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Long and Short-Term Morphologic Evolution and Stratigraphic Architecture of a Transgressive Tidal Inlet, Little Pass Timbalier, Louisiana

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Long and Short-Term Morphologic Evolution and Stratigraphic Architecture of a Transgressive Tidal Inlet, Little Pass Timbalier, Louisiana University of New Orleans ScholarWorks@UNO University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations Dissertations and Theses 5-18-2007 Long and Short-Term Morphologic Evolution and Stratigraphic Architecture of a Transgressive Tidal Inlet, Little Pass Timbalier, Louisiana Michael David Miner University of New Orleans Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td Recommended Citation Miner, Michael David, "Long and Short-Term Morphologic Evolution and Stratigraphic Architecture of a Transgressive Tidal Inlet, Little Pass Timbalier, Louisiana" (2007). University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations. 557. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/557 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by ScholarWorks@UNO with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Long and Short-Term Morphologic Evolution and Stratigraphic Architecture of a Transgressive Tidal Inlet, Little Pass Timbalier, Louisiana A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of New Orleans in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering and Applied Science Geology by Michael David Miner B.S. The University of Mississippi, 1999 M.S. The University of Mississippi, 2003 May, 2007 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funding was provided through the New Orleans Geological Society’s Scholarship Foundation and Geological Society of America Student Research Grant no. 8075-05. I would like to thank my major advisor, Mark Kulp, for the guidance, insight, motivational support, and friendship. Your enthusiastic attitude towards scientific endeavors has been inspirational. A big thanks goes to: Duncan FitzGerald for the encouragement, advice, and rapid turnaround on draft revisions; Shea Penland for believing in me and giving me the opportunity to fulfill my dreams to pursue a career as a coastal scientist in Louisiana; Ioannis Georgiou for the technical suggestions and advice; and Alex McCorquodale for helping bridge the gap between my inner scientist and engineer. I look forward to future collaborations with you all. Thanks go to Jeff Motti, Phil McCarty, and Mike Brown at the UNO Coastal Research Lab for introducing me to Louisiana coastal field methods, field work assistance, and for keeping the boats afloat. Thanks to the U.S. Geological Survey for providing a platform and resources for the collection of vibracore and shallow subbottom profiles aboard the R/V Gilbert with Jim Flocks, Capt. Dave Bennett, Capt. Rich Young, Dana Wiese, and Chandra Dreher. Thanks to Nancy DeWitt with the U.S.G.S. for instruction on bathymetric surveying and data processing methods. Thanks to Wilton Delronde at the LUMCON field camp in Port Fourchon for the hospitality and fantastic cooking. A very special thanks goes to Mom and Dad for providing me with a strong educational foundation, continuing emotional support throughout my educational career (including providing me with a temporary lab space and office in the flooded house while the UNO facilities were condemned after Katrina), and for understanding that my career path is somewhat nontraditional. And most importantly, thank you Nikki for the love, support, and for having the understanding necessary to put up with me throughout this dissertation process. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures.................................................................................................................................. v ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................................vii CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 References.................................................................................................................................... 4 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 5 Study Area ................................................................................................................................... 5 Physical Coastal Processes ......................................................................................................5 Regional Geomorphic Evolution and Stratigraphy ...................................................................... 8 Lafourche Delta Complex and Timbalier Barrier Shoreline Development ........................... 10 Regional Stratigraphic Framework........................................................................................ 13 Previous Studies......................................................................................................................... 16 References.................................................................................................................................. 18 CHAPTER 3: MORPHOLOGIC EVOLUTION OF A TRANSGRESSIVE TIDAL INLET SYSTEM, LITTLE PASS TIMBALIER, LOUISIANA ............................................................... 23 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 23 Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 24 Results........................................................................................................................................ 27 Inlet Morphology and Evolution............................................................................................ 27 Morphologic Evolution.............................................................................................................. 32 Inlet channel migration and widening.................................................................................... 34 Ebb tidal delta expansion, precursory progradation, and retreat............................................ 37 Model Application ..................................................................................................................... 38 Transgressive Tidal Inlet Migration....................................................................................... 38 Shelf Sand Ridges.................................................................................................................. 39 Conclusions................................................................................................................................ 41 References...................................................................................................................................... 43 CHAPTER 4: SHORT TERM MORPHOLOGIC CHANGES WITHIN A TRANSGRESSIVE TIDAL INLET: THE ROLE OF 2005 HURRICANES AT LITTLE PASS TIMBALIER, LOUISIANA.................................................................................................................................. 48 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 48 Hurricanes Impacting the Louisiana Coastal Zone in 2005 ....................................................... 49 Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 50 Quantification of Uncertainty with Bathymetric data and Change analysis .............................. 53 Bathymetric Change Analysis Results....................................................................................... 56 Ebb-Tidal Delta...................................................................................................................... 56 Main Ebb Channel ................................................................................................................. 57 Secondary Ebb Channel......................................................................................................... 58 Timbalier Shoal...................................................................................................................... 59 Marginal Flood Channel and Timbalier Island Recurved Spit .............................................. 59 Dredge Borrow Pit................................................................................................................. 59 Discussion .................................................................................................................................. 60 Short Term Inlet Migration.................................................................................................... 60 Sediment Dispersal and Inlet Sediment Bypassing................................................................ 61 Possible Redeposition Location to Account for Net Sediment Loss from Inlet System........ 67 Long-Term Effects of Storm Impact and Implications for Barrier Shoreline Management.. 68 Conclusions...............................................................................................................................
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