Cedroxylon Lesbium (Unger) Kraus from the Petrified Forest of Lesbos, Lower Miocene of Greece and Its Possible Relationship to Cedrus

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Cedroxylon Lesbium (Unger) Kraus from the Petrified Forest of Lesbos, Lower Miocene of Greece and Its Possible Relationship to Cedrus N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Abh. 284/1 (2017), 75–87 Article E Stuttgart, April 2017 Cedroxylon lesbium (UNGER) KRAUS from the Petrified Forest of Lesbos, lower Miocene of Greece and its possible relationship to Cedrus Dimitra Mantzouka, Vasileios Karakitsios, and Jakub Sakala With 6 figures Abstract: The Petrified Forest of Lesbos has been the subject of the palaeobotanical research since the 19th century, but a number of inconsistencies still remain. One of them concerns the fossils described over 100 years ago that are characterized by lack of the accompanied illustrations, missing or even lost type material, rather general and uninformative descriptions and finally weak evidence about stratigra- phy and exact location of fossiliferous sites. We present here an accurate interpretation of Cedroxylon lesbium (UNGER) KRAUS from Sigri (Petrified Forest area, western peninsula of Lesbos Island), which is hosted at the collections of the Natural History Museum of Vienna, Austria. The specimen, which is designated here as a lectotype, is compared with living Cedrus wood, its attribution to Cedroxylon is discussed and finally, a new combination for its denomination is proposed: Taxodioxylon lesbium (UNGER) MANTZOukA & SAKALA, comb. nov. Key words: fossil conifer wood, modern wood of Cedrus, Petrified Forest of Lesbos, early Miocene, Mediterranean, Greece. 1. Introduction presents those in the annual fossils’ exhibition at the Landesmuseum Joanneum (Graz, Austria) in 1842 Lesbos Island is highly appreciated by the scientific (GROSS 1999). The Austrian Professor of Botany and community because of the occurrence of the famous Director of this museum’s Botanical garden FRANZ Miocene Petrified Forest at the western peninsula UNGER described this material (UNGER 1844, 1845, 1847, of the Island (Fig. 1), although there are numerous 1850). One of the samples was identified by UNGER as important plant fossiliferous findings also from other Peuce lesbia UNGER. Unfortunately no stratigraphic parts of the island (e.g., MANTZOukA et al. 2016). The information, full anatomical description or illustrations first references about the extraordinary fossil flora of accompanied the identification. The present paper gives the island belong to the famous Greek philosopher for the first time a detailed description of the lectotype and father of botany THEOPHRASTUS (3rd century B.C.) of Peuce lesbia, known today as Cedroxylon lesbium (MANTZOukA et al. 2013, in press). In the first half of (UNGER) KRAUS, and also brings a comparison with the the 19th century AD the Archduke Johann collects modern Cedrus species for investigating its botanical fossil samples from the Petrified Forest of Lesbos and affinities. ©2017 E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany www.schweizerbart.de DOI: 10.1127/njgpa/2017/0653 0077-7749/2017/0653 $ 3.25 eschweizerbart_xxx 76 Dimitra Mantzouka et al. Fig. 1. Lesbos Island palaeogeographical map during early Miocene. 2. Geology and stratigraphy of the study The central and western part of the Island is covered area by Neogene volcanic rocks (of calcium–alkaline and shoshonitic composition) originating from the volcanic Lesbos Island is located at the NE part of Aegean activity which took place at the Central-Northern and it belongs to the Pelagonian geotectonic zone of Aegean area (volcanic arc) and ended at the Western Greece which represents a fragment of the Cimmerian Anatolia during the upper Oligocene – middle Miocene Continent (MOUNTRAKIS 1986) with the bending of the (FYTIKAS et al. 1984). geotectonic zones to the E / NE to the Sakaraya Zone Concerning Cedroxylon findings from Lesbos of Asia Minor (THOMAIDOU 2009). Island, FLICHE (1898) described without giving further The geology of Lesbos has been described by details 4 types of Cedroxyla among his findings from several scientists (FYTIKAS et al. 1984; HECHT 1971- Ordymnos area (Cedroxylon type 1: samples No. 4, 31, 1974; KATSIKATSOS et al. 1982, 1986; MOUNTRAKIS 1986; Cedroxylon type 2: samples No 13-16, 23, Cedroxylon PE-PIPER 1980; PE-PIPER & PIPER 1993; THOMAIDOU type 3: samples No 3, 18, 24-30, Cedroxylon type 4: 2009), and it consists of: a) an autochthonous unit of sample No 8). Only one is permineralised (Cedroxylon Permo–Triassic age (basically extended in the south- type 4) among these fossils, the others are lignitic. eastern part of the Island) and b) two allochthonous Taking into account that the lignitic horizon is located units representing the volcanosedimentary nappe and in Lapsarna (Fig. 1) we come to the hypothesis that the ophiolite nappe. eschweizerbart_xxx Cedroxylon lesbium (UNGER) KRAUS from the Petrified Forest of Lesbos 77 FLICHE performed two different samplings. One with 4. Systematic part all lignitic samples was at the Lapsarna area, which some millions years ago (most probably in Ottnangian Family Cupressaceae GRAY sensu FARJON 2005 stage, MANTZOukA 2009; VASILEIADOU & ZOUROS 2012) Genus Taxodioxylon HARTIG hosted a palaeolake with a general low palaeoaltitude. The other one, hosting the permineralised tree trunks Taxodioxylon lesbium (UNGER) MANTZOukA & studied by FLICHE, was at the higher altitudes of SAKALA, comb. nov. Ordymnos Mountain. There is the Petrified Forest Park Fig. 2A-H (Bali Alonia). Although there is no stratigraphic evidence about Homotypic (nomenclatural) synonyms: the exact fossiliferous locality, the fossils UNGER (1844) 1844 Peuce lesbia UNGER, p. 37. had in his disposal come very possibly from Sigri area 1848 Pinites lesbius (UNGER). – GOEPPERT, p. 976. (or from Sigri until Ordymnos area, western peninsula 1870 Cedroxylon lesbium (UNGER). – KRAUS, p. 372. of Lesbos Island) which was easily accessible by boat. Material: One piece of wood (Fig. 2F) and four slides Moreover, this hypothesis is also supported by the among them three old and one new, sample No. D.38, reddish colour and the type of silicification (the fossil UNGER’s collection in the Natural History Museum of Vienna in hand is permineralised) of the original material that (lectotype, designated here). we re-studied. The reddish colour is connected with the Emended diagnosis: Homoxylous wood. Distinct growth reddish early Miocene stratigraphic horizon (enriched rings with abrupt transition from earlywood to latewood. in iron oxides) which hosts mostly permineralised Tracheid pitting opposite, uniseriate to predominantly stumps. According to PE-PIPER & PIPER (1993, 2002), biseriate. Crassulae present, helical and other wall Sigri pyroclastic deposits belong to the Skoutaros thickenings absent. Axial parenchyma diffuse to tangentially Formation and have been dated to 18.4 ± 0.5 Ma with zonate with smooth transverse end walls. Rays uniseriate or partly biseriate and very height (more than 30 cells). the use of K/Ar method. Ray tracheids absent. Ray walls, both horizontal and end (tangential), thin and smooth. Cross-field pits taxodioid in earlywood and cupressoid in latewood, mostly 1-3 per field 3. Material and methods arranged in one horizontal row (in marginal cells up to 4 per field arranged in two horizontal rows). Axial and radial The studied sections belong to the sample D.38 of UNGER’s intercellular (resin) canals absent. collection housed in the Natural History Museum of Vienna. Apart from the already existing sections, the Natural History Description: The slides come from a reddish permineralised Museum of Vienna made a new transverse one from the sample, about 10 centimeters in size. same type material UNGER had studied. The