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of Arboreal Eudicotyledons, Universidade Federal Rural do ists L Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, state of Rio de Janeiro, and 1 2 1 Vinícius Costa Cysneiros 2* , Maria Verônica Leite Pereira-Moura , Eduardo de Paiva Paula Denise Monte Braz 1 Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Florestas, Graduação em Engenharia Florestal. BR 465, Km 7. CEP 23890-000. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil. 2 Universidade Federal Rural do [email protected] de Janeiro, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botânica. BR 465, Km 7. CEP 23890-000. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract:

The Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro) Botanical Garden (JB/UFRRJ) has a green area occupied mostly by sparsely planted arboreal species, in addition to a small area of regenerating forest and plantations. In consideration of the Brazilian federal rules for botanical gardens, the collection of the Arboretum was studied systematically: collection of complete samples, herborization and identification of the species by accepted botanical methods. The occurrence of native species from different Brazilian phytogeographic domains and common names were verified. A total of 125 species of arboreal Eudicotyledons, belonging to 30 families were registered, of which , , , Myrtaceae and Anacardiaceae were the richest ones. Species in danger of extinction and others with biological, ecological or economic value are represented, demonstrating the importance of the area to flora conservation.

Introduction organized and registered. The purpose of this work was to

Botanical collections, living or preserved, are essential update the identification of the arboreal eudicotiledonous to our knowledge of biodiversity (Barbosa and Peixoto represented in the Botanical Garden, their occurrence 2003) as those found in botanical gardens, which maintain in Brazilian phytogeographic domains and their common registered collections of living used in scientific Materialsnames. and Methods research, conservation, exhibition and education (Wyse- Jackson 1999). Because of their access to a great number of professionals in training, botanical gardens associated The UFRRJ Botanical Garden is located on the university with universities have a fundamental function in the campus, in the municipality district of Seropédica, in the education and training of students, especially in the areas West Zone of Rio de Janeiro state. Its area comprises 16.5 ha, of floristic knowledge and conservation (Peixoto 1991). at the coordinates 22°55’41” S and 42°58’54” W (Miranda The Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro and Colombini 2009), at a mean elevation 27 m. Most of its Botanical Garden (JB/UFRRJ) was created three decades grounds is occupied by sparsely planted arboreal species, ago especially to provide education and research but aditionally, there is a small forest fragment undergoing opportunities (Guimarães 1982). Today, its expanded natural regeneration, areas of different cultures, mission includes environmental education, extension greenhouses, administration facilities and a lake. activities to diffuse scientific understanding to the local The fieldwork was done monthly during the period of community and leisure (Miranda and Colombini 2009). August 2006 to September 2008, when arboreal specimens Student training in different activities including plant with a “CAP” (CBH, circumference at breast high) equal or collection, cultivation or other kinds of floristic knowledge greater than 15 cm were sampled and properly preserved has been fundamental to their formation and is one of the with the usual herborization techniques and included in priority actions. the Botanical Garden Herbaria (RBE), with duplicates in In the JB/UFRRJ native species, especially of the Botanical Department (RBR), both from this university. the Atlantic Rain Forest, and other rare, ornamental or The preparation of taxonomic identification material, the biologically important species are represented (Peixoto observation of species phenology and the elaboration of 1991). Past unpublished studies have catalogued about a data bank are other activities in development and that 546 arboreal specimens, belonging to 32 families, of are also important to establish a possible conservation which Fabaceae (Leguminosae) was the richest in species collection, as recommended to Botanic Gardens (CONAMA, number. 2000). Brazilian botanical gardens are regulated by specific Taxonomic classification follows APG (2003) and federal legislation that obligates them to maintain a local species identification was done by reference to the live plant collection that has been scientifically identified, specialized bibliography, comparison with material of Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 001 Cysneiros et al. | Arboreal Eudicotyledons, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

