lIltT XI1I-Cfi
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• 1 ~. m. ~i, l I "fm(lq SI'~,,,f.f1fi ~"T i ~ iiJOIllVfff' I 'It-11' srnt I 1981 cENsas-PUBLlCATION PLAN
(1981 Census Publi~Qtions, Series 11 in All India Series will be published in the following parts)
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PUBLICATIONS
Part I-A Ad ministration Repo rt- Enumera tion
Part I-B Administration Report-Tabulation
P-art n ...:A General Population Tables
Part U-B Primary Census Abstract
Part 111 General Economic Tables
Part IV Social and Cultural Tables
Part V Migration Tables
Part VI Fertility Tanles
Part VII Tables on Houses and Disabled Population
Part VIII Household Tables
Part IX Special Tables on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Part X-A Town Directory
Part X-B . Survey Reports on selected Towns
Part x-C Survey RepoFts on sele~ted Villages
Part XI Ethnographic Notes and special studies on Schedultd Castes and Sched uled Tribes
Part XTJ . Census Atlas
Paper 1 of 1982 Primary Census Abstract for Sched~lled Castes and,Scheduled Tribes
Paper 1 of 1984 HOllsehold Population by Religion of Head of Household
STATE GOVERNMENT PUBLlCATIONS
Part XIlI-A&B District Census Handbook for each of the 45 districts in the State. (Village and Town Directory and Primary Census Abstract) f~~~~ CONTENTS
'{GQ W&I1T Pages
1 SIt"'fi"''' Foreword i-iv 2 sr,",,",,,, Preface v-vi
3 fiil~ "" ;mfT District Map
4 q~tCl1!.qf." Important Statistics vii
5 fcr~QV(rt~ fC!'tq'1'T Analytical Note ix-xnviii
alfT~tI'T~l1Cfi fC'cqoit; ~,!~f"'ij' \ifTfij' ~T<:: ~~~f"{ij' Notes & Explanations; List of Scheduled ,;;r;:r~Tfu 'fir \I:"f1 ( «wTS"rr ) ~ fq~ll"'fi 1 9 76: Castes and Scheduled Tribes Order f::sr~T ~qlJ{;rT ~ftij''flT Q~r~l of." ;;"'~ Tahsil Maps 6 ~~ !IIi - VTq f",if~, Section I-VILLAGE DIRECTORY 1-336 (1) cruT'!!il1Tiij'T<:: «Tq1 'fiT ~:otr Alphabetical list of Villages (i) r,!<::r::sr;:;IT'~ Q{IDi>!' 3-15 (ii) rrTlT"~ ~ij'T\1 15-22 ( iii) ~q\q'rc;r (.'f~ij'1\1 22-29 ~ (iv) JT~'t ('f;rij')~ 29-33 (i) Raghurajnagar Tahsil 34-46 (jj) Nagod Tahsil 46-53 (iii) Amarpatan Tahsil 53-60 (iv) Maihar Tahsil 60-64 ( 2) Q,q f"imifiT if ~"'" f",q q.q "~r." iti Notes Explaining the IICodes" used 65-67 ~~ ~ fa'tQ'1'l in the Village Directory. ( 3 ) Q,q r"if'miT Village Directory 68-277 ( i ) ~'tT~ ff~~m Raghurajnagar Tahsil 68-155 (ii) ;rrfil{ ff~~T~ Nagod Tahsil 156-105 ( iii. ) ar~q'fG;; ff~~1t? Amarpatan Tahsil 206-251 (iv) ~{( ff~~ Maihar Tahsil 252-277 ( 4 ) qr"{f~ 1- ~h.tflJf'li I f:'tf ( S) qf'(~ 2- ;f"{-if'f~'nftrifiT if1T"{T (;;:rrr1TlJfifT Appendix 11- Land utilisation data 282 if'f"{) if ~flF ~q'lI'Tq ~.r~r Ilt!fi' in respect of Non MUnicipa·1 Towns (Census Towns) (6) qfd~,~ 3- ~TliT iiii' ~~qT<: ~:q1- ~, Appendix III- Tahsilwise list of 283-291 W!ffflJf'fi, f'iff'fi(ij'T I GT'fi if oT,(. Villages where no ~T:srT"{/~Tc if; f({if lI'T f~rrr it' Educational, Medical, rrTll, ~"'T~ a~T fGf:sr~1 ifii' Post & Telegraph, Day IlTlffij Cfii' ~fqQ"T~' ~q~;~ rr~l ~ or Days ofMarket/Hat, Communications and Power supply facilities are available (7) qf~~ 4- ~ ;;:rrr~lI'T it q'~~f:qa lSfrfalfT Appendix IV- Li,st of Villages 292-330 ~ci q'~~f=cra ;;:rrr - :srTfQ'lI't it' according to the ~uri' 7 'Ii ••- "q"{ f"if~' Section II-TOWN DIRECTORY 331-352 (1) rr1T"{ f.:rif~ifiT it ~qll'TtT f'fi1l tT1:t ' (3 ) fGl' (4) fcrq~-3 ;:r;r<:q'Tr~'fiT fq~ , 1978-79 Statement 111- Municipal Finance, 1978-79. 340-341 (') flll'llI''t171' -4 rrTqf~'fi 9;[1t q-rll ~f (8 ) fqq~lJf-6 cll"TtfH , crrPrr'SlJ' , :a-UTtT q'n: Statement VI- Trade, Commerce, oif1.fitT, I 9 71.) Industry and Banking,1979' 350-351 8 qf'(f",,~~-;:riJ<:llt GfTW'!f:ij eli.'t ~ Appendix-Towns showing their ~rcr :srrr~lill"r Outgrowths with population 352 ~'fT ~tTO If;Rq \if)~ ll~ ~ I i'ftT~ f"fif!lTlfiT it ~'li q~(;Cf'il:ui feC'1l1ff ~f q'{ ~ f\if~it fOff'!"", H& ~Tftfl1flft ~f;qfw'ij ~ Qf1:Cfffi'f ~'J.fr 11m! P 1 981 'liT \ifi'ftTOJ'fT ij 'q'u q'{ Cillf"cr;rij qf:;;rlTT ~ IRTf~;p lf~ STCfiTliTi'f ~f\ilT ~~lfi~ iIlT1: \ifrt'lfII(ifr ~ qCSif ~ ~~Cfij ~1~ ~ STl1.ii it \if) 'ifT Iff"(cr~'f f'li~ q~, \;~1 qf1:qffi'fT 9i'T . STlfm cpT ~ ~ I 1:T\ilf it ift'li9T''liT ij'Cfi~i'f ~T iii'. ~l. ,~ l!irlJf 91'T '9:;i Cf~if f'filfT ~ I ~~ ST9i'TQTif cpT l'.lT;srrrr I 1981 \ifrrtTlITi'f'T 'fiT STrtTfli'fi ~n:tw if; ~TtT ~~~f' 'r{ fr::~T 1ft. q~1;.'fl" 26 ri~, 1982 flller iti ql\~ FOREWORD The district census handbook (DCH), compiled by the census organisation on behalf of the State governments, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DCH is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers. It is inter-alia used for delimi tation of constituencies, formulation of local h:vel and regional plans and as an aid to District administration. The district census handbook is the only publication which provides Prim8lY Census Abstract (PCA) data upto village level for the rural areas and wardwise for each city or town. It also provides data on infrastructure and amenities in villages and towns etc. The district census handbook series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained important census tables and PCA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of tbe DCH was enlarged and it contained a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics, census tables, village and town directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCA and amenity data in respect of villages. However, in some states it ~as confined to district census tables and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing. While designing the format of 1981 DCH series some new features along with the restructuring of the formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time, comparability with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amenities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referfent village the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the format of the village directory and incorporating more exhaustive data on infrastructure aspect particularly in relation to amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further meet the need of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but, regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A few new items of information have also been introduced to meet some of the reqnirements of the Revised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of in formation as ad ult literacy centres, primary health sub·centres, and community health workers in the village have been introduced in the Village directory with this objective in mind. The new item On approach to the village is to have an idea about the villages in the district which are inaccessibJe. A new column, "total population and number of households" has been introduced to examine the correlation of the amenities with the population and number of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the villages where no amenities are available and according to the pruportion of scheduled castes and scheduled. tribes population, to the total population has also been made with this view in mind. The formats of the town directory have al~o been modified to meet the requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing information on a few new items. A new statement on civic and other amenities in slums in class-I and Class-II towns (Statement IV-A) has been introduced with this objective in mind. It is expected that this will belp the planners to chalk out programmes on provision of civic amenities for the improvement of slums. The columns on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population in statement IV relating to civic and other amenities and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities in statement V are alsO added inter-alia with this iV view. A significant addition is class of town in all the seven ~tatements of the town directory. The infrastructure of amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of lOWDS into consideration. The addition of the columns on civic administration status and population in a few statements also serves this purpose. The format of the primary censulO abstract for the villages and towns has been formulated in the light of, changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the individ ual slip of 1981 census. In order to avoid delay in pUblication of 1981 DCB series it has been so designed that Part-A of the volume contains village and town directory and Part-B the PCA of vilJages and towns including 'the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes PCA upto Tahsil/Town levels. At the beginning of the DCH a detlliled analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and n0n-census data in relation to the infrastructure has been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tahsil/police stationjC D Block etc. level maps depicting the boundaries and other important features have been inserted at appropriate places, to further enhance the value of the publication. This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Organisation. The data have been collected and compiled in the State under the direction of Shri K. C. Dubey, the Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh on behalf of the State Goverrunent which has borne the cost of printing. The task of planning, designing and coord ination of this publication was carried out by Shri N. G. Nag. Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) of my office. Dr.B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under. the guidance of Shri M. M. Dua, Senior Research Officer. I am thankful to all who have contributed in the project. P. PADMANABHA RE(HSTRAR GENERAL, INDIA New Delhi the 26th April, 1982. PREFACE One of the most important publications of the Census are the District Census Handbooks. This publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But prior to this, a similar publication was released in the Census earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistics and it contains only vjJlBge names and total popuJation thereof. The 1951 Census could, therefore, be said to represent a significant step in the process of making detailed Census statistics available down upto the village level. In fact the District Census Handbook is the most important publication at the Census and is also perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the only publication used at the micro-level down upto the tahsil and development block. The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable change since 1951. This is basically due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as with a view of making the basic statistics availa ble with the data users as early as possible the District Census Handbooks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the district and Town/Village Directory. This volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Census statistics available at one place. Part-B contains the Primary Census Abstract. One of the innovation of the present Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location code system WbS such that the villages of a Patwari Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since the Patwari Circle still remains an important administrative unit the location code numbers have been so given in the present Ct'nsus that it may be possible to locate all the viIIages of a particular Patwari Circle at one place one below the other. When the planning for the present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were still revivable as an important unit of the administration, the wbole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally received for making blockwise data available. Since these requests were received very late and were also received only in an informal manner, it has not been possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location code numbers taking tahsil as one unit. However, additional ex.ercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicated. Tt is hoped that the availability of these blockwise data will enhance the utility of this publication. It is hoped that this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive and developmental administration. It is need Jess to state tbat the proper implementation of policy depends on the ability of the administration authorities concerned. It may be remembered that the villagewise area figures given in the Primary Census Abstract and the Village Directory are those based on the village papers while the tahsil totals given in peA are obtained from the Land Records department which in many cases exclude forest area. vi The statistics that are contained in the district census handbooks are the result of a massive and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of voluminous statistics. The compilation of the statistics contained in this volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabuhtion Offices each under a RegionaJ Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run with the help of pureJy temporary staff-roughly about] ,500 Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to my colleagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accu'racy in the editing and basic compilation of more than nearly 522 lakb slips and nearly 1 lath of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken up at the headquarters and I am equallv grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole beartedly on the job in a coUee tive and co-operative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. Tbe maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic Section of my office. However. the analytical note bas been prepared by Sbri M. G. Mohril. Assistant Director of Census Operations. I am thankful to aU who have contributed to bring this publication possible. The census organisation is also grateful to the Government of Madhya Pradesh for having been so kind as to undertake the publication of these handbooks and to the Contr911ec. Printing and Stationery, Madbya Pradesh. Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements made. Tbe inspiration behind this ambitious venture is that of our indefatigable Registrar General, Shri P. Padmanabha to whom we are all deepl)' grateful. Our thanks are also due to Shri N. G. Nag. Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) for all the help that we received from him and his section. K. C. DUBEY Director of Census Operations. Madbya Prad esh. Bhopal Janmasbtami, 31 Aug. 1983. vii IMPORT ANT STATISTICS MADHY A PRADESH SaID:! District Population Total Persons 52,178,8-14 1,153,387 Males 26,886,305 595,753 Females 25,292,539 557,634 Rural Persons 41,592,385 966,650 Males 21,266,321 494,982 Female$ 20,326,064 471,668 Urban Persons 10,586,459 186,757 Males 5,619,984 100,771 Females 4,966,475 85,9 66 Decennial Population Growth Rate 1971-81 25.27 +26.26 Area (Sq. Kms.) 443,446.0 7,502.0 Density of popul ation (Per Sq. Km.) 11.8 154 Sex-ratio (Number of Females per 1,000 males) 941 936 Literacy rate Person' 27.87 26.84 Males 39.49 39.55 Females 15.53 t 3.26 Percentage of urban population to total POPulation 20.29 16. U Percentage to total population ( i ) Main Workers Persons 38.41 .37.93 Males 53.52 51.62 Females 22.35 23Al ( ii ) Marginal Workers Persons 4.52 3.79 Males 0.96 1. 34 Females 8.30 6.40 (iii) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 58.23 Males 45.52 47.04 Females 69.35 70.U Break-up of Main workers (percentage among main workers) ( j ) Cultivators Persons 51.96 4'0.9] Mdles 53.81 ·44.82 Females 47.28 31.77 '(ii) Agricultural Labourers Persons 24.24 32.13 Males 17.81 24.1~ Females 40.61 :50.85 (iii ) Household Industry Persons 3.52 7.22 Males 3.36 6.52 Females 3.93 8.85 (iv) Othcr workers Persons 20.28 19.72 Males 25.02 24.41 Females 8.18 -8.53 Percentage of Scheduled Castes Persons 14.10 16.40 population to total population Males 14.16 16.25 Females 14.04 16.57 Percentage of Scheduled Tribes Persons 22.97 13.67 popul alion to total population Males 22.33 13.56 Females 23.66 13.79 Number of occupied residential hOllses 8,929,190 193.741 Number of Vi Ilages Total 76,603 2,080 Inhabited 71,42'9* 1,765+ Uninhabited 5,174 ** 315++ Number of Towns 327 9 * Includes 77 inhabited villages which have been treated wholly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town. ** Includes 58 uninhabited villages of which Abadi Area have been merged in nearby City/Town. + Includes 1 inhabited village which has b·~~d treated wholly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town. ++ Includes 12 Uninhabited villages of which Abdi Area have be~n merged in nearby City/Town. , , 81 00 , I! MADHYA PRADESH I!' DISTRICT SATNA IS' 0< o 4! ~5~ ./ ~ I ..J ~~, ~ -. ",I'" . '. \ .. Q. 10 \" \) .' " .- I tt REFERENCE \" I IS BOUNDARY, STATE ...... I! Vl " DISTRICT...... TAHSIL .. , , WEADCUARTERS: DISTRICT, TAHSil NATIONAL HIGHWAY ...... NH 1 STATE HIGHWAY...... Sfjt CLASS II,HI,IV,V .. """" .. . POST AND TELEGRAPH OfFICE ...... " ...... •••• DEGREE COLLEGE & TECHNICAL'INSTITUTION. REST HDUSE ... JABALPUR DI 5TRI CT 30' 15' 30' (() ~OVT, OF INOI. COPYRIGHT, ,.n. f~~i1qOff~'fi fc!tq,ft ANALYTICAL NOTE NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS This note gives the meanings and explanation could be ensured and which would provide basis of terms and concepts used in this handbook. This for analysing of figures and urbanisation in the is necessary because, ..... ithout a proper grasp of the country. But it has to be remembered that the meanings of such simple concepts as building,bouse. urban criterion of 1961 and 1971 censuses is that household, workers etc•• it is not possible to appre the males working in activities such as fishing; ciate the data presented in the handbook. Thus logging, etc. Were treated as engaged in non-agri.. one who does not know that an unpretentious'hut cultural activity and therefore contributed to the in the thick of Dastar forelts with unplastered bam 75% criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses, whereas boo walls and a thatch roof and with apace hard ly in the 1981 census these activities are treated as on enough for two cots is not a bit less of a building par with cultivation and agricultural labour for the than the Indian versions ofthe sky scrapers in one purpose of this criterion. of the metropolitan cities, or that a central jail household as the household of the most pious and Applying the criteria described above, a list of god-fearing citizen in the State. may not be able 327 towns was finalised and it is these 327 town. to appreciate what exactly the figures represent. which are treated as urban areas for the purpose of 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Govt. Concepts and DeftnitioDs of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern Rural/Urban: ments as back as 10th May, 1979, requesting them It has been the tradition of the Ind ian Census to ensure that no changes are made in jurisd iction to present the census data for rural and urba? areas and boundaries of municipalities and revenue separately. In fact, in all the Censuses through villages, tahsils, sub·divisions and districts durio& out the world this classification of census data into the period from 1-1-1980 to 30-6-1981. However, rural and urban units is generally recognized. How subsequent to our finalization of rural and urban ever. dist inction between rural and urban is not yet frame the State Government in the Local Govern amenable to a single definition which would be ment Department notifit'd many places as notified applicable to all countries. areas and municipalities. Such places have not been treated as towns for the pu rpose of census and the secretary to Government in the Local Govern The definition of an urban unit at the 1971 ment Department bad agreed to this arrangements. Cen:;us was as follows - Similarly, the State Governmentraised the status of (a) All places with a municipality, corporation (i municipal committees to that of municipal corpo cantonment board or notified town area; rations. These new municipal corporations are also treated as municipal committees. (b) All (lther places which satisfied the follow ing criteria. While dealing with the subject of rural and urban (0 ,A minimum population or 5,00::1 ; break up men 1 ion may be made of the area under (ii) At least 75 per cent of male working the Special Area Development Authority. The population engaged in non-agricultural Special Area Development Authority have been pursuits; and constituted under the Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha (iii) A density of population of at least Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the 400 per sq, km. (1,000 per sq. miles). power to function as a municipality so far as the muniCipal management of that area is concerned. The same criteria is retained at the 1981 census The limits of these Special Areas include large por so that comparability with the previous census tions of rural areas comprising number of villa2es xii situated around the core town or village of such (i) it should have a core town of a minimum Special area. For example. Orchha is a SADA popUlation of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas area in Tikamgarh district but there is no town in made up of other urban as well as rural administra this area. Similarly. Malanjkhand in Balaghat tive units should have mutual socio-economic links district, Bheraghat in Jabalpur district, Mandav in with the core town and (iii) in a11 probability this Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but there is no urban area within that. The two or three decades. Certain Standard Urban objective of the SADA areas perhaps is to control Areas were determined on this basis in 197 and the future development of these areas in a planned some basic data were presented for 1951, 1961 and manner and that is all. It was, therefore, not con 1971 for such areas and their components. Similar sidered desirable to treat such SADA areas at par data have been presented for the Standard Urban with other urban bodies like municipal corpora Areas in 1981 also. The idea is to present basic tions, municipal committees etc., and only that part data for those areas for f.our to five decades so that of it is treated as urban which is really so. As such the urbanisation process in these areas can be in the Korba SADA area only Korba town has been studied. However, there have been minimum changes treated as urban and rest of the area remains in the in the constituent units of the Standard Urban fl1ral frame. Areas of 1981 Census as compared to those of 1971. but the list of SUA remained unchanged. Urban Agglomeration: Size Class of Towns : Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of The urban areas are classified into 6 classes urban agglomeration is also adopted for the 1981 referred to as towns of Class I to VI. The classi census. Very often large railway colonies, university fication is shown below- caropuses, port areas, military camps etc., come up oUUide the statutory limits of the city or town but Class I towns 100,000 and above adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves Class II towns 50,000 to 9~,999 qualify to be treated as towns but if they form a Class III towns 20,000 to 49,999 I contiguous spread with the tOWD, they are out Class IV towns 10,000 to 19,999 growths of the town and deserve to be treated as Class V towns 5,000 to 9,999 urban. Such towns together with their ou tgrowths Class VI towns Less than 5.000 have been treated as one urban unit and called 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agglomeration It is customary to treat a town having a popu lation of I lac and above as a city. may constitute :- (a) A city with continuous outgrowth, (the Census House: part of outgrowth being outside the statu A Census House is a buildJng or part of a build tory limits but falling within the bound aries of the adjoining village or villages); ing having a separate main e\litrance from the road or common courtyard Or staircase, etc., used Or (b) One town with similar outgrowth or two recognIsed, as a separate umt.,. \ lb't may e occuple d or more adjoining towns with their out or vacant. It may be used for a residential or non growths as in (a) ; residential purpose Of both. (c) A city and one or more adjoining towns If a building had a number of Oats or blocks with their outgrowths all of which fo'rm a which were independant of one another having continuous spread. separate entrances of their own from the road Or a common staircase or a common courtyard leading Standard Urban Area: to a main gate, they have been considered as separate census houses. A.. new concept of Standard Urban Area intro duced in ]971 census will also be followed for the In some cases, however, it was difficult to 1981 Census. The essential req~dremeDts for the apply the definition strictly. For example, in an constitution of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a flat has five rooms ,each having direct xiii entrance to the C9mmOn staircase ar courtyard Scbeduled Castes and Scbeduled Tribes which by definition had to be treated as five census houses. If all thej;e five rooms were found Scbeduled Castes and Seheduled Tribes are occupied by single household entire fiat was treated those (ound in the Notification of Sched uled Castes/ as one census house. In such cases singleness of Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 use was taken into consideration to avoid undue (lOS of 1976). By this amendment, area restrictions proliferation of the number of census houses. for most of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been removed. However, the area An occupied residential census house means a restriction still remains in respect of Dhobi (in census house which is actually used for residential Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts): Kotwa} and .purposes, either wholly or partly by one or more Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar Dewas, Guna, Gwalior, households. Indore, Jbabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, Morena, Raigarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Ujjain and Household: Vidisha Districts) and Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, The term household in census is d elined as a Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shabdol, Sidhi and group of persons wbo commonly live togetber and Tikamgarh districts) Scheduled Castes. Likewise would take their meals froro a common kitchen Keeor and Pardhi Scheduled Tribes are still restrict unless the exigencies of work prevented anyone of ed only in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts; them from doing so. There may be a household of Mina in Sironj sub-division of Vidisha district; persons related by blood or a household of un Panika in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna. related persons or having a mix of both. Examples ShahdoJ, Sidhi, and Tikamgarh districts; PaJdbi. of unrelated household s are boarding houses, roes Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardhi, sess, hostels, residential hotels, rescue homes, jails, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia in (I) "Ashrams" etc., These are called institutional Bastar, Chhindwara. Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and households. There may be one member households Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat two member households or multi - member district, (3) Betul and Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul households. For census purposes, each one of these district, (4) BiJaspur and Katghora tabsils of Bilas types is regarded as a 'household'. pur district, (5) Durg and Balod tabsils of Durg district, (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue There are three types of bouseholds viz, normal, Inspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7' institutional and houseless households. A house1ess Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalpur household is that which is normally found to be district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsils of residing on the road side, pavements, in hume pipes Hoshangabad and Narsimhpur district, (9) Har under staircases, or in open, temple, mandaps, sud tahsil of Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawa~ platforms and the like. Institutional households garh I Dhamtari and Mahasamund tahsils of Raip ur have been explained above. Those households which district. do not fall in the category of institutional househoid and houseless household have been categorised as Persons belonging to the castes/tribes mention normal households, The enumerator waS required ed a hove found in the districts otber than those to indicate in the Household Schedule whether the where Scheduled have not been treated as schedul household belonged to 'Institutional household' or ed castes Or scheduled tribes as the case may be. 'Houseless household'. For institutional'!' was lt may be mentioned here that scheduled castes can written against the question 'Type of hvusehold' belong to the Hindu or the Sikh religion only, and '0' was indicated in the case of houseless while the scheduled tribes belong to any religion. household. For normal household, no entry was The list of Scheduled Castes and Schedukd Tribes required to be made. relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to 1981 census The enumeration of institutional households has been given il1lmediately after this note as was done in tbe manner the normal households were Anne"ure-l. enumerated during the enumeration period from Literates and Educated Persons: 9th February to 28th February, 1981. The house less households were enumerated on the night of A person who can both read and write with 28th February, 1981. understanding in ~ny language is treated as literate. xiV A person who can merely read but cannot write, is Censuses, the economic questions were based on nof literate. It is not necessary that a person different approaches, namely, usual status and who is literate should have received any formal current status, were adopted with refetence period education or should have passed any minimum of one year and one week for seasonal and for educational standard. regular work, respectively. Current status approach was thought to be irrelevant in the Context of our The test for literacy was necessary only when country where usual status of a worker is consider the enumerator had any. doubt about any person ed to be more appropriate. returning as 'literate'. The test for literacy Was ability to read any portion of the Enumerator's The above questions are in three parts and Instruction Booklet and to write a simple letter. have been designed in such a way that first of all Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider it attempts to divide the population into two broad ed adequate to qualify a person as being able to groups viz., write with understanding, If a person claimed to be literate in some other language with which the (I) those who have worked any time at aU enumerator was not familiar, the respondent's word during the last y('ar, (2) those who have Dot work ed at all. was taken as correct. All children of the age of 4 yt:ars or less were The latter group consist of the non-workers. treated as illiterate even if they might be going to Tbis information is obtained in Q. 14-A. Having schoo I and had picked up read ing and writing a classified the population into two groups, the next few words. attempt has been to classify those who have worked any time into Main workers and Marginal workers, Classification of workers by Industrial Category: on the basis of time spent on work as well as secondary work, if any, of the Main workers. if At the 198\ Census, the questions which were a person had worked for six months or more (180 canvassed in the Ind ividual slip to elicit informa days or more) he was treated as Main worker and tion on economic characteristics of the population and if the period of work was less than six months were as follows:- he was regarded as a Marginal worker. In Q, ISB details of secondary work or margipal work are (i) Q. 14A Worked any time at aU last Year? obtained. Finally an attempt has been made to Yes determine whether those who are non-workers or (HjST jDjRjBjlfO) No. marginal workers are seeking or are available for work. Q. 14B If yes in 14A, did you work for major part of last year? Yes(l);No (2) It will thus be seen that these questions on economic aspects have been so designed as to ji Q. lSA Main activity last year? id entify all Wor kers, full time workers or seasonal Yes in 14B (C/ALjHHl/0W) workers or marginal workers and non-workers with No in 14B (H/ST/D/R/B/I10) reference to the activities during the last one year period prior to the date of enumeration. Q. ISB Yes-Any other work any time last year? 15U Q~B No-Work done any time last year? The variolls terms and definitions used in collecting the economic data have been explained Yes (C/AL/HHl/OW)/No briefly in the following paragraphs. C/AL/HHI/OW Definition of work: iii Q. 16-1f No in 14A or 14B, seeking/available for work? Yes (I)/No (2). Work has been defined as participation in any economically productive activity. Such participa. The above questions were formulated after tion may be physical or mental in nature. Wor.k detailed d isclIssion at the Data User 's ~onference involves not only actual work but also effective and tecbnical group. At the 1961 and 1971 supervisIon and direction of work. xv For persons on reguJar employment or en!8&ed dependents, retired persons or rentiers, beggars, in regular type of work, temporary absence during inmates of institutions, unemployed persons ets;. the reference period on account of illness, holiday, They are perSOllS who have not worked any time at temporary closure, .trike etc., was no t a dis a11 in the year preceding the enumeration. qualification for treating them as workers. Main activity of workers : Persons under training, such as apprentices, with or without stipends or wages were also treated The main activity of workers has been classified as workers. In the case of a person who bl!-d been into four categories viz., cultivator, agricultural offered work but had not actually joined, he was labourer, household industry and other work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners PCA at tbe 1981 census. A significant departure etc., were not treated as economically ,active unless has, therefore, been made while presenting the they also engaged themselves in some economic data on economic activity which relate to only four activity. broad categories indicated above as against nine ind ustrial categories of the 1961 and the 1971 In all these questions, the referen~e period is censuses. The nine categories of the }971 census the one year; preceding the date of enumeration. were-{i) Cultivator, (ii) Agricultural labourer, Certain types of work such as agriculture, house (iii) Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting and hold industry like gUT making etc •• carried o~ either Plantations, Orchards and allied activities, (iv) throughout the year or only during certain seasons Mining, (v) Manufacturing, Processing and servic or part of the year, depending on the local circum ing with sub-categories-(a) At Household Industry stance. In all such Cases the reference period has and (b) Other than Household Industry, (vi) Con , been the broad time span of the agricultural sea struction. (vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) Trans sons preceeding the enumeration. port, Storage and Communications. and (ix) Other Main Workers: services. The conespondence between the cate gories of 1981 and 1971 are as under- The main workers are those who have worked for a major part of the year preceding the enume 198 I Category 1971 Category ration. Main activity was reckone(I in terms of time disposition. For example, if a person had I worked as daily wage labourer for 4 months, as an II II agricultural labourer for 1 month and as cultivator III V(a) for 2 months, be was treated as a Main worker on IV 11I,IV,V(b),VI,VLI,VHI & IX the basis of total time spent on work and his main activity have been reckoned as Daily Wage Labourer Cultivator: since he spent major part of his time on work in this activity than as cultivator or agricultural For purposes of census a person is working as labourer. cultivator if he or sbe is engaged either as employer. single worker or family worker in cultivation of Marginal Workers: land owned or held from Govel'11ment Or held from \ . Marginal workers are those who have worked private persons or institutions for payment III 'any time at all in the year preceeding the enumera money, kind or share. tion but have not worked for a maior part of the Cui tivation involves ploughing, sowing and year. For example, if a person who is mostly harvesting and production of cereals and millet doing household duties, or is mainly a student, or crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi, a rentier or a 0< ggar a nel the like who is basically etc., and other crops such as sugarcane,groundnuts a non-worker hali done some work at some time tanioca, etc. and puLses, raw jute and kindered dUrIng the reference period, he was treated as a fibre crop. cotton etc., and 'does Dot' mciucie fruit marginal worker. growing, vegetable growing or k.:eping orchards or groves or working of plantation like .t~a, coffee, Non-Workers: rubber, cinchona, opium and other medlcmal plan Non-workers constitute of housebolders, students, tations. XVi Agricultural Labourer: processing, servlcmg, repamDg or making and selling (but not merely selling) of goods such as Persons working in a nother person's land for handloom weaving, dyeing, carpentry, bidi rolling, wages in money, kind or share have been treated as pottery manufacture, bicycle repairing, blacksmith agricultural labourers. An agricultural labourer has no risk in the cultivation and he has no right of ing, tailoring etc. It does not include professions such as a pleader or doctor or barber or 'dhobi' lease or contract on land on which he works. even if such professions are run at home by mem bers of the household. Household Industry: Household Industry is defined as an industry Other workers: conducted by the head of the household himself! herself and or by the members of the households at home or within the village in rural areas and only All workers, i.e. those who have been engaged within the precincts of the house where the house in some economic activjty during the last one year, bold lives in urban areas. The larger proportion who are not cuJtivators or agriculturaJ labourers of workers in a household industry should consist or in household industry are 'other workers'. The of members of the household including the head. type of worl~ers that come under this category The industry should not be run on the scale of include factory workers, plantation workers, registered factory which would qualify and has to trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, con be registered under the Indian Factories Act. struction, political or social work, all government servants. municipal employees, teachers, priests, Household Industry relates to production, entertainment artists etc. xvii ANNEXURE I MADRY A PRADESH [ The Scheduled Castes and Sched u)ed Tribes Orders (Amendment) Act, 1976] Dated the 18th September, 1976 Scheduled Castes 1 Audhelia. 35 Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, 2 Bagri, Bagdi. Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts) 3 Bahna, Bahana. . 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. 