DOCSLIB.ORG

1. Mirna INTRODUCTION………………….………..…………………………………...1 1.1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
1. Mirna INTRODUCTION………………….………..…………………………………...1 1.1 Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux Année 2013 Thèse n° 2073 THÈSE Pour le DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE BORDEAUX SEGALEN Mention : Science Biologique et Médicales Option : Neurosciences Présentée et soutenue publiquement Le 22 novembre 2013 Par Sara ELRAMAH Née le 17 Juin 1981 au Soudan Towards a Better Understanding of miRNA Function in Neuronal Plasticity: Implications in Synaptic Homeostasis and Maladaptive Plasticity in Bone Cancer Pain Condition MicroRNAs et Plasticité Neuronale: Rôle dans l’Homéostasie Synaptique et la Plasticité Dysfonctionnelle en Condition de Douleur Cancéreuse Membre du Jury : M. Martin Teichmann – Professeur - INSERM U869, Université Bordeaux Segalen, Président Mme. Marzia Malcangio – Professeur - King’s College of London, Rapporteur M. Alain Trembleau - Professeur - UMR CNRS 7102 – Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Rapporteur Mme. Valérie Fénelon - Professeur - INSERM U862 - Université Bordeaux 1, Examinateur Mme. Florence Rage - Docteur – UMR CNRS 5535 - Montpellier, Examinateur M. Alexandre Favereaux – Docteur – UMR CNRS 5297 - Université Bordeaux Segalen ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Three years of my life was not just about scientific degree, it has been a life experience that I learned a lot from.. It was challenging for me to start new domain in my PhD, and I was always thinking that this must be even more challenging for the thesis supervisor. I am grateful for everything Alexandre Favereaux taught me, and for the patience in doing it. Thank you.. I would like to thank Marc Landry for all the help and opportunities he gave me, but mostly, I would like to thank him for believing in me. This was so important for me to know from Marc as Marc and as head of the team. Many thanks for Frédéric Nagy and André Calas for their helpful comments and fruitful discussions. Christel Baudet; I am grateful for all the help you gave me with experiments. Thank you so much for your sincere concern, and the support you gave me during the 3 years. Thank you for listening. Thank you so much Rabia Benazzouz for the help, especially with organizing animal experiments. I am truly grateful for all the help Olivier Lapirot gave me. Even when he was super busy with projects and students, he always managed to cut a time explaining and helping me with experiments. Thank you… I would like to thank Yves Le Feuvre for the “electronic” help and for his enlightening discussions that participated significantly to this work. It will always be linked in my mind Bordeaux and Cherine Abd Alsalam I will always treasure the time we spent together. Thanks for everything Cheri.. The project was that you help me practicing the language, and you did you part perfectly. I am sorry that I am leaving 3 years later with the same vocabulary, yet, am so grateful for the nice evenings out. Thank you Fanny Farrugia for everything, you truly helped me. I can’t imagine a scenario of me doing PhD in Bordeaux without Petra Horakova. Thank you so much for been there. I don’t know what I would have done without your support. Amira Zaki and Ahmad Bassiouny; it has been a real pleasure meeting you. I really enjoyed my time in your company. Thank you so much Paul Robillard for the help with cell culture, you made my life easier. Marie Moftah; I don’t think I would have accomplished this work without you. Thank you for the opportunity. I would like to thank Matthieu Bastide for the efforts, and for his significant participation in this thesis’ projects. I would like to thank all master students who spent their internships in the lab during the 3 years. Especially I would like to thank Charline Kambrun and Alienor Ragot for their help. I would like to thank members of Nagy Team for the help they gave me to settle down, when I first arrived the city. I would like to thank members of Group Le Masson; especially, Virginie Roques, Vanessa Charrier, Claire Leger, Ludivine Allard, Alexia Roux. Importantly I would like to thank Jean-Marie Cabelguen for the nice discussions and the help he is always willing to give. My Family, I wanted to start mentioning my gratitude for each thing you did for me, I didn’t know whether I should start with thanking for listening, being by my side, support you gave me, looong phone calls, coping with the drama … this is going to be long list. I will just thank you for the unconditional love. If this work is considered an achievement, it’s yours as it is mine. If I asked to whom I would like to dedicate this work, it will be again and always to the beautiful souls of Tita and Hano. ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of small RNA molecules (21-25nt), with a central role in RNA silencing and interference. MiRNAs function as negative regulators of gene expression at the post- transcriptional level, by binding to specific sites on their targeted mRNAs. A process results in mRNA degradation or repression of productive translation. Because partial binding to target mRNA is enough to induce silencing, each miRNA has up to hundreds of targets. miRNAs have been shown to be involved in most, if not all, fundamental biological processes. Some of the most interesting examples of miRNA activity regulation are coming from neurons. Almost 50% of all identified miRNAs are expressed in the mammalian brain. Furthermore, miRNAs appear to be differentially distributed in distinct brain regions and neuron types. Importantly, miRNAs are reported to be differentially distributed at the sub-cellular level. Recently, miRNAs have been suggested to be involved in the local translation of neuronal compartments. This has been derived from the observations reporting the presence of miRNAs and the protein complexes involved in miRNA biogenesis and function in neuronal soma, dendrites, and axons. Deregulation of miRNAs has been shown to be implicated in pathological conditions. The present thesis aimed at deciphering the role of miRNA regulation in neuronal plasticity. Here we investigated the involvement of miRNA in synaptic plasticity, specifically in homeostatic synaptic plasticity mode. In addition, we investigated the involvement of miRNAs in the maladaptive nervous system state, specifically, in bone cancer pain condition. We hypothesized that local regulation of AMPA receptor translation in dendrites upon homeostatic synaptic scaling may involve miRNAs. Using bioinformatics, qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays, we identified several brain-specific miRNAs including miR-92a, targeting the 3’UTR of GluA1 mRNA. Immunostaining of AMPA receptors and recordings of miniature AMPA currents in primary neurons showed that miR-92a selectively regulates the synaptic incorporation of new GluA1- containing AMPA receptors during activity blockade. Pain is a very common symptom associated with cancer and is still a challenge for clinicians due to the lack of specific and effective treatments. This reflects the crucial lack of knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms responsible for cancer-related pain. Combining miRNA and mRNA screenings we were able to identify a regulatory pathway involving the nervous system-enriched miRNA, miR- 124. Thus, miR-124 downregulation was associated with an upregulation of its predicted targets, Calpain 1, Synaptopodin and Tropomyosin 4 in a cancer-pain model in mice. All these targets have been previously identified as key proteins for the synapse function and plasticity. Clinical pertinence of this finding was assessed by the screening of cerebrospinal fluid from cancer patient suffering from pain who presented also a downregulation of miR-124, strongly suggesting miR-124 as a therapeutic target. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-124 exerts a multi-target inhibition on Calpain 1, Synaptopodin and Tropomyosin 4. In addition, intrathecal injection of miR-124 was able to normalize the Synaptopodin expression and to alleviate the initial phase of cancer pain in mice. INDEX 1. MiRNA INTRODUCTION………………….………..…………………………………...1 1.1. MiRNAs Genome………………………………………………….………….…...5 1.2. MiRNAs Biogenesis………………………………….……………………………7 1.3. MiRNA:Target mRNA Recognition……………….…………………………….13 1.3.1 MiRNA:Target mRNA Binding Sites……..……………………………16 1.3.2 MiRNA:Target Interaction (∆G)…………………………….………….19 1.3.3 MiRNA:Target Interaction (G:U Wobble base pairs)………......………19 1.3.4 Additional Features Influencing Site Efficacy………………………….19 1.3.5 MiRNA Targeting Coding Regions and 5’UTR………………......……20 1.3.6 MiRNAs Target Multiplicity…………………………..……..……..…..21 1.3.7 Multiple Target Sites Synergistic effect…………………..………….…22 1.3.8 MiRNA Non-conserved Target Sites………………………………....…23 1.3.9 Approaches for Target Recognition……………………....……………..23 1.4 MiRNAs’ Modes of Regulation………………………….………………….……24 1.4.1 Translational Repression…………………….………………………….26 1.4.1.1 Inhibition at Pre-Initiation Stage……………….…….……….26 1.4.1.2 Repression at Post-Translation Initiation Stage……..….……..27 1.4.1.2.1 Co-translational Protein Degradation………….……28 1.4.1.2.2 Inhibition of Translation Elongation………….…..…29 1.4.1.2.3 Premature Termination & Ribosome Drop-off…...…29 1.4.2 Target Degradation………………………………………………….…..29 1.4.3 Repression or Degradation Mode of Regulation………...……………...31 1.4.4 Cleavage/Slicing………………………………………………………...32 1.4.5 Explanations for Conflicted MiRNA Regulation Data…………...…….34 1.4.6 P-bodies or GW-bodies…………………………………………..……..36 1.4.7 Stress Granules…………………………….…….……………….……..39 1.4.8 MiRNA-mediated Target Upregulation……………………………...…40 1.5 Functional Aspects of MiRNAs……………………………………………..……44 1.5.1 Models of miRNA Function……………………………………...……..44 1.5.1.1 Switch Targets……………………………………………..….45
Load more

Recommended publications
  • High-Throughput Sequencing of Human Plasma RNA by Using Thermostable Group II Intron Reverse Transcriptases
