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Botany

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New Taxa and New Combinations of (Diagnoses Fungorum Novorum Agaricalium IV)

Rolf Singer

1989 lication 1402

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lorado Island. Stanford U;i Stanford. ( ,TON. 1963. A comparison of montane and lowland rain forest' nd fioristics. Journal of Ecology. 51: 567- in In D. ma: Cultural patterns visions, pp. 63-80. Browman, L.,|

. Mouton Publishers. The Hague. Netherlands. ador, pp. 785-821. In Steward. J. H., ed.. Handbook of South

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THIS PUBLICATION IS PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER. FIELDIANA

Botany NEW SERIES, NO. 21

New Taxa and New Combinations of Agaricales (Diagnoses Fungorum Novorum Agaricalium IV)

Rolf Singer

Research Associate in Department of Botany Field Museum of Natural History Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496

Accepted May 5, 1987 Published August 31, 1989 Publication 1402

PUBLISHED BY FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 1989 Field Museum of Natural History Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 89-83633 ISSN 00 15-0746 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Table of Contents

PLUTEACEAE

ABSTRACT 1 Volvariella 92

INTRODUCTION 1 Pluteus 93 POLYPORACEAE AGARICACEAE Pleurotus 2 Leucoagaricus 98 HYGROPHORACEAE Leucocoprinus 98 Hygrotrama 2 Hiatulopsis 98 Hygrocybe 3 Cystolepiota 98 Hygroaster 6 Lepiota 99 TRICHOLOMATACEAE Chamaemyces 100 Podabrella 7 COPRINACEAE Clitocybe 8 Psathyrella 101 Lepista 10 BOLBITIACEAE Tricholomopsis 10 Conocybe 103 Tricholoma 11 Pholiotina 105 Armillariella 12 STROPHARIACEAE Omphalina 13 Stropharia 107 Gerronema 13 Naematoloma 108 Lactocollybia 18 Psilocybe 108 Leucopaxillus 19 Melanotus 109 Melanoleuca 20 Pholiota 112 Collybia 21 Phaeomarasmius 113 Neoclitocybe 25 CORTINARIACEAE Marasmiellus 26 Alnicola 116 Hohenbuehelia 38 Gymnopilus 116 Stigmatolemma 43 Galerina 116 Oudemansiella 43 CREPIDOTACEAE Mycenella 44 Melanomphalia 119 Marasmius 45 Simocybe 119 Gloiocephala 66 Crepidotus 121 Crinipellis 66 ENTOLOMATACEAE Chaetocalathus 67 Rhodocybe 122 Hemimycena 67 BOLETACEAE 69 Gyrodon 123 Hydropus 85 Phylloporus 1 24 Dennisiomyces 88 Xerocomus 1 24

Dermoloma 88 Boletus 1 24 Xeromphalina 89 Tylopilus 125 Baeospora 90 Austroboletus 1 26 Fayodia 90 RUSSULACEAE Cyptotrama 91 Russula 126 AMANITACEAE Lactarius 132

Limacella . 92 LITERATURE CITED . .133

in

New Taxa and New Combinations of Agaricales (Diagnoses Fungorum Novorum Agaricalium IV)

Abstract

A total of 276 new species is described, 1 in rather than before the appearance of the respective Polyporaceae, 10 in Hygrophoraceae, 182 in Tri- edition of the book, a circumstance which gives cholomataceae, 1 in Amanitaceae, 15 in Plutea- us an opportunity to add a few species not inte- ceae, 8 in Agaricaceae, 4 in Coprinaceae, 9 in Bol- grated in the scheme provided in The Agaricales bitiaceae, 1 5 in Strophariaceae, 5 in Cortinariaceae, in Modern but important for taxon- 7 in Crepidotaceae, 3 in Entolomataceae, 5 in Bol- omical, ecological, or other reasons. etaceae, and 1 1 in Russulae. Furthermore, 1 3 new In the present circumstances, an English trans- varieties (in Tricholomataceae, Pluteaceae, Bol- lation of the Latin diagnoses is not warranted in- bitiaceae, Cortinariaceae, Boletaceae, and Rus- asmuch as the diagnoses are extended to give all sulaceae) and 21 new combinations (in Tricho- data available and necessary for a full description. lomataceae, Pluteaceae, Agaricaceae, Coprinaceae, According to the wishes of the editor and a large Bolbitiaceae, Strophariaceae, Cortinariaceae, Bol- number of mycologists, all but the descriptive data etaceae, and Russulaceae) are proposed. are now given in English. Colors are, where pos- sible and desirable, indicated in color chart terms which are those of Maerz & Paul (1930) [M&P], Munsell (1947) [Mu], or Kornerup & Wanscher (1968) [Methuen]. Where other color charts were Introduction used, those are indicated in the respective descrip- tion and bibliography. The "typus" indicated for The new taxa proposed in this paper have been the new taxa should be understood as representing described, illustrated, and discussed previously (but the holotype as far as the author's intention is not validly published, or not published in the cor- concerned, and consists of a single collection and rect combination) or will be described and illus- specimen. Where the type collection has been di- trated in monographic papers now in preparation. vided, the location of the holotype is indicated. If they are based on not validly published species This author is not responsible for later transfers of the author they are here validly published be- of specimens to other institutions. The herbaria cause their first mention was published in works housing the quoted specimens are abbreviated as not dedicated to species descriptions (Singer, 1 984, in the Index Herbariorum (1974). Other abbre- 1986; Singer & Araujo, 1979). The various edi- viations are restricted to those easily understood tions of Singer, The Agaricales in Modern Tax- and in general use in mycology. onomy (195 1-1986) were accompanied by papers The families and genera are arranged exactly as providing the descriptions of newly introduced in Singer, The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy species for this work (Singer, 1948, 1961, 1973). (1986), and terms are used in the sense explained The present paper is a continuation of this series. in this work. Within the genera the species are In the present case it will appear somewhat after arranged in alphabetical order.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES IV POLYPORACEAE (Fr.) Fr. mazinho, 26 1978, Singer B 10990 (INPA). Ad- ditional collection: same locality, 26 III 1980, B 12084 Pleurotus favoloides Sing., spec. nov. Singer (INPA).

Because of the Pileo hyalino, hygrophano, albicante, glabro vel shape of the lamellae and the subglabro, ad marginem interdum fimbriato-cren- wide subhymenium, this species belongs in the ulato sed vix ciliato, pustulato-scrobiculato, con- genus Pleurotus, sect. Lentodiellum, near P. sub- vexo, mox applanato, profunde umbilicato supra tills (Berk.) Sing., but the anastomosing lamellae and the are similar stipitem, 1 5-37 mm lato. 1 aim-Mis albis, plus min- pustulose-scrobiculate pileus usve crenulatis vel sinuosis ad aciem, sub lente to those of Favolus (sensu Fries), for example Po- Pers. Favolus brasiliensis irregulariter hispidulis ex epigris, angustis, inter- lyporus dermoporus (= venosis, arcuatis, decurrentibus. Stipite albo, sub- Fr.) The lamellae in our species are not strictly centrali vel sublaterali, nudo, glabro solido, basin favoloid but merely strongly intervenose. Species versus attenuate sed ad basin ipsam frequenter like Pleurotus favoloides show how futile it is to or leniter incrassato, curvato, 1 1-22 x 1.2-1.7 mm. separate Polyporus "Favolus" from Pleurotus them in different fami- Velo nullo. Carne pilei primum subcarnosa, flex- (or Lentinus) by inserting lies or orders. ibili, albo, immutabili. Odore subnullo. Sapore miti. Sporis 7-9.5 x 2.5-3.3 Mm, oblongo-subfuso- ideis vel plus minusve cylindraceis, levibus, ina- myloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-29 x 5.3-6 Mm, sterigmatibus saepe elongatis (usque ad 1 7 Mm lon- HYGROPHORACEAE Roze gis), basi fibulata, basidiolis baud fusoideis. Cys- tidiis nullis, sed cheilocystidiis ad aciem baud het- Hygrotrama araguense Sing., spec. nov. eromorpham numerosis, frequenter fasciculatis, 25-63 x 3.5-7.5 fim, subfilamentosis, apice ro- Pileo fusco-fuligineo, subfibrilloso e fibrillis ple- tundatis vel raro breviter angusteque mucronatis, rumque appressis, levi, convexo, centre profunde rarissime lateraliter ramosis, hyalinis. Epigris (pegs) infundibuliformi, 6-9 mm lato. I .arm-Mis albis, ad latera aciemque lamellarum (10-)70-75 nm subdistantibus, sublatis, crassiusculis, acie inte- longis, hyphosis, multiseptatis, hyphis 2.5-4 /nm gris, profunde decurrentibus. Stipite brunnes- latis apiceque rotundatis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis cente, glabro, levi, subaequali, circiter 20 x 1 mm. omnibus inamyloideis, baud gelatinosis, in pileo Velo nullo. Carne alba vel albida, inodora. primum generativis tantum sed postea amphim- Sporis 9.5-12 x 6.5-8.5 nm, ellipsoideis, itice cum sceletico-ligativis intermixtis, fibulis in depressione applanationeque suprahilari destitu- generativis numerosis; tramate hymenophorali ir- tis, inamyloideis, levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis bis- regulari, hyphis intertextis tenuiter vel crasse tun- poris, 49-67 x 6.5-8.5 Mm, sterigmatibus usque icatis (his pariete 1.2-1.7 pm crassa, hyalina in- ad 1 Mm longis. Cystidiis cheilocystiisque nullis. structis), 0.7-4 Mm crassis, hinc inde usque ad 1 1 Hyphis hyalinis, defibulatis, in parte superiore ^m inflatis; hyphis sceletico-ligativis longissimis multis inflatis (usque ad 10 Mm diam.), minus in- sine septis, saepe furcatis vel curvato-flexuis, apice flatis in parte inferiore, omnibus inamyloideis ne- cauda angustata subacuta instructis. Subhymenio que gelatinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, 12-15 nm alto, multiseptato, parte inferiore (prope in mediostrato crasso ex hyphis 1.5-4 Mm latis proprium) magis filamentoso et regulari. effbrmato; strato laterali crasso ex hyphis magis Epicute pilei cutiformi vel densa, ex hyphis ten- intertextis, usque ad 9 Mm latis efformato. Epicute uibus subparallelis efformata, pauca et sparsa di- pilei et hypodermic paullum differentials, sed ilia verticula breviter hyphosa (e. gr. 6-1 1 x 2.54 fibrillas hyphosas emittente cuius apices rotundati Mm) emittente marginemque versus epigrigera (peg- et inamyloidei sunt, hyphis 3.5-1 1 Mm latis, pig- bearing). mento intracellulari, granulari (granulis numeros-

Ad truncos radicesque aereas Tovomita pirifolia is, globulosis, fuscis vel fuscidulis). Planch. & Triana saprophytice vel parasitice ecres- Ad terram in silva tropicali. cens, gregatim, in silva tropicali inundabili aquae- nigrae (igapo). TYPUS Venezuela, Aragua, Parque Nacional Henry Pittier, 8.6 km S of Rancho Grande, 6 VII TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- 1971, Dumont, Haines & Samuels (NY).

FIELDIANA: BOTANY Hygrotrama tetrasporum Sing., spec. nov. phano, dehydratione pallido, in siccis autem ad marginem aurantio-rubescente sed demum in her- Pileo griseo, subvelutino, sicco, obtuso, levi, bario margine flavo et centre pallido, glaberrimo, convexo, 2.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, sat angustis, subnitido sed baud viscido, convexo, centre an- baud intervenosis, arcuatis, decurrentibus. Stipite guste depresso vel umbilicato, 9-10 mm lato. La- pallide griseo, glabro, levi, sicco, gradatim et len- mellis aurantiacis acie flavis, rarius aurantiaco- iter apicem versus attenuato, 10 x 0.7 mm (ad rubidis aciem marginemque versus flavidis vel apicem 0.3 mm lato). Velo nullo. Carne albida cremeis, latis vel latissimis, subdistantibus vel dis- vel pallidissime griseola, immutabili, inodora. tantibus, baud intervenosis, in siccis flavis, sub- Sporis 7-8 x 5.5-6.5 fim (sed usque ad 10.2 x sinuato-decurrentibus vel adnexis vel rotundato- 6.2 Mm e basidiis bisporis), subglobosis vel brev- adnatis. Stipite aurantio-rubro vel aurantiaco, iter ellipsoideis, guttula amorpha et pariete firma subflavescente siccando, sicco, glabro, levi, solido praeditis, levibus, inamyloideis, appendice excen- sed plerumque mox cavo, aequali vel ad basin trica hilari sat conspicua, 1-1.5 M"I longa munitis, attenuato vel ad basin apicemque attenuato, 30- depressione suprahilari destitutis. Hymenio: Bas- 41 x 1.5-2.5 mm. Carne aurantio-rubella vel pal- idiis 32-39 x 8.5-10 /mi, clavatis, cc. 95% te- lida aut pallescente, inodora. trasporis, cc. 5% bisporis, illis sterigmatibus usque Sporis dimorphis, macrosporis perpaucis 16.5- ad 8 Mm longis munitis. Cystidiis et cheilocystidiis 18.5 x 10-12 Mm, microsporis permultis, 7.5-8.5 nullis. Basidiis et basidiolis anguste clavatis vel x 4.5-6.5 Mm vel (in forma rubra) 12-14.5 x 7- subcylindraceis ad basin baud nbulatis. Hyphis 9.5 Mm; intermediis (basidiis bisporis?) 16 x inamyloideis, defibulatis, eis strati superioris pilei 8.5-9 Mm interdum praesentibus, omnibus hyalin- corpusculis pseudoamyloideis internis repletis et is, ellipsoideis, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: latis, nonnulis granulis internis pigmenti fusci so- Basidiis dimorphis: Macrobasidiis 36-85 x 13.5- lidi visis. Tramate hymenophorali subregulari ex 22 Mm, paucis, contentu lipoidi granulari vel hyphis filiformibus vel cylindraceis efformato, amorpho denso repletis; microbasidiis 33-50 x omnibus 3-6 Mm latis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, 6-13 Mm, plerumque absque contentu oleaginoso, baud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis omnibus clavatis vel ventricosis, tetrasporis vel latiusculis, cylindraceis vel subventricosis, cellulis nonnullis microbasidiis bisporis immixtis. Cheil- e. gr. 42 x 1 2 Mm, baud gelatinascentibus, levibus ocystidiis in acie lamellarum baud heteromorpha et ex eis in parte superiore nonnullis cellulis sim- 40-67 x 4.5-7 Mm, subtus 2.5-3.5 Mm diam., fi- illimis ascendentibus, ad apicem late rotundatis, lamentosis sed apice plerumque claviculatis, sub- nonnullis ex eis recurvatis vel erectis sed baud capitatis, rarius anguste ventricosis, hyalinis, con- hymeniformiter dispositis; pigmento fusco, gran- tentu visibili destitutis. Cystidiolis similibus sed ulari, interne, multis cellulis etiam corpusculis brevioribus, frequenter flexuosis vel irregularibus, pseudoamyloideis repletis. Hypodermic paullum saepe raris et inconspicuis. Cystidiis veris nullis. differentiate, etiam cutiformi, corpusculis pig- Hyphis filamentosis (1.5-5 Mm diam.) sed angus- menti et pseudoamyloideis hypharum internis nu- tioribus quam in sectione Conicarum nee prae- merosis, pariete tenui, hyaline. Supra epicutem longis, baud gelatinosis, nbulatis. Hyphis oleiferis interdum nunnullae hyphae filiformes applicatae 2-6 Mm latis, contentu macrobasidiorum repletis, adsunt. raro in hymenio intrusis. Tramate hymenophorali In silva tropicali pluviali arenosa (campinar- regulari. Epicute pilei cutiformi (numquam ixo- ana), humicola, solitario. cutiformi), ex hyphis in KOH subhyalinis vel hy- alinis elongatis efformato, hyphis erectis et der- TYPUS Estrada Manaus- Brazil, Amazonas, matocystidiis nullis. Superficie stipitis baud Caracarai km 28 II 45, 1978, Singer & Araujo B gelatinosa, ex hyphis verticalibus, parallelis effor- 10714 (INPA). mata. Ad terram argillosam vel (forma rubra) areno- This species is related to H. closely araguense sam solitario in silva terrae firmae. Sing, (see above).

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus Hygrocybe amazoniensis Sing., spec. nov. (EMBRAPA), 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10097 (INPA). Additional collection (red form): Reserva Ducke,

Pileo aurantiaco, interdum rubro, margine flavo 28 VI 1978, leg. Ermelinda M. Freire, comm. sed aurantio-striato at levi vel sublevi, hygro- Singer B 11249 (INPA).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES This species belongs in the group around H. This species differs in the elements of the cov- firma (Berk. & Br.) Sing, and is closely related to ering of the , its color, shape, and habitat. the following species.

hololeuca nov. Hygrocybe campinaranae Sing., spec. nov. Hygrocybe Sing., spec.

Pileo sed Pileo rubro, siccando obtuse aurantiaco, opaco, albo, glabro, levi, per medium radium striato, haud viscido, obtuse conico vel glabro, vix viscido, levi, convexo, centre applanato pellucide 7-14 lato. Lamellis medi- siccando depresso, 12-13 mm lato. Lamellis rub- convexo, mm albis, ocriter latis vel satis haud ris, aciem versus flavis, siccando uniformiter au- angustis, intervenosis, adnatis vel decurrentibus. rantiacis, latissimis, ventricosis, haud interven- distantibus, Stipite albo, haud aut ad ba- osis, adnexis. Stipite rubro, siccando lamellis glaberrimo, viscido, cavo, aequali sin 27 x 1-1.5 ad concolori, subtus glabro sed ad apicem pruina pal- gradatim incrassato, mm, basin ad 2 incrassato. Carne lida pubescente, subaequali sed in tertia parte in- usque mm alba, tenui, inodora. feriore gradatim incrassato, cavo, 37 x 2 mm, immutabili, 5.3-6.5 x 4.5-5.8 lev- ad basin 3-3.5 mm lato. Carne superficiebus con- Sporis fim, subglobosis, Basidiis 25- colori vel pallidiore, inodora. ibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: x 5-8. 8 Sporis dimorphis; macrosporis numerosissimis, 36(-41) Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis et cheil- nullis. 11.5-15 x 7.3-11.5 Mm, saepe contentu oleagi- ocystidiis Hyphis plerumque filamentosis, nonnullis ad 10 vel 20 inflatis sed haud noso repletis; microsporis 5.5-8.5 x 3.5-5.5 nm, usque pm 55 inter haud rarius contentu oleaginoso repletis, omnibus ellip- longissimis (e. gr. Mm) septa, gela- soideis, hyalinis, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: tinosis, tenuitunicatis, fibulatis, inamyloideis. Hy- Basidiis dimorphis: Macrobasidiis 45-60 x 10- phis oleiferis 5-5.5 Mm latis. Tramate hymeno- ex leniter intertextis vel 16 Mm, contentu oleaginoso repletis, omnibus vel phorali regulari, hyphis efformato. haud perpaucis exceptis tetrasporis. Microbasidiis 15- parallelis Epicute pilei cutiformi, et nullis 22(-39) x 6.5-7.5(-l 2) Mm, multis ex eis contentu gelatinosa; dermatocystidiis endocystidiis vel 24-34 x 4-7 ven- oleaginoso repletis, tetrasporis. Cheilocystidiis e. raris, dermatocystidiis Mm, vel vel gr. 19 x 3.5Mm,exiguis(sedexeisacielamellarum tricoso-capitatis fuseoideo-ampullaceis sed heteromorpha vel subheteromorpha), clavatis, hy- utriformibus; endocystidiis rarissimis, paucis cellulis latioribus ad 10 alinis, contentu oleaginoso destitutis. Cystidiis in- hypharum abrupte (usque et structuram in conspicuis sed longis, anguste clavatis, ultra ba- Mm) Clitocybis hydrogrammae mentem revocantibus. haud sidia projicientibus, contentu oleaginoso destitutis, Stipitis superficie ge- latinosa et destituta. e. gr. 100 x 4 jtm. Cystidiolis cheilocystidiis sim- dermatocystidiis Ad terram in silva terrae fir- ilibus. Hyphis inamyloideis, fibulatis, haud gela- argillosam pluviali mae solitario. tinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, hyphis subparallelis, nonnullis usque ad 37 /xm diam. in- flatis. Epicute pile! cutiformi ex hyphis filamen- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus tosis, omnibus repentibus, superficialibus partim (EMBRAPA), 17 V 1977, Singer B 9639 (INPA). Ad- minime subgelatinosis sed ixocutem numquam ditional collection: same locality, 14 VI 1977, formantibus. Hypodermio cutiformi, ab epicute et Singer B 9972 (INPA). tramate pilei aegre differentiate. Superficie stipitis haud gelatinosa. Dermatocystidiis apicis stipitis A third collection (Singer B 11014) was col- ambobus typis cystidiorum hymenialium simil- lected in a different forest type, viz campinarana. limis; praeterea cellulis terminalibus vesiculosis It differs in convex but umbonate or papillate pi- vel ventricosis, 14-30 x 8-20 nm praesentibus, leus, in estriate, but sometimes slightly sulcate his primum tenui-, postea crassitunicatis (0.8-1.8 margin, the presence of cystidia (36-50 x 8-19 ^m), interdum septatis, chlamydosporicis(?) in- Mm, fusoid-ampullaceous), and vaguely subgela- terdum utriformibus. tinous epicutis. It grows gregariously near the Ad lignum putridum dicotyledoneum in silva Manaus-Caracarai road in May on rotten wood arenosa (typi campinarana) solitario. and is preserved under the provisional name "//. hololeuca" (INPA). I believe (but am not certain) TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, along road Manaus that Hygrophorus subaustralis Smith and Hesler Caracarai, km 125, 22 V 1978, Singer B 11022 sensu Dennis (1953) is the same. Hesler's species (INPA). differs in ellipsoid or subovoid spores 3-4 Mm broad

FIELDIANA: BOTANY and in pileus and stipe being larger as well as in intraparietal pigments are the reasons why it is the shape of the cystidia. After further observa- described under Hygrocybe in the present paper. tions show that we have here an independent A final decision will be possible only after cyto- species, this should be validly described under the logical and ontological investigations. At any rate, name Hygrocybe hololeucoides. the existence of H. lactarioides shows that any attempt to transfer the genus Hygrotrama from the Hygrophoraceae to the Tricholomataceae is Hygrocybe lactarioides Sing., spec. nov. hardly justified.

Pileo badio ("chutney" M&P), centre obscur- iore, margine pallidiore, glabriusculo, sicco sub- Hygrocybe megistospora Sing., spec. nov. tomentoso et debiliter ruditerque radiatim plicate,

convexo, centre depresso, 1 7 mm lato. Lamellis Pileo flavo, siccando plus minusve albescente, cinnamomeis (inter "Titian gold" et "saona" M&P) subsicco vel post pluvias subviscido, glabro, levi, vel pileo subconcoloribus, satis angustis (2-3 mm convexo, dein centre moderatim depresso, 14-20

latis), subcrassiusculis, haud intervenosis, confer- mm lato. Lamellis laete vitellinis vel citrinis, sub-

tis, adnatis et dente decurrentibus. Stipite cinna- confertis vel mediocriter distantibus, subventri- momeo-brunneo ("cinnamon brown" M&P), in cosis, moderatim latis vel latis, anguste adnexis. vegeto manifeste badio-piloso-pruinoso, glabres- Stipite flavo, subtus frequenter albo, haud viscido, cente et minute punctate in siccis, cave, basin ver- glabro, cavo, aequali vel basin aut apicem versus sus attenuate, 43 x 4 mm. Carne subconcolori- angustato, 26-54 x 2.5-6 mm. Carne albida, in- pallidiore, amarissima, inodora. odora, miti. Sporis 4.2-4.8 x 3.5-3.8 Mm, neque angulari- Sporis dimorphis; macrosporis numerosis, 16.5- x bus neque ornamentatis sed valde irregularibus 22 11-14 Mm, contentu oleaginoso repletis, el- forma, inamyloideis, contentu azureo cresylico lipsoideis, levibus, inamyloideis; microsporis pau- x vivide caeruleo et pariete homogenea. Hymenio: cis, 12-14 2. 5-6 Mm, ceterum macrosporis sim- Basidiis 29-34 x 3.5-7 Mm, (l-)4-sporis, intus ilibus. Hymenio: Basidiis dimorphis: Macrobasidiis oleagineo-guttulatis, clavatis, basidiolis subfila- numerosis 62-99 x 19-21.5 Mm, tetrasporis; mi- mentosis. Cystidiis typi pseudocystidiorum fuso- crobasidiis paucis, 50 x 10 Mm, tetrasporis. Cys- tidiis ideis vel fusoideo-ampullaceis apice tenui ( 1 .3-1.5 paucis ad aciem, raris ad latera lamellarum, Mm diam.) subacuto vel obtusato praeditis, ple- inconspicuis, cylindraceis et ex hyphis tramatis rumque contentu sparse azureo cresylico caeru- natis, e. gr. 100 x 7-12 Mm. Hyphis tramatis hy- lescente impletis, apice granulari vel incrustatis, menophoralis regularis subintertextis, aliis fila- interdum septa secundaria munitis, 33-65 x 3.5- mentosis, aliis longis latisque usque ad 180 x 25 7.5 Mm, ultra basidia projicientibus. Hyphis hy- Mm inter septas metientibus, fibulatis, haud gela- alinis vel pallide flavidis, fibulatis, inamyloideis; tinosis, inamyloideis. Epicute pilei cutiformi hy- hyphis oleiferis tenuibus praesentibus. Tramate phis externis superficieis exceptis quae aut fila- hymenophorali regulari, hyphis parallelis vel sub- mentosae aut ventricosae sunt et partim parallelis. Tramate stipitis ex hyphis longitudi- subgelatinosae sunt sed stratum definitum ixocu- nalibus parallelis efformato. Epicute pile! tricho- tiforme abest. In stipitis superficie hyphae gelatin- dermatoidea, cellulis terminalibus cystidiis et isatae etiam desunt. basidiolis frequenter similibus. Stipitis tegumento Ad terram prope rivulam in silva xerophytica ex hyphis terminalibus ascendentibus vel erectis (typi cerrado). fasciculatis, levibus, subhyalinis (KOH) efforma- to. TYPUS Brasilia, Goias, Aguas Emendadas Res., in Ad terram silva pluviali tropicali. 21 I 1978, Singer B 10560 (INPA).

TYPUS Bolivia, 16 III Guayaramerin, 1956, The extraordinarily voluminous spores and the B 2012 Singer (LIL, "Mamoreia lactarioides ad xerophytic habitat are characteristic. int.").

This species is somewhat intermediate between Hygrocybe mutabilis Sing., spec. nov. Hygrocybe and Hygrotrama. The structure of the epicutis and the colors seem to indicate Hygrotra- Pileo sordide roseo dein purpureo-roseo ("with- ma, but the pseudocystidia and the absence of ered rose" dein "rosevale" M&P), haud sicco sed

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES hygrophano, flavo in siccis, glaberrimo, levi, vix aequali, 26 x 0.3 mm; mycelio basali baud vel lenissime pellucide striatulo in vegetis, con- abundante. Came inodora. vexo, centre subumbilicato vel subapplanato, 1 0- Sporis (4.5-)5-7(-8) x (3.5_)4-5.7(-6) urn,

16 mm lato. I aim-Ills a I bis. dein flavescenti-albis, subglobosis, intus minute guttulato-granulosis, in siccis ochraceo-flavis, sat latis, ventricosis, sub- pariete inamyloidea vel partim manifeste pseu- distantibus, anguste vel late adnexis nee non par- doamyloidea sed acyanophila, in KOH hyalina, tim subsinuatis. Stipite albo, dein pallide flavo levi vel (simulate?) subpunctulato munitis. Hy- apice rubescente, flavo in siccis, glabro, levi, sed menio: Basidiis 26-39 x 6.3-8.3 ^m, (2-)4-sporis; frequenter longitudinaliter canaliculate, baud vis- basidiolis baud fusiformibus. Cystidiolis inter ba- cido, subaequali vel basin versus attenuate, 13- sidia ad aciem lateraque lamellarum praesentibus, 15 x 3mm. Came superficiei concolori vel pal- ampullaceis, e. gr. 30 x 5.5 nm, apice 2.5 nm lidiore, partim pallida, inodora. diam. Cystidiis ad aciem lateraque lamellarum Sporis 7.5-12.5 x 4.5-7.5 nm, summopere for- sparsis, 40-90 x 8-16 jum, ad aciem baud heter- ma sua variabilibus, ellipsoideis, breviter ellip- omorpham 28-50 x 3-9 /urn, omnibus hyalinis, soideis, oblongis, ovoideis, triangularibus vel ob- tenuitunicatis, frequenter ultra basidia projicien- tuse conicis, depressione suprahilari gaudentibus tibus, anguste, rarius late ventricosis, raro aculeo aut destitutis, lateraliter saepe phaseoliformibus, infra-apicali ornatis, apice obtusis. Hyphis baud levibus, pariete homogeneo, tenui, inamyloidea gelatinosis, inamyloideis, fibuligeris, hyalinis atque praeditis, hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis (l-)2(-3-)4- nonnullis granulatione intracellulari iodi ope au- sporis, plurimis tetrasporis, sed vix dimorphis, rantiacis repletis. Tramate hymenophorali regu- contentu oleaginoso guttulato repletis, clavatis, 35- lari, ex hyphis subparallelis, nonnullis usque ad 41 x 6-9.5 nm. Cystidiis veris et pseudocystidiis 13 /urn inflatis efformato. Epicute pilei cum hy- nullis, sed cystidiolis cum basidiis et basidiolis podermic continua et vix differentiata, ex hyphis intermixtis et fasciculatis, contentu optice visibili elongatis, repentibus, appressis, levibus efformata, destitutis, hyalinis, anguste clavatis, 33-35 x 4- pigmento aurantiaco intracellulari pallide auran- 6 Mm, ad aciem lateraque lamellarum praesentibus tiaco; dermatocystidiis paucis, cystidiis hymeni- sed cheilocystidiis baud differentiatis. Epicute pi- alibus simillimis, e. gr. 47 x 6.5 pm. lei cutiformi, baud gelatinosa, hinc inde hyphas Ad terram in silva tropicali-pluviosa solitario. simplices ascendentes emittente ad superficiem. Stipitis tegumento nullo, strato gelatinoso absente. TYPUS 30 IV 1973, Ecuador, Tungurahua, Rio Ad terrain inundabilem in silva marginali (typi Topo, 1450 m alt., 30 IV 1973, Singer B 7190 (F). varzea), anectotrophica. This species is unique because of the pseudoa- TYPUS Brasilia, Amazonas, Laguna Janauari, myloid and at the same time acyanophilic spores, 21 XII 1978, Singer B 11465 (INPA). but Hygrophoropsis differs in short basidia and many other characters. Hygrocybe aurantia (Murr.) This species is remarkable among others of sec- Murr., which we have collected in the Amazonas tion Coccineae because the basidia are not di- region, is relatively close but differs in inamyloid morphic while the spores are extraordinarily ver- spores and absence of cystidia. siform. The habitat is characteristic. Hygrocybe subcaespitosa Murr. is related.

Hygroaster a I hell us Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo albo vel brunnescente-albello, in vegetis Hygrocybe pseudoamylospora Sing., spec. nov. albo, siccando leniter brunnescente, glabro, levi, sicco, convexo, centre leniter depresso-subumbil- Pileo aurantiaco ("Navaho" M&P), baud sicco, icato, 2-2.8 mm lato. Lamellis albis, siccando saepe glabro, per medium radium sulcato, convexo, cen- subbrunnescentibus, horizontalibus, distantibus, tro baud depresso sed applanato in vegetis, an- sat crassiusculis, late adnatis. Stipite albo, siccan- guste depresso in siccis, 9 mm lato. Lamellis do saepe brunnescente, sicco, glabro, anguste cavo, cremeis, mediocriter distantibus vel distantibus, subaequali vel leniter gradatimque apicem versus latis, baud intervenosis nee conspicue furcatis, ad- attenuate, 7-9 x 0.8-1.1 mm. Mycelio basali fi- natis, dente decurrente. Stipite saturate flavo brilloso, albo. Velo nullo. Carne tenui, alba, im- ("cadmium yellow" M&P), glabro, baud viscido, mutabili, inodora.

FIELDIANA: BOTANY Sporis 10-14 x 9.5-13.5 Mm (sine ornamenta- aciem, quam dermatocystidia plerumque brevior- tione: 8-8.5 x 6-7.5 Mm), globosis vel subglobosis ibus, 6 Aim latis, rarius subcapitatis, cylindra- nee non interdum subheptagonis angulis rotun- ceis, ampullaceis, ventricosis, intus frequenter cor- datis, 15-18 spinis conicis, acutis, 2-3.5 pm altis pusculis minutis amorphis vel granulosis vel ornatis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, inamyloideis, ap- guttulatis hyalinis repletio, sed contentu azureo pendice suprahilari excentrico 2 x 0.9 pm. Hy- gossypino haud vel vix colorato, parietibus ten- menio: Basidiis 33-75 x 11-13 nm, tetrasporis, uibus, inamyloideis. Hyphis elongatis, defibulatis, paucis 1-2-3-sporis, sterigmatibus 10 x 1.5-2.5 inamyloideis, tenuitunicatis. Tramate hymeno- nm, basi basidii defibulata. Basidiolis anguste cla- phorali hyalino, regulari, haud gelatinoso. Sub- vatis. Cystidiis et cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis hymenio subcellulari, ex elementis minutis subi- filamentosis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, defibulatis. sodiametricis efformato. Epicute pilei subcutiformi Hyphis oleiferis numerosis, 34.5 /im crassis. Tra- sed hinc illinc dermatocystidiis numerosis, inter- mate hymenophorali regulari vel bilaterali (typi dum densis sed haud hymeniformiter dispositis Phyllopori), hyphis 2-2.7 pm latis, subintertextis, obtecto, dermatocystidiis cystidiis hymenialibus strato laterali paullum differentiate. Epicute pilei simillimis sed 23.5-50 x 46.5 nm et frequenter cutiformi, ex hyphis repentibus, applicatis, 3 subcapitatis. In superficie stipitis dermatocystidia Mm latis, tenuitunicatis, levibus, hyalinis, haud ge- simillima pruinam formant. latinosis efformato et dermatocystidiis destituta. Ad terram et quisquilias quercinas minutissi- Superficie stipitis structura simili gaudente. mas in Querceto (Q. oleoides Schlecht. & Cham.) Ad terram argillosam luteam nee non ad lignum tropicali. putridum in silva terrae firmae primaria, gregatim. TYPUS Costa Rica, Guanacaste, near Bagaces,

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, 80 m alt., X 1982, L. D. Gomez 18718 (F). "EMBRAPA," 3 IV 1978, Singer & Araujo B 10874 (INPA). Additional collection: same locality, Singer In the type of Collybia alba Peck the spores are B 10875 (INPA). larger (Smith, 1 940). This as well as P. albida Sing., both with whitish pileus, should be compared with This new species of Hygroaster is remarkable the Asiatic type species of the genus. They can be because of the absence of pigments and the small distinguished by habitat and cystidial character- size of the carpophores. istics.

Podabrella epipolia Sing., spec. nov.

TRICHOLOMATACEAE Roze Pileo griseo ("sphinx" dein 1 5 L 9 M&P), fus- cidulo-griseo vel murino, centre frequenter ob-

Podabrella albida Sing., spec. nov. scuriore (e. gr. "coffee" M&P), hygrophano, a cen- tro marginem versus expallente (usque ad "Long Pileo cretaceo-albo, opaco, glabro, nudo, con- Beach" M&P), haud viscido, glabro, convexo, dein vexo, obtuso, haud umbilicato, 7-8 mm lato. La- partim applanato, saepe centre umbilicato, mar- mellis albis, acie integris concoloribus, angustis, gine primum incurvo, demum interdum recur- confertis, anguste adnexis vel subadnatis, lamel- vato, 25-42 mm lato. Lamellis albidis vel primum lulis gradatim attenuatis, siccando pallidissime cremeis, dein albis vel pallide cremeis, aciem ver- griseolis. Stipite albo, subtiliter pruinoso ex toto, sus plerumque spadiceis vel siccando brunnescen- aequali, 10-12 x 0.5-0.8 mm; mycelio basali am- tibus, demum ochraceis crenulatisque, angustis vel plo, albo, bombycino, prope stipitem saepe ten- subangustis, confertissimis, lamellulis abrupte an- uiter membranaceo. Carne alba. gustatis vel truncatis, liberis vel sinuato-subliberis. Sporis 4-5.2 x 1.8-2.7 MHI, plerumque 4x2 Sporis in cumulo rubidis ("Etruscan red" M&P). Mm, ellipsoideis vel cylindraceis, levibus, vel sub- Stipite fuligineo-griseo, subtus frequenter argen- hyalinis in KOH, cyanophilis (moderatim), car- teo-griseo, subtiliter sericeo sed ad apicem pruin- minophilis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 1 7 x ato-fibrilloso, praesertim sub lente, dein plerum- 4.5-5.5 Mm, tetrasporis, siderophilis, atrocaeruleo- que glabrescente, cavo, centrali, saepe granulatis in solutione toluidinica. Cystidiis nullis. longitudinaliter canaliculate, subaequali vel ad ba- Cheilocystidiis numerosis ad ipsam aciem et prope sin incrassato at haud bulboso, 45-93 x 1.5-3.5

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES mm; rhizomorphis albis saepe applanatis vel una in humo profundo (terra firme atque campinarana) basali pseudorhizoidea conspicua notatis. Velo gregatim. nullo. Came alba, inodora, miti. Sporis4.2-7 x 2.8-4.5Mm,ellipsoideissednon- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, niillis circumferentia irregulari visis, baud angu- ("EMBRAPA"), 18 V 1977, Singer B 9658 (INPA). laribus a polls visis, raro oblongis, inamyloideis, levibus, cyanophilis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12-19 x 3.3-6 Mm, tetrasporis vel (2-)4-sporis, basidiolis Clitocybe duckeana Sing., spec. nov. baud fusiformibus, siderophilis (observatio pri- mum a cl. Clemencon communicata et auctore Pileo atrobrunneo (inter "bracken" et "Rem- confirmata!). Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad brandt" M&P), vix hygrophano, baud viscido nee aciem heteromorpham numerosis, 28-63 x 3.5- pruinoso, sed partim sub lente minime innate fi- 4.5 urn, oleocystidiformibus, subulatis vel anguste brilluloso, levi vel sublevi vel demum ad margi- clavatis vel anguste utriformibus, rarius filifor- nem leniter striatulo vel subsulcato, convexo, cen- mibus, pariete tenui, hyalina instructis sed in- tro obtusissime depresso sed baud umbilicato, crustatione crassa sepiacea vel violaceo-brunnea 32 mm lato. I .aim-Mis pallide griseis, horizon- rQsinacea obtectis quae iodi ope liquificatur. Hy- talibus, percurrentibus, distantibus sed lamellulis phis tenui- vel firme tunicatis, inamyloideis, de- multis insertis, fortiter intervenosis, ad aciem fibulatis, subfilamentosis, nonnullis latis, 1-25 nm homomorpham integram concoloribus, mediocri- diam., in stipite 3-5 fim latis, parallelis vel sub- ter latis, adnatis dente decurrente, in vegetis baud parallelis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex hy- manifeste decurrentibus sed in siccis subdecurren- phis angustis et sublatis elongatis interdum un- tibus. Stipite pallide griseo, glabro apice excepto dulato-flexuosis sed baud gelatinosis efformato, in ubi pruinatus est, ad basin pallido, baud viscido, mediostrato hyphis medio numero latioribus quam cavo, leniter apicem versus attenuate, 55 mm in strato laterali. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis longo, ad apicem 3 mm diam., ad basin usque ad subfiliformibus, repentibus, levibus, baud gelati- 5.5 mm lato. Mycelio basali sparse, pallido. Carne nosis efformata, in strato supremo interdum hinc pilei alba, subtenui, stipitis ut minime partim su- inde flexuosis et sparsim diverticulatis. Ad super- perficiei concolori, inodora. ficiem pilei stipitisque dermatocystidiis nullis. Sporis 7.5-8.5(-9) x 4.5-5.5 /xm, paucis (e bas- Ad terram et folia dejecta sarmentaque in silva idiis bisporis?) 9-10.5 x 5.5-6 nm, ellipsoideis, arenosa terrae firmae, gregatim. leni depressione suprahilari plerumque praeditis, levibus, hyalinis, pariete tenui vel firma, sed baud TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, crassa, et guttulis internis numerosis vel una amor- 23 III 1978, Singer B 10850 (INPA, holotype; LAU, pha praeditis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 29- Fung. Clem., isotype). Additional collection: Road 45 x 8. 5-9 /im, plerumque tetrasporis, paucis bis- Manaus-Caracarai km 45, 1 1 VII 1977, Singer B poris; basidiolis baud fusoideis. Cystidiis et cheil- 10084 (INPA). ocystidiis nullis. Hyphis elongatis inter septa, fil- iformibus, multis inflatis (usque ad 28 pm), baud American species of this genus are not termi- gelatinosis, inamyloideis, fibulatis. Tramate hy- tophilous. In them cystidia are absent and cheil- menophorali manifeste regulari, baud gelatinoso ocystidia numerous; the latter are narrower than ex hyphis filamentosis et inflatis paullum inter- in the palaeotropical termitophilous species. textis, tenuitunicatis hyalinis efformato. Oleiferis hyphis numerosis, 4-10 nm latis. Epicute pilei cu- tiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis, in KOH subhy- alinis et rarius baud manifeste incrustatis, 2.5-3 Podabrella poliomphax Sing., spec. nov. Mm latis efformata; dermatocystidiis veris nullis. Hypodermio ex hyphis etiam cutiformiter dispos- A specie praecedente pileo papilla prominente itis sed pro ratione latioribus efformato, nonnullis ornato, minore (4-15 mm lato); cheilocystidiis an- ex eis sub epicute endocystidialibus, e. gr. 23-25 guste subampullaceis, 4-7.5 urn. latis, stipite gri- x 7-13 Mm, ventricosis vel clavatis; pigmento in seo, minore (37-57 x 0.6-1 .7 mm), in parte humo hypodermio intracellulari vacuolari. Tegumento inserta (si exstat) perangustato constanter difFert, stipitis extra zonam apicalem nullo, sed ad apicem sed affinis. dermatocystidiis versiformibus pruinam forman- In silvis tropicalibus ad terram nudam nee non tibus, his 18-53 x 5-13 Mm, frequenter anguste

FIELDIANA: BOTANY clavatis vel subcylindraceis vel utriformibus, om- icutis pilei frequenter inflatis, ventricosis vel sub- nibus tenuitunicatis. clavatis et latis (6.5-12 Mm diam.) et corporibus Ad arenas supra terram argillaceam et frustula similibus etiam intercalariter inter septa hyphar- lignea putrida solitario in silva typi terrae firmae. um Clitocybis hydrogrammae modo formatis. Stipitis superficie in areis tegumento ullo carente, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, sed in aliis partibus cellulis inflatis inter hyphas

12 VII 1978. Additional collection: Brasilia, leg. intercalatis, aliis cystidiformibus, ventricosis, rar- Maria Sousa, Ermelinda Freire, comm. Singer B ius ampullaceis, superficialibus, 8-27 x 5.5 ^m /7275(iNPA). vel minoribus. Ad truncum arboris dicotyledoneae terra tec- This species is closely related to C. exilis Sing. tum in silva pluviali typi terrae firmae gregatim, In some regards it recalls the genera Hydropus and immo caespitose. Gerronema. The endocystidia are here interpreted as homologous to the inflated elements of subge- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus nus Cystoclitus. ("EMBRAPA"), 6 IV 1977, Singer B 9618 (INPA).

