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Suriye Krizi Faaliyet Raporu 2016 MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES SINIR TANIMAYAN DOKTORLAR SURİYE KRİZİ FAALİYET RAPORU 2016 www.msf.org www.sinirtanimayandoktorlar.org İÇİNDEKİLER 1 GİRİŞ 4 TÜRKİYE VE SURİYE’DEKİ FAALİYETLER 4 SURİYE KRİZİ 6 TÜRKİYE’DE YÜRÜTÜLEN FAALİYETLER 8 SURİYE’DE YÜRÜTÜLEN FAALİYETLER 16 SURİYE’DE MSF TARAFINDAN DESTEKLENEN HASTANELER www.msf.org www.sinirtanimayandoktorlar.org [email protected] MSFTurkiye MSF_Turkiye Kapak Fotoğrafı MSF_Turkiye Mahmoud Abdel-rahman/MSF MSF Turkiye BASKI: MART 2017 gİrİş GİRİŞ Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar (MSF) kar geçirir ve yalnızca savunmasız amacı gütmeyen ve bağımsız bir toplulukların ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda (Médecins Sans Frontières dernek olarak tüm insanların dil, din, çalışmalar yapar. Bireysel bağışlar, - MSF), silahlı çatışma, ırk, toplumsal cinsiyet ve siyasi görüş- fon sağlayan kurum ve kuruluşlardan salgın hastalık ve doğal afet lerine bakılmaksızın sağlık hizmetlerine bağımsız hareket edebilmemizi sağlar. durumlarından etkilenen erişiminin sağlanması temel ilkesiyle 2015 yılında MSF’nin bütçesinin %92’si ve tıbbi ihtiyaçların sınırlardan önce yaklaşık 6 milyon destekçisi tarafından veya sağlık hizmetlerinden geldiği anlayışıyla 1971 yılında kuruldu. sağlanmış ve 1,5 milyon euroya mahrum bırakılan insanlara Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar şu anda MSF ulaşmıştır. acil yardım hizmeti veren, Tüzüğü ve ilkelerine bağlı, çoğu yerel MSF, yoksulluğun insanların nitelikli uluslararası bir bağımsız çalışanlardan oluşan 35.000 sağlık sağlık hizmetlerine erişimini engelle- tıbbi insani yardım çalışanı, lojistik ve idari personeliyle memesi gerektiği inancıyla hastalarına dünyanın yaklaşık 70 ülkesinde faaliyet sunduğu sağlık hizmetlerinin kalitesini kuruluşudur. MSF; dil, din, ırk, gösteren bir harekettir. artırmayı ve tıbbi uygulamalarını sürekli toplumsal cinsiyet ve siyasi MSF'nin faaliyetleri tıp etiği, bağım- geliştirmeyi hedefler. MSF, tıbbi ve görüş ayrımı gözetmeksizin sızlık ve tarafsızlık ilkelerini temel alır. insani yardım alanındaki çalışmala- yalnızca ihtiyaca dayalı MSF insani yardım ilkelerine bağlılığını rından dolayı çok sayıda prestijli ödüle bireysel bağışçıları sayesinde hayata layık görülmüş ve 1999 yılında Nobel olarak sağlık hizmeti sunar. Barış Ödülü ile onurlandırılmıştır. © MSF Kuşatma altındaki Doğu Halep’te bir hastanede abisi 9 yaşındaki Abdul Hadi’ye sarılmış. Abdul Hadi evinin kapısının önünde oynarken düşen bomba nedeniyle başından yaralandı. Hafızasını kaybetti ve artık kendi kendine yemek yiyemiyor. Abdul Hadi ile ilgilenen sağlık çalışanı, tomografi çektirmesi gerektiğini söylüyor, ancak Doğu Halep’te tomografi cihazı bulunmuyor. İleri düzey bir bakım görmesi için başka bir yere sevk edilmesi de mümkün değil, çünkü şehrin çıkışları tamamen kapatılmış durumda. Suriye Krizi Faaliyet Raporu 2016 1 gİrİş MSF TÜZÜĞÜ Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar (MSF), ağırlıklı olarak doktor ve sağlık çalışanlarından oluşan uluslararası bir sivil toplum kuruluşudur. Dünya çapındaki faaliyetlerini etkin bir şekilde yürütebilmek için sağlık personelinin yanı sıra diğer meslek gruplarına da