C4I) SYSTEMS Integration Evaluation 12.2 at White Sands Missile Range, N.M., and CAPABILITY SET 13 the ﬁrst Integrated Package of Tactical Communications Gear

COMMAND, CONTROL, COMMUNICATIONS, COMPUTERS Capability Set 13 tested, validated and ﬁnalized during Network AND INTELLIGENCE (C4I) SYSTEMS Integration Evaluation 12.2 at White Sands Missile Range, N.M., AND CAPABILITY SET 13 the ﬁrst integrated package of tactical communications gear. The Network is the Army’s top modernization priority, and the Army is changing the way it supplies network systems and capabilities to operational units by incre- mentally aligning the delivery of new technology with the Army force generation (ARFORGEN) process. This effort will drive networked capabilities down to the small unit and soldier level—those at the tactical edge who need these critical capabilities the most. Through a process known as Capability Set Management, the Army has adopted acquisition practices and is aligning programs so that operational units receive better capabilities more quickly through integrated and sustainable network capability sets. The centerpiece of CS 13 is Warfighter other applications. CS 13 also reflects the The capability sets will enhance vertical Information Network-Tactical (WIN-T) In- Army’s efforts to converge its mission com- and horizontal connectivity and provide an crement 2, a major upgrade to the Army’s mand applications providing situational integrated network baseline from the static tactical communications backbone that in- awareness, collaboration, fires, sustain- tactical operations center (TOC) to the dis- troduces mission command on-the-move ment, air defense and airspace manage- mounted soldier. Fielding the Network as and extends satellite communications to ment. an integrated capability set throughout a the company level. CS 13 will also deliver Critical U.S. Army C4I capabilities are brigade, rather than fielding individual unprecedented connectivity to the dis- provided through U.S. Army offices such pieces of equipment, provides soldiers mounted soldier through the JTRS Rifle- as the Program Executive Office for Com- with the best capability gap solutions and man Radio, a 2-pound radio carried by pla- mand, Control, Communications-Tactical dramatically reduces or eliminates the inte- toon-, squad- and team-level soldiers for (PEO C3T), Program Executive Office for gration burden on deployed troops. The voice communications that also links with Intelligence, Electronic Warfare and Sen- first capability set, Capability Set 13 (CS handheld devices to transmit text mes- sors (PEO IEW&S), and Program Execu- 13), will be fielded to Army brigade com- sages, global positioning system (GPS) lo- tive Office for Enterprise Information bat teams starting in fall 2012. CS 13 was cations and other data. These devices, Systems (PEO EIS). In addition, current developed and validated through the Net- known as Nett Warrior (see Individual and next-generation warfighter support is work Integration Evaluations (NIEs) and Equipment listings), act as a smartphone- being delivered through the Joint Program agile process, the Army’s new strategy to like mission command system that con- Executive Office for Joint Tactical Radio rapidly evaluate, procure and field net- nects to the Rifleman Radio to provide dis- Systems (JPEO JTRS). work technologies in a more cost-effective mounted leaders with position location The Program Executive Office for Com- manner. information (PLI), text messaging and mand, Control and Communications-Tac- tical (PEO C3T) provides soldiers with the networked mission command solutions they require to dominate now and in the future. PEO C3T supports 41 key acquisition programs that develop, acquire and field a diverse range of products for the Army including mission command software applications, power generators, radios, computers, satellite terminals, communications security devices, servers, and the integrators that allow all the systems and components to function seamlessly. PEO C3T also sustains the force with over-the-shoulder training and system trou- bleshooting so that soldiers can focus on their prime objective of engaging the enemy. Headquartered at Aberdeen Proving Ground, Md., PEO C3T has a workforce of almost 1,600 employees with a total annual budget of $4 billion. Facing emerging fiscal constraints, PEO C3T is using innovative methods to cut costs, streamline processes and quickly adapt in rapidly delivering advanced network technology to soldiers. The following representative program “It’s a jungle out there.” sampling reflects how PEO C3T continues

October 2012 I ARMY 333 to improve and support current systems, probability of rescue and reducing risk to tion technologies, the Joint Capabilities while developing future systems to sup- rescue forces. Release (JCR) and Joint Battle Command- port the Army’s vision of a networked, in- Command Post of the Future (CPOF) Platform (JBC-P), enhance these capabili- formation-enabled force. and the Mission Command Workstation ties with the faster BFT 2 satellite network, Advanced Field Artillery Tactical Data provide the commander with a compre- secure data encryption, chat room func- System (AFATDS) is the digitized sensor- hensive view for informed battlefield deci- tionality and an improved user interface. to-shooter link providing automated tech- sion making. CPOF provides situational JCR-Logistics (JCR-LOG) also integrates nical and tactical fire-direction solutions, awareness and collaborative tools for tacti- FBCB2/BFT capability with the Movement fire asset-management tools and decision cal decision making, planning, rehearsal Tracking System (MTS). The MTS is a ve- support functionality. AFATDS functions and execution management from the corps hicle-based