anatomical Transverse section: Nine distinct growth ring boundaries description is in accordance with IAWA Softwood List with a width from 0.4 to 1.2 mm (mean: 0.8 mm), transition (IAWA COmmITTEE 2004). For their microscopic observation from earlywood to latewood abrupt. The latewood is the facilities of the Faculty of Botany, Department of relatively wide and composed of 11-19 cells (mean: 14, Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens SD: 2.4). False rings are absent. Latewood tracheids thin- (Olympus CX41 optical microscope, Nikon D5000, 12.3 walled, torus well-defined, disc-shaped (Fig. 2A, B), axial megapixel camera), Laboratory of Electron Microscopy of parenchyma mainly diffuse, sometimes tangentially zonate the Agricultural University of Athens (Scanning Electron (Fig. 2A, B), axial intercellular (resin) canals absent. Microscope Jeol 6360, Olympus BX40 Light microscope Tangential longitudinal section: axial parenchyma is equipped with accessories for fluorescence microscopy, present, transverse end walls smooth (Fig. 2H), the rays are dark field and phase contrast, DP71 Olympus 12.5 megapixel very high, with more than 30 cells (Fig. 2G, H) and up to digital camera and “Soft Imaging System-CELL” Olympus biseriate in width (Fig. 2G, H), radial intercellular (resin) image analysis software), and Institute of Geology and canals absent. Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Radial longitudinal section: bordered pits in tracheids Prague (Olympus BX51 microscope, Olympus DP73 camera (Fig. 2C, E). The pits in radial walls of tracheids can be and QuickPHOTO MICRO 3.0 image analysis software) uniseriate but mainly tracheids have 2 rows of bordered pits were used. The modern wood specimens have been taken (tracheid pitting predominantly biseriate), arrangement of from “Julia & Alexander N. Diomedes” Botanic Garden of tracheid pitting in radial walls opposite (occasionally seems the University of Athens. The preparations of the modern alternate but it is due to the crowded pits),
Recommended publications
  • Museum of Economic Botany, Kew. Specimens Distributed 1901 - 1990
    Museum of Economic Botany, Kew. Specimens distributed 1901 - 1990 Page 1 - https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57407494 15 July 1901 Dr T Johnson FLS, Science and Art Museum, Dublin Two cases containing the following:- Ackd 20.7.01 1. Wood of Chloroxylon swietenia, Godaveri (2 pieces) Paris Exibition 1900 2. Wood of Chloroxylon swietenia, Godaveri (2 pieces) Paris Exibition 1900 3. Wood of Melia indica, Anantapur, Paris Exhibition 1900 4. Wood of Anogeissus acuminata, Ganjam, Paris Exhibition 1900 5. Wood of Xylia dolabriformis, Godaveri, Paris Exhibition 1900 6. Wood of Pterocarpus Marsupium, Kistna, Paris Exhibition 1900 7. Wood of Lagerstremia parviflora, Godaveri, Paris Exhibition 1900 8. Wood of Anogeissus latifolia , Godaveri, Paris Exhibition 1900 9. Wood of Gyrocarpus jacquini, Kistna, Paris Exhibition 1900 10. Wood of Acrocarpus fraxinifolium, Nilgiris, Paris Exhibition 1900 11. Wood of Ulmus integrifolia, Nilgiris, Paris Exhibition 1900 12. Wood of Phyllanthus emblica, Assam, Paris Exhibition 1900 13. Wood of Adina cordifolia, Godaveri, Paris Exhibition 1900 14. Wood of Melia indica, Anantapur, Paris Exhibition 1900 15. Wood of Cedrela toona, Nilgiris, Paris Exhibition 1900 16. Wood of Premna bengalensis, Assam, Paris Exhibition 1900 17. Wood of Artocarpus chaplasha, Assam, Paris Exhibition 1900 18. Wood of Artocarpus integrifolia, Nilgiris, Paris Exhibition 1900 19. Wood of Ulmus wallichiana, N. India, Paris Exhibition 1900 20. Wood of Diospyros kurzii , India, Paris Exhibition 1900 21. Wood of Hardwickia binata, Kistna, Paris Exhibition 1900 22. Flowers of Heterotheca inuloides, Mexico, Paris Exhibition 1900 23. Leaves of Datura Stramonium, Paris Exhibition 1900 24. Plant of Mentha viridis, Paris Exhibition 1900 25. Plant of Monsonia ovata, S.