ihtiyaç duyar. Tüm MSF üyeleri aşağıda belirtilen ilkeleri benimsemekle yükümlüdür: • MSF, zor durumdaki insan topluluklarına, doğal veya insan kaynaklı afet mağdurlarına ve silahlı gru- plar tarafından şiddete maruz kalmış kişilere, ırk, din, köken ve siyasi görüş ayrımı gözetmeksizin yardım ve destek sağlar. • MSF, evrensel tıp etiği ve bireylerin insani yardım alma hakkı adına, tarafsızlık ve objektiflik ilkelerine sıkı sıkıya bağlıdır; faaliyetlerinin sağlıklı biçimde yürütülmesi için özgür çalışma koşulları talep eder. • Üyelerimiz, mesleki ahlak kurallarına riayet etmenin yanı sıra; her türlü siyasi, ekonomik ve dini güç odaklarından bağımsız duruşlarını korumakla yükümlüdür. • MSF'ye gönül veren saha çalışanları, üstlendikleri görevlerin risklerini ve tehlikelerini anlamalı ve bu seçimi yaptıkları için MSF’nin kendilerine sağladığı imkanlar dışında herhangi bir ödülü veya karşılığı kabul etmemelidir. © MSF Ma’arat Al Numan’da bulunan MSF-destekli hastane 15 şubat 2016’da saldırıya uğrayıp yok edildi. Saldırı sonucunda en az 7 kişi öldü, hala kayıp olan 8 kişinin ise öldüğü tahmin ediliyor. 30 yatak kapasiteli bu hastanenin 54 çalışanı, 2 ameliyathanesi, bir ayakta tedavi birimi ve acil servisi bulunuyordu. Ayakta tedavi servisinde ayda ortalama 1.500 hastaya bakılıyor, acil serviste ayda ortalama 1.100 konsültasyon hizmeti veriliyor, ameliyathanelerde ise ayda ortalama (çoğu ortopedik ve genel cerrahi olmak üzere) 140 ameliyat yapılıyordu. 2 Sınır Tanımayan Doktorlar gİrİş MSF olarak çalışmalarımız,herhangi bir coğrafi sınırlama ya da önceliklendirme olmaksızın kriz bölgele rinde bulunan © MSF insanların en acil sağlık ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasına dayanıyor. Bir program başlatmadan önce ilk olarak tıbbi ihtiyaçların belirlenmesi için bağımsız değerlendirme yapıyoruz. Yapılacak yardımın analizini yaparken sürekli olarak varlığımızın nasıl bir katkı sunabileceğini sorguluyoruz. Birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleri, ruh sağlığı desteği, acil ve cerrahi müdahaleler, aşılama kampanyaları, beslenme ve sağlık merkezlerinin kurulması ve yönetilmesi, su ve sanitasyon temini, insani yardım malzemesi ve barınak yardımı gibi çalışmalarımızın yönetimi ve uygulanması program süresince doğrudan ekiplerimiz tarafından yürütülüyor. 2011'den bu yana eşi görülmemiş Eski bir tavuk çiftliği şu anda MSF'nin geçici hastanesi olarak kullanılıyor. Fotoğrafta bir insani krize sahne olan Suriye de, steril koşullar yaratılması için kurulmuş bir şişme ameliyathane görülüyor. milyonlarca insanın hayat kurtarıcı nitelikteki tıbbi ve insani yardıma vuruldu. Bu örnekte de görüldüğü mekle kalmıyor; aynı zamanda sınırları ihtiyaç duyduğu bölgelerden biri olarak üzere sivillere ve acil sağlık hizmetleri tamamen kapalı ya da büyük ölçüde MSF faaliyetlerinin odağında yer alıyor. çalışanlarına yönelik saldırılar kasıtlı sınırlı olan bu ülkenin içinde kalan Son yıllarda Suriyelilerin tecrübe etmek olarak gerçekleşiyor. diğer insanları da etkiliyor. Yaklaşık 5 zorunda kaldıkları şiddet tahayyül Suriye’deki sağlık sistemi her geçen milyon mülteciye ev sahipliği yapan edilemez boyutlara ulaştı. MSF olarak gün daha da kötüye gidiyor. Hastalar Türkiye, Ürdün, Irak ve Lübnan bugüne Suriyeli hastaların ve yerinden edilmiş her gün