprising of 1857, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll provided financial support to the local Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] rebels and incited them to raise their arms against the firangis (British); he Hurjeet: Resident of the North-Western was caught in the course of an Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); engagement with the British troops Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. in Banda, and charged with ësedition, Company of the British-Indian army; aiding and abetting the rebellion he left the British service during the against the Britishí, he was sentenced Uprising of 1857 and joined hands to death with confiscation of his with the rebels to fight against the property in May 1858 and executed British; he was caught in 1858 while by hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny resisting the British forces, and Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, sentenced to death on the charges of UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) ëdesertion and mutiny against the (1858), MSAB] British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Hurgobind Singh: Zamindar of mouzah Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), Mundawul, Goruckpore [Gorakh- UPSAL] pur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Hurnarain Roy: Resident of Jhukhan, rebels during the Rising of 1857 and Azimgurh [Azamgarh], the North- fought against the British; at several Western Provinces (now Uttar places in Gorakhpur; arrested by the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he fought British forces, and charged with the British forces at several places in ëmurder and rebellioní; he was Azamgarh during the Uprising of sentenced to death in July 1859. 1857; he also offered financial support [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl to the rebels for buying arms to Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] attack the British establishments; he was caught by the British at the time Hurgobind: Born in Jugunpoor, Agra, of their re-occupation of the the North-Western Provinces (now Azamgarh region, and executed by Uttar Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Contingent Guards of the Agra Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D (1859), Central Prison; he left the British MSAB] service during the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands with the rebels of Hurnarm: Resident of, the North- the Agra area; he fought the British Western Provinces (now Uttar troops in several engagements in the Pradesh); Nayee [Nai]; he was a Agra-Mathura regions; he was killed Sepoy in the A. Company of the by the advancing British army at the British-Indian army; he left the time of its attacks on the rebel British service during the Uprising 298 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

of 1857 and fought against the British took part in the Uprising of 1857 and at several places in his region; he also encouraged other people to raise died in 1858 while resisting the their arms and overthrow the firangi- advancing British forces. [Mutiny hukumat (British rule); he marched on Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, to Delhi, joined hands with the rebels UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- there and fought the British troops; 59), UPSAL] he was caught by the British after their re-occupation of Delhi, and Hurree Singh: Hailed from muza charged with ësedition and rebellion Jugunpoor [Jaganpur], Agra, the against the Britishí; he was sentenced North-Western Provinces (now Uttar to death and shot dead in 1857. Pradesh); he was a Naick [Naik] in [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi the Armed Guards Contingent at the Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Agra Central Prison, but left the British service in June 1857 to join the Husain Ali Khan: Resident of Lucknow, Uprising of 1857. Along with his the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now comrades, he marched towards Delhi Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the and joined the rebel forcesí armed fight against the British during the struggle against the British rule; he Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged died in September 1857 while others to raise their arms for fighting the advancing British army overthrowing the British power; he for the defence of Delhi. [Mutiny was killed by the British army in an Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, encounter at Bailley Guard, UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, Lucknow, in November 1857. NAI] [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Hurree Singh: Resident of Jugunpoor, (1858), UPSAL] Agra, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Tanwar; he was Husain Bakhsh: Belonged to the North- a Naick [Naik] in the A. Company of Western Provinces (now Uttar the British-Indian army; he left the Pradesh); he took part in the British service during the Uprising Uprising of 1857 and also helped his of 1857 and fought against the British neighbourhood in fighting against the at several places in his region; he British authorities; he proceeded to died in 1858 while resisting the Delhi, joined the rebel forces there, advancing British forces. [Mutiny and fought the British in several Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, engagements; he died while UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- confronting the advancing British 59), UPSAL] army in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll. No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Hursookh Lall: Resident of Allygurh Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] [Aligarh], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Husein Allee: Belonged to Kanpur, the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 299

North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the anti-British Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebel forces during the Uprising of rebels of his area and fought against 1857; also took part in attacking the the British rule during the Uprising British establishments in Kanpur in of 1857; he was killed while resisting June 1857; when the British were the advancing British army in the making a comeback in Kanpur Kanpur region in 1857. [Mutiny between July and December 1857, he Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, was caught by them; accused of UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) ëtaking part in plundering and (1858), MSAB] rebellion against the Britishí, Khan was sentenced to death in December Husein Bux: Resident of Etawah, the 1857 and executed soon thereafter. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny Pradesh); he took part in the Basta UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 Uprising of 1857, and fought against (VII) (1858), MSAB] the British forces in several engagements; he also incited the local Hussun Allee: Hailed from Unnao, the people and encouraged them to North-Western Provinces (now Uttar attack the British; he died while Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces resisting the advancing British army soon after the outbreak of the 1857 in Etawah in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Uprising; he marched towards Delhi Etawah Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] while fighting against the British forces; he escaped to his region after Husein Khan: Resident of Katra, the British re-occupation of Delhi in Allahabad, North-Western Provinces September 1857; he died in 1858 while (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the resisting the advancing British army rebel forces of his area during the in the Unnao region. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and participated in Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, the fighting against the British; he UPRAA] also took part in seizing the British treasury and making use of its Hussun Beg: Hailed from Allygurh contents for buying arms; he was [Aligarh], the North-Western caught by the British troops in the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he course of their marches into gave financial support to the local Allahabad, and accused of ëtheft and rebels during the Uprising of 1857 rebellion against the Britishí; he was and incited them to kill the firangis hanged from a tree in 1857. [Mutiny (British); he also marched on to Delhi, Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, joined hands with the rebel forces UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) there and fought the British on (1858), MSAB] several occasions; he was caught by the British after their re-occupation Hussain Khan: Resident of (Kanpur), the of Delhi, and charged with ëaiding North-Western Provinces (now Uttar and abetting the rebellion against the 300 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Britishí; he was sentenced to death Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to and executed in 1857. [Mutiny remonstrate against the Maharajaís Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) oppressive administration and his F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] land settlement policy of 1923-24. In this settlement the Biswedari rights of Hussun Khan: Belonged to Allahabad, the Rajputs were forfeited and the the North-Western Provinces (now land tax increased by fifty per cent. Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel Though all agriculturists were forces in their fighting against the affected adversely by it, the Rajputs British during the Uprising of 1857; suffered the most. Hearing the news he also took part in plundering the of this gathering, the Maharaja sent British properties and using their his State Army to counter the rallyists proceeds for meeting the military at Neemuchana. The troops expenses; he was caught by the surrounded the village, blocked all British in the course of their attacks the exit routes from it and opened on the rebels in Allahabad, and fire on the protesters without any accused of ërobbery and rebellion prior warning. Huwa Singh received against the Britishí; he was sentenced deep bullet wounds in the to death in July 1857 and executed indiscriminate firing and died on the by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, spot. Simultaneously, the village was Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.204] also set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, Hutta Kulloo: Resident of Aligarh, the RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, Pradesh); coinciding with the F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, spreading of the Uprising of 1857, he RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, joined hands with the anti-colonial F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] forces against the British in Aligarh and its surrounding areas; he was Hybut Khan: Resident of Humeerpoor caught by the British army in the [Hamirpur], the North-Western midst of fighting in Aligarh; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he imprisoned on the charge of ëmurder joined hands with the rebels during and rebellion against the British the Uprising of 1857 and fought authoritiesí; he died in detention in against the British forces at various April 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. places; he also incited others to assist Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), the rebels in fighting against the UPSAL] firangis (British); he was killed in an engagement with the British army in Huwa Singh: Hailed from v. Alampore, Hamirpur in 1858; his property was Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the confiscated later on. [Mutiny Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, Rajput; participated in a meeting of UPRAA] the kisan agitators held at Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 301

Hyder: Resident of Allahabad, the captured by the British during their North-Western Provinces (now Uttar raids on Allahabad, and charged with Pradesh); he was a Chaprassie ësedition and taking part in the [Chaprasi] in a Government office; he rebellion against the Britishí; left the service to join the Uprising sentenced to death, he was hanged of 1857; he also incited other people in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad in his work place to join the rebels in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; TIM, p.220] fighting aginst the British rule; he was 302 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

II

Ibrahim Ali Khan alias Abdullah North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Khan: Resident of Jaipur State (now Pradesh); he joined the rebels in distt. Jaipur), the Rajputana Agency fighting the British forces during the (now Rajasthan); s/o Abdul Karim Uprising of 1857; he also participated Khan; took part in the 1857 rebellion in attacking and plundering the in Jodhpur; arrested from Paota, British establishments; he was caught Jodhpur State (now distt. Jodhpur), in the course of a combat and charged sent to the Assistant Political Agent, with ëplundering, murder and Kanod, and hanged. [F/Deptt, Part rebellion against the Britishí; A, F. No. 7-9, dated May 1860; F/ sentenced to death, he was executed Deptt, Poll No. 180, dated 19 in July 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Novemebr 1860; NAI, cited in RSG, Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), V 2, pp.92-93] UPSAL]

Ibrahim Khan: Resident of Malwa, the Ilahee Bux: Resident of Futtehpore Central India Agency [now Madhya [Fatehpur], the North-Western Prradesh]; formerly served as a Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Sepoy in the Native Infantry of the joined hands with the rebel forces in British-Indian Army; he deserted it fighting against the British during the and joined the rebel forces; took part Uprising of 1857; he was caught by in the Uprising of 1857 in the Malwa the British troops and charged with region; in the course of fighting he ëmurder and rebellion against the was captured by the British troops Britishí; sentenced to death in and given the capital punishment on December 1858, his property was also 26 February 1857. [Mutiny Papers, III, confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Abst. NAIB; WWIM, III, p.58] Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Ikbalmund Khan: Belonged to Furrukhabad [Farukhabad], the Ilahi Bakhsh II: Resident of the North- Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 303

Western Provinces (now Uttar decided to volunteer his services to Pradesh); he took part in the the Indian National Army and joined Uprising of 1857 and also offered it in Malaya. On his becoming a arms to the rebels for attacking the regular of the INA, he was sent to British authorities; he proceeded to Burma (Myanmar) front for taking Delhi, joined the rebel forces there, part in the battles against the British. and fought the British in several He died there in action in 1944. [INA engagements; he died while fighting Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, the advancing British forces in II, p.122] defence of Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Illahee Buksh: Born in Shahgunj, Agra, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Shaikh; he was a Ilahi Bakhsh: Belonged to the North- Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the Western Provinces (now Uttar Contingent Guards of the Agra Pradesh); he took part in the Central Prison; he left the British Uprising of 1857 and also stood by employment during the Uprising of his neighbourhood in their fighting 1857 and joined the rebels of the Agra against the British forces; he marched region; he fought the British at towards Delhi, joined the rebels several places in the Agra-Mathura there, and fought the British in area; he was killed by the advancing different engagements; he was killed British forces in the course of their while resisting the advancing British onslaught on the rebels in 1858. forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, UPRAA] Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Illahee Bux: Resident of Meerut, the Ilahi Bux: Belonged to Kanpur, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Sheikh; he went up to Delhi Pradesh); he took part in the to join the rebels in fighting the Uprising of 1857, and encountered British during the Uprising of 1857; the British at several places in he also provided financial support to Kanpur; he also offered arms to the the rebel forces for procuring arms local people and encouraged them to and ammunitions; he was captured attack the firangis (British); he died by the British at the time of their re- while defending Kanpur against the occupation of Delhi in September advancing British army in 1857. 1857; charged with ëaiding and [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny abetting the rebellion against the Basta, UPRAA] Britishí; he was sentenced to death, and executed by hanging on 18 Ilam Chand: Born in v. Saraspur, distt. January 1858. [Mutiny Records, Judl. Meerut, the United Provinces (now Deptt. (Delhi Div), F.No.3 (1858), Uttar Pradesh); s/o Munna Ram. He HSAP] 304 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Illahi Baksh: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar ëplundering and rebellion against the Pradesh; Shaikh; he was a Sepoy in Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad the Armed Guards Contingent at the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Agra Central Prison; he left the British service in June 1857 to Illahi Bux: Resident of Futtehpore participate in the Uprising of 1857. [Fatehpur], the North-Western Along with others, he marched Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he towards Delhi and joined the rebelsí participated in the Uprising of 1857, fighting against the British; he died and encouraged his neighbours to while resisting the advancing British raise their arms against the British army in the Delhi region in rule; he also offered financial support September 1857. [Mutiny Records, to the rebels for buying arms; he was Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny killed by the British troops during Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] their attacks on Fatehpur in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Illahi Buksh: Resident of Bijnorr [Bijnor], Basta, UPRAA] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Sheikh; he was a Illahi Khan: Belonged to Humeerpoor Sepoy in the B. Company of the [Hamirpur], the North-Western British-Indian army; he left the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he British employment during the took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Uprising of 1857 and joined hands fought against the British forces at a with the rebels for taking part in number of places in the Hamirpur fighting against the British rule; he region; he also provided arms to the was caught in 1858 while resisting the local rebels and encouraged them to British forces, and sentenced to attack the British establishments; he death on the charges of ëdesertion was caught during an engagement and mutiny against the British with the British troops, and charged authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, with ëmurder, aiding and abetting the Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. rebellion against the Britishí; he was Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] sentenced to death with confiscation of property in 1859 and executed by Illahi Bux: Resident of Allahabad, the hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); he joined hands with the UPRAA] rebels of his locality during the Uprising of 1857 and participated in Imad Alee: Hailed from Allahabad, the the fight against the British; he also North-Western Provinces (now Uttar took part in plundering the British Pradesh); he was a Chuprasee establishments; he was caught by the [Chprasi] under the British authority, British troops in the course of their but left it and participated in the raids on Allahabad, and hanged from Uprising of 1857; he took part in a tree in 1857 on the charges of fighting the British at various places Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 305

in the Allahabad area and also incited advancing British troops in Banda, the people to raise their arms against and charged with ësedition, aiding the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he and abetting the rebellion against the was caught by the British troops Britishí; sentenced to death with during their raids on the Allahabad confiscation of his property in May region, and convicted on the charges 1858, he was executed by hanging. of ërobbery and rebellion against the [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Britishí; he was sentenced to death Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 in July 1857 and executed by (IX) (1858), MSAB] hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.209] Imam Allee: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; Shaikh; he was a Sepoy in Imam Ali: born in 1788, distt. Saugor, the Permanent Armed Guards at the Jubbulpore Division (now Madhya Agra Central Prison; he was deputed Pradesh); s/o Meer Sultan Ali; served at Bulandshahar on escort duty, but as British authorityís security guard left the British service in June 1857 at Rahatgarh fort; he deserted it and to join the Uprising of 1857. Along joined Nawab Fazil Mohammad with others he marched towards Khanís anti-British rebel troops Delhi and took part in fighting during their occupation of Rahatgarh against the British; he died while in October 1857; he fought from 24 confronting the advancing British to 28 January 1858 against the British army in the Delhi region in troops who came to re-occupy September 1857. [Mutiny Records, Rahatgarh Fort under Sir Hugh Rose; Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny in the course of the fighting he was Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] captured and charged with ësedition and rebellion against the Britishí; he Imam Allee: Resident of Saugor (Sagar), was executed by hanging at Madhya Pradesh; s/o Mir Sooltan Rahatgarh Fort on 29 January 1858 Allee; he joined hands with the rebels along with thirty rebels during the Uprising of 1857 and (approximately). [Mutiny Papers, fought against the British and the Vol. VI, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 loyalist forces in the Sagar region; he (IX) (1858), MSAB] took part in the defence of the Rahatgarh fort against the British Imam allee Khan: Resident of Banda, the onslaught; caught after the fall of the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar fort, he was executed by the British Pradesh); he took part in the army on 25 February 1858. [Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought against Papers, Vol. No. II, NAIB] the British forces in the Banda region; he also offered financial support to Imam Ally Shah: Born in v. Khujuwur, the local people and incited them to Meerut, the North-Western kill the firangis (British); he was caught Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); during an engagement with the Faqueer; he took part in the Uprising 306 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

of 1857 and also incited his [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny neighbourhood to raise its arms Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP against the British rule; he fought the (1858-59), UPSAL] British forces in several engage- ments; he was caught by the British Imam Baksh: Resident of Banda, the after the defeat of the rebel forces in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the Meerut region, and charged with Pradesh); Sheikh; he led a group of ëmurder and plundering the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 Government property during the and fought at several places in Banda; rebellioní; he was sentenced to death he also propagated against the British in 1858 and executed by hanging. and announced: ëthe firangis (British) [Mutiny Records, Jhansi (Div.) are against the honour and religion Mutiny Basta, File Sl. No.117, of Hindoostanisí, incited the local UPRAA; AG (1859), MPSAB; QT, people to destroy all symbols of p.45] British authority; he was caught by the British during their re-occupation Imam Ally: Resident of Banda Khas, the of the region, charged with ësedition, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar aiding and instigating the rebellioní; Pradesh); he joined hands with the he was sentenced to the transporta- rebels of his area during the Uprising tion for life in August 1858 and died of 1857, and fought the British forces in detention at the time of on several occasions; he was caught transportation. [Mutiny Records, by the British following an Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] engagement, accused of ëplundering the British property and rebellion Imam Bux: Born in Bengal but resided against the Britishí; and sentenced to in the Saugor (Sagar), Madhya death in 1860. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh; s/o Sheikh Nabi; he Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll participated in the defence of the Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] Rahatgarh fort against the British army during the Uprising of 1857; he Imam Ally: Resident of Vuzeerpoora, was caught after the fall of the fort Agra, the North-Western Provinces and executed by the British at (now Uttar Pradesh); Syed; he was a Rahatgarh on 25 February 1858. Sepoy in the B. Company of the [Mutiny Papers, Vol. No. II, NAIB] British-Indian army; he left the British employment during the Imam Bux: Resident of Allahabad, the Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebels North-Western Provinces (now Uttar of his area for overthrowing the Pradesh); he led a group of rebels British rule; he was caught in 1858 during the Uprising of 1857 and while resisting the advancing British attacked the British establishments at forces, and sentenced to death on the several places in the Allahabad charges of ëdesertion and mutiny region; he also supplied arms to the against the British authoritiesí. local people and encouraged them to Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 307

fight against the firangis (British); he British forces in the Malwa region was caught by the British troops at during the Uprising of 1857; was the time of their raids on the captured by the enemy from the front Allahabad area, and charged with and executed at Shahjahanpur in 1857. ëaiding the rebellion against the [Mutiny Papers, III, NAIB; WWIM, Britishí, sentenced to death in 1859 III, p.59] and executed by hanging in 1860. [Mutiny Records, Mutiny Basta, Imam Khan: Resident of the Oudh UPRAA] [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); Mewatee; he was a Sepoy Imam Bux: Resident of the Oudh in the A. Company of the British- [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Indian army; he left the British Pradesh); he participated in the service during the Uprising of 1857 Uprising of 1857 soon after it broke and fought against the British at out in his area; he accompanied the several places; he died in 1858 while rebel forces on several occasions in resisting the advancing British forces. plundering and attacking the British [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny quarters; he was caught during an Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh engagement with the British and (1858-59), UPSAL] executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Iman Allee: Resident of Banda, the Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Imam Din: Resident of Etawah, the Uprising of 1857 and fought against North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the British forces in the Banda region; Pradesh); he took part in the he also provided financial support to Uprising of 1857, and fought against the neighbours and encouraged them the British forces in several to raise arms against the firangis engagements; he also offered (British); he was caught during an financial support to the local rebels engagement with the advancing and encouraged them to attack the British army in Banda, and convicted firangis (British); he was killed while on the charges of ësedition, aiding resisting the advancing British army and abetting the rebellion against the in Etawah in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Britishí, he was sentenced to death Etawah Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] with confiscation of property in May 1858 and executed by hanging. Imam Khan: Resident of Malwa, the [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Central India Agency, Indore (now Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 Madhya Pradesh); served as Risaldar (IX) (1858), MSAB] in the Native Infantry of the British- Indian Army till he deserted it in Imdad Allee: Belonged to Faizabad, the 1857; he joined the rebel forces and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in took part in fighting against the Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with 308 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

the rebel forces of his area during the joined hands with the rebels of his Uprising of 1857 and proceeded to locality during the Uprising of 1857 Lucknow; he fought against the and fought against the British forces British at several places in Lucknow in Allahabad; he also took part in city; captured by the British army in seizing the British wealth and using the course of an engagement, he was it for the rebel causes; he was caught hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow, by the British troops at the time of in June 1857. [Mutiny Records, their raids on Allahabad, and Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; charged with ëplundering and Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1857), rebellion against the Britishí; he was UPSAL] hanged from a tree in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Imdal Ali: Belonged to Boolundsheher UPRAA] [Bulandshahar], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Inam: Resident of Humeerpoor led the local rebels in fighting the [Hamirpur], the North-Western British forces during the Uprising of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he 1857; he was caught by the British participated in the Uprising of 1857 troops in the course of an engagement and fought against the British in the and imprisoned on the charge of Hamirpur region; he also propagated ëbeing a leader of rebellioní; against the firangi-hukumat (British sentenced to death in August 1859, rule) and incited the local people to his property was also confiscated by overthrow it; he was caught during the British authorities. [Mutiny an engagement with the advancing Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) British army, and convicted on the NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] charges of ësedition and rebellion against the Britishí; sentenced to Imtiyaz Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the death with confiscation of property Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in in 1859, he was executed by hanging. Uttar Pradesh); he fought against the [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur Mutiny British forces on several occasions Basta, UPRAA] during the Uprising of 1857, and also incited others to resist the firangi- Inamdar Khan: Resident of Allygurh hukumat (British rule); he died while [Aligarh], the North-Western confronting the British army at Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Bailley Guard, Lucknow in took part in the Uprising of 1857 and November 1857. [Mutiny Records, also incited others to attack the Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. British establishments; he marched Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] on to Delhi, joined the rebel force there and fought the British troops; Inam Khan: Belonged to Katra, he was caught by the British after Allahabad, the North-Western their re-occupation of Delhi, and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he charged with ësedition and rebellion Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 309

against the Britishí; he was sentenced the foreign rule; she was caught by to death and shot dead in 1857. the British and executed on the [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi gallows in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.60] Inamdar Khan: Resident of Banda, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Inder Singh: Belonged to the Garhwal Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his Division, the United Provinces (now area in fighting the British forces Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the during the Uprising of 1857; he was 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- caught by the British while defending Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty his area against an advancing British to the Indian National Army in 1942 army in Banda; charged with and served it as Lance-Naik in the Ist ëmurder and rebellion against the Guerrilla Regiment; he died while Britishí, he was sentenced to death fighting against the British forces in in September 1858 and executed by Burma (now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.123] Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Inder Singh: Resident of v. Jhubian- Indashaw Narain: Resident of Cawnpore Brahminandian, p.o. Ramgarh, distt. (Kanpur), the North-Western Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir. He Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); volunteered his services to the Indian participating in the Uprising of 1857, National Army and joined it in he joined the rebel forces to fight Malaya as a soldier in its 3rd guerrilla against the British in the Kanpur Regiment. Soon after his induction, region in June 1857; he was captured he was sent to Burma (Myanmar) to by the British troops during their re- confront the Allied forces and he died occupation of Kanpur, tried and there in an exchange of fire in 1944. charged with ërebellion against the [INA Papers, 1/INA, NAI; ROH, Britishí, Indashaw was sentenced to pp.700-701; WWIM, II, p.123] death and executed in the latter half of 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Indergiri Gosain: Hailed from distt. Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Hoshangabad, Central India Agency Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o Tulsi Giri. He was arrested on the charge Inder Kaur: Resident of Muzaffarnagar, of his actively participating in the the North-Western Provinces (now ìQuit Indiaî movement in 1942. He Uttar Pradesh); she participated in had been on hunger strike for a the armed struggle against the British month during his imprisonment in authorities during the Uprising of Hoshangabad jail. An attempt to 1857, and also inspired other people force-feed him by the jail authorities to raise their arms for overthrowing resulted in his death late in 1942. [H/ 310 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Poll F.No.97-C, 1942, MSAB; anti-British ìQuit Indiaî movement MPKSSKS, V, p.325] in 1942 in Hosangabad region, he was arrested and sentenced to 9 Inderjeet Singh: Resident of Gwalee, monthsí rigorous imprisonment. Put Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- in Hosangabad District Jail, on 29 Western Provinces (now Uttar March 1943 on account of ill treatment Pradesh); he joined hands with the and physical tortures died in jail rebels of his area during the Uprising premises. [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, of 1857, and fought the British forces F.Nos. 155, 156, 157 (PA), NAI; on several occasions; caught by the MPSSZB, EBIFF, I, p.325] British forces during an engagement, he was hanged in 1861. [Mutiny Indu Bikram Singh: Hailing from Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North- Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the anti-British rebel Inderjit: Resident of Rampur Takuwa, forces during the Revolt of 1857; took p.o. Chaura, distt. Gorakhpur, the part in the rebelsí attacks on the United Provinces (now Uttar British settlements in Kanpur and its Pradesh); s/o Shri Bharosa. While the neighborhood in June 1857; caught people were demonstrating against by the British during their recapture the authorities during the Non of this area between July and Cooperation movement, the British December 1857, and charged with police of Chauri Chaura police station ëtaking part in the rebellion against suddenly opened fire on them, killing the Britishí; sentenced to death in and injuring a number of protesters. December 1857, he was executed When they ran out of ammunition soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, and found the gathering infuriated, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll the policemen retreated and hid Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] themselves in side the police station. Some in the encircling crowd sprayed Indu Narain: Resident of Faizabad, the kerosene oil over the building and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in set it on fire, killing all the 23 Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the policemen inside. Arrested and tried 1857 rebellion against the British rule, in the Chauri Chaura case, Inderjit proceeded to Lucknow, and fought was sentenced to death and hanged against the British in several on 2 July 1923. [H/poll, F.No. 563/ engagements there; he was caught by III/1922, NAI; TR, 14 January, 1923, the British army and hanged at RSAB; SSKS, 36, p. 1 & 10] Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow, in June 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Indragini Gosain: Resident of v. Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. Rampur, distt. Hosangabad, Madhya (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1857), UPSAL] Pradesh; s/o Tulsigiri, educated up to the primary level. Involved in the Inyat Hussain: Hailed from Bhopal State, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 311

the Central India Agency (Now January 1858. [Mutiny Records, Judl. Madhya Pradesh); served as Jamadar Deptt. (Delhi Div), F.No.3 (1858), in the Cavalry Regiment of the HSAP] Bhopal State Army; the outbreak of the Uprising of 1857 in northern and Irshee Singh: Resident of Cawnpore central regions of India inspired him (Kanpur), the North-Western and his comrades to rise against the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); British Residency; he played a Zamindar; took a leading part in the prominent role in the attacks on the Uprising of 1857 and merged his own British forces at Sehore in 1857; in the followers with the anti-British rebel course of fighting he was captured forces; while encountering the British by the enemy along with hundreds attempts at re-occupying Kanpur in of rebels; tied onto the canon of a June 1857, he was caught by the field gun, he was blown to death on British forces; sentenced to death on 13 January 1858. [Mutiny Papers, V, charges of ërebellion against the NAIB; WWIM, III, pp. 59-60] Britishí, and sent on the gallows in December 1857; his estate and other Iradat Jahan: Belonged to Jaunpur, the properties were confiscated. [Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); he deserted the British- UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Indian Army and joined the anti- (1858), MSAB] British forces in Jaunpur to fight against the British rule during the Isaaree Pershad: Resident of Banda, the Rising of 1857; he also took part in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the plundering of British properties; Pradesh); he participated in the he was caught, sentenced to death Uprising of 1857 and fought against and executed by hanging on 6 January the British forces at a number of places 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur in the Banda region; he was captured Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] during the British re-occupation of the Banda region, and charged with Irrah Ram: Hailed from Oudh [Awadh] ëplundering and rebellion against the Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he Britishí; he was sentenced to death travelled to Delhi for taking part in with confiscation of his property in the anti-British fighting during the July 1858 and hanged thereafter. Uprising of 1857; he also incited [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny others to join the fight against the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 British and march to Delhi; he was (IX) (1858), MSAB] caught by the British troops in the course of their operations in Delhi in Isavi Singh: Belonged to Jaunpur, the September 1857; charged with North-Western Provinces (now Uttar ësedition and rebellion against the Pradesh); s/o Sultan Singh; he joined Britishí, he was sentenced to death the rebel forces in fighting the British and executed by hanging on 18 at Jaunpur during the Uprising of 312 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