    [Show full text]
  • THE SILVICULTURE of TREES USED in BRITISH FORESTRY, 2ND EDITION This Page Intentionally Left Blank the Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry, 2Nd Edition
    THE SILVICULTURE OF TREES USED IN BRITISH FORESTRY, 2ND EDITION This page intentionally left blank The Silviculture of Trees Used in British Forestry, 2nd Edition Peter Savill Former Reader in Silviculture University of Oxford With illustrations by Rosemary Wise CABI is a trading name of CAB International CABI CABI Nosworthy Way 38 Chauncey Street Wallingford Suite 1002 Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 800 552 3083 (toll free) Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Tel: +1 (0)617 395 4051 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © Peter Savill 2013. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Savill, Peter S. The silviculture of trees used in British forestry / Peter Savill. -- 2nd ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-78064-026-6 (alk. paper) 1. Forests and forestry--Great Britain. 2. Trees--Great Britain. I. Title. SD391.S285 2013 634.90941--dc23 2012043421 ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 026 6 Commissioning editor: Vicki Bonham Editorial assistants: Emma McCann and Alexandra Lainsbury Production editor: Lauren Povey Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India. Printed and bound in the UK by the MPG Books Group. Contents Acknowledgements viii Introduction 1 ABIES
    [Show full text]
  • Eduard Fenzls Anteil
    MARIA PETZ-GRABENBAUER ZUM LEBENSWERK VON EDUARD FENZL. DER BOTANISCHE GARTEN DER UNIVERSITÄT WIEN UND FENZLS BEITRAG AN DEN „GENERA PLANTARUM SECUNDUM ORDINES NATURALES DISPOSITA“ Ein gemeinsamer Weg „Vor allem muss man den Scharfsinn bewundern, mit dem es Fenzl gelingt, grössere Gruppen natürlich zu umgrenzen oder für zweifelhafte Gattungen den geeignetsten Platz im Systeme zu ermitteln. In dieser Beziehung sind die in Endlicher’s Generibus plantarum und in Ledebour’s Flora rossica bearbeiteten Familien als wahre Muster anzusehen. Hierin ist Fenzl mit Endlicher auf das Innigste verwandt; in der Beschrei- bung der einzelnen Arten übertrifft er ihn weit. Denn in dieser Richtung gebührt Fenzl das große Verdienst, dass er vorzüglich die organografisch und biologisch wichtigen Momente berücksichtigte und sich nicht bloß wie seine Vorgänger mit der Angabe der relativen Verhältnisse der einzelnen Theile begnügte, sondern sehr genaue absolute Messungen gebrauchte. So gelingt es ihm, einerseits seinen Beschreibungen eine große Genauigkeit zu verleihen, andererseits die von ihm aufgestellten Arten glücklich und natürlich zu begrenzen, so dass er stets die richtige Mitte zwischen zu großer Zer- splitterung in viele Arten, und den Vereinen von zu heterogenen Formen hält“.1 Mehr als 150 Jahre weitgehend unbeachtet blieben diese Ausführungen des Bota- nikers Heinrich Wilhelm Reichardt über den Anteil Eduard Fenzls an den „Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita“, die zwischen 1836 und 1840 von Stephan Ladislaus Endlicher veröffentlicht wurde. Mit diesem Werk gelang es Endli- cher neun Jahre vor seinem Tod, eine Übersicht des Pflanzenreiches herauszugeben, wie es seit den Arbeiten der Familie Jussieu Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts nicht wieder versucht worden war.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of How Natural Stand Structure for Narrow Endemic Cedrus Brevifolia Henry Supports Silvicultural Treatments for Its Sustainable Management
    Assessment of How Natural Stand Structure for Narrow Endemic Cedrus brevifolia Henry Supports Silvicultural Treatments for ItsISSN Sustainable 1847-6481 Management. eISSN 1849-0891 ORIGINAL SCIENTIFIC PAPER DOI: https://doi.org/10.15177/seefor.21-09 Assessment of How Natural Stand Structure for Narrow Endemic Cedrus brevifolia Henry Supports Silvicultural Treatments for Its Sustainable Management Elias Milios1,*, Petros Petrou2, Kyriakos Pytharidis2, Andreas K. Christou2, Nicolas-George H. Eliades3 (1) Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Forestry and Management of the Citation: Milios E, Petrou P, Pytharidis Environment and Natural Resources, Pantazidou 193, GR-68200 Orestiada, Greece; (2) K, Christou AK, Eliades N-GH, 2021. Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Department of Forests, Assessment of How Natural Stand Loukis Akritas 26, CY-1414 Nicosia, Cyprus; (3) Frederick University, Nature Conservation Structure for Narrow Endemic Cedrus Unit, P.O. Box 24729, CY-1303 Nicosia, Cyprus brevifolia Henry Supports Silvicultural Treatments for Its Sustainable *Correspondence: [email protected] Management. South-east Eur for 12(1): 21-34. https://doi.org/10.15177/ seefor.21-09. Received: 16 Feb 2021; Revised: 27 Apr 2021; Accepted: 14 May 2021; Published online: 19 Jun 2021 ABSTRACT Cedrus brevifolia Henry is a narrow endemic tree species of Cyprus flora. The objectives of this study are to develop silvicultural treatments for the conservation of the species formations based on the stand structure analysis ofC. brevifolia natural forest and to present the characteristics of the first application of the treatments through silvicultural interventions. Six structural types were distinguished in C. brevifolia formations in the study area located in the state forest of Paphos.