In the section Bulluliferae where this species be- Clitocybe exilis spec. nov. Sing., longs, it is well characterized by its habitat, habit, spore characteristics, and other minor differences. Pileo albo siccando grisascente-murino, glabro sed sub lente radiatim innate fibrilluloso in non- nullis areis, ceterum haud fibrilloso, convexo, in Clitocybe polylepidicola spec. nov. maturis centre nonnihil depresso vel subumbili- Sing., cato, in siccis frequenter minute umbilicato, 7-7.5 Pileo argillaceo-griseo vel sordide lurido, glabro, mm lato. Lamellis albis, sublatis, subdistantibus, vix minime subviscidulo post pluvias, levi vel haud intervenosis, decurrentibus vel adnatis dente brevissime pellucide striatulo, convexo, centre de- decurrente. Stipitealbo, siccando partim fuscidulo presso, 16 mm lato. Lamellis pallidis vel gilvo- vel griseo, macroscopice levi, glabro, aequali vel pallidis, angustis, confertis, adnato-subdecurren- leniter attenuate apicem versus, stricto, erecto, sed tibus, in siccis magis decurrentibus. Stipite pileo excentrico vel laterali, 10-12 x 1-1.5 mm. My- subconcolori, glabro, non radicante, ad apicem celio basali in substrate sericeo, albo. Carne alba, leniter angustato, 15 x 3.5 mm, ad apicem 2.5 tenui, immutabili, inodora vel subinodora. mm. Mycelio basali sparse alboque, haud strigoso Sporis7.5-ll x 4.5-6(-6.5)Mm, plerumque8.5- sed filis mycelialibus sparsis, tenuissimis praesen- 9 x 5-5.5 MHI, (maioribus forsan e basidiis bis- tibus. Carne subconcolori superficiebus, inodora. poris natis), ellipsoideis, rarius oblongis, parieti- Sporis 5.5-6.5 x 2.3-3 nm, ellipsoideo-oblon- bus levibus, tenuibus vel irregulariter subincras- gis, basi attenuatis, in tetrades conglobatis, levi- satis, debiliter vel manifeste carminophilis in strato bus, inamyloideis, hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 22- externo, depressione leni vel applanatione supra- 23 x 6-6.5 nm, tetrasporis; basidiolis numquam hilari praesente vel absente, inamyloideis. Hy- fusoideis. nullis. menio: Basidiis 24-37 x 7-8.5 Mm, clavatis vel Cystidiis cheilocystidiisque Hy- phis tramatis pilei hyalinis, inamyloideis, fibula- rarius ventricosis, ad basin plerumque fibulatis, tis, parietibus tenuibus vel usque ad 0.5 nm crassis (l-)2(-3-)4-sporis, raro uno cum sterigmate grandi munitis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari sed centrali e qua duo vel tres sterigmata secundaria paucis hyphis perpendiculariter currentibus vel postea e furcatione nascunt, haud siderophilis. curvatis, filamentosis, paucis usque ad 7 Mm latis. Cystidiis et cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis tramatis Epicute pilei ex hyphis repentibus appressis, 2 pilei et hymenophori regularis haud gelatinosis, Mm crassis, haud vel vix gelatinisatis effbrmata. tenui-cylindraceis vel filamentosis, fibuligeris sed Hypodermio cutiformi; pigmento hie intracellu- multis septis (secundariis) simplicibus praesenti- lari tantum, fuscidulo-griseolo, dissolute, haud in- bus, omnibus inamyloideis, in tramate stipitis fi- crustante nee intraparietali. bulis magis numerosis, hyphis parallelis, omnibus Ad lignum Polylepidis australis Bitter solitario. tenuitunicatis. Epicute pilei et hypodermic cuti- formibus, ex hyphis filamentosis, saepe leuco-pig- mento tenuiter incrustatis, incrustatione in KOH TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 10 in siccis pallide sordida; cellulis terminalibus ep- II 1965, Singer T 4025 (BAFC).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES Polylepis wood is a new habitat for the genus. um elongate, aequali, usque ad 185 x 10 mm. This species differs from C. eccentrica Peck in nar- Mycelio basali sparse. Velo nullo. Carne alba, im- rower spores and nonstrigose base of the stipe. mutabili. Odore nullo. Sapore miti vel minime Clitocybe americana Bigelow differs in colors. piperato.

These and other related species are not known to Superficiebus pilei stipitisque KOH et H 2 SO4 grow on rosaceous hosts. ope subimmutabilibus. Spur is 7.5-9 x 5.2-5.5 fim, ellipsoideis, latus ad adaxiale minus convexis quam ad latus abax-

iale, hyalinis (NH 4OH), inamyloideis, acyano- Lepista collybiiforinis Sing., spec. nov. philis, levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 27. 5-31 (-47) x 9-9.5 pm, tetrasporis, rarissime bisporis; basi- Pileo uniformiter sordide cinnamomeo, hygro- diolis anguste clavatis vel cylindricis. Cystidiis ad phano, pallescente sed in siccis colore originali aciem lamellarum et ad latera similibus, sat nu- gaudente, glaberrimo, breviter striatulo ad mar- merosis, 55-82 x 10.2-16.3 pm, ventricoso-utri- ginem sed levi, convexo, umbonato, marginem formibus vel ventricoso-subampullaceis, inter- versus demum applanato vel subconcavo, 22 dum minute apicaliter mucronatis, generatim mm lato. Lamellis albis vel albidis, moderatim obtusis, frequenter simpliciter ventricosis vel ven- latis, subconfertis, intervenatione sparsa, adnatis tricoso-clavatis, maioribus sed haud conspicuis, denteque decurrente. Stipite sursum albo, in tertia paullum vel haud projicientibus quamquam fre- basali pallide ochreo, glaberrimo, subaequali vel quenter longe pedicellatis, intus minutissime gut- minime attenuate apicem versus, 26 x 1.5mm, tulatis vel corpusculis guttatis vel amorphis azureo ad apicem 1 mm lato. Mycelio basali himantii- cresylico haud metachromaticis repletis, tenuitun- formi, albo. icatis. Hyphis fibulatis numerosis sed septis sim- Sporis5-5.5 x 3-3.5/im, paulismaioribus, ver- plicibus haud raris, praesertim in epicute et hy- ruculosis, verrucis tantum cyanophilis, stramineis podermic, omnibus inamyloideis, haud gelatinosis. (KOH), ellipsoideis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Bas- Tramate hymenophorali regulari, hyphis hyalinis, idiis 18 x 5.5-6 nm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis, tenuitunicatis 2-1 1 nm latis vel magis inflatis. sed prope aciem nonnullis basidiolis irregularibus Epicute pilei fragmentis trichodermialibus effor- (cystidiolis?) interspersis. Hyphis hyalinis, ina- mata, his squamulas formantibus et ex hyphis in- myloideis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei ter se parallelis ascendentibus efformatis, in parte cutiformi, hyphis lenissime intertextis, filamen- palisadicis, cellulis terminalibus vix differentiatis, tosis, pigmento intracellulari et minutissime vix apice rotundato-obtusis. Hypodermio profundo, manifeste incrustante, pallide grisello-cinnamo- cutiformi, hyphis sublatis et latis, elongatis, hor- meo (NH 4OH). Hypodermic vix differente. izontalibus, 1.8-26 Mm latis, pariete tenui, hyalina Ad folia delapsa tenacia in silva arenosa (cam- praevisis, cellulis interdum sat brevibus (e. gr. 2 1 pinarana) solitario. x 17 Mm). Pigmento cellularum epicutis et hy- podermii intracellulari, vacuolari, frequenter col- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Car- loidaliter condensato, biso vel spadiceo; pigmen- acarai, km 45, 3 VIII 1978, leg. Ermelinda Freire, tum simile in cortice stipitis. Tegumento stipitis comm. Singer B 11347 (INPA). e cellulis elongatis strati corticalis terminalibus in- flatis et dermatocystidiis superficialibus 77-1 30 x 6-8.7 Mm, hyalinis, subfilamentosis vel anguste Tricholomopsis elatipes Sing., spec. nov. ampullaceis, obtusis efformato. Ad terram argillosam luteam silvae terrae fir- Pileo atrofusco vel atrobrunneo (8 E/H 1 1 M&P) mae primariae solitario, raro. e squamulis marginem versus densioribus et hac de causa centre nonnihil minus atro quam margo, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus in centre inter squamulas dilutiore, ceterum levi, ("EMBRAPA"), 23VI 1 977, Singer & Araujo B 10006 sicco, convexo, sed centre infundibuliformi, 60 (INPA). mm lato. Lamellis albidis, latis (10 mm), ad aciem plus minusve laceratis, distantibus vel sub- distantibus, subarcuatis, emarginatis sed dente de- This rare species grows on the earth and is re- currente. Stipite fusco ("olive wood" M&P), sicco, markable because of its long, straight stipe. It is albo-sericeo ex toto, cavo, strictissimo et admod- related to T. data Hongo from Japan.

FIELDIANA: BOTANY Tricholomopsis tricholomatoides Sing., spec. nov. podermic vix differentiate, dispositione minus tri- chodermiali tantum discernibili. Tegumento stip- Pileo vegeto colore Lactarii lignyoti gaudente, itis ei pilei simili. Pigmento iodi ope ferrugineo- siccando "Hudson seal" (M&P) approximante, in brunneo. vegetis velutino, in siccis sub lente tomentoso- Ad terram in silva tropicali inundabili typi var- vellereo, sed haud radiatim fibrilloso nee squa- zea sed interdum aqua nigra invasa, gregatim. muloso, margine primum incurvo, convexo, haud umbilicato neque umbonato, demum in centre late TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha Janauari, 18 III applanato vel leniter depresso, 1945 mm lato. 1983, Singer B 12429 (F).

I aim-Mis albidis vel albo-cremeis, confertis, non- nullis furcatis, intermixtis, latis, demum manifeste This species belongs in the section Platyphyllae. intervenosis, adnato-subdecurrentibus, haud vel It differs amply from all species of Oudemansiella vix sinuatis. Stipite pallide griseo-fusco sed ad ap- and has the tricholomatoid habit of Tricholom- icem extremum albido-pallido, dein ex toto pal- opsis. Our new species rather recalls the more fleshy lide griseo-fusco, sicco, subvelutino-opaco, solido species with inamyloid spores in Hydropus, but vel farcto, ad basin rotundato (haud radicante), the structure of the epicutis is different. Tricho- aequali vel leniter apicem versus attenuato, 30- lomopsis is represented in the neotropics by T. 35 x 7-9 mm. Mycelio basali albo. Velo nullo. tricholomatoides, T. subdecorosa (Murr.) A. H. Came alba, in siccis interdum albo-grisello-mar- Smith (growing nearby in similar conditions, Sing- morato, immutabili, haud lactescente. Odore et er B 11459, INPA), and T. totilivida (Murr.) Sing, sapore fortiter farinaceo. (in secondary terra firma forest at Manaus, Singer Sporis7.5-10 x 4.3-6 fim, ellipsoideis, levibus, B 9844 and 9908, INPA). pariete sat tenui, haud carminophila, inamyloidea, acyanophila munitis, callo poroque apicalibus destitutis. Hymenio: Basidiis 29-39(-60) x 7.5- Tricholoma moseri Sing., spec. nov. 10 Mm, tetrasporis, granulatione siderophila des- titutis, ad basin fibulatis. Basidiolis clavatis. Cys- Pileo nigro-squamoso, inter squamas griseo et tidiis 27-57 x 5.5-9.5 /um, fusoideis, apice su- siccando albescente, interdum sparse rimoso, sic- bacutis vel frequentius obtusatis vel minute co, haud sulcato, conico, dein conico-convexo, mucronatis, rarius in parte inferiore cylindraceis 25 mm lato. Lamellis cinereo-albidis, confertis, et in medio superno tantum subfusoideis, raro an- sat latis, sinuatis. Stipite albo, glabro, levi, siccan- guste clavatis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, haud vel do demum sordescente, haud radicante, cavo, ae- moderatim projicientibus ultra basidia, aequaliter quali, 22 x 5 mm. Velo nullo. Carne alba, in- vel profundius natis quam basidia. Cheilocystidiis odora, insipida in siccis. ad aciem lamellarum heteromorpham bene dif- Sporis 7.3-8.8 x 3.34.3 um, ellipsoideis vel = ferentiatis, 32-48 x 47 um, plerumque anguste oblongis (Q 1.8-2.2), hyalinis, levibus, inamy- ventricosis, sub apicem capitatum (capitulo 2-3 loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 2-4-sporis, plerumque Mm diam.) filiformibus et 1-1.5 pm diam., rarius tetrasporis, 28-29 x 7.5 um, inamyloideis, sed utriformibus et ad constrictionem 3 Mm diam., paucis bisporis pseudoamyloideis. Cystidiis nullis, hyalinis, ita ut cystidia contentu visibili destituta sed cystidiolis versiformibus praesentibus, e. gr. sint. Hyphis plerumque nlamentosis (haud "sar- 25 x 6.5 Mm et utriformibus, hyalinis, tenuitu- codimitice" dispositis), haud gelatinosis, inamy- nicatis. Hyphis inamyloideis, defibulatis, haud loideis, nbulatis, tenuitunicatis, 2-7 Mm latis; hy- gelatinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. phis oleiferis sat numerosis 5-5.5 Mm latis. Tramate Epicute pilei cutiformi, hyphis 5-14 Mm latis, ap- hymenophorali regulari, ex hyphis subparallelis pressis vel ascendentibus (in squamis ascenden- composite; subhymenio bene evoluto. Epicute tibus). Hypodermic paullum differentiate, cuti- profunda pilei trichodermiali, cellulis terminali- formi, ex hyphis pro ratione subangustioribus bus aut hyphalibus aut cystidioideis; his derma- efformato. Pigmento hypharum epicutis hypod- tocystidiis pleurocystidiis hymenophori simillim- ermiique intracellulari, dissoluto umbrino. is, singularibus vel dense subhymeniformiter Ad terram sub Pinis hartwegii Lindl. conglobatis, nonnullis hyalinis sed multis pigmen- to vacuolari aeque dissoluto vel rarius paullum TYPUS Mexico, Paso de Cortes, near upper colloidaliter condensato fusco vel sepiaceo repletis limit ofPinus at 4100 m alt., 23 VII 1969, Singer sed incrustatione nulla, parietibus hyalinis. Hy- M 8521 (F).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 11 This species belongs in the section Tricholoma, mento intraparietali gaudentibus), his 4-4.5 nm but it is ambiguous between stirps Terreum and diam. Epicute pilei cutiformi vix vel paullum ge- stirps Atrosquamosum. Its affinities with species latinosa, ex hyphis subparallelis, defibulatis effor- of these groups can be definitely established only mata, his tenuiusculis sed nonnullis ventricosis et after the taste of the fresh carpophores and the 7-13 nm latis; supra epicutem (in tegumento formalin reaction become known. Mexican my- squarruloso) hyphis fasciculatis ascendentibus, his cologists will be able to provide the missing data hyphis ex catenulis cellularum elongatarum sed since at the type locality only one species of this pro ratione brevium, 11-17 nm latarum effor- section occurs. matis. Pigmento in omnibus, his et illis, praecipue intracellulari, vacuolari sed in paucis cellulis etiam intraparietali, immo tenuiter incrustante, cinna- Armillariella affinis Sing., spec. nov. momeo. Ad emortuum truncorum Pileo brunneo, centre minute brunneo-squar- lignum quercinorum et alneorum, caespitose. ruloso, ceterum subnudo, subviscido, per medium radium pellucide striato et siccando levi vel sub- TYPUS Costa Rica, Heredia, Varblanes near sulculato, convexo, obtuso, mox applanato vel Hacienda "Tyrol," 11 VI 1984, Singer B 14615 centro subdepresso, 29-3 1 mm lato. Lamellis alu- (F). taceo-pallidis, dein brunneolo-pallidis, ad aciem frequenter brunnescentibus, confertis, horizontal- This species belongs to the stirps Mellea and has ibus, decurrentibus. Sporarum massa cremeo-alba been observed only in the tropical-montane zone (inter la et Ib Romagnesii), dehydratatione cre- of Central America. It differs from A. polymyces meis (Ib). Stipite supra annulum lamellis conco- (Pers. ex Gray) Sing. & Clem, in paler , lori, subtus brunneo, dein subfuligineo, superfi- somewhat smaller carpophores, no distinct ixo- cialiter albo-sericeo, aequali bulboque destitute, cutis in the cuticle of the and the and rarius ad apicem minime attenuate, 42-43 x 4 pileus shape size of the mm, ad apicem plerumque 3 mm diam., saepe cheilocystidia. Although Romagnesi's ( 1 leads to A. mellea D. ex Karst., prope basin furcate-duplicate. Velo annuliformi, 983) key (Fl. Fr.) our species differs from the latter in char- albo, tenuiter membranaceo, non manifeste cor- many acters. Armillaria borealis Marxmiiller has fre- tiniformi, ad marginem exteriorem lacero. Rhi- quently clamped basidia, larger carpophores, and zomorphis nigris prope basin haud visis. Carne pure white spore print; ochraceous to yellow colors pallida, in cortice stipitis subconcolori superficiei. frequently occur on the surfaces of the pileus and Odore nullo vel subnullo. Sapore submiti (post stipe. masticationem tarde lenissimeque adstringente). Sporis(6.5-)7-8(-9) x (4.5-)4.7-5.5(-6>Mm,el- lipsoideis, nonnullis ovoideis, sub immersione Armillariella viridiflava Sing., spec. nov. levibus, parietibus usque ad 0.5 nm incrassatis in maturis, hyalinis, paucis leniter brunnescentibus Pileo pallide olivaceo centro atro-olivaceo, fi- (KOH), inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24-26.8 brillis minutis ex toto obtecto, dein olivaceo, cen- x 5.5-7.2 ^m, ad basin defibulatis, hyalinis, pau- tro fibrilloso, atro-olivaceo, ceterum denudescente cis flavidis, omnibus tenuitunicatis (sclerificatis et per tertiam vel mediam partem radii hygro- nullis). Cystidiis nullis, sed elementis subhymenii phano, margine extremo saepe albido, per 3-9 mm interdum elongatis et inter basidia intercalatis, marginales pellucide striatulo, sed dein estriato, brunneis, fusoideis, perpaucis, e. gr. 15 x 2.5 ;um. exsiccatione subcinnamomeo sed sicco atrofusco Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromorpham nume- ("winterleaf" M&P, sed atriore) ad marginem, rosis, 20-32 x 6-9.5 nm, fusoideis vel ventricosis brunneoatro in centro ("autumn" M&P), haud vel subclavatis, hyalinis, tenuiter vel firme (haud viscido, centro plerumque ruguloso, campanulato- crasse) tunicatis. Hyphis defibulatis, inamyloideis. convexo dein convexo, umbonato, demum inter- Tramate hymenophorali bilaterali, mediostrato ex dum subapplanato, 30-64 mm lato. Lamellis al- hyphis hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, subparallelis, 5- bis, dein flavidis et frequenter acie ferruginascen- 14 Mm latis efformato et 30-50 ^m diametro. Stra- tibus, confertis, mediocriter latis, decurrentibus. to laterali gelatinoso, ex hyphis recurvatis ten- Sporis in massa ante desiccatione ulla pallide cre- uioribus (usque ad 5 nm latis), elongatis, hyalinis meis (Romagnesi Ib vel Ha, exsiccatione Ha vel efformato. Subhymenio subcellulari, nonnullis lib, i.e. flavidulis). Stipite albo, dein albidulo vel elementis prope brunneolis (saepe pig- rutilescente-albo, mox e basi apicem versus cin-

12 FIELDIANA: BOTANY namomeo vel olivaceo-brunneo, sicco cacaoco- icus melleus var. viridiflavus Barla. It is charac- lori ("cacao" M&P), superficialiter fibrillulis baud terized by cream-yellowish spore print, nongela- densis olivaceo-flavidis ornatis, ad apicem leniter tinized hymenophoral trama, almost mild taste, longitudinaliter sulculato, solido, dein farcto, su- clamp connections rather frequent at the base of baequali vel (si dense fasciculatim crescens) basin the basidia, the olive to olive-blackish color of the versus acuminato-attenuato, 80-125 x 9-11.5 pileus, the lamellae which stain flesh-brownish mm. Velo apicali, bene evoluto et persistente, when injured (as does the annulus), and seems to crassiusculo-membranaceo, prope superficiem be remarkable additionally by a more southern stipitis tantum subcortiniformi, flavido, rarius albo area of distribution and the host range. et saepe partim flavido. Mycelio basali albo. Rhi- zomorphis nigris prope basin stipitis sparsis vel Omphalina infumata Sing., spec. nov. raris. Carne alba, dein brunnea in parte inferiore stipitis, fractu carneo-brunnescente in lamellis et Pileo olivaceo-brunneo, inter strias pallido, gla- in annulo, carnosa. Odore debili, baud notabili. bro, pellucide striato, convexo, obtuso vel umbone Sapore miti sed post masticationem prolongatam exiguo et humili praedito, 14-19 mm lato. La- leniter styptico-adstringente, demum iterum miti. mellis flavidulis, distantibus, sublatis, decurren- x Spoils 6.2-8.5 4.5-5.5(-6) nm, ellipsoideis, tibus. Stipite ad apicem brunneolo, subtus pallid- sub immersione levibus, pariete interdum usque iore vel cremeo-pallido, macroscopice subglabro, ad 0.3 jim incrassata, inamyloidea, hyalina prae- aequali, 20-30 x 1-1.5 mm. Mycelio basali albo. ditis, contentu interdum in KOH flavescentibus. Carne pallida vel subalbida, inodora. Basi stipitis Hymenio: Basidiis (16-)2 1.8-3 1.8 x (6-)6.7- lichenisata vel ut minime algas ferente. 9(-10) Mm, (2-)4-sporis vel omnibus tetrasporis, Sporis7.5-9 x 4. 5-5. 5 /im, ellipsoideis, levibus, nonnullis usque ad 45 nm longis, multis ad basin hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 34.5-43 fibulatis, pariete tenui vel vix incrassatis, basidiis x 7.5-9 MHI, (3-)4-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- sclerificatis baud visis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocys- ocystidiis 28-35 x 3-4 /um, angustissime clavatis tidiis numerosis ad aciem heteromorphicam, vel subfilamentosis, nonnullis capitatis vel ad ap- (15-)24-32(-70) x (3-)6-10(-12) /mi, versifor- icem furcatis. Hyphis defibulatis. Tramate hy- mibus, sed plerumque cylindraceis vel fusoideis menophorali irregulari, hyalino. Epicute pilei cu- vel ventricosis, nonnullis utriformibus vel am- tiformi, sed laxe dispositis hyphis, nonnullis pullaceis, frequenter capitulatis, rarius apice em- terminalibus ascendentibus et frequenter cystidi- latis, plerumque obtusis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis formibus, tune cheilocystidiis et dermatocystidiis vel subhyalinis. Nonnullis basidiis contentu plas- piliformibus stipitis simillimis, nulla in parte ge- matico destitutis sed corpusculo uno vel duobus latinosis consistente. Tegumento stipitis e pilis vel colorabilibus nee non septis secundariis transver- dermatocystidiis efformato, his 20-83 x 4-7 /*m, sis instructis sed baud sporulantibus, fibula basali anguste clavatis vel subcylindraceis vel ampulla- plerumque munitis. Hyphis defibulatis, inamy- ceis, hyalinis. Pigmento melleo, subfuscidulo, in- loideis, baud gelatinosis. Tramate hymenophorali crustante. subregulari-bilaterali sed strato laterali gelatinoso Ad truncum piceinum putrescentem. destituto. Subhymenio subcellulari, elementis minutis. Epicute pile! strato gelatinoso destituta, TYPUS CSSR, Slovakia, between Kezmarsko in fibrillis superficialibus ascendentibus cellulis pro and Kezmarske Zlaby, 7 IX 1974, leg. Singer & ratione brevibus. Pigmento in KOH lenissime, Kuthan, comm. Singer C 5921 (F). tenuissime incrustante sed plerumque intracellu- lari, aurantiaco-fulvo vel fulvo-brunneolo. This species is likely to be identical with Agar-

Ad ligna truncorum Dicotyledonearum e. gr. icus infumatus Berk. & Br., but since no type has Cistacearum et Rosacearum, fasciculatim vel dense been available for comparison, we described it as gregatim. a new species; it is quite remarkable because of its colors which in sect. Defibulatae do not seem to TYPUS Spain, Catalonia, mountains near Tos- occur among well-defined species. sa, 24 X 1979, Singer C 9601 (F). Additional col- lection: 7 Austria, Wien, Floridsdorf, X 1979, Gerronema albogriseolum Sing., spec. nov. Singer C 9556 (wu).

Pileo albogriseolo vel griseoloalbo, siccando albo This species is likely to be identical with Agar- vel albido, sub lente partim albisericeo sed mac-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 13 roscopice ex toto glabro in vegetis, convexo, centre bro, aequali, longitudine diametro pileo plerum- applanato, 8 mm lato. Lamellis albis, subdis- que subaequali, 2.5 mm diam., haud insititio. x tantibus ( 1 4 percurrentibus), latis, ad aciem inte- Sporis 6.5-9 4.5-5.2 nm, plerumque 6.7-8 gris et lateribus concoloribus, adnatis vel subsin- x 4.5-5 Mm, ellipsoideis, depressione suprahilari uato-adnatis, haud decurrentibus. Stipite albo, debili vel nulla, pariete levi, hyalina, inamyloidea x glabro, ad apicem attenuate, 12-13 1.5 mm, ad munitis. Hymenio: Basidiis 7.5 nm latis, tetras- apicem 0.8-1 mm lato. Mycelio basali sericeo, albo. poris. Cystidiis cheilocystidiisque nullis. Hyphis Carne alba, immutabili, inodora. fibulatis; tramate hymenophorali regulari, ina- Sporis 5-6 x 3.5-4 MHI, plerumque 5.5 Mm lon- myloideo. Epicute pilei cutiformi, dermatocysti- gis, ellipsoideis vel breviter ellipsoideis, depres- diis haud differentiatis. sione suprahilari destitutis, levibus, hyalinis, in- Ad lignum emortuum in silva inundabili. amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21-28.5 x 6- 6.5(-7.5) MHI, 2-4-sporis, plerumque tetrasporis. TYPUS Brazil, Para, Belem, 10 VI 1966, Singer Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis sparsis et incon- B 4274 (BAFC). spicuis, filamentosis, frequenter furcatis, 1.5-2.5 Aim latis, obtusis, sed prope marginem pilei pilis This new species had formerly been thought to cystidiformibus praesentibus, his 36 x 5 Mm, ad be conspecific with G. strombodes (Berk. & Mont.) basin 9 nm latis, tenuitunicatis, apice cylindra- Sing, but is certainly different although related. ceis, hyalinis, sparsis. Hyphis defibulatis, inamy- loideis, haud gelatinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, in parte centrali ex hyphis nonnihil infla- Gerronema candidum Sing., spec. nov. tis (usque ad 1 Mm) efformato, ceterum filamen- toso (hyphis 2.5-3 nm. diam.), hyalino. Epicute Pileo candido, macroscopice glabro, sed sub lente pilei cutiformi ex hyphis filamentosis efformata, sericeo-subtomentoso vel sericeo-puberulo, levi, sed supernis saepe ascendentibus vel recurvatis, haud viscido, margine initio incurvo, convexo, interdum intertextis, sed generatim sparsis proji- umbilicato, 3.5-15.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, sub- cientibus et tegumentum tenue sericeum forman- confertis vel subdistantibus, sat latis vel satis an- tibus, nonnullis ex eis interdum moniliformibus, gustis, haud intervenosis, adnato-decurrentibus vel tenuitunicatis, omnibus 2-2.5 nm latis et in KOH decurrentibus. Stipite albo, subglabro vel subtili- hyalinis. ter sericeo-puberulo ut pileus, levi, haud viscido, In vegetatione typi campinaranae ad lignum pu- cavo, aequali, 11.5-29 x 0.6-1.8 mm. Mycelio tridissimum solitario. basali gossypino et/aut tenuissime rhizomorphico, albo. Carne alba, immutabili, molli-carnosa, in- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Car- odora, KOH ope ut superficies pilei aquose sor- acarai, km 1 25, 20 VII 1 978, Singer B 1 1291 (INPA). dideque ochracea. Sporis 4-4.5 x 3-3.8 Mm, e. gr. 4.5 x 3.5 Mm This species is related to G. albidum (Fr.) Sing, aut 4.5 x 3.8 nm, breviter ellipsoideis vel subgl- and G. alutaceum Sing., both belonging in sect. obosis, plerumque breviter ellipsoideis, depres- Gerronema. sione suprahilari destitutis, levibus, haud angu- laribus, pariete homogenea, levi, hyalina, inamyloidea et guttula olei globosa institutis. Hy- Gerronema bethlehemicum Sing., spec. nov. menio: Basidiis 18-21 (-24. 5) x 4.5-6 Mm, tetras- poris; basidiolis haud fusiformibus. Cystidiis et Pileo atrogriseo vel fuligineo-griseo ("biskra" Cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis in pileo et Stipite in- vel "bronze Br" M&P), in sulcis murino (14 F 5 amyloideis, haud gelatinosis, defibulatis, sublaxe M&P) demum fusco-brunneo ("Cochin" M&P), dispositis, in pileo plerumque subintertextis, in glabro, ad marginem sulcato, centre plerumque stipite parallelis, hyalinis, saepe multiseptatis, per- venoso-rugoso, convexo, dein margine applanato, paucis inflatis usque ad 20 Mm diam. Tramate hy- demum concavo centre leniter vel profunde in- menophorali regulari, interdum typi Clitocybis. fundibuliformi, 40 mm lato. Lamellis flavido- Epicute pilei cutiformi sed hyphis superficialibus griseolis ("fallow" vel 1 1 G 2 M&P), distantibus, cellulas hyphales vel pili- vel cystidiformes em- satis angustis, leniter intervenosis in vetustis, vix ittentibus quae filamentosae at frequenter curva- aut non intervenosis in junioribus, decurrentibus; tae vel flexuosae sunt et, si cystidiformes, anguste superficie interlamellari grisea. Stipite albo, gla- utriformes evadunt, omnes hyphae tenuitunicatae

14 FIELDIANA: BOTANY et hyalinae, 23-42 x 2. 5-5 /mi. Tegumento stipitis cute et hypodermic similibus, cutiformibus, in ep- simili, excrescentiis minus densis, saepe longiori- icute ex hyphis 2-5 yum latis, praecipue hyalinis, bus 24-60 x 2.5-4.5 /mi, nonnullis subtiliter hy- in hypodermic ex hyphis 2.5-9 /mi latis, magis alino-incrustatis. fulvidis efformatis. Dermatocystidiis nullis. In solo arenoso et ad frustula lignea nee non ad In silva tropicali-montana ad lignum putridis- terram argillosam in silva typi terrae firmae, so- simum gregatim sub arboribus dicotyledoneis. litario. TYPUS Costa Rica, Heredia, above San Jose

1 1 1 TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Car- de la Montana, Porrosati, 900 m alt., 29 VI 98 , acarai, km 45, 1 VIII 1 978, Singer B 1 1372 (INPA). Singer B 12520 (F). Additional collection: same locality and date, Singer B 11375 (INPA). From the South American G. retiarium (Berk.) Sing., this species can be distinguished mainly by This species, belonging to sect. Gerronema, is the broader spores. close to G. albidum (Fr.) Sing, and G. albogriseo- lum Sing, from which it differs in snow white pileus and shorter spores. The smaller forms of G. can- Gerronema daguense Sing., spec. nov. didum may easily be confused with species of Hemimycena in the field, but they differ in the Pileo saturate griseo vel umbrino, vix hygro- hyphal structure and the absence of clamp con- phano, innate radiatim fibrilloso vel fibrillis in- nections. natis vix visibilibus, per tertiam partem radii vel per medium radium sulcato et pellucide striato, haud viscido, convexo, umbilicato, 1 5 mm lato. Gerronema costaricense Sing., spec. nov. Lamellis albis, subdistantibus, angustis, haud in- tervenosis, adnato-attenuatis vel subdecurrenti- Pileo citrino vel luteo, sicco pallidiore, partim bus. Stipite pallide griseo, glabro macroscopice, demum brunnescente, hygrophano, glabro, haud levi, cavo, verticali sed excentrico, aequali vel su- viscido, levi, partim innate fibrilluloso sub lente baequali, 17 x 1.3 mm. Mycelio basali albo, in siccis, convexo, centre anguste depresso, 30-34 strigoso, radiato. Carne albo, inodora. mm lato. Lamellis pileo concoloribus, confertis Sporis 5.5-7.5 x 3.5-4.3 /mi, ellipsoideis vel vel subdistantibus, fortiter intervenosis, angustis ellipsoideo-subamygdaliformibus, levibus, hy- vel mediocriter latis, adnatis vel decurrentibus. alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-21 x Stipite pileo concolori, siccando et sicco pallide 6.5-7 /mi, tetrasporis. Cystidiis praesentibus sed flavo, levi, glabro, sicco, aequali, 36-38 x 2-2.5 admodum sparsis, inconspicuis, 27 x 3-3.5 /am, mm. Mycelio basali abundante, albo. Carne ino- subsubulatis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Cheilocys- dora, miti. tidiis ad aciem haud heteromorpham pleurocys- x Sporis 5.3-6.8 x 4.3-5.8 /mi, e. gr. 6.5 x 5.3 tidiis similibus vel pluries ampullaceis, 28-3 1 /miaut6 x 5. 2 /mi, breviter ellipsoideis vel subgl- 3-7.5 /mi. Hyphis fibulatis, haud gelatinosis, hy- obosis, levibus, in K.OH intus saepe subflavescen- alinis, inamyloideis, in stipite parallelis et sub- tibus, amorphe vel globoso-guttatis, inamyloideis. hyalinis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epi- Hymenio: Basidiis 22-29 x 5.5-7.5 /urn, tetras- cute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis levibus poris. Sterigmatibus 6 /mi longis. Cystidiis veris efformata, perpaucis dermatocystidiis eis stipitis nullis sed cheilocystidiis ad et prope aciem la- simillimis praesentibus. Dermatocystidiis stipitis mellarum numerosis, 30-52 x 6.5-9 /mi, utrifor- moderatim numerosis, 12-20 x 3.5-4.5 /mi, cys- mibus vel ampullaceis, rarius clavatis, nonnullis tidiis hymenialibus plerumque minoribus et for- unum ad latus excrescentia obliqua gaudentibus, ma magis irregularibus, tenuitunicatis. apice (in ampullaceis breviusculo) obtusis. Hyphis Ad folium Melastomatacearum emortuum in fibulatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali silva tropicali-montana solitario. regulari, haud gelatinosa, ex hyphis elongatis max- ima e parte filamentosis, tenuitunicatis, hinc illinc TYPUS Colombia, El Valle, Corr. El Vergel,

inflatis, 4-16 /mi latis, moderatim longis inter sep- Dagua, 14 IV 1960, Singer B 6123 (F). ta efformato, subintertexto, hyalino vel partim ful- vido, hie nee non in hypodermic pigmento neque This species may be erroneously classified as incrustante neque manifeste intraparietali. Epi- Hydropus but differs from that genus by a number

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 15 of microscopical characters. If compared with the be easily taken for that species in the field. How- species of Hydropus, sect. Floccipedes, it differs ever, it does not seem related because the basidia from all species in narrower spores, cystidia, and are neither dimorphic nor five or more times long- dermatocystidia as well as in mainly filamentous er than the longitudinal axis of the spores. There- tramal hyphae. It belongs in sect. Xanthophylla of fore we prefer to insert it in sect. Romagnesia sub- Gerronema and can be distinguished from G. lep- sect. Porpophora of Gerronema. tosarcum Sing, by the size of the carpophores and their habit, and also by narrower spores, nonin- tervenose lamellae, and the exact structure of the Gerronema laccarioides Sing., spec. nov. covering of pileus and stipe. Pileo pallide roseo, albicante vel subalbicante in adultis, haud viscido, hygrophano, glabro, levi, Gerronema flammeum Sing., spec. nov. convexo, umbilicato, 6-9 mm lato. Lamellis ro- seolis (2 A 10 M&P), distantibus, angustis, non- Pileo rubro, glabro vel leniter (sub lente) radia- nullis angustissimis, decurrentibus. Stipite pallide tim innate fibrilluloso, haud viscido sed interdum roseo (1 A 8/9 M&P), subtus albo, haud viscido, luride expallente praecipue in centre, levi vel brev- glabro, saepe basin versus attenuate, 1 5-2 1 x 1 .2- iter sulcato. convexo, centre depresso, 2-8 mm 2 mm. Mycelio basali tomentoso, albo. Carne alba, lato. Lamellis, rubris vel aciem versus flavo-flam- immutabili, carnosa, inodora. meis vel flavidis, latis, subdistantibus vel distan- Sporis9.5-l 1.2 x 4.8-6.7 /im, ellipsoideis, lev- tibus, adnato-subdecurrentibus vel decurrentibus. ibus, depressione applanationeque suprahilari Stipite rubro, sicco, glabro, levi, aequali, tenui, destitutis, in KOH hyalinis vel subflavido-hyalin- 22-35 x 0.3-1 mm. Carne subconcolori, immu- is, inamyloideis, acyanophilis. Hymenio: Basidiis tabili, tenui, inodora. 33-52 x 7.8-1 1.2 ^m, tetrasporis, plerumque ten- Sporis(5-)7.5-11.5 x (3-)4-7.3 ^m, plerumque uitunicatis, clavatis; paucis basidiis etiam tetras- 7.5-10 x 5-6.5 MHI, ellipsoideis, levibus, inamy- poris sed pariete sclerificata (0.7-2 /am diam.) loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 22-37 x (6-)6.5-l 1 pm, munitis. Cystidiis nullis, sed ad aciem et prope bi- vel tetrasporis, variabilibus sed haud dimor- aciem cheilocystidiis raris filamentosis praesen- phis, sed interdum omnibus bisporis. Cystidiis et tibus, his 18.5-19 x 3.3-3.5 /am, aequalibus vel cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloid- subampullaceis, hyalinis. Hyphis pilei radialiter eis, azureo cresylico haud metachromaticis, haud dispositis, fibulatis, inamyloideis, aut filamentosis gelatinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex et 2-3 nm latis aut inflatis (cellulis usque ad 3 1 x hyphis satis angustis nee non inflatis usque ad 1 5 24 /am), tenuitunicatis, haud gelatinosis. Tramate Mm efformato. Epicute pilei ab hypodermio aegre hymenophorali regulari, ex hyphis hyalinis, par- differentiata, in KOH et NH 4OH aurantiaca, dum tim subparallelis, partim leniter intertextis, dia- hyphae tramatis pilei subhyalinae permanent, cu- metro variabilibus efformato. Epicute pilei cuti- tiformi, ex hyphis levibus efformata, hyphis erectis formi, ex hyphis levibus, tenuitunicatis, in NH4OH superficialibus et dermatocystidiis nullis. Stipitis hyalinis, haud incrustatis, 2.5-6.8 /am latis effor- vestimento a tramate stipitis ex hyphis longitu- mata. Hypodermii hyphis nonnihil latioribus. dinaliter dispositis haud differentiato. Ad superficiem verticalem fossae in silva se- Ad terram nigram et argillosam et arenosam, cundaria gregatim, terricola. saepe particulis adustis ligneis intermixtam in sil- va tropicali pluviali typi terrae firmae vel cam- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, 12 VI 1977, pinaranae primaria et secundaria passim. Singer B 9936 (INPA). Additional collection: same locality, 24 VI 1978, Singer B 9936a (INPA). TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Car- acarai, km 106, 4 IV 1978, Singer B 10916 (INPA). This species is similar to G. flammeum Sing. Additional collections: same locality, 24 III 1978, We have an additional collection which is macro- Singer B 10861 (INPA); from 30 km N of Manaus, and microscopically almost fully identical with the 21 IV 1977, Singer B 9766 (INPA). Both these col- type collection but is in fresh condition complete- lections are apparently identical. ly white and pigmentless, and grew on rotting woody matter (probably a fruit shell of Chryso- This species is somewhat similar to some hy- balanaceae) solitarily in primary terra firme forest. grocybes, especially H. trinitensis Pegler, and can This is preserved under the provisional name G.