1857; he also took part in robbing a State (now distt. Jaipur) the Government godown and killing its Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); custodian, Davis, on the spot; he was served as Sepoy in the 7/8 Punjab caught, put on trial on the charge of Regiment of the British-Indian Army; ëmurder and robberyí and sentenced shifting his loyalty to the Indian to death; he was hanged till death National Army, he served in its 3rd on 1 June 1858. [Mutiny Records, Guerilla Regiment; confronting the Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll British forces, he died fighting in Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.124] Ishee Prasad: Resident of Cawnpore (Kanpur), the North-Western Ishwar Singh: Resident of v. Kharora, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Alwar State (now distt. Alwar), the actively participated in the rebellion Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); against the British in Cawnpore Served in the 7/8 Punjab Regiment (Kanpur) during the Uprising of 1857; of the British-Indian Army as a Sepoy he also took part in resisting the till 1942; later shifted his loyalty to British army when it struck back in the Indian National Army and served December 1857; in the course of the its 3rd Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting Prasad was caught and tried fighting against the British-led Allied for his anti-British role and executed forces on the Burma (Myanmar) front in December 1859. [Mutiny Records, he was killed in 1944. [INA Papers, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, 1857, UPRAA; F.Nos.439/INA (1946); 498//INA Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D (1859), (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p. 124] MSAB] Ishwari Pandey: Resident of Azamgarh, Ishree: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] the North-Western Provinces (now Province (now Uttar Pradesh); soon Uttar Pradesh); he was Sepoy in the after the outbreak of the Uprising of British-Indian army; he refused to 1857, he joined the rebel forces in obey the orders of his European fighting against the British in the officers during the 1857 Uprising and Awadh region; he also provided joined hands with his comrades in financial support to the fellow rebels attacking the British forces; he was for meeting their military expenses; caught and hanged in 1857 on the he was captured by the British in 1858 charges of ëdesertion and murder and imprisoned on the charges of during the rebellioní. [Mutiny ëaiding and abetting the rebellion Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), against the Britishí; he died in NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, detention there. [Mutiny Records, p.60] Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858- 59), UPSAL] Ishwari Shukla: Belonged to teh. Haraiya, Basti, the North-Western Ishwar Singh: Belonged to Jaipur, Jaipur Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 313

joined hands with the rebels of his Collectorate, Basta No.3, UPRAA] area during the Uprising of 1857, and fought against the British troops on Isree: Resident of Allahabad, the North- various occasions; he also provided Western Provinces (now Uttar financial support to the rebels and led Pradesh); Buneah [Bania]; he took them to attack the British part in the fighting against the British establishments; he was captured by during the Uprising of 1857, and also the British troops at the time of their offered financial support to other attack on the Basti region, and rebels for buying arms; he was executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny captured by the British troops at the Records, Abst. Proc. Judl. Deptt. time of their raids on the rebels in NWP, Vol.74 (1858), UPSAL] Allahabad, and charged with ëmurder and rebellion against the Ismail Khan: Belonged to Lucknow, the Britishí; sentenced to death in July Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in 1857, and hanged; his property was Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, forces at several spots in Lucknow PP, Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.223] during the Uprising of 1857, and also encouraged others to take part in the Iswarey: Resident of Etawah, the North- resisting of the firangi-hukumat Western Provinces (now Uttar (British rule); he was killed by the Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his British army in an encounter at area in their fight against the British Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in during the Uprising of 1857, and also November 1857. [Mutiny Records, encouraged the local people to attack Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. and destroy the firangis (British); he Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] died while confronting the advancing British army in the Isooree: Resident of Banda, the North- Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); he participated in the UPRAA] fighting against the British during the Uprising of 1857; he also incited the Iswari Shukla: Resident of Belare, the local people to raise their arms North-Western Provinces (now Uttar against the firangis (British) and their Pradesh); he joined hands with the loyalists; he was caught by the British rebels of the Amorha state (now in troops at the time of their distt. Basti) during the Uprising of advancement into the Banda region, 1857, and fought the British at several charged with ësedition and rebellion places; he was caught by the British against the Britishí, he was sentenced troops in the course of their attacks to death in July 1858 with confiscation on the Amorha rebels, and executed of his property; he and his family by hanging from a ëPipal Treeí in members were hanged together in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Monument of 1858. [Mutiny Records, Banda Chhawani, cited in LL1857, pp.20-26] 314 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Itwar: Born in 1912 at v. Tanguniyan, army in an encounter at Bailley distt. Ballia, the United Provinces Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Khetu [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Bhar. He was one of the kisan Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh saboteurs who took part in (1858), UPSAL] destroying the railway track near Siyar village during the ìQuit Indiaî Jabal Singh: Belonged to v. Ghat, Alwar movement. When the activists were State (now distt. Alwar), the fired upon by a military patrol party Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); there, Itwar was shot dead on the s/o Man Singh; Shekhawat. He spot in August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. participated in a meeting of kisan 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 122; WWIM, agitatorsí held at Neemuchana on 14 I, p.142] May 1925 to protest against the Maharajaís mal-administration and Iuzzut Aheer: Resident of Gurruckpoor his land settlement policy of 1923-24. [Gorakhpur], the North-Western In this settlement the Biswedari rights Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he of the Rajputs were forfeited and the joined the rebel forces in fighting land revenue increased by fifty per against the British during the cent. Though all agriculturists were Uprising of 1857; he took part in the affected adversely by it, the Rajputs attacking and plundering the British suffered the most. Hearing the news establishments in the Gorakhpur of this gathering, the Maharaja sent region; he was caught by the British his State Army to counter the rallyists and imprisoned in Gorakhpur Jail on at Neemuchana. The troops the charges of ëplundering and surrounded the village, blocked all rebellion against the Britishí; he died the exit points from it and opened in jail in 1859 during his trial. [Mutiny fire on the protesters without any Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) prior warning. Jabal Singh was NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] injured in the indiscriminate firing and died on the same day. Izharat Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the Simultaneously, the village was also Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar Pradesh); he took part in the Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; other people to raise their arms Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, against the firangi-hukumat (British F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, rule); he fought the British forces at RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, different places in the Lucknow F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] region; he was killed by the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 315

JJ

Jabal Singh: Resident of Muzaffarnagar, V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; the North-Western Provinces (now WWIM, II, p.125] Uttar Pradesh); took active part in supplying arms and providing Jabbar Ganani: Born in 1898 at Sopore, financial support to the anti-British distt. Baramulla, Jammu and rebel forces during the Uprising of Kashmir; s/o Fateh Ganani; When the 1857; he also participated in the political movement for responsible defence of his area whenever the government in Jammu and Kashmir British troops raided it; he was was spreading in 1931, he actively caught in the course of one of the joined it. As a participant of a protest British attacks and executed by demonstration in that connection at hanging in 1858; his property was Sopore, he was killed in the State also confiscated later on. [Mutiny policeís firing on the demonstrators. Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.226; WWIM, II, p.91] Jabar Khan: Born in 1902 in v. Madan Chogal, distt. Baramulla, Jammu and Jabbar Mir: Born in 1896 in v. Dardasun, Kashmir; s/o Ramzan Khan. A ps. Reshigund, distt. Baramulla, farmer by occupation, he actively Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Aziz Mir. participated in the political A farmer, he joined a rally at movement for responsible govern- Hindwara to protest against the ment in Jammu and Kashmir. He despotic rule of the Maharaja in joined an agitation at Hindwara in Jammu and Kashmir at the height of Baramulla district in February 1932, the movement for responsible organized against the Maharajaís government there. When the autocracy in the State. He was killed demonstrators were fired upon by on the same day in the State Armyís the State Army in February 1932 he firing on the demonstrators. [File No. was killed in this indiscriminate firing 316 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

on the spot. [File No. IV, 8; MMCR, on the peasants and chasing them J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.195; resulting in the injuries to 30 people. HMKJAMH; p. 327] Out of 4 seriously injured peasants, Jadia was the one who succumbed Jadheewa: Resident of Banda, the North- to his injury at the dawn of 18 January Western Provinces (now Uttar 1941. [SPC No.7 pp.1-42] Pradesh); Brahmin; he participated in the Uprising of 1857 and incited his Jagan Nath Mal: Resident of v. Barauli, neighbours to take up their arms p.o. Khukhundu, distt. Deoria, the against the British and British United Provinces (now Uttar loyalists; he also financed the rebel Pradesh); s/o Prag Mal. He took part marches to attack the British army in a procession at Barhaj Bazar during camps; caught during a British ìQuit Indiaî movement. He, along operation in the Banda region, and with few Congress volunteers, charged with ëaiding and abetting marched ahead of the crowd and the rebellioní, he was sentenced to began shouting slogans in the face of death in August 1858 and executed the Superintendent of the Police, by hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda Hoogwork. Incensed by the noisy Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, arrogance, the police suddenly Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] opened fire on the demonstrators. Being at the front, Jagan Nath Mal Jadia: Resident of Ratlam, Sailana, Malwa was hit in the first round of firing Agency, Central India, Madhya and died on the spot in August 1942. Pradesh; belonged to Bhil [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; community. The Holkar State RORCG; SSKS, 36, p. 25] governmentís declaration of Bamnia Mandi as ëfree marketí, and the Jagan Ram: Resident of v. Gowta, p.o. repealing there of import & export Mandora, Jaipur State (now distt. taxes, attracted the peasants of its Jaipur), the Rajputana Agency (now neighbouring states; Jadia alongwith Rajasthan); earlier served in the 7/8 70 peasants, including women and Punjab Regiment of the British-Indian children, were going to this market Army as Lance Naik; in 1942 he to sale their raw cotton of 66 maunds joined the Indian National Army and on 17 January 1941. While the served the 3rd Guerilla Regiment in peasants were crossing the Jhabua the same rank; fought on the Burma State territory near the boarder of (Myanmar) front against the Allied Indore State, the awaiting the Jhabua Forces and died in action in 1944. State police & custom officialsí team [INA Papers, F.No.498/INA (1945), of 25 persons, led by Custom NAI; WWIM, II, p.126] Superintendant Bidwai, had encircled this peasantsí group from Jagannath Bhai: Born in 1904 in v. all directions without giving any form Papreha, distt. Banda, the United of warning; they also started firing Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 317

Bharosey. A Manager of a Khaddar Jagat Singh: Inhabitant of the Garhwal Bhandar in Banda town, he was Division, the United Provinces (now arrested by the British police for his Uttarakhand); he was a Havildar involvement in the Civil [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles Disobedience Movement in 1932. He of the British-Indian Army; shifted died in jail in 1932 on account of the his loyalty to the Indian National police tortures. [H/poll F.No. 3/11/ Army in 1942 where he was placed 42, NAI; WWIM, II, p.126] the same rank in the 3rd Battalion; took part in several battles against Jagat Singh: Born in v. Bamanwas, teh. the British forces in Burma (now Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State (now Myanmar) and was killed in action distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, (now Rajasthan); Rajput. He took 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, part in a kisan agitatorsí meeting at p.127] Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to demonstrate against the Maharajaís Jagatbali Sonar: Hailed from v. p.o. Pali, mal-administration and his land distt. Gorakhpur, the United settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o settlement the Biswedari rights of the Gopal Sonar. During the ìQuit Indiaî Rajputs were forfeited and the land movement a mass gathering of almost revenue increased by fifty per cent. 25000 people took place on 23 August Though all agriculturists were 1942 in Doharia. There the partici- affected adversely by it, the Rajputs pants expresed the determination to suffered the most. Hearing the news win their countryís freedom by of this gathering, the Maharaja sent throwing the British out of India. his State Army to counter the rallyists When the gathering turned restless at Neemuchana. The troops and the protestors directly surrounded the village, blocked all confronted the administration on 23 the exits from it and opened fire on August 1942, the police opened fire the protesters without any prior on them. Jagatbali Sonar was among warning of dispersal. Many people those killed in the firing on the spot. received severe gun shots in the [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; indiscriminate firing, including Jagat RORCG; SSKS, 36, p. 2 & 26] Singh, who died on the spot. Simultaneously with this assault, the Jagdish Prasad Sharma: Belonged to village was set on fire by the State mohallah Bhatti, dist. Moradabad, the troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 United Province (now Uttar of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June Pradesh); s/o Pandit Babu Ram. He 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta was killed in a police firing while No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November taking part in the procession taken 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, out during the ìQuit Indiaî F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] movement at Dariba Paan on 10 August 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, 318 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 12, p. cha] Agra Central Prison under the British Government; he left the British Jagdish Prasad Sharma: Born in distt. service during the Uprising of 1857 Moradabad, the United Provinces and joined hands with the rebels in (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Babu Ram their fighting against the British; he Sharma. He was critically injured marched towards Delhi along with when the police opened firing on the other rebels and encountered the demonstrating mob at Moradabad British at several places; he died in during the ìQuit Indiaî movement. 1858 while resisting a British He died later on the same day in onslaught. [Mutiny Records, Agra August 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.333] Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB]

Jagdish Prasad Sharma: Hailed from Jaglal Singh: Resident of v. Marhi, Dobhi distt. Moradabad, the United Taluqa, Jownpore [Jaunpur], the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Babu Ram Sharma. He took part in Pradesh); Zamindar; he joined the the demonstration organised during rebel forces during the Uprising of the ìQuit Indiaîmovement from the 1857 and fought in several Moradabad High School on 10 engagements with the British troops August 1942. The protesters, which in the Jaunpur region; he was included the students of the school, captured by the British in course of were later fired upon by the British their raids on the rebel forces and police. Many were injured in that charged with ëmurder and rebellion indiscriminate firing and one, Jagdish against the Britishí; he was sentenced Prasad, was killed on the spot on that to death and executed by hanging day. [H/Poll F. No. 3/80/42 & KW, from a tree near a village in Jaunpur NAI; SSG, 4, pp. 94; BCA, p. 115] in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, Jageshar: Born in v. & p.o. Hata, distt. pp.61-62] Deoria, Uttar Pradesh; s/o Shiv Harkh Lonia. He was killed in police Jagmail Singh: Resident of v. Togna, p.o. firing while taking part in an Chaproli, distt. Meerut, the United agitation in Deoria in 1942 during the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He ìQuit Indiaî movement. [H/poll was formerly a soldier in the Hong F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, Kong- Singapore Royal Artillery of 36, pp. 25, 26 & ka] the British-Indian Army. He shifted his loyalty to the Indian National Jaggarnauth: Resident of Muttra Army and served as Sepoy in the 2nd [Mathura], the North-Western Guerrilla Regiment. He fought the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); British army on the Burma Brahmin; he was a Duffadar [Dafadar] (Myanmar) front and died in the with the Contingent Guards of the battle field in 1944. [INA Papers, F. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 319

No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 704-705 the Police custody after three days WWIM, II, p.127] of arrest. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.145] Jagmeg Singh: Resident of v. Tagama, p.o. Barat, distt. Meerut, the United Jahangeer Khan: Belonged to the Saugor Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He (Sagar) region, Madhya Pradesh; he was previously a Sepoy in the Hong fought against the British forces in Kong-Singapore Royal Artillery of the Sagar region during the Uprising the British-Indian Army. He shifted of 1857; he was caught by the British his loyalty to the Indian National troops in the course of an engagement Army and served in the 3rd Guerrilla and executed by hanging in 1857. Regiment as a soldier. On his [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. III, deployment on the Burma front, he No. 43D (1859), MSAB] fought with the Allied forces and died in action in 1944. [INA Papers, Jahangir Khan: Belonged to Lucknow, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 706- the Awadh Province (now Uttar 707 WWIM, II, p.127] Pradesh); he was joined hands with the rebel forces during the Uprising Jagoo: Resident of Allahabad, the North- of 1857; fought the British on several Western Provinces (now Uttar occasions and encouraged the rebel Pradesh); he joined hands with the regiments to attack the British rebels of his locality during the strongholds; led the rebels in Uprising of 1857 and fought against fighting the advancing British forces the British; he also took part in (under Colonel Muir) at Dilkusha- ransacking the British treasury and bagh, Lucknow, on 5 March 1858 using its contents for buying arms; where he was killed by the enemy in he was caught by the British troops the course of fighting. [Mutiny at the time of their marches into Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Allahabad, and hanged from a tree UPRAA; L1857, p.249] in 1857 on the charges of ëplundering and rebellion against the Britishí. Jahangir Khan: Resident of Bhopal State [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o Namdar Basta, UPRAA] Khan, took part in the Uprising of 1857 against the British in Saugor Jagrup Ram: Belonged to v. Rithi, distt. district; joined the rebels under the Jaunpur, the United Provinces (now leadership of Nawab Fazil Uttar Pradesh), farmer. He took part Mohammad Khan of Ambapani and in the ìQuit Indiaî movement of 1942 participated in attacking and and was arrested in this connection plundering the British establishments in 1943. During his detention for at Ambapani, Sehore and Rahatgarh interrogation, the police brutally in 1857; during the last week of assaulted and tortured him. Due to January 1858, he fought against the these inhuman tortures, he died in British troops who came to re-occupy 320 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Rahatgarh Fort under Hugh Rose; in Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll the course of the fighting he was Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] captured by the enemy and sent on the gallows on 29 January 1858. Jai Bai: Resident of Cawnpore (now [Mutiny Papers, Vol. IV, NAIB; Poll Kanpur) in the United Provinces Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the rebel forces during the Uprising of 1857 Jahangir: Inhabitant of Jalalabad, the and participated in attacking and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in plundering the British establishments Uttar Pradesh); cultivator; along with in Kanpur; at the time of the British the other villagers, he refused to recovery of Kanpur in 1857, he was oblige the British forces with the captured by them; accused of ëtaking supply of rasad (provisions) at part in plundering and rebellion Jalalabad during the Uprising of against the British,í he was executed 1857; he was caught by the British in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur troops for this and hanged in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] November 1857; his entire village was also looted by the British soldiers. Jai Lal Singh (Raja): Resident of [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] Basta, UPRAA] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he was a Wazir (minister) in the court of Jaharia: Belonged to distt. Bulandshahar, Begum Hazrat Mahal (the Rebel the United Provinces (now Uttar Government at Lucknow in 1857); he Pradesh). The protest demonstration took a prominent part in organizing he took part during the Salt the rebel forces in Lucknow and Satyagraha was accosted by the provided all kinds of support for their police and ordered to stop fighting against the British; he also proceeding. When they refused to participated in the resistance against obey the order, the police opened fire the advancing British forces, and on it at Gulawati village on 12 while doing so, he was captured by September 1930. Jaharia was killed the British and executed on 1 October in this police firing on the spot. [H/ 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. Poll, F.No. 23/54/1930, NAI; SSKS, (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] 6, p. chha] Jai Mangal Singh: Born in v. Borasar, Jahur Beg: Resident of Banda Khas, the Dobhi Taluqa, Jownpore [Jaunpur], North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the North-Western Provinces (now Pradesh); he joined hands with the Uttar Pradesh); Zamindar; he led the rebels of his area during the Uprising local rebel during the Uprising of of 1857, and fought the British forces 1857 and fought the British at several on several occasions; caught by the places in the Jaunpur region; he was British in an engagement, he was caught by the British forces in the hanged in 1859. [Mutiny Records, course of their attacks on the rebels Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 321

and charged with ëmurder and Sepoy in its 3rd Guerilla Regiment; rebellion against the British; he was reported to be killed in 1945 in a sentenced to death and executed by bloody encounter with the British hanging from a tree near a village in troops on the Burma (now Myanmar) Jaunpur in 1858. [Mutiny Records, front. [INA Papers, F.No.498/INA Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.124] WWIM, III, pp.63-64] Jaidayal: Born on 4 April 1812, in Kama, Jai Narayan Singh: Belonged to Bhanpur Bharatpur State (now distt. (Dumariyaganj), the North-Western Bharatpur), Rajputana (now Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Rajasthan); Bhatnagar, well- joined hands with the rebels of the educated; AgencyVakil of Kota State; Amorha state (now in distt. Basti) aided by Mehrab Khan, Risaldar in the during the Uprising of 1857 and Kota State Army, he organised and fought the British forces at several led the military and civilian uprising places; he was caught by the British against the Kota ruler and the British when they marched into this region, in Kota in 1857; being the chief and executed by hanging from a civilian leader of the rebellion, he, ëPipal Treeí in 1858. [Mutiny Records, along with Mehrab Khan, was Monument of Chhawani, cited in responsible for directing the military LL1857, pp.20-26] operations against the British; involved allegedly in provoking the Jai Singh: Belonged to Atwa, the North- rebel soldiers to attack the Agency Western Provinces (now Uttar House, Kota, on 15 October 1857, Pradesh); he joined hands with the where Captain C.E. Barton ñ the rebels of the Amorha state (now in British Political Agentóand his two distt. Basti) during the Uprising of sons were killed by the rebels; 1857, and took part in the fighting following the siege of Kota, Jaidayal against the British forces at several and Mehrab Khan took over the places; he was caught by the charge of administration of Kota advancing British forces and State for several months; he led the executed by hanging from a ëPipal military and civilian resistance Treeí in 1858. [Mutiny Records, against the British attack in 1858; Monument of Chhawani, cited in after the defeat of the rebels by the LL1857, pp.20-26] British-led forces in March 1858, he fled towards the Sheopur river and Jai Singh: Resident of v. Gopawali, Jaipur took shelter in the territory of Raja State (now distt. Jaipur), the Man Singh of Parone for few months; Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); afterwards, he marched towards he was in the service of the British- Kalpi (small state in Bundelkhand) Indian Army as a Sepoy in the 7/8 and he stayed with Thakur Daulat Punjab Regiment; later he decided to Singh of Undarki (under Gwaliar join the Indian National Army as State) for two months; disbanding his 322 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

army in Bikaner State, he travelled British in the midst of an encounter to Alwar State incognito with high in the Gorakhpur region, and hanged rewards on his head from the rulers in 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, of Kota and Jaipur; betrayed by an Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] informer disciple, and arrested in village Bairat of former Jaipur State Jalal-ud-Din: A Sepoy in the Native on 15 April 1860, he was brought to Regiment of the British-Indian Army, Jaipur and then shifted to Deoli posted at Agra, the North-Western where he was tried in the court of Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he W.H. Benan, Political Agent of took part in the Uprising of 1857 by Haroti; charged with ëactively refusing to obey his British officers involved in the attack on the Agency and joining hands with the rebel House in Kotaí and convicted of the forces in their fighting against the crime of the ëmurder of Major Burton British; he escaped towards and his two sonsí, Jaidayal was Rajasthan after the defeat of the rebel sentenced to death and executed by forces at Agra; he was captured by hanging near the Agency House in the British-allied forces in Rajasthan Kota on 17 September 1860. [F/Poll, but rescued by the rebels after F.Nos. 324-27, August 1859; F/Poll; sometime; he was recaptured by the Nos 1-2, September 1858; F/Poll ëAí, British during an engagement and Nos 428-36, February 1858, NAI; sent to Agra; sentenced to death on Sujas, No 4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, the charges of ëdisloyalty, murder p.81; WWIM, III, pp.62-63; RKSS, and rebellion against the Britishí, he pp.124-43; RSG, pp.93-95] was executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Jaijit Singh: Resident of v. Ramsinghpur, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.64] distt. Benaras (Varanasi), the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Jalim Singh: Resident of Kurhul, participated in the ìQuit Indiaî Mynpoory [Mainpuri], the North- movement of 1942. He was killed in Western Provinces (now Uttar the police firing on an anti-British Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was rally he took part at his native place a Sepoy in the B. Company of the in August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/ British-Indian army; he left the 42, NAI; BCA, p.123; WWIM, II, p.128] British service during the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands with the Jaikurrun Roy: Belonged to Shairpoor, rebels to fight against the British; he Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the was caught in 1858 while confronting North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the British forces, and sentenced to Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; he death on the charges of ëdesertion joined hands with the rebels of his and mutiny against the British area during the Uprising of 1857 and authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, fought against the British on several Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. occasions; he was caught by the Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 323

Jalleem: Resident of Garhakota, Saugor State (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined (Sagar), Madhya Pradesh; he joined the anti-British rebel forces during the Uprising of 1857 and fought the the Uprising of 1857; involved in British at several places in the Sagar fighting the British in Jhansi and its region; he was caught by the British adjoining areas; he was arrested by troops during an engagement and the British troops during their executed by hanging on 5 March 1858. recovery of this area and charged [Mutiny Records, Vol. No. 56 (1859), with ësedition, aiding and abetting MSAB] the rebellioní, he was sentenced to death in 1858, and executed soon Jallu Ram: Resident of Jammu and thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Kashmir State. He earlier served the Mutiny Basta, 8, UPRAA] Dogra Regiment of the British-Indian Army as a Sepoy. Soon after his Jamahar Khan: Born in Lucknow, the joining the Indian National Army in Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in 1942, he was sent to the Burma Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with (Myanmar) front. He was killed the rebels of his area and fought the during a fierce engagement with the British at several places during the British troops in 1944. [INA Papers, Uprising of 1857; he was killed by F. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, p. 707] the British army in an encounter in Chinhat, Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. Jama Wani: Hailed from distt. Islamabad [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny [Anantnag], Jammu and Kashmir; Basta, UPRAA] s/o Samad Wani. When the people of Islamabad observed a complete Jamal Vigy: Hailed from distt. Islamabad hartal on 23 September 1931 to register [Anantnag], Jammu and Kashmir; their protest against the arrest of s/o Karim Vigy. When the people of Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah ñ a Islamabad observed a complete hartal prominent leader of the movement on 23 September 1931 to register for responsible government ñ he took their protest against the arrest of part in the protest demonstration Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah ñ a organized at Shopian (Islamabad). prominent leader of the movement While the vociferous rallyists were for responsible government ñ he took moving on, the State military force part in the protest demonstration intervened to stop them. In the organized at Shopian (Islamabad). ensuing clash between the two, the While the vociferous rally was military force suddenly opened moving on, the State military force indiscriminate firing on the rallyists intervened to stop it. In the ensuing in which Jama Wani was killed on the clash between the two, the military spot. [File No. V, 4; MMCR, J&KSA, force suddenly opened indiscrimi- Srinagar; HMKJAMH, p. 331] nate firing on the rallyists in which Jamal Vigy was killed on the spot at Jamahan Singh: Hailing from Jhansi the age of 25. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, 324 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; was arrested and imprisoned in the WWIM, II, p. 345] Tehri State Jail; his health suffered a set back on account of ill-treatment Jamalu Din: Resident of Banda, the and he died in detention in 1931.[ H/ North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Poll, F.No. 23/54/1930; 23/58/1930, Pradesh); he joined hands with the NAI; WWIM, II, p.130; SSKS, GD: p.2] rebel forces during the 1857 Uprising and fought actively at various places Jamdar Singh: Born in v. Khertu, p.o. in Banda; he also incited his Hindaun, formerly in Jaipur State countrymen ëto attack and kill the (now in distt. Karauli) the Rajputana firangis (British) who have Agency (now Rajasthan); served as dishonoured themí; captured by the Sepoy in the 1/8 Punjab Regiment of British troops at the time of their the British-Indian Army; operation in Banda and charged with subsequently he joined the Indian ësedition and rebellion against the National Army and served its 3rd Britishí, he was sentenced to death Guerilla Regiment; confronted the in August 1858 and hanged soon Allied forces on the battle fronts and thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda died fighting the enemy in Burma Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (now Myanmar) in 1944. [F.No.498/ Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] INA (1945), NAI]

Jamaluddin: Resident of Lucknow, the Jamila: Born in 1835 in a village in Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Mazaffarnagar, the North-Western Pradesh); he encouraged his Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); she neighbourhood to take part in the took part in the Uprising against the resistance against the firangi-hukumat British rule in 1857, and also incited (British rule) during the Uprising of others to raise their arms for 1857 and himself fought the British overthrowing the firangi-hukumat forces in different places in the (British rule); she was captured by Lucknow region; he was killed by the British forces and executed on the the British army in an encounter at gallows in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in Muzaffarnagar Mutiny Basta, November 1857. [Mutiny Records, UPRAA; WWIM, III, pp.64-65] Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Jammuna Mali (Mrs.): Resident of v. Gherauwan, distt. Ballia, the United Jaman Singh: Born in 1881 v. Kaseru, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). distt. Uttar Kashi, Uttar Pradesh; While she was grazing her cattle s/o Lachhoo Singh; participated in the nearby, the unnerved policemen in peasantsí movement against the the village fired on her in the chaos oppressions of the Tehri-Garhwal of the ìQuit Indiaî movement. She State and the imposition of heavy died on the spot in August 1942. [H/ taxes on cultivators in 1930; Jaman poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 325