    [Show full text]
  • Trees, Shrubs, and Perennials That Intrigue Me (Gymnosperms First
    Big-picture, evolutionary view of trees and shrubs (and a few of my favorite herbaceous perennials), ver. 2007-11-04 Descriptions of the trees and shrubs taken (stolen!!!) from online sources, from my own observations in and around Greenwood Lake, NY, and from these books: • Dirr’s Hardy Trees and Shrubs, Michael A. Dirr, Timber Press, © 1997 • Trees of North America (Golden field guide), C. Frank Brockman, St. Martin’s Press, © 2001 • Smithsonian Handbooks, Trees, Allen J. Coombes, Dorling Kindersley, © 2002 • Native Trees for North American Landscapes, Guy Sternberg with Jim Wilson, Timber Press, © 2004 • Complete Trees, Shrubs, and Hedges, Jacqueline Hériteau, © 2006 They are generally listed from most ancient to most recently evolved. (I’m not sure if this is true for the rosids and asterids, starting on page 30. I just listed them in the same order as Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II.) This document started out as my personal landscaping plan and morphed into something almost unwieldy and phantasmagorical. Key to symbols and colored text: Checkboxes indicate species and/or cultivars that I want. Checkmarks indicate those that I have (or that one of my neighbors has). Text in blue indicates shrub or hedge. (Unfinished task – there is no text in blue other than this text right here.) Text in red indicates that the species or cultivar is undesirable: • Out of range climatically (either wrong zone, or won’t do well because of differences in moisture or seasons, even though it is in the “right” zone). • Will grow too tall or wide and simply won’t fit well on my property.
    [Show full text]
  • And Interspecific Variations of Polycyclism in Young Trees of Cedrus Atlantica (Endl.) Manetti Ex
    Intra- and interspecific variations of polycyclism in young trees of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex. Carrière and Cedrus libani A. Rich (Pinaceae) Sylvie Sabatier, Philippe Baradat, Daniel Barthelemy To cite this version: Sylvie Sabatier, Philippe Baradat, Daniel Barthelemy. Intra- and interspecific variations of polycyclism in young trees of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex. Carrière and Cedrus libani A. Rich (Pinaceae). Annals of Forest Science, Springer Nature (since 2011)/EDP Science (until 2010), 2003, 60 (1), pp.19- 29. 10.1051/forest:2002070. hal-00883673 HAL Id: hal-00883673 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00883673 Submitted on 1 Jan 2003 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Ann. For. Sci. 60 (2003) 19–29 19 © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2003 DOI: 10.1051/forest: 2002070 Original article Intra- and interspecific variations of polycyclism in young trees of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex. Carrière and Cedrus libani A. Rich (Pinaceae) Sylvie Sabatier*, Philippe Baradat and Daniel Barthelemy Unité Mixte de Recherche, CIRAD-INRA-CNRS-EPHE-Univ. Montpellier II, botAnique et bioinforMatique de l’Architecture des Plantes, TA 40/PSII, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France (Received 15 November 2001; accepted 11 April 2002) Abstract – Growth pattern and polycyclism were studied for three French populations of Cedrus atlantica, and ten populations of Cedrus libani (seven Turkish and three Lebanese populations).