sağlık hizmetlerinden yarar- kadar mültecilere yardım sağlanmasına insanların bu zor dönemde hayatta lanabilmek için hayatlarını tehlikeye yönelik son derece önemli çalışmalar kalabilmeleri için ısrarlı çalışmalar atıyor. Sunulması gereken hizmetler ve yürüttü. Ancak hala binlerce insan yürütüyoruz, ancak bunu yaparken bakım büyük eksiklikler barındırıyor, Suriye'den çıkıp sığınabileceği bir ülke büyük zorluklarla karşılaşıyoruz. hukuk bu nedenle hastalar gereğinden bulmaya çalışıyor. Suriye'deki şiddet ilkelerini ihlal etmeyi sürdürüyor. Oysa fazla acı çekmek zorunda kalıyor sürerken, ülkelerin mültecilere sınırlarını insani yardım devletlerin ve savaşın ve tedavi sağlanamadığı için bazı kapatması, sınır kontrol çalışmalarını taraflarının çeşitli düzeylerde kullandığı hastalıklar ölümcül hale geliyor. Bazı dışsallaştırılması ya da insani yardım bir siyasi araç haline gelmemeli. Bu hastaların kamplardan ya da evlerinden girişine izin vermemesi kabul edilemez. nedenle MSF savaşın taraflarına çıkamamaları ölüm oranının takibini Oysa bugün devletler ve savaşan mağdurlara tıbbi insani yardım zorlaştırıyor. tarafların siyasi çıkarları, öne sürdükleri bürokratik engeller ile birlikte, ulaştırılmasına izin verilmesi yönündeki Çatışmaların başladığı 2011'den bu Suriyelilere tıbbi ve insani yardım çağrısını yineliyor. yana milyonlarca insan yerinden edildi sağlanmasını neredeyse imkansız hale 2011'den bu yana tıbbi bakıma ve ve şu anda geçici yerleşim alanlarında getirmiş bulunuyor. Çatışmayı sürdüren desteğe ihtiyaç duyan insanlara hizmet ya da kamplarda zorlu koşullar tarafların benimsediği yoğun şiddetin veren birçok sağlık çalışanı savaşta altında hayatlarına devam etmeye yanı sıra Suriye’nin yakın komşusu olan hayatını kaybetti. Ne yazık ki bu çalışıyorlar, ancak şiddet buralarda ülkelerin siyasi çıkarları ve bürokratik süreçte sağlık tesislerinin de savaşın da onları bulmaya devam ediyor. Öte engeller de Suriyelilere insani yardım taraflarınca sistematik olarak hedef yandan kuşatma altındaki bölgelerden ve tıbbi bakım ulaştırılmasını neredeyse haline getirildiğine ve yok edildiğine çıkamayan binlerce insan gıda ve imkansız hale getirdi. Çatışmaların tanık olduk. ilaç bulmakta zorlanıyor; güvenli bir yakın bir tarihte sona ermesi ve bölgeye ulaşamıyor ve sistematik 16 şubat 2016 sabahında Maarat Al gereken yardımın bölge halkına olarak savaşın farklı taraflarının hedefi Numan Hastanesi’ne yapılan hava kolaylıkla ulaştırılması ise yakın bir haline geliyor. güvenli bölgelere saldırısı sonucunda aralarında 1 MSF ihtimal olarak görünmüyor. çalışanının da bulunduğu 25 kişi öldü, ulaşmaya çalışan topluluklar ise, can MSF bu raporda Suriye içinde bulunan 11 kişi yaralandı. İlk saldırı sonrasında güvenlikleri hiçe sayılarak, çatışmayı sağlık ekiplerinin aldıkları risklere yardım etmek üzere alana gelenler sürdüren taraflarca siyasi çıkarlar rağmen ısrarla yürüttükleri tıbbi yardım ikinci hava saldırısının hedefi olurken doğrultusunda kullanılıyor. faaliyetlerini aktarıyor. hastaların sevk edildiği civardaki bir Savaş yalnızca kuşatma altında başka hastane ise üçüncü saldırıda bulunan bölgelerdeki insanları etkile- Suriye Krizi Faaliyet Raporu 2016 3 TÜrKİYE VE SUrİYE’DEKİ FAALİYETLEr TÜRKİYE VE SURİYE’DEKİ
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