16 FIELDIANA: BOTANY oligoadelphum. The only carpophore available utriformibus, tenuitunicatis, prostratis. Hypod- comes from Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Man- ermio cutiformi, ex hyphis latioribus, flavo-mel- aus, 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10101 (INPA). leis vel flavidulis efformato. Ad truncum dicotyledoneum locis umbrosis in silva secundaria terrae firmae gregatim. Gerronema mariae Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, 25 IV 1978,

Pileo intense aureo-flavo, lenissime hygrophano leg. M. Souza, comm. Singer B 10997 (INPA). et ad aureolinum ("aureolin Y" M&P) pallescente, sicco minus laete flavidobrunneo vel pallide flavo- This species is difficult to insert in any of the brunneo, haud viscido, leniter pellucide striatulo sections of Gerronema, although it undoubtedly ad marginem sed haud sulcato, carnoso-firmo, sub belongs to that genus. Its size, area of distribution, lente in siccis innate brunneolo-striato-fibrilloso and habitat tend to show affinity with sect. Xan- supra fundum flavidulum, glabro vel subglabro, thophylla. The spore wall is similar to that of G. convexo, centre umbilicato, (22-)50-59 mm lato. macrosporum Sing, in subg. Romagnesia, yet the Lamellis concoloribus pileo vegeto sed ochraceo- endosporium is not metachromatic as in sect. brunneis in herbario, subconfertis vel moderatim Haasiella, and the pleuro- and dermatocystidia are confertis, sat angustis vel mediocriter latis, sim- much less numerous and conspicuous than in sect. plicibus vel interdum inverse furcatis, arcuatis, de- Fibulae, and the carpophores are larger and fle- currentibus. Lamellis humidis charta alba flavo shier than in all known representatives of subg. maculatur. Sporarum massa Candida. Stipite quam Romagnesia. pileus pallidiore, in siccis albido, levi, sub lente partim subtomentoso vel tomentoso sed macro- scopice glabro vel subglabro, in adultis cavo, KOH Gerronema pantoxanthum Sing., spec. nov. ope superficie brunneolo-maculato, aequali vel basin versus attenuate, (21-)30-33 x (5_)7-9.5 Pileo flavido-ceraceo ("colonial Y," "mustard" mm. Mycelio basali strigoso sed frequenter sparse M&P), olivaceo-brunneo vel brunneo vel fuligineo vel subnullo, albidulo. Carne flavida, sicco albi- colore vibecino-virgato ad marginem et ex integro cante, ceterum immutabili. Odore nullo. Sapore supra papillam ("old bronze," "bronze lustre," miti. "olive brown" M&P), sub lente radiatim innate Sporis 5-6 x 4.5-5.5 urn, plerumque 5.5 x 5 fibrilloso, sed glabro, haud viscido, levi, rarius ad Mm, globosis vel subglobosis, pariete hyalina, in- marginem sulcato, convexo, centre depresso in ad- amyloidea, acyanophila et haud manifeste heter- ultis et constanter acute vel subacute papillate in ogenea, subpunctulata vel sublevi et gutta globosa depressione, 28-37 mm lato. Lamellis flavis oleaginea munitis, circumferentia levi sub im- ("chrome Y," 9L1.9L3, 10L3 M&P), distan- mersione. Hymenio: Basidiis pro ratione longis- tibus vel subdistantibus, haud vel in vetustis paul- simis, 30-40 x 5.5-6.5 nm, tetrasporis; basidiolis lum intervenosis, mediocriter latis vel subangus- haud fusoideis. Sterigmatibus usque ad 9 nm lon- tis, lamellulis insertis sed plerumque haud gis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem numerosis, sparsis ad regulariter tridymis, arcuatis vel subarcuatis, de- latera prope aciem, ita ut acies heteromorpha di- currentibus. Stipite aut lamellis concolori aut oli- catur, 34-40 x 3-4.8 ^m, subhyalinis vel subflav- vaceo-flavo ("glint o' gold" M&P) aut isabellino idis, filamentosis atque apice frequenter clavicu- ("India buff" M&P), sicco grisascente, subpruin- latis vel rarius attenuatis, saepe flexuosis; interdum ato ut minime in parte superiore sub lente, haud pseudocystidiis inconspicuis praesentibus; pleu- viscido, levi, aequali vel subaequali, 26-60 x 1 .5- rocystidiis haud differentiatis. Hyphis inamyloid- 2.2 mm. Mycelio basali albo, interdum sparse. eis, fibulatis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, hy- Carne pallida vel superficiebus concolori, immu- alino, ex hyphis filamentosis 1.5-11 nm latis, tabili, subtenaci in siccis, inodora. minime intertextis vel subparallelis et hyphis olei- Sporis 6.2-8.2 x 3-5.2 Mm, ellipsoideis vel ob- feris sat numerosis, 4.2-5.2 pm latis, melleis ef- longis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: formato. Hae interdum hymenium irrumpent et Basidiis 26-32 x 6.5-7.5 nm, tetrasporis. Cysti- pseudocystidia inconspicua, haud projicientia, an- diis et cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis fibulatis, in- guste clavata formant. Epicute pilei cutiformi ex amyloideis, haud gelatinosis. Tramate hymeno- hyphis levibus, 34 /*m latis, tenuitunicatis effor- phorali regulari ex hyphis intertextis, 2.5-26 nm mata; dermatocystidiis raris, e. gr. 45 x 7.5 pm, latis efformato. Epicute pilei cutiformi, saepe ten-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 17 uissimo et partim hypodermium exponente, ex hy- con-Carupano-El Palar, 6 VII 1972, leg. Dumont, phis levibus, hyalinis in NH 4OH et KOH, fila- Cain, Samuels & Morillo, Dumont VE 4018 (NY). mentosis, 1.5-2.2 nm diam. efformata. Hypodermic ex hyphis hyalinis aut pigmentatis, Gerronema yalae Sing., spec. nov. latioribus (usque ad 18 nm diam.); pigmento vac- uolari, in siccis in KOH et NH 4OH fuscogriseolo, Pileo bubalino-hyalino, in vegetis leniter cin- baud intraparietali nee incrustante. Dermatocys- namomeo-tincto, sicco laete cinnamomeo, per duas tidiis in pileo nullis. Tegumento stipitis e der- tertias radii sulcato et ibi cinnamomeo-virgato in matocystidiis efformato; his sat numerosis ad ap- siccis, sed haud innate fibrilloso, hygrophano, con- icem stipitis, hyalinis vel fumosis, subcylindraceis, vexo, centro depresso, 12 mm lato. Lamellis saepe semel vel bis constrictis, obtusis, rarius an- concoloribus, in siccis sordide fuscidulis, angustis, guste breviterque appendiculatis. furcatis (et inverse), subdistantibus, subarcuatis, Ad lignum dicotyledoneum in silva pluviali typi decurrentibus. Stipite concolori, ad apicem sub- terrae firmae. tiliter pruinosulo, macroscopice ex toto glabro, farcto, aequali vel apice leniter attenuato, 23 x TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus 2 mm. Mycelio basali bene evoluto, albo. Carne ("EMBRAPA"), 25 V 1977, Singer B 9713 (INPA). sordide alba in siccis, tenuissima in pileo ut min- Additional collections: road Manaus-Caracarai, km ime ad marginem, inodora. 45, 11 VII 1977, Singer B 10055 (INPA) and 30 Sporis 7.5-10 x 4-5 /im, rare usque ad 12 x 6 km N of Manaus, 9 VII 1960, Singer B 3441. /im, ellipsoideis vel oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, in- amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 27-32 x 5-7.5(-8.5) This is related to G. xanthodictyon Sing. (sect. /xm, tetrasporis; basidiolis haud fusiformibus. Cys- Xanthophylld) but its carpophores are larger, its tidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis bene evolutis nullis, spores smaller, its lamellae strongly intervenose. sed ad marginem pilei nonnullis hyphis termina- libus flexuosis et intertextis, 4 /urn latis visis. Hyphis fibulatis, haud gelatinosis, inamyloideis. Gerronema sucrense Sing., spec. nov. Epicute pilei ab hypodermic vix differentiate, ex strato tenuissimo intermittente hypharum repen- Pileo spadiceo centro et sulcis pallidioribus, per tium efformata et dermatocystidia pauca minutis- medium radium sulcato ("cattail" M&P in siccis), sima producentibus. His dermatocystidiis stipitis convexo, centro profunde umbilicato, glabro, opa- simillimis, 4-8 x 2.5-5.5 pm. cuti- co, 3-5 mm in siccis. Lamellis in siccis fuscidulo- Hypodermic formi, ex hyphis 4-10.5 nm latis, pigmentatis ef- griseis, angustis, arcuatis, decurrentibus, ("Army formato, profundo. Pigmento intracellulari, in Br" M&P in siccis). Stipite pileo concolori, sub- KOH dissolute, cremeo-grisello, haud intrapar- pallidiore basin versus, glabro, aequali, 1 6-22 x l ietali neque incrustante. Tegumento stipitis ex mm ad apicem usque ad 0.5 mm attenuato (in membris terminalium hypharum cystidiformibus siccis). Mycelio basali strigoso, strigis per radium efformato, hyphis filiformibus intercalatis; der- usque ad 8 mm amplum repentibus, albidis. Carne 8-31 x 3-5.5 vel tenui. matocystidiis nm, cylindraceis ventricosis, constrictione subapicali subcapitatis Sporis 4-5 x 2.5-3.5 /an, breviter ellipsoideis vel mucronatis, moderatim densis, tenuitunicatis. vel ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Ad lichenes frustulaque corticis Polylepidis aus- Hymenio: Basidiis 17-27 x 4-5.5 nm, tetrasporis; tralis Bitter supra saxa solitario in silvis subalpinis basidiolis haud fusiformibus. Cystidiis et cheilo- praeandinis, supra 2000 m alt. cystidiis nullis. Hyphis plerumque filamentosis, nonnullis cellulis longis inter septa et usque ad 1 1 TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 1 1 Aim latis, hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, densis et elas- II 1965, Singer T 40 1 1 (F). ticis, aegre dissociatis KOH ope, inamyloideis, fi- bulatis. Epicute cutiformi, hyalina, levibus atque This species belongs in sect. Umbilicata (Sing.) raras sparsasque procurrentias et dermatocystidia Sing. exigua, inconspicua, hyalina 10-14.5 x 4-5.5 nm emittentibus. Hypodermic fuscidulo vel brunneo- lo, pigmento intracellulari tantum. Lactocollybia sect. Graminicolae Sing., sect. nov. Ad lignum. Tramate gelatinoso, hyphis defibulatis. Typus TYPUS Venezuela, Sucre, 9 km N of road Rin- sectionis: L. graminicola Sing.

18 FIELDIANA: BOTANY This section in many ways reminds me of the Tegumento stipitis e pilis hyphosis longis, hyalinis genus Cyptotrama, but belongs in Lactocollybia efformato. secundum because of the not truly bilateral hymenophoral Ad Gramineas altas indeterminatas trama and the distinctly eccentric stipe. flumen gregatim in vegetatione tropicali.

TYPUS Venezuela, D.F., near Rio Caracas, 22 Lactocollybia graminicola Sing., spec. nov. VII 1972, leg. Dumont, Cain, Samuels, Manara, Dumont VE 5632 (NY). Pileo sicco ferrugineo-brunneo, glabro, prope marginem sub lente pubescente, levi sed frequen- The only species of sect. Graminicolae Sing, has ter rugoso discum versus, circulari, margine pri- the same noteworthy characteristics as the section. mum incurve, 2-6.5 mm lato. I aim-Ills albis, dis- haud tantibus, intermixtis, nonnullis furcatis, Leucopaxillus sainii Sing., spec. nov. intervenosis, satis angustis vel mediocriter latis, acie integris, adnexis. Stipite pileo concolori, sub- Pileo aurantio-flavido-brunneo, glabro, sub lente tiliter pubescente sub lente, aequali vel leniter ap- partim lenissime innate fibrilluloso, praesertim ad icem versus attenuate, primum subcentrali vel ex- marginem subvirgatum, sed levi, partim tantum x centrico, dein excentrico vel sublaterali, 1.5-3 breviter plicate, viscido, primum involute, infun- 0.3-0.4 mm. Mycelio basali bene evoluto, albo, dibuliformi in adulto, usque ad 1 80 mm lato; FeSO4 subflavi- radiante. griseolo, HNO 3 aurantiaco-flavo, KOH x Sporis 8.5-12.2 6-9.5 /an, ellipsoideis vel dulo, brunneo solutione aquosa phenolica (10%). ventricosis, levibus, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, ina- Lamellis subpallidis, confertissimis, angustis vel x myloideis.Hymenio:Basidiis30-41(-52) 9-10.5 angustissimis, ad aciem integris, intermixtis, non- fim, tetrasporis, paucis bisporis; septo basali de- nullis furcatis, decurrentibus. Sporis in massa cre- fibulato. Cystidiis nullis; pseudocystidiis gloeo- meo-albidis. Stipite olivaceo-flavo-brunneo, sic- x cystidialibus praesentibus, 26-36 6.5-1 1.5(-14) cando subatro, pruinosulo-fibrillose et venuloso, nm, sat numerosis, versiformibus, interdum mu- solido, basin versus attenuate, usque ad 1 10 mm cereis cronatis vel appendiculatis, subhyalinis vel longo, 29-35 mm lato. Carne alba, immutabili, in KOH, azureo cresylico intus caerulescentibus, sapore et odore haud notabilibus. contentu homogeneo vel frequentius vermiformi Sporis 5.5-6 x 3.5-4 /on, ellipsoideis, levibus, x 2-4 vel granuloso. Cheilocystidiis 28-38 /an, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 13.8-27 filamentosis vel ad apicem anguste claviculatibus x 5-5.5 Mm, tetrasporis, sterigmatibus 3.7-4.5 pm aciem in medio aut ad basin anguste ventricosis, ad longis, moderatim curvatis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- lamellarum prope marginem pilei numerosis, hy- ocystidiis numerosis sed acie vix heteromorpha, alinis. Massis resinaceis succineis praesertim prope 9-20 x 2.5-3.5 nm, versiformibus, saepe ampul- acies lamellarum in azureo cresylico caeruleis laceis vel anguste ventricosis vel fusoideis (et tune praesentibus et ex eis lamellis ad aciem in siccis frequenter apice mucronatis aut acutis, ceterum saepe fulvescentibus. Hyphis pilei bistratosis, stra- obtusis) tenui- vel firme sed haud crasse tunicatis, to supero gelatinoso, ex hyphis filamentosis (0.5- hyalinis. Hyphis fibulatis, multis fibulis numis- 1.5 fim latis), sine ordine laxeque dispositis, hy- matis majoris forma gaudentibus, parietibus ina- alinis, defibulatis efformato; strato infero partim myloideis, haud gelatinascentibus. Hyphis olei- obsolete, similibus ex hyphis efformato, vix ge- feris in tramate pilei praesentibus. Tramate latinoso. Tramate hymenophorali regulari sub- hymenophorali subhyalino, regulari, partim sub- typi Clitocybarum modo in hymenopodio leniter intertextis hyphis praesertim filamentosis com- divergente, ex hyphis vix parallelis tenuibus, ut posite. Epicute pilei ixotrichodermiali, ex hyphis minime partim gelatinosis efformato; mediostrato filamentosis, in KOH subhyalinis, 1.5-3 urn latis et strato laterali nullo modo differentiatis. Gloeo- et apice obtusis efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi, vasculis in ambobus stratis tramatis praesentibus, pallide ochreo-flavidulo, ex hyphis filamentosis ef- 3-4 nm latis, longissimis. His hyphisque ceteris formato; pigmento intracellulari, haud incrus- omnibus inamyloideis, defibulatis. Epicute pilei tante, intraparietali vix ullo. palisadica et trichodermiali, ex hyphis hyalinis et Ad humum Abieteti subalpini 2700 m alt., gre- ochraceo-brunneolis efformata, his partim paul- gatim. lum gelatinosis (sed minus gelatinosis quam tra- 9 ma), cellulis terminalibus cheilocystidiis simillim- TYPUS India, Himachal Pradesh, Narkanda, N. S. Atri 328 is; gloeo-vesculis in epicute praesentibus. VIII 1979, PUN (F).

SINGER. NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 19 The viscid pileus and the characteristic cheilo- Melanoleuca mackleri Sing., spec. nov. cystidia are distinctive. Leucopaxillus sainii is oth- erwise very similar to L. giganteus (Fr.) Sing. The Pileo biso-fusco, centre ad umbonem plerum- Indian was described in fresh condition by que obscuriore, levi, vel vix striatulo ad margi- the collector and his notes on the fungus as well nem, hygrophano, glabro, convexo, dein applan- as the dried material were sent to me by Dr. Saini ato vel subapplanato, demum saepe concavo, for whom the species is named. centre umbonato vel subumbonato, rarius obtuso,

39-72 mm lato. I .arm-Ills albido-sordidis, subgri- seolis, dein pallide griseis, angustis vel sublatis (5 mm latis), confertis, sinuatis, rarius adnexis, acie interdum subbisa. Sporis in massa candidis Melanoleuca cremeospora Sing., spec. nov. (la). Stipite fusco-umbrino vel pileo concolori, longitudinaliter innate fibrilloso, interdum costa- Pileo griseo umbone griseobrunneo, zonis et to, ad apicem haud furfuraceo, solido, aequali, ple- maculis convexo, pallidis variegato, opaco, glabro, rumque 30-35 x 3-7 mm, sed interdum usque ad dein umbonato, 38-50 mm lato. La- applanato, 60 x 8.5 mm. Carne sordide pallida vel albidula, mellis albis, angustis (3.5^4 mm latis), confertis- in stipite brunneola vel in zona peripherica su- simis, sinuatis, partim decurrentibus in nonnullis perficiei concolori vel subgrisea, ceterum immu- speciminibus. Sporis in massa haud desiccata tabili. Odore subnullo. Sapore miti sed interdum manifeste cremeis (Crawshay B), exsiccatione us- inamoeno, neque amaro nee farinaceo. que ad He Romagnesii. Stipite pallido vel pallide Sporis (5. 8-)6.5-9.2 x (4.5-)4.7-6 Mm, plerum- sordideque griseolo, innate subfibrilloso, solido, que 7.5-9 x 4.5-6 Mm et ellipsoideis, hyalinis, in duabus tertiis superioribus aequali, subtus basin ornamentatione verruculosa, verrucis 0.5 nm versus incrassato, usque ad 60 mm longo, 2.5 mm altis sed paucis leniter altioribus vel humilioribus, lato, sed ad basin 4-5.5 mm lato. Carne pilei alba, nonnullis lineatim connexis aut catenulatis (typi stipitis bubalino-pallida, subalbida, in siccis om- VI, IV-VIII, IV), supra hilum zona levi manifesta nino pallide brunneola, in pileo tenui, inodora. ("plage") delimitata, amylacea munitis. Hymenio: Sporis 7-8 x 4.5-5.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, depres- Basidiis 21-33 x 7.3-10 nm, tetrasporis, clavatis sione suprahilari destitutis, hyalinis, ornamenta- vel ventricosis. Cystidiis paucis et inconspicuis, e. tione amylacea 0.2-0.5 nm alta, plerumque punc- gr. 18 x 3^4(_7.5) /im, obtusis, subtus plerumque tata paucis verrucis isolatis praesentibus sed 1.6-2 Mm latis, raro usque ad 3 Mm latis, nonnullis plerumque typi IV, V, IV-II, supra hilum area levi 1-3-septatis, tenuitunicatis et interdum collaben- ("plage") bene delimitata praevisis. Hymenio: tibus. Cheilocystidiis ad et prope aciem vix sub- Basidiis 18.5-27 x 4.8-5.5 nm, tetrasporis. Cys- heteromorpham 13-27(-30) x 6-10 Mm, sat nu- tidiis ad latera lamellarum ad acies sat sparsis, merosis, versiformibus, saepe ventricosis, numerosis, 27-38 x 5.5-10 nm, subulatis vel rar- utriformibus, clavatis, interdum apicaliter vel la- ius ampullaceis, apice subacutis, raro obtusis, ap- teraliter appendiculatis, hyalinis, nonnullis brun- ice crystallis aculeiformibus reversis muricatis, neolis, tenuitunicatis vel pariete firma, haud crassa tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis defibulatis; hyphis instructis. Hyphis defibulatis, inamyloideis, non- oleiferis admodum sparsis vel nullis. Epicute pilei nullis (in cortice stipitis praesertim) pigmento ex hyphis filamentosis, 3(-5) nm latis, horizon- brunneo leniter incrustatis, in tramate hymeno- talibus sed haud distincte radialibus cutiformiter phorali regulari hyalinis et parallelis vel subpar- dispositis efformata; pigmento brunneolo-fusco, allelis, usque ad 19 Mm latis, sed multis filifor- intracellulari, dissolute. Ex hyphis epicutis pilei et mibus, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, in superficie stipitis cellulis terminalibus ascen- ex hyphis in zona externa pigmento leniter in- dentibus vel erectis hypharum cylindraceis et 8.5 crustatis, usque ad 3 Mm, in zone inferiore 1.5-7 Mm latis, obtusis praesentibus sed dermatocysti- Mm latis efformata; dermatocystidiis nullis. Hy- diis veris nullis. podermic ex hyphis nonnihil latioribus, haud in- Ad terram in silva subtropicali-montana. crustatis sed pigmento vacuolari spadiceo vel um- brino-fusco impletis, cutiformiter dispositis, TYPUS Argentina, Tucuman, Sierra de San Ja- frequenter subintertextis vel intertextis efformato. vier, Ciudad Universitaria, 9 III 1961, Singer T Stipitis tegumento dermatocystidiis sparsis effor- x 3684 (F). mato, his e. gr. 23 6.5 Mm, hyalinis vel subhy-

20 FIELDIANA: BOTANY alinis, tenuitunicatis, forma sua cheilocystidiis eis pigmento vacuolari dissoluto fusco repletis. simillimis. Hyphis 5-9 Mm latis inter ea sparsis. Ad terram in silvis sparsis Quercuum et mixtis Ad terram in silva subtropicali-montana. Sequoiae, plerumque gregatim. TYPUS Argentina, Tucuman, Sierra de San Ja- vier, Ciudad Universitaria, 1 100 malt., 9 HI 1961, TYPUS USA, California, Placerito Canyon State Singer T 3682 (F). Park, 14 II 1982, Singer N 5018 (F). Additional collection: Samuel Taylor Park, 6 II 1982, leg.

Mackler, Singer & Vergeer, Singer N 5006 (F). < 'oil > bin amazonensis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo colore Marasmii oreadis gaudente, vel ad umbonem ochraceo-brunneo vel flavo-ochraceo

Melanoleuca xavierii Sing., spec. nov. (e. gr. 1 H 6 M&P), marginem versus generatim pallidiore, glabro, haud viscido, haud virgato, ad Pileo castaneo-fuligineo, marginem versus gri- marginem vel usque ad duas tertias radii sulcato, seolo-brunneo vel fusco-griseo, ad marginem ex- convexo, umbonato, 28-75 mm lato. Lamellis al- tremum minute pruinosulo subtomentosoque, sed bidis vel pileo subconcoloribus, mediocriter latis glabrescente, ceterum glabro, levi, convexo, dein vel latissimis, subconfertis vel distantibus, haud subapplanato, centre umbonato, 40 mm lato. vel vix intervenosis, adnexis, rarius sinuato-ad- Lamellis candidis, confertissimis, angustis (3.5-4 nexis vel adnatis, siccando e sporis pallidissime mm), sinuatis. Massa sporarum Candida sed exsic- cinnamomeis. Stipite albo, siccando brunnescente catione cremea (lib Romagnesii). Stipite sordide vel partim subbrunneolo, spiraliter vel longi- fusco-brunneo, nonnihil appresse albido-fibrillo- tudinaliter fibrilloso-sulcato, glabro, cavo, subae- so, aequali sed ad basin subbulbose dilatato, 30 quali vel frequentius basin versus attenuate, immo x 3-3.5 mm, ad basin 7 mm lato. Carne pilei subacute subradicante, 47-1 04 x 3-8 mm, ad bas- stipitisque brunnea, inodora. em ipsam 2-2.5 mm lato in plurimis. Mycelio Sporis 6.5-8.5 x 4.5-5 Mm, rarius usque ad 9 basali sparse, albido. Carne alba, immutabili, in- x 5.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, hyalinis, gutta interna glo- odora, odore rarius fructuum, haud farinoso. Sa- bosa vel elongata munitis vel destitutis, ornamen- pore amaro. tatione amylacea punctata vel verruculosa, 0.2- Sporis 5.5-8.7 x 3.5-5 Mm, plerumque 6.5-7.5 0.5 Mm alta plerumque typi IV, IV-II, supra hilum x 44.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, nonnullis ovoideis, lev- zona levi reducta vel ampla ("plage") delimitata ibus, pariete tenui vel firma (0.2-0.3 Mm crassa in gaudentibus. Hymenio: Basidiis (2-3-)4-sporis, 20- maturis), omnibus vel magna e parte debiliter vel 30 x 6-8.5 Mm. Cystidiis ad latera et acies la- fortiter pseudoamyloideis et in strato externo cy- mellarum numerosis sed subsparsis, 35-73 x 6- anophilis, hyalinis vel pallidissime citrinis in KOH. 16 Mm, fusoideis, paucis brevioribus et tune in- Hymenio: Basidiis 22.5-38 x 6-8 Mm, plerumque

terdum ampullaceis, apice subacute crystallino- 25 x 6.5 Mm, tetrasporis aut (e. gr. in typo) 2- muricatis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis defi- 4-sporis (in tetrasporis sporis usque ad 7.5 Mm bulatis, inamyloideis; oleiferis hyphis paucis vel longis tantum visis); basidiolis subcylindraceis vel subnullis. Pigmento in pileo stipiteque baud in- anguste clavatis, haud fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. crustante nee manifeste intraparietali. Tramate Cheilocystidiis raris vel sat numerosis, inconspi- hymenophorali regulari, hyaline. Epicute pilei cuis et versiformibus aut ventricoso-subcapitatis subfasciculatis ex hyphis appressis, filamentosis, (20-29 x 3.5-5.5 Mm). Hyphis inamyloideis, fi- parallelis vel subparallelis inter se sed fasciculis bulatis, haud gelatinosis, hyalinis, in tramate hy- horizontalibus haud omnibus radialiter dispositis, menophorali regulari 3-14 Mm latis, in stipite sub- cutiformi; dermatocystidiis ad marginem pilei parallelis, in mediostrato laxius, versus tantum praesentibus et eis stipitis simillimis. Stip- subhymenium densius dispositis et magis paral- itis tegumento e dermatocystidiis efformato, his lelis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, sat densa, ad super- sparsis sed in nonnullis areis numerosis, 33-73 x ficiem pilei excrescentia et diverticula longa, sub- 9-16 Mm, parte ventricosa subtus collocata et apice cystidiformia, hyalina, 12-20 x 2-4.5 Mm, longe effilata, ceterum cystidiis hymenialibus sim- interdum furcata sed ad basin haud septata em- illimis, in parte inferiore stipitis tantum multis ex ittente. Hypodermic et epicute vix differentials,

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 21 hyphis subparallelis, filamentosis, trama pilei ver- rosissimis et interdum latera lamellarum paulla- sus paullum crassioribus, eis umbonis pilei brun- tim invadentibus, 30-50 x 4-8 /mi, plerumque neolis, ceterum gilvis; pigmento baud intraparie- lateraliter et apicaliter furcatis vel appendiculatis tali nee incrustante ad marginem pilei, sed in centre vel diverticulatis, nodosis vel excrescentiis sub- interdum etiam intraparietali nee umquam in- capitatis instructis, raro integris, subcylindraceis crustante. Structura C. dryophilae baud evoluta. vel ventricoso-subclavatis, sed admodum versi- Tegumento stipitis subnullo: Ex hyphis verticali- formibus, hyalinis, rarius pallide melleis, tenui- bus superficieis nonnullis tantum diverticulis vel vel subcrassitunicatis, interdum prope basin ra- pilis brevibus, obtusis, hyalinis excrescentibus, his mosis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, fibulatis, inamy- sparsis, 10-22 x 2.3-5 nm. loideis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute In humo profundo silvarum typi campinarana, pilei structuram Ramealium exhibente, elementis rarius ad lignum putridum (et tune carpophoris cystidiformibus (e. gr. 33-50 x 7-10 /im) differ- basi haud subradicantibus), gregatim. entiatis, omnino hyalina vel pallide gilva. Hypod- ermic cutiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis, melleis TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Car- vel stramineis efformato; pigmento intraparietali, acarai, km 45, 10 VIII 1978, Singer B 11376 interdum incrustante, sed incrustatione straminea, (INPA). Additional collections: same locality, 3 haud obscura. Tegumento stipitis ex elementis pil- VIII 1978, Singer B 11350 (INPA); same locality, iformibus vel cystidioideis densis efformato, his 28 II 1978, Singer B 10737 (INPA). 23-210 x 4-1 1 nm, versiformibus sed maxima e parte simplicibus et integris, hyalinis, tenui- vel This species belongs in sect. Striipedes, stirps Mac- firme tunicatis, haud crassitunicatis. ulata. Ad folia mono- et dicotyledonea nee non ad frustula lignea et terram in silvis terrae firmae pri- mariis et secundariis, subgregatim. Coll) bia embrapaensis Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, 6 X Pileo laete pallideve ochraceo-brunneo, ad mar- 1978, Singer B 11403 (INPA). Additional collec- ginem grisello-ochraceo-brunneo in vegetis, hy- tions: 30 km N of Manaus, 23 IV 1977, leg. T. St. grophano vel subhygrophano ut minime ad mar- John, Singer B 9800 (INPA); Manaus, Parque Zool- ginem, exsiccatione gilvo, margine sulcato, ogico Militar, 1 I 1979, Singer B 11468 (INPA); subtomentoso per totam superficiem, demum Bolivia, Beni, Guayaramerin, 8 III 1956, Singer subglabro, convexo, centre depresso, 12-13.5 mm B 11468 (LIL). lato. Lamellis brunneolis, angustis, mediocriter confertis vel subdistantibus fere, arcuatis, non in- Collybia embrapaensis is not rare in Amazonia. tervenosis, adnatis, rarius adnexis vel subcollar- It belongs in sect. Subfumosae Sing. It is not im- iato-secedentibus. Stipite sordide pallideque possible that Marasmius domesticus Murr. non ochreo vel pallide gilvo, interdum ad apicem pileo Collybia domestica (Murr.) Murr. is conspecific, concolori aut ad basin grisello-cinnamomeo, in although in Murrill's species which we have com- siccis brunneolo-cinnamomeo, fortiter vel minute pared the carpophores are much larger. Collybia hispido-pubescente vel pubescente-tomentoso ex hemileuca (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. is related but dif- integro, cavo, aequali vel basin versus angustato, ferent. 14-31 x 0.6-1.8 mm. Mycelio basali fibrilloso, albido siccando pallide sordideque cinnamomeo. Carne superficiebus concolori vel pallidiore, ino- Collybia inconspicua Sing., spec. nov. dora.

Sporis (6-)6.5-9.5 x 4-4.5 urn, ellipsoideis vel Pileo avellaneo-albido, tomentoso, hygro- oblongis vel fusoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamy- phano, siccando in vegetis albido, levi, convexo, loideis, plerumque ellipsoideis et applanatione su- siccando frequenter umbonatescente, 4-7 mm lato. prahilari instructis vel destitutis. Hymenio: Basi- Lamellis concoloribus, mediocriter latis, subdis- diis 25-31 x 8-9 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis aut tantibus, haud intervenosis, adnatis. Stipite pal- fusoideis aut haud fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis vel lide avellaneo-griseolo, ex toto fibrilloso et pu- basidiomorphis (sed basidiis basidiolisque major- bescente-subvellereo, ad basin fortiter hirsute, bus), e. gr. 40-45 x 10-11 nm, raris vel sparsis. aequali, 12-20 x 0.5-0.8 mm. Carne tenui, ino- Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromorpham nume- dora.

22 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Sporis 5.5-6.7 x 3.8-4.5 nm, ellipsoideis, lev- e strato profundiore natis. Cheilocystidiis etiam ibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24 x 6.5 dimorphis 3044 x 5.2-12 /urn numerosis, ten- nm, tetrasporis; basidiolis baud fusoideis. Cysti- uitunicatis. Hyphis (cum cystidiis et cheilocysti- diis ad acies lateraque lamellarum numerosissim- diis) tenuitunicatis, interdum firme vel subcrasse x is, dimorphis, (1) plerumque 35-38 9-12 pm, tunicatis, inamyloideis, baud gelatinosis, fibulatis. late ventricosis vel basidiomorphis, tenuitunica- Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex hyphis fila- tis, hyalinis, apice rotundatis, (2) similibus, rar- mentosis tantum efformato. Hyphis stipitis hy- ioribus, 28-33 x 7-8 nm, ampullaceis, Cheilo- alinis vel subhyalinis, baud pigmento incrustatis, cystidiis in adultis frequenter versiformibus, 2, 5-6 fim latis, pariete 0.2-0.8 nm crassa instruc- subdifferentiatis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis, tis, parallel is. Epicute pilei tenui, subhyalina, cu- baud gelatinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regu- tiformi, hyphis superficialibus tantum aegre lari, ex hyphis latis (8-12 nm) subparallelis, hy- subgelatinosis. Hypodermio baud continuo sed alinis, nonnullis brunneo-incrustatulis efformato. manifesto pigmento atrobrunneo incrustato, par- Epicute pilei structure C. dryophilae gaudente et iete propria subhyalina et diametro hypharum ma- ex hyphis latis (8-12 ^m), efformata. Hypodermic jore quam in epicute. Dermatocystidiis in pilei et talibus et magis inflatis (usque ad 20 j*m diam.) superficie nullis sed hyphis supernis brevia ex- hyphis consistente. Pigmento sparse pallide brun- crescentia sparsa, hyalina, versiformia, 4.5-8 nm neolo vel subhyalino tenuiter incrustante. projicientia emittentibus. Tegumento stipitis e Ad ramenta, ad ramulos et folia dicotyledonea spinis pilosis subcrasse tunicatis, acutis, conicis putrescentia nee non ad terram argillosam in silva 10-14 x 1.24 /nm, laxe dispositis et dermatocys- pluviali typi terrae firmae primaria gregatim. tidiis 1 1-27 x 2-5.5 fim, cylindraceis, clavatis, utriformibus, hyalinis, obtusis, tenuiter vel firme TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus sed baud crasse tunicatis efformato. ("EMBRAPA"), Singer B 10233 (INPA). Ad truncum delapsum in silva tropicali grega- tim.

This belongs in sect. Levipedes (Fr.). TYPUS Costa Rica, Heredia, Sta. OTS "La Sel- va" near Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, 23 XII 1979, Collybia lodgeae Sing., spec. nov. Lodge 294 (F).

Pileo cinnamomeo vel brunneo, hygrophano, This species is somewhat difficult to place. The pallide carneo inter sulcos et in centro desicca- cystidia would indicate an affinity with Cystidios- tione, glabro vel subglabro, sub lente debiliter in- ae, Sing, but the surface of the stipe and the struc- nate radialiter fibrilluloso vel striatulo, margine ture of the epicutis are more like those found in striato dein sulcato, convexo, dein centro depres- sect. Subfumosae Sing. so, 20-50 mm lato. I . aim-Mis albis umbris carneo- lis, angustis (1-4 mm latis), simplicibus, rarius paucis furcatis, baud intervenosis, subdistantibus Collybia nobilior Sing., spec. nov. vel distantibus, acie integris, adnato-subdecurren- tibus. Sporarum maesa cremeo-alba. Stipite sur- Pileo centro castaneo, margine cinnamomeo, vix sum pallido et partim cinnamomeo, subtus cas- hygrophano, baud innate fibrilloso, glabro, baud taneo vel atro-purpureo-brunneo, subtiliter viscido, per quartam partem radii sulcato, con- pubescente, aequali vel minime attenuate apicem vexo, dein circa discum subumbonatum leniter versus, spirae instar saepe convolute, 20-50 x 2- depresso, 45 mm lato. I .aim-Mis pallidis basi 5 mm. Mycelio basali sparse, albo. Carne in pileo subcinnamomea, satis angustis, confertis, baud in- pallescente, in stipite lenta. Odore fragrante, bu- tervenosis, rotundato-liberis. Stipite pallido, ad tyraceo. Sapore miti. apicem fulvo-pallido, siccando pallide brunneolo Sporis 6.5-8 x 3-3.5 nm, fusoideo-oblongis, ex toto, levi, glabro, sed minute et tenuiter sericeo hyalinis, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis (hyphis appressis), in adultis cavo, aequali sed basi 21-28 x 5 ium, tetrasporis; basidiolis filamentosis angustato nee radicato, 76 x 5 mm. Mycelio vel anguste clavatis vel fusoideis. Cystidiis di- basali albo. Carne pallida, inodora. morphis (1)26 44 x 5. 2-7. 5 ^m, fusoideis, acutis, Sporis 7-9.5 x 3-5 ^m, ellipsoideis vel rarius cystidioliformibus, (2) 26-56 x 4.5-7 nm, versi- oblongis, plerumque depressione suprahilari gau- formibus, sed semper obtusis, saepe utriformibus, dentibus, hyalinis, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymen-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 23 io: Basidiis 14-26 x 6.5-7.8 nm, tetrasporis; bas- parallelis, pigmento laete brunneolo-melleo, in- idiolis plerumque baud fusoideis. Cystidiis et traparietali. Epicute pilei tenuiter cutiformi, ex hy- cheilocystidiis nullis visis. Hyphis fibulatis, ple- phis radiatim dispositis in fasciculis sed inter fas- rumque filamentosis, paucis paullum inflatis, in- cicula etiam structuram C. dryophilae formantibus amyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, hy- et latioribus (4-1 1 ^m latis, multidirectis, plus alino. Epicute pilei cutiformi, baud gelatinosa, ex minusve furcatis). In epicute et hypodermio pig- hyphis prostratis, subhyalinis, filamentosis, levi- mento incrustante praesente vel fere absente. Teg- bus efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi, brunneo, umento stipitis in strato inferiore fortiter intertex- pigmento baud vel vix intraparietali, non incrus- to, in strato externo piloso, pilis densis, erectis, tante, intracellulari. Tegumento stipitis hyphali hyalinis vel subhyalinis, baud incrustatis, inter- tantum, dermatocystidiis nullis. dum mucronatis vel subcapitatis, cylindraceis vel Ad humum in silva pluviali tropicali terrae fir- subcylindraceis, obtusis vel subacutis, 55-100 x mae solitario. 2.3-5.5 /im. Ad humum foliaque mono- vel dicotyledonea TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, 31 nee non ad ligna putrida in silva inundabili typi V 1979, Singer B 11077 (INPA). varzea gregatim et communiter obvia species.

This species is quite different from other species TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Lago Janauari, 18 of Collybia and might well justify a special section III 1983, Singer B 12444 (F). Additional collec- characterized by the stipe surface similar to that tions: same locality, Singer B 14453 (F); Parana of sect. Levipedes and the epicutis like that of Ves- do Janauaca near Lago do Castanho, 23 V 1980, tipedes. Singer B 12186 (F).

Collybia phylladophiloides Sing., spec. nov. Collybia rionegrensis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo carneo-griseo ("fawn," "marron glace" Pileo brunneo, margine pallidiore, per medium M&P), rarius castaneo, centre frequenter albicante radium pellucide striato, glabro, convexo, obtuso, vel bubalino, minute vel minutissime dense innate baud umbilicato, 6-7 mm lato. Lamellis pallide radialiter fibrilluloso, baud viscido, sed centre brunneolis vel cremeis, subconfertis vel subdis- saepe homogeneo, ad marginem interdum sub lente tantibus, sat angustis, acie sub lente minute fim- minute scabriusculo, convexo, dein convexo-ap- briatula pallida marginatis, apicem dilatatam stip- planato vel piano, umbilicato, baud papillato, 7- itis attingentibus. Stipite pallido-albidulo ad 28 mm lato. Lamellis albis, confertis vel confer- apicem, subtus cinnamomeo, dense albo-hirsuto tissimis, angustis, venis paucis, distantibus vel an- vel conspicue pubescente, subaequali vel basin astomosibus interdum inconspicue connexis sed versus attenuate, 15-16 x 0.7-1 mm. Mycelio plerqumque baud intervenosis, liberis vel subli- basali pallide fulvido, hirsute. Carne tenui, ino- beris. Stipite pileo concolori, sed ex integro ad- dora. modum subtiliter albo-pubescente, subvilloso, ae- Sporis 7-8.5 x 4-4.5 pm, ellipsoideis, hyalinis quali, saepe in humo inserto sed baud radicante, levibus (paucis visis). Hymenio: Basidiis sat firme 43-50 x 1 .3-1.5 mm. Mycelio basali saepe sparso, tunicatis et guttulis oleagineis repletis; basidiolis sordido vel albo. Game tenui, inodora. baud fusoideis. Cheilocystidiis dermatocystidiis Sporis5.5-7.5 x 3 MHI, oblongis, levibus, hy- stipitis simillimis. Hyphis fibulatis, tenui- vel firme alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 5-5.5 nm tunicatis in pileo, subcrasse tunicatis et parallelis latis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cheilocystidiis ad acies in stipite, baud gelatinosis, subhyalinis, fibulatis. et prope aciem lamellarum heteromorpham sat Epicute pilei cutiformi, structuram Ramealium numerosis sed versiformibus, ventricosis, clavatis, baud formante, pigmento ochraceo intraparietali utriformibus, ampullaceis, 19-37 x 2-12 nm, in- baud incrustante, ex hyphis filamentosis effor- terdum filamentosis, filamentoso-furcatis vel ap- mata. Dermatocystidiis nullis. Tegumenti stipitis pendiculatis, hyalinis, tenuiparitalibus vel firme hyphis piliformibus, singularibus vel fasciculariter tunicatis sed baud crasse tunicatis. Hyphis fibu- condensatis, (40-)80-106 x 3_7(-10) Mm, tenui- latis, sed interdum septis numerosis simplicibus vel crassitunicatis (pariete plerumque 0.5-1 Mm secundariis praesentibus, inamyloideis, in stipite crassa), simplicibus, rotundato-obtusis ad apicem,

24 FIELDIANA: BOTANY cylindraceis vel nonnihil irregularibus et nonnullis haud gelatinosis efformato. In zona media stipitis subflexuosis, nonnullis leniter inflatis in parte, tegumento cystidioso et piloso haud evoluto. praesertim ad basin. Ad terram in silva typi terrae firmae solitario. Ad truncos Dicotyledonum in silva tropicali in- undabili (igapo), dense gregatim. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus ("EMBRAPA"), 29 VI 1977, Singer B 10028.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ponta Negra near This species is similar to C. nobilior Sing, (see Manaus, 15 I 1978, Singer B 10528 (INPA). above), but it may have more affinity with C. lod- geae Sing. This species apparently belongs in sect. Ves- tipedes.

Neoclitocybe ciliata Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo dilute cinnamomeo ("bran" M&P vel sub- Collybia solitaria Sing., spec. nov. pallidiore) vel avellaneo (1319 M&P), subhygro- phano, dehydratione cinnamomeo-pallido vel Pileo brunneo (inter "burnt umber" et "kis kil- brunneolo-pallido, glabro sed in fundo umbilici im" M&P), sed centre et margine pallidis, baud albo-tomentoso et ad marginem extremum fim- manifeste hygrophano neque innate fibrilloso, per briato-ciliato, sub lente minutissime radiatim in- tertiam partem radii pellucide striato, glabro, con- nate radialiter fibrilluloso vel virgato, haud vis- vexo, dein applanato, subumbonato, margine de- cido, interdum zonis pallidioribus subzonato, ad mum recurvato, 15-16 mm lato. I aim-Ills albis, marginem breviter pallucide striato vel interdum confertis, satis angustis, liberis. Stipite albo, gla- sulculato, con vexo, fortiter umbilicato, 1 4-22 mm bro, baud viscido, subaequali, 49-50 x 1.3-2 mm. lato. Lamellis pileo concoloribus, confertis vel Mycelio basali sparse, fibrilloso-tomentoso, albo. confertissimis, satis angustis, interdum debiliter Carne alba, immutabili, inodora. intervenosis, arcuatis, decurrentibus. Stipite pileo Sporis6-6.8 x 2.5-3 ^m, oblongis, levibus, hy- concolori, minute sed manifeste hirsuto-piloso ex alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15-16 x toto, aequali, solido, 11-18 x 0.7-1.5 mm. My- 6-6.5 jum, clavatis. Cystidiis numerosis, 38-56 x celio basali ad basin disciformiter dilatato tomen- 8.5-14.7 fim, ampullaceis, utriformibus, ventri- toso, sed extra tomentum nullo et tomento non cosis, interdum anguste mucronatis, semper ob- constanter evoluto ita ut stipes insititius vel sub- tusis, tenuitunicatis, in pedicello admodum ten- insititius appareat. Carne pallida. Odore nullo. Sa- uiter tunicatis, inamyloideis. Cheilocystidiis pore miti, haud farinaceo. numerosis et densis in partibus acieis lamellarum, Sporis 6.5-9 x 2.5-3.7 /im, oblongis vel oblon- absentibus in aliis, pro medio angustioribus quam go-cylindraceis, depressione suprahilari instructis, pleurocystidia, 47-65 x 5.7-11.2 urn, anguste levibus, hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-25 x 4.7- ventricosis vel utriformibus vel late utriformibus 6 nm, tetrasporis; basidiolis subfusoideis, obtu- vel anguste ampullaceis, hyalinis. Hyphis pilei in satis. Cystidiis 1 5-20 x 4-6 /im, ampullaceis vel tramate et in tramate hymenophorali regulari hy- fusoideo-ventricosis, contentu granulate prae- alinis, inamyloideis, tenuitunicatis, haud gelati- sente vel absente, phloxinae ope nonnihil intensius nosis, eis stipitis parallelis vel subparallelis, hy- rosascentibus quam basidia, ultra basidia haud alinis vel subhyalinis, incrustatione pigmenti emergentibus, pariete tenui aut, praecipue ad ap- absente aut haud manifesta, 1.3-15 nm latis (in icem, firma vel subcrassiuscula instructis, integris, pileo 1.8-17 nm). Epicute tenuissima et interdum hyalinis. Cheilocystidiis solitariis vel aggregatis, x disjuncta supra hypodermium pilei, plerumque in- 45-70 3.2-5.5 ^m, filamentosis vel anguste conspicua, ex hyphis tenuiter filamentosis, hyalin- utriformibus vel ampullaceis, nonnullis subcapi- is efformata. Hypodermic (ut epicutis) cutiformi, tatis, tenuitunicatis, strictis vel flexuosis, hyalinis. hie inde denudato, ex hyphis radialiter dispositis, Hyphis in tramate hymenophorali manifeste re- sed intertextis et nonnumquam furcatis, haud par- gulari partim subparallelis, partim subintertextis, allelis inter se, 1.3-7.8 nm latis, incrustationibus haud gelatinosis, hyalinis, fibulatis, usque ad 5 jmi conspicuis pigmenti sepiaceo-fuliginei obsitis, typ- latis, tenuitunicatis vel nonnullis firme vel sub- icam C. dryphilae structuram non formantibus, crassiuscule tunicatis (his oleiferis?), inamyloid-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 25 in silva ei varzea eis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis levibus (div- tern loco humido tropicali typi erticulis brevibus, hyphosis, raris, sparsis erectis vicina. 13-14 x 3-3.5 /mi), 1-4 nm crassis, baud gelati- nosis efFormata. Ciliis marginis pilei fasciculariter TYPUS Bolivia, Pando, Manuripi, Sta. Rosa, congregatis ex hyphis efformatis, 400-500 /mi lon- 22 III 1956, Singer B 2150 (holotypus, LIL; iso- gis, hyphis cheilocystidiis similibus. Tegumento typus, BAFC). stipitis ex dermatocystidiis piliformibus efforma- to, his cheilocystidiis similibus, sed nonnullis ex eis latioribus, pariete usque ad 1 /mi crassa vel Marasm iell us ama/oniensis Sing., spec. nov. tenui instructis, hyalinis, ad apicem obtusis, nu- merosissimis. A Marasmiello eugeniae Sing, differt sporis mi- Ad lignum dicotyledoneum in silva tropicali typi noribus, cheilocystidiis admodum irregularibus. terrae firmae gregatim. Ad folia et radicellas Dicotyledonum delapsa in silva pluviali. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus-

Itacoatiara, km 65, 8 X 1977, i.e., during a rela- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, tively dry season, Singer B 10183 (INPA). in terra firme vegetation, 1 8 V 1 977, Singer B 9643 (INPA). Additional collection: near road Manaus- This species reminds one of the Clitocybes with Caracarai, km 45, in campinarana vegetation, 28 ciliate margin, but it is obviously closer to Neo- II 1978, Singer B 10720 (INPA). clitocybe sanctaerosae (below).

