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Introduction Notes Introduction 1. Jean Dunbabin, Captivity and Imprisonment in Medieval Europe, 1000–1300 (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2002); Guy Geltner, The Medieval Prison: A Social History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008), p. 10. 2. Some of these include: Cécile Bertrand- Dagenbach et al., eds, Carcer 1: Prison et privation de liberté dans l’Antiquité classique (Paris: De Boccard, 1999); Cécile Bertrand- Dagenbach et al., eds, Carcer II: Prison et privation de liberté dans l’empire romain et l’Occident médiéval; actes du colloque de Strasbourg (Décembre 2000) (Paris: De Boccard, 2004); Julie Claustre, Dans les geôles du roi: L’emprisonnement pour dette à Paris à la fin du Moyen Âge (Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2007); James Given, Inquisition and Medieval Society: Power, Discipline and Resistance in Languedoc (Ithaca and New York: Cornell University Press, 1997); Joanna Summers, Late- Medieval Prison Writing and the Politics of Autobiography (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004); Esther Cohen, The Crossroads of Justice: Law and Culture in Late Medieval France (Leiden: Brill, 1993). 3. Annik Porteau- Bitker, ‘L’Emprisonnement dans le droit laïque du moyen âge’, Revue historique du droit francais et etranger ser. 4: 46 (1968), 211–45, 389– 428; Laura Ikins Stern, The Criminal Law System of Medieval and Renaissance Florence (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994); Norval Morris and David Rothman, eds, The Oxford History of the Prison: The Practice of Punishment in Western Society (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1995). For a critique of this trajectory, see Geltner, The Medieval Prison, especially pp. 6–10. 4. Gotthold Bohne, Die Freiheitsstrafe in den italienischen Stadtrechten des 12–16. Jahrhunderts, Leipziger Rechtswissenschafliche Studien 4, 9 (Leipzig: T. Weicher, 1922–25). For a good account of Bohne’s influence, see Geltner, The Medieval Prison, introduction. Ralph Pugh, Imprisonment in Medieval England (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968). And for an accessible over- view see Guy Geltner, ‘Medieval Prisons: Between Myth and Reality, Hell and Purgatory’, History Compass 4 (2006), 261–74. 5. Dunbabin, Captivity and Imprisonment in Medieval Europe. See also Richard Ireland, ‘Theory and Practice within the Medieval English Prison’, American Journal of Legal History 31 (1987), 57–67. 6. Erving Goffmann, Asylums: Essays on the Condition of the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates (Chicago, IL: Aldine, 1961). 7. Michel Foucault, Surveiller et punir: Naissance de la prison (Paris: Gallimard, 1975). 8. Pieter Spierenburg, The Spectacle of Suffering: Executions and the Evolution of Repression. From a Preindustrial Metropolis to the European Experience (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984). 9. Morris and Rothman, eds, The Oxford History of the Prison, p. viii. 135 136 Notes 10. Geltner, The Medieval Prison; Guy Geltner, ‘Coping in Medieval Prisons’, Continuity and Change 23 (2008), 151–72; Geltner, ‘Isola non Isolata: Le Stinche in the Middle Ages’, Annali di Storia di Firenze 3 (2008), 9–30; Geltner, ‘Detrusio: Penal Cloistering in the Middle Ages’, Revue Bénédictine 118 (2008), 89–108. 11. See also Claustre, Les Geoles du Roi, for the urban environment and the use of the prison for debt. 12. For some examples, see Victor Brombert, La Prison Romantique: Essai sur l’Imaginaire (Paris: J. Corti, 1975); David Garland, Punishment and Modern Society: A Study in Social Theory (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990); Michael Ignatieff, A Just Measure of Pain: The Penitentiary in the Industrial Revolution, 1750–1850 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1980); Martin J. Wiener, Reconstructing the Criminal: Culture, Law, and Policy in England, 1830–1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990). 13. Jean Leclercq, ‘Le cloître est- il une prison?’, Revue d’ascétique et de mystique 47 (1971), 407–20; Gregorio Penco, ‘Monasterium- Carcer’, Studia Monastica 8 (1966), 133–43; Paul Meyvaert, ‘The Medieval Monastic Claustrum’, Gesta 12 (1973), 53–9; Joan M. Ferrante, ‘Images of the Cloister – Haven or Prison?’, Medievalia 12 (1989), 57–66. 14. Elisabeth Lusset, ‘La Criminalité dans les communautés régulières en l’Occident (France et Angleterre principalement) (XIIe–XVe siècles)’, unpub- lished PhD Dissertation, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 2009. 15. Julia Hillner, Prison, Punishment and Penance in Late Antiquity (forthcoming, Cambridge University Press); see also Julia Hillner, ‘Monastic Imprisonment in Justinian’s Novels’, Journal of Early Christian Studies 15 (2007), 205–37; for a recent reading of the context of penance in the early period, see Mayke de Jong, The Penitential State: Authority and Atonement in the Age of Louis the Pious, 814–840 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009). 