Espèces Fruitières D'amérique Tropical E
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Phol 2018 2 A022 Larrota.Pdf
August 30, 2018 Archives • 2018 • vol.2 • 206-218 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS AND ALKALOID FRACTIONS FROM SEEDS OF THREE SPECIES OF ANNONA Harold Rodriguez Larrota 1, Ludy C. Pabón Baquero 2 1Estudiante de Biología, Universidad de La Salle. Cra 2 No. 10-70, CP. 110931, Bogotá, Colombia. 2Universidad de La Salle, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Grupo Biología Molecular e Inmunogenética (Biomigen), Cra 2 No. 10-70, CP. 110931, Bogotá, Colombia. *[email protected] Abstract On Alzheimer's disease, the oxidative stress is one of the causes of neuronal death (product of the exacerbation of free radicals), for that reason the natural compounds with antioxidant properties, it is a target on the design of drugs with neuroprotective potential. In Colombia, the Annonaceae family exhibits a high economic importance, with a high variety of species with edible fruits. Some of these species have been recognized by their medicinal and insecticides properties. However, the pharmacological potential of the seeds (post-consumer residue) have not being contemplated even with a big diversity of alkaloids, which they have been attributed to important biological properties. In this sense, this study evaluated the antioxidant activity of seeds of Annona muricata, Annona cherimola and Annona squamosa. The antioxidant potential of crude extracts and alkaloid fractions was evaluated through free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and ferric reducing potential (FRAP), these results were expressed as µmol TE / g of extract. In relation to the antioxidant potential, it has been verified that acid-base extraction of the ethanolic extracts improved the antioxidant capacity. The CHCl3: EtOH fraction of A. -
Annona Muricata L. = Soursop = Sauersack Guanabana, Corosol
Annona muricata L. = Soursop = Sauersack Guanabana, Corosol, Griarola Guanábana Guanábana (Annona muricata) Systematik Einfurchenpollen- Klasse: Zweikeimblättrige (Magnoliopsida) Unterklasse: Magnolienähnliche (Magnoliidae) Ordnung: Magnolienartige (Magnoliales) Familie: Annonengewächse (Annonaceae) Gattung: Annona Art: Guanábana Wissenschaftlicher Name Annona muricata Linnaeus Frucht aufgeschnitten Zweig, Blätter, Blüte und Frucht Guanábana – auch Guyabano oder Corossol genannt – ist eine Baumart, aus der Familie der Annonengewächse (Annonaceae). Im Deutschen wird sie auch Stachelannone oder Sauersack genannt. Inhaltsverzeichnis [Verbergen] 1 Merkmale 2 Verbreitung 3 Nutzen 4 Kulturgeschichte 5 Toxikologie 6 Quellen 7 Literatur 8 Weblinks Merkmale [Bearbeiten] Der Baum ist immergrün und hat eine nur wenig verzweigte Krone. Er wird unter normalen Bedingungen 8–12 Meter hoch. Die Blätter ähneln Lorbeerblättern und sitzen wechselständig an den Zweigen. Die Blüten bestehen aus drei Kelch- und Kronblättern, sind länglich und von grüngelber Farbe. Sie verströmen einen aasartigen Geruch und locken damit Fliegen zur Bestäubung an. Die Frucht des Guanábana ist eigentlich eine große Beere. Sie wird bis zu 40 Zentimeter lang und bis zu 4 Kilogramm schwer. In dem weichen, weißen Fruchtfleisch sitzen große, schwarze (giftige) Samen. Die Fruchthülle ist mit weichen Stacheln besetzt, welche die Überreste des weiblichen Geschlechtsapparates bilden. Die Stacheln haben damit keine Schutzfunktion gegenüber Fraßfeinden. Verbreitung [Bearbeiten] Die Stachelannone -
Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Annona Genus: a Review
REVIEW ARTICLE Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology 2 (1) 2020 77-88 Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology www.crbb-journal.com Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Annona genus: A review Siti Kusmardiyani, Yohanes Andika Suharli*, Muhamad Insanu, Irda Fidrianny Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia ABSTRACT Plants have been significantly used in traditional medicine by a variety of societies since Article history: antiquity, and knowledge of their safety, efficacy, and quality value can be developed through Received 15 Jul 2020 further research. The genus Annona, consisting of 119 species, has been extensively researched Revised 13 Aug 2020 and proven to have a diverse range of pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antiulcer, Accepted 14 Aug 2020 