system that tracks combat sup- from firing platoons through echelons to battalion levels. It provides 2-D and 3-D port and combat service support vehicles, above corps. AFATDS is the fire support map-centric collaboration supported by as well as other assets. node of the Army Battle Command System voice over Internet protocol. CPOF is the Forward Entry Devices (FED) are hand- (ABCS). It enhances dominant maneuver, core framework for the mission command held devices used by forward observers survivability and continuity of operations collapse workstation, which provides col- and fire support teams to transmit and re- for Joint force commanders. laborative command-and-control/maneu- ceive fire support messages over standard The AN/PRC-117G provides tactical and ver, fires, sustainment and airspace func- military radios. They provide a digitized homeland defense forces and emergency tions on a common workstation. Command connection between the forward observers operations elements with stand-alone, ter- Web is a lightweight, Web-enabled tool that and AFATDS, and provide a vital sensor- rain-independent, robust communications extends the strong collaboration capabili- to-shooter link. The Lightweight Forward for line-of-sight/beyond-line-of-sight (LOS/ ties of CPOF and Mission Command Work- Entry Device (LFED) and Pocket-Sized BLOS) secure voice and data communica- station to additional users down to the Forward Entry Device (PFED) are integral tions. It also provides long-distance, wide- company level. parts of the digitized system architecture. area, gap-free, fixed or on-the-move, ground, Data Products are software products that Tactical Electrical Power (TEP) is a fam- maritime and ground-to-air communica- allow Force XXI Battle Command Brigade ily of ruggedized power generators and tions. and Below (FBCB2)-Blue Force Tracker power distribution equipment that in- The Army Key Management System (BFT), Army Battle Command System cludes the military tactical generator, tacti- (AKMS) consists of three subcomponents: (ABCS) and other C4ISR systems to share cal quiet generator, advanced medium mo- local communications security manage- situational awareness, collaboration and bile power sources, power units, and ment software, automated communica- mission command data with each other power plants (trailer-mounted)—deploy- tions engineering software and a simple over the tactical Internet. able power generation and distribution key loader. Under the umbrella of the Na- Force XXI Battle Command Brigade and systems. PEO C3T’s Project Manager for tional Security Agency’s electronic key Below (FBCB2)-Blue Force Tracker (BFT) Mobile Electric Power is working across its management system, AKMS provides tacti- is a digital mission command information tactical electric power portfolio to cut fuel cal units and sustaining bases with an system providing integrated, on-the-move, use, integrate alternative energy sources organic key generation capability and an timely, relevant information and situational and improve operational energy efficien- efficient, secure means of distributing elec- awareness to tactical combat leaders and cies. tronic keys. soldiers from brigade to platform and The Warfighter Information Network- The Combat Survivor Evader Locator across platforms within the brigade task Tactical (WIN-T) Increment 1, the Army’s (CSEL) is a handheld survival radio in use force and other Joint forces. It allows sol- tactical communications backbone, pro- by Army Aviation units and special opera- diers to track one another’s locations vides “networking at the quick halt.” WIN- tions forces to assist in recovering isolated through blue icons on a digital topographi- T Increment 1 is a joint-compatible com- crews in the event of a downed aircraft. cal map and manually add icons represent- munications package that allows the CSEL allows rescue execution orders to be ing the enemy and other obstacles to alert soldier to use advanced networking capa- delivered within minutes, increasing the other units nearby. FBCB2’s next-genera- bilities and retain interoperability with current force systems and future increments of WIN-T. The Warfighter Information Network- Tactical (WIN-T) Increment 2 introduces mission command on-the-move and extends satellite communications to the company level. It also provides a self-forming, self-healing network and improved Net- work Operations (NetOps) tools for planning and monitoring the network. The Warfighter Information Network- Tactical (WIN-T) Increment 3 will provide full network mobility and introduce the air tier, which provides a three-tiered architecture consisting of traditional LOS, an airborne layer through the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and other airborne platforms and satellites. The mission of Program Executive Of- fice Intelligence, Electronic Warfare and Sensors (PEO IEW&S) is to provide af- fordable, world-class sensor and electronic Command Post of the Future (CPOF) warfare capabilities, enabling rapid situa-

334 ARMY I October 2012 AN/TPQ-53 radar system