    [Show full text]
  • Agrobiodiversity.2019.2585-8246.111-126
    https://doi.org/10.15414/agrobiodiversity.2019.2585-8246.111-126 AGROBIODIVERSITY FOR IMPROVING NUTRITION , HEALTH AND LIFE QUALITY 2019 ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF THREE COMMERCIAL ESSENTIAL OILS DERIVED FROM PLANTS BELONGING TO FAMILY PINACEAE Truchan Mariola1, Tkachenko Halyna*1, Buyun Lyudmyla2, Kurhaluk Natalia1, Góralczyk Anna1, Tomin Vładimir3, Osadowski Zbigniew1 1 2 3Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Poland M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine Department of Physics, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Poland Received: 19. 11. 2019 Revised: 27. 11. 2019 Published: 30. 11. 2019 AbiesThe aim alba of this study was to compareAbies sibirica the antibacterial effects of several essential oils derived from plants belonging to family Pinaceae and subfamily Abietoideae (cedar oil, fir oils derived from Silver fir Mill. and Siberian fir L., respectively)Abies alba against some Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacteria. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test for measuringAbies zone sibirica diameters of bacterial growth inhibition was used. The fir oil derived from Silver fir Escherichia showed considerably coli more profound Staphylococcusactivity than the aureus cedar oil and fir oilPseudomonas derived from aeruginosa Siberian fir . Maximum antibacterial activeactivity against was shownK. pneumoniae by essential oil of silver fir oil against , methicillin-sensitive P. aeruginosa (MSSA), and Staphylococcus. Silver aureus fir essential oil was found to be while Siberian fir essential oil showed the mild activity of clear inhibition zone against and methicillin-sensitive . Silver fir essential oil has the highest antibacterial potential from all tested essential oils and could be a promising candidate concerning possible applicability in the prevention of bacterial growth.
    [Show full text]
  • Fremontia Journal of the California Native Plant Society
    $10.00 (Free to Members) VOL. 40, NO. 1 AND VOL. 40, NO. 2 • JANUARY 2012 AND MAY 2012 FREMONTIA JOURNAL OF THE CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY THE NEW JEPSONJEPSON MANUALMANUAL THE FIRST FLORA OF CALIFORNIA NAMING OF THE GENUS SEQUOIA FENS:FENS: AA REMARKABLEREMARKABLE HABITATHABITAT AND OTHER ARTICLES VOL. 40, NO. 1 AND VOL. 40, NO. 2, JANUARY 2012 AND MAY 2012 FREMONTIA CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY CNPS, 2707 K Street, Suite 1; Sacramento, CA 95816-5130 FREMONTIA Phone: (916) 447-CNPS (2677) Fax: (916) 447-2727 Web site: www.cnps.org Email: [email protected] VOL. 40, NO. 1, JANUARY 2012 AND VOL. 40, NO. 2, MAY 2012 MEMBERSHIP Membership form located on inside back cover; Copyright © 2012 dues include subscriptions to Fremontia and the CNPS Bulletin California Native Plant Society Mariposa Lily . $1,500 Family or Group . $75 Bob Hass, Editor Benefactor . $600 International or Library . $75 Patron . $300 Individual . $45 Beth Hansen-Winter, Designer Plant Lover . $100 Student/Retired/Limited Income . $25 Brad Jenkins, Cynthia Powell, CORPORATE/ORGANIZATIONAL and Cynthia Roye, Proofreaders 10+ Employees . $2,500 4-6 Employees . $500 7-10 Employees . $1,000 1-3 Employees . $150 CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY STAFF – SACRAMENTO CHAPTER COUNCIL Executive Director: Dan Glusenkamp David Magney (Chair); Larry Levine Dedicated to the Preservation of Finance and Administration (Vice Chair); Marty Foltyn (Secretary) Manager: Cari Porter Alta Peak (Tulare): Joan Stewart the California Native Flora Membership and Development Bristlecone (Inyo-Mono):
    [Show full text]
  • Jahresbericht 2019 Neue Folge 49 – Graz 2020 Jahresbericht 2019 Neue Folge 49 – Graz 2020