    Downloaded from rnajournal.cshlp.org on September 27, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press High-throughput sequencing of human plasma RNA by using thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptases YIDAN QIN,1,2,3 JUN YAO,1,2,3 DOUGLAS C. WU,1,2 RYAN M. NOTTINGHAM,1,2 SABINE MOHR,1,2 SCOTT HUNICKE-SMITH,1 and ALAN M. LAMBOWITZ1,2 1Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA 2Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA ABSTRACT Next-generation RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has revolutionized transcriptome profiling, gene expression analysis, and RNA-based diagnostics. Here, we developed a new RNA-seq method that exploits thermostable group II intron reverse transcriptases (TGIRTs) and used it to profile human plasma RNAs. TGIRTs have higher thermostability, processivity, and fidelity than conventional reverse transcriptases, plus a novel template-switching activity that can efficiently attach RNA-seq adapters to target RNA sequences without RNA ligation. The new TGIRT-seq method enabled construction of RNA-seq libraries from <1 ng of plasma RNA in <5 h. TGIRT-seq of RNA in 1-mL plasma samples from a healthy individual revealed RNA fragments mapping to a diverse population of protein-coding gene and long ncRNAs, which are enriched in intron and antisense sequences, as well as nearly all known classes of small ncRNAs, some of which have never before been seen in plasma. Surprisingly, many of the small ncRNA species were present as full-length transcripts, suggesting that they are protected from plasma RNases in ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes and/or exosomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Micrornas in Prion Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Insights in Translational Medicine
    cells Review MicroRNAs in Prion Diseases—From Molecular Mechanisms to Insights in Translational Medicine Danyel Fernandes Contiliani 1,2, Yasmin de Araújo Ribeiro 1,2, Vitor Nolasco de Moraes 1,2 and Tiago Campos Pereira 1,2,* 1 Graduate Program of Genetics, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto 3900, Brazil; [email protected] (D.F.C.); [email protected] (Y.d.A.R.); [email protected] (V.N.d.M.) 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto 3900, Brazil * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +55-16-3315-3818 Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules able to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression via base-pairing with partially complementary sequences of target tran- scripts. Prion diseases comprise a singular group of neurodegenerative conditions caused by endoge- nous, misfolded pathogenic (prion) proteins, associated with molecular aggregates. In humans, classical prion diseases include Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, fatal familial insomnia, Gerstmann– Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome, and kuru. The aim of this review is to present the connections between miRNAs and prions, exploring how the interaction of both molecular actors may help understand the susceptibility, onset, progression, and pathological findings typical of such disorders, as well as the interface with some prion-like disorders, such as Alzheimer’s. Additionally, due to the inter-regulation of prions and miRNAs in health and disease, potential biomarkers for non-invasive miRNA-based diagnostics, as well as possible miRNA-based therapies to restore the levels of dereg- Citation: Contiliani, D.F.; Ribeiro, Y.d.A.; de Moraes, V.N.; Pereira, T.C.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information
    Supporting Information Friedman et al. 10.1073/pnas.0812446106 SI Results and Discussion intronic miR genes in these protein-coding genes. Because in General Phenotype of Dicer-PCKO Mice. Dicer-PCKO mice had many many cases the exact borders of the protein-coding genes are defects in additional to inner ear defects. Many of them died unknown, we searched for miR genes up to 10 kb from the around birth, and although they were born at a similar size to hosting-gene ends. Out of the 488 mouse miR genes included in their littermate heterozygote siblings, after a few weeks the miRBase release 12.0, 192 mouse miR genes were found as surviving mutants were smaller than their heterozygote siblings located inside (distance 0) or in the vicinity of the protein-coding (see Fig. 1A) and exhibited typical defects, which enabled their genes that are expressed in the P2 cochlear and vestibular SE identification even before genotyping, including typical alopecia (Table S2). Some coding genes include huge clusters of miRNAs (in particular on the nape of the neck), partially closed eyelids (e.g., Sfmbt2). Other genes listed in Table S2 as coding genes are [supporting information (SI) Fig. S1 A and C], eye defects, and actually predicted, as their transcript was detected in cells, but weakness of the rear legs that were twisted backwards (data not the predicted encoded protein has not been identified yet, and shown). However, while all of the mutant mice tested exhibited some of them may be noncoding RNAs. Only a single protein- similar deafness and stereocilia malformation in inner ear HCs, coding gene that is differentially expressed in the cochlear and other defects were variable in their severity.