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tional understanding and decisive actions. terfire radar flexibility. The AN/TPQ-53 is PEO IEW&S products can be used for tar- capable of being deployed as part of the geting, situational awareness, force protec- indirect fire protection capability (IFPC) tion, and reconnaissance, surveillance and system of systems to provide a sense-and- When the Warrior Returns by Nathan Ainspan and Walter Penk (Naval Institute Press, September 2012) target acquisition (RSTA). These critical warn capability for fixed and semi-fixed systems are integrated into the network’s sites. The AN/TPQ-53 system provides in- Riders of the Apocalypse: German Cavalry and layers and enable persistent surveillance, creased range and accuracy throughout a Modern Warfare by David R. Dorondo (Naval allowing the joint and coalition warfighter 90-degree search sector (in stare mode), as Institute Press, May 2012) to control time, space and the environment, well as 360-degree coverage (rotating) for while greatly enhancing survivability and locating mortar, artillery and rocket firing lethality. positions. PEO IEW&S rapidly transforms require- Among the system’s numerous key at- ments and validated field requests into real- tributes are its quick setup time with an ity and supports critical current operations emplacement of five minutes, reduction of including counter-improvised explosive soldier support (from 12 soldiers on the Q- devices (IEDs); sensors for counter-rocket, 37 and six soldiers on the Q-36 to four sol- artillery and mortar, and the integrated in- diers for the AN/TPQ-53), ability to be telligence architecture. PEO IEW&S is re- transported via C-130 and linkage to the sponsible for a multibillion-dollar portfolio advanced field artillery tactical data sys- consisting of a combination of more than tem (AFATDS) and forward area air de- Intelligence Collection: How to Plan and Execute 110 programs of record and quick-reaction fense command and control (FA2DC2). Intelligence Collection in Complex Environments capabilities. Addressing soldiers’ needs The Common Infrared Countermeasure by Wayne Michael Hall and Gary Citrenbaum (Praeger Security International, June 2012) and providing them with capabilities in the (CIRCM) subprogram is the next-genera- most effective and financially responsible tion advanced threat infrared countermea- Ruckzug: The German Retreat from France, 1944 manner is paramount to success. These sures (ATIRCM) and will provide the sole by Joachim Ludewig (University Press of Kentucky, systems are integrated with other intelli- acquisition of future laser-based infrared September 2012) gence assets into a system-of-systems ar- countermeasure systems for all rotary- chitecture that provides ISR, force protec- wing, tilt-rotor, and small fixed-wing air- tion, and RSTA collection capabilities, data craft across the DoD. The CIRCM is a coop- repositories, services and exploitation ca- erative effort between the Army (lead) and pabilities across coalition boundaries. Navy to provide modular self-protection Fielded assets range from airborne and suite upgrades for DoD aircraft. CIRCM ground sensors to the network connectivity will be developed as a directed infrared and analyst tools used to exploit the large countermeasure (DIRCM)/laser-based sys- amounts of collected information. tem that can be used with various missile The AN/TPQ-53 Radar is a highly mo- warning systems (MWS) currently in- bile radar system that automatically de- stalled on or planned for installation on tects, classifies, tracks, and locates the Army, Navy or Air Force aircraft. Beyond Guns and Steel: A War Termination point of origin of projectiles fired from CIRCM will be designed to pay particu- Strategy by Dominic Caraccilo (Praeger Security mortar, artillery, and rocket systems with lar attention to multi-spectral manportable International, January 2011) sufficient accuracy for first-round fire for air defense systems (MANPADS) and ad- Blueprints for Battle: Planning For War in effect. It mitigates close-combat radar cov- vanced air-to-air infrared and/or pseudo- Central Europe by Jan Hoffenar and Dieter Kruger erage gaps and will replace a majority of electro-optical weapons threats that can (University Press of Kentucky, September 2012) the current Firefinder Radars, moderniz- target rotary-wing, tilt-wing and slow- ing most brigade combat teams (BCTs) and moving fixed-wing aircraft in the midst of Fires brigades. The AN/TPQ-53 system ground clutter. will interoperate with future battle com- The Prophet System is a day/night, all- mand systems (BCSs) to provide the ma- weather, near real-time, ground-based tac- neuver commander with increased coun- tical signals intelligence/electronic war-

October 2012 I ARMY 335 fare capability organic to the brigade com- (ISR) analysis and easily share that data EMARSS is a multi-intelligence airborne bat team (BCT), Stryker BCT and battle- with other Army units, sister services and intelligence, surveillance and reconnais- field surveillance brigade. The Prophet coalition partners. Better analysis and in- sance (AISR) system dedicated specifically family of systems provides force protec- creased collaboration mean better intelli- to direct support of the tactical comman- tion, situational awareness, and actionable gence support to the tactical commander. der. It enhances BCT effectiveness by defin- intelligence to the warfighter. DCGS-A provides an integrated solution ing and assessing the environment and Prophet Enhanced (PE) serves as the that operates in a secure, distributed and providing surveillance, targeting support Army’s premier ground signals intelligence collaborative environment. The system pro- and threat warning. EMARSS is a key con- platform, building upon the success and vides commanders, decision makers, and tributor to the tightly woven, highly inte- lessons learned from preceding Prophet sys- analysts at all echelons with real- and/or grated network of intelligence and opera- tems including Prophet Spiral 1, Triton III near real-time ISR data, information, and tions warfighting functions necessary to and a quick reaction capability version of analytical products. DCGS-A utilizes soft- maintain contact and develop targets of in- Prophet Enhanced. ware capabilities across multiple intelli- terest in an irregular warfare environment PE gives soldiers a more robust opera- gence disciplines to enable intelligence ana- and across the range of military operations. tional