WWIM, I, p.147] [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Jamna Das: Resident of Cawnpore, (1858), UPSAL] (Kanpur), the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took Jamuna Prasad: Born in January 1899 in part in the Uprising of 1857 in Bewar, distt. Mathura, the United Kanpur; participated in fighting Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o against the British troops during the Ayodhya Prasad. Before taking part first half of 1857; caught by the British in the ìQuit Indiaî movement of 1942 troops during their re-occupation of he had been involved in other Kanpur and charged with ërebellion political agitations against British against the Britishí, Jamma Das was rule. He was killed in the police firing sentenced to death in December 1857. on a protest rally at Bewar on 14 [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny August 1942. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/ Basta UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, 42, NAI; WWIM, II, p.130] No.43B (1859), MSAB] Jamuna Rai: Born in 1900 at v. Chetan Jamna Prasad Tripathi: Hailed from p.s. Kishore, distt. Ballia, the United Bewar, disst. Mainpuri, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Nawal Rai. A farmer political activist, Ayodhya Prasad Tripathi. When the he received serious bullet wounds in frontline Congressmen were being police firing while participating in a arrested by the colonial police at the demonstrations taken out during the wake of the ìQuit Indiaî movement, ìQuit Indiaî movement. He the people strongly protested. As the succumbed to his injuries in August protesters marched towards Bebwar 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; police station and approached the RORCG; WWIM, I, p.285] Thana, the police started firing in which Jamna Prasad Tripathi was Jamuna Singh: Born in 1914 at v. killed on the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/ Chittapisaon, distt. Ballia, the United 30/42, NAI; SSKS, 30, pp. ja& jha; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He WWIM, I, p.365-66] was arrested in August 1942 on the ground of his taking part in the Jamshed Ali: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the agitation during the ìQuit Indiaî Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar movement. He was imprisoned and Pradesh); he joined the fighting died in jail in the same year on against the firangi-hukumat (British account of severe physical tortures. rule) during the Uprising of 1857 and [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, also provided financial support to I, p.147-148; BCA, p. 120] other rebels for buying arms; he was killed by the British army in the Jan Begum: Belonged to Mohallah course of an encounter at Bailley Khawajapura, teh. Nowshera, distt. Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir; w/o 326 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Abil Lone. A supporter of the service soon after the outbreak of the agitation for responsible Uprising of 1857 and also succeeded government, she joined a rally at in persuading other army-men to join Nowshera in 1931 to protest against the fight against the British; he was the Maharajaís autocratic rule in captured by the British forces in the Jammu and Kashmir. When the course of fighting in Muzaffarnagar; rallyists were fired upon by the State charged with ëmutiny and murder of Army, Jan Begum was killed in that the British officalsí, he was sentenced indiscriminate firing on the spot at to death in 1859. [Mutiny Records, the age of 35. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, p. 404] 59), UPSAL]

Jan Mahomed: Belonged to Uchnera, Jand Singh: Belonged to v. Neemu- Agra, the North-Western Provinces chana, teh. Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar (now Uttar Pradesh); Sheikh; he took State (now distt. Alwar), the part in the Uprising of 1857 and Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); fought against the British forces at a Thakur. He participated in a meeting number of places; he was caught by of the kisan agitators held at the British during their offensive Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to against the rebels, and executed by demonstrate against the Maharajaís hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, misgovernance and his land Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] settlement the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were forfeited and the land Janba: Resident of Nimar, Malwa region, revenue increased by fifty per cent. the Central India Agency (now Though all agriculturists were Madhya Pradesh); played a leading affected adversely by it, the Rajputs role in organizing the rebel forces in suffered the most. Hearing the news the Nimar area against the British of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja during the Uprising of 1857; while sent his State Army to counter the confronting the British troops led by rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops Captain Keating at Beejgarh on 9 surrounded the village, blocked all October 1858, along with 19 brave the exit points from it and opened rebels, he laid down his life for the fire on the protesters without any cause of freedom of Bhopal. [Mutiny prior warning of dispersal. Jand Papers, V, NAIB; WWIM, III, p. 65] Singh received severe gun shot wounds in the indiscriminate firing Janbaz Khan: Resident of and died of these. Simultaneously Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western with this assault, the village was set Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he on fire by the State troops. [Alwar was a Duffadar [Dafadar] in the 4th Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; Irregular Cavalry of the British- TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Indian army; he left the British Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 327

F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, advancing British army in Delhi in RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Janee Aga Shankar: Resident of Allygurh [Aligarh], the North-Western Jankee Singh: Resident of Aligarh, the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar participated in the Uprising of 1857 Pradesh); he took part in the fight and fought the British forces on against the British during the several occasions in Aligarh; he was Uprising of 1857, and also caught by the British during their encouraged the local people to attack operations against the rebels, and the British offices in the Aligarh was hanged in 1857 on the charges region; he was caught by the British of ëmurder and rebellion against the at the time of their re-occupation of Britishí; his house was also razed to Aligarh, and accused of ëtheft, the ground. [Mutiny Records, Aligarh murder and rebellion against the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt. Britishí; he was sentenced to death Part-1, Vol. No. 44 (1858), MSAB] in 1858, and hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Proc. F/Deptt. Jangi Singh: Resident of v. Manipar, p.o. (Judl), NWP, Vol. 74 (1858), UPSAL] Samoghar, distt. Gorakhpur, the United Provinces (now Uttar Janki Chaube: Resident of distt. Deoria, Pradesh). He joined the Indian Uttar Pradesh. He participated in a National Army in Burma. On his protest rally during the ìQuit Indiaî deployment, he fought against the movement at a place named Sewarahi British forces in the battles near in Deoria. He was killed when the Irrawadi River and Popa Hills, Burma police fired upon the agitating people (Myanmar). He was killed in a grim in 1942. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; exchange of fire with the enemy RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. 25, 26 & ka] forces in the battle-field in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. Janki Kumari: Born in 1929 at v. Bankwa, 702-703 WWIM, II, p.131] distt. Ballia, the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). She actively Jankee Ram: Resident of Allygurh participated in the demonstration [Aligarh], North-Western Provinces organized at her native place during (now uttar pradesh); he took part in the ìQuit Indiaî movement. She was the Uprising of 1857 and also killed in police firing on the encouraged other people to raise protesters in August 1942. [H/poll, their arms and overthrow the firangi- F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 121; hukumat (British rule); he came over WWIM, I, p.150] to Delhi, joined hands with the rebels there and fought the British troops; Janki Prasad: Born in 1911, resident of he died while confronting the v. Piparia Kalan, Jubbulpore Division, 328 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Central Provinces & Berar (now at Jhansi, and fought against the Madhya Pradesh); s/o Ram Prasad; British forces under the leadership took part in an anti-Government of Rani Lakshmi Bai; he also supplied demonstration in connection with the arms to the local rebels and Civil Disobedience movement; on the encouraged them to attack the British charge of causing public unrest, he positions; he was killed while was arrested and sentenced to four fighting in the defence of the Jhansi monthsí rigorous imprisonment; fort during the British attacks in 1858. died in detention. [H/Poll, F.Nos. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny 23/54/1930; 23/58/1930; NAI; H/Poll Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.65] (FR) 18/4/30; NAI; EBIFF, II, p.584] Jaskaran Misra: Resident of Lucknow, Janmohan Singh: Hailing from Jhansi the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now State (now Uttar Pradesh); he Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel participated in the Uprising of 1857 forces of his region and fought the and joined the rebel forces in fighting British at various places in Lucknow the British troops in the Jhansi region during the Uprising of 1857; he also in 1857-58; he surrendered to the participated in the plundering of the British troops during their re- British properties; he was killed occupation of Jhansi, tried and while fighting the British army at charged with ërebellion against the Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 1858. British and aiding the rebellioní; [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Singh was sentenced to be executed Basta, UPRAA] in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Jaswant Singh: Resident of Jhansee [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he Janu Kunwar: Hailing from Jhansi State participated in the fighting against (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the the British during 1857 Uprising; he Uprising of 1857 against the British also accompanied the rebels in in Jhansi; under the leadership of attacking and looting the British Rani Lakshmi Bai he participated in offices and the treasury; caught by the destruction of British residency the British during the re-capture of at Jhansi; later in 1858 he fought this area, and charged with ëlooting, against the British offensive on murder and rebellion against the Jhansi; in the course of the fighting Britishí, he was sentenced to death he was killed by the enemy in 1858 in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Abst. at Jhansi. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), (Div.) Mutiny Basta, 11, 1862, UPSAL] UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.65] Jaswant: Resident of Faizabad, the Oudh Janu Kunwar: Resident of Jhansie [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces participated in the Uprising of 1857 of his area during the Uprising of Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 329

1857 and proceeded to Lucknow; he [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny fought against the British troops at Basta, UPRAA] various places in Lucknow city; he was caught by the British army in an Jawahar Rai: Resident of Faizabad, the encounter and hanged at Machhi Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Bhawan, Lucknow, in June 1857. Uttar Pradesh); he joined the [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Uprising of 1857, proceeded to Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl Lucknow and fought against the Deptt.) Oudh (1857), UPSAL] British at several places; he was caught by the British army there, he Jat Ram: Resident of v. Udham, p.o. was hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Murson, distt. Aligarh, the United Lucknow, in June 1857. [Mutiny Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, was formerly a soldier in the British- UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Indian Army. He shifted his loyalty Oudh (1857), UPSAL] to the Indian National Army and served as havildar [Havaldar] in the Jawahar Rajput: Belonged to Saugar 3rd Guerrilla Regiment. He fought the [now Sagar] Jubbulpore Division, the British troops in various battles in Central Provinces and Berar (now Burma (Myanmar) and lost his life in Madhya Pradesh); joined the anti- action in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. British rebel forces during the 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 704-705 Uprising of 1857 in Saugor district; WWIM, II, p.132] he took part in raiding and ransacking the British outposts; later Jatan: Resident of v. & p.o. Gauri Shukl, he was captured by the enemy and distt. Deoria, the United Provinces awarded capital punishment on 14 (now Uttar Pradesh) s/o Chanarman. July 1857. [Mutiny Papers, V, NAIB; He was killed in the police firing WWIM, III, p.66] while taking part in an agitation in Deoria in 1942 during the ìQuit Jawahar Singh: Resident of Jubbulpore Indiaî movement. [H/poll F.No. 3/ (Jabalpur), Central Provinces and 30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 36, pp. Berar (now Madhya Pradesh); he 25, 26 & ka] organized a rebel force by collecting the local anti-British elements and Jawahar Ali Khan: Resident of joined the Uprising of 1857 in the Lucknow, the Oudh (Awadh) Jubbulpore region; he fought against Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he the British forces at Gadaghat on 23 joined the Uprising of 1857 and led October 1857, and died in the on several occasions a group of rebels battlefield. [Mutiny Papers, VI, in attacking the British authorities NAIB; WWIM, III, p.66] and their establishments in Lucknow; he died while fighting against the Jawahar Singh: Resident of Nimar, British army at Lucknow in 1858. Malwa region, the Central India 330 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Agency (now Madhya Pradesh); (now Uttar Pradesh); he took a joined the anti-British rebel forces prominent part in the Uprising of during the Uprising of 1857; played 1857 and led the rebel army at a leading role in fighting against the Kanpur and fought in several British troops at Mandleshwar in engagements against the British 1857; he was captured, sentenced to forces; he become the chief- transportation for life and died in lieutenant of Nana Saheb; Jawala detention in the Andamans. [Mutiny Prasad was also present at Satichaura Papers, VI, NAIB; WWIM, III, p.66] Ghat with Tantiya Tope, Azimullah Khan, Bala Saheb and Tikka Singh Jawahar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal when the British were leaving Division, the United Provinces (now Kanpur; Jawala Prasad was captured Uttarakhand); earlier a Soldier in the by the British and sentenced to death; 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- he was executed on the gallows at Indian Army, he shifted his loyalty Satichaura Ghat, Kanpur, on 3 May to the Indian National Army in 1942 1860. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur and served it as Sepoy in the 3rd Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; TIM, p.180; Battalion; while fighting against the WWIM, III, 68] British forces at several places in Burma (now Myanmar) he was killed Jawala Singh: Born in 1880 in v. Palar, in the battle field in 1944. [INA distt. Uttarkashi, Garhwal Division, Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA the United Provinces (now in (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.132] Uttarakhand); s/o Jamna Singh. An active participant in the Civil Jawahir Singh: Resident of Shahjehanpor Disobedience movement in 1930, he [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western was arrested by the Tehri-Garhwal Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); State police for his taking part in the Pathan; he was a Sepoy in the B. agitations against the State ruler. He Company of the British-Indian army; was sent to Tehri jail where he died he left the British employment in imprisonment in 1931. [H/Poll, during the Uprising of 1857 and F.No. 23/54/1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; joined the rebels to take part in the SSKS GD, 14, p.2] fight against the British rule; he was caught in 1858 while resisting the Jawala Singh: Born in 1880, resident of British forces, and sentenced to v. Palar, distt. Uttarkashi, Garhwal death on the charges of ëdesertion Division, the United Provinces and mutiny against the British (Uttarakhand); s/o Jamuna Singh; authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, took part in the peasantsí movement Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. against the ruler of Tehri-Garhwal Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] State and his durbarís newly imposed land revenue and forest measures in Jawala Prasad: Belonged to the Kanpur the summer of 1930; he was arrested, region, the North-Western Provinces imprisoned and tortured, resulting Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 331

in his death in Tehri Central Jail Regiment of British-Indian Army; premises in 1931. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/ later he decided to join the Indian 54/1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, National Army as Sepoy in its 3rd II, pp.82-83; SSKS, GD: p.2] Guerrilla Regiment; he fought battles on the Burma (Myanmar) front Jawan Singh: Born in v. Neemuchana, against the Allied forces; he lost his (teh.) Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State life in the course of heavy fighting in (now distt. Alwar), the Rajputana 1945. [INA Papers, F.No.498/INA Agency (now Rajasthan); Thakur. He (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p. 132] participated in the kisan agitatorsí meeting held at Neemuchana on 14 Jay Loll: Resident of Peepul Mundee, May 1925 to remonstrate against the Agra, the North-Western Provinces Maharajaís mal-administration and (now Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was his land settlement policy of 1923-24. a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the In this settlement the Biswedari rights Contingent Guards of the Agra of the Rajputs were forfeited and the Central Prison; he left the British land revenue enhanced by fifty per service during the Uprising of 1857, cent. Though all agriculturists were joined the rebel forces of the Agra affected adversely by it, the Rajputs region and fought the British in suffered the most. Hearing the news several engagements in the Agra- of this peasant gathering, the Mathura area; he was killed by the Maharaja sent his State Army to take advancing British troops during their the rallyists on at Neemuchana. The attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny troops surrounded the village, Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, blocked all the escape routes from it UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and opened fire on the protesters (1858), MSAB] without any prior warning. Jawan Singh received severe gun shots in Jeddhu: Belonged to Mahomedabad, the indiscriminate firing and died on Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the the spot. Simultaneously with the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar firing, the village was set on fire by Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands the State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. with the rebels of his area during the 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, Uprising of 1857 and fought against 14 June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, the British on several occasions; he Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 was caught by the British army in the November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, course of an encounter in the Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), Gorakhpur region, and hanged in NAI] 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Jawar Singh: Resident of v. Jali, Jaipur State (now distt. Jaipur), the Jedev: Resident of Ghazeepoor Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); [Ghazipur], the North-Western he was a Sepoy in the 11/5 Punjab Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he 332 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

fought the British at several places Army and served it till 1942 when in the Ghazipur region during the he switched over his loyalty to the Uprising of 1857; he also offered Indian National Army and joined its financial support to his neighbour- 2nd Guerilla Regiment; deployed hood for buying arms and attacking against the British on the Burma the British forces; he was caught by (now Myanmar) front, he fought on the British after their re-occupation the Mount Popa (Central Myanmar) of the Ghazipur region, and executed in April 1944 and was killed in action. by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, [INA Papers, F.No.498/INA (1945), Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] NAI; WWIM, II, p. 132]

Jeekhoo: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Jeevaram Aheer: Born in Chitkon, Dobhi Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces Taluqa, Jawnpore [Jaunpur], the soon after the outbreak of the 1857 North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising; along with the fellow rebels Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces he marched towards Delhi while during the Uprising of 1857 and fighting against the British; he fought the British in different escaped to his region after the British engagements in the Azamgarh re-occupation of Delhi in September region; he was captured by the 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting British troops in Senapur village, and the advancing British army in the executed by hanging from a mango Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records, F/ tree in May 1858. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP (1858-59), Jaunpur Mutiny Basta. UPRAA; UPSAL] WWIM, III, p.67]

Jeeloo: Belonged to Mohanpoora, Jegoor Pandey: Resident of Muriahoo, Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the Jaunpore [Jaunpur], the North- North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Sheikh; he joined hands Pradesh); he joined hands with the with the rebels of his area during the rebels of his area during the Uprising Uprising of 1857 and fought against of 1857, and fought the British forces the British on several occasions; he on several occasions; he was caught was caught by the British forces in by the British in the midst of an the course of an encounter in the engagement, accused of ëplundering Gorakhpur region, and hanged in the British property and rebellion 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi against the Britishí, sentenced to Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] death and hanged in 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur Mutiny Jeet Ram: Resident of v. Bias, Jaipur State Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), UPRAA] (now distt. Jaipur), the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan), s/o Jejah: Belonged to Banda, the North- Lachchhoo; enrolled as a Sepoy in the Western Provinces (now Uttar Jat Regiment of the British-Indian Pradesh); Brahmin; he propagated Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 333

against the British rule during the [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and incited his Basta, UPRAA] neighbours to raise their arms against the firangis (British); he was caught Jeolal: Belonged to Gopalpoor, Benares by the British troops at the time of (Varanasi), Uttar Pradesh; Brahmin; their advancement into the Banda he fought the British forces at several region, charged with ësedition, places in Ghazipur during the murder and rebellioní sentenced to Uprising of 1857; he also offered death in July 1858 with confiscation financial support to the local rebels of his property, he was executed by for buying arms to attack the British hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda establishments; he was caught by the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, British after their re-occupation of the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Ghazipur region, and executed by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Jemadar: Resident of Aligarh, the North- Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Jethu Prasad: Resident of v. Tharrapar fighting against the British during the alias Ghaghra, distt. Gorakhpur, the Uprising of 1857, and also United Provinces (now Uttar encouraged others to attack the Pradesh). On 23 August 1942 British forces; he was caught by the approximately 25,000 people British in one of their raids on the gathered during the ìQuit Indiaî rebels in Aligarh, and charged with movement in Doharia to resolve to ësedition, murder and rebellion end the British rule and earn their against the Britishí; he was sentenced freedom. When the people came in to death in 1858, and executed soon direct confrontation with the thereafter; his property was also administration and the situation confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Proc. went out of control, the police opened F/Deptt. (Judl), NWP, Vol. 74 (1858), firing on the agitating satyagrahis and UPSAL] killed 11 persons. Jethu Prasad was among those killed in the firing on the Jeodhun: Resident of Munwan, same day. [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 36, p. 2 & 26] Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Aheer; he fought the Jewa Ram: Resident of Agra, the North- British forces at several places in Western Provinces (now Uttar Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Sepoy in he also offered financial support to the B. Company of the British-Indian the rebels for buying arms to attack army; he left the British service the British establishments; he was during the Uprising of 1857 and caught by the British after their re- joined hands with the rebels to fight occupation of the Ghazipur region, the British forces; he was caught in and executed by hanging in 1859. 1858 while resisting the British 334 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

troops, and sentenced to death on the Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] against the British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Jewarakhua: Resident of Banda, the Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP North-Western Provinces (now Uttar (1858-59), UPSAL] Pradesh); he fought against the British army during the Uprising of Jewa: Resident of Banda, the North- 1857; he also provided financial Western Provinces (now Uttar support to the rebels for buying Pradesh); he participated in the arms; caught in the course of a British Uprising of 1857, attacked the British operation in the Banda region and establishments and plundered their charged with ëmurder, aiding and property in the Banda region; he also abetting the rebellioní, he was provided financial support to his sentenced to death in August 1858 neighbours and incited them to raise and hanged. [Mutiny Records, Banda their arms against the firangis Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (British); he was caught during an Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] engagement with the advancing British troops in Banda, and Jhabru: Hailed from Jagir Dhangarmaou, convicted on the charges of Mewar State (now in distt. Udaipur) ëplundering, sedition and rebellion the Rajputana Agency (now against the Britishí, and sentenced to Rajasthan); joined the agitators of death with confiscation of property Yorav, Nimari, Bhansroadgarh, in June 1858; he was executed by Parsoli, Begun and Dhangarmaou hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda Jagirs in January 1922. They were Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, agitating against the atrocities of the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Mewar police and local British officials committed on the kisans of Jewahir: Resident of Banda, the North- Sooras, Barlayas and Mandalgarh of Western Provinces (now Uttar the Mewar State. Many of the Pradesh); he joined the rebels of processionists, including Jhabru, Banda during the Uprising of 1857 were arrested and imprisoned in the and fought ardently against the Udaipur Fort Jail. Jhabru was badly British troops; he also led a group of beaten up in the jail and died of it. rebels in plundering the British [NR, 29 January 1922, RSAB] establishments and seizing their treasury; he was caught in the course Jhahmut Ali: Resident of Bareilly, Uttar of a British operation in Banda, Pradesh; Sheikh; he went up to Delhi charged with ëplundering and for taking part in fighting the British rebellion against the Britishí; he was during the Uprising of 1857; he also sentenced to death with confiscation provided financial support to other of his property and executed by rebels for continuing the fight; he hanging in 1858. [Mutiny Records, was caught by the British troops Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 335

during their re-occupation of Delhi Jhandu: Resident of Tajgung [Tajganj], in September 1857; charged with Agra, the North-Western Provinces ëaiding and abetting the rebellion (now Uttar Pradesh); he was a Sepoy against the Britishí, he was sentenced in the A. Company of the British- to death and executed by hanging on Indian army; he left the British 18 January 1858. [Mutiny Records, service during the Uprising of 1857 Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div), F.No.3 to join the rebels of his area; he (1858), HSAP] fought against the British at several places in Agra; he died in 1858 while Jhakoo Deen: Resident of Banda, the resisting the advancing British forces. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Pradesh); he played an important Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP role during the Uprising of 1857 in (1858-59), UPSAL] conveying the messages of rebellion from one place to another; he also Jhankar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal acted as a spy of the rebel forces, Division, the United Provinces (now went to the British camps and Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the gathered information about their 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- movements; he was caught during a Indian Army; he left the British British attack on the Banda region, service in 1942 to join the Indian charged with ëspying and rebellion National Army and served it as against the Britishí; he was sentenced Sepoy in the 3rd Battalion; he died to death in September 1858 and while fighting against the British hanged. [Mutiny Records, Banda forces in Burma (now Myanmar) in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/ Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.132]

Jhandoo Singh: Inhabitant of Bag Jhao Looneeah: Resident of Chail, Muzuffur Khan, Agra, the North- Allahabad, the North-Western Western Provinces (now Uttar Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a participated in the fighting against Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contingent the British during the Uprising of Guards of the Agra Central Prison 1857, and also encouraged others to under the British Government; he plunder the British establishments in left the British service during the Allahabad; he was caught by the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands British at the time of their attacks on with the rebels for fighting against the rebels in Allahabad, and charged the British rule; he died fighting in with ëtheft, murder and rebellion 1858 while confronting the British against the Britishí; he was sentenced army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny to death in July 1857, and hanged; Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 his property was also confiscated. (X) (1858), MSAB] [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.223] 336 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Jhaoo Singh: Resident of, the North- time of their recovery of Jhansi and Western Provinces (now Uttar charged with ërebellion against the Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was Britishí; sentenced to death in 1858, a Sepoy in the A. Company of the he was executed soon thereafter. British-Indian army; he left the [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny British service during the Uprising Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 of 1857 and fought against the British (IX) (1858), MSAB] at several places in his region; he died in 1858 while resisting the Jhingan: Hailed from Jaunpur, the advancing British forces. [Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); s/o Makaran; he joined the UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- rebel forces during the Uprising of 59), UPSAL] 1857; he took part in killing a British officer and was arrested for his Jhau Lal: Resident of Sagar Sarai, distt. involvement in the murder; he was Moradabad, the United Province sentenced to death and was hanged (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Tota Ram on 18 November 1857 at the age of Jato. He was killed during the ìQuit 30. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Indiaî movement when the Basta, UPRAA] procession in which he participated was fired upon by the police in 1942. Jhoons Singh alias Jhannoo Singh: Born [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; in 1912, resident of v. Nagadgaon, RORCG; SSKS, 12, p. cha] distt. Uttarkashi, Garhwal Division, the United Provinces (now Uttara- Jheodhun: Belonged to Mahomedabad, khand); s/o Kharag Singh; joined the Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the peasant protest during the Civil North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Disobedience movement in 1930 Pradesh); Aheer; he joined the rebel against the oppressive Tehri- forces of his area during the Uprising Garhwal State and its imposition of of 1857 and fought the British army high taxes. When the District on several occasions; he was caught Magistrate came with a police party by the British in an encounter in the in Dandal village to confiscate Gorakhpur region, and hanged in peasantsí lands for non-payment of 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi taxes, the peasants resisted on 20 May Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 1930 and were fired upon; Jhoons Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] died in the firing. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/ 54/1930; 23/58/1930, NAI; WWIM, Jhihen Singh: Resident of Manikpur, II, p.5; SSKS, GD: p.1] Jhansi State (now Uttar Pradesh); Thakur; he was leading the rebel Jhora Siraha: Resident of Bastar State troops during the Uprising of 1857 (now distt. Bastar), the Central in the Jhansi region; Jhihen was Provinces and Berar (now arrested by the British troops at the Chhattishgarh); took prominent part Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 337

in the agitation of the Murias against Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.204] the steady loss of forest rights and the joint exploitation of forest Jhuggoor: Resident of Munwan, contractors and landlords (or those Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- revenue officials who had turned Western Provinces (now Uttar hereditary owners of land under the Pradesh); Aheer; he fought the ìThikedariî system), in league with British forces at several places in the British authorities. The agitation Ghazipur during the Uprising of resulted in the Muria risings between 1857; he was caught by the British January and March 1876 in Marenga, forces following their re-occupation Kurungpal and Jaldalpur; and in of the Ghazipur region, and Jagdalpur in May 1876 Jhora Siraha executed by hanging in 1859. led a large number of rebels to lay [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny siege on the Bastar rulerís palace. The Basta, UPRAA] Government reacted by sending a strong contingent of the army under Jhulkan Lodhi: Belonged to Madhya Macgregor, the Deputy Commissio- Pradesh; he took part in the Uprising ner of Sironcha, to break open the of 1857 and fought against the British encirclement. In the ensuing forces in the Mandla region; he was engagement many of the rebels were caught by the British troops during arrested and put behind the bars; an engagement and charged with Jhora Siraha was also captured and ëdesertion and mutinyí; he was shot dead by the British soldiers. [F/ sentenced to death and executed by Poll (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of hanging on 25 July 1857. [Mutiny 1910, NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, Records, Poll. Deptt. Vol. I, No. 43 B Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf (1859), MSAB] HTPB, pp.178-93] Jhummoo: Belonged to Gutteah, Agra, Jhubba Khan: Hailed from Allahabad, the North-Western Provinces (now the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Sweeper; he was a Uttar Pradesh); he participated in Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the fighting the British forces in Contingent Guards of the Agra Allahabad-Fatehpur area during the Central Prison; he gave up the British Uprising of 1857; he also incited the service during the Uprising of 1857 local people to plunder and seize the and joined hands with the rebels of British wealth; he was caught by the the Agra region; he assisted the rebels British troops in the course of their in several engagements in the Agra- raids on the Allahabad region, and Mathura area; he was killed by the charged with ërobbery and rebellion advancing British troops during their against the Britishí; he was sentenced attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny to death with confiscation of property Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, in July 1857 and executed by hanging UPRAA] soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, PP, 338 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Jhummun Lall: Resident of v. Kurhul, joined in this connection the Dandel Mynpooree [Mainpuri], the North- village protestersí march towards the Western Provinces (now Uttar State capital on 20 May 1930. Soon as Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Jemadar the rallyists reached Ranighati, they [Jamadar] with the Contingent Guards were stopped by the State Police and of the Agra Central Prison; he subsequently fired upon, under the escaped with his arms on 23 June District Magistrateís order. Jhuna 1857 to join hands with the rebel Singh was killed in the firing on the forces during the Uprising; he moved spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/54/1930; 23/ towards Delhi with other rebels to 58/1930, NAI; SSKS GD, 14, p.1] fight against the British there; he was killed in 1857 in an encounter with Jhunku Singh: Hailed from Kairaha the British army. [Mutiny Records, Bazar, distt. Rai Bareli, the United Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). While leading a demonstration in Jhummun Singh: Inhabitant of 1921, highlighting the kisansí Wazeerpoora, Agra, the North- grievances against the provincial Western Provinces (now Uttar administration in Kairaha Bazar; Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Jhunku Singh was confronted by a Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contingent police Inspector who tried to snatch Guards of the Agra Central Prison away the national flag from his under the British Government; he hands. Failing in his bid, the left the British service during the Inspector fired on Jhunku Singh, who Uprising of 1857 and joined hands died of his bullet wounds soon with the rebels in fighting against the thereafter. [H/poll. F.No. 563/III/ British rule; he marched towards 1922, NAI; SSKS, Vol. 8, p. Ta] Delhi along with his fellow rebels and fought the British at various Jhunnoo: Belonged to Allahabad, the places; he died in 1858 while North-Western Provinces (now Uttar confronting the advancing British Pradesh); he took active part in army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny fighting the British troops in Basta, UPRAA] Allahabad during the Uprising of 1857; he was caught by the British in Jhuna Singh: Born in 1912 in v. the course of an encounter in Nagadgaon, distt. Uttarkashi, Allahabad, and charged with ëtaking Garhwal Division, the United part in the rebellioní; he was Provinces (now Uttarakhand); s/o sentenced to death in June 1857 and Kharag Singh. He participated in the executed by hanging; his property peasant agitation against the was also confiscated. [Mutiny oppressive Tehri-Garhwal Stateís Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, imposition of heavy land revenue UPRAA; TIM, p.220] and other taxes during the Civil Disobedience movement in 1930. He Jhuri Singh: Belonged to the Oudh Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 339