    Jahresbericht 2019 Neue Folge 49 – Graz 2020 Jahresbericht 2019 Neue Folge 49 – Graz 2020 Herausgeber Universalmuseum Joanneum GmbH Mariahilferstraße 2–4 A-8020 Graz Geschäftsführung Kaufmännische Geschäftsführerin Alexia Getzinger Wissenschaftlicher Geschäftsführer Wolfgang Muchitsch Redaktion Karl Peitler Grafische Konzeption Lichtwitz – Büro für visuelle Kommunikation Satz Beatrix Schliber-Knechtl Umschlaggestaltung Leo Kreisel-Strauß und Karin Buol-Wischenau Abbildungen Umschlag Sujets CoSA – Center of Science Activities Illustrationen: Harald Niessner Druck Medienfabrik Graz ISBN 978-3-903179-26-4 Graz 2020 4 Vorwort Inhalt 6 Kuratorium 8 Generalversammlung & Aufsichtsrat 10 Wissenschaftliche & Kaufmännische Geschäftsführung Museumsabteilungen 14 Naturkunde 58 Archäologie & Münzkabinett 84 Schloss Eggenberg & Alte Galerie 118 Neue Galerie Graz 144 Kunsthaus Graz 164 Kunst im Außenraum 184 Kulturgeschichte 216 Volkskunde 254 Schloss Stainz 268 Schloss Trautenfels Serviceabteilungen 290 Interne Dienste 296 Außenbeziehungen 300 Abteilung für Besucher/innen 324 Museumsservice 338 Besuchsstatistik Vorwort 4 Das Jahr 2019, das letzte Jahr, bevor COVID-19 den gewohnten, geregelten Lauf der Welt durcheinanderwirbelte, war neben einem wieder sehr inten- siven Ausstellungsgeschehen in allen Häusern sowie einer regen Samm- lungstätigkeit gekennzeichnet von einer Erweiterung unserer Museen. Mit 1. Jänner 2019 wurde das Österreichische Freilichtmuseum Stübing nach monatelanger Vorbereitung in das Universalmuseum Joanneum eingeglie- dert und im Oktober 2019 das CoSA – Center of Science Activities im Joanneumsviertel nach mehrjähriger Planung in Kooperation mit dem Grazer Kindermuseum FRida & freD eröffnet. Diese Erweiterungen waren ausschlaggebend dafür, dass die Erfolgsent- wicklung der letzten Jahre 2019 erneut zu einem Rekordergebnis geführt hat. Mit 700.168 Besuchen konnte das beste Resultat in der 208-jährigen Geschichte des Joanneums verzeichnet werden, die Einnahmenerlöse sind demgemäß in den letzten 10 Jahren um 149 % gestiegen.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacy 250 15-Lipoxygenase Inhibition
    Rev. Med. Chir. Soc. Med. Nat., Iaşi – 2013 – vol. 117, no. 1 PHARMACY ORIGINAL PAPERS 15-LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITION, SUPEROXIDE AND HYDROXYL RADICALS SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF CEDRUS BREVIFOLIA BARK EXTRACTS Elena Creţu1, Adriana Trifan2, Ana Clara Aprotosoaie2, Anca Miron2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa" – Iasi Faculty of Pharmacy 1. Ph. D. student 2. Discipline of Pharmacognosy 15-LIPOXYGENASE INHIBITION, SUPEROXIDE AND HYDROXYL RADICALS SCAV- ENGING ACTIVITIES OF CEDRUS BREVIFOLIA BARK EXTRACTS (Abstract): Cedrus brevifolia (Hook. f.) Henry, a species endemic to Cyprus, has not been studied regarding its constituents and potential biological activities. Material and methods: A crude extract from Cedrus brevifolia bark and its four fractions (diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aque- ous fractions) were investigated regarding their capacity to inhibit 15-lipoxygenase and scav- enge reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals). Catechin was used as positive control in all antioxidant assays. Results and discussion: In the superoxide anion rad- ical scavenging assay, the crude extract showed the highest activity (EC 50 = 57.73±1.25 µg/mL) comparable to that of the positive control, catechin (EC50 = 52.60±1.65 µg/mL). All other frac- tions exhibited noticeable scavenging effects against superoxide radical, their EC 50 values ranging from 76.33±3.50 to 91.06±4.45 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions were the most active in the hydroxyl radical scavenging (EC50 = 580.20±18.72 and 792.10±15.36 µg/mL, respectively) and 15-lipoxygenase inhibition assays (EC50 = 34.0±0.9 and 40.96±0.45 µg/mL, respectively).