capability, allowing for easier move- lysts to obtain, process and disseminate the The EMARSS system is designed to pro- ment of the dismount system. Also, by in- information they need to provide comman- vide direct support to the BCT commander creasing the number of communications ders with actionable intelligence at all eche- but can also support regimental combat platforms, operators are afforded flexibil- lons. The enhanced speed, accuracy and team (RCT), division or other tactical units ity to potentially conduct simultaneous, relevance of the ISR effort provide comman- as required by the tactical situation. split, based, fixed and mobile operations. ders the intelligence information they need The EMARSS AISR capabilities include PE is installed onto Panther variants of the when they need it to plan and conduct full an electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) with mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicle. spectrum operations in counterinsurgency full-motion video (FMV) sensor, a commu- The Distributed Common Ground Sys- environments and across the full range of nications intelligence sensor and an aerial tem-Army (DCGS-A) is the Army’s cor- military operations. precision guidance (APG) sensor, all sup- nerstone intelligence-processing and ana- DCGS-A uses the latest Cloud technol- ported by line-of-sight (LOS) and beyond- lytical system. Historically, every sensor ogy to rapidly gather, collaborate and line-of-sight (BLOS) communications and had its own, unique ground system to re- share intelligence data to shape combat hosted on a manned, medium-altitude de- ceive, store, and process intelligence data. operations. The DCGS-A Cloud provides rivative of the commercial Hawker-Beech- This forced the analyst to go to multiple cutting-edge, multi-intelligence analytical craft King Air 350ER aircraft. EMARSS op- separate ground stations to analyze other capabilities that allow analysts to explore a erates as a single platform in support of sensor data, and posed tremendous chal- massive amount of intelligence data in dif- tactical missions, but through connectivity lenges to sharing intelligence. ferent ways and rapidly fuse critical infor- to tactical and national networks it also DCGS-A has been built to the intelli- mation into an accurate response. DCGS-A contributes to the joint overall AISR con- gence community framework standards has successfully deployed the first tactical stellation. and delivers unprecedented real-time, in- Cloud Node in the Department of Defense. EMARSS contains a tailored set of dis- tegrated intelligence analysis—fused into The mission of Enhanced Medium Alti- tributed common ground system-A (DCGS- one common accessible format. DCGS-A tude Reconnaissance and Surveillance A)-enabled software and ISR processing receives data from multiple sensors System (EMARSS) is to provide persistent software functionalities to process, exploit (space-based, airborne, terrestrial) and capability to detect, locate, classify/iden- and rapidly disseminate the intelligence multiple intelligence sources—signals in- tify, and track surface targets with a high derived from the imagery sensor. The com- telligence, imagery, human intelligence degree of timeliness and accuracy to the munications intelligence sensor is con- and so on. With DCGS-A, the analyst can brigade combat team (BCT) through mis- trolled through LOS and BLOS communi- perform valuable multidisciplined intelli- sion overwatch in day/night, near-all- cations at the DCGS-A, where processing, gence, surveillance and reconnaissance weather conditions. analysis and timely reporting to the supported tactical force are accomplished. Se- lected EMARSS imagery is immediately processed on the aircraft, and the collected imagery is also forwarded to the DCGS-A for further processing, analysis and reporting. EMARSS complies with the DoD information technology standards registry and defense information systems network (DISN). This architecture permits interoperability with any multiservice or joint system that complies with DoD-standard for- mats for data transfer and dissemination. The Machine Foreign Language Trans- lation System (MFLTS) is a software-only program that will develop, acquire, field and sustain a basic automated foreign speech and text translation capability into Army systems of record. The language development design will allow for technical insertion of additional software language modules, performing translation as required by the Army. It is not a device or a set of stand-alone languages; rather, it is a Distributed Common Ground System-Army (DCGS-A) operations software system that uses a modular open

336 ARMY I October 2012 system architecture solution to accept plug- in language modules written to an MFLTS established set of standards. These integrated automated translation capabilities will be applicable across three different system configurations: a handheld/wearable portable device, a lap- top/mobile device, and within a networked/Web-enabled system. MFLTS will be interoperable with commercial off-the- shelf (COTS) or government off-the-shelf (GOTS) automation equipment including the DCGS-A, ground soldier systems, and counterintelligence human intelligence automated reporting and collection system (CHARCS). The MFLTS program achieved milestone A approval and was awarded a contract in fiscal year (FY) 2011 for the technology de- Persistent Threat Detection System (PTDS) velopment phase. The contractor began a prototyping effort focused on the architec- ing both intelligence and operational com- existing acoustic sensors that cue the aero- tural framework design to produce and munities with real-time situational aware- stat payload to provide near real-time eyes manage MFLTS capability in