antidiarrheal, and antiparasitic. This is because the Annona plants possess a great number of Available online 31 August 2020 phytochemicals found in almost every part of the plant, which can be isolated to be developed into herbal medicine. Phytochemicals are classified into several classes, such as Annonaceous Keywords: acetogenin, alkaloids, flavonoids, and essential oils. This article was created by collecting 124 Annona genus research articles which discuss phytochemical compounds from 20 species and the isolated compound pharmacological activity from 13 species. pharmacological activity phytochemical compounds traditional medicine *Corresponding author: [email protected] DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2020.2.1/KNIA7708 e-ISSN 2686-1623/© 2020 Institut Teknologi Bandung. All rights reserved 1. Introduction Based on the great potential of these plants as drug candidates Natural products, specifically those derived from plants, have and the large body of available research on the Annona plant, a helped mankind in many aspects of life, particularly medicine. -
Floral Ontogeny of Annonaceae: Evidence for High Variability in floral Form
Annals of Botany 106: 591–605, 2010 doi:10.1093/aob/mcq158, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org Floral ontogeny of Annonaceae: evidence for high variability in floral form Fengxia Xu1 and Louis Ronse De Craene2,* 1South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 723 Xinke Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou China 510650 and 2Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20 Inverleith Row, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, UK * For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 17 February 2010 Returned for revision: 29 March 2010 Accepted: 28 June 2010 Published electronically: 1 September 2010 † Background and Aims Annonaceae are one of the largest families of Magnoliales. This study investigates the comparative floral development of 15 species to understand the basis for evolutionary changes in the perianth, Downloaded from androecium and carpels and to provide additional characters for phylogenetic investigation. † Methods Floral ontogeny of 15 species from 12 genera is examined and described using scanning electron microscopy. † Key Results Initiation of the three perianth whorls is either helical or unidirectional. Merism is mostly trimer- ous, occasionally tetramerous and the members of the inner perianth whorl may be missing or are in double pos- ition. The androecium and the gynoecium were found to be variable in organ numbers (from highly polymerous http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/ to a fixed number, six in the androecium and one or two in the gynoecium). Initiation of the androecium starts invariably with three pairs of stamen primordia along the sides of the hexagonal floral apex. Although inner sta- minodes were not observed, they were reported in other genera and other families of Magnoliales, except Magnoliaceae and Myristicaceae. -
Dictionary of Cultivated Plants and Their Regions of Diversity Second Edition Revised Of: A.C
Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Second edition revised of: A.C. Zeven and P.M. Zhukovsky, 1975, Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centres of diversity 'N -'\:K 1~ Li Dictionary of cultivated plants and their regions of diversity Excluding most ornamentals, forest trees and lower plants A.C. Zeven andJ.M.J, de Wet K pudoc Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen - 1982 ~T—^/-/- /+<>?- •/ CIP-GEGEVENS Zeven, A.C. Dictionary ofcultivate d plants andthei rregion so f diversity: excluding mostornamentals ,fores t treesan d lowerplant s/ A.C .Zeve n andJ.M.J ,d eWet .- Wageninge n : Pudoc. -11 1 Herz,uitg . van:Dictionar y of cultivatedplant s andthei r centreso fdiversit y /A.C .Zeve n andP.M . Zhukovsky, 1975.- Me t index,lit .opg . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 SISO63 2UD C63 3 Trefw.:plantenteelt . ISBN 90-220-0785-5 ©Centre forAgricultura l Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen,1982 . Nopar t of thisboo k mayb e reproduced andpublishe d in any form,b y print, photoprint,microfil m or any othermean swithou t written permission from thepublisher . Contents Preface 7 History of thewor k 8 Origins of agriculture anddomesticatio n ofplant s Cradles of agriculture and regions of diversity 21 1 Chinese-Japanese Region 32 2 Indochinese-IndonesianRegio n 48 3 Australian Region 65 4 Hindustani Region 70 5 Central AsianRegio n 81 6 NearEaster n Region 87 7 Mediterranean Region 103 8 African Region 121 9 European-Siberian Region 148 10 South American Region 164 11 CentralAmerica n andMexica n Region 185 12 NorthAmerica n Region 199 Specieswithou t an identified region 207 References 209 Indexo fbotanica l names 228 Preface The aimo f thiswor k ist ogiv e thereade r quick reference toth e regionso f diversity ofcultivate d plants.Fo r important crops,region so fdiversit y of related wild species areals opresented .Wil d species areofte nusefu l sources of genes to improve thevalu eo fcrops . -
Character Evolution in Anaxagorea (Annonaceae)
QUT Digital Repository: http://eprints.qut.edu.au/ Scharaschkin, Tanya and Doyle, James A. (2006) Character evolution in Anaxagorea (Annonaceae). American Journal of Botany 93(1):pp. 36-54. © Copyright 2006 Botanical Society of America American Journal of Botany 93(1): 36±54. 2006. CHARACTER EVOLUTION IN ANAXAGOREA (ANNONACEAE)1 TANYA SCHARASCHKIN2,3 AND JAMES A. DOYLE2 2Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA Anaxagorea is a critical genus for understanding morphological evolution in Annonaceae because it shares a variety of features with other Magnoliales that have been interpreted as primitive relative to other Annonaceae. We present a detailed discussion of morphological characters used in a combined morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis of Anaxagorea, along with impli- cations of the analysis for character evolution in the genus. In spite of a high level of homoplasy in stamen and leaf venation characters, their removal results in loss of resolution in the trees obtained. The distributions of characters on trees con®rm assumptions that several distinctive similarities between Anaxagorea and other Magnoliales are primitive retentions (e.g., the presence of an adaxial plate of xylem in the midrib, nonpeltate stamen connectives, inner staminodes, and several leaf architectural characters). However, lateral extensions of the ``laminar'' stamens, though possibly ancestral in Anaxagorea, are convergent with those in other Magnoliales. A number of morphological synapomorphies have been identi®ed for a clade containing most Central American species and another comprising all Asian species (e.g., conical bud shape and reduced inner petals for the Central American clade, and adaxial cuticular striations and capitate stigma shape for the Asian clade). -
INSPECTOR's APPROVAL 7.2 Introduction Into Queensland of Host Fruit of Mediterranean Fruit Fly
INSPECTOR'S APPROVAL 7.2 Introduction into Queensland of host fruit of Mediterranean fruit fly. Plant Protection Act 1989 Plant Protection Regulation 2002 Section 90 I, Gareth Frederick Artlett, an inspector appointed under the Plant Protection Act 1989, acting in accordance with section 11(7) of the Plant Protection Act 1989 and for the purposes of preventing the introduction of Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitus capitata (Wiederman) (Medfly) revoke Inspector’s Approval No. 7.1 dated 4 August 2008, issued by Cameron Edward Charles Tree and hereby approve the introduction into Queensland of a host fruit of Medfly that has been grown at, or comes from a place within 7.5 km (meaning 7.5 km or less) from a Medfly infestation, provided it is certified as having been treated with an Approved Treatment or is in an Approved Condition as listed below. Host fruit of Medfly that has been grown at, or comes from a place more than 7.5 km from a Medfly infestation does not require treatment, or does not need to be in an approved condition to be introduced into Queensland. APPROVED TREATMENTS (A to F) Treatments must be supervised (including temperature monitoring) by an interstate inspector or carried out under an Interstate Certification Assurance (ICA) arrangement. See Appendix 2 for list of approved ICA operational procedures. Required Certification: Plant Health Certificate1 or Plant Health Assurance Certificate2. A. Methyl bromide fumigation (all fruits listed in Appendix 1) Fruit listed from a host plant listed in Appendix 1 may be treated at the rates specified below, which vary depending on the temperature of the produce to be treated. -
Woody and Herbaceous Plants Native to Haiti for Use in Miami-Dade Landscapes1