ca. the RBE and RBR Herbaria and, eventually, consultation in more than one Brazilian phytogeographic domain by specialists. Species were recognized in a wide sense, and 14 ( 11Handroanthus %) occur in the impetiginosus four major ones (Amazon without subspecies or varieties, with the names and Forest, “Caatinga”, uniflora “” and AtlanticGallesia Rain integrifolia Forest), like authors verified by electronic consultation with the “ipê-roxo” ( ca. ), “pitangueira” Missouri Botanical Garden (2010) and The International ( ) and “pau-d’alho”ca. ( ). Plant Name Index (2010) data banks. Common names are Regarding native species, 79 ( 85 %) occurCaesalpinia in the those used locally. ferreaAtlantic Rain Forest Sterculiaand 17 ( chicha 14 %) are limitedPsidium to this The distribution of the species in Brazilian cattleianumphytogeographic domain,Licania like tomentosa “pau-ferro” ( phytogeographic domains (Amazon Forest, “Caatinga”, ), “chichá” ( ), “araçá” ( “Cerrado” or Atlantic Rain Forest) follows Oliveira-Filho ) and “oiti” ( ). and Scolforo (2008); for the species not included in this Exotic speciesDelonix are regia represented especiallyMelia by reference, Carvalho (2003; 2006), Oliveira-Filho (2006) azedaracheconomically or ornamentally importantKhaya grandifoliola ones, like and Lorenzi (1999; 2002; 2009) were consulted in that “flamboyant”Morus ( alba ), “cinamomo” ( order. Other relevant references about the species were ), “mogno-africano” ( ), Resultsalso listed. and Discussion “amoreira” ( ) and others. “Pau-brasil”, the national tree of Brazil, called “ibirapitanga” (red wood) by the native people (Ormindo The UFRRJ’s Botanical Garden eudicotiledonous trees 2008), is in danger of extinction in its natural habitat are listed by family in Table 1, including their common (MMA 2008). This species is locally representedDalbergia nigraby many names, RBE Herbarium register number, their occurrence individuals in different phases of development. The in Brazilian phytogeographic domains, or their indication “jacarandá” or “jacarandá-caviúna” ( ), is as exotic, and other relevant references for the species. another species of the Atlantic Rain Forest in danger of In the local arboretum, 125 species, belonging to extinction (MMA Manilkara 2008) and subsericeais also represented. Other with105 generaca. and 30 botanical families are represented. notable species are those with Licania rare occurrence, rigida like The richest families are Fabaceae (Leguminosae), “maçaranduba” ( ) (Oliveira-Filho 35 % of the total species (43), followed andPterygota Scolforo brasiliensis 2008) and “oiticica” ( ) (Lorenzi by Bignoniaceae (12), Malvaceae Caesalpinia (10), Myrtaceae echinata (8) 2009),Aspidosperma species with parvifolium restricted distribution, like “pau-rei” and AnacardiaceaeCaesalpinia (7) (Figurepluviosa 1). In regardCopaifera to the ( ) (Ormindo 2008) and Cariniana “peroba” langsdorffiiFabaceae, species like “pau-brasil”Schizolobium ( parahyba), estrellensis( Gustavia) (Oliveira-Filho augusta and Scolforo “sibipiruna” ( Cassia grandis ), “copaiba” Hymenaea ( 2008),Swietenia or climax macrophylla species like “jequitibá-branco” ( courbaril ), “guapuruvu” ( ), ), “jeniparana” ( ) and “mogno” “cássia-rosa” ( ) and “jatobá” ( ( ) (Oliveira-Filho and Scolforo ), among others, are notableca. for their economic 2008), among others with ecological importance. These or biological significance. data demonstrate that the UFRRJ Botanical Garden has an Among all the species, 94 ( 75 %) are native to important function in the conservation of native species, Brazil. Most of them have wide distribution, occurring especially from the Atlantic Rain Forest.

Figure 1.

Species-rich families of Eudicotyledonous trees in the “Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro” Botanical Garden, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.

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Table 1.