Neoclitocybe sanctaerosae Sing., spec. nov. Marasmiellus baeosporoides Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo brunneo, leniter subolivaceo, in siccis fus- Pileo brunneo (14 H 11), pallidiore ad margi- co ("Madrid"), glabro sed prope et in umbilico nem, convexo et umbilicato demum subapplanato tomentosulo, levi, convexo, fortiter umbilicato, 4- et centre leniter depresso, 4.5-8.5 mm lato. La- 6 mm lato. Lamellis sordide pallidis, siccis pileo mellis albis, haud intervenosis, mediocriter latis subconcoloribus, subconfertis vel confertis, an- vel latis, subdistantibus, late adnatis. Stipite al- gustis vel moderatim latis, ad aciem lateribus con- bido ad apicem, brunneo ad basin, magis brunneo colorem integris, decurrentibus. Stipite olivaceo- in vetustis, fibrilloso, plus minusve aequali, insi- brunneo, pubescente, subtus tomentoso- titio, 12 x 0.4-0.7 mm. Carne tenui, inodora. subfurfuraceo, tenui, aequali, insititio, 7-9 x 0.2- Sporis 4-5.5 x 1.5-2.7 /mi, oblongo-subfuso- 0.4 mm. Carne tenui, subinodora. ideis, tenuissime tunicatis, hyalinis. Hymenio: Sporis 6.7-8 x 3.2-4 /mi, ellipsoideis vel ob- Basidiis 14.5-16 x 3.8-5 /mi, tetrasporis; basi- longo-subfusoideis, rarius ovoideis, levibus, ina- diolis fusoideis. Cystidiis ad latera lamellarum x myloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21.5-22.5 x 7-7.5 paucis, clavatis vel irregularibus, e. gr. 23.5 8 /mi, tetrasporis. Cheilocystidiis 25-35 x 2.5-5 /mi, /mi. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem lamellarum hetero- simplicibus, integris, filamentosis vel in parte me- morpham versiformibus, 2244 x 3.3-8.7 /mi, diana subventricosis vel constrictis, hyalinis. Hy- frequenter subfusoideis et tune apicaliter mucron- phis in tramate pilei anguste filamentosis, fibulatis, atis vel lateraliter appendiculatis aut utrifor- inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali subhyali- mibus et apicaliter sterigmatiformiter appendi- no, haud gelatinoso, regulari, ex hyphis filamen- culatis vel ad basin ramosis et obtuse diverticulatis, tosis plus minusve intertextis efformato. Epicute hyalinis, raro melleis. Hyphis fibulatis sed fibulas pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis, levibus sed falsas et septa secundaria etiam exhibentibus, in hinc inde excrescentia erecta filamentosa brevia, tramate hymenophorali hyalinis, regulariter dis- interdum anguste claviculata, frequenter secun- positis, sed satis intertextis, 5-9 /mi latis, haud dario-appendiculata ad latera sua, hyalina, 10-12 gelatinosis. Epicute pilei structurae Ramealium x 1.5-3 nm emittentibus efformata; hyphis pros- intermittentis inter hyphas integras 3-6 /*m latas tratis 2 /mi latis. Hypodermic paullum differ- et cutem formantes. Tegumento stipitis ex pilis entiate, incrustationibus pigmenti nullis. Tegu- cystidiformibus numerosis efformato, his erectis, mento stipitis e dermatocystidiis efformato. cheilocystidiis simillimis sed pariete firma, hyali- Ad ramum arboris dicotyledoneae putrescen- na vel mellea instructis et 6-54 /mi longis.

26 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Ad ramum emortuum dicotyledoneum in silva defibulatis praesentibus, inamyloideis. Tramate tropical! inundabili (igapo) aquae nigrae. hymenophorali regulari ex hyphis hyalinis, fila- mentosis sed ad ramificationibus saepe incrassatis, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- intertextis efformato. Hyphis stipitis subparallelis mazinho, 1 2 III 1 980 lectus, Singer B 12025 (INPA). inter se, pallide ochraceis, haud incrustatis. Hy- phis oleiferis sparsis vel numerosis, saepe melleis

This new species is related to M. baeosporus (NH 4OH). Epicute pilei ex elementis irregularibus, Sing. structuram Ramealium haud vel sparse (inter- mittenter) formantibus et dermatocystidia et ex- crescentia hyphalia vel arboriformia sparsa em- Marasmiellus bauhiniae Sing., spec. nov. ittentibus, haud gelatinosis, 2-18 nm latis, pariete usque ad 0.7 jum crassa instructis, e pigmento in- Pileo cinnamomeo in centre et in sulcis ("Pek- traparietali stramineis vel pallide cinnamomeo- inese" M&P), saepe pallidiore intra sulcos, hygro- ochreis, non incrustatis. Hypodermic ab epicute phano vel subhygrophano et dehydratione usque paullum differentiate, subcutiformi, haud incrus- ad gilvum pallidum pallescente, interdum magis tato. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis pili- pallescente in centre, interdum ad marginem, in- formibus numerosis efformato, his 29-150 x 5- terdum vix pallescente, glabro, in margine usque 10 Mm, pila Crinipellis in mentem revocantibus, ad tres quartas radii sulcato, convexo, centre mox sed interdum appendiculis brevibus sparsis later- applanato, interdum subumbonato vel subumbil- alibus instructis et pariete 0.7-1 .2(-l .5) nm crassa, icato sed tune in parte centrali demum leniter de- ad apicem tenuiore praeditis, strictis vel flexuosis, presso, 10-25 mm lato. Lamellis pileo concolo- interdum inter se intertextis, apice rotundatis, hy- ribus vel paullum pallidioribus, subconfertis vel alinis vel subhyalinis, basin stipitis versus brun- distantibus, satis angustis vel mediocriter latis (us- neotunicatis et interdum secundario-septatis, lon- que ad 3 mm), baud, raro minime intervenosis, gissimis. rotundato-adnexis vel adnatis, rarius (in siccis) Ad ramos et truncos nee non ad fructus delapsos subdecurrentibus. Stipite pallido vel pallide cas- putamine ligneo praeditos (e. gr. Chrysobalana- taneo in parte superiore, subtus castaneo, brunneo cearum), frequenter ad Bauhiniae ligna in silvis vel subsepiaceo, subtiliter pubescente vel laxe vel- tropicalibus. lereo, pilis pallidis vel ad basin stipitis brunneis ornato, subaequali sed apicem versus frequenter TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, in second- subattenuato et apice extremo saepe dilatato, rar- ary forest on Bauhinia gregarious, 24 IV 1977, ius basin versus subangustato, tubulari 20-3 1 x Singer B 9801 (INPA). Additional collection: near 0.7-1. 7(-2) mm, insititio, rarius subinsititio. Carne road Manaus-Caracarai, km 45, on fruits of Chry- pallida, inodora. sobalanaceae, 1 1 VII 1977, Singer B 10070 (INPA).

Sporis (5.3-)7.2-8.7 x (3-)4-5(-5.3) urn, ellip- A collection by D. Jean Lodge 297 (F) from Costa soideis, nonnullis ovoideis, levibus, minus con- Rica, Heredia, Puerto Viejo, OTA, 29 XII 1979, vexis ad latus interius quam exterius, hyalinis, in- is perhaps conspecific. amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-29 x 5-8 nm, tetrasporis, fibula basali praeditis, rarius destitutis; This species belongs in subsect. Quercini Sing. basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- diis ad et prope aciem lamellarum numerosis, an- guste vel late ventricosis et appendiculis digitifor- Marasmiellus cocosensis Sing., spec. nov. mibus ad latera vel ad apicem ornatis, 19-55 x 5-15 nm, appendicibus usque ad 21 pm longis et Pileo alutaceo, centre pallide brunneo, subto- 1.8-2.7 ^m diam., hyalinis; plerumque in quan- mentoso, sulcato, convexo, centre applanato, 5-6 titate variabili paucis vel sat numerosis cheilocys- mm lato. Lamellis pallidis, interdum acie sub- tidiis integris appendiculo nullo vel uno apicali brunnescente, latis, subdistantibus, haud inter- tantum praeditis vel cylindraceis et appendiculis venosis, subdistantibus (lamellis percurrentibus lateralibus brevibus aut apice furcato vel simplici 16-17), adnatis. Stipite brunneolo, macroscopice praeditis intermixtis. Hyphis stratum gelatinosum subglabro, sed partim tomentosulo-subflocculoso in tramate haud formantibus, sed hyphis indivi- sub lente, cavo, insititio, subaequali, 4-7.5 x 0.4 dualibus interdum subgelatinisatis, tenui- vel firme mm. Carne tenui. tunicatis, fibulatis, sed multis septis secundariis Sporis 6-8.5 x 2.5-3.5 Mm, oblongis, ellipso-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 27 ideo-subfusoideis vel oblongo-subcylindraceis, terdum subliberis. Stipite brunneo, apice pallid- levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Cysti- iore, ochraceo-brunneo, subtus brunneo-tomen- diis ad aciem et latera lamellarum praesentibus, toso, apicem versus subpallide admodum subtiliter ad aciem magis numerosis, ad latera subsparsis pubescente, subaequali, subinsititio, farcto, 25 vel numerosis, 13-23 x 7-12.5 nm, ventricosis x 0.7 mm. Carne alba, demum brunneola, ino- vel subvesiculosis vel vesiculosis, rotundato-ob- dora. tusis ad apicem, interdum uno dactylomorpho ap- Sporis 6.5-8.5 x 3-3.7 fim, oblongis, levibus, pendiculo apicali vel mucrone praeditis (prope hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17.5 x 6.5 /tin, te- marginem pilei etiam multi-appendiculatis), hy- trasporis, basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. alinis, rarius brunneolo-hyalinis, tenuitunicatis vel Cheilocystidiis sparsis, nonnullis 15-16 x 5-6 nm pariete firma (numquam crassa) instructis. Hyphis et ampullaceis, apice interdum subcapitatis, hy- fibulis mcxleratim frequentibus praevisis sed non- alinis; aliis 20-32 x 3.5-4.2 fim, hyphiformibus nullis septis primariis et secundariis defibulatis, vel cylindraceis, interdum constrictis vel subcap- inamyloideis, baud gelatinosis, in stipite parallelis, itatis vel bilobatis, brunneolis. Hyphis haud ge- plerumque filamentosis pigmento brunneolo vel latinosis, fibulatis, in stipite parallelis, brunneis, pallide ochreo-cinnamomeo intraparietali, baud pigmento incrustatis, inamyloideis. Epicute pilei incrustante coloratis. Epicute pilei structurae Ra- cutiformi, interdum nonnullis hyphis ascenden- mealium manifesta sed interdum partim fugaci tibus, sed omnibus levibus, firme vel crasse (usque gaudente, baud cutiformi, sed hypodermic sub- ad 1 /im) tunicatis; hypodermic simili; pigmento cutiformi ex hyphis latioribus intertextis, inter- incrustante brunneo. Tegumento stipitis derma- dum furcatis, pigmento aut haud incrustante, in- tocystidiis piliformibus formato, his 19-37 x 4.5- traparietali aut in paucis cellulis subtiliter ochreo- 6.8 ium, frequenter ad basin usque ad 10 /xm in- incrustato, numquam manifeste atro-incrustato. crassatis, pariete firma vel crassa (1 /mi), melleis Dermatocystidiis ad marginem pilei sparsis vel vel brunneis, filamentosis vel cylindraceis vel sub- raris, cheilocystidiis similibus, sed usque ad 1 1 fim ulatis vel subclavatis, apice obtusis, interdum una latis, ceterum nullis. Tegumento stipitis ex hyphis vel duabus constrictionibus instructis, rarius cheil- ascendentibus tenuibus et dermatocystidiis sub- ocystidiis ampullaceis similibus; pigmento intra- triformibus admodum versiformibus efformato, parietali et incrustante. his 8-35 x 2.2-5.8 nm, saepe ampullaceis vel an- Ad folia dejecta Arbuti menziesii Pursh. et Se- guste ventricosis, subclavatis, interdum constrictis quoiae et Lithocarpi in silvis. vel ad apicem semel vel bis furcatis, hyalinis vel brunneolo-hyalinis, raro duobus appendiculis ap- TYPUS USA, California, San Mateo Co., near icalibus dactylomorphis coronatis et tune usque road 35, "Alex's Place," 16 VII 1975, Singer N ad 10 /urn latis, tenuitunicatis vel firme tunicatis 7531 (F). sed haud crassitunicatis.

Ad ligna emortua in silva tropicali. The type belongs in subsect. Quercini Sing, and is related to M. alneus Sing. TYPUS Costa Rica, Cocos Island, between

Chatham and Wafer Bay, 100-232 m alt., Decem-

1 1 ber 98 , Gomez 17974 (F). Additional collection: Marasmiellus epitrichialis Sing., spec. nov. same locality and date, Gomez 17982 (F). Pileo sordide cinnamomeo-brunneo, unifor- This species is related to M. cystidiosus Sing. miter fere colorato, macroscopice glabro, subsul- cato vel levi, convexo, obtuso, haud umbilicato, 4-6.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis vel albidis, angustis, Marasmiellus californicus Sing., spec. nov. haud vel vix intervenosis, subconfertis vel sub- distantibus, raro distantibus, stipitem versus an- Pileo brunneo, hygrophano, sicco pallidiore, gustatis, adnatis vel liberis. Stipite cinnamomeo- margine pallide brunneolo sed haud albido, glabro, subpallido, albo-flocculoso vel albido-flocculoso convexo, demum applanato, subacute papillate, et simul minute pubescente, aequali, cavo, insi- 5-9 mm lato. Lamellis pallide brunneolo-aluta- titio vel subinsititio (unilateraliter hyalino-hypho- ceis, mediocriter confertis (lamellis percurrentibus so sub lente vel nullo modo mycelioso), in adultis 1 2, lamellulis paucis), horizontalibus, mediocriter e basi gradatim pileo concolori, 13-14 x 0.2-0.4 latis, haud intervenosis, anguste adnexis vel in- mm. Carne tenui, inodora.

28 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Sporis 5.7-6.5 x 2.7-3 ^m, ellipsoideis vel ob- Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis, 25-37 x 10-24

longis, levibus, hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16.5- Mm, multis vel omnibus fere pro ratione latis, ven- 17 x 5.7-7 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- tricosis vel subvesiculosis et saepe longe pedicel- ocystidiis 38-43 x 3-6.5/im, filamentosis vellan- latis, ad apicem vel in parte majore superna mul- ceolatis vel anguste clavatis, apice rotundatis et tiappendiculatis, appendiculis (1-) 1.5-8 x 0.8-1.7 integris aut furcatis aut usque ad quinque-appen- Mm, pariete tenui, hyalina praeditis, reliquis magis diculatis vel diverticulatis, hyalinis, tenuitunica- irregularibus et ramosis, structurae Ramealium in- tis, ex eis acie lamellarum heteromorpha vel pro- star et secundarie diverticulatis, 10-30 x 6-9.5 pemodum heteromorpha. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, Mm, interdum perpaucis. Hyphis filamentosis, aliis fibulatis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis. Epicute pilei usque ad 22 Mm latis sed inter septa moderatim subcutiformi, ex hyphis prostratis vel recurvatis, longis, haud gelatinosis, inamyloideis, defibulatis, dermatocystidia emittentibus efformata, his er- in pileo tenuitunicatis, in stipite subparallelis. Tra- x ectis, 33-80 2-3.8 Mm, filiformibus vel ad basin mate hymenophorali regulari. Hyphis oleiferis leniter incrassatis, hyalinis, obtusis, pariete 0.1- moderatim numerosis, 1.5-9.5 Mm latis, refrin- 0.4 Mm crassa instructis. Hypodermic ex hyphis gentibus. Epicute pilei et hypodermio hyalinis, ex subirregularibus, fortiter sepiaceo-incrustatis, 2- hyphis intertextis, diverticulatis (diverticulis e. gr. 1 Mm crassis efformato. Stipitis tegumento in floc- 4 x 1.5 Mm), usque ad 16 Mm latis efformatis et culis e dermatocystidiis efformato, his e. gr. 36 x structuram Ramealium formantibus. Dermato- 4 Mm et cheilocystidiis simillimis; pubescentia e cystidiis marginem pilei versus sparsis vel raris, pilis versiformibus, 19-49 x 6-8 Mm, sparsis vel e. gr. 25-30 x 12 Mm, subclavatis vel subventri- subsparsis, cylindraceis vel subulatis, interdum cosis, integris vel (ut cheilocystidia) appendicu- mucronatis, ceterum obtusis, pariete 0.2-0.4 Mm latis, omnibus tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Tegumento crassa, raro ad apicem usque ad 2.2 Mm incrassata, stipitis e dermatocystidiis et hyphis criniformibus semper levibus et integris efformata. admodum versiformibus efformato.

Ad folia delapsa, coriacea gregatim in silva ar- Ad ligna arborum dicotyledonearum, e. gr. Eu- enosa typi campina vel campinarana. geniae citrifoliae Poir. in silvis tropicalibus typi terrae firmae et campinae-campinaranae. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- Caracarai, km 45, 28 II 1978, Singer B 10731, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus 1073 la (INPA). ("EMBRAPA"), 23 VI 1977, Singer B 10010 (INPA). Additional collection apparently conspecific: Bra-

This species is related to M. hirtellus (Berk. & zil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Caracarai, km 45, in Br.) Pegler and M. napoensis Sing. campinarana, Singer B 11359 (INPA).

This clampless species is related to M. defibu-

Mar a MII if 1 1 us eugeniae Sing., spec. nov. latus Sing., from which it differs in much larger spores. We have, however, collected a somewhat Pileo albo, macroscopice glabro, sub lente min- intermediate form between M. defibulatus and M. utissime subhispido, per tertiam partem radii sub- eugeniae Sing, which has spores 8-10.5 x 3-4.2 sulculato, convexo, mox centro depresso, demum Mm, mostly 10-10.5 x 3.5 Mm. Although I did subapplanato, 2.5-3 mm lato. Lamellis albis, an- not separate this form from M. eugeniae at first gustis vel mediocriter latis, subdistantibus vel dis- sight, it turns out to be separable from the latter tantibus, interdum nonnullis furcatis, horizontal- because of more irregular cheilocystidia and dif- ibus vel subarcuatis, subliberis vel adnato- ferent habitat. Consequently, this intermediate subdecurrentibus. Stipite albo, interdum pallide form is now considered to be a different, new griseolo ad apicem, siccando ad basin cinnamo- species, M. amazoniensis Sing., which see above. meo in vetustis, sub lente fibrilloso-subhispidulo et sericeo ad basin, macroscopice subglabro, ae- quali vel subaequali, insititio, 4.5-5 x 0.2 mm. Marasmiellus helminthocystis Sing., spec. nov. Carne pilei alba, tenui, inodora. Sporis 10-14 x (4-)4.5-6Mm,plerumque 12- Pileo primum dilute avellaneo, mox albo, immo 12.5 x 5-5.5 Mm, oblongis vel fusoideis, levibus, candido vel centro pallide fuscidulo, demum sor- inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25^49 x 7-1 1.5 dido, grisello, primum fibrillis pilisque densis ob- Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis vix manifeste fusoideis. tecto, praesertim in centro, demum glabrescente,

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 29 pellucide striato, demum sulcato-virgato (lineis trescentia Monocotyledonum gregatim, e. gr. ad sordide subcinnamomeis et pallidis), haud hygro- Palmas et Musaceas. phano vel demum subhygrophano, convexo, fre- quenter umbonato, dein obtuso et in centre an- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ponta Negra, 8 IV guste vel ample depresso sed haud profunde nee 1978, Singer B 10963 (INPA). Additional collec- umbilicato-depresso, 7.5-1 1.5 mm lato. Lamellis tions: Manaus, 17 V 1977, Singer B 9886 (INPA); albis, interdum grisello-albidis, immutabilibus, in same locality, 15 XII 1978, Singer B 7 7459 (INPA); juvenilibus distantibus vel subdistantibus, dein same locality, 16 XII 1978, Singer B 11441 (INPA); subdistantibus vel confertiusculis, lenissime la- Peru, San Martin, Tocache Nuevo, 550-650 m xeque subintervenosis vel haud intervenosis, sed alt., 12 XII 1981, Plowman, Schunke V., Rury interdum furcatis, raro anastomosantibus, inter- 11338(F). dum demum incrassatis (parasitae causa?), an- gustis vel subangustis, adnatis, interdum seceden- This species belongs in sect. Candidi (Bat.) Sing, tibus. Sporis in massa candidis. Stipite albo, and is related to M. albuscorticis (Seer.) Sing, which subtiliter velutino vel pubescente, ut minime sub differs in the shape ofthe cystidia and the thickness lente viso, sed demum glabrescente, e basi dilatata of the stipe as well as the absence of gray discol- discoidea nato, centrali vel subcentrali, rarius sub- orations in the lower part of the stipe; it also has excentrico, aequali, primum solido, 0.7-14 x 0. 1- quite different habitat and geographical distribu- 0.7 mm. Mycelio basali vix formato. Velo albo, tion. Marasmiellus helminthocystis also differs pileum juvenilium et stipitem usque ad basin stra- from M. coilobasis (Berk.) Sing, in scarcely inter- to sericeo vel tomentoso obtegente sed fugacissi- venose lamellae, presence of dermatocystidia on mo, neque annulum neque volvam formante. Hy- the pileus, differentiated cheilocystidia and ab- menio primordii clause; evolutio carpophore-rum sence of (pleuro-)cystidia and different dermato- velangiocarpica vel paravelangiocarpica. Fractura cystidia of the stipe; it also differs in habitat. Mar- carpophororum in substrate cavitates minutae, al- asmiellus volvatus differs in the development of bae ut in M. coilobasis frequenter observantur. the veil which leaves a distinct volva at the base Carne alba, immutabili, tenui, inodora. of the stipe and does not show an even moderately Sporis 8.5-16 x 3.3-6 /mi, fusoideis vel fuso- developed Rameales structure in young speci- = ideo-oblongis, (Q 2.5-3.9), depressione supra- mens; furthermore, it grows on Dicotyledones, not hilari plerumque instructis, tenuitunicatis, levi- on Monocotyledones. bus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis tetrasporis, rarius (2-3 -)4-sporis, 25-42 x 9-10.5 Mm; basidiolis et fusoideis et haud fusoideis prae- Marasmiellus hypolissus Sing., spec. nov. sentibus. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis sparsis vel raris, (30-)37-l 10 x 1.7-3.5 Mm, filamentosis, Pileo albo, levi, glabro, convexo, demum con- sed ad basin ipsam cepiformiter vel ventricose in- cavo et unduloso, 1.2-1.4 mm lato. Lamellis sub- crassatis, longissime effilatis, diametro partis bas- nullis, sed demum venis nonnullis admodum dis- alis (10 Mm alto) 3.5-10 nm, parte effilata in- tantibus et paucis ad ipsum marginem terdum absente, si praesens obtusa, omnibus percurrentibus, subdecurrentibus, superficie hy- cheilocystidiis hyalinis, tenuitunicatis (pariete meniali alba. Stipite albo, glabro, levi, glabro, ad 0.2-0.3 /xm, raro usque ad 0.9 Mm diam.), contentu basin attenuate, ad ipsam basin disciformiter di- visibili nullo. Hyphis filamentosis vel cylindra- latato, anguste cavo, 4 x 0.3 mm. Mycelio basali ceis, 3-12 Mm diam. et inter septa vix notabiliter nullo. Carne alba, tenui, immutabili. longis, haud vel vix gelatinosis, inamyloideis, fi- Sporis 6-7 x 3.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, hy- bulatis (sed nonnullis septis simplicibus praesen- alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiolis fuso- tibus). Epicute pilei propria ex hyphis repentibus ideis et cum basidiis ad basin fibulatis. Cystidiis effbrmata sed strato velari structura Ramealium et cheilocystidiis nullis vel rarissimis. Hyphis fi- moderatim evoluta efformato obtecta; dermato- lamentosis, multis septis fibulatis, nonnullis sim- cystidiis praesentibus, cheilocystidiis similibus. In plicibus, tenuitunicatis, inamyloideis, haud gela- superficie stipitis multis dermatocystidiis eis pilei tinosis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari(?) sed simillimis praesentibus, in ambobus parte effilata admodum reducto. Epicute pilei ex hyphis ple- frequentius reducta quam in cheilocystidiis. rumque prostratis, disperse et sparsissime excres- Ad frondes aliaque fragmenta delapsa vel pu- centia brevissima spiniformia emittentibus, hy-

30 FIELDIANA: BOTANY alinis efformata; structura Ramealium nulla. rarius usque ad 1.5 Mm crassa instructis, nume- Tegumento stipitis depilato. rosis, 13-57 x 5.5-8.5 Mm, cylindraceis vel am- Ad radicellas emortuas in silva tropical! typi pullaceis, interdum flexuosis, obtusis effbrmato. terrae firmae primariae, raro et solitario. Ad lignum ramulorum quercinorum et ad alia ligna dicotyledonea gregatim sed haud dense ag- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, gregate in silva prope rivulas. 18 I 1978, Singer B 10540 (INPA). TYPUS- USA, Illinois, Highland Park, 6 VIII

This species appears to belong in sect. Dealbati 1972, Singer N 4152 (F). subsect. Dealbati ni Sing., but its position in Mar- asmiellus is somewhat doubtful since the subde- This North American species belongs in sect. current lamellae may indicate some relationship Dealbati subsect. Quercini Sing, and is related to with Neoclitocybe Sing. M. bauhiniae Sing, and M. hirtellus (Berk. & Br.) Pegler, but seems to be somewhat intermediate between the Quercini and sect. Rameales (Lange) Marasmiellus illinorum Sing., spec. nov. Sing., especially the stirps Subramealis, from which it differs in the poorly developed Rameales struc- Pileo in centre brunneo ("centennial Br" M&P), ture of the pileus, shorter spores, different hairs ad marginem ochreo-albido, subhygrophano, gla- on the surface of the stipe, and different habitat bro, levi vel ad marginem brevissime (2-3 mm) and distribution. M. gomezpompae is larger, with sulcatulo sed in siccis semper leviusculo, convexo, much longer spores and relatively longer stipe than centre mox depresso, 5-1 1 mm lato. Lamellis al- that of M. illinorum Sing. bis vel cremeo-albis, confertis, haud furcatis, haud intervenosis, multis lamellulis insertis, anguste ad- nexis vel subliberis. Stipite ad apicem pallido, in- Marasmiellus latispermus Sing., spec. nov. ter apicem et basin rubro-brunneo ("henna" M&P) et ad ipsam basin atrocastaneo ("Mandalay" Pileo albo, lamellis albis haud intervenosis, dis- M&P), pruinato, insititio, centrali gradatim leniter tantibus, stipite griseo in adultis, e subcentrali ex- basin versus attenuate, 10-40 x 0.6-0.9 mm. centrico vel sublaterali. x Came in pileo et apice stipitis alba, tenuissima, Sporis 9-1 1.5 6-8.5 Mm, late ellipsoideis. inodora. Ad Bambuseas (Chusquea spec.). Sporis 6-6.5 x 2.5-3 /im, fusoideis vel oblongis vel oblongo-ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, ina- TYPUS Peru, Cuzco, Machu Picchu, 20 V 1958, myloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16-24 x 5-6.2 nm, Singer B 3026 (holotype, BAFC; isotype, LIL). tetrasporis, basidiolis plerumque (haud omnibus) fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis nume- This species has been confused with the holo- rosis, 23-26 x 6-8 Mm, versiformibus, generatim type ofM. schiffneri Bres. in Hohnel and was under ad apicem et ad latera aut ad apicem tantum uno the latter name described in Beih. Nov. Hedw. 44: vel quatuor appendiculis digitaliformibus brevi- 216. 1973. The holotype of M. schiffneri (wu) has bus vel moderate longis ornatis, omnino hyalinis, been revised by me. It differs in its spore characters tenuitunicatis, corpore basali nee non appendi- and has been described by me under the name M. culis obtusis. Hyphis in tramate pilei hyalinis, ra- oblongisporus Sing. (I.e. p. 254, no. 109). Thus, diatim dispositis, tenuitunicatis, haud gelatinosis, M. oblongisporus Sing, is a synonym of M. schiff- fibulatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali neri. regulari. Epicute pilei structurae Ramealium de- bilis vel intermittentis, hyphis nonnulla excres- centia diverticuliformia sed minuta vel lata ob- Marasmiellus lecythidacearum Sing., spec. nov. tusaque et pilis stipitis breviora emittentibus, hyalinis vel subhyalinis in parte marginali pilei, Pileo dilute vel atro-brunneo, hygrophano, in centre pilei et in hypodermic pigmento ochra- praesertim in zona sulcata et in centre (humido ceo intraparietali sed vix incrustante coloratis. "cookie" M&P vel obscurius colorato, dehydra- Tegumento stipitis e pilis erectis, simplicibus, in- tione "polar bear" M&P vel subalbido), macro- tegris, hyalinis, numerosis, pariete 0.2 Mm crassa, scopice glabro sed sub lente tomentosulo, pellu-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 31 cide striato vel sulcato (et obscuriore in sulcis), mibus vel cystidiis hymenialibus similibus, 1 1-70 x aliis aliis utriformibus vel sexta parte radii, in centre levi nee striato, convexo, 3-7 Mm, cylindraceis, centre mox depresso vel subumbilicato, nee pro- ampullaceis, interdum appendiculo vel appendi- funde umbilicato nee papillate umbonatove, 7-19 culis paucis lateralibus vel apicalibus ornatis, ten- mm lato. Lamellis vegetis et siccis baud candidis uitunicatis, interdum sparsis efformato. sed pallide griseolo-brunneolis ("tansan," "sun- Ad lignum dicotyledoneum, plerumque Lecy- e. in tan," "almond" M&P), angustis vel sublatiusculis, thidacearum, gr. Eschweilera sp. silvis tro- subconfertis vel subdistantibus vel distantibus, picalibus typi terrae firmae. plerumque subdistantibus, baud intervenosis, ar- cuatis vel frequentius, ut minime in adultis, hor- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, izontalibus, adnatis vel adnexis, rarius subdecur- 10 X 1977, Singer B 10197 (INPA). Additional 21 rentibus. Stipite albo, mox e basi brunnescente et collections: same locality, IV 1977, Singer B ad basin ipsam plerumque atrobrunneo vel griseo- 9742 (INPA); same locality, 23 III 1978, Singer B cinnamomeo, in siccis ad apicem "lariat" (M&P), 10832 (INPA); same locality, 26 XII 1977, Singer ad basin "Caucasia" (M&P) vel nonnihil obscur- B 10401 (INPA). iore, macroscopice subglabro, sed sub lente man- ifeste sericeo-fibrilloso vel pubescente, stricto vel This species is, like M. illinorum, somewhat in- curvato, insititio, aequali vel ad basin leniter in- termediate between sect. Dealbati subsect. Quer- crassato vel apicem versus subattenuato, 8-18 x cini and sect. Rameales subsect. Ramealini, but 0.5-1 mm. Carne inodora. its affinity is with M. dendroegrus Sing. Sporis(5.5-)6.7-9.5 x (2.3-)3-3. 8 ^m, plerum- que 7.5-9 x 3.3-3.6 ^m, oblongis vel paucis el- lipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- Marasm ioll us leucophyllus Sing., spec. nov. menio: Basidiis 18-27 x (5.5-)5.7-7.5 nm, tetrasporis, interdum (l-2-3-)4-sporis et tune Pileo alutaceo grisello, sicco argillaceo, opaco sterigmatibus usque ad 9 nm longis; basidiolis fu- subtomentosoque in centro, levi, dein lenissime soideis. Cystidiis ad aciem lamellarum et ad latera sulcato ad marginem, convexo, in maturis centro aut aciei proxima aut usque ad spatia interlamel- depresso, obtuso, 2.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, sic- laria praesentibus, 20-70 x 4-11.5 /tin, plerum- cis etiam albis, ad aciem albis, decem lamellis per- que 25-35 x 6-8 pm, versiformibus, plerumque currentibus et octo lamellulis, mediocriter latis, simplicibus et integris sed semper nonnullis bi- baud intervenosis, late adnatis. Stipite subtus cas- vel tri- furcatis vel multiappendiculatis (appen- taneo sed apicem versus pallidiore vel pallido, ba- diculis diverticuliformibus, usque ad septem, e. sin versus sericeo-pruinato, ad apicem subglabro x gr. 3 1.5-2 /urn) praesentibus, interdum mu- vel glabro, cavo, curvato, centrali, aequali vel ba- cronatis (mucrone e. gr. 4-1 x 2-3.5 nm vel longe sin versus subattenuato, 4.5 x 0.2 mm insiti- filiformi) ceterum plerumque ventricosis, clavatis, tio. Carne albida, tenui, odore baud manifesto. cylindraceis, in integris ad apicem obtusis, sed ad Sporis 6.5-8.5 x 2-2.7 /im, lanceolatis vel lan- latera lamellarum frequenter acuminatis vel bas- ceolato-subcurvatis, fusoideis vel subcylindrico- idioliformibus (sed basidiolis majoribus), hyalinis, oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymen- tenuitunicatis. Hyphis baud gelatinosis, fibulatis, io: Basidiis 17-23 x 6.8-7.5 nm, tetrasporis. Cys- inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex tidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromor- hyphis saepe tenuiter pigmento incrustatis, partim pham 26-30 x 8.5-13 nm late ventricosis vel intertextis efformato sed interdum incrastatione ventricoso-clavatis, tenuitunicatis, ad apicem se- vix visibili et omnibus hyphis hyalinis vel sub- tulis sat numerosis divergentibus 2-7 (j,m proji- hyalinis. Epicute pile! cutiformi, structuram Ra- cientibus ornatis, ex toto hyalinis, paucis subves- mealium intermittentem tenuem vel vix evolutam iculosis vel magis irregularibus. Hyphis hyalinis, formente, hyphis diametri variabilis, interdum re- in stipite pallide brunneis vel fuscidulis et non- curvatis sed plerumque horizontalibus, paucis nullis crassitunicatis, parallelis, plerumque fila- brunneo-incrustatis vel crystalline incrustatis, par- mentosis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei manifeste fortit- iete incolori, interdum extenuatis vel sparse no- erque coralloidea typi structurae Ramealium sed dulosis, sed plerumque levibus, multis latiusculis. ex hyphis maxima e parte repentibus, nonnullis Hypodermio ex hyphis hyalinis vel subhyalinis, diverticulis furcatis, omnibus hyalinis efFormata, nonnullis pigmento brunneo-incrustatis effbrma- nonnullis dermatocystidiis Cheilocystidiis simil- to. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystiis pilifor- limis praesentibus. Hypodermio spadiceo vel

32 FIELDIANA: BOTANY atrobrunneo e pigmento manifeste incrustante. efformato, his 45-86 x 4-4.2 Mm, cylindraceo- Tegumento stipitis in eius parte inferiore ex ele- subfiliformibus, nonnullis ad vel prope basin us- mentis piliformibus et dermatocystidiis efformato; que ad 5 Mm dilatatis, pariete tenui vel firma (us- dementis piliformibus 35-140 x 3-5 Mm, api- que ad 0.5 Mm crassa) et apice rotundato instructis. cem versus attenuatis, effilatis, 0.5-2 Mm latis, flex- Ad folia dicotyledonea in silva tropicali typi ter- uosis, immo in spiram collectis, acutis vel obtusis, rae firmae solitario. tenuitunicatis; dermatocystidiis exiguis, 8-12(-25) x 2-3(-5) Mm, hyalinis, utriformibus vel cylin- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus draceis vel clavatis, obtusis, tenuiter vel firme sed ("EMBRAPA"), 21 IV 1977, Singer B 9772 (INPA). baud crasse tunicatis.

Ad ramulos delapsos arboris dicotyledoneae in This belongs in subsect. Quercini Sing. The green silva tropicali typi terrae firmae. discoloration of the pigment in KOH is the same as observed in Marasmiellus potassiovirens Sing., TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, Neoclitocybe portentosa Sing., in several species of 17 V 1977, Singer B 9645 (INPA). Collybia, and in all ofAnthracophyllum. Aside from the tribus Collybieae, this greening occurs also in Marasmiellus albifolius Sing, differs in the char- some species of Crinipellis. acteristics of the cheilocystidia and the habitat; M. incrustatus Sing, differs in the color of the lamellae (not white) and smaller spores. Both differ in the color of the pileus. Marasmiellus minutalis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo in centro ochraceo-cinnamomeo, ad mar- Marasmiellus lysochlorus Sing., spec. nov. ginem albo, macroscopice glabro, sub lente to- mentoso, sublevi, convexo, obtuso, haud umbil-

Pileo brunneo, subhygrophano, in siccis cin- icato, 1 .5-4 mm lato. Lamellis albis, sublatis, haud namomeo margine pallidiore, in vegetis ruditer vel vix intervenosis, 8-12 percurrentibus, adnexis sulcato, in siccis sublevi, glabro, convexo, papil- vel adnatis. Stipite concolori pilei centro basin lato, 4-5 mm lato. Lamellis ex integro sordide versus et pilei margini apicem versus, distanter albidis vel sordide pallidis, sat angustis, distanti- vel dense flocculoso, flocculis minutis basin versus bus, adnexis. Stipite brunneo, pallidiore basin ver- densioribus, sursum vel subtus attenuate, insititio, sus, macroscopice pruinato, sub lente albopiloso- 2-6 x 0.1-0.3 mm. Carne tenui, inodora. pubescente, cavo, insititio, aequali, 9 x 0.5 mm. Sporis (5.5-)6.3-7.3 x 2.5-3 Mm, oblongis, lev- Carne brunneolo-pallido, tenui, odore haud man- ibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21- ifesto. 22 x 6 Mm; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Sporis 7.2-8.4 x 2.8-3.5 Mm, oblongis vel sub- Cheilocystidiis ad aciem lamellarum heteromor- cylindraceis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis, non- pham 24-31 x 8.5-21.5 Mm, subvesiculosis vel nullis guttulis oleaginosis repletis, depressione su- clavatis, totis vel sursum tantum setulis brevibus prahilari instructis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24 x 6 Mm, obtusis et/aut appendiculis digitiformibus typi tetrasporis; basidiolis haud manifeste fusoideis. Rotalis modo ornatis, omnino hyalinis vel vix Cheilocystidiis ad aciem et prope aciem hetero- brunneolo-hyalinis, interdum pedicellatis, appen- morpham 21-27 x 5-7.5 nm, utriformibus, con- diculis usque ad 7.5 Mm longis, tenuitunicatis. Hy- strictionibus vel constrictione 2.5-5 Mm diam., phis omnibus inamyloideis, haud gelatinosis, in levibus et integris, simplicibus, obtusis, hyalinis, pileo tenuitunicatis, in stipite parallelis, fibulatis. tenuitunicatis. Cystidiis veris haud differentiatis. Epicute pilei ex hyphis structuram Ramealium Hyphis subhyalinis vel hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, manifestam formantibus sed hac interdum div- fibulatis, inamyloideis. Epicute pilei ab hypoder- erticulis sat latis, obtusis, rarius haud densis notata mic paullum differentiate, cutiformi sed inter- et dermatocystidiis plerumque numerosis Cheilo- texto, ex hyphis pigmento fuligineo granuloso-in- cystidiis simillimis interspersa, hyalina vel brun- crustatis, sed granulis in KOH dissolutis et nea. Hypodermic magis colorato pigmento intra- solutionem viridulam producentibus, ita ut pig- parietali sed vix vel minime et sparse incrustante, mentum Collybiae alkalivirentis in mentem re- ochraceo vel brunneolo, sed ad marginem pilei vocent, efformata. Tegumento stipitis e derma- subhyalino. Tegumento stipitis ex hypharum cel- tocystidiis piliformibus hyalinis erectis et prostratis lulis terminalibus, cystidiformibus aggregatis, 4.3-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 33 1 3 Mm latis, ventricosis vel cylindraceis, frequenter TYPUS Indonesia, Pulo-Penang, Wawra 1407 ita ut cheilocystidia appendiculis paucis vel pluries (w). numerosis ornatis atque tenuitunicatis, apice ro- tundato-obtusis, frequenter ad basin furcatis, ad This species is an Asiatic representative of sect. apicem stipitis saepe subhymeniformiter conden- Marasmiellus subsect. Inodermatini Sing. satis, inamyloideis, pigmento baud incrustatis ef- formato. Ad folia Dicotyledonum delapsa in silva tro- picali typi terrae firmae. Marasmiellus potamogeton Sing., spec. nov.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus Pileo brunneo ("cookie" vel "burnt umber" (EMBRAPA), 29 VI 1977, Singer B 10022 (INPA, as M&P), marginem versus pallidiore, margine ex- "A/, brasiliensis var. minutalis"). Additional col- tremo interdum albido, toto levi, radiatim innate lection: Ibid., 14 VI 1977, Singer B 9939/41. radialiter fibrilloso, convexo vel irregulariter con- vexo, primum subumbonato dein obtuso vel ap- Intermediate between M. brasiliensis (Berk. & planato in centre, margine demum saepe recur- Mont.) Sing, and M. subramealis var. Julius Sing., vato, 20-21 mm lato. Lamellis albis, confertis, this species is distinguished because of its habitat angustis, haud vel vix intervenosis, liberis. Stipite and the small size of the carpophores. fuscidulo ("terrapin" M&P), ex toto albo-pubes- cente sed ad basin atrocastaneo-pubescente, raro atrocastaneo, subfuliginoso, sed tune gradatim Marasmiellus pantholocystis Sing., spec. nov. pallidiore apicem versus, aequali, insititio, 50-61 x 1.7-2 mm. Carne tenui, subinodora. Pileo albo, subglabro vel tomentosulo, levi, opa- Sporis 5.5-7.5(-8) x 2-2.5(-3) Mm, oblongis, co, convexo, obtuso, in siccis 9 mm lato, cir- levibus, hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15x5 Mm, cumferentia elliptica. Lamellis albis, distantibus, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis ad latera octo lamellis percurrentibus, fortiter intervenosis. lamellarum sparsis, ad aciem numerosis inter ba- Stipite albo, basin versus attenuate, insititio, ex- sidia et basidiola, 27-58 x 6.5-1 1 Mm, plerumque centrico, 2 x 0.5 mm. Carne alba. fusoideis, interdum 1-2 appendiculis sterigmato- Sporis (6.7-)9-10.8 x (3.3-)4.5-5.2 Mm, ellip- morphis apicalibus ornatis, paucis longe hyphose soideis vel oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloid- effilatis, sed permultis integris et apice obtusis, hy- x eis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21-31 6.8-8.7 /xm, te- alinis, pariete subtenui (interne frequenter haud trasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis inter bene delimitata). Hyphis hyalinis, haud gelati- basidia subsparsis, 30 x 1 1.5 /on vel 18-31 x nosis, filamentosis sed nonnullis sublatis, pariete 1.7-11.5 Mm, admodum versiformibus, subfila- tenui vel firma instructis, fibulatis, eis stipitis par- mentosis vel vesiculosis, saepe fusoideis vel utri- allelis, pallide brunneolis, haud pigmento incrus- formibus, ventricosis, etc., pariete tenui vel firma, tatis, multis septis secundariis simplicibus obser- numquam crassa instructis, acutis vel frequentius vatis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute apice rotundato-obtusis, rarius 1-2 appendiculis pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis angustis pariete hyalina, sterigmatomorphis apicalibus ornatis, hyalinis. tenui, sed in nonnullis partibus brunneo-incrus- Hyphis haud gelatinosis, filamentosis, fibulatis, tata instructis, hyphas vix ascendentes acutas vel 3.5-5.5 Mm latis, pariete 0.3-1 Mm crassa instruc- obtusas haud incrustatas in fasciculis emittentibus tis. Epicute pilei hyalina, ex hyphis repentibus ef- efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis ple- formata, sed intermittenter debilem structuram rumque latioribus, pigmento verruciformiter sat- Ramealium formante ex excrescentiis superfici- urate brunneo incrustatis, usque ad 9 Mm latis ef- alibus versiformibus semiglobatis, filiformibus vel formato. Tegumento stipitis piloso, pilis 100-270 cylindraceis vel anguste claviformibus vel cysti- x 3-3.5 Mm, filamentosis, e hyphis verticalibus diformibus, 1.5-20.5 x 1.7-2.5 Mm, cystidifor- exterioribus stipitis cum aut sine septo natis, hy- mibus paucis, exiguis, circumferentia noduloso- alinis, obtusis vel acutis, tenuitunicatis, densis, salebrosa. Tegumento stipitis structure simili gau- saepe 1-3-septatis. Pigmento KOH ope haud vi- dente. rescente. Ad ramulum dicotyledoneum in silva tropicali Ad lignum emortuum dicotyledoneum gregatim ("Niederwald"). in silva inundabili aquae albae (typi varzeae).