Web-enabled, ness, counter-IED, force protection and on target. PTDS provides a persistent sur- mobile and portable configurations through forensic capabilities. It is a significant ISR veillance and dissemination capability al- applications (speech to speech and text to and force multiplier for the warfighter. lowing quick reaction forces to find, fix, text, under initial capabilities). PTDS is a 74,000-cubic-foot, helium- track, target and engage direct- and indi- The engineering and manufacturing de- filled, tethered aerostat envelope equipped rect-fire threats. velopment phase of the MFLTS program with dual high-resolution EO/IR (Wescam PTDS has proven its effectiveness in a will commence in FY 2013 with initial op- MX-20s) sensors or an MX20 sensor with combat environment by providing action- erating capability (IOC) for Pashto, Dari, either a ground moving target indicator/ able information to the warfighter and Iraqi Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic. dismounted moving target indicator radar ranks on U.S. Forces-Afghanistan’s Top 10 The Persistent Threat Detection System (STARLite) or an EO/IR wide-area sensor list of urgently needed capabilities. Since (PTDS) is a quick reaction capability serv- (Kestrel) payload. PTDS is integrated with 2010, 46 PTDS have been fielded to meet

October 2012 I ARMY 337 urgent warfighter requirements with 66 requirements. AESIP has successfully de- Transmission Systems (DCATS) manages systems becoming operational by the livered a Web-based solution for the cre- a suite of more than 100 projects and fourth quarter of FY 2012. As of June 2012, ation and management of customer and rapidly delivers these capabilities in direct PTDS provided more than 500,000 hours vendor master data and implemented an support of global missions to Army forces, of real-time FMV/ISR capability in both optimized messaging and hub services ca- senior national leadership and combatant Operation New Dawn and Operation En- pability. commands in joint, unified and multina- during Freedom. Acquisition, Logistics and Technology tional operations. DCATS provides world- The Program Executive Office Enter- Enterprise Systems and Services (ALT- wide strategic satellite communications prise Information Systems (PEO EIS) ESS) provides full life-cycle IT solutions, and wideband control systems, long-haul supports C4I capabilities by providing in- support, and services to the Army’s acqui- terrestrial microwave and fiber-optic com- frastructure and information management sition community and DoD customers in a munications systems, technical control fa- systems to the Army. As the Army’s enter- secure environment. With significant, se- cilities (TCFs), combat service support prise-wide technical leader for business in- cure infrastructure and data center capa- communications systems, critical power formation systems, PEO EIS enables infor- bilities, ALTESS provides critical support infrastructure, terrestrial communications, mation dominance by developing and to more than 2.3 million users worldwide. combat vehicle intercom systems, in-tran- delivering integrated, network-centric capa- ALTESS operates a state-of-the-art “green” sit visibility, and other leading technolo- bilities to accomplish the mission today and data center with first-class enterprise net- gies to meet current and future Army re- be prepared for the mission of tomorrow. work operations, systems engineering, ap- quirements. Acquisition Business (AcqBusiness) de- plications sustainment and enterprise- The Distributed Learning System (DLS) velops enterprise solutions and provides level service management capabilities. acquires, deploys and maintains world- data-management services that support the ALTESS is a leader in providing cost-effec- wide distributed learning online course- acquisition community in conducting busi- tive data center services for the Army and ware to ensure that soldiers receive critical ness. These capabilities enable consistent, DoD. training for mission success. Through the effective, and efficient conduct and over- Computer Hardware, Enterprise Soft- Army Learning Management System sight of acquisition tasks. The planning ware and Solutions (CHESS) provides ar- (ALMS) and Army e-Learning, DLS deliv- and development of additional capabilities chitecturally sound standards and policy- ers training to more than 1.4 million sol- are ongoing; prototyping, user involve- compliant IT enterprise solutions from a diers and Department of the Army civil- ment and capability distribution via a broad range of industry IT providers to all ians, manages training information, and modern and scalable network-centric ar- Army activities and organizations. In accor- provides training collaboration, schedul- chitecture are core elements of the program dance with Army Regulation 25-1 Army ing, and career planning capabilities in strategy. AcqBusiness collaborates with the Knowledge Management and Information Tech- both resident and nonresident training en- combat developer, performance assess- nology, CHESS is also responsible for imple- vironments. ment and root cause analysis (PARCA), mentation of the biannual consolidated buy DoD Biometrics designs, engineers, ac- and the Army acquisition community to (CB) program that offers desktop and note- quires, deploys and sustains enterprise bio- identify enterprise business requirements book computers and printers at a substan- metric solutions in multiple operating en- and develop solutions that meet critical tial price savings. The CB process is the vironments, enabling identity dominance needs. The program has fielded a substan- most cost-effective approach to fulfilling on the battlefield and across the services. tial infrastructure and variety of functional user requirements for these