4 Balahi, Balai. 37 Mang, Mang Oarodi, Mang Garudi, Dankbni 5 Bancbada. Mang, Mang Mabasi, Madari, Garudi, Radhe 6 Barabar, Basod. Mang. 7 Bargunda. 38 Meghwal. 8 Basor. Burud, Bansor, Bansodi, Bansphor, 39 Moghia. Basar. 40 Muskhan. 9 Bedia. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sapera, Navdigar, Kubutar. 10 Beldar, Sunkar. 42 Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guaa, Gwa 11 Bhangi, Mehtar, Balmik, Lalbegi, Dharkar. lior. Indore, Jhabua, Khargone. Mandsaur, IZ Bhanumati. Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam. Shajapuf, Sbivpuri 13 Chadar. Ujjain and Vidisha Districts). 14 Chamar, Chamari, Bairwa, BhaOlbi, Jatav, 43 Pasi, Mochi, Regar, Nona, Rohidas, Ramnami, 44 Rujjhar. Satnami, Surjyabanshi, Surjyaramnami, Ahir 45 Sansi, Sansia, war, Cbamar Mangan. Raidas. 46 SHawat. 15 Chidar. 47 Zamra't 16 Chikwa, Chikvi. 17 Chi tar . Scheduled Tribes 18 Dahait, Dahayul, Dabat. 19 Dewar. I Agariya. 2 Andh. 20 Dhanuk. 21 Dhed, Dher. 3 Baiga. 22 Dhobi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore dis- 4 Bhaina. tricts) • 5 Bharia Bhumia, Bhiunhar Bhumia, Bhumiya. 23 Dohor. Bharia, PaIiha, Pando. 24 Dom. Dumar, Dome, D(i)mar, Doris. 6 Bhattra. 25 Ganda, Gaudi. 7 BhiI, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia. 26 Ghasi, Ghasia. 8 Bhil Mina. 27 Holiya. 9 Bhunjia. 28 Kanjar. 10 Biar, Biyar. 29 Katia, Patharia. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. ]2 Birhul, Birhor. 31 Koli. KorL 13 Damor, Damaria. 32 Kotwal (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar. Gwalior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone,Mandsaur 15 Gadaba, Gadba. Morena, Rajgharh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shiv. 16 Gond: Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi puri, Ujjain, and Vidisha districts). Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera, Mirdha. Koilabhuta. Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn 34 Kuchbandhia. Maria. Chota Maria, Danoami Maria. Dhuru, xviii Dhurwa, Dhoba, Dbulia, DorIa, Gaiki, Gatta '·35 Oraon, Dhanka. Dhangad. Gatti; Gaita, Gond Gowari, Hill Maria, Kan 36 Panika (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna. Rewa, dra, Kalanga, Khatola, Koitar, Koya, Khirwar Khirwara, Kurha Maria, Kuchaki Maria . Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarb districts.) ..Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar, Moghya, 37 Pao. Mogia, MOllghya. Mudia. Muria. Nagarchi, 38 Pard han, Pathari. Saroti. Nagwanshi, Ojha, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, Thotya. Wade Maria, Vade Maria, 39 Pardhi (in Bhopal,Raisen and Sehore districts) Daroi. 40 Pardhi, Bahelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardhi, Lan- 17 Halba, Halbi. goJi Pardhi, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari. Takankar 18 Kamar., Takia [in (I) Bastar. Cbhindwara, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar 19 Karku. tahsil of Bal!Jghat district. (3) Betul and 20 Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tan- Bhainsdebi tahsils of Betul district, (4) Bilaspur war, Chattri and Katghora tahsils of Bilaspur district, 21 Keer (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg and Balod tahsiIs of Durg district, 22 Khairwar. Kondar. (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohla Revenue I nspectors' Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7) 2.3 Kharia. Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalpur 24 Kondh, Khond, Kandh. district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur 25 Kol. tahsils of Hoshanghbad district and Narsimha 26 Kolam. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsil of Khandwa 27 Korku. Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nahul, Bondbi district, (lO)Bindra-Nawagarh, Dhamtari and Bondeya. Mahasamund tahsiIs of Raipur district. 28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 Parja. 29 Majhi. 42 Sahariya, Sahuria, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor. 30 Majhwar. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 31 Mawasi. 32 Mina (in Sironj sub-d jvision of Vid isba disttict) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 45 Sawar, Suwara. 34 Nagesia, Nagasia. 46 Sonr. Xix HISTORY AND SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK The History of the District Census Handbook Thus the present series of District Census Hand could be traced from the 'Village lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz., DCRB Part A for every district in 1901 and 'village statistics' for an.d DCHB Part B. Part A contains the village/Town every district 1911. But this was discontinued DIrectory and Part B contains the TownjViIlagewise in 1921 and 1931. In 1941, however 'village statis Primary Census Abstract of the concerned district. t1cs' were brought out by then Central Provinces and Berar Government. It was for the first time in Part A-Village Directory contains information 1951 the practice of bringing out a single volume about the name of village, total area of village, known as the District Census Handbook. giving total p'cpulation and number of households in the villagewise statistics and other census tables for village, amenities like education, medical, drinking the district at the cost of the State Government wa~er, post and telegraphs, market day. communi was initiated and is continuing since then. catIOns. approach to village, distance from the nearest town, power supply, staple food, land use, The District Census Handbook, compiled by places of religious, historiGal and archaeological the Census Organisation On behalf of the State interest etc. Government is one of the most important publica In addition there are four appendices to the tions of the censor, and is widely used by planners. Village Directory as under- administrators. acad emicians and researchers. (I) Tahsilwise abstract of educational, medical and other amenities. The scope of the District Census Handbook bas gone considerable change since 1951. In 1951 (2) Land utilization data in respect of census the District Census Handbook contained only the towns. Primary Census Abstract and the Census tables. (3) Tahsilwise list of villages where no ameni In view of the usefulness of this publication. ties are available, and improvements were made in 1961 by including non (4) Tahsilwise list of villages according to the census data I ike climate, agriculture, co-operation proportion of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled industry, education, health etc., as also an 'Intro Tribes population by ranges. ductory N0te' for each district. Unfortunately, the desire to make the district census handbook more The last two appendices have been included for comprehensive delayed its publicatlOn. fherefore. the first time in 1981 ceusus. Appendix HI will be in 1971. it was decided to publish the district cen helpful for planning input in areas/villages where sus hand book in three parts in order to release the basic infrastructure is lacking anp Appendix IV will maximum data as and when finalised. Part A con be helpful for planning welfare programmes for tained the Village Directory wblch gives villagewise Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at micro level, non-census statistics of land use, area and amenities particularly in relation to area development available within the village. Part B contained the orientation programmes. villag~wise PfllUury Census Ahstract and Part C Similarly the Town Directory contains seven contained various administrative statistics. Part A statements as below- and B ",ere, however, published in one volume since Statement I-Status and growth history. it was economical to do so as data for both the parts b.:came available early. Parts A and B Were Statement II-Physical aspects and location of towns. pu blished separately in Hindi and Englif>h versions. Collection of data for Part C was cumbursome and Statement III-Municipal Finance. it took unduly long time in its finalisation, and Statement IV-Civic and other amenities ultimately this publicatIOn had to be abondoJlt:d in Statement IVA-Civic and other AmcTlitits in view of the enormous delay in its f,rinting. Notified Slums .. Statement V-Medical, educational, recreatio In 1981 census, with a view to avoid delay in nal and cultural facilities. bringu:g L Ut of DCH sc:ries, the part containing Statement VI-Trade, Commerce & Industry and the administrative statistics has been dropped. Banking. xx An additional statement IV-A is meant only industrial categori~s viz., culth'ators, agricultural for Class-I and Class-II towns giving the civic and labourers, household industry and other workers. other amenities in notified slums. This statement marginal workers and non-workers. has been introduced for the first time in 1981 census. The inclusion of Primary Census Abstract relating to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Part B-Tho town/villagewise Primary Census Tribes at the tahsil/town level is another impor Abstract gives the basic data like area of the village, tant feature ofthe DCHB series of 1981 census. , occupied residential houses, total number of house holds, population by sex, as also the sexwise popu An appendix containing Development Block lation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Trilies, wise-'Vikas Kbandwar' totals of PCA figures has literacy and popUlation by sex into four broad also been included. ANALYTICAL NOTE Satna district is situated between 23°.58 than Damoh <7,306 sq. kms), Vidisha (7,371 sq. kms), and 25°.12' north latitudes and 80·.21' and 81°.23' Panna (7,1:5 sq. kms), and Dewas (7,020 sq. kms), east longitudes. The district takes it name from Amongst the districts of the division, it is 1.2 times Satna, the headquarters town, which in turn takes bigger tban the Rewa and almost half of SbahdoI it from Satna river, a tributory of Tons which flows district. Sidhi district is 1.4 thimes bigger than the near the town. In the north the district boundary SUna district. Satna ranks third in respect of area marches with that of Banda district of Uttar Pradesh. among the districts of the Rewa division, first and It is bounded by Rewa district and a very small second being Shahdol and Sidlli districfs, respecti- portion of Sidhi district in the east. The entire vely. . western boundary of the district is made by Panna As regard s population the district has 11 ,53.387 district. While southern boundary abuts 00 the Murwara tahsil of Jabalpur district in tbe west, and persons, and ranks 18th among the districts of the Bandhogarh and Beohari tahsils of Shahdol district state constituting 2.21 per cent of the state's 'popula in the east. tion. Ujjain, East Nimar and Balaghat districts has population comparable with that of Satna district. Administratively the district is formed by follr Among the districts of the Rewa' division Satna tahsils:- Raghurajnagar tahsil in the north (formed district ranks third in popUlation as in case of area. out of part of Raghurajoagar tahsil of erstwhile Shahdol and Rewa districts rank first and second north Rewa district of erstwhile Rewa state and respectively. The fourth district of the division-Sidhi sanad states of Sohawal, Barondha, Paldeo, Pahra, has only 990, 467 population. Raipur the biggest district in the state is 2.6 times larger than the Satna Kamata Rajaula) Nagod tahsil (former Nagod district while it is more than 3.6 times bigger than and Jaso states) in the west, ~1aihar tahsil the smallest district, Datia. (consisting of erstwhile Maihar state) in the south west and Amarratan tahsil (consisting of major Pbysical Features part of Raghurajnagar tahsil of North Rewa district of erstwhile Rewa state and of sanad state of Kothi) The district lies on the Vindhyan pla in the south- east. teau with an average altitude of 1000 to 1100. Several hi11s rises from this plateau belonging The district has 7,502 sq. km of area and cons to the vindhyan system. The southern portion of titute 1.69 per cent of the state's area and ranks 27th Nagod tahsil is a hilly country consisting of tangled among the districts of the state. The average area of mass of low hills enclosing considerable streches a distri::t in the state works out to 2'22 ptr cent. In of level g·round. The general height of the hills is other words the average area per district in the states 1700 to 1800 I but some of the bills occasionally rise comes to 9,854.35 sq. kms. The district falls short by to more than 800' in the southern portion of the 2,352 sq. kms of the average area of the district in tahsil. the state. The general slope of the countly in the tahsil is towards east. The Kaimur ridge, rises sudd eoly about The district is 3.6 times bigger than the Datia twelve kilometers north of Son river in Amarpatan district, the smallest di~trict of the state whereas it tahsil. A line of hiJls run along the north bank of has about 1/5 of the area of the biggest district-Bastar the river, which gets split into various separate hills in the state. The district is s1iihtly bigSer in area in the east of Amarpatan tahsi I. In the extreme south- xxii cast of the tahsil there are three more or less parallel Bay of Bengal through the Ganga. Most of the rivers