Woody and Herbaceous Plants Native to Haiti For use in Miami-Dade Landscapes1 Haiti occupies the western one third of the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic the remainder. Of all the islands within the Caribbean basin Hispaniola possesses the most varied flora after that of Cuba. The plants contained in this review have been recorded as native to Haiti, though some may now have been extirpated due in large part to severe deforestation. Less than 1.5% of the country’s original tree-cover remains. Haiti’s future is critically tied to re- forestation; loss of tree cover has been so profound that exotic fast growing trees, rather than native species, are being used to halt soil erosion and lessen the risk of mudslides. For more information concerning Haiti’s ecological plight consult references at the end of this document. For present purposes all of the trees listed below are native to Haiti, which is why non-natives such as mango (the most widely planted tree) and other important trees such as citrus, kassod tree (Senna siamea) and lead tree (Leucanea leucocephala) are not included. The latter two trees are among the fast growing species used for re-forestation. The Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History’s Flora of the West Indies was an invaluable tool in assessing the range of plants native to Haiti. Not surprisingly many of the listed trees and shrubs 1 John McLaughlin Ph.D. U.F./Miami-Dade County Extension Office, Homestead, FL 33030 Page | 1 are found in other parts of the Caribbean with some also native to South Florida. -
Features of Leaves Used in Plant Classification
The first step in acquiring knowledge is knowing the names of things FEATURES OF LEAVES USED IN PLANT CLASSIFICATION Scott A. Mori Nathaniel Lord Britton Curator of Botany and Carol Gracie IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY PLANTS, ONE NEEDS TO KNOW BOTANICAL TERMINOLOGY FOR PLANT GROWTH FORMS, LEAVES, FLOWERS, AND FRUITS. THE FOLLOWING IMAGES GIVE AN OVERVIEW OF LEAF TERMINOLOGY. FOR MORE DEFINITIONS OF TERMS CLICK ON “GLOSSARY” IN THE BANNER. THE MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION DISPLAYED BY THE PLANTS OF SABA IS ASTONISHING, BUT ONE NEEDS TO OBSERVE CAREFULLY TO SEE AND UNDERSTAND THAT VARIATION. AN IMPORTANT AID FOR SEEING BOTANICAL FEATURES USED IN PLANT IDENTIFICATION IS A GOOD QUALITY 10X HAND LENS. Drawing by B. Angell PART OF AN IMPARIPINNATE LEAF OF THE SPANISH LIME OR GENIP (Melicoccus bijugatus) Note that this leaf has a winged rachis but most leaves of this species do wing not have winged rachises. Plant features such as this are often variable. Photo by C. Gracie secondary leaflet BIPINNATE LEAF OF THE RAIN TREE (PITHECELLOBIIUM SAMAN) INTRODUCED TO SABA AND GROWING AT WILLARD’S HOTEL primary leaflet The entire structure is one leaf, i.e., everything above the bud is the leaf. Click to see a primary leaflet. Click again to see a secondary leaflet. The only place where there is a bud is where one is indicated. location of bud Photo by C. Gracie MONKEY EAR POD (ENTEROLOBIUM CYCLOCARPUM) small gland pulvinus BASE OF BIPINNATE LEAF OF A MIMOSOID LEGUME MORE LEAF FEATURES USED IN PLANT CLASSIFICATION From Hickey, 1973 FEATURES OF LEAF VENATION USED IN PLANT CLASSIFICATION From Hickey, 1973 FEATURES OF LEAF VENATION USED IN PLANT CLASSIFICATION From Hickey, 1973 FEATURES OF THE LEAF OF THE NONI (MORINDA CITRIFOLIA) Photo by C. -
Review of Investigations on the Annona Species
NOONAN: ANNONA INVESTIGATIONS 205 north-west exposure. The leaders tend to with sulphur powder, NKP, minor elements crawl over the citrus in a south-westerly direc with increased magnesium applications and tion which was also the general orientation of heavy mulching is indicated. the main body of foliage of the mature vines Ten. Scattered flowering throughout the on the Montgomery estate. year was observed on cuttings. Conclusions Eleven. In general, the results of these ori- entative investigations are disappointing from Although further investigations must be a time element viewpoint. For commercial made, the results to date do not indicate that utilization self-compatible naturally-fruiting Strophanthus sarmentosus in South Florida high-yielding strains will have to be bred, will be developed into an economically work which requires a long term breeding selection able crop plant in the near future. The response to hand pollination was suc