[Awadh] Province (now Uttar Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); took a leading part in UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.66] organizing the rebel forces and attacking the British and their Jhuri Singh: Resident of Jaunpore loyalists during the 1857 Uprising; he (Jaunpur), the North-Western also provided financial support to the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he rebels for meeting their military joined hands with the rebels of his expenses; he was caught by the area during the Uprising of 1857 and British during an engagement and fought the British forces in several hanged in 1858 on the charges of engagements; he was caught by the ëaiding and leading the rebellioní, his British in an encounter and property was also confiscated. executed by hanging in 1858; his [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl entire property was also Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Jhuri Singh: Belonged to v. Parupur in WWIM, III, p.66] the Benares State (now in distt. Varanasi), Uttar Pradesh; Zamindar; Jhuta Ram: Belonged to distt. Jaipur State he organised a group of armed men (now distt Jaipur), the Rajputana during the Uprising of 1857 and Agency (now Rajasthan); he was in attacked the British establishments at the service of British-Indian Army as various places; he carried out several a Sepoy in the 1/8 Punjab Regiment attacks against British positions in the till 1942; there after he shifted his Beneras, Mirzapur, Allahabad and loyalty to the Indian National Army Jaunpur regions; he died in the by enrolling himself as a soldier in course of an operation against the the 3rd Guerrilla Regiment; he laid British forces in May 1858. [Mutiny down his life while fighting the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), British forces on the Imphal front in NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, June 1944. [INA Papers, File No. p.66] 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.133] Jhuri Singh: Born in Jawnpore (Jaunpur), the North-Western Jhuta Singh: Resident of Jaipur State, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); (now distt. Jaipur) the Rajputana Zamindar; he took a leading part in Agency (now Rajasthan); served as the Uprising of 1857 by organizing a Sepoy in the 7/8 Punjab Regiment of group of armed men and fighting the British-Indian Army; left it in 1942 against the British forces; he also to join the Indian National Army; provided financial support to the local serving its 3rd Guerilla Regiment, he rebels and encouraged them to attack was deployed in Burma (now the British establishments; he was Myanmar) to confront the British-led killed during the British attack on the Allied forces; while fighting on the rebel positions in 1858. [Mutiny Imphal (Manipur) front he received 340 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

grievous wounds and succumbed to Pradesh; s/o Durag Singh Gond, an his injuries there in July 1944. [INA agriculturalist. At the age of 35, he Papers, F.No.498/INA (1945), NAI; was convicted under Sections 120 (B), WWIM, II, p.133] 436 and 435 IPC and 35 (4) Defence of Indian Rule, awarded ten yearsí Jindoo: Resident of v. Valoria, Sirohi rigorous imprisonment and put in State (now distt. Sirohi), the Betul and Nagpur jails, respectively, Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); primarily for his role in the ìQuit Bhil (tribe). He took part in the no- Indiaî movement of 1942 in the rent campaign known as the Ekki Central Provinces and Berar region. (unity) movement for obtaining relief During his term in jail, he passed from the harassment of the State away on 16 September 1943. [PCJ officials, Hasil (high rate of land Papers Acc. No. 706; F.Nos 155, 156, revenue), Lag-bags (cesses) and Begar 157 (PA), INA; JGP, 08 (1930), (forced labour) in the Bhil-Girassia MPSAB; FFMPC, I, pp.68] villages of Valoria, Bhula and Nawawas in the Rohera Tehsil of Jiya Lal: Hailed from Nimbahera, in Sirohi State in April-May 1922. In Tonk State (now distt. Tonk), the order to teach these agitators a Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); lesson, the Sirohi State troops and the Amil Patel of Nimbahera town; Mewar Bhil Corps attacked the refused to carry out the orders of the agitators of the village of Valoria, on British Political Agent, Mewar State, 5 May 1922; the troops fired upon Captain C.L. Showers, to suppress them, burnt their huts, corn and the rebellion at Nimbahera; cattle, plundered their goods and organised the rebel forces for the chattels and drove them away to the defence of Nimbahera and offered hills. In the course of the military tough resistance when the British operations, Jindoo received serious troops attacked the town; captured bullet wounds in the firing along with by the British soldiers after the defeat other ten Bhil agitators, and died on of rebels. Jiya Lal was blown away the same day. The brutalities and from the cannon in a public parade bloodbath during the military of the British troops in December campaign besmirched the reputation 1857. [RGS, p.95 Sujas, No 4, June- of the Sirohi and the British July 1998, Jaipur, p.81; WWIM, III, Governments, and made the p.67] Rajasthan Seva Sangh to stigmatize it as The Second Bhil Tragedy in the Sirohi Jiya Loll: Belonged to Etawah, the State. [NR, 18 June 1922, RSAB; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar TSDTMR, 1881-1947, pp.173-174; Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his AMR, 1913-1947, pp.101-103] area and participated in their confrontation with the British during Jirra: Born in 1907; resident of v. the Uprising of 1857, and also incited Salidhana, distt. Betul, Madhya the local people to attack the firangis Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 341

(British); he died while resisting the Singh; Zamindar; he took a prominent advancing British army in Etawah in part in the Uprising of 1857, came in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Etawah Mutiny contact with various rebel leaders of Basta, UPRAA] the area, and participated in several engagements against the British Jodh Singh: Hailed from v. Gioori, teh. forces at Bilanda and Fatehpur; he Bansoor [Bansur], Alwar State (now also led a group of rebel guerrillas in distt. Alwar), the Rajputana Agency launching attacks on a number of (now Rajasthan); Shekhawat. He British military posts; later he was participated in a meeting of the kisan captured by the British and executed agitators held at Neemuchana on 14 by hanging from a tree in April 1858. May 1925 to protest against the [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny Maharajaís mal-administration and Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA; WWIM, his land settlement policy of 1923-24. III, pp.67-68] In this settlement the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were forfeited and the Jodha: Resident of Humeerpoor land revenue had been increased by [Hamirpur], the North-Western fifty per cent. Though all agricultu- Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he rists were affected adversely by it, participated in the Uprising of 1857 the Rajputs suffered the most. and fought against the British forces Hearing the news of this gathering, in the Hamirpur region; he also the Maharaja sent his State Army to provided financial support to his counter the rallyists at Neemuchana. neighbours and incited them to raise The troops surrounded the village, their arms against the firangis blocked all the escape routes from it (British); he was caught during an and opened fire on the protesters engagement with the advancing without any prior warning of British army, and convicted on the dispersal. Jodh Singh received charges of ësedition, aiding and serious bullet wounds in the abetting the rebellion against the indiscriminate firing and died on the Britishí; he was sentenced to death spot. Simultaneously with this firing, with confiscation of property in 1859 the village was set on fire by the State and executed by hanging. [Mutiny troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June UPRAA] 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November Joga Chand: Resident of v. Kuala, distt. 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, Almora, Kumaon Division, the F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] United Provinces (Uttarakhand); served as a Sepoy in the 4/19 Jodha Singh: Resident of v. Ataiya Hyderabad Regiment of the British- Rasulpur, Futtehpore [Fatehpur], the Indian National Army till he shifted North-Western Provinces (now Uttar his loyalty to the Indian National Pradesh); Thakur; s/o Bhawani Army in 1942 and joined its the 3rd 342 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Guerrilla Regiment at the same rank; exploitation, and the tribal anxiety for deployed on the Burma (Myanmar) maintaining their distinct ways of front, he died encountering the life. On 16 February 1910, following British led Allied forces in 1945. [INA the direct confrontation (Indrawati- Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA ford battle) between the rebels and (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; WWIM, the British where many of the rebels II, p.134; EBIFF, II, p. 605] died, Jogi and few others escaped from the scene and rallied round the Joga Singh: Belonged to the Garhwal neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar Division, the United Provinces (now villages. ìOn the might of 25th Uttarakhand); earlier he was a Lance- February, the combined forces Naik in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of surrounded the Ulnar hill on which the British-Indian Army but shifted the men of Netanar village [the his loyalty to the Indian National rebels] were supposed to be Army in 1942 and served its 3rd encamped. The movement was well Battalion as Havildar [Hawaldar]; executed, and all the aboriginals while fighting against the British [tribals] were captured.î Jogi was forces in Burma (now Myanmar) he one among those who had been was killed on the battle ground in arrested, charged with ìwaging war 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, against the Crownî, and prosecuted 498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, along with others on 23 April 1910 p.134] under Sections 25/436/395. He was sentenced to eight yearsí rigorous Jogeer: Belonged to Mahomedabad, imprisonment with a fine of Rupees Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the 100, and detained in Bastar Jail. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Later, in June 1910 Jogi was shifted Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands to the Raipur Central Jail, where he with the rebel forces of his area died (before 7 November 1910) during the Uprising of 1857 and suffering ill-treatment and tortures fought against the British on several by the jail authorities. [F/Poll occasions; he was caught by the (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, British army in an encounter in the NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi HTPB, pp.245-57; BTRB, p.80] (Div.) Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Johar Khan: Belonged to Lucknow, the Jogi: Born in v. Bastar, pargana Rayker Awadh Province (now Uttar in Jagdalpur area (now the. Pradesh); he fought against the Jagdalpur), Bastar State (now in British forces on several occasions in Chhattisgarh); s/o Boya Parja; took Lucknow during the Uprising of part in the Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkal 1857; he was shot dead by the firangi ñ revolt of 1910 in Jagdalpur area of (British) army in September 1857. Bastar against the feudal ñ colonial [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 343

Basta, UPRAA; L1857, p.159] against the British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Johree: Resident of Muttra [Mathura], Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP the North-Western Provinces (now (1858-59), UPSAL] Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces in fighting the British at the Jooah Singh: Belonged to Allahabad, the time of the 1857 Uprising; he also North-Western Provinces (now Uttar incited the local people to ransack the Pradesh); he participated in the Government treasury; he was caught Uprising of 1857 and fought against by the advancing British army in the the British forces at several places in Mathura region, and accused of the Allahabad region; he also incited ëmurder and plundering the other people to raise their arms Government property during the against the British and plunder rebellioní; sentenced to death in 1858 British establishments; he was caught with confiscation of his property, he by the British troops during their was hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny attacks on the rebels in Allahabad, Records, Mathura Mutiny Basta, and accused of having ëplundered UPRAA] the property, sedition and rebellion against the Britishí; he was Joijee Mull: Belonged to Etawah, the sentenced to death in July 1857 and North-Western Provinces (now Uttar executed by hanging. [Mutiny Pradesh); he participated in the Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; Uprising of 1857 and fought against TIM, p.206] the British in the Etawah region; he was caught in the course of a combat Joodhun: Resident of Munwan, by the British and imprisoned in Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- Etawah Jail on the charges of Western Provinces (now Uttar ërebellion against the Britishí; he died Pradesh); Aheer; he fought the in jail in 1859 while facing his trial. British forces at several places in [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] he also offered financial support to the rebels for buying arms and Jongraj: Belonged to the North-Western attacking the British establishments; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he was caught by the British after Pathan; he was a Sepoy in the B. their re-occupation of the Ghazipur Company of the British-Indian army; region, and executed by hanging in he left the British service during the 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] with the rebels for fighting against the British rule; he was caught in 1858 Jooglall: Resident of Jhukhan, Azimgurh while confronting the British forces, [Azamgarh], the North-Western and sentenced to death on the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Rajpoot [Rajput]; he fought the 344 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

British forces at several places in Joykipoon; Resident of Banda, the Azamgarh during the Uprising of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1857; he offered financial support to Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he took the rebels for buying arms and part in the Uprising of 1857 and attacking the British establishments; fought against the British forces in he was caught by the British army the Banda region; he also provided after their re-occupation of the financial support to the rebels and Azamgarh region, and executed by encouraged the neighbourhood to hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, attack the firangis (British) and their NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, allies; he was caught during the UPRAA] British re-occupation of the Banda region, and charged with ëaiding and Joohara: Belonged to Chandpore, Bijnaur abetting the rebellion against the [Bijnor], the North-western Britishí, sentenced to death with Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Jat; confiscation of property in June 1858; he joined hands with the rebels of he was executed by hanging later on. his area during the Uprising of 1857 [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny and marched towards Delhi while Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 fighting against the British forces; he (VII) (1858), MSAB] returned to his region after the fall of Delhi in September 1857, caught Jubbah: Resident of Mylasheka, by the British after their re- Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- occupation of this region and hanged Western Provinces (now Uttar in 1858 on the charges of ëmurder Pradesh); Aherya; he joined hands and rebellion against the Britishí. with rebels of his area during the [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Uprising of 1857 and fought the Basta, UPRAA] British forces at several places in the Aligarh region; he was caught by the Jot Ram: Resident of v. Sone, p.o. Chuera, British after the defeat of the rebel distt. Mathura, the United Provinces forces and charged with ëmurder and (now Uttar Pradesh). He was a Sepoy plundering the Government property in the 4/19 Hyderabad Regiment of during the rebellioní; he was the British-Indian Army. He decided sentenced to death in 1858 and to shift his loyalty to the Indian executed by hanging. [Mutiny National Army and joined its 1st Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, Guerrilla Regiment as a soldier. After UPRAA] his deployment, he took part in confronting the British in Burma Jugat: Resident of the Jabalpur region, (Myanmar) and was reported to be Madhya Pradesh; s/o Devee Gontia; killed by the enemy on the battle he took part in the Uprising of 1857 ground in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. and fought against the British forces 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 708-709 at several places in the Jabalpur WWIM, II, p.135] region; he was caught by the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 345

troops during an engagement and establishments; he was caught by the executed by hanging on 15 British and charged with ëinstigating December 1857. [Mutiny Records, rebellion against the Britishí; Poll Deptt. F. No. 10 (1858), MPSAB; sentenced to imprisonment for life in TFWI, p. 144] 1858, he died in detention. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Juggut Singh: Resident of Benares Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] [Varansi], Uttar Pradesh; took part in the Uprising of 1857 soon after its Jugunnath: Resident of the Oudh breaking out in the Benares region, [Awadh] Province (now Uttar and fought against the British troops Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy at various places; he also provided in the A. Company of the British- financial support to other rebels for Indian army; he left the British meeting their military expenses; he service during the Uprising of 1857 was captured by the British troops and joined the rebel forces to fight during their recovery of this area, against the British rule; he fought and charged with ëaiding the rebels against the British at several places, and taking part in the rebellioní; he and died in 1858 while resisting the was sentenced to the life imprison- advancing British forces. [Mutiny ment and died in detention in 1858. Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] 59), UPSAL]

Jugnath: Resident of Kanpur, the North- Juguroo: Resident of Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined rebels of his area during the Uprising the rebel forces of Banda in attacking of 1857, and fought the British forces the British establishments during the at several places in Kanpur; he also Uprising of 1857; he also provided encouraged the local people to attack financial support to the rebels to meet the firangis (British); he was killed their military expenses; he was while resisting the advancing British caught by the British during their army in the Kanpur region in 1857. operations in this area and sentenced [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny to the transportation for life; he died Basta, UPRAA] during his transportation in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Jugun Nath: Resident of Lucknow, the Basta, UPRAA] Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he took active part in Juhurree Khan: Resident of mobilising those around him to join Wuzeerpoora, Agra, the North- the fight against the British during Western Provinces (now Uttar the Uprising of 1857; he also led the Pradesh); Mewattee [Mewati]; he was rebels in attacking the British under the British service with the 346 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Contingent Guards of the Agra on, the State military force intervened Central Prison; he was a participant to stop it. In the ensuing scuffle in the secret conspiracy to liberate the between the two, the military force prisoners during the Uprising of suddenly opened indiscriminate 1857; he escaped with them while firing on the rallyists in which Juma leaving the British service; he took Wani was killed on the spot at the part in several encounters with the age of 19. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, British forces in the Agra region; he J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp.409-10; died in 1858 while fighting against WWIM, II, p. 347] the advancing British army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Jumaheer: Belonged to Jhansi State (now UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) Uttar Pradesh); joined the rebel (1858), MSAB] forces during the Uprising of 1857 against the British rule; while Jujjoo: Belonged to Allahabad, North- defending Jhansi from the advancing Western Provinces (now Uttar British forces, he was caught and Pradesh); he took part in the charged with ërebellion against the Uprising of 1857 and fought against British,í and sent behind the bars in the British forces at various places in Hamirpur and Allyour jails; tried for the Allahabad-Fatehpur region; he his involvement in the rebellion and also incited the local people to rise an attempted jail-break, he was against the firangis (British) and sentenced to death and executed in overthrow their exploitative rule; he 1859. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny was caught by the British during an Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 engagement in Allahabad and (IX) (1858), MSAB] executed by hanging in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Jumaheer: Resident of Agra, the North- UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) Western Provinces (now Uttar (1858), MSAB] Pradesh); he joined hands with the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 Juma Wani: Born in 1902 in distt. and reached Bulandshahar fighting Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu and the British; he also took part there in Kashmir; s/o Samad Wani. When the an attack on the British officers and people of Islamabad observed a their establishments; he was caught complete hartal on 23 September 1931 by the British in the midst of the to register their protest against the engagement and hanged in 1858 on arrest of Sheikh Mohammad the charges of ëmurder of the British Abdullah ñ a prominent leader of the officers and plundering the Govern- movement for responsible govern- ment property during the rebellioní. ment ñ he took part in the anti- [Mutiny Records, Bulanadshahar Darbar demonstration organized at Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Shopian (Islamabad). While the vociferous procession was moving Jumahur: Resident of Kanpur, the North- Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 347

Western Provinces (now Uttar UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP Pradesh); he joined hands with the (1858-59), UPSAL] rebels of his village during the Uprising of 1857, and fought against Jumyut: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] the British forces at several places in Province (now in Uttar Pradesh); Kanpur; he also offered financial help Sheikh; he was a Sepoy in the A. to the local rebels and encouraged Company of the British-Indian army; them to attack the firangis (British); he left the British service during the he was killed while resisting the Uprising of 1857 and joined the fight advancing British army in Kanpur in against the British at several places; 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kanpur he died in 1858 while resisting the Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; PP, Further advancing British forces. [Mutiny Papers No. 1; TIM, p. 103] Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- Jumahur: Resident of the Oudh [Awadh] 59), UPSAL] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); Mahajun [Mahajan]; he was a Sepoy Juned Alam: Born in 1905 at v. Qurban in the A. Company of the British- Sarai, distt. Ghazipur, the United Indian army; he left the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o service during the Uprising of 1857 Hikmat Ali. He took part as a and fought against the British at saboteur in an attack on the Nandganj several places in his region; he died railway station during the ìQuit in 1858 while resisting the advancing Indiaî movement. When the police British forces. [Mutiny Records, opened fire at the railway station, he NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; was shot dead in August 1942. [H/ Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, II, UPSAL] p.135]

Jumshair Khan: Resident of Budaon Jung Khan: Hailed from Futtehpore [Badaon], the North-Western [Fatehpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. joined the rebel forces during the Company of the British-Indian army; Uprising of 1857 and fought against he left the British service during the the British at various places in the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Fatehpur region; he also led a group with the rebels for fighting against of rebels and marched towards the British rule; he was caught in 1858 Kanpur; he was killed by the British at the time of the British re- troops in the course of an encounter occupation of the area, and sentenced near Kanpur 1857. [Mutiny Records, to death on the charges of Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./ ëdesertion and mutiny against the Per.Srs.), UPRAA] British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, Jungbahadoor Singh: Hailed from 348 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Unnao, the North-Western Provinces Rajasthan); he was a Sepoy in the 1/ (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the 8 Punjab Regiment of the British- rebel forces soon after the outbreak Indian Army; shifted his loyalty to of the 1857 Uprising; along with his the Indian National Army; serving fellows, he marched towards Delhi its 3rd Guerilla Regiment, he fought while fighting against the British the British forces on the Burma (now forces; he escaped to his region after Myanmar] front and died in action the British re-occupation of Delhi in in 1944. [INA Papers, F.No.498/INA September 1857; he died in 1858 while (1945), NAI] resisting the advancing British army in the Unnao region. [Mutiny Juwhir Singh: Belonged to Jhansee Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he joined the UPRAA] rebel forces of his area during the Uprising of 1857; fought against the Jungee Khan: Resident of Moradabad, British and plundered their the North-Western Provinces (now properties in the course of the Uttar Pradesh); took part in the upheaval; he was caught by the Uprising of 1857 and incited others British army when it launched an to join the fight against the British; attack on this area in 1858; charged he was caught by the British troops with ëplundering, murder and during their operation in the rebellion against the Britishí, he was Moradabad region, and sentenced sentenced to death in 1859. [Mutiny to death in 1859 on the charges of Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) ëmurder and rebellion against the NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), Jwala Prasad: Resident of Cawnpore UPSAL] (now Kanpur) in the United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Juwala Naik: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the raised an anti-British force during the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Uprising of 1857 in Kanpur; took a Pradesh); he joined hands with the leading role in destroying the British rebels of his area and fought the Cantonments, settlements and British forces at various sites in outposts in the city and its adjoining Lucknow during the Uprising of areas; in the course of the fighting 1857; he lost his life in an encounter he was captured by the enemy in 1857 with the British army at Qaiserbagh, and sentenced to death; Jwala Prasad Lucknow, in March 1858. [Mutiny was hanged on 3 May 1860 at Satti Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, Chaura Ghat in Kanpur. [Mutiny UPRAA] Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.68] Juwan Singh: Hailed from v. Jali, p.o. Mandona, Jaipur State (now distt. Jypal Singh: Resident of Gwalee, Jaipur), the Rajputana Agency (now Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 349

Western Provinces (now Uttar by the British in the midst of an Pradesh); he joined hands with the engagement and hanged soon rebels of his area during the Uprising thereafter. [Mutiny Records, NWP, of 1857, and fought the British forces Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. on several occasions; he was caught Srs.), UPRAA] 350 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

KK

Kabardi Khan: Resident of Madhya Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), Pradesh; served as Jamadar in the UPSAL] Native Infantry of the British-Indian Army, left it in 1857 when he was Kabir Alley Khan: Resident of posted in Barwani region, coinciding Moradabad, the North-Western with the mutinies breaking out in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he different British cantonments in took a leading part in fighting against Northern and Central India in 1857; the British during the Uprising of he organized an anti-British rebel 1857, and also took part in organizing force and led it in several raids on the rebel activities in Moradabad; he the British positions in Barwani; he was captured by the British troops was killed in an ambush laid by at the time their re-occupation of the Captain Keatings of the British army Moradabad region, and executed by in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, VI, NAIB; hanging in April 1858. [Mutiny WWIM, III, p.68] Records, Fatehpur Mutiny, Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA; WWIM, III, Kabir Ali Khan: Belonged to p.68] Moradabad, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Kabir Shah Azad: Born in 1881 in distt. participated in fighting against the Islamabad [Anantnag], Jammu and British during the Uprising of 1857; Kashmir. When the people of he also led the rebels quite often in Islamabad observed a complete hartal attacking and plundering the British on 23 September 1931 to register their quarters; he was captured by the protest against the arrest of Sheikh British troops following their Mohammad Abdullah ñ a prominent regaining the Moradabad area, and leader of the movement for executed by hanging on 27 April responsible government ñ he took 1858; his property was also part in the demonstration organized confiscated. [Mutiny Records, Abst. for this purpose at Shopian Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 351

(Islamabad). While the procession Pradesh); he was a Kidmutgar was advancing vociferously, the State [Khidmatgar] of a Captain (British military force intervened to stop it. military officer); he left his job during In the ensuing clash between the two, the Uprising of 1857 and joined the the military force suddenly opened rebels in their fighting against the indiscriminate firing on the rallyists British forces in Allahabad; he was in which Kabir Shah Azad was killed caught by the British in one of their on the spot at the age of 50. [File No. raids on the Allahabad region, and V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, charged with ëmurder and plunder pp.409-10; WWIM, II, pp. 135-36; during the rebellioní; sentenced to HMKJAMH, p. 326] death in June 1857, he was executed by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Kabir Shah Khan: Born in Bareilly, Further Paper No.6] Uttar Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces under the leadership of Khan Kadir Allee: Resident of Banda, the Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader of North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the Rohilkhand region), and fought Pradesh); he participated in the against the British forces during the Uprising of 1857 and also incited his 1857 Uprising; he was captured by neighbours to join the rebel side and the British army advancing on the fight against the goralog (British); he Moradabad region; and executed by was caught during an engagement hanging in 1860 at Bareilly. [Mutiny with the British troops in Banda, and Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), imprisoned on the charges of NWP (1858-59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, ësedition, murder and rebellion pp.68.69] against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death with confiscation of property Kabul Singh: Belonged to v. Duhai, p.o. in May 1858 and executed by Muradnagar, distt. Meerut, the hanging. [Mutiny Records, Banda United Provinces (now Uttar Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Pradesh). He had served the British- Vol. II, No.43C (1859), MSAB] Indian Armyís 4/19 Hyderabad Regiment as Jemadar [Jamadar] Kadir Buksh: Belonged to Nuyabas, before volunteering his services to Agra, the North-Western Provinces the Indian National Army as Captain (now Uttar Pradesh); Shaikh; he was in its 1st Guerrilla Regiment. He was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the killed defending his unitís position Contingent Guards of the Agra near Arakan (Burma/Myanmar)) in Central Prison; he left the British the Allied forcesí air-raid in July 1944. employment during the Uprising of [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; 1857 and joined hands with the rebels ROH, pp. 708-709] of the Agra region; he fought the British troops in several engage- Kadeer: Resident of Allahabad, the ments in the Agra-Mathura area; he North-Western Provinces (now Uttar was killed by the advancing British 352 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

troops in the course of their attacks and rendered his services to the rebel on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny forces in their fighting against the Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, British in the Allahabad region; he UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B also incited local people to raise arms (1859), MSAB] against the firangis (British); he was caught by the British troops at the Kadir/Qadir Sheikh: Born in 1901 in time of their attacks on the Allahabad distt Islamabad. (Anantang), Jammu area, and charged with ërebellion and Kashmir; s/o Ahmad Sheikh. A against the Britishí; he was sentenced supporter of the movement for to death in July 1857 and executed responsible government, he took part by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, in a procession at Pulwama in Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.206] Anantnag district in February 1934 to protest against the Maharajaís Kadur Beg: Hailed from the Oudh autocratic rule in Jammu and Kashmir [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar State. The rally he joined came Pradesh); Mughal; he was a Jemadar suddenly under fire by the State [Jamadar] in the Permanent Armed Army and he died of his bullet injury Guard at the Agra Central Prison; on the spot. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, following his deputation at J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, p.300; Bulandshahar on escort duty, he left HMKJAMH, p. 329] the British service in June 1857 to participate in the fight against the Kadir: Born in Wuzeerpoora, Agra, the British during the Uprising of 1857. North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Along with the other rebels, he Pradesh); Sheikh; s/o Madar Bux; he marched towards Delhi and joined joined the rebel forces during the the rebel forces there; he died while Uprising of 1857 and went up to fighting against the advancing British Bulandshahar while fighting against army in the Delhi region in the British; he was caught there by September 1857. [Mutiny Records, the British in the course of an Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny engagement and hanged in 1858 on Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] the charges of ëmurder of the British officers and plundering the Kaeem Khan: Resident of Nimar, Government property during the Madhya Pradesh; he fought against rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi the British forces during the Uprising Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, of 1857; caught by the British troops Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] in midst of an engagement in the Nimar region in 1857, he was Kadirbux: Resident of Allahabad, the sentenced to death. [Mutiny North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. No. 106 Pradesh); he was a Chuprasee (1859), MSAB] [Chaprasi] under the British authority, but left it during the Uprising of 1857 Kaihuree Khan: Resident of Khutaina, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 353