such hills. The main scarp rises to more than 2000 I flow towards the east With an inclination towards at many points. North of Ramnagar an isolated small north. Tons the principal river of the district, , rises hill rises to 2,354. Rest of the area of the tahsil is an in the Kaimur hills in Maihar tahsil. Its source called alluvial plain drained by Behar river. the Tamasa Kund is 2,0001 above sea level on Kaimur hills. It follows the general north easterly course Sandstones of Bhander series concealed by traversing the rough hilly country around Maihar, alluvium are found in south-western part of Maihar fertil~ country of Amarpatan and Raghurajnagar tahsil. Kaimur ridge runs through the broader tahsiis and then enters the Rewa district. Simrawal eastern portion of the Maihar tahsil divid ing the another affluent of Tons flows south of Kothi in Mahanadi basin from that of Tons. Raghurajnagar tahsil tili it joins Tons neal" village Atarhar. The Son river to the south of the Kaimur The southern portion of the Raghurajnagar does not actually flow in 't~e district but makes the tahsil consists of alluvial plain watered by tons and the southern . boundary of Amarpatan tahsil with its tributories, Satna and Simarawal. A small hill with Beohari tahsil of Sliabdol district. north. sou th strike in the southern portion of the tahsil encloses the narrow plateau. In the north of History the tahsil the country is hilly. The Panna hills cross the narrowest portion of the tahsil in the west-east The early rulers of Baghelkhand arc believed direction and separate the valley of the Paisuni from to be the Haihaya, Kalchuri or Chedi clan. They had the plateau to the south-further north is the vindbya acquired the fort of Kalinjar and with this as base, ehal range running from west to east almost parallel they extended their dominions over Baghelkband. The to the panna hills, through the former sanad states Kalchuries received their first blow at the hands of of Bara und ha, Pathar kachhar and the Chau be jagirs. Chandel chief Yashoverma who seiz.ed the (ort of Between these two parallel ranges the country consists Kalinjar and the tract surrounding it. The Kalchuris of a plateau interspered by hills. were still a powerful tribe and continued to hold most of their possessions until the 12 th century. The chief In the north of the vindhyachal range lies the of Rewah were Baghel Rajputs descended from the narrow strip of plain country. solanki clan which ruled over Gujarat from the tenth The Kaimurs, the Panna hills. and the vindhya~ .~. to .the thirteenth century. About the .middle, of chal ranges of the vindhya system together with their thirteenth c~ntury Vya.ghra Deo made hJs way IUt:O s onstitute the principal bill system of the northern India and obtained the fort of Marpha. HIS spur C . K I " f 11 .. district. The Kaimur range enters Maihar tahsil at son Karandeo roamed a a chun prmcess 0 ~vtandla villa e Jhukehi and runs through the entire length of and received in dowry the f;:lrt of Bandhoga~h which Mai:ar and Amarpatan tahsils in an easterly direc- until destrtlctian jn 1597 was the Baghel capital. Until · Th Pa na hills enter northern portion of th 15 th Century the Baghels of Bandhogarh were t Ion. e n e. d" . d d . . R h' . . engaged III exten tng theIr possessIons an escape dlstflct and traverse the ag uraJnagar tahslllD a . t' D Ih' 1 Th B h I K· ... .. the attention 0 e I ru ers. e ag e lUg west-east dIrectIOn. Th.e vI.nd hyac.hal range .IS In the RaJll~handra was a contemporary of Akbar. Tansen, extreme north of the dlstnct cuttlUg across 10 a west- the great musician, was in the court of Ramchandra east direction. and from there he was summoned by Akbar to his court. Accession of Vikramaditya to the throne of Satna the important tributory of Tons rises from Bandhogarh gave rise to the disturbances Akbar the Panna hills and nows east as long as in Nagod intervened and captured and dismantled the Bandho tahsil. It is joined by Amran river near village Kath garh fort in 1597 after a seize of eight months. It is kone in Nagod tah~il anj then flows towards south after this the Rewa town started gaining importance. making the boundary of Raghurajnagar and Nag:ld During the time of Raja Jaisingh a treaty was signed tahsils till It meet Tons river a few miles to the with the British and acknowleQged the protection of soutb east of Satna town. Tons, Son, and Paisuni are British Government and agreed to arbitration of all the important rivers of the district draining into the disputes with neighbouring chiefs. At the time of xxiii uprising of 1857 Maharaja Raghurajsingh helped the the domination of Ali Babadur of Banda and after British in quelling the uprising in neighbouring wards, the Kothi Chiefs maintained their independe Mandla and Jabalpur districts and in Nagod which is nce. The British granted sanad in 1810 to Rais Lal now part of Satna district. For tbis the king was Duniyapati Singh. rewarded by restoration of Sohagpur and Amal'kantak parganas which were seized by the Marathas in the Sohawal was small sanad state. Its founder begining of the century. Most of the Raghurajnagar Fateh Singh was one of the two sons of Maharaja and entire A,marpatan tahsil of the present Satna Arnar Singh of Rewa. On the rise of Panna under district were part of the Rewa state prior to the Chhatrasal, Sohawal became a tributary but retained formation ofVindhya Pradesh. its independ ence. Later on Jagatrai, and Hirdeshah, sons of Chhatrasal actually seized much of its territory. The chiefs of Nagod were Parihar Rajputs. In On the establishment of British supremacy in ninetee'l, the seventh century they drove out the Gabarwar nth century, Sohawal was first held to be subordinate rulers and established themselves in the country to Panna. The state was merged in Raghurajnagar between Mohaba and Mau. They were repulsed eas·· tahsil in 1958. ward by Chandels. In 1478 Raja Bhoja obtained Unchahara and made it the capital which remained During the Bundela supremacy Baraundha or so until 1720 when the capital was moved to Nagod Patharkachhar appears to have been held on a sanad by Raja Chainsingh. Later on the parihars lost all from Hirdeshah of Panna. On the accession of their territories to the Baghels and Bundelas. When British to paramount power Raja Mohansingh was the British became paramount after the treaty of recognised and confirmed in territory by a sanad Bassein was held to be a tributory to Panna and was granted in 1807. included in the sanad granted to that state in 1807. Tbe holders of the fiv~ petty sanad states were The Chiefs ofMaihar state claimed descent from jijhotia Brahmins and bore the applelJation of chaube. Kachwaha Rajput clan. Thakur Bhim Singh later Their aptitude for military serv~ce' brought them to entered til e service of Cbhatrasal of Panna. Hi') notice and they rose to high rank und er Raja Chhal: granclson Beni Singh became Minister to Raja Hindu. rasalof Panna. The jagir now form par t of Ragbu. pat, who granted him the territory which now forms raj nagar tahsil. most of the Maihar tahsil. Originally it has been a part of Rewa. Beni Singh constructed many tanks and Rainfall & climate and numerous buildings. He was killed in 1788. His son Rajd har was conquered by Ali Bahad Hr of Banda The district receives its rainfall from the who, however restored the state to Durjan Singh, a Arabian mansoons. June to September are the months younger son of Beni Singh. when most of the rainfall of the district is received. Maximum rainfall is received in the months of luly On his death in 1826 the state was divided bet and August. The average rainfall for the district is ween bis two sons, Bishan Singh, the elder, succeeding 1,137.1 m.m. to Mathar, while Pragdas, the younger obtained Bijai Raghogarh (now in Murwara tahsil of Jabalpur The seasons are clearly demarcated in the dist district). rict. The hot season extends roughly from middle of Kothi now a part of Raghurajnagar tahsil of February to middle of June: rainy season from middle of June to September and winter from November to Satna district was small sanad state of about 169 square miles. The state was formerly ruled by chiefs middle of February. October witnesses the transition of Bhar tribe but Jagat Rai Singh Baghel drove out from rainy to cold season. January and December are the original Bhar chief and founded the lagir. On the the coldest months of the year. May and June are establishment of British supremacy Kothi WaS beld to the hottst months in the year. Temparature rises he subordinate to Pallna. Thereafter, however, during 42·C to 45°C during the season. xx.-iv Flora and fauna ------.--- 1 2 3 Forests of the district are mixed type mostly ------~------~-----~ spread over Kaimur and Panna plateau. The forest 4 Umraho··Mathurian of Satna district is divided into four ranges with 5 Nandantola headquarters at Satna. These are Satna, Majhgawan 6 Suwa Nagod and Maihar. Teak is found in Satna and Nagod Rampor-BagheJan range. Sal is uncommon in the forests of Satna dist 1 Bagha Vide notification rict, Bamboo occures in almost all the forest ranges. 2 Itrna no. 13~/18/12/79 Saja (Terminalia tomentosa), Salai (BosweIlia 3 Jhunsi dated 25-1-1979 serrata), Tendu (Diospyros tomentosa) and Khair. 4 Rampur-BagheJan (Acacia catechu) are the common trees that occur in S Nemuwcn the district. 6 Sagauni 7 Kardhi Fauna-~Common animals found in the district are tiger, panthar, Sambhar, Chital and wild bear. Jaitwara Villaaes and population 1 Jhari 2 Koniya There arc 2,067 viJIages in the district of which 3 Galba! 1,764 are inhabited and 303 uninhabited. Among the 4 Persadia tahsils the largest percentage of inhabited villa 5 Dehut ges is in Raghurajnagar tahsil. It contains 6 Amilpur 41.2 per cent inhabited viIJags of the district. 7 Chilla Nagod with 24.3 per cent inhabited villages 8 Jaitwara ranks second followed by Amarpatan and Maihar 9 Bhitari Bagbelan with 21.3 and 13.1 per cent, respectively. Incidentally 10 Bhitari Sombansi the largest percentage of uninhabited villages is also 11 Bora Tola in Raghurajnagar tahsil. The district has an area of 12 Jaitwara 7,502 sq. kms. The average area per inhabited village thus works out to 4.25 sq. kms. There were 2,114 Madhogarb villages in tbt: district in 1971 census. In 1981 Census 1 Karpalpur Vide notification the total number of villages is 2,067. Thus there bas 2 Madbogarh No.750/18/2/79 been a decrease of 47 viJIagcs in 1981 census. The 3 Bairiha Dated 21-6-1979. reasons for the decrease is due to declaration of new 4 Katiya towns and merger of one viUage in Satna Town, and two each in Nagod and Unchahara towns. Details of Birsioghpur the villages now constituting the towns and merged 1 Birsinghpur Vide notification villages are as below :-- 2 Masmasi Khera No. 21/18/2/78 :3 Masmasi Jamunhai dated 5-1-1979. ------4 Bambnet Name of Name of constituant Remarks 5 Padariyan town village 6 Padariya 7 Mau ------1 2 3 8 Garlaga ------.- 9 Majbiyar Amarpatan 10 Anjhi 1 Amarpatall Vide notification 11 Samapura 2 Lalpur no.404/18/2 dated 12 Persaunja Kburd 3 Umraho-Bihari Ram 1-8-1976. 13 Mahura nv Besides tbis two villages of 1971 census bearing The district has a population of 1,153,387 persons location code numbers 117 & 118 have besn merged of which 966,650 constitutes the rural population and in Nagod notified area conunittee. vide Govt. notifi· th~ remaining 186,737 is urban, of the total popula cation No. 684{XVIII/~/I/72 Dt. 261an. 73. Two tion of 1,153,387 the male population is 595,753 villages of Nagod tahsil bearing 1971 location Code and female population is 557, 634. There are 1764 numbers 482 and 483 have been merged with Uncha· inhabited villages in the district. Thus the average hara town vide notification No. 732jXVIIIjifi£':jl population per village works out to 554 persons. Dist dated 26-1-7~. One village with 1971 L. C, No. 691 was already merged in Satna Municipal town hence ri bution of villages and population in the district has not been included in the General Village register is as below !- of 1981 census, --_------_._---...... _-..._--_-----_------~---___,- District/Tahsil No. of villages Toral Persons Males Females \ inhabi ted) Rural Lrban ------_-----,...____ -_-----_---,.------_._-----,.,.--._- 1 2 3 4 5 6 ------__.-----..-_..,,-~------~------.___ ------:.....__-- Satna District 1,764 T 1,153.337 595,753 557, 634 R 966,650 494,982 471,668 U 186,737 100,771 85,966 Raghurajnagar Tahsil 727 T 531,841 277,876 253,965 R 399,628 :05,749 193,879 U 132,2! 