    [Show full text]
  • Predictive Micrornas for Lymph Node Metastasis in Endoscopically Resectable Submucosal Colorectal Cancer
    www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Oncotarget, Vol. 7, No. 22 Predictive microRNAs for lymph node metastasis in endoscopically resectable submucosal colorectal cancer Chan Kwon Jung1,*, Seung-Hyun Jung2,3,6,*, Seon-Hee Yim3, Ji-Han Jung1, Hyun Joo Choi1, Won-Kyung Kang4, Sung-Won Park3,6, Seong-Taek Oh4, Jun-Gi Kim4, Sug Hyung Lee5,6, Yeun-Jun Chung2,3 1Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea 2Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea 3 Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea 4Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea 5Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea 6Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea *These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Yeun-Jun Chung, email: [email protected] Keywords: endoscopically resectable colorectal cancer, microRNA, lymph node metastasis Received: September 03, 2015 Accepted: March 28, 2016 Published: April 16, 2016 ABSTRACT Accurate prediction of regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) in endoscopically resected T1-stage colorectal cancers (CRCs) can reduce unnecessary surgeries. To identify miRNA markers that can predict LNM in T1-stage CRCs, the study was conducted in two phases; (I) miRNA classifier construction by miRNA-array and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) using 36 T1-stage CRC samples; (II) miRNA classifier validation in an independent set of 20 T1-stage CRC samples.
    [Show full text]
  • Detection and Characterization of Microrna Expression Profiling And
    Detection and characterization of microRNA expression profiling and its target genes in response to canine parvovirus in Crandell Reese Feline Kidney cells Phongsakorn Chuammitri1,2,*, Soulasack Vannamahaxay1,*, Benjaporn Sornpet3, Kidsadagon Pringproa1,2 and Prapas Patchanee4,5 1 Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 2 Center of Excellence in Veterinary Biosciences (CEVB), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 3 Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 4 Department of Food Animal Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand 5 Integrative Research Center for Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand * These authors contributed equally to this work. ABSTRACT Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in gene regulators in many biological and molecular phenomena. Unraveling the involvement of miRNA as a key cellular factor during in vitro canine parvovirus (CPV) infection may facilitate the discovery of potential intervention candidates. However, the examination of miRNA expression profiles in CPV in tissue culture systems has not been fully elucidated. Method: In the present study, we utilized high-throughput small RNA-seq (sRNA- Submitted 3 September 2019 seq) technology to investigate the altered miRNA profiling in miRNA libraries from Accepted 7 January 2020 uninfected (Control) and CPV-2c infected Crandell Reese Feline Kidney cells. 12 February 2020 Published Results: We identified five of known miRNAs (miR-222-5p, miR-365-2-5p, miR- Corresponding author 1247-3p, miR-322-5p and miR-361-3p) and three novel miRNAs (Novel 137, Novel Phongsakorn Chuammitri, 141 and Novel 102) by sRNA-seq with differentially expressed genes in the miRNA [email protected] repertoire of CPV-infected cells over control.
    [Show full text]
  • Gene Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Xenografts from BRCA Mutation Carriers Compared to Non-Carriers
    Gene Expression in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Xenografts From BRCA Mutation Carriers Compared to Non-carriers Nikita H. Desai Department of Biochemistry Goodman Cancer Research Center (GCRC) McGill University, Montreal, QC December 2015 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Masters of Science (MSc.) in the Department of Biochemistry under the Faculty of Medicine © Nikita Desai, 2015 Thesis Abstract The following document contains a manuscript-based Masters of Science (MSc.) thesis submission for Nikita H. Desai. This thesis centers on a manuscript currently being prepared for publication: Gene expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma xenografts from BRCA mutation carriers compared to non-carriers. Pancreatic cancer has one of the worst prognoses of cancer types due to late diagnosis, rapid metastases, and a lack of effective targeted therapies. An estimated 5-10% of pancreatic cancer cases are familial, and involve germ line mutations in cancer-associated genes. Breast cancer, early onset (BRCA) genes in particular are associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer and are the most implicated genes in hereditary pancreatic cancer. The following paper studies gene expression of 12 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) xenografts, four of which have known BRCA mutations, using RNA sequencing. 26 genes were significantly differentially expressed between the two types of tumors. Two genes and their associated pathways, in particular, were highly differentially expressed between mutation carriers and non-carriers. Cathepsin E (CTSE) and associated mucin-producing pathways were more highly expressed in mutation non-carriers. Protease, serine 1 (PRSS1) and other genes associated with hereditary and chronic pancreatitis were more highly expressed in mutation non-carriers, but all had a much lower expression than normal duct.
