Kučić, M. Inventarizacija Favne Morskih Mehkužcev ... Lošinjsko

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Kučić, M. Inventarizacija Favne Morskih Mehkužcev ... Lošinjsko UNIVERZA NA PRIMORSKEM FAKULTETA ZA MATEMATIKO, NARAVOSLOVJE IN 2017 INFORMACIJSKE TEHNOLOGIJE MAGISTRSKO DELO INVENTARIZACIJA FAVNE MORSKIH MEHKUŽCEV (MOLLUSCA)LOŠINJSKO - CREŠKEGA ARHIPELAGA, HRVAŠKA MAGISTRSKO DELO MAGISTRSKO MIRTA KUČIĆ MIRTA KUČIĆ MIRTA UNIVERZA NA PRIMORSKEM FAKULTETA ZA MATEMATIKO, NARAVOSLOVJE IN INFORMACIJSKE TEHNOLOGIJE Magistrsko delo Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko -creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška (Check list of marine molluscs (Mollusca) of Lošinj- Cres archipelago, Croatia) Ime in priimek: Mirta Kučić Študijski program: Varstvo narave, 2. stopnja Mentor: prof. dr. Lovrenc Lipej Koper, 2017 Kučić, M. Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko -creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška. Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za matematiko, naravoslovje in informacijske tehnologije, 2017 II Ključna dokumentacijska informacija Ime in PRIIMEK: Mirta KUČIĆ Naslov magistrskega dela: Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko - creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška Kraj: Koper Leto: 2017 Število listov: 57 Število slik: 8 Število tabel: 8 Število prilog: 11 Št. strani prilog: 53 Število referenc: 117 Mentor: prof. dr. Lovrenc Lipej UDK: 594(497.572)(043.2) Ključne besede: Mollusca, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora, Lošinjsko - creški arhipelago, Jadransko morje IZVLEČEK Z namenom inventarizacije mehkužcev Lošinjsko - creškega arhipelaga sem opravila vzorčevanja malakofavne v letih 2014 in 2015 na območju sedmerice otokov (Cres, Lošinj, Susak, Ilovik, Unije, Sv. Petar, Vele Srakane). Z uporabo različnih tehnik vzorčevanja sem popisovala mehkužce (brez glavonožcev) od pršnega do cirkalitoralnega pasu na 51 vzorčevalnih postajah in v 29 različnih biocenozah. Na obravnavanem območju sem popisala 250 vrst mehkužcev, od tega 98 vrst morskih školjk, 147 vrst morskih polžev, 2 vrsti slonovih zobcev in 3 vrste hitonov. Na dveh postajah sem zabeležila prisotnost invazivne školjke Anadara transversa (Say, 1822), na eni postaji pa tujerodno vrsto Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793). Na obravnavanem območju sem zabeležila tudi nekatere strogo zaščitene vrste mehkužcev in sicer 4 vrste školjk in 3 vrst polžev Kučić, M. Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko -creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška. Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za matematiko, naravoslovje in informacijske tehnologije, 2017 III Key words documentation Name and SURNAME: Mirta KUČIĆ Title of the Master thesis: Check list of marine molluscs (Mollusca) of Lošinj- Cres archipelago, Croatia Place: Koper Year: 2017 Number of pages: 57 Number of figures: 8 Number of tables: 8 Number of appendix: 11 Number of appendix pages: 53 Number of references: 117 Mentor: Prof. Lovrenc Lipej, PhD UDK: 594(497.572)(043.2) Keywords: Mollusca, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora, Lošinj- Cres archipelago, Adriatic sea ABSTRACT A study on the malacofauna of the seven islands (Cres, Lošinj, Susak, Ilovik, Unije, Sv. Petar, Vele Srakane) of the Lošinj Cres archipelago was performed in 2014 and 2015. By using different sampling techniques I prepared a checklist of molusks (without cephalopods) from supralittoral to circalittoral stage at 51 sampoling stations and in 29 different biocoenoses. Altogether 250 mollusk species were found, 98 of them were marine bivalves, 147 gastropods, 3 polyplacophorans and 2 scaphopods. The invasive bivalve Anadara transversa (Say, 1822) was found at two sampling stations, whereas the alien bivalve Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) was recorded at one station. Some strictly protected mollusks were recorded at the investigated area such as 4 species of bivalves and three species of gastropods. Kučić, M. Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko -creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška. Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za matematiko, naravoslovje in informacijske tehnologije, 2017 IV ZAHVALA Zahvaljujem se mom dragom mentoru prof. dr. Lovrencu Lipeju koji mi je nesebično posvetio vrijeme te me uz brojne savjete i ideje usmjerio u izradi ovog zanimljivog magistarskog rada. Veliko hvala mojim voljenim roditeljima te baki i dedi što su mi omogučili studiranje u Sloveniji te na beskrajnom razumijevanju i neprocjenjivo važnoj potpori tijekom svih godina studiranja. Zahvaljujem se dragom zaljubljeniku u more, Leu Lanča na pomoći pri prikupljanju podataka i istraživanju mekušaca Lošinjsko Creskog arhipelaga te cijeloj njegovoj obitelji na podršci i razumijevanju. Zahvaljujem se dragom gospodinu Jakovu Prkiću što je podijelio znanje i iskustvo samnom vezano uz