34 FIELDIANA: BOTANY TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Parana do Janauaca M. picipes (Murr.) Sing, is related but M. ly- near Lago do Castanho, 23 V 1980, Singer B 12178 sochlorus Sing, (with clamp-bearing hyphae) should

(F). also be compared.

Marasmiellus potamogeton Sing, is macroscop- ically similar to Collybia phylladophiloides Sing., but differs in evidently insititious base and comes Marasmiellus rosascentifolius Sing., spec. nov. close to M. lecythidacearum Sing. Pileo brunneo vel sordide cinnamomeo-brun- neo, dense innate radialiter fibrilloso (ut minime sub lente et disco excepto), per medium radium Marasmiellus potassiovirens nov. Sing., spec. sulculato vel sulcato, convexo, demum applanato et centro nonnihil depresso, 18-23 mm lato. La- Pileo ochraceobrunneo, glabro vel subglabro, mellis pallidis sed in juvenilibus siccando laete striato vel sulcatulo medium (in siccis) per radium, salmoneo-roseis, confertis vel confertissimis, haud convexo, obtuso, centre demum 1 1- applanato, vel vix intervenosis, angustis, dein mediocriter la- 12 mm lato. Lamellis pallidis, subconfertis vel tis, liberis vel subliberis. Stipite atrocastaneo sed subdistantibus, baud intervenosis, medioriter latis apice pallido, apice in juvenilibus siccando rosas- vel sublatis, anguste adnexis vel subliberis. Stipite cente, ad apicem subtiliter pruinoso vel pubes- pal lido versus, castaneo basin versus, ex apicem cente, ceterum piloso-hispido, e centrali vel sub- toto pruinato e pruina pallida, aequali, insititio, centrali dein frequentissime excentrico, stricto, 13x1 mm. Carne alba, tenui, inodora. obliquo vel vertical!, sed numquam sublaterali, Sporis 6-7.5 x 3.5-4 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, rarius curvato, aequali, insititio, 11-14 x 0.8-3 hyalinis. Basidiis 21-24 x 6 basi- Hymenio: /on; mm. Carne tenui, inodora. diolis fibula basali destitutis. fusoideis, Cystidiolis Sporis 8-10 x 3.5-5 Mm, amygdaliformibus vel dimorphis (1) cheilocystidiis similibus, 21-32 (2) oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, guttula centrali exuguo x 5-6 Mm, fusoideo-subventricosis vel subam- globoso. Hymenio: Basidiis 23 x 6.7 Mm, te- pullaceis vel anguste utriformibus, tenuitunicatis, trasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis in acie ad aciem la- hyalinis. Cheilocystidiis numerosis, lamellarum heteromorpha numerosis, 25-40 x 5- mellarum 17-22 x 7.5-10.5 subheteromorpham, 8 Mm, cylindraceis vel anguste ampullaceis, raro raro vesiculosis vel late ventri- Mm longioribus, subcapitatis, rarius subventricosis, obtusis, ten- cosis, integris, ad apicem late rotundatis, hyalinis, uitunicatis, marginem pilei versus brevioribus tenuitunicatis. Cystidiis veris haud visis. Hyphis quam prope stipitem, hyalinis, omnibus integris defibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Tramate hymeno- et simplicibus. Hyphis tramatis pilei hyalinis, stip- phorali regulari. Epicute pilei ei Marasmielli ly- itis brunneolo-hyalinis et parallelis, non gelati- sochlori simili, ex intertextis intermittenter hyphis nosis, tenuitunicatis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei struc- ruditer coralloideo, hyphis partim asendentibus, turae Ramealium vix manifestae, tenuis, excrescentiis bulbosis et diverticulis latiusculis hinc intermittentis modo in strato supremo, partim in- illinc multis brunneo incrus- dilatatis, pigmento tertextis hyphis latioribus pauca diverticula man- tatis. satis latis 10.5 Hypodermic cutiformi, (e. gr. ifesta emittentibus consistente sed in parte infer- manifeste Mm latis), hyphis incrustatis; pigmento iore cutiformi, hyphis haud vel tenuissime incrustante in KOH colore sepiaceo-subfuligineo pigmento incrustatis sed pigmento intraparietali chlorine vel pallide viridi et solutione dissoluto, frequenter manifesto. Hypodermic cutiformi pig- alias hyphas invadente. stipitis e der- Tegumento mento simili colorato et ab hyphis tramatis pilei matocystidiis efformato, his simi- cheilocystidiis hoc pigmento tantum differente. Tegumento stip- libus sed variabilioribus, nonnullis cystidiola in itis ad eius apicem e pilis cystidiformibus nume- mentem revocantibus, 30-70 x 6.5-15 Mm, om- rosis, 50-64 x 4.8-8.5 Mm, cheilocystidiis simi- nibus rotundato-obtusis ad apicem. libus efformato. Pilis basis stipitis similibus sed Ad truncum vivum arboris, Duckeodendron aut plerumque cylindraceis, densioribus, brunneolo- Minquartia, circa 1 m supra terram, gregatim. hyalinis vel pallide brunneolis. Ad stipulas et ramulos ligneos dicotyledoneos TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus in silva tropicali primaria typi terrae firmae gre- ("EMBRAPA"), 21 IV 1977, Singer B 9782 (INPA). gatim.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 35 TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, bark" M&P), demum obscuriore ("Maracaibo" 3 IV 1978, Singer B 10905 (INPA). Additional col- M&P), macroscopice glabro sed sub lente fibril- lections: Manaus, 22 IV 1977, Singer B 9789 (INPA); loso-subpubescente, ad basin frequenter tomen- same locality, 1 II 1978, Singer B 10588 (INPA). toso, glabrescente, subaequali vel basin versus at- These collections seem identical because the la- tenuato, plerumque excentrico, stricto vel curvato, mellae redden ("tomato R," "arabesque" M&P) saepe obliquo, 1 2-2 1 x 1-2.5 mm. Mycelio basali on drying. vix vel moderatim evoluto ex hyphis minutis sub lente visibilibus, albis appressis efformato, ita ut The lamellae and the stipe, turning reddish when stipes subinsititius dicendus. Carne alba, inodora, drying, remind one of M. aurantiorufescens Sing., rarius debiliter formaldehydico odore praesente. but the eventually eccentric stipe and the larger Sporis8.5-10.5 x 5-6 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, spores are different. If Singer B 9789 and Singer hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-28 x 10.5-10.8 B 10588 are indeed identical with the holotypus Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidis ad of M. rosascentifolius, the eventual eccentricity of aciem heteromorpham lamellarum numerosis, 1 2 the stipe is not a constant characteristic. 17 x 7-10 Mm, ventricoso-subvesiculosis, setuli- geris (typi Rotalis), appendiculis numerosis, raro uno duobusve apicalibus tantum ornatis, tenui- Marasmiellus subhirtellus Sing., spec. nov. tunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis filamentosis vel inflatis vel latis, fibulatis, in pileo haud gelatinosis, hy- Sporis(6-)7.5 x 3-3.3Mmetcheilocystidiishaud alinis, in parte inferiore stipitis parallelis, brunneis noduloso-diverticulatis et pilis stipitis 16-70 x e pigmento haud incrustante, sed intraparietali. 6.5-9 Mm tenuitunicatis et subhyalinis (nee crasse Epicute pilei e structura Ramealium consistente, tunicatis et pallide brunneis) a M. hirtello (Berk. ex elementis versiformibus, diverticulatis, hyalin-

& Br.) Pegler recedit (cf. Pegler, Kew Bull. Add. is vel e pigmento haud incrustante sed intrapar- ser. 6: 130. 1977). ietali pallide brunneolis efformata. Tegumento Ad stipulas et ramulos et quisquilias fruticum stipitis ex hyphis liberis piliformibus eis Cono- et herbarum in silva humida tropicali. cybis subsectionis Mixtinorum similibus et ex pilis cystidiformibus exiguis 4-18 x 2.5-4 Mm, cylin- TYPUS Brazil, Para, Belem, 10 VI 1966, Singer draceis vel utriformibus, angustis, obtusis, hyalin- B 4255 (holotype, BAFC; isotype, LIL). is efformato. Hyphis liberis 17-40 Mm longis et 1 Mm latis. Collybia hirtella (Berk. & Br.) Dennis sensu Ad truncum emortuum arboris dicotyledoneae Dennis (Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc. 34: 444. 1951), in silva tropicali, gregatim. from Trinidad is M. subhirtellus. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus ("EMBRAPA"), 2 I 1978, Singer B 10470 b-c (INPA). Marasmiellus subinodermatoides Sing., spec. nov. Apparently additional collection: Brazil, Bahia, Urucuca, 8 VI 1978, Singer B 11155 (INPA). Pileo in vegetis humidis brunneo ("sayal Br" vel "tortoise shell" M&P), fortiter hygrophano, This species is similar to M. inodermatoides Sing, dehydrate et sicco albo vel albido sed centre fre- but shows aberrant colors and belongs in subsect. quenter carneobrunneolo ("rose amber" M&P), Gilvini Sing. Marasmiellus purpureus (Berk. & pellucide striato et sulcato per medium radium, Curt.) Murr. differs in somewhat narrower spores macroscopice glabro sed subtomentosulo sub lente and the colors of the fresh carpophores, as well as in siccis, demum vinaceopunctato in nonnullis, the more distant lamellae. haud viscido, convexo, umbilicato, demum con- cavo, 12-27 mm lato. Lamellis albis, angustis vel mediocriter latis, saepe nonnullis furcatis, in ve- Marasmiellus varzeae Sing., spec. nov. tustis frequenter sparse intervenosis cum lamel- lulae venis ad lamellas percurrentes transcurrant, Pileo albo, glabro, levi vel leniter pellucide stria- plerumque confertis, rarius mediocriter confertis, tulo ad marginem, convexo, dein applanato, neque ad stipitem attenuatis vel adnatis, demum saepe umbilicato nee papillate, 3-9 mm lato. Lamellis subcollariatis.Stipite albo vel pallido ad apicem, albis, distantibus, sat angustis vel mediocriter la-

basin versus vinaceo ("copper leaf vel "cedar tis, haud intervenosis sed in superficie interla-

36 FIELDIANA: BOTANY mellari rugulosis in adultis, usque ad 1 1 lamellis cations just above the water level during or after percurrentibus (nonnihil minus numerosis in car- inundation (cf. Singer, Amazoniana 8: 313. 1984). pophoris minoribus), una vel altera furcata vel It is related to M. parlatorei Sing, and M. epoch- omnibus simplicibus, anguste adnexis vel subli- nous (Berk. & Curt, in Berk. & Br.) Sing. beris. Stipite albo, dein pallide sordido ad basin et demum ex toto, glabro vel subglabro, levi, cur- vato, primum centrali sed mox excentrico, 3-5 x Marasmiellus volvatus Sing, ex Sing., spec. nov. 0.5 mm. Mycelio basali e fibrillulis subtilibus spar- sis e basi ipsa radiantibus efformato. Came alba, Pileo albo-pallido, hygrophano, siccando albo, immutabili, inodora. fortiter sulcato ad marginem aquoseque virgato in Sporis (6.5-)7-9 x 4.5-5.2 pm, ellipsoideis, humidis, sub lente sulcis subtiliter ponticulis ser- depressione suprahilari destitutis, levibus, hyalin- iceis velaribus obtectis, ceterum glabro et demum x is, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-26 6-8 ex toto glabrescente, margine initio subincurvato, Aim, tetrasporis; basidiolis paucis tantum fuso- demum leniter recurvato, convexo, obtuso, haud ideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis numerosis, umbilicato, 10-23 mm lato. Lamellis albis, dis- dimorphis, (1) 14-27 x 1.5-3.5 pm, filamentosis, tantibus, vel subdistantibus, mediocriter latis, interdum furcatis, vel cylindraceis vel anguste paucis furcatis, aegre intervenosis, anguste adnexis ventricosis, interdum constrictionibus instructis, vel liberis. Stipite albo, sicco, nudo, aequali sed strictis vel flexuosis, ad apicem appendiculo dac- ad basin bulbuloso, solido, insititio, 7-15 x 1-1.5 tylomorpho praeditis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis; (2) mm. Volva angusta, appressa, alba, parti superiori 15-40 x 3.5-8 nm, clavatis, ad apicem nonnullis bulbuli affixa. Came alba, immutabili, subino- appendiculis setuliformibus usque ad 3.5 nm pro- dora. jicientibus, raro uno apicali vel laterali tantum Sporis (in typo paucis) 10.5-13 x 3.5-4 ^m, instructis, sed plerumque typum "Siccus" (Mar- facile collabentibus, hyalinis, levibus, inamyloid- asmiorum) in mentem revocantibus, tenuituni- eis. Hymenio: Basidiis 32-37 x 9-10.5 /urn, cla- catis, hyalinis. Hyphis tramatis hymenophoralis vatis, pariete firma sed haud crassa instructis, te- regularis et pilei tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, inamy- trasporis; basidiolis haud fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis loideis, 2.5-4 /urn latis, interdum leniter inflatis sed sparsis elementis inconspicuis hyphosis, fila- (usque ad 10 ^m diam.), radialiter dispositis sed mentosis in hymenio visis. Cheilocystidiis nullis intertextis in pileo, vix gelatinosis et stratum ge- vel filamentosis, inconspicuis, paucis, sed hyphis latinosum haud efformantibus. Hyphis oleiferis 3- ad ipsam marginem pilei projicientibus, sat la- 8 /xm diam., opacis, saepe furcatis subhyalinis. Ep- tiusculis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis. Epicute icute pilei ex cellulis terminalibus et subtermina- pilei sublaxa sed haud gelatinosa, ex hyphis levi- libus repentibus vel ascendentibus vel suberectis bus, omnibus repentibus, hyalinis efformata et ab et frequenter cystidiformibus sed haud hymeni- hypodermio vix differentiata, sed trama pilei ver- formiter dispositis efformata; dermatocystidiis 1 7- sus magis filamentosis (superficiem versus usque 40 x 6-8 fj.m ambobus typis cheilocystidiorum ad 14 pm inflatis). Strato velari hyphali, hyphis simillimis sed saepe ramosis; structura Rameal- angustis vel satis latis, inamyloideis, levibus. ium hoc modo praesente sed tenui et intermit- Ad lignum emortuum arborum dicotyledonear- tente. Tegumento stipitis (in parte media) sparse, um in silva arenosa tropicali typi campinaranae ad apicem magis evoluto et e dermatocystidiis am- gregatim. bobus typis cheilocystidiorum similibus, basin stipitis versus e hyphis ascendentibus tenuituni- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- catis hyalinis, integris efformato, his hyphis my- Caracarai, km 125, 20 VII 1978, Singer B 1 1317 celii basalis similibus. (INPA). Ad truncum stantem vivum (Leguminosarum?) in silva tropicali inundabili aquae albae (varzea) This species is remarkable because of the dis- gregatim, usque ad 6 m supra terram fructificans. tinct vol va. It is related to M. helminthocystis Sing, and M. coilobasis (Berk.) Sing. It differs from M. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha da Marchan- coilobasis in scarcely or not intervenose lamellae, taria, 1 VII 1981, Singer B 12215 (INPA). smaller spores, and absence of well developed cys- tidia. If these characters were disregarded because This varzea species is characterized by a my- of (assumed) more juvenile states described for M. celium ascending on trees and forming fructifi- volvatus, it must be recognized that the type of M

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 37 coilobasis as well as all the other collections con- Ad ramulos arborum dicotyledonearum delap- sidered identical with it have no trace of a volva sos putrescentes in silva secundaria.

(cf. Beih. Nova Hedwigia 44: 30-33. 1973). A de- in was ear- scription German (no Latin) published TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, 27 V 1977, lier (Singer, 1988). Singer B 9727 (F).

This new neotropical species appears to belong Hohenbuehelia amazonica Sing., spec. nov. in the stirps Atrocaerulea (with H. atrocaerulea (Fr.) Sing., both the large-spored typical forms as Pileo griseo, marginem versus sparse, basin ver- well as the form described by Singer & Kuthan in sus dense albo-piloso, levi, haud viscido, forma their key, Ceska Mykologie 34: 68. 1 980; H. grisea sua inter H. petaloidem et H. atrocaeruleam in- (Peck) Sing.; H. portegna (Speg.) Sing.; H. phalli- termedio, 6 mm alto et lato. Lamellis albis, con- gera (Mont.) Sing.) and comes close to H. atro- fertis vel subconfertis, haud confertissimis, subtus caerulea because of the incrusting pigment in the versus abrupto attenuatis, angustis. Stip- stipitem hypodermium and the intermediate stratum of the ite ad latus sterile haud differentiate, ad latus fer- pileus trama, but differs in the absence of a to- tile albo, levi, concavo, brevissimo, cuneoliformi. mentose-spongy tegument on the pileus. Carne bubalina vel alba, immutabili, inodora. Sporis 7-7.5 x 3-3.3 pm (vel forsan majoribus quod paucae visae), ellipsoideo-subcylindraceis vel oblongo-subcylindraceis, levibus. Hymenio: Bas- Hohenbuehelia campinaranae Sing., spec. nov. idiis 23.5-32 x 6.3-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis metuloideis 40-82 x 13-15.5 /mi, fusoideis, in Pileo albo, ad basin et retrorsum plus minusve tertia inferiore plerumque crassioribus et apicem grisello-fusco, glabro, sed retrorsum (in tertiis dua- acutum versus gradatim attenuatis, ad apicem bus vel una a basi) leniter albo-hispido vel sub- sparse granuloso-crystallino-incrustatis, hyalinis tiliter sericeo-fibrilloso, haud vel lenissime brev- vel subhyalinis, pariete (1.3-)3-5.2 /tm crassa in- iter striatulo, convexo dein applanato, sicco structis, numerosis nee densis. Cystidiis haud me- concavo, subconchiformi, usque ad 17 mm lato. tuloideis 20 x 10.5 Mm, ad aciem et latera la- Lamellis cremeo-albis, confertis, angustis, angus- mellarum paucis et sparsis, clavato-ventricosis, tato-concurrentibus. Stipite vix evoluto, sed pileo apice rotundatis, haud incrustatis, pariete tenui vel breviter horizontaliter protracto et a latere fertili firma instructis. Cheilocystidiis 13-16.5 x 4.3-6 interdum visibili et tune brevissimo et albido. /im, ad aciem heteromorpham numerosissimis, Carne alba, immutabili. fuseoideis et acutis vel interdum mucronatis (mu- Sporis 7.5-8.5 x 3-3.5 Mm, cylindraceis, rarius crone interdum a corpore basali septo separate), oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymen- hyalinis, haud crasse tunicatis. Hyphis pilei tri- io: Basidiis (15-)17.5-27.5 x 6-8 Mm, tetrasporis. stratosi in tramate fibulatis, strato subhypoder- Cystidiis ad latera lamellarum omnibus metuloid- miali gelatinoso ex hyphis laxe dispositis, primum eis, nonnullis metuloideis etiam ad acies praesen- subverticaliter, dein oblique (45) ascendentibus tibus, 47-83 x 12-18 Mm, pariete 4-6 Mm crassa hyalinis, tenui-filamentosis efformato et 325 nm instructis, rarissime magis tenuitunicatis, fuso- alto; strato intermedio 35 nm alto, haud gela- ideis, acutis, ad apicem granulariter tenuiter in- tinoso, pigmentato pigmento intraparietali et in- crustatis, hyalinis vel basin carpophori versus di- crustante, sepiaceo-fuliginoso, hyphis haud ascen- lute fusco-bisis, moderatim numerosis, basi dentibus, tenuibus. Strato inferiore (= trama interdum tenuitunicata et bulboso-inflata. Cheil- proprium) 100-1 1 5 Mm alto, hyaline, haud vel vix ocystidiis 17-26 x 7. 5-1 3. 5 Mm, ventricosis, saepe gelatinoso, ex hyphis magis irregularibus et inter- mucronatis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis. Tra- textis efformato. Epicute pilei e fasciculis erectis mate pilei tri-stratoso, strato superiore subhypod- hypharum "pila" pilei formantibus, hyalinis, pil- ermiali gelatinoso 220-400 Mm alta, ex hyphis lax- x iformibus 14-68 3.8-5.2Mmefformata, hisnun- is, filamentosis, 1-2 Mm diam., sub angulo 30-40 quam crasse tunicatis, obtusis, ex hypodermic na- ascendentibus efformato; strato intermedio ab- tis. Hypodermic 1 5-30 Mm alto, cutiformi, haud sente in parte marginali, alto, ex hyphis hyalinis gelatinoso, ex hyphis pigmentatis 2.2-4.2 Mm diam. haud pigmentatis, haud gelatinosis, diametro var- efformato; pigmento ei strati intermedii tramatis iabili et refringentibus efformato. Epicute pilei identico. cutiformi, hyalina, ex hyphis filamentosis 0.7-2.5

38 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Mm diam. et diverticulatis (diverticulis versifor- inferius (tramate pilei proprio) 10-65 um alto, ex mibus et generatim distantibus vel irregularibus), hyphis parallelis vel subparallelis, haud gelatinos- basin carpophori versus hyphas pilosas paullum is, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis, pallide fuscidulis differentiatas emittentibus, his 30-90 x 2-3. 5 Mm, vel melleo-hyalinis (KOH) efformato; strato in- hyalinis, firme, baud crasse, tunicatis, ad apicem feriore 210-260 Mm alta, haud pigmentato, haud subacutis vel obtusis, filamentosis, numerosis. gelatinoso ex hyphis firme vel leniter crassiucule Hypodermic 15-20 fj.m alto, ex hyphis filamen- tunicatis, subparallelis, radialiter dispositis effor- tosis, levibus, baud gelatinosis, hyalinis vel (prae- mato. Epicute pilei ex hyphis agglutinatis 3-3.7 sertim in parte basi approximata) fuscidulo-bisis um latis, hyalinis, erectis efformata; inter eas der- sed vix incrustatis efformato. matocystidiis cheilocystidiis similibus, 18-20 x Ad Chrysobalanacearum truncos stantes, emor- 2-4.5 Mm, hyalinis, anguste ampullaceis, saepe tuas in silva arenosa typi campinaranae. capitatis praesentibus. Hypodermic cutiformi sed ex hyphis intertextis, haud gelatinosis, melleis vel griseolis (KOH) efformato, pigmento granulariter TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- incrustante. Endocystidiis nullis. Caracarai, km 125, 20 VII 1978, Singer B 11327 Ad culmos Chusqueae emortuos in silva tro- (INPA). picali vel subtropicali elevata, gregatim.

This species is close to H. paraguayensis (Speg.) TYPUS Salto de 25 Sing, but has longer spores, larger cheilocystidia, Colombia, Tequendama, VII B 3503d Additional col- different dermatocystidia, and no endocystidia. 1960, Singer (BAFC). lection: Argentina, Tucuman, Yerba Buena in sub- tropical basal forest, 4 XI 1950, Singer T 1006

(LIL). Hohenbuehelia culmicola Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo primum griseo, demum argillaceo ("clay" M&P) ochro-brunneo v. fusco ("centennial Br," Hohenbuehelia delasotae Sing., spec. nov. "olive wood" M&P), sordide griseolo-pallido-to- mentoso (tomento rudi, spongioso, molli retror- Pileo pallide griseolo-alutaceo vel cremeo, pal- sum, sed gradatim tenuiore marginem subglabrum lidiore ad marginem, glabro vel subglabro, con- versus), levi, ad marginem haud manifeste pellu- chiformi et spathulato, 18-37 mm longo, nonnihil cide striatulo, chonchiformi, in siccis 2-20 mm minus lato. Lamellis alutaceo-pallidis vel dilute lato. I.amellis confertis, non confertissimis, nee cremeis, confertissimis, angustis, ad stipitem de- subconfertis, angustis, marginem versus modera- currentibus. Stipite e latere sterili a pilei superficie tim latis, acie integris, haud intervenosis, cremeis haud discernibili sed ruditer tomentoso, ad latus siccando cremeo-flavis, decurrentibus usque ad lamellarum albido, levi, subglabro, usque ad 5 x zonam glabram, levem, basalem. Stipite vero nul- 2 mm. Came albida, siccando fragilissima, ino- lo. Came tenui. dora. Spur is (6-)7-9 x (3_)4-^.8 /um, ellipsoideis, raro Sporis 5-6.7 x 3-4.5 Mm, versiformibus, ple- oblongis frontaliter visis et leniter allantoideis la- rumque ellipsoideis, hyalinis vel intus in ammon- teraliter, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymen- iaco subflavidulis, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymen- io: Basidiis 15-25 x (5-)6-8 um. Metuloideis 35- io: Basidiis 22 x 5.8 Mm, tetrasporis. Metuloideis 80 x 9.5-24.5 fim, fusoideis, acutis, crystallino- 36-73 x 10-21 Mm, paucis (prope acies lamellar- incrustatis ad apicem, pariete 3.5-8 um crassa, um) 20 x 5 Mm, plerumque fusoideis, acutis, crys- lutea vel mellea instructis, in juvenilibus tantum talline incrustatis (interdum tenuiter), pariete cras- parietibus tenuioribus, numerosis. Cheilocystidiis sa (2.5-5 Mm), straminea, mellea, melleo-pallida, 16-20 x 2-4.5 Mm, raro majoribus (transitionibus numerosis vel moderatim numerosis. Cheilocys- metuloideis versus), numerosis, ventricosis, ple- tidiis lecythiformibus, tenuitunicatis, numerosis, rumque apice effilatis (0.5 um diam.) et capitatis e. gr. 25 x 4.5 Mm, sub capitulo 1 Mm diam., (capitulo inconstante, 2-4 um diam.). Hyphis fi- capitulo 3 Mm diam. Hyphis fibulatis, inamy- bulatis, inamyloideis. Strato subhypodermiali, ge- loideis. Strato subhypodermiali gelatinoso hyali- latinoso 230-240 fim alto, ex hyphis laxe et sub- no, 20-30 Mm alto tantum, ex hyphis hyalinis, parallele dispositis, 0.5-2 /xm diam., ascendentibus horizontalibus vel leniter ascendentibus efforma-

( 30) efformato; strato intermedio supra stratum to. Tramate pilei proprio 100-150 Mm alto, ex

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 39 hyphis filamentosis, radiatim dispositis, vix vel gelatinosis et leniter ascendentibus vel subhori- paullum pigmentatis, baud gelatinosis efformato. zontalibus, filamentosis efformato; strato inter- Epicute pilei ad marginem pilei vix evoluta. Hy- medio nullo; strato inferiore (tramate pilei pro- podermic cutiformi, baud gelatinoso, 15 /mi prio) subhyalino vel hyphis fuscidulis intermixtis, alto, nonnihil pigmentato sed pigmento baud in- haud gelatinoso vel vix gelatinascente, 200-500 crustante. /mi alto, in zona supralamellari ex hyphis hyalinis Ad lignum emortuum arborum dicotyledonear- magis parallelis, radialiter dispositis efformata. um in silvis subtropicali-montanis et tropicali- Epicute pilei ex hyphis intertextis recurvato-re- montanis. flexis vel erectis, fasciculatis, hyalinis, 150 x 2.5- 3 /mi, haud gelatinosis pilorum efformata; der- TYPUS Argentina, Tucuman, Quebrada de los matocystidiis nullis. Hypodermio tenui, pigmen- Sosas, 18 XII 1948, Singer & Digilio T16 (LIL, as tato (fuscidulo) sed haud incrustato, demum ob- H. angustata (Berk.) Sing., cf. Singer & Digilio, soleto vel gelatinascente. Lilloa 25: 110. 1953). Additional collection: Bo- Ad Espeletiam hartwegianam Sch. Bip. ex Wedd. livia, La Paz, Nor-Yungas, Charobamba, 30 1 1 956, (var. centroandinam, etiam Festuca, Calamagros- leg. Singer & E. R. de la Sola, Singer B 701 (F). tis adsunt) in zona alpina (Paramo) gregatim.

This species, formerly erroneously united with TYPUS Colombia, Tolima, Mun. Santa Isabel, H. angustata, has larger spores than the latter, but Valle Rio Totarito, margen izquierda de la Que- smaller spores than H. izonetae Sing. The latter brada Africa, alt. 3900 m, 6 II 1980, Boekhout 589 and H. abietina Sing. & Kuthan are related, but (MEDEL). Additional collection: Ibid., Boekhout differ in the depth of the gelatinized zone (shal- 5 93a (F), apparently an old stage of the same lower in H. delasotae), and somewhat less crowded species, but here the lamellae described as yellow- lamellae. The habitat (in tropical-montane forest ish (10 YR 3/4, Mu). on dicotyledonous wood) is also different from that of H. izonetae and H. abietina. The host and habitat in general are characteristic of this species. Otherwise it may be identical with H. barbatula (Berk. & Curt.) Dennis but hardly Hohenbuehelia espeletiae Sing., spec. nov. with the type or with Pegler's interpretation of the type (Kew Bull., Add ser. IX: 234. 1983) which Pileo olivaceofusco, demum pallide flavobrun- has much more elongated spores. Resupinatus sub- neo, pilis hyalinis hirsute, minus dense piloso barbatulus Murr. and Pleurotus barbatulus (Berk. marginem versus, margine initio involute, vis- 6 Curt.) Sacc. have distant or "rather distant" cido, conico-convexo, circumferentia renifor- white lamellae and differ in habitat. mi, demum retrorsum concavo, 1 5-40 mm lato. Lamellis griseolo-albidis (YR 8/3, Mu), demum forsan leniter flavescentibus, confertis, decurren- Hohenbuehelia hydrogeton Sing., spec. nov. tibus. Stipite nullo vel subnullo. Carne haud alba, odore saporeque subinamoenis. Pileo sordide brunneo margine cremeo-albido, Sporis(5.5-)6-8 x 3.5-4.3(-5)/mi, ellipsoideis, rarius concolori, levi, rarius ad marginem sulcato, nonnullis subreniformibus lateraliter visis, levi- macroscopice subglabro vel subtiliter velutino, sub bus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis lente vellereo, praesertim retrorsum, viscido, con- 22.5-27.5 x 4.8-6 /mi, tetrasporis. Metuloideis chato sed retrorsum stipitiformiter extenso, sed 50-86 x 1 0-2 1 /mi, numerosissimis ad aciem late- haud vere stipitato, 7-32 mm lato. Lamellis al- raque lamellarum, fusoideis, acutis, fortiter crys- bidis dein pallide cremeis, confertis, interdum tallis hyalinis in tertia superiore incrustatis et mu- subconfertis, angustis, decurrentibus. Stipite nullo cronatis, pariete subhyalina vel mellea, stratosa, vel subnullo. Carne inodora. crassa (1.5-7.5 Mm diam.) instructis. Cheilocysti- Sporis(5.5-)6-9 x 2.5-5 /mi, plerumque 6.5 x diis 1 7-29 x 4-8 /mi, fusiformibus vel ampulla- 3.5 /mi (in typo paucis), ellipsoideis, levibus, hy- ceis vel lecythiformibus, capitulo 1.5-2 /mi diam., alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16-23 x fibula basali et incrustatione resinacea tenui gau- 4-6.5 /mi, tetrasporis. Metuloideis (17-)30-85 x dente. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis. Strato sub- (6.5-)7.5-14.5 /mi, fusoideis, apice acutis, pariete hypodermiali gelatinoso 150-500, plerumque primum melleo-subhyalina et tenuiter crystalline 300 /mi alta, ex hyphis moderatim vel fortiter incrustata, dein crassa (1.5-5.5 /im), magis man-

40 FIELDIANA: BOTANY ifeste granuloso-muricata ad apicem, mellea in- crasse tunicatis in parte media et superiore (1-3.5 structis, apicem et basin versus tenuitunicatis. Mm diam.), 35-73 x 1 1-18 Mm, fusoideis aut su- Cheilocystidiis 10-23 x 3-7.5 Mm, plerumque fu- bampullaceis, his obtusis rarisque, illis subacutis soideis, uno vel duobus appendiculis tenuibus ap- vel subobtusatis et frequentibus, haud muricatis icalibus ornatis, tenuitunicatis, appendiculis 4-5 cry stallis notabilibus. Cheilocystidiis 2 1-2 7 x 4.5- Mm projicientibus, ad apices suos incrustatione re- 7.5 Mm, anguste ventricosis, tenuiter vel firme nee sinosa globosa frequenter capitatis. Hyphis fibu- crasse tunicatis, frequenter mucronatis et resina- latis, inamyloideis. Strato subhypodermiali, ge- ceo-incrustatis ad apicem, rarius apice rotundatis latinoso 30-60 nm alto (altiore in medio, minus et haud incrustatis. Hyphis plerumque tenuitun- alto ad marginem pilei), hyalino, ex hyphis fila- icatis, fibulatis, intertextis, frequenter dilatatis, sed mentosis, horizontalibus vel leniter ascendentibus in hymenopodio subparallelis et tenuioribus, in- efformato; strato intermedio nullo; strato inferiore amyloideis; strato superiore subhypodermiali ge- (trama pilei proprium) 40-80 Mm alto, numquam latinoso 20-40 Mm alto, hyalino, ex hyphis hori- minus alto quam stratum gelatinosum, hyalino, zontalibus, 1.8-3.5 Mm latis efformato. Strato rarius subhyalino; pigmento vix visibili, baud in- intermedio nullo. Strato inferiore (trama pro- crustante. Epicute pilei ex hyphis 25-100 x 3-5 prium) altiore quam stratum gelatinosum, hyalin- Mm, pila pilei formantibus efformata, hyphis er- um, ex hyphis latioribus (quam in strato gelati- ectis, plerumque ad apicem attenuatis, obtusis, noso) efformato. Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis tenuiter (0.3 /xm) hyalino-vel subhyalino-tunica- triformibus efformata: (1) dermatometuloideis, e. tis, confertissime aggregatis, ex hypodermio natis. gr. 23 x 15 Mm, crasse (1.5-2 Mm) tunicatis, spar- Hypodermio pertenui, subhyalino vel pallidissime sis; (2) dermatocystidiis haud metuloideis, cylin- fuscidulo sed pigmento haud incrustato. draceis vel clavatis, 15-35 x 4-6 Mm, tenuituni- Ad arbores dicotyledoneas in silva inundabili catis, hyalinis; (3) dermatocystidiis haud aquae albae (varzea), gregatim. metuloideis, ampullaceis, apice 3-4.3 Mm diam., saepe profunde insertis in hypodermio. Hypod- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha Marchantaria, ermio cutiformi, haud gelatinoso, ex hyphis 2

1 VII 1981, Singer B 12213 (F). Mm diam. in parte superficiali, 3-10 Mm diam. in parte inferiore efformato, 20-35 Mm alto. A further collection (Singer B 11467) is inter- Ad lignum dicotyledoneum in silva inundabili mediate between this and the following species aquae nigrae (igapo), gregatim. since it shows a deeper gelatinous zone and grows in igapo vegetation. This may be a variety of either TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- species or a closely related species. mazinho, 13 III 1983, Singer B 12424 (F).

This species can be distinguished from related Hohenbuehelia izonetae Sing., spec. nov. forms by a thin (20-40 Mm deep) gelatinous zone, trimorphic dermatocystidia, and the habitat. The Pileo brunneolo vel brunneolo-pallido, pallid- following descriptive data refer to the nemato- iore ad marginem, in maturis pellucide striato, phagous asexual state of Hohenbuehelia izonetae: macroscopice glabro, sub lente subtiliter pubes- Forma imperfecta a cl. G. Thorn e collectione typo cente vel pruinato, neque viscido neque hygro- isolata secundum Thorn (in litt.) ad Nematocton- phano sed vetustis siccando pallidioribus, con- um pachysporum (Nematoctonus pachysporus vexo, dein irregulariter applanato vel demum Drechsler, Wash. Acad. Sci. 33: 185. 1943) per- concavo, 16-41 mm lato. I .aim-Mis albidis, de- tinet. Gratiam habeo cl. Thorn qui descriptionem mum alutaceo-pallidis, confertis, rarius subcon- formae anamorphae Hohenbueheliae izonetae se- fertis, angustis, decurrentibus. Stipite albo vel al- quentem amabiliter communicavit: Hyphis assi- bido, ascendente, minuto, de latere sterili haud milativis 1.5-3.5 Mm diam., hyalinis, defibulatis; discernibili, sed bene diffentiato sub lamellis. Carne hyphis fertilibus (l-)1.5-2.5(-3) Mm, diam., hy- alba vel albida, immutabili, inodora. alinis, defibulatis. Nodis adhaesivis praedatorii Sporis 6-8.3(-9) x 3-5.5 urn, plerumque 7- nullis. Epigris(pegs) conidiogenis simplicibus, 8 /xm longis, ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, ina- truncato-conicis, 1-3 x 1.5-2 (ad apicem 0.6-1) myloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25-28 x 7-8 Mm, Mm. Aleuriosporis pallide flavidis, subtiliter vel rarius usque ad 33 Mm longis, tetrasporis. Metu- ruditer verrucosis, ovoideis vel subglobosis, loideis primum tenui- et hyalino-tunicatis, mox (8.5-)10-13 x (5.5-)6-8 Mm. Conidiis hyalinis,

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 41 fusiformibus,levibus(13-)14-17.5(-19) x (3-)3.2- colous and has a gelatinous zone 40-75 Mm deep 4.8(-5.2) Mm, germinatione tubum germinativum and broader cheilocystidia. Agaricus anomalus attenuatum, cellula clepsydromorpha apici super- Pers. (Obs. Myc. 1: 55, pi. 4, fig. 1-2. 1796) may imposita instructis, hac 3.5-4.5 x (1.2-)1.5-1.8 belong here, but Fries accepts the epithet spathu- Mm, demum circumdata guttula mucoidea, tubo latus as variety in 1821 and describes a different germinativo frequenter sympodialiter continuato, species (a Cortinarius) under Agaricus anomalus. unum vel duo nodes additionales formante. Cul- tura: Gregg Thorn T-74 (OAC). Nematoctonus pachysporus T-74 is considered Hohenbuehelia tenuissima (Schwein.) Sing., comb, a sectoring of the original culture and not different nov. from the type of the form species Nematoctonus pachysporus Drechsler from which it differs only BASIONYM Agaricus tenuissimus Schwein., Acta

in the absence of clamp connections. The species Soc. Nat. Scrut. Lips. 1 : 90. 1 822 non Jungh. (Pilat of Nematoctonus are all nematode capturing and erronee scripsit "tenerrimus"). digesting fungi, including our form pertaining to H. izonetae. This as well as other Nematoctoni are It differs from H. angustata (Berk.) Sing, in less apparently cumulative form species whereby one deep (10-50 Mm) gelatinous zone and always very anamorph binomial may correspond to several diluted pigments in the cuticle. It sometimes shows species offfohenbuehelia or where in aberrant eco- nonpetaloid habit and can then be recognized by logical conditions the teleomorph may not be pro- the small spores and the shallow gelatinous zone. duced.