    [Show full text]
  • Conifer Road Trip
    AMERICAN CONIFER SOCIETY coniferVOLUME 33, NUMBER 3 | SUMMER 2016 QUARTERLY FEATURED ON PAGE 11 Southern California CONIFER ROAD TRIP INSIDE THIS ISSUE: Dibble Bar 101 by Larry Nau, ACS Past President • Page 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 18 04 24 06 Dibble Bar 101 Rossford, Ohio Conifer Gardens Larry Nau 04 14 Paul Pfeifer Plant More Conifers! Cox Arboretum: Dendrological Jewel of Ronald J. Elardo, Ph.D. 06 18 the Southeast Dr. Zsolt Debreczy Can’t Get Enough Conifers— Cupressus lusitanica Miller (Ciprés) in Containers 09 22 Martin Stone, Ph.D. Barbara Blossom Ashmun 2015 Southern California Western Regional Conference: Conifer Road Trip 11 24 September 8–10, 2016 Sara Malone Rendezvous Out West Southeast Region ACS Dan Spear 13 26 Reference Gardens Summer 2016 Volume 33, Number 3 CONIFERQuarterly (ISSN 8755-0490) is published quarterly by the American Conifer Society. The Society is a non- CONIFER profit organization incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and is tax exempt under Quarterly section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Service Code. You are invited to join our Society. Please address Editor membership and other inquiries to the American Conifer Ronald J. Elardo Society National Office, PO Box 1583, Minneapolis, MN 55311, [email protected]. Membership: US & Canada $38, International $58 (indiv.), $30 (institutional), $50 Technical Editors (sustaining), $100 (corporate business) and $130 (patron). Steven Courtney If you are moving, please notify the National Office 4 weeks David Olszyk in advance. Advisory Committee All editorial and advertising matters should be sent to: Tom Neff, Committee Chair Ron Elardo, 5749 Hunter Ct., Adrian, MI 49221-2471, (517) 902-7230 or email [email protected] Sara Malone Ronald J.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution, Revolution, and Reform in Vienna: Franz Unger's Ideas On
    Journal of the History of Biology 31: 179–209, 1998. 179 © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Evolution, Revolution, and Reform in Vienna: Franz Unger’s Ideas on Descent and Their Post-1848 Reception SANDER GLIBOFF Department of the History of Science, Medicine, and Technology The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD 21218, U.S.A. Introduction Beginning in the fall of 1851, Viennese readers could follow a heated dis- pute in the press involving botanist Franz Unger (1800–1871) and his new theory of evolution. Unger was one of the professors recruited for the Uni- versity of Vienna in the course of educational reforms begun in response to the Revolutions of 1848. He was already well known for many and varied contributions to cell biology, plant physiology and pathology, biogeography, and paleobotany, and he was expected to help make Vienna into a center of scientific research. Today, accounts of Unger’s work may be found in histories of botany and surveys of pre-Darwinian evolution, as well as in some of the literature on Gregor Mendel, who attended Unger’s courses in the early 1850s.1 Unger set off the dispute with a series of newspaper articles, titled Botanische Briefe (Botanical letters), in which he argued that all plants 1 On Unger’s contributions to botany, see Johanna Enslein, “Die wissenschaftsge- schichtliche Untersuchung und Wertung der anatomischen, physiologischen und ökologischen Arbeiten von Franz Unger,” Ph. D. diss., University of Vienna, 1960; Martin Möbius, Geschichte der Botanik (Jena: Gustav Fischer, 1937); Julius Sachs, Geschichte der Botanik (Munich: R. Oldenbourg, 1875).
    [Show full text]