istraživanje mekušaca te na svim ustupljenim podacima o mekušcima u Jadranu. Zahvaljujem se profesoru i prijatelju Bojanu Lazaru koji me svojim predavanjem na preddiplomskom studiju u Rovinju potaknuo na daljnje studiranje na Famnit-u, na smjeru Varstvo narave gdje sam tijekom fakultetskog obrazovanja provela dvije nezaboravne godine i stekla mnoga poznanstva i prijateljstva. Ovim putem se zahvaljujem i cijeloj vrijednoj i susretljivoj ekipi Famnit-a. Zahvaljujem se gospođi Vesni Štamol što mi je omogučila pristup malakološkoj zbirci prirodoslovca Spiridona Brusine u sklopu Prirodoslovnog muzeja u Zagrebu. Također, zahvaljujem se rodbini i prijateljima što su uvijek bili uz mene i ohrabrivali me tijekom studiranja te ga učinili lakšim, lijepšim i zabavnim. Kučić, M. Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko -creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška. Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za matematiko, naravoslovje in informacijske tehnologije, 2017 II KAZALO VSEBINE 1 UVOD ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 NAMEN IN CILJI RAZISKAVE ......................................................................... 1 1.2 OBRAVNAVANO OBMOČJE ............................................................................ 2 2 MATERIAL IN METODE ............................................................................................ 8 2.1 VZORČENJE MEHKUŽCEV .............................................................................. 8 2.1.1 Vzorčenje v supralitoralu .............................................................................. 8 2.1.2 Vzorčenje v infralitoralu .................................................................................9 2.1.3 Vzorčenje v cirkalitoralu..................................................................................9 2.2 PREISKAVA MATERIALA ...............................................................................9 2.3 DOLOČEVANJE VRST...................................................................................... 9 2.4 SHRANJEVANJE................................................................................................9 2.4.1 Taksonomski popis....................................................................................... 10 2.4.2 Favnistični pregled (prilog)............................................................................10 2.4.3 Ekološki pregled ...........................................................................................11 2.4.3.1 Trofična struktura (tabela v prilogah).....................................................11 2.4.3.2 Zoogeografski pregled (tabela v prilogah)..............................................11 3 REZULTATI ...............................................................................................................12 3.1 POPIS MEHKUŽCEV .......................................................................................12 3.1.1 Bokoživčniki ali hitoni (Polyplacophora)......................................................12 3.1.2 Polži (Gastropoda) ........................................................................................12 3.1.3 Školjke (Bivalvia)......................................................................................... 20 3.1.4 Slonovi zobci (Scaphopoda) .........................................................................26 3.2 PREGLED VRST GLEDE NA OBREŽNE PASOVE IN BIOCENOZE .........26 3.3 PREGLED MEHKUŽCEV GLEDE NA PREHRANJEVALNE NAVADE ....29 3.4 PREGLED MEHKUŽCEV GLEDE NA ZOOGEOGRAFSKO RAZŠIRJENOST ............................................................................................................. 30 4 DISKUSIJA .................................................................................................................. 31 4.1 PRIMERNOST UPORABLJENIH VZORČEVALNIH TEHNIK ..................... 31 4.2 PRIMERJAVA Z DRUGIMI RAZISKAVAMI ................................................. 31 4.3 OPREDELITEV UGOTOVLJENIH VRST ....................................................... 44 Kučić, M. Inventarizacija favne morskih mehkužcev (Mollusca) Lošinjsko -creškega arhipelaga, Hrvaška. Univerza na Primorskem, Fakulteta za matematiko, naravoslovje in informacijske tehnologije, 2017 III 4.3.1 Komercialno pomembne vrste.......................................................................44 4.3.2 Ogrožene in zavarovane vrste .......................................................................45 4.4 EKOLOŠKA OPREDELITEV ..........................................................................46 4.5 POMEN ZBIRANJA MEKHUŽCEV IN MALAKOLOŠKIH ZBIRK.............47 5 ZAKLJUČEK.............................................................................................................. 48 6 LITERATURA ............................................................................................................. 49 Kučić, M. Inventarizacija favne morskih
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