    [Show full text]
  • Long Non-Coding RNA BLACAT1 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation Through Sponging Mir-361
    European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 2020; 24: 74-85 Long non-coding RNA BLACAT1 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation through sponging miR-361 H.-Y. LI1, F.-Q. JIANG1, L. CHU2, X. WEI1 1Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China 2Department of Bidding and Purchase, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China Abstract. – OBJECTIVE: LncRNAs play a key Introduction role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. In this study, the effects of the Globally, prostate cancer remains a leading lncRNA BLACAT1 in prostate cancer were in- cause of mortality1,2. Prostate cancer is the 3rd vestigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: most common cancer across the world, and it Real-time PCR 3 was used to detect the expression of BLACAT1 typically affects males aged over 55 years . The and miR-361 in prostate cancer tissues and lack of early symptoms makes prostate cancer adjacent normal tissues (n=25). The function diagnosis challenging4. Magnetic resonance im- of BLACAT1 was detected through proliferation aging (MRI) is the most effective way to identify assay and apoptosis assay. The interaction be- prostate cancer, with detection rates of 85-100%. tween BLACAT1 and miR-361 in prostate cancer Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a protein pro- was studied by luciferase assay, RNA immuno- precipitation assay and chromatin immunopre- duced in the prostate gland, elevated levels of cipitation analysis were performed to detect the which can be suggestive of prostate cancer. In the BLACAT1 binding proteins. The xenograft mice clinic, elevated PSA levels frequently lead to un- experiment was performed to further confirm necessary biopsies.
    [Show full text]
  • Mir-361-5P Inhibits Colorectal and Gastric Cancer Growth and Metastasis by Targeting Staphylococcal Nuclease Domain Containing-1
    www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget/ Oncotarget, Vol. 6, No. 19 MiR-361-5p inhibits colorectal and gastric cancer growth and metastasis by targeting staphylococcal nuclease domain containing-1 Fei Ma1,*, Hongjiang Song1,2,*, Baoliang Guo3,*, Yuxin Zhang2, Yasheng Zheng4, Chengchun Lin5, Ying Wu6, Guijie Guan6, Ruihua Sha7, Qingxin Zhou3, Dejun Wang8, Xinglu Zhou9, Juan Li10, Xiaohui Qiu11 1 Department of Endoscopy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China 2 Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China 3 Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China 4 Department of General Surgery, Central Hospital of Jiuzhen, China 5 Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Longyan, Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China 6 Department of Pathology, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China 7 Department of Digestive Disease, Hongqi Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China 8 Department of Ultrasound of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China 9 Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China 10 Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China 11 The Second Hospital of Longyan, Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Hongjiang Song, e-mail: [email protected] Keywords: miR-361-5p, Tudor staphylococcal nuclease 1, colorectal carcinoma, gastric cancer, RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) Received: February 05, 2014 Accepted: April 06, 2015 Published: April 17, 2015 ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRs) function as key regulators of gene expression and their deregulation is associated with the carcinogenesis of various cancers.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Long Non‑Coding Rnas, Micrornas and Messenger Rnas Involved in Initiation and Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    652 MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS 10: 652-662, 2014 Comparison of long non‑coding RNAs, microRNAs and messenger RNAs involved in initiation and progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma SU-QING LI1*, FENG LI2*, YUN XIAO2*, CHUN-MEI WANG1, LEI TUO1, JING HU2, XIAO-BIN YANG3, JIN-SONG WANG3, WEI-HONG SHI1, XIA LI2 and XIU-FENG CAO1 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Nanjing Hospital and Oncology Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006; 2College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081; 3Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Hospital and Oncology Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006, P.R. China Received October 6, 2013; Accepted May 6, 2014 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2287 Abstract. Traditionally, cancer research has focused on mRNAs in the processes of ESCC development. In the current protein-coding genes, which are considered the principal effec- study, a first generation atlas of lncRNA profiling and its asso- tors and regulators of tumorigenesis. Non-coding RNAs, in ciation with miRNAs and mRNAs in the canceration processes particular microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs of ESCC were presented. (lncRNAs), have been widely reported to be important in the regulation of tumorigenesis and cancer development. However, Introduction to the best of our knowledge, investigation of the expression profiles of lncRNAs and a comparison of the involvement of Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is one of the most lethal types