3 72,127 60,086 Nagod Tahsil 430 T 225,863 116,458 109,405 R 203,053 104,418 98,635 U 22,8to 12,040 10,770 Amarpat an Tahs; 1 376 T 216,960 109,4i9 107,541 R 205,507 103,426 102,081 U 11,453 5,993 5,460 Maihar Tahsi I 231 T 178,723 92,000 86,723 R 158,462 8],389 77,073 U 20,261 10,611 9,650 ------The d istri bution of population over the .tahsils persons. per sq. koos, which is higber than the state is uneven. More than two fifth of the population 0f figure of 118. Tahsilwise, Amarpatan is the most of the distict is concentrated in Raghurajnagar tahsil. densely populated tahsil in the district. Maihar (159) About 46 per cent popUlation of the district is in and RaghuTajnagar respectively second and third in Raghurajnagar tahsil. Nagod the second biggest tahsil rank have comparable population density and are contains roughly 115 of the district population, In nearer the district average of 154. Nagod tahsil has terms of prcentage it has 19.59 per cent of district the lowest density (124) in the district. The lowest population. Amarpatan with 18.81 per cent and po pula tion density in the Nagod may be attributed Maihar with )5.45 per cent population rank third and to its extensive forest and comparatively poorer fourth in order of population. soils. Considering rural areas alone Satna district has Density 132 persons per sq. km. and the rankins of tahsils The above description gives only a broad indi as per rural density the picture remains the same, as cation of the relative populousness of each tahsil. it is in total density. Amarpatan with 168 persons Population density i.e. the number of persons per sq. per sq. km. rarks on top followed by Maihar. kms. giv~s the clearer picture. The density of popu Raghurajnagar and Nagod with 142, 129, and J13 lation in the district an a whole works out to 154 persons per ~q. km. in rural areas, respectively. xxvi The different kinds of ameniti~s available in the villages of the district are shown in the inset table below:- TABLE 1 Distribution of Villages According to the Availability of Different Amenities ------_------~.-- No. (with percentage) of villages having one or more of the followjng amenities (~ ______...A. ______~ ____--. Sl. Name of Tahsil No. of Educa- Medical Drinking Post and Marketl Communi- Approach Power No. inhabited tion water Telegraph Hat cations by pucca supply vi llages road -~------_._------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ]0 11 ------_..----.--,-~-- ..,.,. Raghurajnagar 727 411 38 727 90 5 30 131 ~-. (56.53) (5.23) (100.00) (12.38) (0.69) (4.13) (18.02) (30.40) 2 Nagod 430 214 22 430 42 4 58 147 174 (49.77) (5. 12) (100.00) (9.77) (0.93) (13.49) (34.19) (40.47) 3 376 236 18 376 45 1 74 165 87 (62.77) (4.79) (-100.00) (11. 97) (0.27) (19.68) (43.88) (23.14) 4 M:dhar 231 169 13 231 27 6 18 82 84 (73.16) (5.63) (100.00) (11.69 ) (2.60) (7.79) (35.50) (36.36) ------~------Total District ],764 1,030 91 1,764 204 16 180 525 566 (58.39) (5.16) (100.00) (11.56) (091) (10.20) (29.76) (32.09) ------_ ------,,--_....-_------....--._------ There are 1,764 inhabited villages in the district. coverage is power supply. Out of 1,764 villages in the These are unevenly distributed in the four tahsils of dj~trict 566 or 32.09 per cent villages are covered by the district. The northern tahsil, Ra~burajnagar shares this amenity. The district seems to have made rapid the largest number of villages amongst the tuhsBs. progress in the field or electrification. The district 41.22 per cent (727) villages of the district are in gets its pOwer supply from the Amarkantak Thermal Raghurajnagar tahsil followed by Nagod tahsil which Station in Shahdol district.This has accelerated the contains 24.37 per cent (430) villages of the district. pace of electrification in the district particularly in Amarpatan with 21.31 per cent (376) villages of the rural areas. Approach by pucca road follow power district ranks third whereas Maihar tahsil with only supply in terms of percentage coverage. 29.76 per 13.09 per cent (231) viJ1ages comes last. cent villages (525) are connected by pucca road. N. H. 7 and S. H. 6 and 11 passes through Satna Drinking water amenity is available in all the district. All the tahsil headquartns are conneottd villages of the district. Next important amenity after by fair weather road. drinking water comes education. Out of 1,704 inha bited villages in the district 1,030 (58.39) per cent. Post and telegraph facility is avilable in 204 villages have some kind of educational amenityavail villages of the district which accounts for 11.56 able in them. Next amenity in order of percentage per cent of the total inhabited villages in the distrK:t. xxvii Incidentally the first post office in Satna town was have market/hat amenity. Highest percentage of established in the year 1875 and since then the pestal villages having market/hat amenity is in Maihar facilities in the district seems to have made steady tahsil. 37.5 per cent of the villages baving market headway. Communication amenity is available inlO.20 and hat facility in the district are located in the per cent (180) villages of the district. Medical amenity Maihar tahsil alone. 2.60 per cent villages of Maihar is available in only 91 villages of the diltri~t which tahsil have market/hat facility. Amarpatan has only comes to meagre 5.16 per cent villages of the total one village having market/hat amenity. Raghuraj villages of the district. Market/Hat amenity is availa nagar and Nagod tahsils have 5 and 4 villages, respe ble in only 16 (0.91) villages of the district. It is ctively having this amenity. rather curious that market/hat amenity which is very crucial for the village eco'nomy is available in Amarpatan tahsil has highest number of villages very unsingnificant percentage of villages. Tahsilwise among the tahsils of the district having communi the position of different amenities is more or less of cation amenity available in them. 19.68 per cent the same pattern. Raghurajnagar which is the biggest villages of the tahsil out of 376 villages have this ame tahsil in terms of n umber of villages and also in popu nity available. Next in terms of percentages comes lation has 56.53 per cent (411) villages where some the Nagod tahsil where D.49 p~r cent villages of the kind of educational amenity is available. Maibar, tahsil have communication amenity. Maibar tahsil the smallest tahsil in respect of number of villages with 7.. 79 per cent of its villages having communica and population content has the highest percentage tion amenity ranks third among the tahsils of the d ist ofvilJages (73.16per cent) having educational amen rict. Raghurajnagar the biggest tahsil in the district ties available. AmaFpatan follow Maihar tahsil with bas the lowest percentage of villages having communi 62.77 per cent villages having educational amenity. cation amenity in the district. Nagod tahsil with 214 viJIages having educational 43.88 per cent villages (165) of Amarpatan amenity comes last in terms of percentage coverage. tahsil have approach by pucca road while Maihar Maihar tahsil ranks first in Medical amenity with 5.63 tahsil with 35.50 of its villages having tbis amenity per cent of its villages having this amenity. Raghu follow next. Nagod tahsil with 34.19 per cent of its rajnagar with 5.23 per cent (38) villages comes next. villages bav,ng approach by pucca road amenity comes N agod tahsil wi th 5.12 per cent (22) villages having medical amenity ranks third while Amarpatan tahsil next. Raghurajnagar tahsil with only 18.02 per cent with 4.79 per cent of villages (18)ranks last. ft would o[ its villages having approach by pucca road ~om es be apparent from the inset table above that medical last. facility in the villages of the district is very meagre and much emphasis is required to be given to improve Nagod tahsil has highest percentage of villages having power supply. 40.47 per cent villages (174) of the public health of the rural masses. the 430 villages in the tahsil have power supply. Maihar tahsil with 36.36 per cent of its villages (84) Highest number of villages (90) in Raghuraj having power supply comes next. Raghurajnagar nagar tahsil have Post & Tekgraph facility. It comes. tahsil with 30.40 per cent villages (211) havin~ power to 12.38 per cent of the total ntlmber of villages in supply ranks third among the tahsils of the district the tahsil. Amarpatan tahsil with 11.97 per cent and Amarpatan with 13.14 of its villages (87) having villages (45) of the tahsil have post and telegraph power supply facility stands fourth in the district. amenity. Maihar tahsil With 11.69 per cent villages having this amenity follow Amarpatan tahsil. Nagod It would thus be Seen tbat Raghurajnagar tahsil tahsil lacks in post and telegraph facility with only ranks first in Post & Telegraph, second in Medical, 42 villages out of 430 villages of the tahsil having third in power supply, educatipn and market/hat and this amenity. Market/hat is rural phenomena and it fourth in communication and approach by pucca road. is very surprising tha t only 16 vHlages in the Nagod tahsil ranks first in power supply, second in district have this amenity available. Even all big market/hat, communication, third in medical. appro villages having 2,000-4.999 population do not have ach by pucca road, and fourth in education and post market amenity. Only 14 29 per cent big villages & telegraph. xxviii Amarpatan tahsil ranks first in communication. tion; medical & market/hat, second in approach by approach by pncca road, second in Post & Telegraph pucca road & power supply and third in post and & education, third and fourth in Medical, market/hat telegraph and communications. Ranking of tahsils and power supply. Maihar tahsil ranks first in Educa- by different amenities is sbown in tM table below:-· ----,--..------. ------"_------Amenity Rank of TahsiJs by different amenities ".-_____ .______-_-_- __A- __--"- ______~_- _____- ..... R:lghurajnagar Nagod Amarpatan Maihar _, ...... __ .. _... ------_._-_.--.------_.-_------_._----- 2 3 .4 5 ------_-.. _ ._ ------_._------,--_------Education 3 4 2 t I'v1edical 2 3 4 1 Post & Telegraph 1 4 2 3 MarkerlHat 3 2 4 1 Communica t ion 4 2 1 3 Approach by pueca road 4 3 1 2 Power supply 3 1 4 2 ~-~------...... ------_..._ ------It would be seen from above tbat Raghurajnagar ranking third in area and number of vilJages and ranks first in post & telegraph, Nagod in power second in population ranks first in communication and supply, Amarpatan in communications and appro~ch approach by pucca road. It would thus be seen that by pucca road while Maihar tahsil in education. there is no corelation between population, area and the medical and market & hat. Maibar tahsil though number of villages with that of amenities available. smallest in area, number of villages and popUlation Larger tahsils like Raghurajnagar and Nagod stand ranks first in education, medical and market/hat. On lower in the ranking in basic amenities like ed ucation the contrary Raghurajllagar tahsil though biggest tahsil medical, approach by pucca road and communica in area. number of vi!lages and population ranks first tions. in post and telegraph amenity. Nagod tahsil second in area and number of villages and third in population Proportion of rural 'population served hy diffe- ranks first in in power supply while Amarpatan tabsil rent amenities is shown in the table below:- TABLE 2 Proportion of Rural Population Served by Different Amenities ------_._------~---- .. --...... ------Sl. Name of Total Popu- Proportion of rural popUlation served by the amenity of No. Tahsil lation of ,-~-----' .-~- --~...A..-----~--_- _____--.. inhabited Education Medical Drinking Post & Market/ Communi- Approach Power villages in water Telegraph Hat cations by puc;;a supply (he tahsil roa.1 ~ -;------.,._ ------~-- --.-----~..__-. ------.------~------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 ._.. -- ._. ------~----,------~-.------~ ---- 1 Raghumjnagar 399,6:!& 34R,630 72,232 399,628 136,752 11, 847 35,805 128.442 2(5,666 87.24 18.07 100,00 34.22 2,9b 8.9h 32. ] 4 53.97 .., ~ Nagod 203,'153 169,924 38,549 203,053 66,347 13,953 69,966 105,759 113,690 ll).68 18.98 100 00 32.67 6.87 34.46 52.08 55.99 3 Amarpat:ln 205,507 185,373 38,230 205,507 62.199 222 63,371 102,7':}6 87,313 90.20 18.60 ]00.00 30.27 0.11 30.84 50.02 42.49 4 Maihar 158,462 144,842 2) ,859 158,462 36,084 13,051 19,692 71,089 80,991 91.40 13.79 100.00 22.77 8.24 12.43 44.86 51.11. ",_- ...... _------.,..--~------.-- 1rotal I>istrict 966,650 848,169 170,870 966,650 301, 382 39.073 188,834 408,086 497,660 (87.81) 07.68) (100.00) (31.18) (4.04) (19.53) (42.22) (51. 48) --_ ._------_------~~---- -~------xxix It would be seen from the above table that 87.81 As regards post & telegraph, 34.22 per cent rural per cent rural population inhabiting in 58,39 per cent popUlation of Raghurajnagar tahsil is served by this villages of the district is served by education amenity amenity which is the hjghe~t percentage in the dist. 51.48 per cent population of the district is served by rict. Nagod with 32.67 per cent follow Raghurajnagar. power supply whereas 42.22 per cent rural population Amarpatan and Maihar tahsils have percentage cove· enjoys the facility of approach by pucca road. Next rage of rural population 30.27 and 22.77 respectively. important amenity in popUlation coverage is post There are only 16 vil1ages in the district which are and telegraph. 