products. It di- DoD Biometrics’ systems capture, transmit, information technology (IT) tools and ser- rectly supports the Army CIO/G-6 strategy store, manage, share, retrieve and display vices providing an enterprise, service-ori- for acquiring products that are fully com- biometric data for timely identification or ented, business environment that brings pliant with federal desktop computing reg- identity verification. These systems are the right information to the right people at ulations as well as DoD and Army security mission enablers for force protection, intel- the right time. and interoperability standards. ligence, physical and logical access control, The Army Enterprise Systems Integra- Defense Communications and Army identity management/credentialing, de- tion Program (AESIP) is a vital component of the Army’s goal of modernizing enterprise resource planning (ERP) business systems to simplify operations, optimize processes and provide an accurate enterprise view of business information to all users. AESIP integrates business processes and systems by serving as the enterprise hub for the Army’s logistics and financial ERP business systems: the General Fund Enterprise Business System (GFEBS), the Army’s financial system; the Global Com- bat Support System-Army (GCSS-Army), the tactical logistics system; and the Logis- tics Modernization Program (LMP), the national logistics system. AESIP enables integration by linking business processes and data across existing IT systems. This integration optimizes business processes and supports enterprise-level information

DoD Biometrics—an iris scan

338 ARMY I October 2012 tention and interception operations. DoD Biometrics protects the nation through identity dominance by enabling respon- sive, accurate and secure biometrics any place, any time, in cooperation with the Department of Homeland Security, Depart- ment of Justice, Department of State and other government agencies. Defense Wide Transmission Systems (DWTS) provides best-value solutions to meet strategic long-haul and base-support communications needs worldwide for the DoD and other government agencies. DWTS has two primary missions: program and life-cycle management of the connect- the-logistician systems, and implementation and sustainment of wide-area transmissions systems. The first mission includes the CSS Automated Information Systems Interface (CAISI) and the CSS Satellite Communications (CSS SATCOM) programs. The second mission includes terrestrial transmissions (global C4 commercial- Jessica Lockoski Air Force/SrA. U.S. ization as well as TCFs) and very small Very small aperture terminal (VSAT) satellite dish aperture terminal (VSAT) satellite communications transmissions. Management, whose mission is to manage agement data initiative (GFMDI) mandate, The Force Management System (FMS) and allocate manpower and force-struc- which is the foundation of the Army’s net- designs, develops and deploys an inte- ture information; document unit models work-centric data environment. GFMDI is grated force-management capability that (requirements and authorizations) over the authoritative data source for all Army establishes accurate, consistent and timely time; and provide organizational and force-structure data, from Department of force-structure information to the Army force-structure solutions. FMS is the Ar- the Army and state National Guard head- force management community. FMS di- my’s system to support the DoD and Joint quarters down to individual billet and rectly supports the Army director, Force Chiefs of Staff (JCS) J-8 global force man- equipment authorizations. FMS incorpo-

October 2012 I ARMY 339 rates common software development tools visibility of transactions, integrates data edge-based operation and enhances connec- and design and development standards, and produces full cost data. GFEBS will tivity between forward-deployed forces with complying with DoD and Army architec- enable decision makers to better use cur- continental United States-, Europe- and Pa- ture standards, and incorporating govern- rent resources and enable better analyses cific-based forces. I3MP is a part of the joint ment and industry standards for security. of resource implications for programs and effort to improve and protect LandWarNet The design also provides for online data budgets. GFEBS brings the majority of by enhancing the infrastructure for better ef- warehousing of archived data and stream- Army financial and real property manage- ficiency and effectiveness of the network lined system maintenance. ment processes into a single system, inte- and Army interoperability across DoD. Global Combat Support System-Army grates performance data and produces full Joint-Automatic Identification Technol- (GCSS-Army) oversees the implementa- costs. This empowers leaders at all levels ogy (J-AIT) is the Army product manage- tion of the tactical logistics and financial to consider the true costs of operations, ment office for total radio frequency identi- ERP program to integrate business pro- functions, organizations, and more when fication (RFID) and automatic identification cesses and offer an Army-wide view of lo- making decisions. GFEBS is being imple- technology (AIT) solutions. As an RFID gistics information from the battlefield. mented across the active Army, Army Re- technology leader, J-AIT provides global GCSS-Army will allow commanders to an- serve and Army National Guard. For the asset tracking and Web-based radio fre- ticipate, allocate and synchronize the flow first time, the Army will have a single au- quency in-transit visibility (RF-ITV) services of resources across all areas of operations. thoritative source for financial and related through the upgrade, implementation and Army logisticians will realize significant