16. Given, Inquisition and Medieval Society; see also Andrew Roach, ‘Penance and the Origins of the Inquisition’, Journal of Ecclesiastical History 52 (2001), 409–33. 17. Some recent volumes are: Barbara H. Rosenwein, Negotiating Space: Power, Restraint and Privileges of Immunity in Early Medieval Europe (Ithaca and New York: Cornell University Press, 1999); Barbara A. Hanawalt and Michal Kobialka, eds, Medieval Practices of Space, Medieval Cultures 23 (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2000); Bruce Gordon and Peter Marshall, eds, The Place of the Dead in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000); John Howe and Michael Wolfe, eds, Inventing Medieval Landscapes: Senses of Place in Western Europe (Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida, 2001); Virginia Chieffo Raguin and Sarah Stanbury, eds, Women’s Space: Patronage, Place, and Gender in the Medieval Church (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2005); Clare A. Lees and Gillian R. Overing, eds, A Place to Believe In: Locating Medieval Landscapes (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2006); for the gen- esis of ideas concerning the social construction of space, see, inter alia, Henri Lefebvre, The Production of Space, trans., Donald Nicholson- Smith (Oxford: Blackwell, 1991); Bill Hillier and Julienne Hanson, The Social Logic of Space (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984). For the most frequently cited theoretical models for the study of space, see Pierre Bourdieu, Algeria Notes 137 1960, trans., R. Nice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979); Michel de Certeau, The Practice of Everyday Life, trans., S. Rendall, (Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press, 1984); Michel Foucault, ‘Espace, savoir et pouvoir’, in Michel Foucault, Dits et écrits 1954–1988, 4 vols (Paris: Gallimard, 1994), 4, pp. 270–85; Foucault, Surveiller et punir; Régine Le Jan, ed., Construction de l’espace au moyen age. Pratiques et representations (Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne, 2007). 18. Lefebvre, Production of Space; see also Kanishka Goonewardena, Stefan Kipfer, Richard Milgrom, Christian Schmid, eds, Space, Difference, Everyday Life: Reading Henri Lefebvre (London and New York: Routledge, 2008); and the selected essays translated into English in Neil Brenner and Stuart Elden, eds, and Gerald Moore, Neil Brenner and Stuart Elden, trans., Space, State, World (Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 2009). 19. Space is ‘constituted through interactions, from the immensity of the global to the intimately tiny’, Doreen Massey, For Space (London and New York: Routledge, 2005), p. 9. 20. Doreen Massey, For Space, p. 130. 21. See, inter alia: Dominique Iogna- Prat, La maison Dieu: Une histoire monu- mentale de l’Église au Moyen Âge (Paris: Seuil, 2006); Dawn Marie Hayes, Body and Sacred Place in Medieval Europe, 1100–1389 (New York: Routledge, 2003); Andrew Spicer and Sarah Hamilton, eds, Defining the Holy: Sacred Space in Medieval and Early Modern Europe (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2005); Dominique Iogna- Prat, ‘Constructions chrétiennes d’un espace politique’, Le Moyen âge 107: 1 (2001), 49–69; Megan Cassidy- Welch, Monastic Spaces and their Meanings: Thirteenth-Century English Cistercian Monasteries (Turnhout: Brepols, 2001); Léon Pressouyre, ed., L’espace cistercien (Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques, 1994). 22. Will Coster and Andrew Spicer, eds, Sacred Space in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), p. 9, drawing on Mircea Eliade, The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1959). 23. Roberta Gilchrist, Gender and Material Culture: The Archaeology of Religious Women (London and New York: Routledge, 1994); Roberta Gilchrist, Norwich Cathedral Close: The Evolution of the English Cathedral Landscape (Woodbridge, UK and Rochester, New York: Boydell, 2005). 24. Lefebvre, The Production of Space, p. 254. 25. For both examples, see Leclercq, ‘Le cloître est-il une prison?’ 26. Megan Cassidy- Welch, ‘Pilgrimage and Embodiment: Captives and the Cult of Saints in late- medieval Bavaria’, Parergon 20: 2 (2003), 47–70. 27. J.- M. Vidal, Un inquisiteur jugé par ses victimes. Jean Galand et les Carcassonnais (1285–1286) (Paris: A. Picard, 1903). 28. Valerie Flint, ‘Space and Discipline in Early Medieval Europe’, in Hanawalt and Kobialka, eds, Medieval Practices of Space, pp. 149–66 at pp. 159–60. 29. Laura L. Howes, ‘Introduction’, in Laura L. Howes, ed., Place, Space and Landscape in Medieval Narrative (Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Press, 2007), p. viii. 30. For gaol delivery roles, see Pugh, Imprisonment in Medieval England
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