31.18 per cent of the district rural having market/hat am€nity. Of these 6 villages are population avail the post and telegraph facility. in Maihar tahsil which .incidentally has the highest Commun icat io n amenity is a vail able to 19.53 per cent population of the district. Only 17.68 per cent rural percentage of rural population served by this amenity. population of the district avail medical amenity. It Nagod tahsil with 6.87 per cent rural population is really a matter of great concern that more than 80 Comes next. 2.96 per cent rural population of Raghu per cent of, rural population of the district is not rajnagar tahsil ranks next. Amarpatan with only 0.11 served by medical amenity. Medical amenity is a per cent coverage of rural' population ranks last. primary need of the masses and more attention is Nagod tahsil with 34.46 per cent of its population required to be paid to fulfill this basic need of th e covered by communication amenity ranks first while rural population. Only 4 04 per cent rural popula Amarpatan with· 30.84 per cent coverage of rural tion of the district is served by market/hat amenity, popUlation comes next.12.43 per cent rUfal popUlation ofMaihar tahsil is served by communication amenity. Out of 1764 inhabited villages in the district only 16 Raghurajnagar tahsil with only 8.96 per cent of its villa.ges have the marketfhat faciJit~ available in them. rural population comes last in resPect of communi Most of the rural economy depends on the availability cation amenity. 52.09 per cent rural population or of market/hat facH ity in the village. In the absence Nagod tahsil is served by approach by pucca road of this facility the rural population has to trek the whereas Amarpatan tahsil has 50.\.i2 per cent of its long distances for selling their produce and also to rural populatioo enjoy this facility. 1vlaihar tahsil procure the goods of their day to day requirements, with 44.86 per cent of its popUlation coverage ranks which adversely affect their economy. Tahsilwise third in this amenity. Raghurajnagar with 32.14 per the position is more or less in confirmity with the cent of its population served by approach by pucca district. Maihar tahsil with 91.40 per cent of its road ranks last in the tahsils of the district. population served by educational amenity ranks first in the district closely followed by Amarpatan tahsil Highest percentage of rural population in res with 90.20 per cent of its population served by this pect of power supply is covered by Nagod tahsil. 40.47 per cent of rural population of Nagod tahsil amenity. Raghurajnagar with 87.24 per cent populat ion served by this amenity ranks third whereas Nagod avail the facility of power supply. Maihar tahsil tahsil with 83.68 per cent comes last in ranking of with 36.36 comes next. Percentage coverage of popu tahsils by percentage coverage. Higher percentage lation in Raghurajnagar tahsil comes to 30.40 per coverage of rural population in respect of medical cent, in Amarpatan tahsil it is 23.14 per cent. Amar amenity is in Nagod tahsil (18.98), Amarpatan (18.60) patan has lowest percentage coverage among the tah Raghurajnagar (18.01> and Maihar (13.79) follow in sils of the district. Distribution of villages not tbat Older. having certain amenities arranged by distance ranges from the places where they are available are shown in the inset table below :- TABLE 3 Distribution of villages not having certain amenities arranged by distance ranges from the places where these are available ------_------.-~------Sl. Vi Ilag~ not having the Number of villagc;s .where the amenity is not available and available at distance of No. amenity of r------,.A;.. ______-_. . ~ ~5 Kms. 5-10 Kms. 10+Kms Total (Col. 3-5) ------...:...------_ ----_._------2 3 4 5 6 ------_._------ Education 695 3 734 2 Medical 824 576 273 1,673 13 Drinking Water 4 Post and Tekgraph j.242 259 59 J .560 5 Market/Hat 450 546 752 1,748 6 Communications 963 395 226 l,5S4 _.------ It would be seen that out of 734 villages not market/hat facility at a distance of 10 kms and above having education amenity in the district 54.6 per cent whereas 31 per cent villages have this amenity in the villages have this amenity at ::t distance Jess than 5 distance: range 5-10 kms. 26 per cent villages have kms. and 4.9 per cent villages have this amenity avai this amenity available withm 5 kms. Communication lable at a distance range 5-1 0 km~. Very nel;ligible amenity is available to the 60.80 per c~nt villages not percentage of villages have education amenity availa having this amenity at a distance of Jess than 5 kms ble beyond 10 kms. Out of 1673 villages in the district while 24.83 per cent villages have this amenity not having medical amenity 49.25 per cent villages available at a distance SolO kms. 14. 27 per cent· avail this amenity at a distance less then 5 kms villages have this amenity available at 10 kms. It whereas 34.45 per cent villages have this amenity at a distance range 5-!0 kms. 16.30 per cent villages would thus be seen that except market/bat other have this amenity available at a distance of }O+ kms. amenities are available either at a distance of less About 80 per cent of trle villages in the district nOt than 5 kms or between 5-10 kms away from the village having post and telegraph amenity have this amenilY for larger number of villages. Very few villages have to available at a distance ofless than 5 kms. While about cover more than 10 km distance w avail these ameni 17 per cent villages have this amenity avaiJable at ties. Among the tahsils villages not baving amenity 5-10 kms. away. Only 3 per cc-nt villages have this larger number of villages are situated in Raghurajna ameni ty available beyond 10 kms from the villages. gar tahsil followed by Nagod tahsil. Amarpatan and Lllrger number of villa&fs, i. e., 43 per cent avail the Maihar tabsils follow in tha~ order. Distribution of villages according to the distance from nearest town and availability of different ameni. ties is shown in the inset table below;- TABLE 4 Distribution of villages ~ccording to tbe distance from the nearost town and availability of different amenities .... ----_... _------..,------.-- Distance range No. of inhabited No. (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of froril the near villages in r------"------. est town (in each range Educa- Medical Drinking Post and Marketl Commu· Approach Power kms.) tion water Telegraph Hat nications by pucca road supply ------1 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 10 ------_------.-----_._----_._-----_-- 0-5 233 134 5 233 13 1 22 82 94 (57.51) (2.15) (lOO.OO) (5.58) (0.43) (9.44) (35.19) (40.34) 6-15 690 430 38 690 93 3 70 194 276 (62.32) (5.51) (100.00) (13.48) (0.43) (10.14) .(28.12) (40.00) 16-50 734 414 44 734 87 12 76 219 190 (56.40) (5.99) (100.00) (11.85) (1.63) (10.35) (29.84) (25.87) 107 52 4 107 11 12 30 , (48.60) (3.74) (100.00) (10.28) (11.21) (28.04) (5.61) Unspecified ------~--... ------ 1,030 91 1,764 204 16 180 525 Total .1 1,764 566 (58.39) (5.16) (100.00) (11.56) (0.91) (10.20) (29.76) (32.09) ___~-_-_-w----.------______ It would be seen from the above table that 13.20 kms. Out of 1,030 villages having educational amenity per cent inhabited villages of the district are located in the district 41.75 per cent villages fall in the dist: at a distance of 0-5 kms from the nearest town while ance range 6-15. Another 40.19 per cent viIJages 39. 11 per cent villages of the district are in the having educational amenity of any kind are located distance range 6-15 kms from the nearest town. 41. 61 in the distance range 16-50 lans from the nearest per cent villages of the district lie 16-50 kms away town. Thus it would be seen that about 82 per cent from the nearest town and 6.66 per cent villages villages having any kind of educational amenity fall are in the distance range 51 + from the nearest town. within 6-50 kms from the nearest town. or the remai ning 18 per cent villages haVing any kind of educa Highest percentage of villages having educatio tional amenity 13 per cent villages are situated 0-5 nal amenity faB in the distance rarige .6.15 kmsfrom kms away from the nearest town while only 5 per cent the nearest town followed by distance range 16-50 village are in the distance range beyond 50 kms. xuii Medical amenity is poor in the district. Out of Approach by pucca road is available· in 525 1674 inhabited villages in the district only 91 villages viHages of the district. Thus only 29.76 per cent villa have this amenity. Of these91 villages having medical ges of the district are served by this amenity. Those ame.aitiy in them 44 villages (48. 35 per cent) fall in .having approach by pucca road are mostly situated at the distance range 16. 50 kms from the nearest town a distance of 6- 50 kms from nearest town. 41. 71 per while 38 villages (41. 75 per cent) are situated in the cent villages having approach by pucca road are at a distance range 6·15 kms which constitute 5.8 and 5.5 distance of 16-50 kms and 36. 95 per cent villages are per cent of the total villages in the respective distance situated at 6-15 kms from nearest town. Only 15.62 ranges. per cent villages are situated at a distance of 0-5 kms whereas 5.71 per cent villages fall in the dilitance Like llled ical amenity post and telegraph range 51+kms from nearest town. 32.08 per cent amenity is also available in the villages located far villages of the district have power supply facility away fro;"l} the nearest town. Of the 204 villages hav available with them and they are situated at the vari ing post and telegraph amenity bulk of them (88. 23 ous dIstance ranges from 0 to 51 and above per cent) are in distance ran'!es 6-50 kms. 5. 39 the kms. 48.76 per cent of these villages are located at per cent villages are situated above 50 kms from the distance range 6·15 kms While 33. 56 per cent villages nearest town while 6. 32 per cent villages are in the are 16.50 kms away from the nearest tOWn. 17.90 per distance range 0-5 kms. cent viJIages having power supply are located at the Market/hat facility if very meagre in the district. distance range 0-5 kms. Only 1. 14 per cent (6 villages) Out of 1764 inhabited villages in the district only 16 are situated beyond 51+ kms from the nearest town. It villages have market amenity in them. Of these 12 may be observed that most of villages having certain villages (75 per cent) are located at a distance range amenities are located between distance ranges 6-15 16-50 kms from the nearest town. and 16-50 kms from the nearest town. Very few villa ges having certain amenities are located at a distance Communications facility is available in only of 0-5 and 51+kms. Bulk of the villages (1,424) lie in 10.20 per cent villages of the district. 42. 22 per cent the distance ranges 6-5') kms. which constitute about villages having communication amenity fall in the 81 per cent of the total villages in the district. Similar distance range 16-50 kms and 38.88 per cent villages picture emerges in the tahsils of the district. are situated in the distance range 6-15 kms from nearest town. Only 6. 66 per cent villages lie in the Distribution of villages according to population distance range 51+kms while 12.22 per cent vilbg~s arc located in the distance range 0-5 kms from the range and am~nitie5 available is shown in the inset nearest town. table below:- TABLE 5 Distribution of villages according to the distance range from the nearest town aDd availability of differellt amenities ------_._--_._ ------.----_ Distance range No.of inhabited No. (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of from the near- villages in r------_;..__----.-.. ------~ est town (in each range Educational Medical Drinking Post and Market/ Communi- Approach Power kilometres) water Telegraph Hat cations by' pucca suppJy road ---;-0------______,_ -.. ______o __._ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ----_.------_--_-----:- _.------ -499 1,081 371 9 1,081 23 .1 52 246 219 (34.32) (0.83) (100.00) (2. 13) (0.09) (4.81) (22.76) (20 26) 500-1,999 620 596 47 620 J29 6 99 236 291 (%.13) (7 5:q (100.00) (20.81) (0.97) (15.97) ( 38.06) (46.94) 2,000-4,999 63 63 35 63 52 9 29 43 56 (100.00) ( 55.56) (100.00) (82.54) (14.29) (46.03) (68.25) (88.89) 5,000+ 61 ------Total 1, 764 1,030 91 1,764 204 16 180 525 566 (58.39) (5.16) (100.00) (11.56) (0.91) (10.20) (29.76) (32.09 -~------ It may be observed from the above inset that and 20.26 per cent villages of this ra nge have these larger the p.)pulation size of the village better is the amenities respectively. Very small percentage of educational and other amenities in the villages. About villages of this range have medical, post and teleg 61 per cent villages of the district are small sized raph, market/hat and communication facilities. 96.13 villages with population less than 500.35.14 per cent per cent villages of popUlation range 500-1.999 have villages are in the population range 500-1,999. Only educational amenity in them. Next amenity Which 3.57 per cent villages are in the population range possess the higher percentage of villages of this popu 2,000-4,999. All the 63 villages having more than 2000 lation range is power supply. 46.94 (291) pel' cent population in the district have educational amenity villages have power supply amenity in them. Similar in it. As re2ards medical, post and telegraph and position emerges in the tahsils of the district. Villages power supply 55.56, S2.54 and 88.89 per cent villages of all the tahsils falling in the population range 2,000· in the population range 2,000-4,999 have these ameni 4999 have educational amenity. Power supply and ties, respectively. Only 34.32 per cent villages in the approach by pucca roao, post and telegraph ano population range -499 have education amenity. App medical amenities are also available in majority of roach by pucca rl)ad and power su pply have 22.76 villages of this range. xxxiv The following table shows the main staple food in the majority of villages in each tahsil:- TABLE 6 Main staple food in the majority of viJIages in each Tabsil ------SI. No. Name of Tahsil Main staple food ___.