lncRNAs, miRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in esopha- of digestive tract malignancy according to 2011 cancer statis- geal tumorigenesis and development have not previously been tics, and there is clear geographic variation in its incidence performed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Expression Levels of Microrna-361-5P and Its Target VEGFA Are Inversely Correlated in Human Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2012 The expression levels of microRNA-361-5p and its target VEGFA are inversely correlated in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma Kanitz, Alexander ; Imig, Jochen ; Dziunycz, Piotr J ; Primorac, Adriana ; Galgano, Alessia ; Hofbauer, Günther F L ; Gerber, André P ; Detmar, Michael Abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) plays a key role in the angiogenesis of human skin. Elevated levels of VEGFA are associated with several pathological conditions, including chronic inflammatory skin diseases and several types of skin cancer. In particular, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, the second most common skin cancer in the general population, is characterized by invasive growth, pronounced angiogenesis and elevated levels of VEGFA. The processing, turnover and production of VEGFA are extensively regulated at the post-transcriptional level, both by RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs). In the present study, we identified a new miRNA recognition element in a downstream conserved region of the VEGFA 3’-UTR. We confirmed the repressive effect of miR- 361-5p on this element in vitro, identifying the first target for this miRNA. Importantly, we found that miR-361-5p levels are inversely correlated with VEGFA expression in SCC and in healthy skin, indicating that miR-361-5p could play a role in cancers. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0049568 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-76296 Journal Article Published Version The following work is licensed under a Creative Commons: Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.
    [Show full text]
  • A Simple Array Platform for Microrna Analysis and Its Application in Mouse Tissues
    Downloaded from rnajournal.cshlp.org on September 26, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press METHOD AsimplearrayplatformformicroRNAanalysis and its application in mouse tissues XIAOQING TANG,1 JOZSEF GAL,2 XUN ZHUANG,1 WANGXIA WANG,1 HAINING ZHU,2 and GUILIANG TANG1 1Gene Suppression Laboratory, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0236, USA 2Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0509, USA ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel class of small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play a critical role in many important biological processes. Most miRNAs are conserved between humans and mice, which makes it possible to analyze their expressions with a set of selected array probes. Here, we report a simple array platform that can detect 553 nonredundant miRNAs encompassing the entire set of miRNAs for humans and mice. The platform features carefully selected and designed probes with optimized hybridization parameters. Potential cross-reaction between mature miRNAs and their precursors was investigated. The array platform was used to analyze miRNAs in the mouse central nervous system (CNS, spinal cord and brain), and two other non-CNS organs (liver and heart). Two types of miRNAs, differentially expressed organ/tissue-associated miRNAs and ubiquitously expressed miRNAs, were detected in the array analysis. In addition to the previously reported neuron-related miR-124a, liver-related miR-122a, and muscle-related miR-133a, we also detected new tissue-associated miRNAs (e.g., liver-associated miR-194).
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Mir-33A, Mir-203B, Mir361-3P, and Mir-424 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences Turk J Med Sci (2021) 51: 638-643 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/sag-2004-214 Role of mir-33a, mir-203b, mir361-3p, and mir-424 in hepatocellular carcinoma 1,2, 3 4 2,5 Burhanettin YALÇINKAYA *,Esra GÜZEL TANOĞLU , Didem TAŞTEKİN , Sadrettin PENÇE 1 Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) National Metrology Institute (UME), Kocaeli, Turkey 2 Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey 3 Institute of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey 4 Institute of Oncology, İstanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey 5 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul, Turkey Received: 19.04.2020 Accepted/Published Online: 24.10.2020 Final Version: 30.04.2021 Background/aim: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancer types. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding regulatory RNAs that function posttranscriptionally. miRNA deregulation was observed in the development and progression of HCC. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression levels of four miRNAs (mir-33a, mir-203b, mir361-3p, and mir-424) in HCC patients in comparison to healthy individuals. Materials and methods: Venous blood samples were collected from both HCC patients and healthy individuals. In order to determine the relative expression levels of mir-33a, mir-203b, mir361-3p, and hsa-mir-424 in HCC patients, probe-based quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed. The cycle threshold (Ct) results were analyzed according to the −∆∆Ct2 method and statistical analyses were performed by SPSS Statistics version 15 for Windows.
    [Show full text]