Hohenbuehelia tropical is Sing., spec. nov. Hohenbuehelia microspora (Speg.) Sing., comb, nov. Pileo pallide alutaceo, macroscopice glabro, sub lente nonnihil pruinato, convexo, circumferentia BASIONYM Pleurotus portegnus var. micros- subcirculari sed retrorsum stipitiformiter extenu-

porus Speg., An. Mus. Nac. B. A. 8 (ser. 3, v. 1): ato, haud striato, 7-38 mm lato. Lamellis sub- 50. 1932. concoloribus, confertis vel confertissimis, angus- tissimis, decurrentibus. Stipite vero nullo sed e Differs from H. portegna (Speg.) Sing, in smaller latere fertili sub lamellis zona levi, parva visibili, spores (6.5-8.2 x 3.7-4.5 urn), from H. grisea e latere sterili haud differentiata. Carne vitrea, sub- (Peck) Sing, in less deep infrahypodermial gelati- concolori vel subhyalina, odore haud notabili. nous zone (200-250 /um deep); and from both in Sporis 8-9.5 x 3-5.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, subtus hosts and area of distribution. H. atrocaerulea, a acuminatis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- European species, differs in the hairs of the pileus menio: Basidiis 26 x 6-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Me- and the intermediate stratum of the pileus trama tuloideis moderatim numerosis, magnis, (36-)47- being pigmented intraparietally but never showing 105 x (1 2-) 1 6-33 Mm, quantum propinquius aciei any dark incrustation, also in slightly larger spores, lamellarum, tantum minoribus, fusoideis apice deeper hypodermium, and habitat. acutis vel subacutis, pariete sursum incrassata (ita ut apex plerumque solidus evadit), basin versus attenuata, mellea, ad apicem tenuiter crystalline Hohenbuehelia spathulata (Pers. ex Purton) Sing., incrustata instructis. Cheilocystidiis ventricosis, comb. nov. 14-18.5 x 4-11 Mm, ad apicem rotundato-obtusis, rarius quodammodo appendiculatis, sed appen- BASIONYM Agaricus spathulatus Pers., Syn. p. diculis numquam duobus vel compluribus, pariete 479. 1 80 1 ex (Purton, App. Midi. Fl. p. 430. 1821). tenui, hyalina instructis. Hyphis fibulatis, ina- myloideis. Strato supero subhypodermiali pilei ge- It differs from H. geogenia (D.C. ex Fr.) Sing, latinoso, 100-130 Mm alto, ex hyphis moderatim in less deep gelatinous zone (70-140 /um), some- tantum gelatinisatis, et nonnullis non gelatinisatis, what shorter spores (5.5-6.5 x 3-4.5 Mm), the omnibus horizontalibus et hyalinis efformato; macroscopically thinly white tomentose, not gla- strato intermedio pigmentato, haud gelatinoso, brous pileus. H. petaloides (Bull, ex Fr.) Schulz. 40-70 Mm alto, pigmento haud incrustante; has, as H. spathulata, endocystidia, but is ligni- strato inferiore e zona supralamellari tantum ef-

42 FIELDIANA: BOTANY formato, a strato intermedio gradatim neque ad aciem aurantio-ochraceis, subdistantibus, ven- abrupte delimitato, ex hyphis subparallelis hyalin- tricosis, anguste adnexis. Stipite albo, macro- is efformato et pro ratione baud alto. Epicute pilei scopice glabro vel subglabro, viscido, cavo, ae- x e pilis partim densis, hyalinis, 40 6 nm, ex quali, 60 x 1 mm. Carne alba vel fuscidula, hypodermic natis efformata. Hypodermic in zona inodora. superiore hyaline vel melleo-hyalino, in zona in- Sporis (ornamentatione inclusa) 14-16.5 x 12- feriore dilute melleo, ex hyphis baud gelatinosis, 14 Mm, subglobosis, echinatis, hyalinis, pariete pigmento baud incrustatis efformato, 20-30 Mm crassiuscula et spinis 2-3 Mm longis praeditis, in- alto. amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 40-52 x 17- 18 Mm, Ad lignum emortuum dicotyledoneum in silva (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis 50-90 x 30-37 Mm, ven- typi terrae firmae. tricosis, apice angustatis sed late rotundatis, hy- alinis. Cheilocystidiis 36-80 x 10-18 Mm, clava-

TYPUS Brazil, 30 km N of Manaus ("EM- tis, interdum centre constrictis vel apicem versus BRAPA"), 3 IV 1978, Singer B 10897 (INPA). constrictis, et tune subutriformibus, rarius ventri- cosis, plerumque brunneo-fulvo-incrustatis in- In this species, the edge of the lamellae is het- crustatione rudi. Hyphis fibulatis; tramate pilei eromorphous whereas in the closely related H. subtus fuscidulo-sepiaceo, in strato subhypoder- campinaranae Sing., the edge is subheteromor- miali gelatinoso 30-55 Mm alto, ex hyphis anguste phous; also in the latter the spores are less elon- filamentosis efformato, hyaline, inamyloideo. Ep- gated and the habitat is different. Hohenbuehelia icute pilei tenui, subhymeniformi, ex elementis hydrogeton Sing, has smaller spores and less than erectis vel prostratis clavatis, cheilocystidiis sim- 90 Mm deep gelatinous zone. ilibus sed omnibus hyalinis e tramate vel hypod- ermic tenuissimo, cutiformi, subhyalino, inter- mittente natis, 18-45 x 5-12 Mm efformata. Stigmatolemma hyalinum Sing., spec. nov. Tegumento stipitis ex hyphis subparallelis vel parallelis corticis natis, supra corticem stratum ge- Pileo cupuliformi, vitreo-hyalino, levi, glabro, latinosum plerumque verticalium hypharum for- convexo, sessili, subcentraliter affixo, 0.5-1 mm mantibus et cellulis terminalibus interdum cysti- lato. I a im-l I is nullis, superficie hymeniali levi, alba, diformibus, his dermatocystidiis eis pilei similibus concava. Stipite nullo. Carne tenui, vitreo-hyali- sed magis versiformibus et sparsis aut fasciculatim na. conglobatis, hyalinis. Sporis 6-6.5 x 3.3-4 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus Ad terram in silva primaria litorali tropicali. hyalinis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-24.5 x 6-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis baud fusoideis. Cystidiis TYPUS Colombia, Valle, Buenaventura, San nullis. Hyphis tramatis laxe dispositis, gelatinosis, Joaquin, 22 IV 1968, Singer B 6287 (F). tenuifilamentosis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, fibula- tis, 1-2 Mm diam., effilato-liberis ad marginem cu- This species can easily be separated from other pulae. Subhymenio minus vel baud gelatinoso, ex echinosporous species of subg. Oudemansiella be- elementis nonnihil elongatis, 3 Mm latis, hy- cause of the gelatinized zones of both pileus and alinis, subintertextis efformato. Epicute paullum stipe. evoluta. Ad corticem arborum dicotyledonearum gre- gatim sed baud poriformiter aggregate crescens. Oudemansiella linicolor Grinling ex Sing., spec, nov. TYPUS- Brazil, 30 km N of Manaus, 30 I 1978, Singer B 10565 (INPA). Pileo caeruleo (489/479 Seguy), pallescente us- que ad Seguy 480, glabro, baud vel vix glutinoso, pellucide striato, pellicula baud vel vix separabili, Oudemansiella glutinosa Sing., spec. nov. convexo dein applanato vel depresso, usque ad 90 mm lato. Lamellis albis, distantibus (16-18 la- Pileo umbrino, per medium radium sulcato, gla- mellis percurrentibus), usque ad 1 1 mm latis, acie bro, sub pluviis glutinoso, convexo, centre de- undulata sed baud serrulata praeditis, adnatis, fre- presso, papilla exigua in depressione evoluta quenter dente decurrente. Stipite albo, basin ver- centrali ornato, 1 6 mm lato. Lamellis albis, sed sus leniter brunnescente, fibrilluloso-sericeo, so-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 43 lido, frequenter excentrico, 35-42 x 4-5 mm, et 51 x 8-16 pm, clavatis, rarius fusoideo-ventri- aequali, sed frequenter basin interdum subincras- cosis, pigmento vacuolari pallide fulvo vel fusco satam versus attenuate (et tune basi 3 mm lata), repletis, apice rotundato-obtusis, pariete et con- plerumque curvato. Carne alba, in stipite fibroso- tentu hyalinis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, fibulatis, tenaci sed in pileo succosa, sapore baud notabili; inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. odore subphenolico. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis 4448 x Sporis 19-22 x 17-20 um, subglobosis, pariete 12-16 Mm pigmento vacuolari fusco repletis et der- crassiuscula instructis, levibus, sed intus granu- matocystidiis 70-75 x 25-35 um, conspicuis, late losis, hyalinis, inamyloideis, in massa supra la- fusoideis et apice anguste sed subobtuse vel obtuse mellas albis. Hymenio: Basidiis 36-60 x 13-15 mucronatis, in parte inferiore vel ex integro pig- Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis e. gr. 95 x 15 pm, cy- mento vacuolari fusco effbrmata. Hypodermio cu- lindraceo-subutriformibus, hyalinis, crassiuscule tiformi, hyphis in parte superiore hypodermii pig- tunicatis. Cheilocystidiis usque ad 195 x 25 jim, mento vacuolari fuscidulo repletis, in parte subfusiformi-subampullaceis, hyalinis, tenuituni- inferiore hyalinis vel subhyalinis. Tegumento stip- catis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis. Epicute sub- itis e dermatocystidiis e. gr. 60 x 10 jim, tenui- hymeniformi, ex elementis obpiriformibus, ob- tunicatis, hyalinis vel fusco-pigmentatis, ventri- tusis vel clavatis pigmento vacuolari repletis et cosis, rarius fusoideis et obtusis. dermatocystidiis usque ad 150 /um longis cystidiis Ad terram, possibiliter in ligno immerso radi- vel cheilocystidiis hymenialibus similibus effbr- cans, in silva typi terrae firmae flumini proxima. mata.

Ad ligna in silva tropicali. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ponta Negra, 1 8 XII 1977, Singer B 10350 (INPA). TYPUS Republique du Congo, (Brazzaville),

Foret de Mandiele, Plateau de Bateke, leg. Corl. Oudemansiella nigra Dorfelt is similar in colors

Bouquet 1968, Grinling 71201 (F). but smaller, with close lamellae and longer cysti- dia. The color of flax (Linum usitatissimum Linn.) flowers differentiates this species from all others of subg. Oudemansiella where it appears to be close Mycenella polylepidis Sing., spec. nov. to O. canarii (Jungh.) Hohnel. Pileo griseo, glabro, sulcato, convexo, subum- bonato vel umbone umbilicato praedito, 9 mm Oudemansiella subnigra Sing., spec. nov. lato. Lamellis albis, subdistantibus, haud ventri- cosis, primum subascendentibus, dein magis hor- Pileo nigro vel subnigro, velutino, sicco, levi, izontalibus, haud ventricosis, adnatis. Stipite ap- campanulato-convexo, obtuso, 27-28 mm lato. icem versus pallido, basin versus griseo, pruinoso, I .arm-Ills albidis acie subnigris, siccis flavidis et apice excepto glabrescente, aequali, 40 x 1 mm. sub lente fulvo-maculatis, confertis, sat latis, ad- Carne tenui, inodora. nexis. Stipite griseo (7 A 9 vel "log cabin" M&P), Sporis 6. 5-7(-8) x 5-6.2(-6.5)Mm, maturis(cum subtiliter albo-piloso, manifeste piloso sub lente, tola pariete) 3-6-excrescentiis breviter dactylo- e basi apicem versus leniter attenuate et subtus in morphis vel veruciformibus ornatis, his 1-2 /im pseudorhizam acutam producto, 50-55 x 6.5 mm, projicientibus et obtusis, totis inamyloideis, ten- ad apicem 3 mm diam. Pseudorhiza alba, brevi. uitunicatis. Hymenio: Basidiis 19-21 x 6 pm, bis- Carne alba, inodora. poris. Cystidiis numerosissimis, 31-68 x 8-14 um, Sporis 10.5-12 x 6.8-8.5 um, ellipsoideis, lev- metuloideis, crassitunicatis, praesertim in parte ibus, inamyloideis, hyalinis in ammoniaco. Hy- ventricosa, pariete 1-3 Mm crassa, haud incrustata, menio: Basidiis 31-50 x 12.5-17 um, tetrasporis. inamyloideis, ammoniaci ope hyalinis, fusoideo- Cystidiis 6 5- 120 x 16-33 ^m, ventricosis vel am- ampullaceis, ad apicem longe attenuatis et 1-2.7 pullaceis vel ventricoso-subcapitatis (et tune cys- Mm crassis, apice subacutis vel subobtusis. Hyphis tidia Gloiocephalarum in mentem revocantibus), filamentosis, nonnullis inflatis, sed haud Mycenae totis hyalinis et tenuiter vel firme tunicatis, sed modo, haud gelatinosis, fibulatis, sed nonnullis incrustatione resinacea, hyalina et insuper fulva, septis simplicibus notatis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, hac facile dissolubili, obtectis. Cheilocystidiis 40- in stipite parallelis, inamyloideis. Tramate hy-

44 FIELDIANA: BOTANY menophorali regular! et hyphis intertextis effbr- Marasmius bathomphalus Sing., spec. nov. mato. Epicute pilei cutiformi, hyphis diverticu- latis hyalinis; dermatocystidiis inconspicuis, e. gr. Pileo dilute sordideque cinnamomeo vel rubi- 12 x 7.5 Mm, etiam diverticulatis, diverticulis sat do-brunneo, sicco subferrugineo-cinnamomeo vel densis, usque ad 6 nm projicientibus; dermato- cinnamomeo, macula nigra minuta zona alba vel cystidiis metuloideis nullis. Tegumento stipitis e pallida circumdata in umbilico ornato, glabro, sul- dermatocystidiis cystidiis hymenialibus simillimis cato, semigloboso-convexo, umbilico centrali pro- hyalinis, sed pariete usque ad 1 nm crassa gau- fundo et angusto praedito, 2 mm lato. Lamellis dentibus, haud incrustatis, 35-60 x 4-12 (j,m ef- albis acie alba et collario albo, siccando plus min- formato. usve sordidescentibus, distantibus (8-9 lamellis Ad humum lignosum in silva Polylepidum (P. percurrentibus), latis. Stipite subnigro, glabro, in- australis Bitter) inter muscos. sititio, 10-14 x 0.1 mm. Sporis 8-12 x 3. 5-4.5 m, plerumque 8.5-10.5 TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 16 x 3.7-4 Mm, fusoideis, ad apicem obtusis, hyalin-

II 1966, Singer T 5203 (BAFC). is, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15 x 5.5 ^m, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis cellulis epicutis simillimis. Hyphis Marasmius* intertextis in pileo, nonnullis inamyloideis, aliis leniter pseudoamyloideis, in apice stipitis par- allelis et manifeste fi- Sect. Marasmius magis pseudoamyloideis, bulatis. Epicute pilei subhymeniformi, ex elemen- Marasmius albidomurinus Sing., spec. nov. tis ex integro setulis 0.5-2.7 x 0.5-1 .3 nm obtectis typiRotalis, 25-35(-55) x 10-29(-42) Mm, hyphis Pileo albido-murino, in vegetis junioribus sub- elongatis nonnullis etiam setuligeris intermixtis, albido, in vegetis et siccis centre atrobrunneo vel pariete 0.2-1 Mm crassa, subhyalina, inamyloidea, fuligineo maculate, ceterum siccando argillaceo- setulis ochraceobrunneis (KOH). subereo, sulcato, convexo, centre depresso vel um- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva typi ter- bilicato, haud papillate, 1.5-2 mm late. Lamellis rae firmae. albis acie et collario albo, sat latis, 9-12 lamellis percurrentibus, lamellulis nullis. Stipite subnigro TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, apice primum albo vel pallido, glabro, insititio, 6 ("EMBRAPA"), 9 II 1978, Singer B 10646 (INPA). x 0.2 mm. Sporis (4.5-)5.5-6.2 x 2.3-2.5 urn, plerumque x 6 2.5 nm, oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamy- Marasmius brachysporus Sing., spec. nov. loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 13x4 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis elementis epicutis Pileo primum albo, zona grisea circum macu- simillimis. Hyphis fibulatis, in pileo inamyloideis lam centralem atrogriseum vel fuligineam mani- vel vix pseudoamyloideis. Epicute pilei hymeni- festa, dein albido-pallido circum umbonem gri- x formi, elementis 15-31 6-16 nm, setulis 0.5- seum semiglobatum, siccando frequenter argillaceo x 2.5 0.5-1 Mm, divergentibus typi Rotalis obsitis, ex toto, sulcato, primum conico-papillato, dein ex toto hyalinis. convexo et circa umbonem plus minusve applan- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva typi ter- ato, 0.5-1.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie collar- rae firmae tropicali, pluviali. ioque albis, lamellis percurrentibus 11(-14), la- mellulis nullis, latis. Stipite subnigro, glabro, apice TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus primum albo, insititio, 9-1 1 x 0. 1 mm. ("EMBRAPA"), 20 II 1978, Singer B 10670 (INPA). Sporis 5-5. 7 x 2.7-3.2 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, In "igapo" occurs a similar form with ellipsoid inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18.5 x 4.5-5.7 spores; Igarape do Tarumazinho, 1 4 V 1 980, Sing- Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis er B 12166 (INPA). elementis epicutis simillimis. Hyphis pilei tra- matis filamentosis, fibulatis, inamyloideis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis vesiculosis (lon- * latis aut latioribus ex The species of each section are enumerated sepa- gioribus quam quam longis), rately. integro hyalinis, in parte superiore setulis 1 Mm

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 45 circiter projicientibus, divergentibus obsitis (typi Berlin (Singer B 12489, F). Marasmius notho- Rotalis) efformata. myrciae Sing, is the only extratropical species of Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali this stirps. typi terrae firmae, gregatim.

Marasmius hendecaphyllus Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus ("EMBRAPA"), 2 I 1978, Singer B 10465 (INPA). Pileus albo, in siccis et vetustis albido margi- Additional collection: same locality, 13 VII 1977, neque dilute argillaceo-virgato inter strias pallidas, Singer B 10088 (INPA). This specimen is identical glabro, sulcato, convexo vel cadiformi, umbilicato to the type except for the gray papilla which is vel subumbilicato, haud maculato nee umbonato inserted in the umbilicus of the pileus; the latter nee papillato, sed obtuso, 4-6 mm lato. Lamellis reaches 2 mm in diameter. albis acie alba, collario albo, lamellis omnibus per- currentibus, 11, rarius 12, subangustis. Stipite Marasmius gomezii Sing., spec. nov. atrocastaneo vel subnigro vel nigro sed ad apicem albo vel albido, levi, glabro, setoso, aequali, in- Pileo aurantio-rufescente vel brunneolo-auran- sititio, nitido, 9-1 1 x 0.2-0.5 mm. Rhizomorphis tiaco, centro albo excepta papilla alba sed demum nigris haud visis. Carne inodora. in siccis sordida, glabro vel interdum subpruinoso, Sporis 6.5-8.5 x 2-3.5 nm, oblongis vel fuso- sulcato sed centro levi, convexo, centro applanato, ideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: siccando umbilicato, papilla exigua, humili in sic- Basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- cis in umbilico praesente, diametro pilei 1-1.5 mm. diis23 x 1 7 jim, subvesiculosis, typi Rotalis modo

I amellis albidis, acie albida, collario albido, la- setulosis e setulis brevibus (1 .5 nm) divergentibus, mellis percurrentibus 7-12, lamellula 0-1, furcatis hyalinis. Hyphis pilei lente, stipitis magis mani- 0-1, latis. Stipite nigro apice albo, demum con- feste pseudoamylodeis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. colori, glabro, nitido, insititio, setoso, 7-10 x 0.1 Epicute pilei ex elementis hymeniformiter dis- mm. Rhizomorphis nigris nullis praesentibus. positis, cheilocystidiis simillimis sed non- Carne tenuissima, inodora. numquam elatioribus efformata. Sporis 7.5-9 x 4-5.2 /urn, plerumque 8-8.5 x Ad folia coriacea Dicotyledonum in silvis tro- 44.5 /am, ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamy- picalibus haud inundabilibus. = loideis (Q 1.9-2). Hymenio: Basidiis 12-15.5 x 4.5-6.5 /im, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilo- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus cystidiis ex integro hyalinis, ceterum elementis ep- ("EMBRAPA"), 21 IV 1977, Singer B 9783 (INPA). icutis pilei simillimis. Hyphis pilei et tramatis hy- Additional collection: Colombia, El Valle, Dagua, menophoralis regularis pseudoamyloideis, stipitis Finca La Araucana, 14 IV 1968, Singer B 6119 fortiter pseudoamyloideis, parallelis. Epicute pilei (F). ex elementis hymeniformiter dispositis, hyalinis sed setulis divergentibus (typi Rotalis) melleis ob- This species is characterized by the nonpapillate sitis ex toto vel in parte media superiore, 15-35 pileus which is white, not dotted, by 1 1 percurrent x 9-25 nm, setulis l-2(-2.5) nm projicientibus. lamellae and the spore measurements. Marasmius Ad folia dicotyledonea (haud quercina), in silva apatelius Sing, and M. vergeliensis Sing, are relat- tropicali-montana, gregatim. ed.

TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, Alto Berlin, 26 Marasmius hexaphyllus Sing., spec. nov. VII 1981, leg. Singer & Gomez, Singer B 12490

(F). Pileus albo, sicco albido centro pallide fulvi- dulo, macula atra centrali nulla, glabro, sulcato, This species is similar to M. variabiliceps Sing., convexo, centro applanato, in siccis subumbonato, especially its var. tucumanensis Sing., but the un- 1.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie et collario al- icolorous lamellae and the hyaline cheilocystidia bis, lamellis percurrentibus 6, lamellulis nullis. as well as the lower number of lamellae (7-12 Stipite subnigrobrunneo, nitido, glabro, setoso, in- rather than 13-18) distinguish it. M. variabiliceps sititio, 10 x 0.1 mm. var. tucumanensis has also been collected at Alto Sporis 5-7.5 x 2-3 pm, oblongis vel fusoideis,

46 FIELDIANA: BOTANY levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. 1 1 > memo: Basidiis Cheilocystidiis numerosis cellulis percurrentibus 12.5-13.5 x 5.5-6.5/Lirn;basidiolisfusoideis. Cys- tramatis hymenophoralis ut minime apicaliter tidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ex integro hyalinis, pigmentatis et frequenter cystidiformibus consis- elementis epicutis pilei simillimis. Hyphis ina- tentibus, his elementis hymeniformiter dispositis myloideis vel subinamyloideis in pileo, irregular- epicutis pilei simillimis sed nonnullis ex eis setulis iter intertextis. Epicute pilei ex elementis subhy- carentibus et saepe setis brevibus intermixtis prae- meniformiter dispositis, triformibus: (1) illis cipue in collario. Hyphis tramatis pilei et hymen- Marasmii pseudocupressiformis analogis, 17-29 x ophori nlamentosis, fibulatis; tramate pilei tenui; 5-8.5 Mm, subulato-obtusatis vel ventricosis et ob- tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute pilei ex tusis, integris vel basin versus aut ad apicem ra- elementis terminalibus hypodermii hymenifor- moso-bifurcatis, sed setulis baud obtectis, ina- miter vel subhymeniformiter dispositis efformata myloideis vel partim pseudoamyloideis vel et setis conspicuis interspersis. Illis elementis 1 9- amyloideis, pariete 0.3-0.8 pm instructis; (2) typi 21 x 7-7. 5 Mm, paucis longioribus vel brevioribus, Sicci, cellulari-subisodiametricis, excrescentiis sed nonnullis angustioribus et his interdum setulis dactylomorphis erectis vel obliquis apicalibus, 5- destitutis, crassitunicatis, plerumque setulis typi 11 x 1.5-2 nm ornatis, pariete 0.8-1 nm crassa Sicci apicaliter obtectis, Cheilocystidiis similibus, instructis; (3) typi Marasmielli-Ramealium ver- ut minime in parte alta manifeste pigmentatis. Se- siformibus, appendicibus dactylomorphis non sol- tis (50-)65-315(-500) x 4-8(-9.5) nm, rigidis, um apicalibus et pariete semper tenui, inamylo- crasse tunicatis (1.5-5 /urn), sepiaceis, obtusis. Pig- idea praeditis, interdum subhyphalibus et prostratis mento intraparietali (frequenter in strato externo appendicibus supernis-externis tantum ornatis. parietis tantum praesente). Hypodermio eximie Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali alto, trichodermiali, ex elementis hyphalibus brev- typi terrae firmae. iter ramosis, crassitunicatis, hyalinis, fortiter pseu- doamyloideis efformato. Tegumento stipitis sub- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus nullo. ("EMBRAPA"), 10 I 1978, Singer B 105 13a (INPA). Ad folia dicotyledonea in silva tropicali typi ter- rae firmae gregatim. The polymorphous elements of the epicutis characterize this species which comes close to M. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, chrysochaetes Berk. & Curt., M. pseudocupressi- 12 VII 1978, leg. Maria Sousa & Izonete Araujo formis Sing., and similar species of subsect. Pen- Aguiar, Singer B 11272 (INPA). icillati Sing. Marasmius hexaphyllus differs from these in the small number of lamellae. This species belongs in subsect. Horriduli Sing. It is the type and only species of this group.

Marasmius horridulus Sing., Agar. mod. tax. 4th ed., p. 367. 1986. Marasmius inuiuiahilis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo fuligineo-brunneo, setis longissimis (usque Pileo griseo, interdum linea minuta e fissione

ad medium radium pilei!) et brevioribus praeser- alba circum papillam praesente, sed generatim un- tim marginem pilei versus obsito, et margine ob icolori, papilla brunnea excepta, glabro, sulcato, eas ciliato, in maturis setorum causa indistincte convexo, profunde umbilicato et in umbilico pa- concentrice zonato, setis pilei superficiei conco- pilla centrali munito, 4-6 mm lato. Lamellis albis loribus, convexo, demum circum papillam cen- acie albis collario albido sed siccando nigrescente, tralem applanato, 2-4 mm lato. Lamellis albis vel latis, subdistantibus, lamellis percurrentibus 15- albidis sed ad aciem late concoloribus pileo, an- 1 7, omnibus aequalibus. Stipite nigro, glabro, ni- gustis, aequalibus, triginta, simplicibus, per- tido, e nodis rhizomorpharum nato et insititio, 1 3- paucis inverse furcatis, collariatis. Stipite nigro, 20 x 0.1-0.2 mm. Rhizomorphis hinc inde nodis glabro, setoso, aequali, insititio, 7-37 x 0.1-0.25 instructis, nigris, glabris, usque ad 100 mm longis, mm. Carne alba, tenui, tenaci, inodora. plerumque erectis, basi instititiis. Carne pilei alba, Sporis 7-8.8 x 3-4 jim, oblongis, levibus, hy- stipitis nigra, immutabili, inodora. alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiolis fuso- Sporis 14.5-18.5 x 34.3 nm, clavato-subfu- ideis. Cystidiis nullis sed nonnullis cellulis tra- soideis, tenuitunicatis, levibus, hyalinis, inamy- matis vel subhymenii in hymenium extensis. loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21-22 x 6.5-7 /xm, te-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 47 trasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. ventricosis vel subvesiculosis, duobus vel plerum-

Cheilocystidiis 1 5-30 x 5-20 fim, tenuitunicatis, que multis appendiculis digitiformibus apicalibus, hyalinis, interdum furcatis, paucis integris, sed raro uno alterove laterali sed erecto typi Sicci or- plerumque typi Sicci modo apicaliter appendicu- natis, violaceis, iodi ope brunneo-rubris vel brun- latis et elementis epicutis pilei forma simillimis, neo-purpureis, pariete tenui vel moderatim crassa at Cheilocystidiis collarii ab eis acieis differentibus instructis; (2) 20-30 x 5-9 Mm, simplicibus et in- et forma sua ilia Marasmii pseudocupressiformis tegris, ventricosis, anguste ventricosis, clavatis, in mentem revocantibus, plerumque simplicibus, ampullaceis, raro furcatis, crassitunicatis (pariete ventricosis vel clavatis vel ampullaceis, pigmen- 1-1.5 fim crassa), pigmentatis ut alter typus. tatis ut elementa pilei, nonnullis autem bi- vel tri- Ad folia dicotyledonea in silva tropicali typi ter- furcatis, 16-25 x 7-10 ^m, pariete 1-1.3/micras- rae firmae gregatim. sa, baud vel admodum debiliter pseudoamyloidea instructis. Hyphis tenuitunicatis, filamentosis, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, baud gelatinosis, saepe furcatis, intertextis in pi- 29 VI 1977, Singer B 10032 (INPA). leo, parallelis in stipite, pseudoamyloideis, fibu- latis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis Because of the dimorphic elements of the epi- Cheilocystidiis similibus sed pseudoamyloideis et cutis this species is comparable to M. inundabilis eis collarii similioribus, frequentissime bi- vel tri- Sing., but seems to be more related to M. peckii furcatis, rarius Cheilocystidiis acieis lamellarum Murr. similibus sed setulis latiusculis, obtusis, pariete 1- 1.3 ^m crassa, pigmento intraparietali porphyreo- brunneo vel sepiaceo. Marasmius izonetae Sing., spec. nov. Ad folia dicotyledonea silvae tropicalis inun- dabilis aquae albae (varzea), immediate ante in- Pileo saturate violaceo-purpureo, unicolori, sul- undatione fructincans, gregatim crescens. cato, convexo, glabro, in umbilico haud profundo papillato, 2 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie vio- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha Janauari, 18 III laceis, lamellis percurrentibus 1 3, lamellulis nullis, 1983, leg. Singer, Araujo Aguiar & Adis, Singer B illis collariatis. Stipite umbrino, apice albido, basi

12441 (F). etiam nonnumquam albida et semper insititia praedito, glabro, setoso, 5-10 x 0.2-0.3 mm. This species is easily recognizable by its color, Sporis 5 x 2.2 ^m, oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, attachment to black rhizomorphs, dimorphic inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-18 x 5-6 nm; cheilocystidia and habitat. basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- diis ad aciem lamellarum heteromorpham nu- merosis per zonam violaceam, 13-28 x 4.5-8^"!, Marasmius iodactylus Sing., spec. nov. duobus typis cheilocystidiorum M. iodactyli sim- ilibus, sed cum omni forma transitoria observata, Pileo laete violaceo-lilacino modo uniformi, setulosis stride typi Sicci, pariete subhyalina et glabro, sulcato, semigloboso vel convexo, centre tenui vel crassiuscula et violacea. Hyphis tramatis papillate, 0.5-0.8 mm alto. Lamellis albis, acie hymenophoralis regularis leniter sed manifeste alba, collario albo, omnibus percurrentibus et ae- pseudoamyloideis, filamentosis sed nonnullis in- qualibus, octo vel decem. Stipite biso, glabro, ni- flatis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi et ex tido, setoso, e rhizomorpho furcatione nato vel in elementis Cheilocystidiis simillimis efformata. substrate insititio, 10-20 x 0.1 pm, Rhizomor- Ad folia delapsa dicotyledonea in silva tropicali phis sparsis, tenuibus, levibus, concoloribus. typi terrae firmae. Sporis 6-7.5 x 2.5-3.3 nm, oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12.5-17 TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, x 5-6 nm; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. 8 IX 1977, leg. Izonete Araujo Aguiar & Singer B Cheilocystidiis elementis epicutis pilei appendi- 10138 (INPA). culatis similibus, sed hyalinis. Hyphis tenuituni- catis, filamentosis, in pileo hyalinis atque lente The color is similar in M. iodactylus Sing, but debiliterque pseudoamyloideis, haud gelatinosis, it differs from the latter in the stipe which con- fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis stantly grows directly from the substratum, in the dimorphis efformata: (1) 11-18 x 6.5-8.5 fim, edge of the lamellae which is concolorous with the

48 FIELDIANA: BOTANY pileus, in more numerous lamellae and in the time longo, 10-21 x 0.1 mm, rhizomorphis nigris of fructification. praesentibus sed stipiti haud connexis. Sporis 7-9.5 x 2.5-3.5 Mm, fusoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 13-15.3 Marasmius janauariensis Sing., spec. nov. x 5.5-8 Mm, tetrasporis vel (l-)4-sporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidis elemen- Pileo albo vel albido sed macula centrali su- tis epicutis pilei similibus. Hyphis tramatis hy-

baurantio-ochraceo vel cinnamomeo (e. gr. "yel- menophoralis subinamyloideis vel lente leniter low beige" M&P) linea vel zona Candida limitata pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymen- ornato, macula in siccis applanata vel sub lente iformi, ex elementis globosis v. clavatis, hyalinis, leniter elevata, grisascente subpallida observata, setulis typi rotalis modo divergentibus, hyalinis, sulcato, convexo, umbilicato, umbone manifesto in zonis pigmentatis pallide brunneolis, 2-2.5 x et papilla centrali destitute, 3.5-17 mm lato. La- 1-1.5 Mm obsitis, sed parte basali hyalina, 12.5- mellis albis, acie collarioque albis, 15-17 percur- 22 x 8.8-18 Mm. rentibus, aequalibus. Stipite nigro, glabro, setoso, Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali nitido, insititio, 15-34 x 0.5-0.9 mm. Rhizo- typi terrae firmae gregatim. morphis nigris baud visis. Came inodora. Sporis (8-)9.5-10.2 x 3-3.3 Mm, fusoideis, lev- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, ibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 1 9- 26 XII 1977, Singer B 10411 (INPA). Additional 20 x 6-7 Mm. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ele- collection: same locality, 8 VIII 1977, Singer B mentis epicutis zonae marginalis pilei simillimis. 10136 (INPA). Hyphis tramatis pilei debiliter sed manifeste pseu- doamyloideis, filamentosis sed multis inflatis, hy- alinis, haud gelatinosis, omnibus fibulatis. Epicute Marasmius microrotalis Sing., spec. nov. pilei per zonam marginalem hymeniformi, ex ele- mentis 8.5-30 x 8.5-23 Mm, ex integro hyalinis, Pileo dilute alutaceo-cremeo vel cameo in ve- setulis divergentibus typi Rotalis 1-2 nm altis or- getis, zona albida vel primum griseola maculam natis efformata. centralem parvam, fuligineam siccando griseam, Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali planam vel lenissime elevatam circumdante, cet- inundabili typi varzeae. erum in siccis brunnescente (in herbario inter "wigwam" et "Cochin" M&P) et sulcato, margi- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha Janauari, 18 III nem extremum versus saepe pallidiore, glabro,

1983, Singer B 12446 (F). Another (sterile) collec- campanulato vel conico-truncato, umbilicato, 0.5- tion seems to be conspecific: Brazil, Para, Estancia 2 mm lato. Lamellis albis vel albidis, acie et col- Pirelli, 7 VI 1966, Singer B 4224 (BAFC). lario albis, 12-15, plerumque 14 percurrentibus, latis. Stipite prima juventute albo, mox e basi biso- This species is characteristic for the forest with fuligineo vel subnigro et demum ex integro brun- periodic inundations (varzea) and is related to M. neo-nigro vel nigro, macroscopice glabro sed sub rotuloides Dennis and M. vergeliensis Sing., es- lente subtiliter fibrilloso-pruinoso vel minutissime pecially the former from which it differs in the setuloso, demum glabrescente, subnitente, setoso, absence of an umbo; from both it differs in larger insititio in substrate, 2.5-19 x 0.1 mm. Rhizo- spores. morphis nigris, tenuibus, ramosis, subpruinosis vel subglabris, inconspicuis praesentibus. Carne alba, tenuissima, inodora. Marasmius mesocephalus Sing., spec. nov. Sporis 6.8-9 x 3-5 Mm, plerumque 7-9 x 3.5- = 4.2 Mm (Q 2-3), ellipsoideis vel fusoideis, fre- Pileo ochraceobrunneo vel aurantiobrunneo, quenter obclavatis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloid- centre atro zona alba circumdato variegato, gla- eis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15-20.5 x 4.5-7.5 Mm, te- bro, sulcato, convexo, in umbilico moderatim pro- trasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. funde umbonato, demum saepe centre piano in Cheilocystidiis cellulis epicutis simillimis sed ple-

umbilico, 0.5-2 mm lato. I aim-Mis albis acie albis, rumque ex integro hyalinis. Hyphis tramatis pilei collario albo, saepe demum praecipue siccando lente debiliterque pseudoamyloideis, apicis stipitis pallide aurantio-brunneo, lamellis percurrentibus fortius pseudoamyloideis, subhymenio pseu- 7-9. Stipite nigro, apice initio albo, glabro, setoso, doamyloideo; tramate hymenophorali regulari;

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 49 hyphis omnibus fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymeni- 0.3-1.5 /xm crassa, pigmento intraparietali pur- formi, ex dementis 10.5-27.5 x 5.5-19 /xm ef- pureo colorata, setulis primariis 24.5 x 0.5- formata, his hyalinis sed typi Rotalis modo setulis 1.5(-4) /xm. Elementis epicutis umbonis setulis divergentibus, subaureomelleis, 1-3.5 /xm, ple- destitutis. rumque 1-2 urn projicientibus obtectis, nonnullis Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali magis elongatis interspersis. Tegumento stipitis ex haud inundabili. elementis hyphalibus, unicellularibus, saepe ag- gregatis, vacillatim ascendentibus, interdum sub- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, setiformibus, sed tenuiter vel firme tantum tuni- 9 II 1978, Singer B 10649 (INPA). Additional col- catis, hyalinis, inamyloideis efFormato, his apicem lections: same locality, 26 XII 1977, Singer B versus et in parte media stipitis 10-35 x 2.3-3.2 10406a (INPA); same locality and date, Singer B /xm, prope basin autem usque ad 5.5 /xm latis, 10431 (INPA); same locality, 2 I 1978, Singer B obtusis. 10454 (INPA); Rick, Fungi Austroamericani 202(2) Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali (not 202) [Southern Brazil] (FH, sub nomine M. primaria typi terrae firmae solitario vel gregatim. edwallianus f. racemosa Theissen).

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus This species, always "multiceps," i.e., rising from

("EMBRAPA"), 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10104 (F). black rhizomorphs, differs from M. edwallianus Additional collection: same locality, Singer B Henn. in white edges of lamellae and from M. 10105 (INPA sub nom. herb. M. daulobius). hippiochaetes Berk, in glabrous stipe and rhizo- morphs. This species is remarkable because of the stipe covering. Marasmius rotalis Berk. & Br. sensu Sing.

1 964 (p. 33 1) from Zaire, Yangambi (Louis 13934, Marasmius mundulus Sing., spec. nov. BR) is probably conspecific. Marasmius rotalis, ty- pus, differs in much larger carpophores. Pileo albo, macula centrali dilute vel saturate grisea, extra maculam demum pallide argillaceo (sine zona alba circum maculam), sulcato, glabro, Marasmius minusculus Sing., spec. nov. convexo, umbilicato, obtuse papillato in umbilico, 0.7 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie alba, collario Pileo saturate purpureo-rubro vel purpureo-ro- albo, percurrentibus octo, aequalibus. Stipite cas- seo, purpureo in siccis, interdum zona alba ad taneo apice albo, demum subnigro ex toto, glabro, marginem extremum ornato, glabro, sulcato, con- nitido, setoso, insititio, 6 x 0. 1 mm. In herbario vexo, umbilicato, umbonato vel papillato in um- aciebus lamellarum interdum nonnullis argilla- bilico, 1-1.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie alba et ceis. collario albo, percurrentibus 6-10. Stipite proprio Sporis (4-)5-6(-7) x 2.5 /tm, oblongis, levibus, subnigro, glabro, setoso, e rhizomorphis nato, 4 hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12-13.5 28 x 0.1-0.2 mm. Rhizomorphis nigris 0.2/xm x 5-5.5 /xm, tetrasporis. Cheilocystidiis elementis crassis, glabris, nodosis (carpophoris e nodis na- epicutis pilei simillimis. Hyphis lente moderatim tis). Carne in centre pilei sat tenui, ad marginem pseudoamyloideis in tramate pilei, in tramate tenuissima, alba, inodora. hymenophorali regulari haud vel vix pseudoa- Sporis 6-8.5 x 3-4 /xm, plerumque 7-8 x 3.5 myloideis, in apice stipitis manifeste pseudoa- /xm, ellipsoideis vel fusoideis vel oblongis, hyalin- myloideis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, is, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16-21 x 6- elementis 12-23 x 10-15 /xm, setulosis typi Ro- 7.5(-9)/xm, tetrasporis, plerumque 16 x 7-7. 5 /xm; talis modo, setulis 1-2.5 x 0.5-1 /xm, et corpore basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- basali hyalinis. diis elementis epicutis pilei simillimis sed hyalinis. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali Hyphis tramatis pilei vix vel partim debiliter primaria typi terrae firmae solitario. pseudoamyloideis, 1-21 /xm latis, fibulatis. Epi- cute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis, 9-30 x 6- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 30 /xm, ventricosis vel subclavatis et apice inter- 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10092 (INPA). dum obtuse bifurcatis, apicaliter typi Sicci modo setulis obsitis et his frequenter secundario-vel ter- This species is related to M. brachysporus Sing, tiario-setulosis, tenui- vel crassitunicatis, pariete but has narrower spores and fewer lamellae.

50 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Marasmius nanorotalis Sing., spec. nov. Marasmius neorotula Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo albo, interdum argillaceo in juvenilibus, Pileo dilute argillaceo ("nougat" vel "almond dein dilute argillaceo vel argillaceo-pallido, de- biscuit," sicco "thrush" vel "bran" M&P), centre mum nonnumquam argillaceo-brunneo et tune albo vel albido, frequenter macula pallide argil- zona pallidiore circum papillam munito, sed ple- lacea zona alba sub lente rivulosa circumdata or- rumque tali zona et semper zona alba absente, nisi nato, sulcato et interdum (forma reticulato-ven- cum margine iam albo conflueret, glabro, sulcato, osa, Singer B 10236) subtiliter reticulato-venoso convexo vel semiglobato, dein convexo et umbil- inter sulcos, glabro, convexo, umbilicato, demum icato, papillate (papilla semiglobata, dein in um- frequenter applanato, papilla destitute, 5-15 mm

bilico inserta, argillaceo-brunnea, atrobrunnea vel lato. 1 a moll is pallidissime alutaceo-cremeis vel al-

nigra), minuto, 0.4-1.5 mm lato. I .ami-Ills albis, bis, acie pallide argillaceis in siccis sed lateribus acie et collario albis, percurrentibus 7-10, sat latis, concoloribus in vegetis, collario generatim aciebus lamellulis nullis. Stipite atrocastaneo vel nigro ap- concolori, lamellis percurrentibus 9-13, omnibus ice hyalino-albo in juvenilibus, glabro, setoso, 9- aequalibus, in forma reticulato-venosa (Singer B 22 x 0. 1 mm insititio in substrate. Rhizomorphis 10236) intervenosis sed frequentius haud inter- nigris baud visis. Carne tenuissima, alba, inodora. venosis, sat latis vel moderatim latis, haud ven- Sporis8.5-12 x 2.8-3.5(-4) Mm, plerumque 10- tricosis. Stipite castaneo vel nigro, apice primum = 1 1 x 3.3-3.5 Mm (Q 2.7-3.5), oblongis vel fu- albo, interdum in vetustis apice etiam albo, glabro, x soideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: setoso, insititio, 1 1-24 0.2-0.5 mm. Rhizo- Basidiis (1 1-)15-20 x 4-7.8 urn, tetrasporis; bas- morphis nigris separatis sparsis vel nullis. Carne idiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis alba, immutabili, tenui, inodora. elementis epicutis pilei simillimis sed totis hyalin- Sporis (5.5-)6-7.8(-8) x 3.3-4.8 urn, ellipso- is. Hyphis tramatis pilei hyalinis, in pileo et tra- ideis, plerumque leniter applanatis in parte supra- mate hymenophorali regulari debiliter sed mani- hilari, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: feste pseudoamyloideis, plerumque filamentosis, Basidiis 15-19 x 6-7.5 Mm, tetrasporis, basidiolis fortiter pseudoamyloideis in apice stipitis. Epicute fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis elemen- pilei extra umbonem hymeniformi, ex elementis tis epicutis pilei simillimis sed plerumque totis 14-20 x 8-21 Mm, setulis 1-2.5 nm longis div- hyalinis. Hyphis tramatis pilei et hymenophoralis ergentibus typi Rotalis modo, hyalinis vel brun- regularis partim inamyloideis, partim debiliter neis obsitis, parte basali hyalina, vesiculosis vel pseudoamyloideis, in stipite parallelis et manifeste subvesiculoso-ventricosis, tenuitunicatis. Papilla pseudoamyloideis, omnibus fibulatis, haud gela- ex hyphis multiseptatis (cellulis e. gr. 8 x 5 ^m) tinosis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis conniventibus efformata, elementis terminalibus, hyalinis setulis typi Rotalis ornatis aut hyalinis aut superficialibus haud setuligeris sed hymenifor- melleis, parte basali vesiculosa vel subvesiculosa, x mibus, tenuitunicatis, inamyloideis, papillae pig- tenuitunicata, 10-19 6-18 Mm, setulis 2-3.7 /im mento atrospadiceo, manifeste intraparietali. projicientibus. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali Ad lignum arborum dicotyledonearum in silva typi terrae firmae primariae, plerumque gregatim. tropicali primaria typi terrae firmae gregatim.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, 20 X 1977, Singer B 10208 (INPA). A reticulate- 2 I 1978, Singer B 10459 (INPA). Additional col- venose form was collected together with the type lections: same locality, 22 VII 1977, Singer B (Singer B 10236, INPA). 10115, and 29 VII 1977, Singer B 10127.