nonfinancial data for the entire general maintenance of the RF-ITV system. It offers improvements in mission performance fund. Ultimately, GFEBS will replace a single point of contact for acquisition sup- over the current tactical logistics manage- and/or be subsuming more than 80 Army port and technical expertise for joint ser- ment information systems. GCSS-Army legacy accounting, financial and asset vices, federal agencies, the North Atlantic will replace aging, stovepiped tactical lo- management systems. When fully imple- Treaty Organization (NATO), and multina- gistics systems and associated financial ca- mented, GFEBS will be one of the world’s tional forces by establishing and maintain- pabilities and communicate with applica- largest ERP systems with some 79,000 ing contract vehicles for the procurement of ble Army command-and-control and joint users at more than 200 locations around AIT products and services. J-AIT offers systems as a follow-on initiative. This the world and about 1 million transactions complete program life-cycle support while Web-based system, supported by laptops each day. GFEBS will enable the Army to providing the joint warfighter and coalition and automatic identification technology better manage current budget require- partners with automated, near real-time ITV (AIT) devices, provides essential function- ments and better anticipate and estimate of materiel and equipment worldwide. It ality for limited disconnected operations future budget requirements for its more also supports multinational information and for connected operations using robust than $140 billion in annual expenditures. sharing by the DoD with NATO and coali- deployable communications to connect to The Installation Information Infrastruc- tion partners. a centralized database for all users at all ture Modernization Program (I3MP) mod- The Logistics Modernization Program echelons. ernizes installation infrastructure and terres- (LMP) provides a comprehensive, modern- General Fund Enterprise Business Sys- trial transmission (voice, video, data and ized logistics solution that enables Army tem (GFEBS) integrates financial, real connectivity) by using standard architecture Materiel Command (AMC) to provide property, cost, and performance data into a and equipment from multiple vendors. world-class logistics readiness to the Web-based ERP system. GFEBS standard- I3MP provides a robust and scalable net- warfighter. Operational since July 2003, izes business processes and transactional worked information infrastructure that al- LMP delivers a fully integrated suite of input across the Army, provides real-time lows migration to a network-centric, knowl- software and business processes that streamlines the maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO), planning, finance, acquisition, and supply of weapon systems, spare parts, services and materiel to the soldier. Fundamental to the Army’s transformation efforts, LMP replaces a stovepiped legacy systems environment and enables the Army to harness the power of precise, up- to-the-minute enterprise-wide data and improved business processes. The program manages a multibillion-dollar inventory with tens of thousands of vendors and integrates with more than 70 DoD systems. Now fully fielded, LMP operates at more than 50 locations worldwide with approxi- mately 25,000 users, delivering materiel to soldiers when and where they need it. Land Mobile Radio (LMR) modernizes the Army’s continental United States and Pacific nontactical LMR systems in order to support installation public safety organizations and functions. These include first re- sponders, force protection measures and other installation management functions. LMR provides spectrum efficiencies by executing the migration of Army posts, camps and stations to narrowband frequencies as A Logistics Modernization Program (LMP) facility mandated by the National Telecommunica-

340 ARMY I October 2012 tions and Information Administration. LMR acquires solutions that meet Associa- tion of Public Safety Communications Offi- cials P25 interoperability standards. Medical Communications for Combat Casualty Care (MC4) integrates, fields and supports a comprehensive medical information system, enabling lifelong electronic medical records, streamlined medical logistics and enhanced situational awareness for Army operational forces. MC4’s vision is to be the premier enabler for improved tactical health care and better decision making through the power of IT. MC4 is a ruggedized system of systems containing medical software packages fielded to operational medical forces worldwide. MC4 provides the tools to digitally record and transfer critical medical data from the fox- hole to medical treatment facilities worldwide. Deployable medical forces use the MC4 system to gain quick, accurate access to patient histories and forward casualty resuscitation information, as well as to deliver health-care services remotely through MC4 telehealth capabilities. Combatant Medical Communications for Combat Casualty Care (MC4) system commanders use the MC4 system to access medical surveillance information, result- servicemembers have a secure, accessible, DoD’s first and most comprehensive bat- ing in enhanced medical situational lifelong, electronic medical record (EMR), tlefield medical recording system and en- awareness. Most importantly, MC4 is help- which results in better informed health-care abling the capture of more than 17 million ing deployed servicemembers. By equip- providers and easier access to Department electronic patient encounters in the combat ping deployed medical units with auto- of Veterans Affairs medical benefits. MC4 zone since 2003. MC4 has also trained mated resources, MC4 helps ensure that is a groundbreaking system, managing the more than 62,000 deployable medical staff