Agra, the North-Western Provinces and fought against the British at (now Uttar Pradesh); Mulkana; he several places; he died in 1858 while was a Burkundauz [Barqandaz] in the resisting the advancing British army. Contingent Guards of the Agra [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Central Prison; he left the British UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) service during the Uprising of 1857 (1858), MSAB] and joined hands with the rebels of the Agra region; he fought the British Kaka: Resident of Harijan Mohallah, troops at several palces in the Agra- Rehari, distt. Jammu, Jammu and Mathura area; he was killed by the Kashmir; s/o Dehru. An active advancing British forces during their opponent of the Maharajaís autocratic attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny rule in the State, he participated in a Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, protest rally in Jammu on 23 UPRAA] September 1943 in connection with the Roti Agitation (demanding Kaila Kirar: Born in 1887, resident of v. cheaper food). He was killed on the Nahia, distt. Betul, Nerbudde, the spot in the State Armyís firing on the Central Provinces & Berar (now protestors. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, Madhya Pradesh); s/o Shri Ram J&KSA, Srinagar; KFFF, pp. 442-45; Kirar; agriculturalist. Participated in WWIM, II, p.137; FSK, p. 71] the ìQuit Indiaî movement in the Nerbudde division in 1942; police Kala Jaral: Resident of v. Badah Kohna, raided his residence, shot him there, distt. Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; and left him wounded seriously in s/o Najibullah Jaral. He actively August 1942, admitted in the participated in the political move- Badnoor hospital, he succumbed to ment for responsible government in his injuries on the next day. [PCJ Jammu and Kashmir State. He was Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, killed in the State armyís firing on a 157 (PA), NAI; MPSSZB, p.42; EBIFF, demonstration he joined at Rajouri II, p.642] in October 1931 to protest against the autocratic rule in the State. [File No. Kaiwul Ram: Resident of Kummulain- V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, poor, Shahjehanpoor [Shahjahanpur], Vol.2, p.643; WWIM, II, p.138] the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Kaith; he was a Kala Thakar: Resident of v. Darbal, distt. Duffadar [Dafadar] in the Contingent Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o Guards of the Agra Central Prison Dewan Ali Thakar. He took part in a under the British Government; he protest rally at Rajouri on 1 October left the British service during the 1931 during the political movement Uprising of 1857 and joined hands for responsible government in Jammu with the rebels for challenging the and Kashmir State. He lost his life in British rule; he marched towards the State policeís firing on the rally Delhi along with the fellow rebels on that day. [File No. V, 8; MMCR, 354 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

J&KSA, Srinagar; EBIFF, Vol.2, p.643; death on the charges of ëdesertion WWIM, II, pp.137-38] and mutiny against the British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Kalai Khan: Belonged to Lohaike Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Mundee, Agra, the North-Western Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Pathan; he was a Burkundauz Kaley Khan: Resident of Banda, the [Barqandaz] in the Contingent Guards North-Western Provinces (now Uttar of the Agra Central Prison; he left Pradesh); he took part in the the British employment during the Uprising of 1857 and fought against Uprising of 1857 and joined hands the British forces at several places in with the rebels of the Agra region; the Banda region; he also provided he fought the British troops in several arms to the local rebels and engagements in the Agra-Mathura encouraged them to attack the British area; he was killed by the advancing establishments; he was caught during British army in the course of its an engagement with the reinforced attacks on the rebels in 1858. [Mutiny British troops in Banda, and charged Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, with ëmurder, aiding and abetting the UPRAA] rebellion against the Britishí; sentenced to death with confiscation Kale Ram: Resident of v. Khorindo, p.o. of his property in May 1858, he was Malagarh, distt. Bulandshahr, the executed by hanging soon thereafter. United Provinces (now Uttar [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Pradesh). Before shifting his loyalty Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 to the Indian National Army he had (VII) (1858), MSAB] served the Punjab regiment of the British-Indian Army. After joining Kali Bai: Hailed from v. Rastapal, the INA as Naik in the 3rd Guerrilla Dungarpur State (now distt. Regiment, he was deployed to fight Dungarpur), the Rajputana Agency the British in Burma (Myanmar) (now Rajasthan); a girl aged twelve where he died in action in 1944. [INA years. Involved in an occurrence in Papers, F. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. Dungarpur State which had its origin 718-719] in the Maharawalís opposition to Bhil education and the schools for Bhil Kaley Khan: Resident of Agra, the students. He ordered the State Police North-Western Provinces (now Uttar to close down all schools for Bhils Pradesh); Pathan; he was a Sepoy in which the Rajasthan Sewa Sangh, the B. Company of the British-Indian Dungarpur, had set-up. When army; he stopped serving the British Saingabhai, a Bhil and a Master service during the Uprising of 1857 (teacher) of one such school at and joined the rebels of his area; he Rastapal village, refused to abide by was caught in 1858 while fighting the the Police Superintendentís order (19 British forces, and sentenced to June 1947) to close it down, he was Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 355

badly beaten, tied with a rope to the affected adversely by it, the Rajputs police truck and dragged on. Kali Bai suffered the most. Hearing the news saw this cruel enactment from the of the kisan gathering, the Maharaja field, bravely rushed to Masterjiís sent his State Army to counter the help and cut off the rope from the rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops truck with her sickle. On being fired surrounded the village, blocked all upon by the State police for this brave the escape routes from it and opened act, a critically injured Kali Bai died fire on the protesters without any in Dungarpur hospital on 20 June prior warning of dispersal. 1947. [RSSS, pp.66-69; Sujas, No.4, Kalicharan Singh received severe gun June-July 1998, Jaipur, pp.66-68; shots in the indiscriminate firing and NAKB, pp.10-12] died on the spot. Simultaneously with this assault, the village was set Kali Din: Resident of Futtehpore on fire by the State troops. [Alwar [Fatehpur], the North-Western Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; joined hands with the rebel forces Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, during the Uprising of 1857 and F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, fought against the British at various RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] he also provided financial support to the rebels in the neighbourhood and Kalika Prasad alias Shivpal: Resident of encouraged them to attack and v. Kahla, distt. Pratapgarh, Uttar plunder the British establishments; Pradesh; s/o Shivbadan. When the he was killed by the British troops in local Congress workers organised a the course of an encounter in 1857. rally at Kahla village in 1931 in favour [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny of non-payment of taxes, the police Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] intervened and tried to make some arrests. This act was strogly resented Kalicharan Singh: Resident of v. by the gathering, and it led to the Neemuchana, (teh.) Bansoor, Alwar policeís sudden opening of fire. State (now distt. Alwar), the Kalika Prasad alias Shivpal was the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); one who was killed in the firing on Rajput. He participated in the kisan the spot. [H/Poll, F.No. 23/58/30, agitatorsí meeting held at NAI; SSKS, 13, p. cha] Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to remonstrate against the Maharajaís Kalika Prasad: Belonged to v. Pyarepur mal-administration and his land p.o. Mau Nath Bhanjan, ditt. settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Azamgarh, the United Provinces settlement the Biswedari rights of the (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Banarsi. Rajputs were forfeited and the land When the Congress leaders were revenue increased by fifty per cent. arrested by the colonial administra- Though all agriculturists were tion in the wake of the ìQuit Indiaî 356 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

movement, a demonstration was (now Uttar Pradesh); Thakur of organized, and it advanced towards Marwari; joined the anti-British rebel Bazar Thana from D.A.V. School at forces during the Uprising of 1857; around 11 oíclock on 14 August 1942. while encountering the British The protesters were lathi-charged by attempts at re-occupying Jhansi in the police when they reached the 1858, he was caught by the enemy police station. In retaliation, the and sentenced to death on charges marchers began to pelt stones on the of ërebellion against the Britishí; he police personnel. Finding the mob to was executed soon thereafter. be unrelenting the police fired on it. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Kalika Prasad was severely wounded Basta, UPRAA] in the firing, suffered from his injuries for three weeks and died Kalka: Resident of Banda, the North- thereafter. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, Western Provinces (now Uttar NAI; BCA, p. 125; SSKS, 27, p. sha; Pradesh); Mallee (Mali); he joined the WWIM, I, p.162] rebels of Banda and fought against the British during the Uprising of Kalika: Resident of Futtehpore 1857 he also took part in the seizing [Fatehpur], the North-Western of the British treasury and giving Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he away its contents to the rebels for joined hands with the rebel forces buying arms; he was caught by the during the Uprising of 1857 and British at the time of their re- fought against the British at various occupation of Banda; charged with places in the Fatehpur-Kanpur region; ëplundering, looting and rebellioní, he was killed by the British troops in he was sentenced to death in July the course of an encounter in 1857. 1858 and executed by hanging. [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutniy Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] Basta, UPRAA]

Kalika: Resident of Unnao, the North- Kalka: Resident of Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he Uprising of 1857 and fought the participated in the Uprising of 1857 British forces in the Unnao-Kanpur and fought against the British in his region; he also incited other rebels area; he also encouraged his in attacking the British neighbours to take up their arms establishments and plundering their against the British; he was captured properties; he was killed during an during the British attack on Banda encounter with the British army in and charged with ëaiding and Unnao in 1857. [Mutiny Records, abetting the rebellion against the Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] British authoritiesí; he was sentenced to death with the confiscation of his Kalinder Singh: Resident of Jhansi State property in September 1858, and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 357

executed by hanging. [Mutiny hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] UPRAA]

Kalla: Born in 1828, v. Mohammadgarh, Kallu Ram: Resident of Motilal Bagh, Bashoda, Bhopal State (now Madhya distt. Sitapur, the United Provinces Pradesh); s/o Nathhe Khan Pathan; (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Telu Ram. follower of Nawab Fazil Mohammad On 18 August 1942, many people Khan; took part in the Uprising of from various parts of the district 1857 against the British in Saugor gathered in Motilal Bagh for taking [now Sagar] district; while part in a demonstration organized in confronting the British reinforcement connection with the ìQuit Indiaî under Hugh Rose at Rahatgarh fort movement. Kallu Ramñ a school from 24 to 28 January 1858, he was studentñ also joined the gathering. caught by the enemy troops; charged Soon the policemen reached the with ërebellion against the British,í location, lathi-charged to disperse the Kalla was executed by hanging at the crowd and opened fire on them. entrance of the Rahatgarh fort on 29 Kallu Ram received severe bullet January 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. injuries in this indiscriminate firing III, NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) and succumbed to these on that day. (1858), MSAB] [H/poll F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; SSKS, 16, pp. pa & bha] Kalley Khan: Resident of Kotwali, Allahabad, the North-Western Kallu: Hailed from Jaunpur, the North- Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Western Provinces (now Uttar participated in the Uprising of 1857 Pradesh); he took part in the and fought against the British at rebellion of 1857; he participated in various places in the Allahabad looting and assaulting the British region; he was caught by the British officers and their men; he was troops in course of an encounter in arrested, tried for assaulting the Allahabad and hanged from a tree British and received death sentence; in 1857. [PP, Further Paper No.1] he was hanged on 22 September 1857. [Mutiny Records, Jaunpur Mutiny Kalloo: Born in Agra, the North-Western Basta, UPRAA] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Uprising of 1857, and Kaloo: Belonged to Allahabad, the fought the British forces at several North-Western Provinces (now Uttar places in Agra; he was captured by Pradesh); he participated in the the advancing British troops in Agra, fighting against the British during the and accused of ëmurder and rebellion Uprising of 1857, and also against the Britishí; sentenced to encouraged others to attack the death in 1858 with confiscation of his British establishments and kill the property, he was executed by firangis (British) in Allahabad; he was 358 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

captured by the British troops at the Yeu, Burma (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA time of their offensive against the Papers, File No. 379/INA (1946), rebels in Allahabad, and charged NAI; WWIM, II, p.140] with ëattack, murder and rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death in July 1857, and executed Kalyan Chandra: Born in 1895 in v. by hanging. [Mutiny Records, PP, Auraiya, distt. Etawah, the United Further Paper No.1; TIM, p.224] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Ganesh Prasad. A shopkeeper by Kaluram: Resident of Patharia; distt. occupation, he took an active part in Saugor [now Sagar], Jubbulpore the ìQuit Indiaî movement. He Division, the Central Provinces and received severe bullet wounds in the Berar [now Madhya Pradesh]; police firing on the protest rally he employee of Nawab of Kamdar; participated at Auraiya on 12 August joined the anti-British rebel forces 1942. He died on the same day due during the Uprising of 1857 in the to those injuries. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/ Saugor region and took part in the 30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.162] destruction of British settlements and outposts at Ambapani, Sehore and Kamal Dar: Born in 1892 in v. Madan Rahatgarh; they also succeeded in Chogal, distt. Baramulla, Jammu and driving the British away from Kashmir; s/o Qadir Khan. He Rahatgarh Fort in October 1857; actively participated in the political when the reinforcement under Hugh movement for responsible Rose came to re-occupy the fort on government in Jammu and Kashmir. 24 January 1858, Kaluram was He joined a demonstration at captured by the British troops and Hindwara in Baramulla district in charged with, ëplundering and February 1932 to protest against the rebellion against the British Maharajaís autocratic rule in the State. authorityí, Kaluram was executed by He was killed in the firing by the hanging at the entrance of the State Army soldiers on the Rahatgarh Fort on 29 January 1858. demonstrators. [File No. IV, 8; [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Poll MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; WWIM, II, Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), p.69; HMKJAMH, p. 322; HMKJAMH, MSAB] p. 322]

Kalwa Ram: Born in v. Katesra, distt. Kamal Din: Resident of Banda, the Bharatpur, Rajasthan; served in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 1/5 Punjab Regiment of the British- Pradesh); he provided financial Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty support to the local rebels during the to the Indian National Army in 1942 Uprising of 1857, and incited them and served as a Sepoy in its 3rd to attack and kill the Europeans; he Guerrilla Regiment; he lost his life in himself also participated in the enemy air attack on his camp at defending his area against the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 359

onslaught; caught by the British the Maharao of Kota State in 1857; troops and sentenced to death on the led the rebel soldiers of Kota State charges of ëmurder and instigating Army and launched an attack on the rebellioní, he was executed by Patanpole in November 1857 against hanging in 1858; his property was the troops of Thakur Laxmandas, (a also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, loyal Jagirdar of the Maharao); Banda Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Kamdar Khan died while fighting at Patanpole. [F/Poll, F.Nos. 1-2, Kamal Singh: Belonged to v. Mirzapur, September 1858; F/Poll ëAí , Nos 424- distt. Azamgarh, the United 36, February 1858, NAI; Sujas, No 4, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o June-July 1998, Jaipur, p.81; WWIM, Dhayan Singh. He was arrested in III, p.70; RMSS, pp.8-12; RKSS, August 1942 by the British police for pp.124-43; RSG, p.96] his involvement in the demonstrations during the ìQuit Kamdar Khan: Born in 1823 at Berchha, Indiaî movement. He was sentenced Bhopal State, the Central India to five years rigorous imprisonment. Agency (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o Serving his term in jail, he died on Namdar Khan Pindari; pensioner of account of severe tortures. [H/poll, Bhopal State; participated in attacking F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 123] and pushing back the Britishers from Ambapani, Sehore and Rahatgarh Kamala Prasad Vishwakarma: Resident areas during the Uprising of 1857; of v. Qasimpura, distt. Azamgarh, the when the British reinforcement under United Provinces (now Uttar Hugh Rose came to re-occupy the Pradesh); s/o Beni Madhav fort on 24 January 1858, Kamdar Vishwakarma. He took part in the Khan was caught by the British ìQuit Indiaî movement as a student troops and executed by hanging at of standard ninth and received bullet the Rahatgarh Fort on 29 January wounds in the police firing. Later, he 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. VI, NAIB; was arrested and sentenced to six WWIM, III, p.70] monthsí rigorous imprisonment. He died in detention on 9 August 1942 Kamdar Khan: Born in 1823, distt. on account of severe tortures by the Saugor [Sagar] (now Madhya jail authorities. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/ Pradesh); joined the anti-British rebel 42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.374] forces during the Uprising of 1857 in Rahatgarh and its neighbouring Kamdar Khan: born in 1819 in Kota State areas; took part in attacking and (now distt. Kota), the Rajputana plundering the British establishments Agency (now Rajasthan); educated in and occupying the Rahatgarh Fort Persian and Urdu; officer in the Kota from them in October 1857; Kamdhar State Army; took active part in the was arrested by the British troops civil and military uprising in Kota during their recovery of Rahatgarh against the British government and Fort in January 1858 and sentenced 360 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

to death on the charges of ëtreason, an engagement, he was hanged in murder and rebellion against the 1858 on the charges of ëmurder of the British,í he was executed by hanging British officers and plundering the at Rahatgarh Fort on 29 January 1858. Government property during the [Mutiny Papers, Vol. VI, NAIB; Poll rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, MSAB] Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB]

Kammodsingh Kori: Belonged to the Kanahiya Lal: Resident of Lucknow, the Saugor (Sagar) region; he participa- Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in ted in the Uprising of 1857 and Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the fought against the British in armed resistance against the firangi- association with Gungadhar; he was hukumat (British rule) during the captured by the British troops during Uprising of 1857 and fought the an encounter in the Sagar region in British forces in several engagements 1857 and executed by hanging. in the Lucknow region; he was killed [Mutiny Records, F/ Poll Consulta- while encountering the British troops tions nos. 581-92, 30 Oct (1857), NAI] at Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Kamoo Khan: Born in Futtehpore Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. [Fatehpur], the North-Western Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the Uprising of 1857, and led Kanahiya Singh: Belonged to teh. the rebels of his area in fighting the Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. British; he also offered financial Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now support to the rebels and encouraged Rajasthan); Thakur; took part in a them to go for overthrowing the meeting of the kisan agitators held at firangi-hukumat (British rule); he was Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to killed by the British troops at the time remonstrate against the Maharajaís of their raids on Fatehpur in 1857. mal-administration and his land [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Basta, UPRAA] settlement the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were forfeited and the land Kana: Belonged to Serai Suhur, tax had been increased by fifty per Futehpore Secree [Fatehpur Sikri], cent. Though all agriculturists were the North-Western Provinces (now affected adversely by it, the Rajputs Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel suffered the most. Hearing the news forces during the Uprising of 1857 of this kisan gathering, the Maharaja and went up to Bulandshahar sent his State Army to counter the fighting against the British; he took rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops part there in an attack on the British surrounded the village, blocked all officers and their establishments; the exit points from it and opened caught by the British in the course of fire on the protesters without any Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 361

prior warning of dispersal. Kanahiya F.Nos. 18/8/1942, NAI; FFMPC, II, Singh was badly hit by bullets in the p. 264] indiscriminate firing and died on the same day. Simultaneously, the village Kangel: Resident of Benares [Varansi], was also set on fire by the State (now in Uttar Pradesh); Aheer; he troops. [Alwar Judl; F.No. 315-J/23 joined hands with the rebels of his of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June area during the Uprising of 1857, and 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Basta fought the British forces on several No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November occasions; caught by the British in an 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, encounter, he was accused of F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), NAI] ëplundering the British property and rebellion against the Britishí, Kandhari Singh: Resident of Lucknow, sentenced to death and hanged in the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now 1860. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Uttar Pradesh); he led a group of Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. rebels of his area during the Uprising Srs.), UPRAA] of 1857 and fought the British at various places in Lucknow; he also Kanha: Belonged to v. Valoria, Sirohi spearheaded their attacking and State (now distt. Sirohi), the plundering the British properties; he Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); died while confronting the British Bhil (tribe), s/o Rajha Bhil; b/o army at Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in Martyr Lekha; took part in the Bhil- March 1858. [Mutiny Records, Girassia no-rent campaign known as Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] the Ekki (unity) movement for obtaining reliefs from the Kandhi Lal Awasthi: Born in 1971, harassment of the State officials in the resident of Jubbulpore [Jabalpur], the Bhil-Girassia villages of Valoria, Central Provinces and Berar (now Bhula and Nawawas in the Rohera Madhya Pradesh); s/o Babu Lal Tehsil of Sirohi State in April-May Awasthi; cultivator. He was educated 1922. In order to teach these agitators up to IV standard. He was involved a lesson, the Sirohi State troops and in organizing a large meeting in the Mewar Bhil Corps attacked them Jabalpur in connection with the ìQuit in the village of Valoria on 5 May Indiaî movement. Since it was taking 1922; the troops fired upon them, place on 6 September 1942 in defiance burnt their huts, corn and cattle, and of prohibitory order, the authorities forced many of them to take to the tried to break the meeting, and hills. This caused the termination of following the ensuing melee, Kandhi the Ekki movement in Valoria, and Lal was arrested. Sentenced to one resulted in Kanhaís being struck with month and a half under and Section a bullet and dying on the spot. The 129 (1) (a) Defence of India Rules and savagery and bloodshed during the put in the Jabalpur Central Jail, where military operations besmirched the he died in detention. [H/Poll (FR), reputation of the Sirohi and British 362 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Governments and drove the British. He lost his life there in a close Rajasthan Sewa Sangh to label it as The encounter in 1944. [INA Papers, F. Second Bhil Tragedy of the Sirohi State. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 708-709] [NR, 18 June 1922; AMR, 1913-1947 pp.101-103; TSDTMR, 1881-1947, Karamat: Resident of Lucknow, the Oudh pp.173-174] [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the Kanhaiya Singh: Inhabitant of the resistance against the firangi-hukumat Garhwal Division, the United (British rule) during the Uprising of Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was 1857 and fought the British forces in a Naik in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of different engagements in the the British-Indian Army; he left the Lucknow region; he was killed by British service in 1942 to join the the British army in an encounter at Indian National Army in 1942 and Bailley Guard, Lucknow, in served it as Havildar [Hawaldar] in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, the 3rd Battalion; he died while Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. fighting against the British forces in Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858), UPSAL] Burma (now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA Karan Singh: Hailed from v. & p.o. (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.143] Bilaspur, distt. Bulandshahr, the United Provinces (now Uttar Kanjur: Resident of Etawah, the North- Pradesh). Earlier he served the Western Provinces (now Uttar Punjab Regiment of the British-Indian Pradesh); he joined hands with the Army as a soldier and later decided rebels of his area during the Uprising to move into the Indian National of 1857, and fought against the Army. He joined INAís 3rd Guerrilla British forces at several places in Regiment as a havildar [Havaldar] Etawah; he also offered financial and was subsequently sent to Burma support to the local people and for taking part in the battles against encouraged them to attack the firangis Allied forces. He was killed in a (British); he was killed while resisting advancing British forcesí air raid at the advancing British army in the Yazin (Burma/Myanmar)) in March Etawah region in 1858. [Mutiny 1945. [INA Papers, F. No. 1/INA, Papers, Etawah Mutiny Basta, NAI; ROH, pp. 714-715] UPRAA] Karan Singh: Resident of v. Baragaon, Karamal Singh: Resident of v. Khori p.o. Khorla, Jaipur State (now distt. Bari, p.o. Bhatni, distt. Gorakhpur, Jaipur), the Rajputana Agency (now the United Provinces (now Uttar Rajasthan); served in the 1/8 Punjab Pradesh). He voluntarily joined the Regiment of the British-Indian Army; Indian National Army as a soldier he shifted his loyalty to the Indian and was deployed in Burma National Army and served its 3rd (Myanmar) to fight against the Guerilla Regiment; while fighting Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 363

against the Allied Forces on the 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, Burma (now Myanmar) front he was NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) killed in 1945 [INA Papers, (1858), MSAB] F.No.498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.146] Karim Khan II: Resident of the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Karim Baksh II: Belonged to the North- Pradesh); he joined the Uprising of Western Provinces (now Uttar 1857 and also incited his Pradesh); he took part in the neighbourhood to take up arms Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged against the British; he proceeded to the local people to fight against the Delhi, joined the rebel forces there, British rule; he proceeded to Delhi, and fought the British soldiers in joined the rebel army there, and several engagements; he was killed fought the British forces in several while fighting the advancing British engagements; he was killed while forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny confronting the advancing British Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Karim Khan: Resident of Karauli, Kota State (now distt. Karauli), the Karim Baksh: Resident of Lucknow, the Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan); Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in younger brother of Mehrab Khan ñ Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with leader of the rebel soldiers in Kota; the rebels of his region during the a sepoy in the Kota State Army; Uprising of 1857, and also joined the military and civil uprising encouraged others to attack the against the Maharao of Kota State British; he fought in a number of and the British Government in Kota engagements against the British and in 1857; involved in the attack on the died in the battle of Chinhat, Political Agency, Kota on 15 October Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny 1857 in which Captain C.E. Burton, Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, the Political Agent, and his two sons UPRAA; QT] were killed by the rebels; fought against the British forces on 30 March Karim Baksh: Resident of the North- 1858; captured by the British troops Western Provinces (now Uttar and hanged. [1857 KSS, p.151] Pradesh); he joined the fighting against the British during in the Karim Khan: Resident of the North- Uprising of 1857 and also incited the Western Provinces (now Uttar local people to raise their arms Pradesh); he took part in the fighting against the British; he proceeded to against the British during the Delhi, joined the rebel army there, Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged and died while confronting the his neighbourhood to raise its arms advancing British forces in Delhi in for overthrowing the foreign rule; he 364 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

proceeded to Delhi, joined hands service during the Uprising of 1857 with the rebel forces there, and and joined hands with the rebel fought the British in different forces to challenge the Comapanyraj; engagements; he was killed while he was caught in 1858 while resisting confronting the advancing British the advancing British troops, and forces in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny sentenced to death on the charges of Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, ëdesertion and mutiny against the Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Karshala: Born in Jalalabad, the Oudh Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar UPSAL] Pradesh); cultivator; along with his neighbourhood, he refused to oblige Kashee Nath: Resident of Cawnpore the British forces with the supply of (Kanpur), the North-Western rasad (provisions) at Jalalabad during Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); the Uprising of 1857; consequently, worked as Mohasiri in the he was caught by the British troops magistrateís court at Cawnpore; he and hanged in November 1857; his took part in the Uprising of 1857 and entire village was also looted by the joined the rebel forces in fighting British army. [Mutiny Records, against the British in Kanpur and the Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] surrounding areas in the first half of 1857; when the British were Kasea: Resident of Bairee, Kanpur, the recovering their lost ground in North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Kanpur in the second half of 1857, he Pradesh); Lodh; he joined hands with was arrested by them and accused the rebels of his area during the of ëtaking part in the rebellion against Uprising of 1857, and fought the the Britishí; Kashee Nath was British forces on several occasions; sentenced to death in December 1857 caught by the British during an and executed soon thereafter. engagement, he was accused of [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny ëplundering the British property and Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. II, rebellion against the Britishí; he was No.43C (1859), MSAB] sentenced to death and hanged in 1861. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Kashee Pershad: Resident of Jhansi, Fatehpur Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Uttar Pradesh; s/o Luckman Pershad; Srs.), UPRAA] took part in attacks on the British forces during the Rising of 1857; he Kasee: Resident of Mynpoory also provided financial support to the [Mainpuri], the North-Western rebel forces; caught by the British and Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); charged with ëaiding and abetting Thakoor [Thakur]; he was a Sepoy the rebellioní; he was sentenced to in the B. Company of the British- transportation for life in January 1859, Indian army; he left the British and died in prison before Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 365

