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Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA § 360.100 reasons therefor. If the petition is de- PART 360—NOXIOUS WEED nied fully or in part, the petitioner REGULATIONS may then file a supplemental petition, but no supplemental petition shall be Sec. considered unless it is received within 360.100 Definitions. 60 days from the date of the Deputy 360.200 Designation of noxious weeds. Administrator’s notification con- 360.300 Notice of restrictions on movement cerning the original petition. The Dep- of noxious weeds. 360.301 Information required for applica- uty Administrator shall notify the pe- tions for permits to move noxious weeds. titioner in writing concerning the ac- 360.302 Consideration of applications for tion taken in response to the supple- permits to move noxious weeds. mental petition, and shall state the 360.303 Approval of an application for a per- reasons therefor. mit to move a noxious weed; conditions specified in permit. (Information collection requirements were 360.304 Denial of an application for a permit approved by the Office of Budget and Man- to move a noxious weed; cancelation of a agement under control number 0579–0076) permit to move a noxious weed. 360.305 Disposal of noxious weeds when per- § 356.8 Return procedure. mits are canceled. 360.400 Treatments. If, at the conclusion of proceedings, 360.500 Petitions to add a taxon to the nox- seized property is to be returned to the ious weed list. person determined to be the owner or 360.501 Petitions to remove a taxon from the noxious weed lists. agent thereof, the Deputy Adminis- 360.600 Preemption of State and local laws. trator shall issue a letter or other doc- ument to the person determined to be AUTHORITY: 7 U.S.C. 7701–7772 and 7781–7786; 7 CFR 2.22, 2.80, and 371.3. owner or agent thereof authorizing its return. This letter shall be delivered § 360.100 Definitions. personally or sent by registered or cer- As used in this part, words in the sin- tified mail, return receipt requested, gular form shall be deemed to import and shall identify the person deter- the plural and vice versa, as the case mined to be the owner or agent, the may require. seized property, and if appropriate, the Administrator. The Administrator, bailee of the seized property. It shall Animal and Plant Health Inspection also provide that upon presentation of Service, or any individual authorized the letter or other document and prop- to act for the Administrator. er identification, and the signing of a APHIS. The Animal and Plant Health receipt provided by Plant Protection Inspection Service, United States De- and Quarantine, the seized property is partment of Agriculture. authorized to be released. Department. The U.S. Department of Agriculture. § 356.9 Filing of documents. Interstate. From one State into or (a) Any document required by this through any other State; or within the subpart to be filed or served within a District of Columbia, Guam, the Virgin certain period of time, will be consid- Islands of the United States, or any other territory or possession of the ered filed or served as of the time of re- United States. ceipt by the party with or upon whom Move. To carry, enter, import, mail, filing or service is required. ship, or transport; to aid, abet, cause, (b) Saturdays, Sundays, and federal or induce the carrying, entering, im- holidays shall be included in com- porting, mailing, shipping, or trans- puting the time allowed for the filing porting; to offer to carry, enter, im- or serving of any document or paper; port, mail, ship, or transport; to re- except that when such time expires on ceive to carry, enter, import, mail, a Saturday, Sunday or federal holiday, ship, or transport; to release into the such period shall be extended to in- environment; or to allow any of the ac- clude the next following business day. tivities described in this definition. Noxious weed. Any plant or plant product that can directly or indirectly 483 VerDate Mar<15>2010 12:45 Feb 10, 2011 Jkt 223016 PO 00000 Frm 00493 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\223016.XXX 223016 jdjones on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with CFR § 360.200 7 CFR Ch. III (1–1–11 Edition) injure or cause damage to crops (in- prevent their introduction into the cluding nursery stock or plant prod- United States or their dissemination ucts), livestock, poultry, or other in- within the United States: terests of agriculture, irrigation, navi- (a) Aquatic and wetland weeds: gation, the natural resources of the Azolla pinnata R. Brown (mosquito fern, United States, the public health, or the water velvet) environment. Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Agardh, Medi- Permit. A written authorization, in- terranean strain (killer algae) cluding by electronic methods, by the Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth Administrator to move plants, plant Hydrilla verticillata (Linnaeus f.) Royle products, biological control organisms, (hydrilla) plant pests, noxious weeds, or articles Hygrophila polysperma T. Anderson (Miramar under conditions prescribed by the Ad- weed) Ipomoea aquatica Forsskal (water-spinach, ministrator. swamp morning-glory) Person. Any individual, partnership, Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) Moss corporation, association, joint venture, Limnophila sessiliflora (Vahl) Blume or other legal entity. (ambulia) Plant Protection and Quarantine Pro- Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cavanilles) S.T. grams. The Plant Protection and Quar- Blake antine Programs, Animal and Plant Monochoria hastata (Linnaeus) Solms- Health Inspection Service of the De- Laubach Monochoria vaginalis (Burman f.) C. Presl partment. Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers. Responsible person. The person who Sagittaria sagittifolia Linnaeus (arrowhead) has control over and will maintain con- Salvinia auriculata Aublet (giant salvinia) trol over the movement of the noxious Salvinia biloba Raddi (giant salvinia) weed and assure that all conditions Salvinia herzogii de la Sota (giant salvinia) contained in the permit and require- Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (giant salvinia) ments in this part are complied with. A Solanum tampicense Dunal (wetland nightshade) responsible person must be at least 18 Sparganium erectum Linnaeus (exotic bur- years of age and must be a legal resi- reed) dent of the United States or designate an agent who is at least 18 years of age (b) Parasitic weeds: and a legal resident of the United Aeginetia spp. States. Alectra spp. State. Any of the several States of the Cuscuta spp. (dodders), other than following United States, the Commonwealth of species: the Northern Mariana Islands, the Cuscuta americana Linnaeus Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Cuscuta applanata Engelmann Cuscuta approximata Babington District of Columbia, Guam, the Virgin Cuscuta attenuata Waterfall Islands of the United States, or any Cuscuta boldinghii Urban other territory or possession of the Cuscuta brachycalyx (Yuncker) Yuncker United States. Cuscuta californica Hooker & Arnott Taxon (taxa). Any grouping within Cuscuta campestris Yuncker botanical nomenclature, such as fam- Cuscuta cassytoides Nees ex Engelmann ily, genus, species, or cultivar. Cuscuta ceanothi Behr Through the United States. From and Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelmann Cuscuta compacta Jussieu to places outside the United States. Cuscuta coryli Engelmann United States. All of the States. Cuscuta cuspidata Engelmann [41 FR 49988, Nov. 12, 1976, as amended at 75 Cuscuta decipiens Yuncker FR 68953, Nov. 102, 2010] Cuscuta dentatasquamata Yuncker § 360.200 Designation of noxious scientific names to help identify the weeds weeds. represented by such scientific names; how- The Administrator has determined ever, a scientific name is intended to include that it is necessary to designate the all subordinate taxa within the taxon. For example, taxa listed at the genus level in- 1 following plants as noxious weeds to clude all species, subspecies, varieties, and forms within the genus; taxa listed at the 1 One or more of the common names of species level include all subspecies, varieties, weeds are given in parentheses after most and forms within the species. 484 VerDate Mar<15>2010 12:45 Feb 10, 2011 Jkt 223016 PO 00000 Frm 00494 Fmt 8010 Sfmt 8010 Y:\SGML\223016.XXX 223016 jdjones on DSKHWCL6B1PROD with CFR Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA § 360.200 Cuscuta denticulata Engelmann Avena sterilis Linnaeus (including Avena Cuscuta epilinum Weihe ludoviciana Durieu) (animated oat, wild Cuscuta epithymum (Linnaeus) Linnaeus oat) Cuscuta erosa Yuncker Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieberstein (wild Cuscuta europaea Linnaeus safflower) Cuscuta exaltata Engelmann Chrysopogon aciculatus (Retzius) Trinius Cuscuta fasciculata Yuncker (pilipiliula) Cuscuta glabrior (Engelmann) Yuncker Commelina benghalensis Linnaeus (Benghal Cuscuta globulosa Bentham dayflower) Cuscuta glomerata Choisy Crupina vulgaris Cassini (common crupina) Cuscuta gronovii Willdenow Digitaria abyssinica (Hochstetter ex A. Rich- Cuscuta harperi Small ard) Stapf (African couchgrass, Cuscuta howelliana Rubtzoff fingergrass) Cuscuta indecora Choisy Digitaria velutina (Forsskal) Palisot de Cuscuta leptantha Engelmann Beauvois (velvet fingergrass, annual Cuscuta mitriformis Engelmann couchgrass) Cuscuta obtusiflora Kunth Drymaria arenariodes Humboldt & Bonpland Cuscuta odontolepis Engelmann ex J.A. Schultes (lightning weed) Cuscuta pentagona Engelmann Emex australis Steinheil (three-cornered jack) Cuscuta planiflora Tenore Emex spinosa (Linnaeus) Campdera (devil’s Cuscuta plattensis A. Nelson thorn) Cuscuta polygonorum Engelmann Euphorbia terracina Linnaeus (false caper, Cuscuta