Of all tropical species, this is the one most sim- What may be a variety of M. nanorotalis with ilar and most related to M. rotula (L. ex Fr.) Fr. flesh-pinkish pileus when dried, deep brown pa- Marasmius dodecaphyllus Sing, is also close. pilla, and scarcely pseudoamyloid hyphae, the pa- pilla covered by elements which are almost like those of sect. Androsacei, has all other characters Marasmius per rarus Sing., spec. nov. of the typical form described above. It is much rarer than the latter, but comes from the same Pileo brunneolo-aurantiaco, siccando badio locality, Singer B 10429. ("chutney" M&P), areis pallidioribus interdum

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 51 praesentibus sed zona alba circum papillam mar- diolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis gini concolorem destitute, glabro, ad ipsum mar- elementis epicutis pilei simillimis sed plerumque ginem sulcato-crenato, sed ceterum levi, convexo, ex toto hyalinis. Hyphis in tramate hymenophor- umbilicato, in umbilico papillate, 3 mm lato. La- ali regulari hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, inamyloideis, meilis albis acie alba, percurrentibus novem, una filamentosis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, x furcata, paullum intervenosis, latis, collariatis. ex elementis 10 4.5-10 Mm, raro longioribus, Stipite atro, simplici, glabro, setoso, nitido, insi- hyalinis in parte basali, sed apicaliter typi Sicci titio in substrate, 17 x 0.1 mm. Rhizomorphis modo setulosis, setulis hyalinis vel succineo-mel- atris tenuibus, glabris praesentibus sed cum stipite leis (in ammoniaco), 2-5.5 x 0.5-1.5 Mm, acutis baud connexis. Carne alba, tenui, inodora. vel frequentius obtusis. Tegumento stipitis ei Mar- Sporis (9-)10.5-12.5 x (3-)5.2-6 Mm, plerum- asmii hippiochaetis simili. que 12 x 5.5 nm, ellipsoideis vel fusoideis vel Ad stipulas Pteridophytorum emortuas in silva oblongis, depressione suprahilari institutis, levi- tropicali. bus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25- 30 x 1 0.5-1 2.5 Mm, (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. TYPUS Panama, San Bias, in semita a Puerto Cheilocystidiis elementis epicutis pilei simillimis Obaldia Darien versus inter et 100 m alt., 22 VI sed plerumque ex integro hyalinis. Hyphis tra- 1975, Dumont PA 914 (NY). matis pilei et tramatis hymenophoralis regularis plerumque hyalinis et filamentosis, intertextis, This species is similar and related to M. hippi- tenuitunicatis, fibulatis, inamyloideis sed nonnul- ochaetes Berk., M. microdendron Sing., M. poly- lis debiliter pseudoamyloideis intermixtis, haud chaetes Sing., and M. schultesii Sing., especially gelatinosis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elemen- the first and second. It differs in shorter spores and tis 18-26(-29) x 11-15 Mm, parte basali tenui- habitat from all these. tunicata, hyalina vel brunneolo-mellea, apicaliter setulis4-7 x l-2Mmbrunneolo-melleis velaureo- melleis, obtusis, typi Sicci modo obsitis efformata. Marasmius praegrandispermus Sing., spec. nov. Ad folia delapsa dicotyledonea in silva primaria tropicali typi terrae firmae solitario. Pileo ferrugineo ("India R, Arabian R" M&P), sicco atroferrugineo, circum maculam fuligineam TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, centralem zona rivulosa, dilute brunneolo-ochrea 1 1 V 1977, Singer B 9856 (INPA). variegato, glabro, sulcato, convexo, umbilicato, in umbilico piano vel vix papillate, 4-6 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie et collario albis, percurrentibus

1 1 Marasmius polycladoides Sing., spec. nov. , sat latis, haud intervenosis. Stipite nigro, gla- bro, setoso, insititio in substrate, 27 x 0.3 mm. Pileo in siccis roseolo-cinnamomeo-ochreo pa- Rhizomorphis et telepodiis nigris praesentibus sed pilla atropurpurea vel purpureo-atra ornato sed stipiti haud connexis. zona pallida circum papillam destitute, glabro, Sporis 28-31.5 x 4.5-5.5 Mm, lanceolato-acu- sulcato, convexo, papillate, primum haud umbil- leiformibus apice rotundatis, levibus, hyalinis, in- icato, dein papilla in umbilico haud profundo in- amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25-36 x 5.5-11.5 serta, 1.5-2.5 mm lato. Lamellis in siccis margini Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nul- pilei concoloribus aciebus pallidis et collario pal- lis. Cheilocystidiis elementis epicute pilei simili- lido, percurrentibus 9-11. Stipite atrocastaneo vel bus, sed generatim nonnihil minoribus et ex toto fusco, primum sub lente setis minutis hispidello, hyalinis. Hyphis in tramate pilei et in tramate hy- dein glabrescente, setoso, e nodis vel partibus in- menophorali regulari pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, ternodosis nato et insititio, 3-5 x 0. 1 mm. Rhi- haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex zomorphis stipite crassioribus (usque ad 0.4 mm elementis 16-30 x 7.5-18.5 Mm, saepe formae crassis), hispidellis, insititiis in stipulis. Colore ve- manus humanae similibus, aliis integris, in parte geto et odore (si ullus) ignotis, sed in siccis colori basali hyalinis vel dilute melleo-brunneolis, setulis "India spice" (M&P) corresponded apicalibus typi Sicci modo ornatis, his 3.5-9 x Sporis 5-6.5 x 3-4 Mm, ellipsoideis, firme tun- 0.8-1. 8(-4) Mm, obtusis, paucis subacutis, brun- icatis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: neis vel melleo-brunneis, multis cellulis iodi ope Basidiis 22-24 x 4.5-5.5 Mm, tetrasporis; basi- ex toto purpureis, vel colore immutatis.

52 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Ad venas centrales foliorum dicotyledoneorum 1 . Stipites e rhizomorphis nati, rarius e substrate, in silva primaria tropicali typi terrae firmae gre- foliicolae. gatim. Var. hendecaphyllophorus Sing., var. nov. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus,

23 VI 1977, Singer B 9993 (INPA). A var. pseudocupressiformi differt pileo 1 mm

lato, lamellis percurrentibus 1 1 . This species is remarkable because it has the largest spores of all representatives of sect. Mar- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, asmius. 29 II 1978, Singer B 10665 (INPA).

Var '"termedius Sing., var. nov. Marasmius pseudocupressiformis Sing., spec. nov.

A varietatibus praecedentibus pileo pallidissime Pileo albo vel albido, in siccis albido, maculo argillaceo, centre atro-papillato papilla zona Can- centrali fuligineo-griseo vel fuligineo, exiguo var- dida circumdata variegato, 0.5-1 mm lato et stip- iegato, sulcato, glabro, doliiformi vel conico-trun- ite interdum in substrate, frequentius in rhizo- cato, centre applanato, in siccis leniter umbilicato insititio et elementis uno et umbone minuto atro obtuso in umbilico ele- morphis paucis epicutis vel duobus appendiculos apicalibus munitis, fre- vato, 0.4-0.7 mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie collar- quentius autem integris differt. Lamellis percur- ioque albis, latis, percurrentibus novem, omnibus rentibus 8-10. aequalibus. Stipite brunneo vel nigro, glabro, se- toso, nitido, in nodis rhizomorpharum insititio, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, 7-8 x 0.1-0.2 mm. Rhizomorphis stipiti conco- 2 III 1978, Singer B 10764 (INPA). loribus, glabris, 0.1-0.2 mm crassis. Carne alba, tenuissima, inodora.

Sporis 9.5-1 1 x 4-4.5 nm, oblongis vel fuso- 2. Stipites rhizomorphigeni, lignicolae. ideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24-25 x 7. 5 Mm, clavatis, tetrasporis; bas- Var. alboflavescentulus Sing., var. nov. idiolis fusiformibus. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- diis elementis epicutis pilei simillimis. Hyphis fi- A var. pseudocupressiformi differt habitatione lamentosis subintertextis, hyalinis, fibulatis, tenui- in ligno et sporis angustioribus (7.5-9.5 x 2.8-4 tunicatis, manifeste pseudoamyloideis, haud ge- /im, plerumque 8.5-9 x 3-3.8 um) nee non pileo latinosis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis albo flavescente. dimorphis efformata, his (1) 15-16 x 8.5-10.5 ^m, subvesiculosis, hyalinis, (2) 21-30 x 6-9 jim, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, fusoideis, apice obtusis, hyalinis vel subhyalinis, 9 II 1978, Singer B 10620 (INPA). tenui- vel firme tunicatis (pariete usque ad 0.5 um crasa), plerumque pseudoamyloideis sed multis inamyloideis; interdum cellulis intermediis inter 3. Stipites in substrato nati, duos typos occurrentibus. lignicolae. Ad folia delapsa dicotyledonea in silva tropicali Var. conspicuus Sing. var. nov. primaria, typi terrae firmae.

A var. intermedia differt carpophoris majoribus, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, pileo 1.5-4 mm lato; stipite 25-27 x 0.1 mm; 2 III 1978, B 10743 Singer (INPA). sporis etiam paullum majoribus (9-1 1.7 x 3.5-5 Aim in hac, 8.5-9(-10) x 3.5(-4.2) urn in var. in-

This species is remarkable because of the shape termedia); stipite semper in substrato nato et lig- of the cheilocystidia and the elements of the epi- nicola differt. cutis of the pileus, all without setulae. The diag- nosis given above corresponds to var. pseudocu- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, pressiformis. Other varieties are as follows: 10 I 1978, Singer B 10514 (INPA).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 53 Var. atripes Sing., var. nov. bro, sulcato, convexo, umbilicato, papilla nulla vel in umbilico subpapillato tantum in siccis, 1.5-2.2 A var. conspicuo pileo 0.7-2 mm lato et sporis mm lato. Lamellis albis acie collarioque albis, per- (7-)7.5-9 x (3.3-)3.8-5.5 nm nee non stipitis co- currentibus (15-)17-18(-20). Stipite albo, mox lore atro vel brunneo vel castaneo differt. sordide ochreo ad basin et gradatim atrocastaneo apice albo, demum castaneo-subnigro, glabro, ni- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, tido, setoso, 20-30 x 0. 1 mm. Rhizomorphis ni- 20 X 1977, Singer B 10223 (INPA). Additional gris haud visis. Carne alba, tenui, inodora. collection: same locality, 18 1 1978, Singer B 10547 Sporis 4.5-7.5 x 2-3.5 nm, oblongis, paucis

(F). ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis, ad la- tus adaxiale applanatis. Hymenio: Basidiis 11-12 x 4-5 fj.m, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cys- It is possible that M. pseudocupressiformis var. tidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis hyalinis setulis inclu- pseudocupressiformis, together with var. interme- sis, ceterum elementis epicutis pilei simillimis. dius, also var. conspicuus and var. atripes, taken Hyphis tramatis pilei et tramatis hymenophoralis together, and finally var. alboflavescentulus might regularis hyalinis, inamyloideis vel vix pseudoa- represent three autonomous species. But with few myloideis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei collections of each at hand, I hesitate to propose hymeniformi ex elementis 14-30 x 9-18 ^m, sac- this at the moment. These and the whole stirps catis vel subvesiculosis, hyalinis, firme vel leniter Pseudocupressiformis differ from other species of subcrassiuscule tunicatis, apice typi Rotalis modo the section in the absence of setulae-bearing cells setulis divergentibus hyalinis vel brunneolis vel in the epicutis and lamellae edges, but several ochreo-melleis 1.5-3 x 1-1.2 /urn ornatis effor- species are known to contain elements both smooth mata. and with setulae and these form the transition to Ad folia Scleronematis micranthae Ducke de- the rest of subsect. Penicillati Sing. lapsa in silva tropicali primaria typi terrae firmae gregatim.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, Marasmius rubromarginatus var. albilamellatus 20 X 1977, Singer B 10209 (INPA). Additional Sing., var. nov. collection: same locality, 9 II 1 978, Singer B 10615 (INPA). A var. rubromarginato differt lamellis pileo haud concoloribus ad aciem. This species is related to the following species Ad folia monocotyledonea, rarius dicotyledo- as well as to M. cundinamarcae Sing. It differs nea, in silva tropicali primaria typi terrae firmae. from these species in the absence of a papilla or umbo and in not or scarcely (only in superposition TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, weakly) pseudoamyloid hyphae and mostly 17-18 18 V 1977, Singer B 9663 (INPA). Additional col- lamellae; from M. cundinamarcae, it also differs lections: same locality, 21 IV 1977, Singer B 9771 in the size of pileus and stipe and in habitat (host (INPA); same locality and date, Singer B 9786 (INPA); and forest type different). same locality, 3 VI 1977, Singer B 9921 (INPA).

In this variety, the lamellae of the fresh carpop- Marasmius terraefirmae Sing., spec. nov. hores are uniformly white but occasionally at the margin of the pileus and often at the whole edge Pileo primum albo vel albido, mox in zona inter ferruginous-reddish punctate when dried. umbilicum et marginem et dein in tota superficie

centre excepto argillaceo ( 1 4 H 9 M&P); umbone albido-sordido vel griseo vel fuscidulo in vegetis, Marasmius scleronematis Sing., spec. nov. siccando argillaceo-griseolo vel biso-subatro vel vix mutato, circulo zonario albo limitato in ve- Pileo albo vel albido, dein praesertim siccando getis, in siccis obvio, glabro, sulcato, convexo, pri- argillaceo vel grisello brunneo (e. gr. "nougat" vel mum prominenter umbonato umbone obtuso, dein "almond" M&P), centre macula atra, brunneola, umbilicato et umbone manifesto in umbilico or- fuliginea, zona lata alba circumdata variegato, gla- nato, 2.54(-6) mm lato. Lamellis albis, acie albis,

54 FIELDIANA: BOTANY collario albo sed interdum siccando subargillaceo, Sporis 5.5-7.2 x 2.8-3.7 Mm, plerumque 6-7 percurrentibus 18-26, plerumque 19-20. Stip- x 3-3.3 Mm, ellipsoideis vel oblongis, levibus, hy- ite fusco dein nigro apice primum albo, glabro, alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16 x 6.5- setoso, insititio, 9-19 x 0.1-0.2 mm. Rhizomor- 7 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis phis atris baud visis. Carne alba, tenui, inodora. nullis. Cheilocystidiis elementis epicutis pilei sim- Sporis 5-7.5 x 2.3-3.5 Mm, plerumque 5.5-6.2 illimis sed omnibus hyalinis. Hyphis hyalinis, de- x 3-3.2 MHI, fusoideis vel oblongis, nonnullis el- biliter vel haud pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis. Epi- lipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- cute pilei in parte pilei rosacea hymeniformi, ex menio: Basidiis 15-17 x 4.5-5.5 Mm; basidiolis elementis 13-19 x 5.5-9.5 Mm, subclavatis, saepe fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis hyalinis, firme vel crasse (usque ad 1 Mm diam.) tunicatis, forma sua elementis epicutis pilei simillimis. Hy- ad apicem setulis ornatis, et interdum furcatis vel phis in tramate pilei et tramate hymenophorali lobatis, setulis 1.5-2 Mm projicientibus, plerum- regulari hyalinis, lente et debiliter sed sine dubio que obtusis, hyalinis vel (plerumque) rosaceis nonnihil pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei (pariete hyalinis vel roseolis in ammoniaco) effor- hymeniformi, ex elementis + subvesiculosis 14- mata; umbonis epicute hymeniformi vel subhy- 26 x 1 2-24 Mm, hyalinis vel subhyalinis sed setulis meniformi, ex elementis integris, haud setuligeris, typi Rotalis divergentibus subhyalinis vel argil- usque ad 1 7 x 6 Mm, subcylindraceis vel subcla- laceo-brunneolis ornatis, his 1-2.5 x (0.2-)0.5(-1) vatis, pariete crassa lutea instructis efformata. Teg- fan. umento stipitis subnullo, nonnullis excrescentiis Ad folia dicotyledonea diversa delapsa in silva hyphalibus admodum sparsis exceptis, hyphis in tropicali primaria typi terrae firmae gregatim, rar- eis inamyloideis (sed hyphae stipitis tramatis par- ius solitario. allelae manifeste pseudoamyloideae). Ad lignum emortuum in silva tropicali typi ter- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, rae firmae.

20 II 1 978, Singer B 10690 (INPA). Additional col- lections: same locality, 30 I 1978, Singer B 10561 TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, (INPA); same locality and date, Singer B 1056 la 20 X 1977, Singer B 10216 (INPA). (INPA); same locality, 23 III 1978, Singer B 10830 (INPA). Sect. Hygrometrici This species is very close to the preceding. One ofour collections (B 1 05 70) has larger carpophores Marasmius pichinchensis Sing., spec. nov. (pileus 6 mm broad; lamellae 1 8) but has an umbo like the type collection, although the hyphae of the Pileo aurantio-brunneo, sublevi vel sulcato, ob- pileus are inamyloid. This form which may seem tuso, campanulato-convexo vel convexo, 0.5 intermediate between both these species reminds mm lato. I aim-Ills albis dein pallide grisello-cre- one somewhat of the forms around M. hylaeicola meis, distantibus, 4-6 percurrentibus, lamellulis Sing. This latter species, however, has a very dif- vel furcatis nullis vel una praesente, angustis vel ferent pileus color. mediocriter latis, subliberis vel liberis. Stipite sub- nigro, siccando brunneo, apice frequenter pallid- iore, glabro vel subglabro, insititio in rhizomor- Marasmius xylodendron Sing., spec. nov. phis vel in substrate, breviusculo. Rhizomorphis stipiti concoloribus praesentibus et cum basi stip- Pileo rosaceo, umbone brunneo in vegetis et in itis frequentissime connexis. siccis, glabro, papilla mediana in centre applanato Sporis 8-10.8 x 3. 5 Mm, fusoideo-oblongis, lev- pilei convexi ornato, 1-1.2 mm lato. I .aim-Ills al- ibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 1 7- bis, acie albis, collario subappresso albido, adnatis, 18 x 5.5-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. latis vel latissimis, distantibus (octo percurrenti- Cystidiis (17-)26-28.5 x 5.5-6.8 Mm, ampulla- bus, omnibus aequalibus). Stipite castaneo, sub- ceis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Cheilocystidiis ele- nigro in siccis, glabro, setoso, rhizomorphis insi- mentis epicutis pilei simillimis sed pallidioribus titio, 5 x 0.1 mm. Rhizomorphis stipiti vel hyalinis. Hyphis hyalinis, inamyloideis, an- concoloribus, glabris vel raro excrescentiis hy- guste filamentosis, haud gelatinosis, fibulatis. Ep- phalibus obsitis, insititiis, longis, 0.1-0.2 mm icute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis (10-) 14-20 crassis. Carne alba, tenuissima, inodora. x 5-13.5 Mm, late ventricosis vel vesiculosis, typi

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 55 Rotalis modo in medio vel tres quartis superior- maxima e parte pallidioribus aut dimorphis (1) 9- ibus ornatis, setulis succineo-brunneis, 1-1.7 ^m 20 x (4.5-)8.5-15 nm, ad apicem crasse (1.5-3 longis, pariete 1 nm crassa hyalina vel succineo- Mm) tunicatis et brunneis, (2) pariete firma vel ten- brunnea in corpora basali instructis, et inter ea ui apice incluso, et apice haud discolori, omnibus nonnullis hyphis terminalibus succineo-brunneis setulis typi Rotalis modo per unam vel duas tertias nee non nonnullis dermatocystidiis effbrmata, der- superiores obsitis, setulis l-2(-4.5) fim longis, matocystidiis cystidiis hymenialibus simillimis. ochraceo-melleis. Hyphis filamentosis, hyalinis et Elementis setuliferis perpaucis ad apicem usque tenuitunicatis vel firme tunicatis in pileo et in tra- ad 2 nm crasse tunicatis et permultis ad basin mate hymenophorali regulari, in stipite parallelis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis. pariete pigmentatis, omnibus fibulatis et haud ge- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali- latinosis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis montana gregatim. utrique typo cheilocystidiorum simillimis et tune episcopice variegatis efformata, sed interdum typo secundo sparse vel raro, 8-21 x 6.5-14 /on. Teg- TYPUS Ecuador, Pichincha, 24 km from sec- umento stipitis ex hyphis saepe ut cheilocystidia tion of the road the new Quito-Machachi along setulosis sed dermatocystidiis nullis visis. 7 VIII Dumont EC 2368 road, 1975, (NY). Ad folia arborea et herbacea dicotyledonea de- lapsa in silva tropicali-submontana.

This species differs from M. minutus Peck (= = M. capillipes Sacc. M. pyrinus Ellis) in the pres- TYPUS Panama, Panama, 2-3 km N of El ence of rhizomorphs from which many of the stipes Llano-Carti road in leaves of Cecropia sp., 200- rise. It differs from M. ilicis Sing, because of the 250 m alt., 29 VI 1975, Dumont P 1488 (NY). smaller number of percurrent lamellae and the Additional collections: Venezuela, Sucre, on her- often rhizomorphigenous stipe. The following baceous sticks, 15 VII 1972, Dumont et al. (NY); species have less elongated spores and do not form Bolivia, La Paz, Nor-Yungas, Rio Llolosa, on tough conspicuous rhizomorphs. dicotyledonous leaves, 31 I 1956, Singer B 758 (LIL). Both these collections had not been separated by me from M. ilicis Sing.

Marasmius pseudominutus Sing., spec. nov. Specimens of M ilicis Sing., typus, have spores Pileo castaneobrunneo vel badio, ad marginem 7-9 x 3.5-3.8 nm. Thus, in M. pseudominutus, interdum aurantio-brunneo, sulcato, campanula- with spores (3-)4-5 nm broad, the latter are de- to, obtuso 1.5-2 mm lato. Lamellis pileo palli- cidedly broader. Furthermore, M. pseudominutus dioribus in siccis, sed albis vel albidis in vegetis, has 5-7, M. ilicis 10 percurrent lamellae. While 5-7 percurrentibus, subangustis vel moderatim la- the host in sect. Hygrometrici is mostly rather spe- tis, ascendentibus, demum horizontalibis, haud cific, in M. minutus Peck and M. pseudominutus collariatis adnatis. Stipite atrocastaneo vel sub- it is variable. Marasmius minutus grows on leaves nigro, glabro vel subglabro macroscopice, setoso, ofSyringa, Acer, Ulmus, Fraxinus, Populus, Pyrus 6-13 x 0.1 mm., insititio in substrate. Rhizo- and has smaller spores (mostly 6-7.8 x 2.5-3.3 morphis haud visis. ^m, rarely larger) than M. pseudominutus. Mar- Sporis 6.5-10 x (3_)4_5 ^m, ellipsoideis vel asmius minutus and M. corbariensis (Roume- oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymen- guere) Sing, are the only species of the section io: Basidiis 19-22.5 x (5-)7-8.5 /un, tetrasporis, which occur in the northern extratropical zone, interdum cum paucis bisporis mixtis; basidiolis but the following species occurs in the temperate fusoideis. Cystidiis cystidioliformibus vel vix pro- zone of the southern hemisphere. fundius natis quam basidia, 15-25 x 4.3-8.5 ^m* ampullaceis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, apice 4-7 x 1.3-5 /im, ad latera et acies lamellarum sat nu- merosis sed moderatim conspicuis, interdum ad Marasmius sphaerodermatoides Sing., spec. nov. latera elementis cheilocystidiis simillimis inter- mixtis. Cheilocystidiis ad et prope aciem lamel- Pileo atrocastaneo (prope "leafmold" M&P) ad larum subheteromorpham numerosis, rarius spar- marginem brunneo ("Cochin" M&P), in siccis un- sis, aut elementis epicutis pilei simillimis sed icolori ("kis kilim" M&P), convexo, centre mox

56 FIELDIANA: BOTANY leniter depresso vel applanato, sulcato, glabro, 1.5- Sect. Androsacei

3.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, mediocriter latis, 8- Marasmius campinaranae Sing., spec. nov. 1 4 percurrentibus, raro una cum lamellula aut una vel duabus furcatis, nonnumquam una vel duabus Pileo griseolo-brunneo, glabro, levi, convexo, perangustis immixtis, attenuato-subliberis. Stipite obtuso, haud umbilicato, 2-3 mm lato. Lamellis castaneo, apice in juvenilibus albo, in parte super- pileo concoloribus sed ad aciem subpallidis, per- iore subtiliter pruinoso sed macroscopice glabro, currentibus 10-12, compluribus lamellulis inter- in parte inferiore baud pruinato, setoso, insititio, mixtis, sed haud mediocriter latis, mod- 20 x 0.2 mm. Rhizomorphis nullis. Carne ten- didymis, eratim distantibus, variabiliter adnexis. Stipite uissima, alba, inodora. atrobrunneo, in parte inferiore pubescentia con- Sporis 7-8 x 3.5-4.2 pm, ellipsoideis, levibus, colori, in parte superiore pubescentia hyalina ob- hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-27 tecto sed demum glabrescente, aequali, setoso, in- x 6-7.2 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis 24-27 x 5-7 sititio, 15 x 0.1 mm. Rhizomorphis nigris cum Mm, apice 2 /im diam., ampullaceis, ad latera stipite haud connexis et telepodiis praesentibus. sparsis, acie versus frequentioribus, hyalinis, in- Carne tenuissima, inodora. tegris. Cheilocystidiis (saepe sparsis) elementis ep- = Sporis (8.5-)9-13 x 3.2^.5 Mm (Q 3), ob- icutis pilei simillimis sed plerumque pallidioribus. longis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Hyphis in pileo et apice stipitis tenuitunicatis vel Basidiis 25 x 8.5 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis fu- nonnullis crassiuscule tunicatis, fibulatis, inamy- soideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis in acie het- loideis, baud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei hymenifor- eromorpha 24-37 x 9-16 nm, ventricoso-clavatis mi, ex elementis 1 1-23 x 9-17.5 nm, obpirifor- vel subvesiculosis, levibus vel sinuosis, paucis vel mibus vel globosis, typi Rotalis modo setulis 1.2- multis ad apicem nonnullis appendicibus 2.2 x 0.4 //m, divergentibus obsitis efformata, his digiti- formibus ornatis, omnio hyalinis. Hyphis in tra- castaneis vel ochraceo-brunneis, nonnullis hyalin- mate pilei et in tramate hymenophorali regulari is vel subhyalinis vel melleis, corpore basali par- hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, subparallelis, 2-4 pm iete superne crassa (1-2.5 Mm), hyalina, straminea, latis, fibulatis, eis pilei supra hymenium haud pig- pallide ochracea instructo. Tegumento stipitis ex mentatis, superne gradatim magis brunneo-in- hyphis corticalibus verticalibus externis distanter crustatis, omnibus inamyloideis. Epicute pilei non diverticulato-spinulosis et dermatocystidiis di- hymeniformi sed trichodermiali, ex elementis in- morphis ut minime in parte superiore stipitis ef- tertextis, nonnullis ex eis latissimis (usque ad 30 formato: (1) 23 x 8 nm, apice e gr. 7.2 x 1.8 Mm diam.), atrobrunneo-incrustatis, cellulis ter- Mm, ampullaceis, hyalinis; (2) 1 1 x 4.2 ^m, minalibus saepe dermatocystidioideis et plerum- clavatis vel cylindraceis, typi Rotalis modo div- que appendiculis simplicibus vel furcatis apicali- erticulis sterigmatoideis, 1.5-2.5 nm longis, div- bus et interdum etiam lateralibus ornatis efformata. ergentibus obsitis, brunneolis vel brunneolo-hy- Hypodermic ex hyphis plerumque radiatim dis- alinis; his cheilocystidiis, illis cystidiis positis, brunneo-incrustatis, 3-5 nm latis effor- hymenialibus analogis. mato. Tegumento stipitis prope basin ex elementis Ad folia delapsa Ligustri nee non ad folia Er- piliformibus efformato; pilis basin versus crasse yngii in silvis extratropicalibus. (1-2 Aim deorsum, 0.4-0.7 /am apicem versus) tun- icatis, cylindraceis, 27-95 pm longis, strato exter- TYPUS Argentina, Buenos Aires, Parque Per- mo parietis brunneo, interne hyalino, apice ro- 5-9 sed ad basin ad 23 eyra, 20 VI 1 962, G. E. Horak, Singer S 201 (BAFC). tundatis, Mm latis, usque Mm incrassatis efformato; pilis hyalinis apicis stip- itis eis Marasmii hakgalensis simillimis. This species can be distinguished from others Ad folia coriacea dicotyledonea delapsa in silva by the dimorphous dermatocystidia of the stipe tropicali arenosa typi campinaranae gregatim. and it is the only one that has been observed in the province of Buenos Aires. M. sphaerodermus TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, along road Manaus- var. major Speg. (An. Soc. Cient. Arg. 10: 126. Caracarai, km 45, 28 II 1979, Singer B 10724 1880) is identical. It is possible that the large- (INPA). spored forms of M. minutus which have been re- ported (M. S. Gilliam, Mycotaxon 4: 109. 1976) Marasmius campinaranae is in its habitat rather in North America actually to M. sphae- belong common and may be considered ambiguous be- rodermatoides. tween Marasmius, sect. Androsacei and Maras-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 57 miellus because ofthe inamyloid trama but in view calibus, praesentibus ad apicem stipitis, minute of the hairs of the stipe, quite similar to those of diverticulatis. M. hakgalensis Fetch, appears to belong in the Ad folia nothofaginea delapsa gregatim in silvis neighborhood of the latter. It differs from M. hak- nothofagineis. galensis in much larger spores. TYPUS Australia, Tasmania, near Florentine River, Adamsfield Track, 400 m alt, 4243'S;

Marasmius polylepidis var. jujuyensis Sing., var. 14624.5'E, 27 I 1977, J. Engel 13629 (F). nov. This new species is related to M. pilgerodendri Pileo centre haud depresso sed minute papillate Sing, and M. yalae Sing., both from southern South et praesentia rhizomorpharum nigrarum a var. po- America. From the latter it differs in the presence lylepidis differt. Ad folia Polylepidis australis Bit- of blackish rhizomorphs and the host; from the ter. former in less distinctly pseudoamyloid hyphae and narrower and less numerous lamellae. Mar- TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 16 asmius androsaceus (L. ex Fr.) Fr. has strongly

II 1966, Singer T 5202 (F). incrusting pigment in the epicutis of the pileus as well as in the hypodermium, but this species as previously cited from Australia and New Zealand Marasmius tasmaniensis Sing., spec. nov. may well belong to M. tasmaniensis. Marasmius eucalypti Berk, has conspicuous dermatocystidia Pileo in siccis pallide sordideque brunneolo, on the stipe (Pegler). margine pallidiore, glabro, sulcato, convexo, cen- tro applanato vel lenissime depresso, in depres- sione minute papillato, 3 mm lato. Lamellis Marasmius truncorum Sing., spec. nov. albidis, distantibus, 7-9 percurrentibus, nonnullis margini haud porrigentibus, aliis furcatis, aliis len- Pileo gilvo, centre pallidiore, ex toto demum iter anstomosantibus, moderatim latis, intermix- leniter pallescente, glabro, haud viscido, ad mar- tis, adnatis vel adnexis. Stipite atrofusco vel nigro ginem sulcato, in siccis vix planis, convexo, mox in maturis, glabro, nitido, setoso, insititio, 2040 centre leniter depresso, obtuso, 3 mm lato. La- x 0.1-0.2 mm. Rhizomorphis nigris numerosis mellis albis, distantibus, percurrentibus typice sed cum stipite haud connexis. Came tenui, ino- novem, e lamellulis tridymis, haud intervenosis, dora. ventricosis, adnexis. Stipite subatro, pubescentia Sporis (5.5-)6.5-7.5 x 3.2-3.5 pm, ellipsoideis hyalina tecto, aequali, insititio, setoso, 18 x 0.1 vel oblongis, neque fusoideis neque cylindraceis, mm. Rhizomorphis nigris praesentibus, sed cum levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis stipitibus haud connexis, stipite subtenuioribus, 16.5-23 x 6.5-7.5 pm, tetrasporis; basidiolis pubescentibus. Carne inodora. subfusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 7-25 Sporis (5.5-)6.3-8 x (2.5-)3.3 Mm, ellipsoideis x 3.5-10 /zm, setulis plerumque apicalibus et acu- vel oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- tis, numerosis, leniter divergentibus 1.5-3(-4) x menio: Basidiis 16-20 x 5.7 /xm, tetrasporis; bas- 0.5(-1) urn obsitis, tenuitunicatis et hyalinis cla- idiolis fusoideis vel anguste clavatis vel subcylin- vatis. Hyphis in pileo inamyloideis, hyalinis, fi- draceis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem lamentosis, 3-6.5 nm diam., aliis tenuitunicatis, vix heteromorpham inter basidia et basidiola 1 0- aliis pariete 0.7-1 ^m instructis, fibulatis; eis stip- 16 x 5-8 nm, versiformibus, ex appendiculis dig- itis parallelis, pigmento intraparietali sed haud in- itiformibus apicalibus et frequenter etiam later- crustante in strato corticali coloratis, debiliter alibus scobiformibus et interdum subramosis, ap- pseudoamyloideis in parte interna. Epicute pilei pendiculis 2-6 x 1 Mm, omnino hyalinis et haud hymeniformi, sed ex hyphis irregulariter dis- inamyloideis. Hyphis pilei et tramatis hymeno- positis versus superficiem ipsam diverticulis ple- phoralis regularis filamentosis, hyalinis, defibu- x rumque obtusis 2-3 1-1.3 nm exasperatis ef- latis, inamyloideis vel lenissime pseudoamyloid- formata. Hypodermio ex hyphis repentibus eis, in stipite parallelis, subcrassitunicatis, multis hyalinis, intermittenter pallide fuscidulo-ochra- ex eis pseudoamyloideis, in rhizomorphis pseu- ceis sed haud manifeste incrustatis efformato. Teg- doamyloideis. Epicute pilei haud hymeniformi sed umento stipitis nullo, sed hyphis extermis corti- ex elementis intertextis diverticulis ascendentibus

58 FIELDIANA: BOTANY et erectis ornatis, hyalinis vel leniter brunneo-in- Hymenio: Basidiis 24.5-25 x 4.7-5.5 nm, basi- crustatis efformata. Hypodermic ex elementis hy- diolis fusoideis, acutis. Cystidiis moderatim nu- phalibus magis pigmento incrustatis quam in ep- merosis et moderatim conspicuis, 26-34 x 5.5- icute, sat latis efformato. Tegumento stipitis pilis 7.5 ^m, versiformibus, saepe clavatis, utriformi- subhyalinis vel stramineis vel pallide fulvis, crasse bus, nonnullis apice truncatis vel appendiculatis (1-2 nm, apicem versus subtenuius) tunicatis 18- uno vel duobus appendiculis apicalibus, sterig- 61 x 4-7 ^m, ad apicem plerumque rotundatis matoideis vel subcapitatis, opacis, hyalinis, pro- efformato. Tegumento ex elementis piliformibus fundius radicantibus quam basidia, sed ultra ba- eis stipitis simillimis, plerumque subfulvis effor- sidia vix projicientibus, nonnullis incrustatione mato. tenui resinacea fragmentata pallide ochrea obtec-

Ad lignum emortuum arborum in silva tropi- tis, pariete firma instructis. Cheilocystidiis ele- cali. mentis epicutis pilei simillimis sed hyalinis, setulis hyalinis vel luteolis. Hyphis in pileo et tramate TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ponta Negra, 2 VII hymenophorali regulari hyalinis, irregularibus et 1978, Singer B 11267 (INPA). diametro variabili, intertextis, tenuiter vel firme

tunicatis (pariete 0.2-0.4 fj.m), haud gelatinosis, Descriptio antecedens ad var. truncorum refert. fortiter pseudoamyloideis, 3-10 mm latis, fi- bulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis interdum exiguis, hyalinis, setulis apicalibus typi Marasmius truncorum var. r a mo ruin Sing., var. Sicci modo ornatis, setulis plerumque luteolis, 5- nov. 10 nm longis instructis, pariete firma munitis ef- formata. A var. truncorum lamellis minus distantibus Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva inun- percurrentibus 16-17 nee non habitatione et area dabili aquae albae (varzea), gregatim. geographica differt. Ad stipulas ligneas ramorum et ramulorum in silva tropicali-montana quercu- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Lago Janauari, 18 bus dominata solitario. HI 1983, leg. Singer, Adis & Araujo Aguiar, Singer B 12454 (INPA). TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartago, El Empalme, 2300

m alt., 25 VII 1981, Singer B 12416 (F). This species is to be inserted between M. spe- gazzinii Sacc. and M. pseudocorrugatus Sing. It differs from the latter in color, from the former in Sect. Sicci more distant lamellae, from both in habitat and less conspicuous cystidia. The species is dedicated Marasmius adisianus Sing., spec. nov. to Dr. J. Adis whose merits in the ecological ex- ploration of the varzea are herewith acknowl- Pileo subferrugineo-aurantiaco, interdum, prae- edged. cipue in siccis vibicibus radialibus pallidioribus variegato sed haud albido-virgato, in centre levi vel minutissime venoso-corrugato, ferrugineo, Marasmius asemiformis Sing., spec. nov. ceterum fortiter sulcato per quatuor quintas partes radii, conico-applanato, obtusato vel umbone ex- Pileo saturate ferrugineo-aurantiaco, centre au- iguo centruli ornato, 12-14 mm lato. Lamellis al- rantio-ferrugineo, in junioribus saturate rufes- bis, acie albis sed siccando partim, praesertim slip- cente-castaneo, centre levi sed circum centrum item versus, pileo concoloribus, haud intervenosis, saepe corrugato-venoso, haud sulcato, glabro, con- rarius paucis venis interlamellaribus notatis, me- vexo et obtuso, dein centre applanato vel leniter diocriter latis, mediocriter distantibus vel subdis- depresso vel umbilicato, 14-1 5 mm lato. Lamellis tantibus (13-15 percurrentibus), subliberis, inter- albis vel albidis, acie in vegetis et siccis albis vel dum subcollariatis. Stipite castaneo, apice albo sed albidis, angustis vel moderatim latis, confertissim- circum lamellas, praecipue in siccis, colore pilei is, haud intervenosis, adnexis vel liberis. Stipite cingulato, glabro, levi, aequali, 49-51 x 0.8 mm. primitus albo, mox castaneo vel brunneo in parte Mycelio basali tomentoso, sparse. inferiore, ex integro pruinoso vel pubescente pu- Sporis 1 1-12 x 3-3.5 jtm, fusoideis, interdum bescentia alba, praesertim notabili in parte infer- leniter curvulis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. iore, aequali, 34-39 x 1-1.2 mm. Mycelio basali

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 59 fibrilloso, in siccis fulvescente, interdum sparse. abundante, e pallido fulvescente. Carne tenui, in- Carne alba, immutabili, inodora. odora. x = Sporis 7-1 1 x 2.5-3.7 Mm, plerumque 8-10 x Sporis 9-1 1.5 3.5-4.5 Mm (Q 2.3-2.6), ob- 3.2-3.7 Mm, fusoideis, interdum fusoideo-subcy- longis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: lindraceis vel oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamy- Basidiis 22 x 6 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis fuso- loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-23 x 5-6.5 Mm, te- ideis. Cystidiis 27-30 x 6-6. 7 Mm, subclavatis vel

trasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis rarissimis, sat anguste ventricosis, interdum 1 -appendiculatis interdum absentibus, ampullaceis, hyalinis, 25 vel capitulatis, pariete tenui, turn firma, refrin- x 10 /im. Cheilocystidiis 8-17 x 5-6.5 Mm, cla- gente, hyalinia praeditis, contentu visibili desti- vatis vel ventricosis, typi Sicci modo setulis api- tutis. Cheilocystidiis elementis epicutis pilei sim- calibus 4-20, plerumque 5-10 x 1-1.5 Mm, acutis illimis sed omnibus ex integro hyalinis. Hyphis vel rarius obtusis ornatis, tenuitunicatis, ex integro pilei et hymenophori hyalinis, tenuiter vel crasse, hyalinis. Hyphis in tramate hymenophorali re- plerumque firme tunicatis, pseudoamyloideis, fi- gulari hyalinis, filamentosis, interdum usque ad bulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, elementis om- 15 Mm inflatis, et tune saepe multiseptatis, om- nibus typi Sicci modo setulosis; corpore basali 1 4- nibus pariete tenuissima vel tenui, pseudoamy- 20 x 5. 5-9. 5 Mm, hyalino vel flavido-hyalino, ten- loidea instructis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Epi- uiter vel firme tunicato; setulis hyalinis vel flavido- cute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis typi Sicci hyalinis vel aureo-melleis, 6.5-10 Mm longis, acu- modo setulosis efformatis, corpore basali 11-15 tis, vel subacutis vel rarius obtusis, conicis. Teg- x 5-8 Mm, tenuitunicato, hyalino, setulis (3-)4-9 umento stipitis e dermatocystidiis numerosissim- Mm longis, plerumque acutis vel subacutis, rarius is, integris, satis angustis efformato, his (10-)20- 30 x 3.5-6.5 magis elongatis aut obtusatis, aureo-flavis. Tegu- Mm , versiformibus, hyalinis vel sub- mento stipitis dermatocystidiis versiformibus, hy- hyalinis, obtusis, raro bifurcatis vel breviter ap- alinis, integris, raro apice bilobis, tenuiter vel firme pendiculatis vel capitulatis, frequenter subcylin- tunicatis, numerosis, 10-50 x 3-9 Mm, aut clavatis draceis. et brevibus aut utriformibus aut ventricosis et mu- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva primaria cronatis aut subfilamentosis e. gr. 4 1 x 3 Mm, hinc tropicali typi terrae firmae. inde leniter inflatis (usque ad 5 Mm) aut cylindricis vel ventricosis et brevibus, saepe bilobis, aut am- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, pullaceis et 28-34 x 5.5-7 Mm aut late ventricosis 18 I 1978, Singer B 10545 (INPA). Additional col- vel subvesiculosis et 10-16 x 5-9 Mm aut ventri- lection: same locality and date, Singer B 10546 cosis cum appendiculo digitali laterali. (INPA). Ad detritum et petiola foliorum dicotyledoneo- rum in silva secundaria argillosa. Marasmius asemiformis and M. araucariae Sing, are related. The first one has somewhat smaller TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, 20 III 1983, spores, somewhat broader lamellae, and less dis-

Singer B 12457 (F). Additional collection: same tinct cystidia than M. asemus; the second of these locality, 22 VI 1981, Singer B 12194 (F). species differs from M. asemus in absence of cys- tidia and a different host. Marasmius chrysoble- This species is related to M. asemus (see below) pharis Sing, has discolorous lamellar edges and and M. araucariae Sing. somewhat narrower spores.