transportation. [Mutiny Records, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- Bhirgun. While the people were 59), UPSAL] demonstrating during the Non- Cooperation movement, the British Kashee: Belonged to Boolundshuhur police of Chauri Chaura thana [Bulandshahar], the North-Western suddenly opened fire on them, Provinces (Uttar Pradesh); he resulting in the deaths of many participated in the Uprising of 1857 protesters. When they ran out of and also offered financial support to ammunition and found the gathering the local rebels against the British; infuriated, the policemen retreated he fought the British forces at several and hid themselves inside the police places in Bulandshahar; he was station. Some in the encircling crowd caught by the British after the defeat sprayed kerosene oil over the of the rebel forces and charged with building and set it on fire, killing all ëmurder, aiding and abetting the the 23 policemen, inside. Kashi rebellioní; he was sentenced to death Charan was accused of participation in 1860 and executed by hanging. in this well-known Chauri Chaura [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny case, sentenced to death and hanged Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 on 2 July 1923. [H/poll. F.No. 563/ (IX) (1858), MSAB] III/1922, NAI; TR, 14 January 1923, RSAB; SSKS, 36, p. 1 & 10] Kashee: Resident of Banda, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Kashi Din: Resident of Lucknow, the Pradesh); he took part in the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in Uprising of 1857 and fought against Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the British forces in the Banda region; the rebels of his area and fought he also provided financial support to against the British during the the rebellious local people and incited Uprising of 1857; he also incited them to kill the firangis (British); he others to raise their arms against the was caught during an engagement British; he died while confronting the with the advancing British army in British army in the battle of Chinhat, Banda, and charged with ësedition, Lucknow, on 20 June 1857. [Mutiny aiding and abetting the rebellion Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, against the Britishí, and sentenced to UPRAA; QT] death with confiscation of his property in August 1858; he was Kashi Nath: Belonged to Jhansi State executed by hanging. [Mutiny (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the anti- Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, British rebel forces during the UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) Uprising of 1857 in defence of Jhansiís (1858), MSAB] self governance; took part in plundering the British properties and Kashi Charan: Resident of v. & p.o. killing them in Jhansi and its Chaura, distt. Gorakhpur, the United neighbourhood; caught at the time 366 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

of the British raids on the region in fired upon by the police, he received 1858 and sentenced to death on fatal bullet wounds and died on the charges of ëplundering, rebellion spot in August 1942. [H/Poll, F.Nos. against the Britishí, he was executed 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.172] soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Kasi: Hailed from Surya Pol Darwaja, Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] Bharatpur State (now distt. Bharatpur), the Rajputana Agency Kashi Prasad: Resident of distt. Benaras (now Rajasthan); Chamar. The (Varanasi), the United Provinces Bharatpur police caught twenty two (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Panaru. He Chamars, including Kasi, from the took part in a highly charged Surya Pol Darwaja on 23 March 1922, procession at the Dasaswamedha and ordered them to graze the Ghat during the ìQuit Indiaî animals of the Bharatpur ruler under movement on 13August 1942. He Begar (forced labour). Kasi and others received bullet wounds in the police refused to give Begar and reminded firing there and died of those injuries the Maharaja of Bharatpur that he on the same day. [H/poll F.No. 3/ himself had previously issued a 30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p.171-172; Proclamation to prohibit begar, and BCA, p. 107] hence they should not be forced to perform it. The Maharaja was furious Kashi Rai: Resident of Jalalabad, the at this lowly-bornís audacity and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in ordered the police to imprison and Uttar Pradesh); cultivator; along with punish them. All the 22 persons were his village fellows, he refused to then put behind the bars and oblige the British forces with the mercilessly flogged by the police. supply of rasad (provisions) at Kasi was one among those four Jalalabad during the Uprising of persons who were so severely 1857; for this, he was caught and flogged and tortured by the police hanged by the British troops in that he died in detention. Kasiís November 1857; his entire village was death did not go in vain, and sparked also looted by the British. [Mutiny off an agitation of the Chamars of that Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, area. They gathered in large number, UPRAA] demonstrated against the Bharatpur ruler and created a powerful Kashi Ram: Belonged to v. Barhan, distt. movement against Begar. [NR, 2 April Agra, the United Provinces (now 1922, RSAB] Uttar Pradesh). A labourer by occupation, he participated as a Kasim Allee: Resident of Paharee, saboteur in attacking the Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- Governmentís seed godown at Western Provinces (now Uttar Barhan during the ìQuit Indiaî Pradesh); he took part in the movement. When the saboteurs were Uprising of 1857 and fought against Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 367

the British on various occasions in the the North-Western Provinces (now Hamirpur region; he also incited the uttar pradesh); he joined hands with local people to raise their arms and the rebels in their fighting the British kill the goralog (British); he was rule during the 1857 Uprising; he was captured by the British during their caught by the British troops in one advance in Hamirpur, and sentenced of their raids on Allahabad, and to death on the charges of ësedition, charged with ëlooting Government murder of Europeans and rebellion treasury and rebellioní; he was with violenceí; he was hanged in sentenced to death with confiscation 1859. [Mutiny Records, Hamirpur of his property in June 1857; he was Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] hanged soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, Kasim Khan: Resident of Futtehpore UPRAA; TIM, p.219] [Fatehpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Kaushal Kumar: Resident of v. took part in the Uprising of 1857, and Naraingarh, distt. Ballia, the United also incited his neighbours to join Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o hands with the rebels; he offered Murli Singh. He was an active financial support to other rebels and political worker and played a leading encouraged them to try to overthrow role in organising agitations during the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he the ìQuit Indiaî movement in Ballia. was caught by the British troops He was killed in police firing near during their raids on Fatehpur in Bairiya police station on 18 August 1857, and executed soon thereafter. 1942 in an attempt at hoisting the [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny National Flag on the Thana building. Basta, UPRAA] [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.172] Kasmi Ally Khan: Resident of Zumma, Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- Kaushal Ram: Resident of v. Chauke Western Provinces (now Uttar Chapra, distt. Ballia, the United Pradesh); Pathan; he fought the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh). He British forces at several places in was arrested in August 1942 on the Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; ground of his taking part in the he also arranged financial support for agitation let loose during the ìQuit the rebels to buy arms and attack the Indiaî movement. He was British establishments; he was caught imprisoned and died in jail in the by the British army after their re- same year on account of severe occupation of the Ghazipur region, physical tortures. [H/poll, F.No. 3/ and executed by hanging in 1859. 30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 120] [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Kaushal: Born in v. Naraingarh, distt. Ballia, the United Provinces (now Kasseegeer Ghosain: Born in Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh); s/o Murli Singh. As 368 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

a political activist he played an Kedar Singh Basurchia: Resident of v. important part in organizing a protest Ghagha, distt. Gorakhapur, the march to the Bairiya police Station at United Provinces (now Uttar the height of the ìQuit Indiaî Pradesh). In 1943, he offered his movement on 18 August 1942. The services voluntarily to the Indian protesters were indiscriminately National Army and joined it at fired upon by the British police when Malaya. He was sent in Burma they reached the thana. Kaushal (Myanmar) to fight against the British received fatal bullet wounds in his forces where he took part in several attempt at unfurling the National pitched-battles and died there in Flag on the police station building, action in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. and succumbed to his wounds on that 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.28] very day. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; BCA, p. 112] Kedar Singh Basurchia: Resident of v. Ghagha, distt. Gorakhapur, the Kazim Ali: Inhabitant of Lucknow, the United Provinces (now Uttar Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh). In 1943 he offered his Pradesh); he joined the fighting services voluntarily to the Indian against the British during the national Army and joined it in Uprising of 1857, also encouraged his Malaya. He was sent in Burma neighbourhood to take part in the (Myanmar) to fight aginst the British resistance against the firangi-hukumat forces where he took part in several (British rule); he was killed by the pitched battles and died there in British army in the course of an action in 1944. [INA Papers, F. No. encounter at Bailley Guard, 1/INA, NAI; WWIM, II, p.28] Lucknow, in November 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Kedar Singh: Hailed from v. Garigaon, Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Distt. Almora, the United Provinces (1858), UPSAL] (now Uttarakhand); he was a soldier in the 4/19 Hyderabad Regiment of Kedar Nath: Resident of Lucknow, the the British-Indian Army before Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar joining the Indian National Army as Pradesh); he took part in the a Sepoy in the 1st Guerrilla Regiment; confrontation with the British during was killed in action against the British the Uprising of 1857, and fought the forces in Burma (Myanmar) in 1945. British forces in different [INA Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, 379/INA engagements; he was killed by the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.150-51] British army in the course of an encounter at Bailley Guard, Keermal Singh: Resident of Ghazeepoor Lucknow, in November 1857. [Ghazipur], the North-Western [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh Rajpoot [Rajput]; he fought the (1858), UPSAL] British at several places in Ghazipur Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 369

during the Uprising of 1857; he also [Ghazipur], the North-Western offered financial support to others Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he for buying arms and plundering the joined the rebels and fought the British properties; he was caught by British forces at several places in the British after their re-occupation Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; of the Ghazipur region, and executed he was caught by the British after by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, their re-occupation of the Ghazipur Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] region, and executed by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Keerut: Resident of Humeerpoor Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] [Hamirpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Kesar Singh: Born in v. Mooni, distt. participated in the Uprising of 1857 Tehri-Garhwal, the United Provinces and also incited others to join the fight (now Uttarakhand); s/o Shri Rattan against the firangis (British); caught Singh; originally a Mess Waiter in the by the British army, and convicted 1/13 F.F. Rifles of the British-Indian on the charges of ëthe rebellion Army before joining the Indian against the Britishí, he was sentenced National Army as a Sepoy in its 1st to life imprisonment with Guerrilla Regiment in 1942; was confiscation of property in 1859; he killed in action against the British died in captivity. [Mutiny Records, forces in Burma (now Myanmar) in Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] 1945. [INA Papers, F.Nos.1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, Kehewan: Belonged to Banda, the p.153] North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the Keshav Rao Makode: Born in 1925, rebels during the Uprising of 1857 resident of v. Prabhatpattan, distt. and fought against the British forces Betul, Nerbudda division, the at several places in the Banda region; Central Provinces and Berar (now he also incited his neighbours to raise Madhya Pradesh); s/o Balaji. arms and kill the firangis (British) and Educated in a local school up to VII their allies; he was caught by the standard, he joined the anti-British British troops at the time of their demonstrations in Betul and raised advancement in Banda, charged with slogans in support of the ìQuit Indiaî ësedition and rebellion against the movement in 1942. Took an active Britishí, and sentenced to death with part in sabotaging the Government confiscation of his property in July properties like forest depots and post 1858; he was executed by hanging offices. Arrested with other activists, thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda Keshav was charged under Sections Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, 147/332 I.P.C., and awarded two Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] yearsí rigorous imprisonment on 20 October 1942. Suffering from Keorath: Resident of Ghazeepoor Tuberculosis in jail, he was released 370 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

before the completion of his term and Army, he received training in died at home a few days later. [H/ espionage and secretly landed on Poll (FR), F.Nos. 18/8/1942, 18/9/ Indian soil to gather information of 1942, NAI; FFMPC, I, p. 75] the British-Indian armyís movements for the INAís use. However, soon Keshuree Lall: Resident of Meerut, the after his arrival in India, he was North-Western Provinces (now Uttar caught by the British forces, tried and Pradesh); s/o Jaubboo; Kaith; he received death sentence in a Court joined hands with the rebels of his Martial trial on 8 February 1945. He area during the Uprising of 1857, and was hanged in Delhi Central Jail on fought the British forces on several 3 May 1945 at the age of 24. [H/Poll occasions; caught by the British in the (Sec), F. No. 2/2/43; Poll (I) F. No. course of an engagement, he was 6/357, NAI; SSG, 4, pp. 72-73] accused of ëplundering the British property and rebellion against the Kewal Ram: Resident of v. Barhan, distt. Britishí; he was sentenced to death Agra, the United Provinces (now in 1858 and hanged thereafter. Uttar Pradesh). A labourer by [Mutiny Records, NWP, Fatehpur occupation, he participated as a Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), saboteur in the attack on the UPRAA] Governmentís seed godown at Barhan during the ìQuit Indiaî Kesree: Resident of Allygurh [Aligarh], movement. When the saboteurs were the North-Western Provinces (now fired upon by the police, he received uttar pradesh); he took part in the serious bullet wounds and died on Uprising of 1857 and also encouraged the spot. [H/Poll, F.Nos. 3/30/42, others to raise their arms and NAI; WWIM, I, p.175] overthrow the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he marched to Delhi, Khairat Ali: Resident of Lucknow, the joined hands with the rebels there Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar and fought the British troops; he was Pradesh); he fought the British forces caught by the British soon after their at different places in Lucknow re-occupation of Delhi, and charged during the Uprising of 1857; he also with ëmurder and rebellion against joined the local rebels in plundering the Britishí; he was sentenced to the British properties; he died while death and shot dead in 1857. [Mutiny confronting the British army at Records, Judl. Deptt. (Delhi Div.) Qaiserbagh, Lucknow, in March 1858. F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Kesri Chand Sharma: Resident of v. Kunjawa Chakrawta, distt. Khairati Khan: Resident of Bhopawar, Dehradun, the United Provinces Amjhera State, Malwa region, the (now Uttarakhand); s/o Shiv Dutt. Central India Agency (now Madhya While serving the Indian National Pradesh); employed as a peon of the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 371

Political Agency in the Bhopawar movementís band of saboteurs, British Residency (Amjhera State); he Khajan Singh went to Chamraula left his job during the Uprising of station on Delhi-Tundla line on 28 1857, joined the rebel forces and August 1942 for cutting down the accompanied them against the pro- railway tracks. As soon as the British ruler at Dhar in 1857; in the volunteers reached the point to course of fighting he was captured execute their plans, the policemen, by the British troops and executed already guarding the location, had in 1858 [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, opened fire on them. Khajan Singh NAIB; WWIM, III, p. 73] received severe bullet wounds and died on the spot on that day. [H/ Khaja Bux: Born in Bareilly, Uttar Poll, F.Nos. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 33, Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces p. 71; WWIM, I, p.177] under the leadership of Khan Bahadur Khan (the rebel leader of Khaju Singh: Resident of Nimar, Malwa the Rohilkhand region), and marched region, Central India Agency (now to several places for attacking the Madhya Pradesh); joined the Bhima British forces during the 1857 Naikís rebel forces, took part in Uprising; he was captured by the organizing the rebel forcesí raiding advancing British army in an the British positions in the Nimar encounter, and executed by hanging region during the Uprising of 1857; in 1860 at Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, he was captured by the British troops Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- in 1859, sentenced to rigorous 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, pp.68.69] imprisonment and died in detention. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, NAIB; Khajab Bundish: Resident of Nimar, WWIM,III, p. 75] Malwa region, the Central India Agency (now Madhya Pradesh); Khajya Nayak: Resident of the Central inspired by the Uprising of 1857 he Indian Agency (now Madhya took upon himself the important task Pradesh); a Bhil; one of the prominent of organizing the anti-British rebel Adivasi leaders who led the armed force in Nimar in 1859. Following his revolt in 1857 against the Company rebel forces raids on the British raj; his army was of 800 to 1000 positions at Mandaleshwar, he was strong, and all of them belonged to captured and executed in 1859. indigenous Bhil tribes; his main [Mutiny Papers, Vol. VI, NAIB; targets were the rich local Zamindars WWIM, II, p.73] and the British officialdom; his militancy continued even after 1857 Khajan Singh: Hailed from v. Nagla and his troops troubled the British Dhokal, teh. Etmadpur, distt. Agra, movements along the Ghats by the United Provinces (now Uttar attacking and looting their Pradesh); s/o Chhiddu Narain Singh. belongings; he was killed by a A volunteer in the ìQuit Indiaî conspirator from the British side in 372 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol.II, NAIB; towards the Nepal border, and IVR, 2004, pp.65-66] ultimately was captured by the British; sentenced to death on the Khalil Prasad: Belonged to Faizabad, the charges of ëleading the rebellion and Oudh [Awadh] Province (now in waging war against the Britishí; he Uttar Pradesh); he participated in the was executed by hanging in the Old rising against the British in 1857, Kotwali at Bareilly in March 1860. proceeded to Lucknow and fought [Mutiny Records, Mutiny Records, against the British forces at several Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- places in Lucknow city; he was 59), UPSAL; Rampur State Mutiny caught by the British army during an Papers, UPRAA] encounter and hanged at Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow, in June 1857. Khan: Resident of Jhansi State (now [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny Uttar Pradesh); joined the rebel Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. (Judl forces during the Uprising of 1857 Deptt.) Oudh (1857), UPSAL] and participated in attacking the British establishments in Jhansi and Khan Bahadur Khan: Resident of its neighboring areas in 1857-58; at Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; he was a the time of the British re-occupation grandson of Hafiz Rahmat Khan, the of Jhansi in 1858, he was captured by last ruler of Rohilkhand; he joined the them and put behind the bars in the rebel forces during the Uprising of Hamirpur and Allyour jails; on 1857, led them on several occasions account of his involvement in the in their onslaughts on the British rebellion, as well as in an attempted establishments, and assumed control jail-break, Khan was executed in over the Rohilkhand area; becoming 1859. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny the leader of the rebels, and the Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. III, proclaimed ruler of the region as the No.43D (1859), MSAB] viceroy of the Mughal Emperor, Bahadur Shah ëZafarí, he appointed Khantar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal a committee of eight persons, Division, the United Provinces (now consisting of Hindus and Muslims, Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the to conduct the rebel administration 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- within his area, and ruled over Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty Rohilkhand for about one year; he to the Indian National Army in 1942 foiled the British attempts at creating and served it as Sepoy in the 3rd rifts among the rebel forces and Battalion; he fought against the forbade cow-slaughter in reverence British forces at several places in to the Hindu sentiments; he also Burma (now Myanmar) and was levied taxes for waging war against killed in a battle in 1944. [INA Papers, the British, engaged the British forces F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; in several battles, but lost the crucial WWIM, II, p.154] battle of Bareilly; he withdrew Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 373

Khedan Ahir: Resident of v. Sherpur Khejar Khan: Belonged to distt. Saugor Kalan, distt. Ghazipur, the United [Sagar], (now Madhya Pradesh); took Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o part in the Uprising of 1857 against Veer Nayak Rai. While he was trying the British in Saugor region under the to hoist the National Flag on the command of Nawab Fazil Muhammadabad Tehsil Office during Mohammad Khan of Ambapani; he the ìQuit Indiaî movement, the participated in the overrunning of the police shot and killed him on the spot British settlement at Rahatgarh Fort in August 1942. [H/poll, F.No. 3/30/ in October 1857; between 24 and 28 42, NAI; BCA, p. 111] January 1858 he fought against the British troops during their re- Khedoo: Resident of Bhoolchuk, occupation of Rahatgarh fort; while Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], the North- fighting the enemy forces and facing Western Provinces (now Uttar reverses, he and fellow rebels Pradesh); Brahmin; he fought the decided to leave the fort; soon after British forces at several places in leaving it, Khejar Khan and others Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; were nabbed at Narsinghpur Marg he also offered financial support to by Captain Sulley of the British army, the rebels for buying arms to attack sentenced to death on the charges of the British establishments; he was ëtreason, murder and rebellion caught by the British after their re- against the British,í he was executed occupation of the Ghazipur region, in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. II, and executed by hanging in 1859. NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny (1858), MSAB] Basta, UPRAA] Khem Singh: Resident of Almora, Kheemanand: Born in 1930, resident of Kumaon Division, the United v. Khumand Patti, Distt. Almora, Provinces (now Uttarakhand); Kumaon Division, United Provinces enlisted as Sepoy in the Indian Army (now Uttarakhand); s/o Tika Ram; Medical Corps of the British-Indian agriculturalist; became a Congress Army; fought in the World War II worker and started taking part in the against the Japanese army and ìQuit Indiaî processions and became a prisoner of war in its hands meetings; joined an anti-British in Malaya; he shifted his loyalty to procession at Sumand Patti (Almora) the Indian National Army in 1942 in 1942; the British armed personnel and served it as a Naik in its 3rd came down to stop its advance and Guerilla Regiment; he was killed in opened fire on the processionists; he action in Burma (Myanmar) in 1944. and his younger brother, Ganga Datt, [INA Papers, F.Nos.403/INA, 498/ were shot dead in the firing. [PCJ INA (1945), 379/INA (1946); NAI; Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, 156, EBIFF, II; p.723] 157 (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, p.178; SSKS, KD: p.3; BSAS: p. 129] Khem Singh: Resident of the Garhwal 374 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Division, the United Provinces (now revenue had been increased by fifty Uttarakhand); earlier he was a Soldier per cent. Though all agriculturists in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the were affected adversely by it, the British-Indian Army but shifted his Rajputs had been the hardest hit. loyalty to the Indian National Army Hearing the news of the gathering in 1942, and served its 3rd Battalion of the peasant agitators, the Maharaja as Sepoy; he was killed on the in sent his State Army to counter the Burma (now Myanmar) front by the rallyists at Neemuchana. The troops British forces in 1944. [INA Papers, surrounded the village, blocked all F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; the escape routes from it and opened WWIM, II, p.155] fire on the protesters without any prior warning. Many of the agitators, Kheree: Resident of Banda, the North- including Khetar Singh, received Western Provinces (now Uttar severe bullet wounds in the Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he indiscriminate firing and Khetar provided arms and money to the Singh died of these. Simultaneously, rebels of his area during the Uprising the village was also set on fire by the 1857, and incited them to attack and State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315- kill the firangis (British); he also J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 participated in the capturing of the June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, British treasury and supplying its Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 contents to the rebels; he was caught November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, by the British troops during their Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), operations in the Banda region; NAI] charged with ëmurder, aiding and abetting the rebellioní, he was Khialee Ram: Resident of Kurhul, sentenced to death in August 1858 Mynpoory [Mainpuri], the North- and executed by hanging. [Mutiny Western Provinces (now Uttar Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Sepoy UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) in the C. Company under the British- (1858), MSAB] Indian army; he left the British service during the Uprising of 1857 Khetar Singh: Resident of teh. and joined hands with the rebels and Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. fought against the British; he was Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now caught in 1858 while resisting the Rajasthan); Rajput. He took part in advancing British forces, and the kisan meeting held at Neemuchana sentenced to death on the charges of on 14 May 1925 to remonstrate ëdesertion and mutiny against the against the Maharajaís oppressive British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, administration and his land Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] settlement the Biswedari rights of the Rajputs were forfeited and the land Khizr Butt: Born in 1881 in Shopian, distt. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 375

Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir; s/o the rebellion against the Britishí; he Lassa Butt; Shopkeeper. He was sentenced to death in May 1858 participated in a demonstration at and executed by hanging; his Shopian on 21 September 1931against property was also confiscated the autocratic rule during the political thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Banda movement for responsible govern- Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, ment in Jammu and Kashmir State. Vol. No.53 (X) (1858), MSAB] He was critically wounded in a lathi- charge by the State police on the Khoda Bux: Resident of Kotwali, protestors, and succumbed to his Allahabad, the North-Western injuries on that very day. [File No. Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he V, 8; MMCR, J&KSA, Srinagar; joined hands with the rebels of his WWIM, II, p.52; EBIFF, Vol.1, p.115; area during the Uprising of 1857 and HMKJAMH, p. 323] fought against the British troops; he also took part in looting the British Khoda Bux: Resident of Allahabad, the treasury and using its contents for North-Western Provinces (now Uttar buying arms; he was caught by the Pradesh); he took part in attacking British in the course of their marches and plundering the British into Allahabad, and hanged from a establishments during the 1857 tree in 1857 on the charges of ëlooting Uprising; he also encouraged the and rebellion against the Britishí. people of his locality to join the rebel [Mutiny Records, Allahabad Mutiny forces; he was captured by the British Basta, UPRAA] at the time their attack on Allahabad, and charged with ëplundering and Khodabux Bhisie: Belonged to rebellion against the Britishí; he was Allahabad, the North-Western sentenced to death by hanging in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he June 1857 and executed soon took part in the Uprising of 1857 and thereafter. [Mutiny Records, joined hands with the rebels in Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; fighting the British forces; he also TIM, p.220] incited the local people to attack the British and plunder their properties; Khoda Bux: Resident of Banda, the he was caught by the British troops North-Western Provinces (now Uttar during their raids on the Allahabad Pradesh); he participated in the region, convicted on the charges of Uprising of 1857 and fought against ëplundering and rebellion against the the British forces in the Banda region; Britishí; sentenced to death in July he also provided financial support to 1857, and executed by hanging. his neighbours and encouraged them [Mutiny Records, PP, Further Paper to raise their arms to fight the firangis No.1; TIM, p.207] (British); he was caught during the British re-occupation of Banda, and Khoodee: Belonged to Mahomedabad, charged with ëaiding and abetting Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the 376 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