program. LITERATURE CITED cessful from a breeding standpoint but not 1. Azoff, M. B. and Irvine, J. E. 1952. Paper pre from a commercial standpoint. Breeding and sented at the 17th Annual Meeting of the Florida Academy of Science, Gainesville, Fla., Dec. 13. selection of self-fertile, high-yielding plants is 2. Callon, R. K., Meickle, R. D., and Taylor, W. I. the only rational solution to the problem; 1951. The Source of Sarmentogenin, Chemistry and Industry, No. 17, April 28, pp. 336-7. then clone plantings will be the first commer 3. Creech, J. L., and Dowdle, R. F. 1952. Propa gation of Strophanthus, Economic Botany, Vol. 6, No. cial step. Such a program would require large 1, Jan.-Mar., pp. -
Early Floral Developmental Studies in Annonaceae
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Biosystematics and Ecology Jahr/Year: 1996 Band/Volume: 10 Autor(en)/Author(s): Leins Peter, Erbar Claudia Artikel/Article: Early floral developmental studies in Annonaceae. In: Reproductive Morphology in Annonaceae. 1-28 Early floral developmental©Akademie d. Wissenschaften studies Wien; download in unter Annonaceae www.biologiezentrum.at Peter LEINS and Claudia Erba r Abstract: In theAnnonaceae the perianth mostly consists of three trimerous whorls, with a slight tendency to a spiral sequence of their members. The androecium and the gynoecium are variable in the number of their organs (high polymery to low, fixed numbers). In this study the early development of polymerous androecia is investigated Artabotrysin hexapetalus andAnnona montana. In these species the androecia begin their development with six stamens in the comers of a hexagonal floral apex. This early developmental pattem resembles that in someAristolochiaceae andAlismatales. Not only in this respect but also because of other important features theAnnonaceae may be regarded as closely related to these two groups, but as more archaic. The carpels in the mostly choricarpous gynoecia areconduplicate (not peltate) or very rarely (Cananga) slightly peltate. The gynoecium ofMonodora consists of a single, clearly peltate carpel with a very peculiar laminal placentation (the ovules are inserted in seven double rows). This unusual condition can be interpreted as the expression sequentialof two genetical programs during development: the program for a single carpel and that for a pluricarpellate gynoecium(Simulation of a syncarpous gynoecium). Introduction - Morphology of the adult flowers The familiy Annonaceae, with about 130 genera and 2300 species by far the largest family of the Magnoliales, makes up about three-fourths of the order (CRONQUIST 1981). -
Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: an and Taxonomists Throughout the World Who Have Left Inventory
United States Department of Agriculture Perennial Edible Fruits Agricultural Research Service of the Tropics Agriculture Handbook No. 642 An Inventory t Abstract Acknowledgments Martin, Franklin W., Carl W. Cannpbell, Ruth M. Puberté. We owe first thanks to the botanists, horticulturists 1987 Perennial Edible Fruits of the Tropics: An and taxonomists throughout the world who have left Inventory. U.S. Department of Agriculture, written records of the fruits they encountered. Agriculture Handbook No. 642, 252 p., illus. Second, we thank Richard A. Hamilton, who read and The edible fruits of the Tropics are nnany in number, criticized the major part of the manuscript. His help varied in form, and irregular in distribution. They can be was invaluable. categorized as major or minor. Only about 300 Tropical fruits can be considered great. These are outstanding We also thank the many individuals who read, criti- in one or more of the following: Size, beauty, flavor, and cized, or contributed to various parts of the book. In nutritional value. In contrast are the more than 3,000 alphabetical order, they are Susan Abraham (Indian fruits that can be considered minor, limited severely by fruits), Herbert Barrett (citrus fruits), Jose Calzada one or more defects, such as very small size, poor taste Benza (fruits of Peru), Clarkson (South African fruits), or appeal, limited adaptability, or limited distribution. William 0. Cooper (citrus fruits), Derek Cormack The major fruits are not all well known. Some excellent (arrangements for review in Africa), Milton de Albu- fruits which rival the commercialized greatest are still querque (Brazilian fruits), Enriquito D.