Eudicotyledonouset al. trees of the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, Seropédica,et al. RJ, Brazil. (AM= Amazon Forest; CA= “Caatinga”; CE= “Cerrado”; MA= Atlantic Rain Forest; EX= exotic species. Additional references: 1= Carvalho 2003; 2006; 2008; 2= Carvalho 2007; 3= Guimarães 1993; 4= IBGE 2002; 5= Koch and Kinoshita 2005; 6= Lorenzi 1999; 2002; 2009; 7= Lorenzi 2003; 8= Louppe 2008; 9= Mansano and Lima 2007; 10= Marchiori 1997; 11= Neves and Carauta 2004; 12= Oliveira-Filho 2006; 13= Oliveira-Filho and Scolforo 2008; 14= Ormindo 2008; Phytogeographic 15= Prance 1972; 16=Family Rossi 1994;and Specie 17= Siqueiras 1992. Common Name No Rbe References Domain Anacardiaceae Anacardium occidentale Astronium graveolens L. cajueiro 2605 CE 4,6,13 Mangifera indica Jacq. gonçalo-alves 2249 AM,CE,MA 6,12,13 Myracrodruon urundeuva L. mangueira 59 EX 7,14 Schinopsis brasiliensis Allemao aroeira-do-sertão 2248 CA,CE,MA 4,6,12,13 Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi aroeira Engl. braúna-parda 2251 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,13 Spondias venulosa ex 2599 CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Mart. Engl. cajá-grande 2247 CE,MA 6,13 montana Apocynaceae Macfad. araticum-açu 2252 AM,CA,CE,MA 4,12,13 Aspidosperma parvifolium Tabernaemontana hystrix A.DC. peroba 85 CE,MA 6,13 Thevetia peruviana (Steud) A .DC. leiteira 2254 CE,MA 5,12,13 Bignoniaceae (Pers.) K.Schum. chapéu-de-napoleão 2253 EX 17 Cybistax antisyphilitica Kigelia pinnata (Mart.) Mart. ipê-verde 2256 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Jacaranda brasiliana (Jacq.) DC. boca-de-sapo 2257 EX 7 Sparattosperma leucanthum (Lam.) Pers. árvore-talismã 2255 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,13 Spathodea nilotica espatódea (Vell.) K. Schum. cinco-chagas 353 AM,CE,MA 6,13 Handroanthus chrysotrichus ex Seem 2261 EX 7 Handroanthus heptaphyllus (Mart. DC.) Mattos ipê-amarelo 2259 CE,MA 6,12,13,14 Handroanthus impetiginosus ex (Mart.) Mattos ipê-rosa 2260 CE,MA 6,13,14 Handroanthus ochraceus ipê (Mart. DC.) Mattos ipê-roxo 358 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 avellenadae ex (Cham.) Mattos 2617 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,13 Tabebuia roseo-alba Lorentz Griseb. ipê-roxo 2607 CE,MA 6 Tecoma stans ex (Ridl.) Sandwith ipê-branco 2258 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Boraginaceae (L.) Juss. Kunth. ipê-de-jardim 2608 EX 7 Cordia superba Casuarinaceae Cham. babosa-branca 2262 CA,CE,MA 6,13,14 Casuarina equisetifolia Chrysobalanaceae J.R. & G.Forst. casuarina 973 EX 7 Licania rigida Licania tomentosa oiti Bentham oiticica 2263 CA,MA 6,15 Clusiaceae (Benth.) Fritsch 2264 MA 6,12,13,14 Calophyllum inophyllum Erythroxylaceae L. tamanu 2270 EX 7 Erythroxylum pulchrum A.St.-Hil. arco-de-pipa 2269 CA,CE,MA 12,13 Aleurites moluccana Hevea brasiliensis ex seringueira (L.) Willd. nogueira-do-iguapi 2267 EX 7 (Willd. A . Juss.) Mull. Arg. 2268 AM 6,14 L. açacu 2265 AM 3,6,14 Lecythidaceae Vell. boleira 2266 CE,MA 6,12,13 Cariniana estrellensis Couroupita guianensis (Raddi) Kuntze jequitibá-branco 2272 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,14 Gustavia augusta Aubl. abricó-de-macaco 2274 AM 6,14 Lecythis pisonis L. jeniparana 2271 AM,MA 6,13,14 Fabaceae Cambess. sapucaia 2273 AM,CE,MA 6,12,13,14 Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth. Acacia mangium acácia-australiana 1349 EX 7 Albizia lebbeck Willd. acácia-australiana 1351 EX 7 (L.) Benth. coração-de-negro 1342 EX 7,1

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Table 1. Continued.