------2 3 ------_------_._--._------Raghurajnagar Wheat, Rice 2 Na~od Wheat, Rice :; Amarpatan Wheat, Rice 4 Maihar Wheat, Rice ------.------_.... --- Wheat and rice is the main staple feod iu the villages of all the tabsils of the district. Inset table 7 below sh;:,ws the distribution of villages according to land use in the district. TABLE 7 Distribution of Villages According to Land use ------_._------~----- Sl. Name of Tahsil No. of inhabited Total area Percentage of cultivable Percentage of irrigated No. villages area to total area area to total Cultivable area ------2 3 4 5 6 -----..------ 1 Raghurlljnagar 727 284,9.55.78 196,212.59 5,948.33 (68.86) (3.03) 2 Nagod 430 168,002.54 100,938.66 3,667.42 (60.08) (3.63) 3 Amarpatan 376 1]2,932.20 78,249.88 ],996.63 (69.29) (2.55) 4 f\.1aihar 23] 1] 1 ,000.00 71,421.00 ],405.!l0 (64.34) (1.97) Total District 1,764 676,890.52 446,822.13 13,017.38 (66.01) (2.91) ------.------..----~------xuv According to the village papers the total area of cultivation. Maihar tahsil ranks third with 64. 34 per the district is 676,890 heatarel, Raghurajnagar with cent, while Nagod tahsil has the lowest percentage 42.09 per cent of the district area ranks first followed (60. 08). by Nagod with 24;81 per cent area. Amarpatan and Irrigation facility in the district is very inade Maihar share the identical percentage of area (about quate. Only 2.91 per cent of the cultivated area is 16 per cent). To be very precise Amarpatan occupies irrigated. Nagod tahsil with its 3.63 per cent cultiva ) 6.68 whereas Maihar with 16.39 per cent comes last. ble area being irrigated r:wks first followed by 66.01 per cent of the total area is cultivable area. Ragburajnagar, Amarpatan and Maihar in that otber. Amarpatan tahsil with 69.29 per cent of its area being under cultivation ranks first followed by RaghuraJ Growth, density and sex-ratio of. urban popula nagar tahsil with 68.86 per cent of its area under tion in the district is shown in the table below :- TABLE 8 Growth, Density and Sex-ratio of Urban Population in the District in relation to the State ------.------.------District State r------..A..------~ r------..A..------~ Cen- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density Sex- sus Popu- Popu- Popula- Percentage (Popu- ratio(No. Popu- Popu- Popula- percentage (popula- ratio{No year lation lation tion variation lation of females lation lation tion variation tion per of females in urban per sq. per 1,000 in urban sq. kms.) per 1,000 popu'ation kms.) males) population males) ------,---- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ------_.. _------ 195! 554,529 61,365 11.07 +99.60 564 937 26,071,637 3,132,937 12.02 +33.16 2,034 907 1961 694,370 63,454 9.14 + 3.40 2,689 836 32,372,408 4,627,234 14.29 +47.70 2,482 856 1971 .9!3,531 94,673 1.0.35 +49.20 1,817 837 41,654,119 6,784,767 16.29 +46.63 2,378 86)( 1981 1,153,387 186,737 16.19 +97.24 1,048 853 52,178,844 10,586,459 20.29 +56.03 2,171 884 ------.. ------ The table above WOUI(l show that there has been urban growth has been 56.03 per cent but the district a phenomenal growth of urban population in the registered 97.24 per cent urban growth. This again is d istrkt as compared to the state urban growth in due to inclusion of five places as urban in 1981 Cen 1951. This was largelv because of addition of as many sus. The new towns included in the 19R I frame are as 10 neW towns in 1951. Tn 1951 the district had as Amarpatan, Birsinghpur, Jaitwara, Madhogarh and many as fourteen towns, But in the 1961 Census these Rampur- Baghelan, which possess the combined popu. towns were declassified al1d hence there has been lation of 46,999 persons. very low growth of urb"n population though there In respect of density of urban population, but has been substantial growth in the state urban popu for 1961 the density of urban population has been on lation. Tn 1971 therehasbeen49.20p~r'cent growth· lower side than the state urban density. Except in in urban population of the district which is in confir 1~51 the sex.ratio of urban population in the district mity with the state urban growth. In l~· 81 the state has been less than the state urban sex-ratio. x.Hvi The table below shows the new town/towns declassified in 1981 Census :-- TABLB 9 New Towns/Towns declassified in 1981 Census ------_ ._.:------_._--_-----_-... _------_ - --_ -.--- Name of Town Population 198 J Census -_ .. _------_------2 ------.------~---- (a) Added (i) Amarpatan 11,453 (ii) BirsinghpllT 7,553 (iii) Jaitwara 9,241 (iv) Madhogarh 8,845 (v) Rampur-Baghelan 9,907 (b) Declassified NJ ------._------_- ._------Amarpatan, BirsinghpuT, Jaitv.ara, Madbogarh in the ]981 Census. Howevrr, no town was declassified and Rampur-Bagbe\an have been added as new town~. in this Census. Table No. 10 below shows the per capita r~ceipt and expenditure in towns of the distriot. TABLE 10 Per capita receipt and expenditure in towns ------_._------~------Class, Name and civic Per capita status of the town ,------~---'-~------. "-"------, Receipt Expe,n ture ____ ,.A_ ___ ------. ,.....------__ ..A.. ______. ___ _ r - -, Total Receipt Receipt Total General Expenditure Public Expen- Oth.!fs through from all expen- adminis- on public works diture sp;!cify taxes other diture tration "health and on public sourCes convenience ins ti ru tions- ------~-- - _------~------. ------2 3 4 5 6 7 ~ 9 10 ------...__ ...------_--_-_-- IV Annrpatan (N.A C.) 32.23 9.90 22.33 31.28 4.01 20.41 0.04 6.82 V Birsinghpnr (M.) 52.24 29.72 22.52 50.91 12.54 11" 14 18.14 8.99 V Jaitwara (N A C.) Not available V Madhogarh (N .A.C.) 9.37 1. 03 8.34 12.58 5.86 0.20 6.52 III Maihar (M.) 6S.04 3:1.64 31.40 66.23 12.47 37.59 4.99 0.49 10.69 IV Nagod (N.A C.) 54.5-t 41,85 12.69 54. [3 5.67 7.87 14.23 0.04 26.32 V Rampur-Baghclan(N kC.) Not availab Ie II Satna (M ) 59.40 3.25 56.15 55.63 15.77 0.01 26 83 0.34 12.68 IV Unchahara (N A.C.) 19.46 2.00 17.46 J9.83 5.34 1.89 1 .2.., 11.37 ------_. -_- --~------'- -_._- All Towns 52.09 10.86 41.23 50.11 12 50 7.09 17.91 0.27 12.34 Note-Total per capita for the District has been computed for those towns of which data have been received. ",,,,vii Data in respect of two towns, i.e., Jaitwara and substantial expenditure on general administration in Rampur-Baghelan was not availabh:. A close perusal Birsinghpur, Maihar, Satna and Uncbabara towns. of the data would show that barring Madhogarh and More than half of the total expenditure is on public Unchahara towns the expenditure of all other towns health and convenience in Amarpatan and Maihar is well within the total receipts of urban body. How towns. About half of the total expenditure in Satna ever, the margin between total receipts and expendL town is on public works whereas about 1/3 of its ture in respect of Unchanara town is very fine. In expenditure in Birsinghpur and Unchahara towns is Madhogarh town there is wide sap of 3.21 over total On public works. About fifty per cent of its total receipts of tbe ur ban bolY. There app ears to be expenditure of Nagod town is on other aspects. Inset table 11 shows the number of schools per ten thousand population in tows. TABLE II Schools per teo Ihousand population in towns - -_------.. -._---_------ Class, Name and civic ______No. per ten thousand A~ ______population _ status of town Higher Secondary/ Junior Primary Secondary/ Matriculation Secondary/ Inter /PUC' Middle Juni or College ------._------2 3 4 5 ------_ ...------.------_--_ ------ IV Amarpatan (N. A. C. ) 3 5 V Rirsinghpur (M) 3 5 V J.dtwara (N. A C.) 6 V Madhogarh (N.A.C.) 2 7 III Maihar (M.) 6 IV Nagod (N A.C.) 4 6 V Rampur-Baghe!an (N.A.C.) 2 9 II Satna (M) 4 5 IV Unchahara (N.A.C.) 2 5 ------_... _-- All Towns 1 3 ------r------.------ There aTe two higher secondary schools pet ten while Madhogrrh, Rampur- Baghelan and Uncbahara thousand population in Amarpatan and Nagod towns. towns have 2 midd Ie schools each. There are as many In rest of the towns there is onlvone higher secon as 9 primary schools per ten thousand population in dary school per tcn thousand popUlation. There is Rampur-Baghelan town while there are 7 primary only ilnc middle school per ten thousand population schools in Madhogarh town. Jaitwara, Maihar and in Maibar town whereas there are fourmiddle schools Nagod towns each have 6 primary schools while each in Satna and Nagod towns. Amarpatan, Birsin Amarpatan, Birsinghpur, Satna and Unchahara have ghpur, Jaitwara towns each bave 3 middle schools, 5 schools each. xxxviii Number of beds in Medical institutions in towns population in towns is shown in the table below :- is shown in the following table :- TABLE 13 TABLE 12 Proportion of Slums Population in Towns. Number of Beds in Medical Institutions in Towns ------_------Class, name and Proportion of the slums Density Class, Name and No. of beds in civic status (,f the population to total popu- in slums town lation or the town (per sq.kms.) Civic status of medical institutions the towns per 1,000 population - -~-----.---;------2 3 2 ------II Satna (M) 5.34 1.611 IV Amarp:ltan (N A. C. ) 3 V Rirsinghpur (M) -_._------_---- 5.34 per cent of the Satna town live in slum V Jaitwara (N.A.C.) areas of the town and the density of population in the V 1I.ladhogarh (N.A.C.) slum areas is 1,611 persons. JIl ~hihar (M) 2 Table No. 14 below shows the mosfimportant com IV Nagod (N A.C.) 2 modity manufactured, imported and exported in the V Rampur-Baghelan (N .A.C.) 1 towns of the district. Bidi is the most important commo II Satna (M) 2 dity manufactured in Amarpatan, laitwara, Nagod and IV Unchahara (N.A.C.) Rampur-Baghelan towns. Lime and bricks are manu ~------factured in Madhogarh and Maihar towns respectively. All Towns 2 ------_-._------_ Cement is the most important commodity manufa ctured in Satlla town. Metal pot is most important Curiously enough Amarpatan town has highest commodity in Unchahara town. Unchahara town is number (3) of neds per 1,000 population whereas famous for its Phool Thali indigeIJous cottage industry. Satna the district headquarter s town has only 2 beds Wheat is exported from Amarpatan, Birsinghpur, per 1000 population. Maihar and Nagod are the Nagod and Rampur-Baghelan and Bidi is important other towns of the district having 2 beds per 1000 commodity of export from Jaitwara and Uncbahara population. towns. Lime stone and cement are exported from Information regarding slums in respect of class Maihar and Satna towns, respectively. Cloth, medici I and II towns has been collected. Satna is the only nes, coal and kirana articles are items of imports in Class II town in the district. Proportion of slum the towns. TABLE 14 Most important commodity, manufactured, imported and exported in towns. ------_._------.------Class, name and Most important commodity civic status of r--- -_ ------_..A.. ______. ___ ~~ the towns ManufactLired Exported Imported ------.-- 2 3 4 ------"------_... _---_._ IV Anurpatan (N.A.C.) Bidi Wheat Cloth V Birsinghpur (M .) Edible Oil Wheat Kirana V Jaitwara (~1 . A. C. ) Rid; Bidi Mcdicmes \' Madhogarh IN.A.C.) Bricks Sand Salt III Maihar (M.) Lime Limt Stone Coal IV Nagod (N.A.C.) Bidi Wheat Rice V Rampur-Baghclan (N.A.C.) Bidi Wheat Cloth JI Satna (M.J Cement Cement Drug IV Unchahara (N.A.C.) l\letal pots Bidi Metal ------_._------_---._------SECTION I - VILLAGE· DIRECTORY 3 ."~~T,( ,",,1 'fi' t'" ------_---__.------..------_..._. ---.-- .... t11J Itil ;mi. ~;fh,.;rq1 !IPI IT" Ifi1 ;fill ~r.i\1I ;fiR if~ --..A.__ ~ fi.1lf .--.A.--:-~ nlfJ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------1 2 3 4 2 3 4 ------. ------~------ 12/1 ,{ 36 ~ro 603 590 37 ~cro 682 669 1 aitn: I!f ...... T!!~ ""'If)) ~) -~------~---~------~- 'lpJ i'fRR "" IfiT i'fT" ~;ftl'{~ '!ill liT" IfiT ;nil' ~ ifi)i;rJ:« fiMr r---.A.~ a'IiIf' _ --.A._---., 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------_------1 2 3 4 2 3 --_------_._------4 12/1 ~f!'~nr';ftR (f~q-1~ 63 ifi~<1T ~ 268 267 101 ;;rl'f'crr 105 105 64 ifi~~J Ii!~ 265 256 102 ;;rl'f'1~~r 211 265 65 ififro 902 876 103 ;;pl S3 ifi<:~;:r 579 566 121 ~f",ll'U 647 641 644 8'4 ifi<:@ 840 823 T22 (,T 593 580 85 ifi<:@ 'fi<'tf 348 339 123 'f>"fT., 645 649 86 'll<:l':T 'fi1oT~ 675 662 124 ~~ 901 875 87 "'Ii~.@" ~ llfui"Qll"R vtQl ~ ~, ------..-:--... _------...-_------_..._.----- llilf ITlf ~r ;mJ f'WfTlf.m ~ !iIi'f Vllf ~ ;n1J ~r.il'lf ~6 ;rl'~ ~t;q'f ,---.A..--~ ~!fl __ --..A--_",""" 1971 1981 1971 1981 ---~------1 2 3 4 2 3 4 ------'------_---_.- 12/1 ~~~m'l'lT~ (f~~m 140 iiIlYf.:! 172 IiT'if 427 416 208 m~ 7R7 764 173 @,T~ 148 146 209 f~"ll -677 664 174 ~TI'~T 355 346 210 IT,~9t 168 169 175 ~T;t[T 524 511 211 If,,~~ g52 832 176 I5In:r 871 851 212 ~~'lT 231', 227 .6 .~IfT~m'{ VJlfl Ifi) ~) ------tpf V'" !fiT ;Uq ""oftll om ~ 'lfilr VrIf iIi1 ;uq ~;ftq iif>'tw iJHR ~ r---..A-~ Pfl _ --..A-_-'"""""-I 1971 1981 1971 1981 ----'----_------'------3 4 1 2 2 3 4 ------~------ \2/1 "t~~T~~ (t~~R:r 247 213 '!,