North-Western Provinces (now Uttar ëdesertion and mutiny against the Pradesh); Aheer; he joined hands British authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, with the rebels of his village during Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. the Uprising of 1857 and fought Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] against the British on several occasions; he was caught by the Khooman: Resident of Gwalee, British forces in the course of an Mirzapoor [Mirzapur], the North- encounter in the Gorakhpur region, Western Provinces (now Uttar and hanged in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh); he joined hands with the NWP, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; rebels of his area during the Uprising Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B (1859), of 1857, and fought the British forces MSAB] on several occasions; caught by the British in a fierce engagement, he Khooman Singh: Resident of Cawnpore was tried and hanged in 1860. (Kanpur), the North-Western [Mutiny Records, NWP Fatehpur Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Mutiny Basta (Ur./Per. Srs.), headed a rebel group during the UPRAA] Uprising of 1857 and fought against the British troops in the Kanpur Khooman: Resident of Shahjehnpoor region in the months of June and July [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western 1857; he was caught by the British Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); troops at the time of their re- Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the C. occupation of Kanpur and charged Company under the British-Indian with ërebellion against the British and army; he refused to serve the British aiding the rebellioní; Khooman Singh during the Uprising of 1857 and was sentenced to death in December joined the rebelsí fighting against the 1857 and executed soon thereafter. British rule; he was caught in 1858 [Mutiny Records, Kanpur Mutiny while confronting the British forces, Basta, UPRAA] and sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny Khooman Singh: Resident of against the British authoritiesí. Surrooppoor, Etawah, the North- [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Western Provinces (now Uttar UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- Pradesh); Thakoor [Thakur]; he was 59), UPSAL] a Havildar [Hawaldar] in the C. Company of the British-Indian army; Khoomanee Khan: Resident of Badaon; he left the British employment the North-Western Provinces (now during the Uprising of 1857 and Uttar Pradesh); Mewatee [Mewati]; joined the rebel forces to fight against he took part in the Uprising of 1857 the British rule; he was caught in the and fought against the British forces course of an engagement with the in Badaon on several occasions; he British forces, and sentenced to was caught by the British during their death in 1859 on the charges of operations against the rebels, and Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 377

executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny fought the British forces on a number Records, Jhansi/Agra Mutiny Basta, of occasions in Aligarh; caught by the UPRAA] British in the course of their attacks on the rebels, he was executed by Khooshal: Resident of Shahjehnpoor hanging in 1857 on the charges of [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western ëmurder and leading the rebels Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); rebellion against the Britishí; his Aheer; he was a Sepoy in the C. house was also razed to the ground. Company under the British-Indian [Mutiny Records, Aligarh Mutiny army; he left the British service Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt. Part-1, Vol. during the Uprising of 1857 and No. 44 (1858), MSAB] joined hands with the rebels for fighting against the British rule; he Khowshallee: Resident of Agra, the was caught in 1858 while confronting North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the British forces, and sentenced to Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces death on the charges of ëdesertion during the Uprising of 1857 and went and mutiny against the British up to Bulandshahar while fighting authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, Agra against the British; he also took part Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. there in an attack on the British Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] officers and their establishments; he was caught by the British in the midst Khoosyal Khan: Resident of Allahabad, of an encounter and hanged in 1858 the North-Western Provinces (now on the charges of ëmurder of the uttar pradesh); he was Nujeeb [Najib] British officers and plundering the under a Commissioner in Allahabad, Government property during the but left the post to join the Uprising rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, of 1857; he also incited many others Bulanadshahar Mutiny Basta, to fight against the British; he was UPRAA] caught by the British during an engagement in Allahabad, and Khub Singh: Resident of Kanpur, the charged with ëdisloyalty and North-Western Provinces (now Uttar rebellion against the Britishí; Pradesh); he joined the rebels of his sentenced to death with confiscation area during the Uprising of 1857, and of his property in June 1857; he was fought against the British troops at executed by hanging. [Mutiny several places in Kanpur; he also Records, Allahabad Mutiny Basta, offered financial support to the local UPRAA; TIM, p.218] people and encouraged them to attack the firangis (British); he was Khowaja Nujuf Allee: Belonged to killed in the course of an engagement Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- with the advancing British army in Western Provinces (now Uttar the Kanpur region in 1857. [Mutiny Pradesh); he led a group of rebels Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, during the Uprising of 1857 and UPRAA] 378 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Khuda Bakhsh: Resident of the North- Khuda Buksh: Resident of the Oudh Western Provinces (now Uttar [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he took part in the Pradesh); Sheikh; he was a Sepoy in Uprising of 1857 and also incited his the A. Company of the British-Indian neighbourhood to take to arms army; he left the British service against the British authorities; he during the Uprising of 1857 and proceeded to Delhi, joined the rebel joined hands with the rebel forces to forces there, and fought the British fight against the British rule; he in several battles; he was killed while fought against the British at several confronting the advancing British places, and died in 1858 while army in Delhi in 1857. [Mutiny resisting the advancing British forces. Papers, Coll No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Vol. No.48 (V) (1858), MSAB] Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Khuda Baksh: Born in Agra, the North- Western Provinces (now Uttar Khuddim: Resident of Lucknow, the Pradesh); he joined hands with the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar rebels in their fighting the firangi- Pradesh); he fought the British forces hukumat (British rule) during the in different engagements, and also Uprising of 1857; he was caught by encouraged others to take part in the the British troops in the course of an resistance against the firangi-hukumat engagement, and accused of ëmurder (British rule) during the Uprising of and rebellion against the Britishí; he 1857; he was killed by the British was sentenced to death in 1858 with army in an armed clash at Baily confiscation of his property; he was Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. executed by hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh UPRAA] (1858), UPSAL]

Khuda Baksh: Resident of Jhansi, Uttar Khuggoo: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; he was the commander of Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces the Cavalry in the army of Rani soon after the outbreak of the 1857 Lakshmi Bai; he played a significant Uprising; along with his associates, role in organizing and directing the he marched towards Delhi while rebel forces against the British fighting against the British forces; he during the Uprising of 1857; he escaped to his region after the British fought back persistently the British re-occupation of Delhi in September armyís offensive on the Jhansi fort; 1857; he died in 1858 while he was killed by the British while confronting the advancing British fighting on 4 June 1857. [Mutiny army in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny Records; Jhansi Mutiny Basta, Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.75] (1858-59), UPSAL] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 379

Khullak Singh: Resident of Ghazeepoor Khusal Singh: Belonged to the Garhwal [Ghazipur], the North-Western Division, the United Provinces (now Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Uttarakhand); he was a Naik in the fought the British forces at several 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- places in Ghazipur during the Indian Army; he shifted his loyalty Uprising of 1857; he was caught by to the Indian National Army in 1942 the British after their re-occupation and served it as Naik in the Ist of the Ghazipur region, and executed Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, against the British forces at Trawang, Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Burma (now Myanmar) he was killed on the battle ground in 1944. [INA Khundoo Singh: Resident of Mundee Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA Syud Khan, Agra, the North-Western (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.156] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Burkundauz Khusal Singh: Resident of the Garhwal [Barqandaz] with the Contingent Division, the United Provinces (now Guards of the Agra Central Prison; Uttarakhand); he was a Naik in the he left the British service during the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebels Indian Army; he decided to shift his of the Agra area; he fought the loyalty to the Indian National Army British in several engagements in the in 1942 and served it as Havildar Agra-Mathura regions; he was killed [Hawaldar] in the 3rd Battalion; he died by the advancing British troops in the fighting the British forces in Burma course of their attacks on the rebels (now Myanmar) in 1944. [INA in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.156] Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] Khushal Singh: Born in v. Julianwala, Khurugjeet: Resident of the Oudh distt. Mirpur, Kashmir State (now [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar Jammu and Kashmir). He was a Pradesh); Nayee [Nai]; he was a Jemadar [Jamadar] in the British- Sepoy in the A. Company of the Indian Armyís 1/13 Frontier Forces British-Indian army; he left the Regiment before shifting his loyalty British employment during the to the Indian National Army in 1942. Uprising of 1857 and joined hands He joined the INA as Captain in the with the rebel forces to fight against Reinforcement Group and died in the British rule; he fought against the Singapore in March 1944 in an British at several places in his region; encounter with the British forces. he died in 1858 while resisting the [INA Papers, 1/INA, NAI; EBIFF, advancing British forces. [Mutiny Vol.2, p.768] Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh (1858- Khushal: Belonged to distt. Meerut, the 59), UPSAL] United Provinces (now Uttar 380 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Pradesh). He shifted his loyalty from Khwaja Baksh: Hailed from Bhopal State the British-Indian Armyís Punjab (now Madhya Pradesh); s/o Namdar Regiment to the Indian National Khan, joined the rebel forces during Army. On joining the INA, he was the Revolt of 1857 against the British placed as a soldier in the 3rd Guerrilla in Saugor [Sagar] district; involved Regiment and deployed to confront in attacking and plundering the the British in Burma (Myanmar) British settlements at Ambapani, where he died fighting in the battle Sehore and Rahatgarh under the field, possibly in 1944. [INA Papers, command of Nawab Fazil F. No. 1/INA, NAI; ROH, pp. 720- Mohammad Khan of Ambapani; he 721] fought from 24 to 28 January 1858 against the British troops who came Khushi Ram: Born in Bareilly, Uttar to re-occupy Rahatgarh Fort under Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces Hugh Rose; in the course of the under the leadership of Khan fighting he was caught by the enemy Bahadur Khan (the rebel supremo in and executed by hanging on 29 the Rohilkhand region) during the January 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. I, Uprising of 1857, and took part in NAIB; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) fighting against the British at several (1858), MSAB] places; he was caught by the advancing British army and executed Khwaja Baksha: Belonged to Singhana by hanging in 1860. [Mutiny Records, town of Jaipur State (now in distt. Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858- Jhunjhunun), the Rajputana Agency 59), UPSAL; WWIM, III, p.76] (now Rajasthan); s/o Abdal [Abdul] Khan; sepoy in the British Army (his Khwaj Baksh: Resident of Mundee father was also employed in Sooth, Agra, the North-Western Regiment No.3, Dera Ghazi Khan); Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); along with other Sowars [Sawars], he Mewattee [Mewati]; he served under deserted the regiment, came to the British as one among the Singhana via Jodhpur and joined the Contingent Guards of the Agra rebels; Khwaja Baksha was arrested Central Prison; he joined a secret in May 1858, sent to the Assistant conspiracy to liberate the prisoners Political Agent of Kanod and during the Uprising of 1857, and executed soon thereafter. [Jaipur State escaped with them while leaving the Milt/Deptt, Pt. II/Minor Head 6/ British employment; he took part in Records No. 01/Pt. 5/5, RSAB, cited several encounters with the British in RSG, V 2, pp.96] forces in the Agra region; he died in 1858 while fighting against the Khwaja Bux: Resident of Jhansi State advancing British army. [Mutiny (now Uttar Pradesh); joined the rebel Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, forces in Jhansi in 1857 and fought UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.53 (X) against the British interferences in (1858), MSAB] Jhansiís affairs; took part in raiding Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 381

the British settlements and outposts Khyrattee: Hailed from Unnao, the in Jhansi and its surrounding areas; North-Western Provinces (now Uttar caught during the British re- Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces occupation of the region in 1858 and soon after the outbreak of the 1857 sentenced to death on charges of Uprising; along with the other rebels, ëtaking part in the rebellion against he marched towards Delhi while the Britishí, he was executed soon fighting against the British forces; he thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi escaped to his region after the British Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, re-occupation of Delhi in September Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), MSAB] 1857; he died in 1858 while resisting the advancing British army in the Khyolee: Born in Meerut, the North- Unnao region. [Mutiny Records, Western Provinces (now Uttar Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Pradesh); he participated in the Uprising of 1857 and also incited his Kidar Singh: Resident of the Garhwal neighbourhood to raise their arms Division, the United Provinces (now against the British rule; he fought the Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the British forces at several places in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- Meerut region; caught by the British Indian Army; he left the British after the defeat of the rebel forces service to join the Indian National and charged with ëmurder and Army in 1942 and served it as Sepoy plundering the Government property in the 3rd Battalion; while fighting during the rebellioní, he was against the British-Allied forces in sentenced to death in 1858 and Burma (now Myanmar) he was killed executed by hanging. [Mutiny on the battle ground in 1944. [INA Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA UPRAA] (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.157]

Khyratee: Resident of Agra, the North- Kindariya/ Kondariya: Born in v. Western Provinces (now Uttar Benglur, Pargana Kaikagarh in Pradesh); following the outbreak of Jagdalpur, Bastar State (now in the 1857 Uprising, he joined the local Chhattisgarh); took part in the rebels in attacking and plundering Adivasi (tribal) Bhumkalórevolt of British establishments in Agra; he 1910 in the Jagdalpur area of Bastar was caught by the British army and against the feudal and colonial put on trial on the charges of exploitation, and also for maintaining ëplundering and rebellion against the the tribalsí distinct ways of life. On Britishí; sentenced to transportation 16 February 1910 he took part in a for life in February 1859, he died in direct confrontation (the Indrawati- captivity before the sentence could ford battle) between the rebels and begin. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. the British where many of the rebels (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] were killed. Kindariya/ Kondariya and few others escaped from the 382 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

scene and rallied round the Kirpaji Dhakar: Hailed from v. neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar Amarpura, teh. Begun, Mewar State villages. ìOn the night of 25th (now distt. Udaipur), the Rajputana February, the combined forces Agency (now Rajasthan); Dhakars surrounded the Ulnar hill on which (Kirpaji and Rupaji) took part in the the men of Netanar village [the anti-Begar agitation against the rebels] were supposed to be atrocities of the Jagirdars. Vijai Singh encamped. The movement was well ìPathikî, President of Rajasthan Seva executed, and all the aboriginals Sangh, had already launched a [tribals] were captured ....î successful peasant movement in Kindariya/ Kondariya was one Bijolia, near Begun Thikana, against among those who had been arrested, Begar and atrocities of the Jagirdars. charged with ìwaging war against It created a stir in Begun, and the Crownî, and tried along with encouraged Kirpaji and Rupaji others between 13 March and 28 Dharkars to mobilize peasants in April 1910 (known as the Jagdalpur Begun and other neighbouring Trial). Seventy eight of the rebels, Thikanas against giving Begar and including Kindariya/ Kondariya, paying Lag-Bags (cesses). This led the were detained in Bastar Jail and later Mewar State to depute G.C. Trench, in June 1910 they were shifted to the the Revenue Commissioner, along Raipur Central Jail, where he died with an armed force, to deal with the (before 7 November 1910) due to ill- agitating Begun peasants. About 500 treatment and tortures by the jail peasants gathered at Govindpura to authorities. [F/Poll (Confidential), discuss matters with Trench. But Nos 60, 29 of 1910, NAI; Jail Records, instead of meeting the peasants, Central Jail, Raipur, List of Bastar Trench haughtily ordered the armed Prisoners, cf HTPB, pp.245-57] force to burn the village on 13 July 1923. When Kirpaji and Rupaji came Kirpa Singh: Belonged to the Garhwal forward to handle the situation, the Division, the United Provinces (now troops opened fire, resulting in the Uttarakhand); he was a Havildar deaths of Kirpaji and Rupaji along [Hawaldar] in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles with nine others. [RSSS, pp.73-94; of the British-Indian Army; shifted Sujas, No.4, June-July 1998, Jaipur, his loyalty to the Indian National pp.68-70; AMR, 1913-1947, pp.69-70] Army in 1942 where he was placed on the same rank in the Ist Bahadur Kiser Singh: Resident of Allygurh Group; while fighting against the [Aligarh], the North-Western Allied forces at several places in Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Burma (now Myanmar); he was took part in the Uprising of 1857 and killed during an enemy air attack on also motivated others to rise against his camp at Myitkina in 1943. [INA the firangi-hukumat (British rule); he Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA moved into Delhi, joined hands with (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p. 157] the rebels there and fought the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 383

British troops on several occasions; same day. [Mutiny Papers, II, NAIB; he died while confronting the WWIM, III, pp. 76-77] advancing British forces in Delhi in September 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll Kishan Singh: Hailed from v. Guruda No.57, NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 Patti, distt. Almora, Uttar Kumaon (V) (1858), MSAB] Division, the United Provinces (now Uttarakhand); s/o Trilok Singh; Kishan Ram: Born in 1806, resident of educated up to the middle standard; Ambapani, Bhopal State, the Central joined the Gandhi Ashram at India Agency (now Madhya Chanauda; participated in the ìQuit Pradesh); employee of Jagirdar Nawab Indiaî movement in Almora Fazil Mohammad Khan of Ambapani; (Chanauda) in 1942; caught in the he joined the anti-British rebel forces British armed troopsí indiscriminate led by his employer during the firing while taking part in a protest Uprising of 1857; participated in demonstration; received severe attacking the British outposts at bullet wounds and died on the spot. Ambapani, Sehore and Rahatgarh; [PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 155, confronted the British reinforce- 156, 157 (PA), NAI; WWIM, I, p.181; ments under General Hugh Rose at SSKS, KD: p.3; BSAS: pp. 129-30] Rahatgarh fort between 24 and 28 January 1858; captured by the enemy Kishen Singh: Belonged to Agra, the on 29 January 1858 and sentenced to North-Western Provinces (now Uttar death, Kishan Ram was hanged on Pradesh); participated in the Rising 30 January 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Vol. of 1857 and fought against the British V, NAIB; WWIM, III, pp.76-77] in Agra and its surrounding areas; he was caught by the British forces Kishan Ram: Hailed from Ambapani, and convicted on the charges of Madhya Pradesh; worked as ëmurder, plundering and rebellion Secretary of Nawab Fazil against the Britishí; sentenced to be Mohammad (Jagirdar of Ambapani); hanged in January 1859. [Mutiny along with his employer, he joined Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) the anti-British rebel forces during NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] the ëUprising of 1857í in the Ambapani area; took a prominent Kishen Singh: Resident of Furrukhabad part in fighting the British troops in [Farukhabad], the North-Western several places; while confronting the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he British troops at Rahatgarh fort on was a Trooper in the 9th Light Caralry 30 January 1858, his rebel force lost of the British-Indian army; he was to the enemy; and on being captured scheduled to be executed by the along with other rebels, he was British on 20 June 1858 for rebellion executed on 30 January 1858 at and mutiny; Later on, Special Rahatgarh fort; 17 arrested rebels Commissioner of Farrukhabad were also killed on the spot on the observed ëas Kishen Singh was not 384 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

present at the time of the mutiny of Kishoondeyal Roy: Resident of his regiment, a discrimination ought Budeelpore, Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], to have been made and the the North-Western Provinces (now punishment be limited to Uttar Pradesh); Bhoonhar [Bhunhar]; transportation for lifeí. He died he fought the British forces at several serving the sentence. [Mutiny places in Ghazipur during the Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) Uprising of 1857; he also offered NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] financial support to the rebels for buying arms to attack the British Kishna Singh: Resident of teh. establishments; he was caught by the Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. British army after their re-occupation Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now of the Ghazipur region, and executed Rajasthan); Thakur. He participated by hanging in 1859. [Mutiny Records, in the kisan agitatorsí meeting held Ghazipur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to demonstrate against the Maharajaís Kishore Singh: Resident of v. Garhi mal-administration and his land Sahja, teh. Etmadpur, distt. Agra, the settlement policy of 1923-24. In this United Provinces (now Uttar settlement the Biswedari rights of the Pradesh). In 1930, a Congress-backed Rajputs were forfeited and the land kisan movement for non-payment of revenue increased by fifty per cent. taxes was launched during the Civil Though all agriculturists were Disobedience movement in Agra. affected adversely by it, the Rajputs Consequent to this ìno-taxî suffered the most. Hearing the news campaign, the peasants of Garhi Sahja of this gathering the Maharaja sent village received some reprieve from his State Army to counter the rallyists land taxes. However, a few Zamin- at Neemuchana. The troops dars of the tehsil maneuvered with the surrounded the village, blocked all help of local officials to secure the exit points from it and opened confiscation warrants for non- fire on the protesters without any payment. They induced the police to prior warning of dispersal. Many start confiscating the peasantsí crops People received severe gun shots in and cattle, resulting in serious kisan- the indiscriminate firing, including police clashes. Kishore Singhóone of Kishna Singh, who died on the spot. the kisan resistersówas involved in Simultaneously, the village was also a clash such as these, and died of set on fire by the State troops. [Alwar police firing on the spot. [H/Poll, Judl, F.No. 315-J/23 of 1925, RSAB; F.Nos. 23/54/1930, 23/58/1930, NAI; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; News- SSKS, p. 46 & 47; WWIM, I, p.181] papersí Cuttings, Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 November 1936, RSAB; Kishoree Singh: Resident of Agra, the PCJ Papers, Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, North-Western Provinces (now Uttar 191 (PA), NAI] Pradesh); Nayee [Nai]; he was a Sepoy in the A. Company of the Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 385

British-Indian army; he left the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he British service during the Uprising was a Sepoy in the Permanent Armed of 1857 and fought against the British Guards at the Agra Central Prison; at several places; he died in 1858 on his being deputed at while resisting the advancing British Bulandshahar on escort duty, he left forces. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Agra the British employment in June 1857 Mutiny Basta, UPRAA Mutiny to participate in the Uprising of 1857. Records, NWP, Etawahh Mutiny Along with the other rebels, he Basta, UPRAA] marched towards Delhi and joined the rebel forces there; he was killed Kishun Aheer: Born in Chitkon, Dobhi during an engagement with the Taluqa, Jawnpore [Jaunpur], the advancing British army in the Delhi North-Western Provinces (now Uttar region in September 1857. [Mutiny Pradesh); he joined hands with the Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, S. No. rebel forces during the Uprising of 69, UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 1857 and fought the British in several 57, NAI] engagements in the Azamgarh region; he was captured by the Kisree Singh: Born in Bag Muzuffur British troops in Senapur village, and Khan, Agra, the North-Western executed by hanging from a mango Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); tree in May 1858. [Mutiny Records, Brahmin; he was a Burkundauz Jaunpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; [Barqandaz] in the Contingent Guards WWIM, III, p.67] of the Agra Central Prison; he left the British employment during the Kishun Singh: He was a Naik in the Uprising of 1857, joined hands with British Indian army, posted at the rebels of the Agra area and Aligarh, the North-Western fought the British troops in several Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he engagements in the Agra-Mathura left the British service when the Great region; he was killed in the midst of Uprising of 1857 broke out and joined the British attacks on the rebels in the rebels in attacking the British 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny troops; he also provided financial Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 support to the rebels of Aligarh and (VII) (1858), MSAB] played an active role in organizing their campaigns; he was captured by Kmata: Belonged to Unnao, the North- the British during an armed Western Provinces (now Uttar engagement and executed by hanging Pradesh); he took part in the on 3 July 1858. [Mutiny Records, Uprising of 1857 and fought the Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858- British forces at a number of places 59), UPSAL] in the Unnao-Kanpur region; he also incited the rebels to attack the British Kisoon Singh: Hailed from Muttra establishments and seize their [Mathura], the North-Western properties; he was killed while 386 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

confronting the British army in few others escaped from the scene Unnao in 1857. [Mutiny Records, and rallied round the neighbouring Unnao Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] Ulnar and Netanar villages. ìOn the night of 25th February, the combined Koba Gond: Hailed from Betul, forces surrounded the Ulnar hill on Nerbudda division, Central which the men of Netanar village [the Provinces and Berar (now Madhya rebels] were supposed to be Pradesh). Joined the Forest encamped. The movement was well Satyagraha under the leadership of executed, and all the aboriginals Seth Deepchand in Betul in the first [tribals] were captured....î Kola Majhi half of August 1930. When about 500 was one among those who had been locals (belonging to Gond and Korku arrested, charged with ìwaging war tribes) gathered at Banjardhal on 22 against the Crownî, and tried along August 1930 to protest against the with others between 13 March and Governmentís Reserved Forest 28 April 1910 (known as the Policies, the police used force to Jagdalpur Trial). With seventy eight disperse the gathering, and the other rebels Kola Majhi was detained ensuing clash resulted in the injuries in Bastar Jail and later in June 1910 of many tribesmen and the death of shifted to the Raipur Central Jail, a policeman. Next day (23 August where he was tortured to death 1930) the agitators had to face the (before 7 November 1910). [F/Poll fury of police reinforcement under (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, the Superintendant of Police, Betul NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, district, and in the resultant fight Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf Koba Gond was hit in the police firing HTPB, pp.245-57] and died on the spot. [H/Poll, F.No.77/1930, NAI; MPDGB, p.66; Konjal Shah: Hailed from the Betul district Case File No. 77 of 1930; Bundelkhand region; he fought MPDG, Betul p.66] against the British forces during the Uprising of 1857, and also provided Kola Majhi: Hailed from Jagdalpur financial support to other rebels of region, Bastar State (now in his area; he was shot dead by the Chhattisgarh); joined the Adivasi British agent for his rebellious (tribal) Bhumkal ñ revolt of 1910 in activities. [Mutiny Records, F/ Poll the Jagdalpur area of Bastar against Consultation nos. 107-8 (1858), NAI] the colonial and feudal exploitation, and in the tribesí anxiety for mainta- Kooma: Born in Ghazeepoor [Ghazipur], ining their distinct ways of life. On the North-Western Provinces (now 16 February 1910, following the Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel direct confrontation (Indrawati-ford forces of his area and fought the battle) between the rebels and the British forces at several places in British where many people died Ghazipur during the Uprising of 1857; among the rebels, Kola Majhi and he was caught by the British after Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 387

their re-occupation of the Ghazipur he left the British service during the region, and executed by hanging in Uprising of 1857 and joined the rebels 1859. [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur to challenge the British authority; he Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] was caught in 1858 while resisting the British forces, and sentenced to Koonar Singh: Resident of Jhansee death on the charges of ëdesertion [Jhansi], Uttar Pradesh; he led the and mutiny against the British local rebel forces in fighting against authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, the British during the Uprising of Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. 1857; he also provided financial Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] support to the rebels and incited others to take part in the revolt; he Koondun Lall: Hailed from Kuchaihree- was arrested by the British army at ghat Agra, the North-Western the time of its operations against the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); rebels, and put on trial on the charges Kaith; he was a Sepoy in the B. of ëplundering, murder and Company of the British-Indian army; instigating rebellion against the he left the British employment Britishí; sentenced to be hanged by during the Uprising of 1857 and the neck till death on 10 August 1858, joined hands with the rebels for his property was also confiscated. fighting against the British rule; he [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl was caught in 1858 while confronting Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] the British forces, and sentenced to death on the charges of ëdesertion Koondee: Belonged to Kotwali, Bareilly, and mutiny against the British Uttar Pradesh; Thakoor [Thakur]; he authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, joined hands with the rebels of his Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. area during the Uprising of 1857 and Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] marched towards Delhi while fighting against the British forces; he Koondun Singh: Belonged to Madhya returned to his region after the fall Pradesh; he fought against the British of Delhi in September 1857; he was forces during the Uprising of 1857; caught by the British following their he was caught by the British in the re-occupation of this area and hanged course of an engagement in 1857 and in 1859 on the charges of ëmurder executed by hanging. [Mutiny and rebellion against the Britishí. Records, Rev. Deptt. F. No. 19 (1857), [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny MPSAB] Basta, UPRAA] Koondun Singh: Resident of Allygurh Koondnarain: Resident of Humeerpoor [Aligarh], the North-Western [Hamirpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took part in the Uprising of 1857 and Kaith; he was a Sepoy in the B. also encouraged other people to raise Company of the British-Indian army; their arms and kill the British; he 388 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

marched on to Delhi, joined hands Koorleey: Resident of Mirzapore with the rebels there and fought the [Mirzapur], the North-Western British troops; he was captured by Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took the British army after the fall of part in attacking and plundering the Delhi, and charged with ësedition and British establishments during the rebellion against the Britishí; he was Uprising of 1857; he was caught by sentenced to death and shot dead in the British in the course of their 1857. [Mutiny Records, Judl. Deptt. operations in Mrizapur and (Delhi Div.) F.No.3 (1858), HSAP] sentenced to imprisonment for life in August 1858 on the charges of Koonja: Resident of Cawnpore (Kanpur), ëplundering, murder and rebellioní; the North-Western Provinces (now he lost his life in jail. [Mutiny Uttar Pradesh); he joined the anti- Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) British rebel forces during the Revolt NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] of 1857 in Kanpur; also encountered the British attempts at re-occupying Koosulla: Belonged to Banda, the North- Kanpur in the second half of 1857; Western Provinces (now Uttar caught by the enemy, and sentenced Pradesh); he participated in attacking to death on charges of ërebellion and killing the Europeans during the against the Britishí, he was executed Uprising of 1857; he also encouraged in the latter part of 1857. [Mutiny his neighbours to attack the firangis Records, Kanpur Mutiny Basta, (British); captured by the British UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) troops at the time of their raids on (1858), MSAB] Banda and charged with ëmurder and rebellion against the Britishí, he Kooray: Belonged to Serai Suhur, was sentenced to death in August Futehpore Secree [Fatehpur Sikri], 1858 and executed by hanging; his the North-Western Provinces (now property was also confiscated. Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel [Mutiny Records, Banda Mutiny ranks during the Uprising of 1857 and Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 went up to Bulandshahar fighting (IX) (1858), MSAB] against the British; he took part there in an attack on the British officers Koram Brahmin: Belonged to Jabalpur, and their establishments; he was Madhya Pradesh; s/o Thakal caught by the British in the course of Brahmin; he took part in the fighting an encounter and hanged in 1858 on against the British during the the charges of ëmurder of the British Uprising of 1857; he was caught by officers and plundering the the British forces and charged with Government property during the ërebellion against the British;í; he was rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, sentenced to death on 17 February Bulanadshahar Mutiny Basta, 1858. [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt. F. UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.51 (VIII) No. 3 (1858), MPSAB] (1858), MSAB] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 389