Phytogeographic Family and Species Common Name No Rbe References Domain Amburana cearensis Anadenanthera colubrina (Allemao) A.C. Sm. cerejeira 2609 CA,CE,MA 6,13 Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Vell.) Brenan angico-branco 1347 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Bauhinia variegata (Benth.) Brenan angico-vermelho 1350 CA,MA 1,6 Caesalpinia echinata L. pata-de-vaca 1358 EX 7 Caesalpinia ferrea ex Lam. pau-brasil 1361 MA 1,6,13,14 Caesalpinia pluviosa Mart. Tul. pau-ferro 1533 MA 6,12,14 Cassia fistula D.C. sibipiruna 1534 MA 6,12 Cassia grandis L. canafístula 1363 EX 7,1 Cassia leptophylla Vog. L. f. cassia-rosa 1362 AM,CA,MA 1,6 Cassia renigera ex Benth canafístula 1535 MA 6,1 Centrolobium tomentosum ex Benth. Wall. cassia-rosa 1084 EX 7 Clitoria fairchildiana Guillemin araribá-rosa 1385 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,14,16 Choroleucom tortum ( R.A . Howard sombreiro 1392 AM 6,10,14 Copaifera langsdorffii Mart.) Pittier tataré 2611 MA 6 Dalbergia nigra ex Benth Desf. copaíba 1364 CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Delonix regia ex (Vell.) Allemao jacarandá-caviúna 1453 CE,MA 6,12,13,14 Enterolobium contortisiliquum ( Bojer Hook.) Raf flamboyant 1365 EX 7 Erythrina speciosa Andrews (Vell.) Morong orelha-de-negro 1346 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Gliricidia sepium mulungu 1455 MA 6,12,13,14 Hymenaea courbaril ( Jacq. ) Steud. gliricidia 2582 EX 7 Inga cylindrica L. jatobá 1366 CA,CE,MA 1,6,12,13,14 Inga laurina (Vell.) Mart. ingá-feijão 1352 AM,CE,MA 6,12,13 Inga sessilis ( Sw. ) Willd. ingá 1353 CE,MA 6,12,13 Leucaena leucocephala (Vell.) Mart. Ingá-macaco 1343 CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Machaerium hirtum (Lam. ) R. de Wit leucena 1354 EX 7 Machaerium paraguariense (Vell.) Stellfeld jacarandá-bico-de-pato 1476 CE,MA 6,12,13 Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. Hassl. 2610 CA,CE 6,12,13 Peltophorum dubium sabiá 1348 AM,CE 6,13 Piptadenia paniculata Benth. (Spreng.) Taub. ciafístula 2592 CA,CE,MA 1,6,12,13,14 Pithecellobium dulce marmeleiro 1355 CE,MA 1,12,13 elegans (Roxb.) Benth. ingá-doce 1344 EX 7 Pterocarpus violaceus Vogel jacarandá-branco 1496 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12 Pterogyne nitens Vogel. aldrago 1697 MA 6,12 Samanea tubulosa Tul. amendoim-bravo 1356 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Schizolobium parahyba (Benth.) Barneby & J.W. Grimes sete-cascas 1345 AM,CA,MA 2,6 Senna siamea (Vell.) S.F.Blake guapuruvu 1369 AM,MA 1,6,12,13,14 Senna spectabilis (Lam.) H.S. Irwin & R.C. Barneby cássia-siâmica 1367 EX 7 Swartzia langsdorffii Raddi. (W. Schrad.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby são-joão 1357 AM,CE,MA 6,12,13 Swartzia oblata Cowan pacová-de-macaco 1536 MA 6,14 Lythraceae sangue-de-burro 1538 CE,MA 6,9,12,13,16 Lafoensia glyptocarpa Lagerstroemia speciosa Pers. Koehne mirindiba-rosa 2276 MA 6,12,13 Malpighiaceae resedá 2275 EX 7 Byrsonima sericea Malpighia glabra DC. murici 2337 AM,CE,MA 6,12,13 Malvaceae L. acerola 2338 EX 7 Bombacopsis glabra Ceiba speciosa paineira (Pasq.) A . Robyns castanha-do-maranhão 2326 MA 6,12 Guazuma ulmifolia (A . St.-Hil.) Ravenna 2328 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Hibiscus tiliaceus Lam. mutamba 2329 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 divaricata L. algodão-da-praia 2330 EX 7 Pachira aquatica Mart. açoita-cavalo 2331 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Pseudobombax grandiflorum Aubl. monguba 2332 AM 6,12,14 Pterygota brasiliensis (Cav.) A . Robyns embiruçu 2333 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Allemao pau-rei 2334 MA 6,12,13 Check List | Volume 7 | Issue 1 | 2011 004 Cysneiros et al. | Arboreal Eudicotyledons, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Table 1. Continued.

