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Diseño De Herramienta Para Detectar Usuarios Depredadores En Facebook Paola Andrea Valens Orejuela Universidad De San Buenavent

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Diseño De Herramienta Para Detectar Usuarios Depredadores En Facebook Paola Andrea Valens Orejuela Universidad De San Buenavent DISEÑO DE HERRAMIENTA PARA DETECTAR USUARIOS DEPREDADORES EN FACEBOOK PAOLA ANDREA VALENS OREJUELA UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN BUENAVENTURA CALI INGENIERÍA MULTIMEDIA CALI 2016 DISEÑO DE HERRAMIENTA PARA DETECTAR USUARIOS DEPREDADORES EN FACEBOOK PAOLA ANDREA VALENS OREJUELA TRABAJO DE GRADO PARA OPTAR POR EL TÍTULO DE INGENIERA MULTIMEDIA PABLO ANIBAL BEJARANO DE LA HOZ DOCENTE UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN BUENAVENTURA CALI INGENIERÍA MULTIMEDIA CALI 2016 2 Nota de Aceptación Presidente del Jurado Jurado Jurado Cali, 1 de Julio de 2016 3 Dedico este trabajo a todas aquellas personas que creyeron en mí y me apoyaron incondicionalmente en este largo camino. 4 AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco primeramente a Dios por darme la sabiduría, la fe y el entendimiento para no desistir en los momentos de desesperación, porque él en su palabra me dijo: " Mira que te mando que te esfuerces y seas valiente; no temas ni desmayes, porque Jehová tu Dios estará contigo en dondequiera que vayas." 1 Infinitas gracias doy a mi madre que ha sido el motor que me impulsa a seguir día a día, quien me ha acompañado en cada paso de este largo camino, a toda mi familia por el amor y el apoyo incondicional, a mis amigos que de una u otra manera hicieron parte de este gran logro, a todos aquellos educadores que me brindaron su guía y conocimiento en pro de la realización de proyecto y de mi formación personal y profesional, en especial un profundo agradecimiento a mi decano Mario Julián Mora, mi director de carrera Andrés Mauricio Calderón y a mi director de tesis Pablo Aníbal Bejarano por ser parte fundamental de este proyecto que hoy culmino. 1 Santa Biblia Reina Valera. 1602 ed. Editorial Santa Biblia. 1569. Josué 1:9. 5 CONTENIDO Contenido 1. INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................... 13 2. PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA .................................................... 16 2.1 DESK RESEARCH .............................................................................. 17 2.2 ENCUESTA ......................................................................................... 22 2.3 ANTECEDENTES ................................................................................ 22 2.4 IDENTIFICACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA: .................................................. 23 3. ANÁLISIS E IDEACIÓN ......................................................................... 24 3.1 ANÁLISIS DE LA ENCUESTA ........................................................... 24 3.2 ANÁLISIS DE CASOS ......................................................................... 26 3.3 IDEACIÓN............................................................................................ 28 4. JUSTIFICACIÓN .................................................................................... 30 5. OBJETIVOS ........................................................................................... 35 5.1 OBJETIVO GENERAL ......................................................................... 35 5.2 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS ............................................................... 35 6. ACTA DEL PROYECTO ......................................................................... 36 6.1 ÁRBOL DE PROBLEMAS ................................................................... 36 7. MATRIZ DE MARCO LÓGICO ............................................................... 39 8. ESTRUCTURA DE DESCOMPOSICIÓN DEL TRABAJO ..................... 44 9. DEFINICIÓN DEL EQUIPO DE TRABAJO ........................................... 47 10. CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES .................................................. 49 11. RUTA CRITICA................................................................................... 54 12. DESARROLLO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN .............................................. 55 13.1 DESARROLLO DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN .......................................... 55 13.1.1 TEORÍA DE LA COMUNICACIÓN ............................................... 55 13.1.2 TEORÍA DE GRAFOS ................................................................. 57 13.1.3 TEORÍA DE UN MUNDO PEQUEÑO .......................................... 58 13.1.4 RED ............................................................................................. 58 13.1.5 REDES SOCIALES ...................................................................... 59 6 13.1.5.1 TIPOS DE REDES SOCIALES ............................................... 62 13.1.6 FORMAS DE COMUNICACIÓN EN REDES SOCIALES ............ 