October 2012 I ARMY 341 and commanders and has fielded 48,000 nications system earth terminals and base- complete product life-cycle management, systems to 2,400 units with medical per- band equipment for all military services premier transportation and distribution IT sonnel, including Army National Guard and agencies. SCS represents a system-of- solutions, transportation systems functional and Reserve soldiers, and all active com- systems approach for DoD satellite com- expertise and a 24/7 support operations ponent divisional units in 21 countries. munications sites and facilities. SCS com- center. MC4 remains the most widely used, com- bines baseband and terminal expertise in Vehicular Intercom Systems (VIS) al- prehensive information management med- one organization. The office provides com- lows soldiers to communicate in the high- ical system on the battlefield today. prehensive acquisition expertise; systems noise environments of combat vehicles—a Power Projection Enablers (P2E) enable engineering for all strategic, DoD teleport, high Army safety priority. VIS provides the the Army with globally connected capabili- standard tactical entry point (STEP), and current VIC-3 intercom system for Army ties that provide the full spectrum of gateway sites; configuration management; tactical vehicles, including those deployed network and information services so that and resolution of interoperability and in- in the conduct of current operations, as well soldiers, commands, and supporting orga- terface issues between baseband and radio as new production units. VIS provides sys- nizations can access, process and act upon frequency equipment. SCS also provides tems for vehicle upgrades, resets and re- information anytime, anywhere, for all op- for the application of Army and DoD poli- missioning programs. The VIC-3 allows erations. This enables the application of cies, directives and mandates; planning crews of tactical vehicles to communicate force across all phases of joint operations. and execution of advanced technology with each other above vehicle and/or com- P2E’s tenets are: host the Army’s applica- demonstration programs; and a common bat noise. VIC-3 enables all crew members tions, data, and IT services in an intercon- integrated logistics support (ILS) leader- to receive/transmit over a military radio. It nected set of globally linked and defended ship to minimize redundancies and juris- protects soldiers from permanent hearing data centers in both a physical and Cloud dictional issues. damage from high noise levels in modern environment; enable a globally connected Transportation Information Systems tactical vehicles through the use of state-of- Army to build and employ an informed (TIS) supports the joint logistics distribu- the-art active/passive noise-reducing head- warfighting force that can fight on arrival; tion process by improving efficiency and in- sets. VIC-3 is the standard vehicle intercom build a standardized, global info-structure teroperability within the Army transporta- in more than 50 tactical vehicle variants. that is scalable, accessible and defens- tion information systems for deployment, Multiple components allow tailoring for ible;ensure streamlined access to applica- sustainment and redeployment activities. specific vehicle configurations and connec- tions, service and data; provide capability Unit movements, theater operations, cargo tivity with many military communications to perform joint network operations; and management and air-load planning appli- systems. facilitate seamless transition from garrison cations are used throughout the transporta- The Wideband Control (WC) project of- to training to deployed missions with com- tion community that supports soldiers fice acquires and installs state-of-the-art mon services available in all environments. worldwide. The applications support the strategic satellite network control and plan- Satellite Communications Systems movement of personnel, equipment, and ning systems for use with the defense satel- (SCS) manages the acquisition, develop- sustainment cargo from home station to lite communications systems (DSCS), WGS ment and modernization of defense satel- destination and back, thus maintaining visi- and commercial satellite systems. All of the lite communications system (DSCS) and bility of the movement from the tactical, op- subsystems operations and communica- wideband global satellite (WGS) commu- erational and strategic levels. TIS provides tions between operators and processors are provided at one console location and are viewed from a multi-headed workstation, which allows access to the network database and permits simultaneous display of database components. These systems are typically deployed at wideband satellite operation centers worldwide. Enterprise Management Decision Sup- port (EMDS) enables the Department of the Army to achieve faster and more confident enterprise management decision support by retrieving and integrating disparate data to create a common access point for holistic and detailed Army operating force data to enhance understanding and decision making. EMDS is a Secret Internet Protocol Router Network-based, Web-enabled enterprise solution that provides integrated data from multiple authoritative data sources to present a common operating picture for units progressing through the Army force generation (ARFORGEN) cycle. Sponsored by the U.S. Army G-3/5/7, EMDS provides an ARFORGEN common operating picture and, soon, a force management common operating picture to support the Army’s global force management process of synchronizing, planning, sourcing, re- sourcing and executing unit and force de- ployments. Vehicular Intercom System (VIS)

342 ARMY I October 2012