Phytogeographic Family and Species Common Name No Rbe References Domain Sterculia chicha ex Turpin Theobroma cacao A .St.-Hil. chichá 2335 MA 6,12,13,14 Melastomataceae L. cacau 2336 AM 6 Tibouchina granulosa Meliaceae (Desr.) Cogn. quaresmeira 2603 MA 6,12 Cedrela odorata Guarea guidonia L. cedro 2369 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,14 Khaya grandifoliola (L.) Sleumer carrapeta 2370 CE,MA 4,6,12,13 Melia azedarach C.DC. mogno-africano 2612 EX 8 Swietenia macrophylla L. cinamomo 2371 EX 7 Moraceae R.A.King mogno 2613 AM 6,17 Artocarpus heterophyllus Ficus benjamina Lam. jaca-manteiga 2368 EX 7,14 Morus alba L. ficus-benjamina 2614 EX 7 Myrtaceae L. amoreira 1903 EX 7 Callistemon viminalis ex ex Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Sol. Gaertn) G. Don .Loud rabo-de-cotia 2362 EX 7 Eugenia brasiliensis O. Berg gabiroba 1905 CA,CE,MA 6,13 Eugenia uniflora pitanga Lam. grumixama 2366 CA,MA 6,12,13 Psidium guajava L. 2364 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Psidium cattleianum L. goiabeira 2365 CA,CE,MA 6,12,13 Syzygium cumini Sabine. araçá 2361 MA 6,13 Syzygium malaccense (L.) Skeels jamelão 2367 EX 7 (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry jambo 2363 EX 7,14 Phytolaccaceae L. carambola 2360 EX 7 Gallesia integrifólia Polygonaceae (Spreng.) Harms. pau-d’alho 2356 AM,CA,CE,MA 3,4,6,13 Triplaris americana Rhamnaceae L. pau-formiga 2027 CA,CE,MA 6,13 Colubrina glandulosa Perkins Rosaceae sobrasil 2602 AM,CE,MA 6,12,13,16 Eriobotrya japonica nêspera Rubiaceae (Thunb.) Lindl. 2354 EX 7 Genipa americana Rutaceae L. jenipapo 2352 AM,CA,CE,MA 6,12,13,14 Metrodorea nigra A.St.- Hil. 2615 CE,MA 6,13 Cupania oblongifolia saponaria Mart. camboatã 2349 CE,MA 6,12,13,16 esculenta L. saboneteiro 2350 CE 4,6,13 Sapotaceae Radlk. pitombeira 2351 CE,MA 4,6,13 Manilkara subsericea Syderoxylum obtusifolium (Mart.) Dubard maçaranduba 2616 MA 6,13,14 Urticaceae (Roem. & Schult.) T.D.Penn quixaba 2618 AM,CE 6,12,13 Cecropia lyratiloba Verbenaceae Miq. embaúba 2358 MA 11 Gmelina arborea ex

Roxb. Sm. guimelina 2359 EX 7

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Acknowledgments: Árvores exóticas no Brasil: madeireiras, ornamentais e aromáticas. The authors are grateful to the UFRRJ Botanical Lorenzi, H., H. M. Souza, M. A. V. Torres and L. B. Bacher. 2003. Garden employees for help during the study; to Prof. Dr. Áurea Echevarria In São and to the UFRRJ “Decanato de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação” for financial Paulo: Instituto Plantarum.Plant Resource 368 p. of tropical Africa (Series) 7(1). support; to Dr. Haroldo Cavalcante Lima and Dr. Rejane Gomes for species Louppe, D. 2008. Meliaceae; p. 329-333 D. Louppe, A.A. Oteng-Amoako identification; to Pollyanna Rodrigues and Joaquim Mendonça Junior for and M. Brink (ed.). Swartzia helping in the field work. Wageningen: Prota Foundation. Literature Cited Mansano,Rodriguésia V.F. and J.R. Lima. 2007. O gênero Schreb. (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae)Dendrologia das no EstadoAngiospermas: do Rio Leguminosas de Janeiro.. 58: 469-483. APG (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group) . Botanical II. 2003. 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