63 13.1.7 TIPOS DE CONTENIDOS ........................................................... 64 13.1.8 USUARIOS EN REDES SOCIALES ............................................ 65 13.1.9 TIPOS DE USUARIOS Y COMPORTAMIENTOS EN LAS REDES SOCIALES ............................................................................................. 65 13.1.10 USUARIOS DEPREDADORES ................................................. 70 13.1.11 CONDUCTAS DE ALTO RIESGO DE VÍCTIMAS ...................... 73 13.1.12 PATRONES IDENTIFICADOS EN UN DEPREDADOR ............. 73 13.1.13 ALGORITMOS ........................................................................... 75 13. DISEÑO DE LA HERRAMIENTA........................................................ 78 14.1 CONSIDERACIONES DE DISEÑO .................................................... 78 14.2TABLA DE RIESGOS ......................................................................... 80 14.3 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL ALGORITMO .................................................... 84 14. EVALUACIÓN DEL PROTOTIPO....................................................... 92 15. CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................. 114 16. TRABAJOS FUTUROS .................................................................... 115 17. REFERENCIAS ................................................................................ 116 18. BIBLIOGRAFÍA ................................................................................ 119 19. ANEXOS ........................................................................................... 121 20.1 ENCUESTA ..................................................................................... 121 7 LISTA DE TABLAS Pág Tabla 1. Carta del proyecto 37 Tabla 2. Matriz de marco lógico 39 Tabla 3. Descripción del EDT 44 Tabla 4. Descripción del equipo de trabajo 47 Tabla 5. Cronograma de Actividades 49 Tabla 6. Tabla de riesgos 80 Tabla 7. Tabulado de puntajes 93 Tabla 8. Tabulados de usuarios identificados con FR 105 8 LISTA DE GRÁFICAS Pág Gráfica 1. Estadísticas de usuarios en redes sociales 2016. 17 Grafica 2. Representación de puntajes patrón de comportamiento 98 Gráfica 3. Representación de puntajes patrón de seguimiento 100 Gráfica 4. PS1 101 Gráfica 5. PS2 102 Gráfica 6. PS3 103 Gráfica 7. Representación puntaje de interacción 104 Gráfica 8. Representación de puntajes de usuarios identificados con FR 107 Gráfica 9. Representación del puntaje total 109 9 LISTA DE FIGURAS Pág Figura 1. Árbol de problemas 36 Figura 2. Grafico del EDT 44 Figura 3. Ruta crítica 54 Figura 4. Estructura de grafos 58 Figura 5. Representación del ítem 1 84 Figura 6. Representación del ítem 2 88 Figura 7. Representación del ítem 3 90 Figura 8. Representación del ítem 4 91 10 LISTA DE ANEXOS Pág Anexo A. Encuesta 121 Anexo B. Test de validación 125 11 RESUMEN El presente proyecto fue realizado en la ciudad de Cali con el fin de diseñar una herramienta que contribuya a la prevención del acoso y la depredación sexual en Facebook, Proponiendo una opción para la detección temprana de dichos riesgos. Este proyecto contiene una investigación clave para la caracterización de los usuarios en Facebook, y una descripción completa sobre los usuarios depredadores, sus comportamientos y patrones característicos en el modus operandi, cuenta también con la descripción del diseño de la herramienta propuesta, la realización de un prototipo y la evaluación de los resultados. PALABRAS CLAVE: Redes sociales, Facebook, depredadores, usuarios, algoritmos, DeepFace, patrones, comportamiento, acoso, ciberdelincuencia. 12 1. INTRODUCCIÓN Los avances tecnológicos han marcado profundamente las etapas del ser humano, cambiando su forma tanto de vivir, de alimentarse, trabajar y hasta de comunicarse, incorporando nuevos medios que facilitan la interacción con diferentes personas alrededor del mundo. Teléfonos, computadoras, celulares, tablets etc. Elementos que avanzan cada vez más para brindarle a los consumidores un mejor rendimiento, mejor calidad, tener a la mano la última tecnología, con estos nuevos elementos se incorporan a ellos aplicaciones de todo tipo, editores de fotos, juegos, chats, video chats, redes sociales entre otras. La comunicación se determina como una conducta del ser humano para emitir y recibir mensajes por medio de un canal (Carta, radio, televisión etc). La conducta es entendida como un acto de influencia, entonces se puede decir que la comunicación es un proceso de influencia recíproca y constante entre uno o más actores. Con la introducción de las nuevas tecnologías los medios de comunicación se han vuelto más amplios para brindar una mejor experiencia y en tiempo real. Como parte de esta ampliación se introducen las redes sociales las cuales aportan un valor agregado para la comunicación en línea. Las redes sociales son plataformas virtuales con perfiles personalizables donde los usuarios cuentan con la posibilidad de crear nuevas relaciones interpersonales, laborales y amorosas; también han dado paso para reencontrarse con personas con las que se
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