Type 1 Diabetes in Pregnancy Is Associated with Distinct Changes in the Composition and Function of the Gut Microbiome Alexandra J
Roth-Schulze et al. Microbiome (2021) 9:167 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-021-01104-y RESEARCH Open Access Type 1 diabetes in pregnancy is associated with distinct changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiome Alexandra J. Roth-Schulze1,2, Megan A. S. Penno3, Katrina M. Ngui1,2, Helena Oakey3, Esther Bandala-Sanchez1,2, Alannah D. Smith1,2, Theo R. Allnutt1,2, Rebecca L. Thomson3, Peter J. Vuillermin4, Maria E. Craig5,6, William D. Rawlinson7,8, Elizabeth A. Davis9, Mark Harris10,11, Georgia Soldatos12, Peter G. Colman13, John M. Wentworth1,2,13, Aveni Haynes9, Simon C. Barry3, Richard O. Sinnott14, Grant Morahan15, Naiara G. Bediaga1,2, Gordon K. Smyth1,16, Anthony T. Papenfuss1,16,17,18, Jennifer J. Couper3,19, Leonard C. Harrison1,2* and on behalf of the ENDIA Study Group Abstract Background: The gut microbiome changes in response to a range of environmental conditions, life events and disease states. Pregnancy is a natural life event that involves major physiological adaptation yet studies of the microbiome in pregnancy are limited and their findings inconsistent. Pregnancy with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with increased maternal and fetal risks but the gut microbiome in this context has not been characterized. By whole metagenome sequencing (WMS), we defined the taxonomic composition and function of the gut bacterial microbiome across 70 pregnancies, 36 in women with T1D. Results: Women with and without T1D exhibited compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiome acrosspregnancy.ProfilesinwomenwithT1Dweredistinct,withanincreaseinbacteriathatproducelipopolysaccharides and a decrease in those that produce short-chain fatty acids, especially in the third trimester.
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