Korlk: Belonged to Jagdalpur area in during the Uprising of 1857, and Bastar State (now in Chhattisgarh); fought against the British at various took part in the Adivasi (tribal) places in Etawah; he also incited the Bhumkal ñ the revolt of 1910 in the local people to attack the firangis Jagdalpur region of Bastar against the (British); he was killed while resisting feudalñcolonial exploitation, and for the advancing British army in Etawah the Tribal anxiety to preserve their in 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Etawah distinct ways of life. On 16 February Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] 1910, following the direct confronta- tion (Indrawati-ford battle) between Kowulgir: Born in Gushaen, Mynpoory the rebels and the British where [Mainpuri], the North-Western many people died on the rebel side, Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Korlk and few others escaped from took part in the fight against the the scene and rallied round the British during the Uprising of 1857; neighbouring Ulnar and Netanar he also offered financial support to villages. ìOn the night of 25th the rebels of his area for buying arms February, the combined forces and to attack the British establish- surrounded the Ulnar hill on which ments; he was captured by the British the men of Netanar village [the after their re-occupation of this area rebels] were supposed to be and charged with ëplundering the encamped. The movement was well Government property and rebellion executed, and all the aboriginals against the Britishí; he was sentenced [tribals] were captured....î Korlk was to death and hanged in 1861. [Mutiny arrested with others, charged with Records, Jhansi Mutiny Basta, ìwaging war against the Crownî, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.52 (IX) and tried between 13 March and 28 (1858), MSAB] April 1910 (known as the Jagdalpur Trial). Seventy eight rebels, including Kripal Singh Rawat: Resident of the Korlk, were sentenced to rigorous Tehri-Garhwal, the United Provinces imprisonment and put behind the (now Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier bars in Bastar Jail. Later in June 1910 in the 2/18 Garhwal Rifles of the they were shifted to the Raipur British-Indian Army; he shifted his Central Jail, where Korlk died loyalty to the Indian National Army (before 7 November 1910) suffering in 1942 and served it as Naik in the ill-treatment and tortures. [F/Poll 3rd Guerrilla Regiment; while fighting (Confidential), Nos 60, 29 of 1910, against the British forces in Burma NAI; Jail Records, Central Jail, (now Myanmar) he was killed in the Raipur, List of Bastar Prisoners, cf battle field in 1944. [INA Papers, HTPB, pp.245-57] F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.272] Koshar Singh: Resident of Etawah, the North-Western Provinces (now uttar Kripal Singh: Resident of the Garhwal pradesh); he joined the rebel forces Division, the United Provinces (now 390 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Uttarakhand); he was a Soldier in the Krishna Kumar: Born on 1 August 1928 5/18 Garhwal Rifles of the British- in v. Basura, distt. Mainpuri, the Indian Army; he left the British United Provinces (now Uttar service and joined the Indian Pradesh); s/o Puttu Lal. He took part National Army in 1942; he served the in the ìQuit Indiaî movement as a INA as Sepoy in the 3rd Battalion; he school student of class VII. He was killed during fighting against the received severe bullet wounds in the British forces in Burma (now police firing on a protest rally he Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, joined at Bewar on 8 August 1942. F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA (1946), NAI; He died on the spot along with two WWIM, II, p.163] other protesters. The Amar Shahid School at Mainpuri was later Krishan Meena: Resident of v. Kharipur established to commemorate their in Udaipur (Mewar) State, the martyrdom. [H/Poll, F.No. 3/30/42, Rajputana Agency (now Rajasthan). NAI; WWIM, I, p.185; SSKS, 30, p.Ja With thousands of kisans, he actively & Jha] participated in the peasant movement in the Bijolia Jagir where Krishna: Resident of Faizabad, the Oudh 86 irregular cesses were imposed on [Awadh] Province (now in Uttar the cultivators by the Thikanedars. The Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces exorbitant exactions led the Bijolia of his region during the Uprising of peasants in 1905, and again in 1913- 1857 and proceeded to Lucknow; he 1916, to collectively refuse to cultivate fought against the British at various lands and to threaten a mass places in Lucknow city; he was migration to the neighboring areas. caught by the British army in the The Bijolia agrarian movement course of an encounter and hanged received a further thrust when it was at Machhi Bhawan, Lucknow, in June linked up with the national 1857. [Mutiny Records, Lucknow movement by an ex-revolutionary, Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Abst. Proc. Vijay (Bijoy) Singh ìPathikî, and his (Judl Deptt.) Oudh (1857), UPSAL] associate, Manik Lal Verma of Bijolia. They led a ìno-taxî campaign in Kudu Yadav: Born in v. Janghai, distt. Bijolia again in 1916. Hundreds of Jaunpur, the United Provinces (now peasants, including Krishan Meena, Uttar Pradesh), farmer. He were arrested, detained and severely participated in the demonstration tortured by the Jail authorities in organized during the ìQuit Indiaî Central Jail, Udaipur. Krishan Meena movement at his village and was and his collaborators, Anjaan, Dhuni arrested by the police. At the time of and Shribhagwan could not bear detention he was subjected to these inhuman feudal tortures and inhuman tortures in the jail and died died in detention. [BKAI, pp.100-11; of these in August 1942. [H/poll TR, 31 May 1925, RSAB] F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; RORCG; WWIM, I, p.185] Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 391

Kuhur Singh: Belonged to Futtehpore [Aligarh], the North-Western [Fatehpur], the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh): he participated in the Uprising of 1857 joined the Uprising of 1857 and and also motivated others to take part fought against the British forces at in the fighting against the British; he various places in the Fatehpur- came over to Delhi, joined hands Kanpur region; he also provided with the rebels there and fought the financial support to the rebels and British troops on various occasions; encouraged them to raise their arms he died while fighting the advancing against the British authorities; he was British forces in Delhi in September killed by the British troops in the 1857. [Mutiny Papers, Coll No.57, course of an engagement in 1857. NAI; Poll Deptt, Vol. No.48 (V) [Mutiny Records, Fatehpur Mutiny (1858), MSAB] Basta (Ur./Per.Srs.), UPRAA] Kulian: Resident of Muttra [Mathura], Kujree: Hailed from Unnao, the North- the North-Western Provinces (now Western Provinces (now Uttar Uttar Pradesh); Choukeedar Pradesh); he joined the rebel forces [Chaukidar]; he joined the rebel forces soon after the outbreak of the 1857 during the Uprising of 1857 and went Uprising; he marched towards Delhi up to Bulandshahar while fighting while fighting against the British against the British; he took part there forces; he escaped to his region after in an attack on the British the British re-occupation of Delhi in establishments; caught by the British September 1857; he died in 1858 while in the course of an engagement, he resisting the advancing British army was hanged in 1858 on the charges in the Unnao region. [Mutiny of ëmurder of the British officers and Records, Unnao Mutiny Basta, plundering the Government property UPRAA] during the rebellioní. [Mutiny Records, Bulanadshahar Mutiny Kulean Singh: Belonged to Lucknow, Basta, UPRAA] the Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with Kullee: Belonged to Serai Suhur, the rebel forces in Lucknow during Futehpore Secree [Fatehpur Sikri], the 1857 Uprising; took part in the North-Western Provinces (now attacking the British and plundering Uttar Pradesh); he joined the rebel their offices; caught by the British forces of his area during the Uprising troops, he was sentenced to death in of 1857 and participated in attacks on April 1858 in the charges of the British officers and their ëplundering, murder and rebellioní. establishments; he was caught by the [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl British in the midst of an engagement Deptt.) Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] and hanged in 1858 on the charges of ëmurder of the British officers and Kuleemoodeen: Resident of Allygurh plundering the Government property 392 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

during the rebellioní. [Mutiny fought the British at various places; Records, Bulanadshahar Mutiny he died in 1858 while resisting the Basta, UPRAA] advancing British army. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, Kullendur Singh: Resident of Jhansi, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, No.43B Uttar Pradesh; he took part in the (1859), MSAB] Uprising of 1857 and also incited others to raise their arms against the Kullian Singh: Resident of Jagdishpur, British rule; he fought the British Lucknow, the Oudh [Awadh] forces at various places; he was Province (now Uttar Pradesh); he caught by the British after the defeat joined the Uprising of 1857 and of the rebels in his area, and charged travelled up to the Delhi and with ëplundering and rebellion Haryana regions fighting the British against the Britishí; he was sentenced forces; he also persuaded many to death in 1858 and executed by others to join the rebels; he was hanging. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi caught by the British troops in Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; AG (1859), Haryana in 1857 and charged with MPSAB] ësedition and rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced to death Kullenjar Singh: Belonged to and executed at Jhajjar. [Mutiny Cheterkonee, Ghazeepoor Records, Abst. Proc. (Judl Deptt.) [Ghazipur], the North-Western Oudh (1858-59), UPSAL] Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he fought the British forces at several Kullien: Resident of Gouslee, Agra, the places in Ghazipur during the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Uprising of 1857; he was caught by Pradesh); Brahmin; he was a Naick the British troops after their re- [Naik] in the A. Company of the occupation of the Ghazipur region, British-Indian army; he left the and executed by hanging in 1859. British service during the Uprising [Mutiny Records, Ghazipur Mutiny of 1857 and fought against the British Basta, UPRAA] at several places in his region; he died in 1858 while resisting the Kullian Dass: Belonged to Mayeethah, advancing British forces. [Mutiny Agra, the North-Western Provinces Records, NWP, Agra Mutiny Basta, (now Uttar Pradesh); Brahmin; he UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- was a Duffadar [Dafadar] in the 59), UPSAL] Contingent Guards of the Agra Central Prison under the British; he Kulloo: Belonged to Nuyabas, Agra, the left the Government service during North-Western Provinces (now Uttar the Uprising of 1857 and joined hands Pradesh); Shaikh; he was a with the rebels in their fighting Burkundauz [Barqandaz] with the against the British rule; he marched Contingent Guards of the Agra towards Delhi along with others and Central Prison; he left the British Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 393

employment during the Uprising of Kulwant Singh: Belonged to Phirauli 1857 and joined the rebel forces of Babu, the North-Western Provinces the Agra area; he fought the British (now Uttar Pradesh); he joined the in several engagements in the Agra- rebel forces of the Amorha state Mathura region; he died in the course (now in distt. Basti) during the of British attacks on the rebels in Uprising of 1857, and fought the 1858. [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny British at several places; he was Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. I, caught by the British during their No.43B (1859), MSAB] offensive on the rebel position, and executed by hanging from a ëPipal Kulloo: Hailed from Bareilly, Uttar Treeí in 1858. [Mutiny Records, Pradesh; he joined the rebel forces Monument of Chhawani, cited in soon after the outbreak of the 1857 LL1857, pp.20-26] Uprising; along with his fellow rebels he marched towards Delhi while Kulyan: Belonged to the Hoshangabad fighting against the British forces; he region, Madhya Pradesh; he joined escaped to his region soon after the hands with the rebels of his area British re-occupation of Delhi in during the Uprising of 1857 and September 1857; he died in 1858 while fought against the British at several confronting the advancing British places; he was caught by the British army in the Bareilly region. [Mutiny army in the course of an engagement Records, F/Abst. Proc. (Poll), NWP in 1857 he was executed by hanging (1858-59), UPSAL] on 17 October 1857. [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt. Vol. No. 106 (1859, MSAB] Kuloo: Resident of Allahabad, the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar Kumal Khan: Hailed from Coel/ Pradesh); he was a Chuprasee Allygurh [Aligarh], the North- [Chaprasi] under the British authority, Western Provinces (now Uttar but left it during the Uprising of 1857 Pradesh); Pathan; he participated in and rendered his services to the rebel the Uprising of 1857 and also incited forces in fighting against the British his neighbourhood to take to arms in the Allahabad region; he also against the British and join the march incited the local people to fight towards Delhi; he fought the British against the firangis (British); he was forces at several places in the caught by the British troops at the Aligarh-Delhi region; he was caught time of their attacks on the Allahabad by the British after the defeat of the area, and charged with ërebellion rebel forces and charged with against the Britishí; he was sentenced ëmurder, sedition and rebellion to death in July 1857 and executed against the Britishí; he was sentenced by hanging. [Mutiny Records, to death in 1860 and executed by Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; hanging. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi TIM, p.207] Mutiny Basta, UPRAA] 394 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Kumar Mallah: Born in 1916 in v. happened to be one who had been Mayodpur, distt. Azamgarh, the killed on the spot on that day. [H/ United Provinces (now Uttar poll, F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; SSKS, 27, Pradesh); s/o Akloo Mallah. He pp. ma, ya, ra la] participated in the protest demonstration at Madhuban during Kumbee Singh: Belonged to Budaon the ìQuit Indiaî movement. When [Badaon], the North-western the police opened fire on the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); agitators, Kumar Mallah received Thakoor [Thakur]; he joined hands severe bullet injuries and died on the with the rebels of his area during the same day in August 1942. [H/Poll, Uprising of 1857 and marched F.No. 3/30/42, NAI; WWIM, I, p. towards Delhi while continuing to 186] fight against the British forces; he returned to his region after the fall Kumar Manjhi: Hailed from v. of Delhi in September 1857, caught Mirdatpur, p.o. Indara, distt. by the British after their re- Azamgarh, the United Provinces occupation of this area and hanged (now Uttar Pradesh); s/o Aklu. In the in 1860 on the charges of ëmurder wake of the ìQuit Indiaî movement, and rebellion against the Britishí. the police inspector and the force [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Mutiny under him at the Madhuban police Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. III, station had been ordered to raid the No.43D (1859), MSAB] Congress office in Dubari Division, put down the National flag flying Kumlaput: Belonged to Shahjehanpoor over it and destroy everything [Shahjahanpur], the North-Western within. This incident on 13 August Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); 1942 infuriated the people and they Brahmin; he was a Sepoy in the B. started gathering near the police Company of the British-Indian army; station on 15 August 1942 from every he left the British employment part of the district. The demonstra- during the Uprising of 1857 and tors thereafter sought the Thana in- joined hands with the rebels for Chargeís permission for putting up fighting against the British rule; he the National flag on the top of the was caught in 1858 while resisting the police station, which he curtly British forces, and sentenced to refused on the pretext of the District death on the charges of ëdesertion Magistrateís presence inside. When and mutiny against the British the agitatorsí request was thus authoritiesí. [Mutiny Records, NWP, turned down, they began to pelt Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mil. stones on the Thana edifice and were Abst. Proc. NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] fired upon by the police from inside the building. In this firing a Kumoo: Resident of Humeerpoor substantial number of people were [Hamirpur], the North-Western shot dead and Kumar Manjhi Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 395

participated in the Uprising of 1857 and executed by hanging. [Mutiny and fought against the British forces Records, Banda Mutiny Basta, in the Hamirpur region; he was UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D captured during an engagement with (1859), MSAB] the British troops, and charged with ëmurder and rebellion against the Kumroodeen: Hailed from Badaon, the Britishí; he was sentenced to death North-Western Provinces (now Uttar with confiscation of property in 1859 Pradesh); Shaikh; he was a Jemadar and executed by hanging soon [Jamadar] in the Armed Guard thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Contingent at the Agra Central Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Prison; he stopped serving the British Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D (1859), from June 1857 in order to join the MSAB] Uprising of 1857. Along with other rebels, he marched towards Delhi Kumraj Thapa: Resident of the Garhwal and participated in the fight against Division, the United Provinces (now the British; he was killed during an Uttarakhand); he was a Havildar encounter with the advancing British [Hawaldar] in the 2/1 Garhwal Rifles army in the Delhi region in of the British-Indian Army; he September 1857. [Mutiny Records, shifted his loyalty to the Indian Agra Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Mutiny National Army in 1942 and served it Papers, Coll No. 57, NAI] in the same rank in the Ist Bahadur Group; he was killed by the British Kumroodeen: Resident of Budoun forces in Burma (now Myanmar) [Badaon], the North-Western during an engagement in 1944. [INA Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 379/INA Sheikh; he was a Sowar [Sawar] in the (1946), NAI; WWIM, II, p.329] C. Company under the British-Indian army; he left the service during the Kumroodeen Khan: Resident of Banda, Uprising of 1857 and joined hands the North-Western Provinces (now with the rebels for fighting against Uttar Pradesh); he joined hands with the British rule; he was caught in 1858 the rebels during the Uprising of 1857 while confronting against the British and fought against the British forces forces; he was sentenced to death on at various places in the Banda region; the charges of ëdesertion and mutiny he also propagated against the British against the British authoritiesí. rule and incited the people to raise [Mutiny Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, their arms to end the firangi-hukumat UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. NWP (1858- (British rule); he was captured during 59), UPSAL] an engagement with the advancing British troops in Banda, and charged Kundan Singh: Inhabitant of the with ësedition and murder of Garhwal Division, the United Europeans during the rebellioní; he Provinces (now Uttarakhand); he was was sentenced to death in May 1858 a Soldier in the 5/18 Garhwal Rifles 396 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

of the British-Indian Army; he killed by the British in the course of shifted his loyalty to the Indian an engagement in 1857. [Mutiny National Army in 1942 and served it Records, Poll Deptt, Vol. No. 50 (VII) as Lance-Naik; he fought the Allied (1858), MSAB; TFWI, II, p.71] forces in Burma (now Myanmar) and was killed in the battle field in 1944. Kunwar Gopal: Resident of Etawah, the [INA Papers, F.Nos. 1/INA, 498/ North-Western Provinces (now uttar INA (1945), NAI; WWIM, II, p.166] pradesh); he joined the rebels of his area in their fighting against the Kungul Roy: Belonged to Mahomeda- British during the Uprising of 1857, bad, Gurruckpoor [Gorakhpur], the and also incited the local people to North-Western Provinces (now Uttar attack the firangis (British); he died Pradesh); Rajpoot [Rajput]; he joined while confronting the advancing hands with the rebel forces of his British army in the Etawah region in area during the Uprising of 1857 and 1858. [Mutiny Papers, Etawah Mutiny fought against the British on several Basta, UPRAA] occasions; he was caught by the British during an encounter in the Kunwar Singh: Resident of v. Ganai Gorakhpur region, and hanged in Gangoli, Almora, Kumaon Division, 1858. [Mutiny Records, NWP, Jhansi the United Provinces (now Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Uttarakhand); he was a Sepoy in the Vol. No.52 (IX) (1858), MSAB] 4/19 Hyderabad Regiment of the British-Indian Army; shifted his Kunjun: Born in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; loyalty to the Indian National Army he joined the rebel forces during the in Malaya in 1942 on being released Uprising of 1857 and fought the from the Japanese prison and served British at several places under the in its 1st Guerilla Regiment; he died leadership of Khan Bahadur Khan fighting the British in Burma (the rebel leader of the Rohilkhand (Myanmar) in 1944. [INA Papers, region); he was captured by the F.Nos.403/INA, 498/INA (1945), British troops advancing on the 379/INA (1946); NAI; EBIFF, II; Rohilkhand, and executed by p.794] hanging in 1860 at Bareilly. [Mutiny Records, Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. Kunwarsingh: Belonged to Madhya (Judl Deptt.), NWP (1858-59), Pradesh; he joined hands with the UPSAL; WWIM, III, pp.68.69] rebels of his area during the Uprising of 1857 and fought the British forces; Kunwar Daleep Singh: Resident of the he was captured by the British in the Bundelkhand region, Madhya course of an engagement and Pradesh; he joined hands with the executed by hanging in 1858. [Mutiny rebels of his area during the Uprising Records, Poll Deptt, Vol. No. 50 (VII) of 1857 and fought the British forces (1858), MSAB; TFWI, II, p.94] in the Bundelkhand region; he was Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 397

Kura Singh: Resident of Thana Bhavan, and charged with ëplundering and Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western rebellion against the Britishí; he was Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he sentenced to death with confiscation participated in the Uprising of 1857 of property and executed by hanging and fought against the British on from a tree in 1860. [Mutiny Records, several occasions; he was caught by Allahabad Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; the advancing British troops and Poll Deptt, Vol. No.50 (VII) (1858), charged with ëplundering the MSAB] Government property and rebellion against the Britishí; he was sentenced Kureem Bux: Resident of Allygurh to imprisonment for life in 1858; he [Aligarh], the North-Western died in captivity in 1859. [Mutiny Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); he Records, Muzaffarnagar Mutiny joined the rebel forces of his region Basta, UPRAA; WWIM, III, p.78] during the Rising of 1857 and fought the British on several occasions in Kuramut Allee: Belonged to Aligarh; he was caught by the British Boolundshahur [Bulandshahar], the in the course of an engagement and North-Western Provinces (now Uttar hanged in 1857 on the charges of Pradesh); he joined the ëHindustani ëmurder and rebellion against the forcesí in fighting against the British Britishí; his property was also during the Rising of 1857; he also confiscated. [Mutiny Records, took part in plundering the British Aligarh Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll properties as a means of financially Deptt. Part-1, Vol. No. 44 (1858), supporting the rebels. He was MSAB] arrested by the British forces at the time of their re-capturing of Kureem: Resident of Agra, the North- Bulandshahar, and convicted of his Western Provinces (now Uttar ëbeing instigator in the rebellion Pradesh); Sheikh; s/o Fazul; he joined against the Britishí; he died in the rebel forces during the Uprising imprisonment in 1859 in Buland- of 1857 and went up to Bulandshahar shahar. [Mutiny Records, Abst. Proc. while fighting against the British; he (Judl Deptt.) NWP (1858-59), UPSAL] took part there in an attack on the British officers and their establish- Kureem Bux: Belonged to Allahabad, ments; caught by the British in the North-Western Provinces (now Uttar midst of an engagement, he was Pradesh); he participated in the hanged in 1858 on the charges of Uprising of 1857 and fought against ëmurder of the British officers and the British forces at various places in plundering the Government property the Allahabad area; he also during the rebellioní. [Mutiny supported the local people in their Records, Bulanadshahar Mutiny attacks on the British establishments; Basta, UPRAA] he was captured during the British offensive on the Allahabad region, Kureemoola: Belonged to Allahabad, the 398 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

North-Western Provinces (now Uttar and charged with ëmurder and Pradesh); Sheikh; he was a rebellion against the Britishí; he was Chaprassee [Chaprasi] under the sentenced to death with confiscation British, but left it to render his of property in 1859 and executed by services to the rebels fighting the hanging soon thereafter. [Mutiny British at the time of the Uprising of Records, Hamirpur Mutiny Basta, 1857; he also took part in plundering UPRAA; Poll Deptt, Vol. III, No.43D the British properties and supplying (1859), MSAB] the proceeds to the rebels for buying arms; he was caught by the British Kurngjeet: Hailed from v. Lakhua, troops at the time of their attacks on Etawah, the North-Western the Allahabad rebels, and charged Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); with ëhaving plundered the property Nayee [Nai]; he was a Sepoy in the and rebellion against the Britishí; he Permanent Armed Guards at the was sentenced to death in July 1857 Agra Central Prison; during his and executed by hanging. [Mutiny deputation at Bulandshahar on escort Records, PP, Further Paper No.1; duty,he left the British service in TIM, p.210] June 1857 to join the Uprising of 1857. Along with his other comrades, he Kureem-oolah: Belonged to Busharut- marched towards Delhi to take part gunj, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh; Pathan; in the rebelsí fighting against the he joined hands with the rebels of British; he died while confronting the his area during the Uprising of 1857 advancing British army in the Delhi and marched towards Delhi while region in September 1857. [Mutiny fighting against the British forces; he Records, Agra Mutiny Basta, returned to his region after the fall UPRAA; Mutiny Papers, Coll No. 57, of Delhi in September 1857, caught NAI] by the British after their re- occupation of this area, he was Kusal Singh: Resident of teh. hanged in 1858 on the charges of Thanaghazi, Alwar State (now distt. ëmurder and rebellion against the Alwar), the Rajputana Agency (now Britishí. [Mutiny Records, Jhansi Rajasthan); Thakur; took part in a Mutiny Basta, UPRAA; Poll Deptt, meeting of the kisan agitatorsí held Vol. I, No.43B (1859), MSAB] at Neemuchana on 14 May 1925 to demonstrate against the Maharajaís Kurmut Sheikh: Resident of Puthra, misgovernance and his land Humeerpoor [Hamirpur], the North- settlement policy of 1923-24. In this Western Provinces (now Uttar settlement the Biswedari rights of the Pradesh); he participated in the Rajputs were forfeited and the land Uprising of 1857 and fought against revenue had been increased by fifty the British forces in the Hamirpur per cent. Though all agriculturists region; he was caught during an were affected adversely by it, the engagement with the British troops, Rajputs suffered the most. Hearing Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 399

the news of this gathering of the kisan Uttar Pradesh); he participated in agitators, the Maharaja sent his State attacking and plundering the British Army to counter the rallyists at offices at the time of the Uprising of Neemuchana. The troops surroun- 1857; he was caught by the advancing ded the village, blocked all the exits British army in an engagement in the from it and opened fire on the Mathura region, and accused of protesters without any prior warning ëmurder and plundering the of dispersal. With many others, Kusal Government property during the Singh received fatal bullet wounds rebellioní; sentenced to death in 1858 in the indiscriminate firing and died with confiscation of his property, he on the spot. Simultaneously, the was executed by hanging soon village was also set on fire by the thereafter. [Mutiny Records, Mathura State troops. [Alwar Judl, F.No. 315- Mutiny, Basta, UPRAA] J/23 of 1925, RSAB; TR, 31 May, 14 June 1925; Newspapersí Cuttings, Kushmant Rai: Resident of Lucknow, the Basta No 29, F.No. 2, Riyasat, 13 Oudh [Awadh] Province (now Uttar November 1936, RSAB; PCJ Papers, Pradesh); he participated in fighting Acc. No. 706, F.Nos. 166, 191 (PA), the British forces during the Uprising NAI] of 1857, also incited others to raise their arms for overthrowing the Kushal Singh: Resident of v. Salfa, firangi-hukumat (British rule); he was Muzaffarnagar, the North-Western killed by the British army in the Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh); took course of an encounter at Bailley part in attacking and plundering the Guard, Lucknow, in November 1857. British establishments in his [Mutiny Records, Lucknow Mutiny neighbourhod during the Uprising of Basta, UPRAA; Mil. Abst. Proc. Oudh 1857; he was captured by the British (1858), UPSAL] in the course of an engagement in Muzaffarnagar, and executed by Kusru Gond: Resident of Madhya hanging in 1858 on the charges of Pradesh; he joined the rebels of his ëplundering and rebellion against the area during the Uprising of 1857 and Britishí; his property was also fought the British forces; he was confiscated later on. [Mutiny caught by the British in the course of Records, Abst. Proc. Judl. Deptt. an encounter and executed by NWP, Vol.74 (1858), UPSAL] hanging in 1857. [Mutiny Records, Poll Deptt, Vol. No. 52 (IX) (1858), Kushdeo: Belonged to Muttra [Mathura], MSAB] the North-Western Provinces (now 400 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K) Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, M. Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan and J&K (1857-1947) 401

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PRIMARY SOURCES

Official Papers (Archival Records): Alwar State Judicial Department, RSAB Banaras Conspiracy Case Proceedings/Judgment, 1914, NAI Crown Representative Records, NAI Delhi Conspiracy Case, Trial No.6 of 1914, Proceedings/Judgement, NAI. Foreign Political ñ Crown Proceedings (Consultation), NAI Foreign Political (Secret Consultation), NAI Home Department, Bikaner State, RSAB Home Department, J&KSA Home Department, Jodhpur State, RSAB Home Judicial, NAI Home Political (Fortnightly Reports), NAI Home Political, NAI Home Department; Indore, Gwalior & Bhopal, MPSAB Jubbulpore [Jabalpur] Division Records, MPSAB Lahore Conspiracy Case Judgment, 1930, NAI Lahore Conspiracy Case Proceedings, 1929-30, NAI Military Department, NAI Mutiny Papers, NAI, NAIB, Mutiny Records, 1857-60, UPSAL, UPRAA & MPSAB Parliamentary Papers ñ Regarding Mutiny Further Papers, NAI Political Department, MSAB Rajputana Agency Records, NAI

Non-Official Papers (Individual/Institutional): All India Statesí Peopleís Conference, NMM&L Indian National Army Papers, NAI 402 Dictionary of Martyrs: India’s Freedom Struggle (1857-1947) Vol. 2, Part I(A-K)

Phool Chand Jain Papers, NAI Prajamandal Papers, RSAB

Reports: Glancy Commission Report, J&KSA, Srinagar Report of the Bastar Dependency of the Raepore [Raipur] District Tottenham, R. Report on the Reorganization of the Central Government, Government of India.

Newspapers: Abhyudaya (Hindi Weekly), Allahabad, NMM&L Akhbar-e Gwalior, 1858-59, MPSAB Dehli Urdu Akhbar, 1857, NAI Jiyaji Pratap Paper, 1920-1947, MPSAB Naveen Rajasthan (Hindi Weekly), 1920-34, RSAB Pratap (Hindi Weekly), Kanpur, NMM&L Princely India (Weekly), 1926-27, RSAB Rajasthan (Hindi Weekly), 1922-24, RSAB Sadiqul Akhbar, 1857, NAI Tarun Rajasthan (Hindi Weekly), 1920-35, RSAB The Hindu 1931, NMM&L The Hindustan Times 1946, NMM&L The Sainik, 1922, RSAB The Times of India, 1946, NMM&L Tilism-i Lakhnau, 1857, NAI

SECONDARY SOURCES

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