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    Tropical Soda Apple Identification and Control ► This Invasive Plant Can Greatly Reduce Forage Productivity

    FORESTRY & WILDLIFE Tropical Soda Apple Identification and Control ► This invasive plant can greatly reduce forage productivity. Learn important measures you can take to prevent its spread. Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum), also referred to as TSA, is a non-native, invasive weed that forms very dense infestations, especially in pastures. Forage productivity can be greatly reduced as a result. It is also a host of several diseases and pests of commercial crops. Listed by the USDA as a federal noxious weed, TSA was nearly eliminated across the state a decade ago through a federally funded eradication program. With termination of program funding, however, reports of TSA infestation are on the rise. For producers, timely identification and control of this invader will help to prevent its spread and protect your forage. Figure 2. Tropical soda apple flowers have five separate white petals that curl back with age. The leaves and stems have large prickles. How do I identify tropical soda apple? ■ Leaves: 4 to 6 inches long and 2 to 6 inches wide, There are several species in the nightshade genus shallowly lobed with dense, sticky pubescence (Solanum) that might be confused with TSA. The (velvety hair) on both sides, large prickles (½ to most common look-alike is Carolina horsenettle (S. 1 inch) occur along the midveins on the upper carolinense). TSA looks a bit like Carolina horsenettle and lower surfaces of leaves and along the stem. on steroids—the plants, leaves, thorns, and fruit are all Carolina horsenettle leaves tend to be more narrow bigger. and the prickles are much smaller and only on veins Following are key features to help you identify tropical on the bottom surface of the leaves.
  • Mineral and Anti-Nutritional Contents of Niger Seed (Guizotia Abyssinica (L.F.) Cass., Linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) and Sesam

    Mineral and Anti-Nutritional Contents of Niger Seed (Guizotia Abyssinica (L.F.) Cass., Linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) and Sesam

    foods Article Mineral and Anti-Nutritional Contents of Niger Seed (Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass., Linseed (Linumusitatissimum L.) and Sesame (Sesamumindicum L.) Varieties Grown in Ethiopia Tesfaye Deme 1,2,*, Gulelat D. Haki 3, Nigussie Retta 1, Ashagrie Woldegiorgis 1 and Mulatu Geleta 4 1 Center for Food Science and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; [email protected] (N.R.); [email protected] (A.W.) 2 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jigjiga University, Box 1020, Jigjiga, Ethiopia 3 Department of Food Science and Technology, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Private Bag 0027, Gaborone, Botswana; [email protected] 4 Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 101, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +251-911-542689 Academic Editor: Marina Carcea Received: 14 February 2017; Accepted: 30 March 2017; Published: 1 April 2017 Abstract: Oilseeds are rich sources of micronutrients and contribute to combating malnutrition caused by micronutrient deficiency. The objective of this study was to investigate the mineral and anti-nutritional contents of different varieties of niger seed, linseed and sesame. Five niger seed, eight linseed and ten sesame varieties were used. Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used for mineral analysis and the standard method was adopted to estimate tannin and phytate. Twelve mineral elements; Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, S, Se and Zn were analyzed for each oilseed variety. In niger seed, phosphorous was the most abundant mineral element ranging from 661 to 867 mg/100 g and selenium was the least, ranging from 0.1 to 0.33 mg/100 g.