Marasmius asemus Sing., spec. nov. Marasmius centroamericanus Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo laete ferrugineo, marginem versus leniter Pileo atrobrunneo (inter "moose" et "bark" pallidiore, glabro, levi, convexo, centre applanato M&P) vel leniter clariore sed in siccis semper su- vel subumbonato, margine demum frequenter ele- batro, sed in vegetis et siccis coriicolore radialiter vato, 6-13 mm lato. Lamellis albis, angustissimis, variegato secundum sulcos sat profundos, glabro linearibus, frequenter furcatis, sed haud interven- vel subvelutino, primum subhemisphaerico-con- osis, confertissimis, adnexis. Stipite fulvo-casta- vexo, mox centre depresso, dein convexo, centre neo, apice albo, subtiliter pruinato ex integro, ae- abrupte sat profunde depresso, 1 5-34 mm cc. lato. quali, cavo, 30-33 x 0.8-1.2 mm. Mycelio basali Lamellis albidis vel albis, distantibus, haud inter-

60 FIELDIANA: BOTANY venosis, sat latis, subliberis. Sporis in massa albis. subfusoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- Stipite tabacino-brunneo, saepe magis fulvo- menio: Basidiis 28-30 x 6-7 /urn, clavatis, tetras- brunneo ad apicem, glabro, aequali, cavo, 50- poris; basidiolis plerumque fusoideis. Cystidiis 75 x 2-3 mm, apice interdum dilatato usque ad cystidioliformibus, rarissimis, aut sine appendi- 6.5 mm diam.; mycelio basali alba, fibrilloso. Came culo et sine setulis aut appendiculo unico tenuis- pile! alba. simo elongate apicali aut compluribus setulis 2- Sporis 7-9.3 x 2-3 /xm (paucis in typo), levibus, 2.5 nm longis apicalibus ornatis, omnino hyalinis inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15-26 x 4.8-6.5 et tenuitunicatis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heter- jim, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nul- omorpham setuligeris typi Sicci modo, corpore lis. Cheilocystidiis 9-19 x 6-6.5 nm, subcylin- basali e. gr. 17 x 6.5 Mm, tenuitunicato, cylindra- dricis, hyalinis et setulis typi Sicci modo apicalibus ceo vel clavato, setulis obtusis 5-5.5 nm longis. spinulosis hyalinis vel brunneo-hyalinis, 1-3 pm Hyphis monomorphis, tenuitunicatis, fibulatis, altis ornatis. Hyphis tramatis hymenophoralis re- haud gelatinosis, pseudoamyloideis in pileo hy- gularis hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, sat latis (5-15 alinis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi ex elementis di-

Mm diam.), tenuiter tunicatis, fibulatis, pseudoa- morphis efformata, ( 1 ) cellulis clavato-pedicellatis myloideis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elemen- vel subcylindraceis, interdum sursum furcatis, ad tis ut cheilocystidia setulosis efformata; corpore apicem setulis plus minusve erectis typi Sicci modo basali exiguo, 5-9 x 2.5-4.5 nm, plerumque sub- ornatis, cinnamomeis in corpore basali 15-39 x hyalino; setulis 5-8 x 1-1.3 nm, in centre apicis 5.5-1 1 Mm; setulis interdum flexuosis vel digiti- erectis, ceterum saepe obliquis, brunneis, paucis formibus, 3-13 x i_2(-3) Mm, brunneolo-rubris, hyalinis, acutis. Tegumento stipitis nullo. (2) 1 1.5-22 x 5.5-12 nm, setulis destitutis, vesi- Ad lignum (Pini) et acus nee non ad folia di- culosis vel ventricosis, totis hyalinis; pigmento typi cotyledonea delapsa et gramina emortua in silvis primeri in KOH pallescente (in corpore basali us- tropicali-montanis vel subalpinis. que ad melleum pallidum vel bubalinum, in setulis usque ad melleum colorem). TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, prope viam Can- Ad folia emortua in silva tropicali. as-Upala, Rio Chiquito, X 1982, Gomez 18649

(F). TYPUS Costa Rica, Heredia, near Puerto Viejo, OTS Station "La Selva", 22 XII 1979, D. J. Lodge

A collection from Mexico, Puebla, Paso de 284 (F).

Cortes, 3600 m alt., Guzman 4696 (MEX) seems to belong to the same species. This and the type This species is related to M. corrugatus Pat. and of M. centroamericanus differ from M. napoensis M. leoninus Berk., but differs in its characteristic Sing, in relatively narrower spores and the absence colors. of broom cells on the stipe. Marasmius leoninus Berk, differs in the color of the pileus. Marasmius shideiae Sing., spec. nov.

Marasmius cos tank-crisis Sing., spec. nov. Pileo albo, mox partim grisascente vel umbrino (14 G 7 vel 8 E 1 1 M&P) vel nonnihil dilutiore, Pileo sordide purpureo (prope "Morocco R," in glabro, subzonato, convexo, frequenter umbilicato siccis "carbuncle" M&P), in sulcis pallidiore, intra vel centre depresso, usque ad 27 mm lato. La- sulcos obscuriore, glabro, profunde sulcato, sed mellis albidis, in siccis fuscescentibus, moderatim sulcis brevibus, centre venoso-rugoso vel scrobi- latis, confertis, haud intervenosis (2-3 pro mm ad culato, interdum unilateraliter sublevi, e convexo marginem pilei; 25-28 percurrentibus), sinuatis. sat late depresso, 20-21 mm lato. I .arm-Mis cre- Stipite albido, mox vel maturitate subsepiaceo ut meo-albis, sat latis, subventricosis, haud inter- minime in siccis, ex integro pruinato, 26-39 x 1- venosis, liberis vel subliberis. Stipite castaneo, gla- 1.5 mm. Mycelio basali sordide albo. Carne alba berrimo, ad apicem dilatatum purpurascente- in siccis pileis. castaneo et subtiliter punctulato, sub lente parti m Sporis 8.7-1 1 x 3.5 M"I, subfusoideis, ad latus innate sericeo-striato, levi, subaequali, 65 x 0.6- interius plerumque applanatis, levibus, hyalinis 0.7 mm. Mycelio basali praesente. Carne pilei alba. inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 19-33 x 5-6.5 Sporis (7.5-)8-9 x 3_3.?(-4) urn, oblongis vel Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nul-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 61 lis. Cheilocystidiis ad et prope aciem lamellarum ibus, setulis hyalinis vel fulvo-ochraceis. Hyphis numerosis, e. gr. 15 x 5.5 /im (sine setulis), cylin- pilei hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, intertextis, 3-9 ^m. draceis vel subcylindraceis vel clavatis, typi Sicci latis, pariete tenuissima vel firma praeditis sed modo setulosis, hyalinis, setulis 5-20 i*m longis, haud dimorphis, septis (secundariis exceptis) fi- submelleo-ochreis vel stramineis vel hyalinis, acu- bulatis, haud gelatinosis, pseudoamyloideis; eis tis, interdum furcatis, ad latera lamellarum usque stipitis parallelis, pariete 0.2-0.4 ^m crassa in- ad 150 Mm supra aciem ascendentibus. Hyphis structis, in parte inferiore stipitis pigmentatis pig- tramatis hymenophoralis regularis subparallelis, mento intraparietali. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, hyalinis, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, baud gela- ex elementis typi Sicci modo setulosis efformata; x tinosis, usque ad 1 8 fim latis et tenuitunicatis. Ep- corpore basali 12-20 6-15 nm, vesiculoso et icute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis 8-19 x 5- plerumque pedicellate vel clavato, plerumque hy- x 9 nm (sine setulis), typi Sicci modo setulosis, hy- alino; setulis 1-7 1-1.5 nm, erectis, hyalinis vel alinis vel flavidis setulis concoloribus 3.5-6 x 1- fulvo-ochraceis, acutis vel obtusis, numerosis. 1.3 ^m, acutis, parietibus omnibus tenuibus in- Tegumento stipitis cellulis setuligeris et pilis et structis efformata. Tegumento stipitis e derma- dermatocystidiis omnino destitute, subnullo. tocystidiis e. gr. 10 x 4.5 nm (sine setulis), cheil- Ad lignum putridum quercinum inter folia, gra- ocystidiis similibus efformato, sed setulis hyalinis mina, humum gregatim. vel stramineo-hyalinis usque ad 20 pm longis, fre- quenter furcatis, acutis, parietibus omnino firmis, TYPUS USA, Illinois, White Pine State Park, 1 setulis apicalibus tantum at divergentibus. IX 1975, Singer N 7539 (F). Ad Bambuseas (Phyllostachys henonis Mitford). This species is comparable to no other species TYPUS Japan, Kyoto City, Yamashina-ku, Zu- of North America, but comes closest to M. ben- shioku, 24 VIII 1983, Shidei M 645 (F). iensis Sing., M. napoensis Sing., M. leoninus var. aberrans Sing., and M. centroamericanus Sing. This species, related to M. spissus Gilliam and M. heterocheilus Sing., is easily distinguishable from both. It is dedicated to the collector. Marasmius tephromelanus Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo griseo, in siccis fuligineo vel nigro-casta- Marasmius submarginatus Sing., spec. nov. neo, rarius griseo-fusco sordide variegato, centro atrogriseo vel griseo-brunneo, glabro, longe et pro- Pileo primum subcinnamomeo ("spice" vel funde sulcato in maturis, conico-campanulato, dein "gold Br" M&P), dein subferrugineo ("feuille convexo, obtuso vel minute papillate, 7-12 mm morte" vel "spa-tan" M&P) glabro, primum sub- lato, 5-10 mm alto. Lamellis albis vel sordide al- striato dein sulcato, campanulato-convexo et ob- bidis, acie pileo concoloribus, 7-8, distantibus, tuso in juvenilibus, dein convexo et centro ap- mediocriter latis vel latis, spatiis interlamellaribus planato vel leniter depresso generatim circum saepe griseis, haud intervenosis, liberis. Stipite umbonem obtusum humilemque sed magis man- umbrino vel atrobrunneo vel interdum castaneo, ifestum in siccis, 8-2 1 mm latis. Lamellis albis vel apice primum albo vel albido, glabro, 20-22 x pallidis, acie in vegetis albis vel albidis sed sic- (50) x 0.2-0.5(-1) mm. Mycelio basali plerumque cando linea angusta pileo concolori et frequenter sparso, albido vel (in siccis) pallide fulvidulo, to- intermittente marginatis, didymis, latis, plerum- mentoso vel strigoso. Carne inodora. que ventricosis, 13-15 percurrentibus, distan- Sporis 10-14 x 3.3-4.3 pm, plerumque 11-12 tibus vel subdistantibus, adnexis ad discum fer- x 3.5 nm, fusoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloid- rugineum. Stipite brunneo apice albo, dein saturate eis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25-28 x 6.8-7 ^m, tetras- castaneo apice albido, cavo, aequali, 37-61 x 1- poris; basidiolis fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- 1.5 mm. Mycelio basali fibrilloso, albo, fulves- ocystidiis elementis epicutis pilei simillimis. cente. Carne alba, inodora. Hyphis pilei hyalinis vel subhyalinis, pseudoa- Sporis 7.8-9.5(-10.5) x 3.5-5 ^m, ellipsoideis, myloideis, fibulatis, diametro variabili (3.3-1 7 nm). ovato-oblongis, oblongis, fusoideis, levibus, hy- Elementis epicutis subhyalinis, setulis brunneis vel alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 23-33 x subfuligineis acutis vel subacutis apicalibus or- 6-7 ^m. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis elementis natis. epicutis pilei simillimis sed plerumque angustior- Ad lignum arborum dicotyledonearum e. gr.

62 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Nectandrae sed interdum ad folia putrescentia sime superpositione pseudoamyloideis, aliis ina- transiens, solitario. myloideis. Hyphis oleiferis paucis, 6 nm crassis sed hinc inde dilatatis usque ad 13 nm. Epicute TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis 15-26 x 7-19 3 VI 1977, Singer B 9913 (INPA). Additional col- /im, integris, ventricosis vel subventricosis vel lections: Colombia, El Valle, Buenaventura, Finca subvesiculosis, pedicellatis, tenuitunicatis, hyalin-

La Flora, 3 IV 1968, Singer B 6310 (F); and is, inamyloideis efformata; dermatocystidiis dif- Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, Singer B ferentiatis nullis. Tegumento stipitis ex elementis 9838 (INPA). eis epicutis pilei simillimis, vix hymeniformiter dispositis (quamquam certis in locis sat dense ag- The collections Singer B6310 and Singer B 9838 gregata sint), frequenter pedicello magis elongate are slightly different although they agree in all es- praeditis efformato. sential characters including the characteristic gray Ad folia acerosa delapsa Sequoiae, Pseudotsu- color of the pileus. Singer B 6310 does not turn gae, Pini, gregatim, interdum fasciculatim. blackish on drying and Singer B 9838 is larger than the type collection. TYPUS USA, California, Marin County, Au-

11 1 1 C. dubon Canyon Ranch, XI 98 , Calhoun 81-

2606 (F). Additional collections: same locality, 2 1

Sect. Alliacei XI 1981, C. Calhoun 81-2703 (F); same locality,

29 XI 1981, C. Calhoun 81-2770 (F, SFSU). Marasmius calhouniae Sing., spec. nov. Considering the very slightly and only partly Pileo pallide grisello-bubalino, dein fumoso vel pseudoamyloid reaction of some hyphae of the flavido-griseo vel rarius olivaceo-brunneo, plus trama and the habitat which varies between col- minusve hygrophano, siccando pallescente centre lybioid and omphalioid, M. calhouniae may be striisque albicantibus, demum grisello-flavidis, in thought to be intermediate between sect. Alliacei siccis grisellis (in vegetis sec. collectorem 3 C atque and sect. Globulares, and the absence of clamp D 2, dein 4 D atque 2-3, disco striisque 4 B atque connections and the pigments remind one offfy- C 4 Methuen), glabro, plicato-striato ad marginem dropus. However, Hydropus has no continuous hy- et in parte centrali circum discum, margine sub- meniform epicutis. For this reason M. calhouniae incurvo, convexo, dein repando, demum centre is closer to Marasmius sect. Alliacei where some vix vel late depresso, 5-30 mm lato. I .aim-Mis al- species are now known to lack clamps (or have bidis, distantibus, mediocriter latis, adnatis vel very few) and/or to show weakly pseudoamyloid subdecurrentibus. Stipite pileo concolori vel par- stipe-trama reaction. Such species have been com- tim pallido, glabro macroscopice, 25-35 x 1-3 bined in subsect. Hydropodoides Sing. (Flora Neo- mm. Mycelio basali praesente, albido. Came pilei tropica Mon. 32: 120. 1982). These species are: alba, pro ratione fragili in vegetis. M. marasmioides (Sing.) Sing., M. hydropodoides Sporis (8-)9-12.5(-13.8) x 4(-5) urn, plerum- Sing.; and M. dauliporpus Sing. M. calhouniae is que 9-10.2 x 4 nm, oblongis, ad latus interius closely related to these. minus convexis vel subdepressis, depressione su- prahilari destitutis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloid- eis. Hymenio:Basidiis21-43 x 5. 5-6. 5 Mm, (2-)4- Marasmius dauliporpus Sing., spec. nov. sporis; basidiolis fusoideis vel filamentosis vel an- guste clavatis, ad basin fibula nulla. Cystidiis ad Pileo albo, glabro, levi, dein leniter striato-sul- acies et latera lamellarum praesentibus, ad aciem cato sed haud per totum marginem, haud viscido, magis numerosis, 22-66 x (5-)6-11.8 fim, ven- convexo, mox centre depresso, 12-16 mm lato. tricosis, plerumque ad apicem subcapitatum con- I aim-Mis al his. sulxiistan t i bus vel distantibus, an- strictis, obtusis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis sed gustis, haud intervenosis, adnatis vel subdecur- haud crasse tunicatis, nonnullis subrefringentibus, rentibus. Stipite albo, basin versus luteo, dein ful- nonnullis longe pedicellatis, hyalinis, ad basin de- vo (sed prima juventute omnino albo), ex toto fibulatis. Hyphis pilei et tramatis hymenophoralis pruinato, basin versus attenuate, 19-22 x 2.5 mm. regularis hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, defibulatis, in Carne alba. stipite 2-18 jon diam. parallelis, in pileo haud vel Sporis 6-7.5 x 3.5-4.5(-5.3) nm, ellipsoideis, vix pseudoamyloideis, in stipite nonnullis lenis- levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 63 22-33 x 5-7.3 nm, plerumque 22-25.5 x 6-6.8 Sporis 6-8 x 2.5-4 Mm, plerumque 6-7 x 3- = Mm, tetrasporis, paucis bisporis, multis fibula bas- 3.5 Mm (Q 2), subfusoideis, rarius fusoideo- ali destitutis, paucis fibulatis. Cystidiis nullis. ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- x Cheilocystidiis ad aciem lamellarum inter non- menio: Basidiis 13-19 5-6 Mm, tetrasporis (an nulla basidia numerosis, 31-32 x 8-9.5 nm, ven- omnia?); basidiolis fusoideis vel non fusoideis. tricosis et sub apice capitato vel subcapitato (5.5- Cystidiis inconspicuis, 17-20 x 5 ^m, ampulla- 6.5 Mm diam.) constrictis (ibi 4.5-5.5 /im diam.), ceis, tenuitunicatis, rarius fusoideis, paucis et cys- tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis ad septa primaria tidioliformibus. Cheilocystidiis e cellula minuta et secundaria plerumque defibulatis, ad primaria basali 3-5.5 x 2.5-5.5 Mm natis, 8-26 x 1.5-4 in tramate pilei et stipitis raro fibulatis, inamy- Mm, simplicibus vel bifurcatis, strictis rigidulisque, loideis sed in stipite nonnullis fasciolis hypharum pariete tenui vel firma instructis, obtusis vel rarius debiliter pseudoamyloideis, parallelis vel subpar- acutis, incrustatione tenuissima applicata resina- allelis, 3-18 Mm latis; tramate hymenophorali re- cea iodi ope confluente et castanescente obtectis, gulari, hyphis hie paucis debiliter pseudoamyloid- interdum ex hyphis subjacentibus immediate (sine eis vel vix pseudoamyloideis, baud gelatinosis. corpusculo basali) formatis; acie lamellarum het- Hyphis oleiferis sat numerosis, filamentosis, 1.5- eromorpha. Hyphis tramatis hymenophoralis re- 4.5 Mm diam.; etiam nonnullis hyphis 1 8.5-25 Mm gularis filamentosis, 1 .5-3.3 Mm latis, paucis magis latis, contentu amorpho vel filiformi insignibus inflatis, haud gelatinosis, inamyloideis, stipitis praesentibus. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex ele- parallelis, filamentosis, firme tunicatis, paucis ten- mentis 14-39.5 x 8-19.5 Mm, clavatis vel ventri- uiter tunicatis, inamyloideis, fibulatis (paucis sep- cosis vel subvesiculosis, pedicellatis, integris et tis simplicibus visis). Epicute pilei epitheliali sed levibus, nonnullis corpusculo interne amorpho plerumque uni-stratosa, ex elementis vesiculosis, gaudentibus, sed plerumque optice vacuis; der- subisodiametricis vel isodiametricis, tenuiter vel matocystidiis hie haud differentiatis. Tegumento firme tunicatis, in margine pilei hyalinis vel sub- stipitis e numerosis elementis eis epicutis pilei hyalinis, inamyloideis, 20-2 1x19 ^m efformata; simillimis, e. gr. 23 x 19 Mm ad basin haud fi- dermatocystidiis haud visis. Tegumento stipitis ex bulatis, sed multis dermatocystidiis intermixtis, elementis Cheilocystidiis simillimis sed saepius his Cheilocystidiis simillimis, e. gr. 40-85 x 9-21 haud incrustatis et tenuitunicatis, numerosis, 1 0- Mm, i. e. saepe magis voluminosis. 26 x 2-4 Mm efformato. Ad folia quercina delapsa in silva tropicali- Ad lignum putrescens in silvis quercinis (Quer- montana. cus oleioides) tropicalibus gregatim.

TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartago, El Empalme, 2300 TYPUS Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Parque Na- m 23 VII B 12410 tional de Santa 25 VI 1 98 1 B 12470 alt., 1981, Singer (F). Rosa, , Singer

(F). This species is closely related to M. calhouniae and differs in smaller spores, nearly absent pileus- This species is remarkable because of the shape pigment, yellow or fulvous pigmentation of the of its cheilocystidia and the elements of the cov- stipe, absence of pleurocystidia, and different hab- ering of the stipe. itat.

Marasmius hydropodoides Sing., spec. nov. Marasmius guanacastensis Sing., spec. nov. Pileo fusco-fuligineo ("moose" vel "bark" Pileo griseolo margine albido, sed frequenter ex M&P), unicolori, subglabro macroscopice in ve- toto leniter brunneolo-ochrascente, glabro, haud getis sed in maturis frequenter subtiliter rimuloso viscido, levi, convexo, papillate. 9-12 mm lato. in centre et rivulosulo marginem versus, levi in Lamellis albis, horizontalibus, angustissimis, haud centre sed longe et fortiter sulcato marginem ver- intervenosis, adnatis. Stipite albido, dein subgri- sus, haud viscido, convexo, dein leniter depresso seolo vel alutaceo-bubalino, macroscopice glabro vel fortiter depresso in centro et margine primum sed sub lente subtiliter pubescente, fortius ad ap- incurve dein applanato vel convexulo, 27-54 mm icem, aequali, in substrate saepe inserto, 12-25 x lato. Lamellis albis sed frequenter spatio interla- 0.7-1 mm. Mycelio basali sericeo-lanoso vel fi- mellari atro, in maturis intervenosis, subdistan- brilloso, albo, sparse. Carne alba, tenui, inodora. tibus, ad aciem frequenter bisis, adnatis, rarius

64 FIELDIANA: BOTANY breviter decurrentibus. Stipite albo, dein e basi instructis, hyalinis vel pigmento fusco vacuolari gradatim fulvo et demum apicem versus fuscidulo, impletis, interdum minute mucronatis et obtusis subtiliter pubescente, sed demum glabrescente in vel subacutis, ceterum plerumque obtusis. Tegu- parte inferiore, baud atro-maculato, baud viscido, mento stipitis e dermatocystidiis numerosis effbr- baud nitido, solido, aequali vel basin versus min- mato, his 20-80 x 4.5-12 Mm, dermatocystidiis ime attenuate, ad ipsam basin plerumque leniter pilei similibus sed hyalinis, frequenter angustior- dilatato et interdum ibi cum vicinis connate, 50- ibus nonnullis cylindraceis vel flexuosis, pariete 70 x 2-4 mm. Carne alba, immutabili, carnoso- 0.4-1 Mm crassa. tenaci; odore nullo; sapore miti. Ad lignum in silva tropicali. Sporis 5-7.5 x (2.5-)3-4 MHI, ellipsoideis, pau- cis cylindraceis, ovoideis, clavatis, levibus, gutta TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, road Manaus-Car-

centrali olei impletis, hyalinis, inamyloideis, acy- acarai, km 60, 151X1978, leg. M. Freitas da Silva, anophilis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25-31 (-33) x 5.5-8 Singer B 11390 (INPA). Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis cylindraceis vel fre- quentius fusoideis. Cystidiis metuloideis nume- This species as well as M. marasmioides (Sing.) rosis ad aciem et latera lamellarum, (50-)70-1 17 Sing, differ from M. dauliporpus Sing, and M. cal- x 12-22 Mm, obtusis, crassitunicatis in parte me- houniae Sing, in the presence of conspicuous hy- dia, tenuius vel tenuiter tunicatis ad apicem et ad menial metuloids. basin, plerumque ventricosis vel ventricoso-cla- vatis, interdum utriformibus vel ampullaceis, par- iete usque ad 3.5 nm crassa instructis, baud in- Marasmius maasii Sing., spec. nov. crustatis (neque crystallis neque massa resinacea), ad basin profundam fibulatis, interdum appendi- Pileo atrogriseo ("bear" dein "bison" M&P), culo brevi obtuso munitis, strato interne parietis glabro, non viscido, subsulcato vel sulcato, con- nonnihil cyanophilo, ceterum acyanophilis, ina- vexo, umbilicato, 17-27 mm lato. I. aim-Ills pal- myloideis. Hyphis tramatis pilei radiatim dis- lidissime griseis, dein pallide cremeo-griseolis, sat- positis, frequenter fortiter inflatis et brevi-cellu- is angustis vel mediocriter latis, mediocriter densis latis, aliis inter septa elongatis (> 100 jim), e. gr. vel subdistantibus, intervenosis, arcuatis, attin- 41 x 20-33 /urn aut 100 x 25 Mm, fibulatis sed gentibus-subdecurrentibus. Stipite pallidissime ci- nonnullis septis simplicibus praesentibus, ina- nereo, subtiliter sericeo-pruinato ad apicem, cavo, myloideis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis, hyalinis; in subaequali, baud radicante, 3243 x 3 mm. stipite subparallelis, inamyloideis sed nonnullis in Mycelio basali praesente sed sparso. Carne sub- superpositione debilissime pseudoamyloideis; in pallida vel subconcolori pilei et stipitis superficie- tramate hymenophorali regulari, baud gelatinoso bus, tenui, inodora. eis tramatis pilei similibus, intertextis, in hymen- Sporis 7-7. 5 x 4. 5-4. 8 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, opodio plerumque hyphis filamentosis, subparal- hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 29-33 lelis, laxe dispositis praedominantibus. Hyphis x 6-7.5 Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis subfusoideis- oleiferis paucis, flexuosis, 3-10.5 Mm. Hypharum filamentosis vel fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- cellulis terminalium ad aciem lamellarum aut bas- ocystidiis numerosis ad aciem lamellarum heter- idiola aut intermittenter cheilocystidia efforman- omorpham, 18-43 x 8.5-15 Mm, late ventricosis tibus, his 30-32 x 10-11 Mm, vix projicientibus, vel subvesiculosis, pedicellatis, late rotundatis, hy- ventricosis, obtusissimis, tenuiter vel firme tuni- alinis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis, tenuiter vel catis, intus pigmento pallide fuscidulo, vacuolari firme tunicatis, in tramate hymenophorali regulari impletis vel frequentius omnino hyalinis. Epicute distanter septatis et latis (20 Mm) sed nonnullis pilei hymeniformi, rarius hie inde epitheliali-bis- filamentosis angustis (2.5-3 Mm diam.) praesen- trata, ex elementis 23-53 x 10.5-33 Mm, subves- tibus, in KOH subvitreis sed baud gelatinosis; in iculosis vel vesiculosis, vix pedicellatis, paucis hy- stipite subparallelis, in KOH hyalinis. Hyphis olei- alinis, plerumque pigmento fusco vel saturate feris 3.5-6.2 Mm latis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, spadiceo dissolute vel colloidaliter condensato re- ex elementis 19-43 x 7.5-17 Mm late ventricosis pletis efformata; inter ea dermatocystidiis in parte vel subvesiculosis, pigmento dissoluto cinereo marginali pilei satis numerosis, ad centrum nu- vacuolari repletis sed pariete tenui hyalina instruc- merosissimis, 45-90 x 10-24(-32) Mm, ventri- tis, nonnullis omnino hyalinis efformata; derma- cosis, utriformibus, ampullaceis (collo brevi), par- tocystidiis differentials nullis in pilei superficie. iete plerumque 0.2-0.5, rarius usque ad 1 Mm crassa Hypodermic subirregulari, ex hyphis filamentosis

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 65 et inflatis, pigmento elementorum epicutis repletis TYPUS Ecuador, Pastaza, near road Ambato- sed demum e pigmento granulate solido interne Puyo, 2 km from Puyo, 4000 feet alt., 24 VII 1975, variegatis nee non pigmento simili granuloso-in- Dumont EC 1424 (NY). crustatis efformato. Tegumento stipitis ex elemen- tis eis epicutis pilei simillimis et dermatocystidiis This is a species of sect. Gloiocephala, subsect. cheilocystidiis simillimis efformato, sed his ill- Macrosporae, it is related to G. palmarum Sing, isque pigmento minus visibili (KOH) gaudenti- but differs in narrower spores and metuloid hairs bus. in the epicutis of the pileus and the stipe which Ad lignum putrescens arborum dicotyledonear- are somewhat different from those of G. palma- um in silva tropicali typi terrae firmae gregatim. rum. The habitat of the two species is likewise different. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus-

Itacoatiara, km 65, leg. Maas, Singer B 10179 (INPA). Crinipellis galeropsidoides Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo intra elevationem concentricam centralem

Gloiocephala culmicola Sing., spec. nov. atrobrunneo spinoso, marginem versus albo et sparse fulvo-stramineo spinuloso, superficie pilis

Pileo aurantiaco, macroscopice glabro, levi, exceptis siccando salmoneo-roseo (3 G 1 1 vel "crab convexo, dein applanato, 1-1.2 mm lato. Lamellis apple" M&P), spinulis e pilis agglutinatis effor- nullis, una vel duabus venis praesentibus in ma- matis in centre densissimis, marginem versus et turis, superficie hymeniali aurantiaca. Stipite in elevatione sparsis, sicco, ovato vel ellipsoideo brunneo-rubro, piloso, aequali, insititio, fortiter vel oblongo, dein campanulato, margine primum excentrico, 1.5 x 0.15 mm. stipitis apici adhaerente, dein stricto et pectinate, Sporis 11-13 x 3.3-4.2 /on, fusoideis, levibus, elevatione concentrica centrali in vegetis haud hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 22-28 manifesta sed siccando notata ornato, 2-5 mm lato x 7.5-9 /mi, tetrasporis; basidiolis fusoideis vel et 5-9 mm alto. Lamellis albidis, dein brunneolo- subfusoideis. Cystidiis ad marginem pilei tantum albidis, siccando roseolis, ascendentibus, confer- et secundum venas sat numerosis, ceterum raris- tis, angustis, aciem versus vix tenuioribus quam simis, 22-54 x 6-11.5 /mi, ventricosis vel fuso- carnem pilei versus, subliberis. Stipite ad basin ideis sed fortiter constrictis sub capitulum 3.3-8 brunneo, apicem versus gradatim albido vel stra- Mm diam., pariete tenui vel firma rarius subcras- mineo-brunneolo, in zona primum pileo obtecta siuscula (0.2-0.3, rarius usque ad 0.5 /mi crassa), subtiliter piloso, basin versus fortiter lanato-piloso ad apicem incrustatione resinacea succineo-mellea et interdum longitudinaliter costato, farcto, dein obtectis, inamyloideis. Hyphis pilei tramatis fi- cavo, insititio, stricto vel flexuoso, apicem versus lamentosis, tenuitunicatis, fibulatis, inamyloideis; gradatim attenuate, 39-93 x 0.7-1 mm. Carne stipitis parallelis, firme vel crasse tunicatis, auran- albida, tenui, inodora. tiaco-ochraceis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi ex ele- mentis integris, vesiculosis, 16-21 x 11-12 /mi, Sporis 8-12 x 4-5.8 /mi, demum nonnullis us-

hyalinis, tenuitunicatis et inamyloideis nee non que ad 16.5 x 6.5 /mi et septatis, hyalinis vel dermatocystidiis 14.8-22 x 8-11 /mi, ventricosis pallide stramineis in KOH, inamyloideis, levibus, vel subvesiculosis et mucronatis vel bi-mucron- ellipsoideis vel frequentius oblongis. Hymenio: atis, hyalinis, ad basin tenuitunicatis, superne Basidiis 18-24 x 7-10 /mi, 2-4-sporis; basidiolis crassiuscule tunicatis et frequenter aurantio-alu- fusoideis. Cystidiis 28-37 x 9.5-10 /mi, fusoideis, taceis, sparsis efformata; inter hac elementa et der- obtusis, nonnullis excrescentio longo apicali, fili- matocystidia pilis typi Crinipellium emergentibus, formi praevisis, tenuitunicatis, frequenter incrus- x e. gr. 105 6 /mi, crassitunicatis (pariete 1.5 tatione resinacea hyalina instructis. Cheilocysti- /xm diam.), strato parietis interne amyloideo (haud diis quam pleurocystidiamagis versiformibus, 27- pseudoamyloideo), sed omnino hyalinis in KOH 39 x 6-9 /on, saepe utriformibus vel utriformi- et NH 4OH, subulatis vel fusoideis, apice obtusatis subcapitatis vel ampullaceis, fusoideis, densis vel vel acutis. Tegumento stipitis e setis densis, 16- confertissimis, hyalinis vel brunneolo-hyalinis, x 64 4.5-6.5 /mi, auratio-ochraceis, crassituni- nonnullis appendiculo sterigmatoide apicali, rar- catis (pariete 1-1.3 /mi diam.) acutis efformato. issime, 2-3 appendiculis apicalibus ornatis, cet- Ad culmos graminis emortuos. erum obtusis. Hyphis tramatis hymenophoralis

66 FIELDIANA: BOTANY regularis parallelis vel subparallelis, hyalinis, baud 1919, leg. Wang-Te-Hui, Handel-Mazzetti 28) gelatinosis, tenuitunicatis, 4-5 nm latis vel inter- were identified by Bresadola as Collybia zonata dum usque ad 1 9 ^m in flat is. inamyloideis, fibu- Peck, but neither of them is identical with Crini-

latis. Pilis pile! epicutem formantibus, 1 10-469 x pellis zonata (Peck) Pat. 4-7.5(-9) /*m, ad apicem acutissimis vel attenu- ato-subacutis vel rotundato-obtisis, raro lobato- furcatis, baud septatis vel septis simplibus scali- Chaetocalathus eurysporus Sing., spec. nov. formiter approximatis instructis, pariete 0.5-3 ^m

crassa, pseudoamyloidea, in NH 4OH brunnea tun- Pileo dilute coriicolore, sicco pallide ochraceo, icatis, in centre pilei interdum usque ad 600 nm piloso, sulcato, 1.5 mm lato vel paullum latiore. longis. Hypotrichio e catenulis cellularum hy- Lamellis laete aurantio-brunneis, sat distantibus, phalium parallelarum efformatis, septis simplici- sat latis, aciebus subobtusis, concurrenti-liberis. bus vel fibulatis separatis cellulis e. gr. 32 ^m lon- Stipite, rudimento stipitis, pseudostipite nullis. gis et 6-32 nm latis, pariete firma, inamyloidea Carne tenui. vel lenissime pseudoamyloidea, cellulis termina- Sporis8.2-10 x 6.5-9 nm,eisC. liliputianisim- libus interdum baud in pila continuatis sed su- illimis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-31 x 8-1 1 jim, te- perficiem subhymenialem efformatibus. Pilis stip- trasporis, nonnullis subcrassitunicatis. Cystidiis itis similibus eis pilei sed ad apicem stipitis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem lamellarum het- subbrevioribus et subpallidioribus. KOH ope su- eromorpham 16-50 x 4-10 fim, aut vesiculosis perficie sicca, pilei basali albicante, pilis obscu- vel clavatis aut cylindraceis, nonnumquam con- rescentibus, nullo modo virescentibus. strictis, nonnullis ad basin incrassatis, integris vel Ad folia Leguminosarum delapsa in silva ar- appendiculatis (appendiculis uno vel septem, (2-)8- enosa typi campinarana gregatim. 18.5 x 2 nm erectis), aut tenuiter aut firme, haud crasse tunicatis, hyalinis, inamyloideis vel super- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- positione lenissime pseudoamyloideis. Hyphis pi- Caracarai, km 45, 20 XII 1977, leg. /. Araujo lei hyalinis, filamentosis, irregulariter intertextis, Aguiar, Singer B 10380 (INPA). inamyloideis, haud gelatinosis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei ex pilis 80-235 x 3-4 nm efformata; pilis This is a species of sect. Crinipellis subsect. Het- apice rotundato-obtuso vel subacuto et pariete lente eromorphinae. It is remarkable because of its habit manifeste pseudoamyloidea, 1.2-1.5 nm crassa, and the pink colors it shows when dried. haud vel vix incrustata instructis, septis secun- dariis nullis. Hypotrichio ex hyphis diametro pilis aequalibis sed pariete 0.5 Mm tantum crassa in- Crinipellis hygrocyboides (Henn.) Sing., comb. nov. structis, septatis, inamyloideis, hyalinis efformato. Ad ramulum emortuum in cortice. BASIONYM Marasmius hygrocyboides Henn., Engler's Bot. Jahrb. 30: 47. 1901. TYPUS Panama, Panama, prope Altos de Pa-

cora, 2100-2200 ft., 30 VI 1975, leg. Dumont, The type is a species of sect. lonopodinae. Carpenter & Mori, Dumont P 1540 (NY).

Crinipellis sinensis Sing., spec. nov. Hemimycena amazonica Sing., spec. nov. Pileo centre nudo pilisque pilei frequentius acu- tis et latioribus a C. commixta Sing, differt. Ad Pileo albo, sicco subgilvo, primum levi, demum Bambusam. radiatim sulcato, sicco, glabro, convexo, umbon- ato, 2.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, mediocriter dis- TYPUS China, Yunnan, inter "Yungbei" et tantibus et latis, haud intervenosis, adnatis. Stipite "Tschuhsiung (Tsuyung)" infra oppidum "Be- albo, siccando leniter gilvescente ad apicem et yendjing," in regione subtropical!, 1550 m alt., 13 brunnescente ad basin, subglabro, sicco, aequali V 1915, Handel- Mazzetti, Itersinense 1914-1918 sed basi lenissime subbulbosa, centrali, frequenter no. 6298 (wu). curvato, 3.5 x 0.2, ad basin 0.3 mm. Mycelio basali persistenter albo, sericeo-fibrilloso, ra- The type of C. sinensis Sing, as well as a collec- diante, interdum leniter in stipite ascendante. tion of C. corticalis (Desm.) Sing. (Hunan, April Carne tenui, alba, immutabili, inodora.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 67 Sporis6.5 x 3-3. 2 Mm, oblongis (haud fusoideo- tunicatis, multis moderatim inflatis, cellulis sat ventricosis), levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- longiusculis, inamyloideis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei menio: Basidiis 13-18.5 x 5-6.5 Mm; tetrasporis; cutiformi, hyphis supernis unilateraliter diverti- basidiolis haud fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- culatis (diverticulis sat longis et tenuibus), hyalin- ocystidiis admodum inconspicuis, hyphoidibus vel is, 1-8 Mm latis, haud gelatinosis, ex eis derma- apice claviformibus, subtiliter denseque diverti- tocystidiis et pilis erectis natis, illis 13-23 x 7-12 x culatis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, usque ad 19 3.5 Mm, late ventricosis vel subvesiculoso-saccatis, Mm; marginem pilei versus altero typo irregulari, dense typi Rotalis modo diverticulatis, diverti- versiformi, haud diverticulato praesente. Hyphis culis 1-2 Mm longis; his (pilis) longis (e. gr. 43 x filamentosis sed nonnullis inflatis, fibulatis, haud 2.5 Mm ad basin frequenter dilatatis), filiformibus gelatinosis, inamyloideis, in tramate hymeno- vel apice subclaviformi, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. phorali regulariter dispositis, in stipite subparal- In tegumento stipitis pilis simillimis praesentibus. lelis, azurei cresylici ope orthochromaticis, densis, Ad folia coriacea dicotyledonea delapsa in silva firme tunicatis (pariete 0.3 nm crassa), 2.5-10 arenosa tropicali typi campinarana solitario. Mm diam. Epicute pilei ex hyphis appressis vel apice subascendentibus, diverticulatis (diverticu- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- lis ad 1.7 efformata. usque pm altis) Tegumento Caracarai, km 45, 10 VIII 1978, Singer B 11365 stipitis ad apicem eius ex cellulis terminalibus hy- (INPA). pharum ascendentium 11-19(-30) x 5-6(-7) Mm, breviter cylindraceis, firme tunicatis, hyalinis mauretanica and efformato; his ad basin stipitis 25-100 x 0.5-2.5 Hemimycena (Maire) Sing, albicolor Smith are but our new Mm, filamentosis, tenuitunicatis, levibus, non- Mycena related, can be narrow and numquam furcatis mycelialibus. species distinguished by spores small Ad lignum dicotyledoneum in silva tropicali typi very carpophores. terrae firmae.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 3 IV 1978, Singer B 10887 (INPA). Hemimycena guanacastensis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo albo, sub lente pubescente, sicco, levi vel Hemimycena diplocystis Sing., spec. nov. sulcato, margine nonnumquam leniter incurvato, campanulato vel subconico, dein convexo vel se- Pileo albo, sicco, sub lente pilis longis sparsis miglobato, obtuso vel papillate, 1-2 mm lato. La- ornato, ad marginem sulculato, convexo, papilla mellis albis, primum subvenosis, dein angustis, centrali, alta, tenui ornato, 1.2 mm lato. Lamellis subdistantibus vel distantibus, primum haud om- albis mediocriter distantibus et latis, omnibus nibus ad marginem percurrentibus, arcuato-su- marginem pilei attingentibus, adnatis dente sub- bascendentibus, adnatis, dein arcuato-decurren- decurrente. Stipite albo, piloso pilis longis strictis, tibus. Stipite albo, sicco, insititio vel haud insititio, sicco, aequali, 9 x 0.1-0.2 mm; mycelio basali pubescente ex toto, subaequali vel apicem versus albo, fibrilloso. Carne tenuissima, alba, immuta- subattenuato, saepe curvato, 4.5-6 x 0. 1-0.2 mm; bili, inodora. mycelio basali subnullo vel sericeo-fibrilloso sed Sporis 6-9.5 x 1.5-2.5 Mm, plerumque 2-2.2 breviter radiante. Carne tenuissima, alba, im- Mm latis, fusoideis vel subcylindraceis, levibus, hy- mutabili, inodora. alinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 10-14 x Sporis 4-7 x 2.5-3.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, 3-5.5 Mm, 2 4-sporis (plerumque tetrasporis). hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-25 Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 26-37 x 6.5-11.8 x 4.34.5 Mm, 1-4-sporis, plerumque tetrasporis. Mm, deorsum ventricosis, gradatim attenuatis ap- Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis dermatocystidiis icem obtusum versus vel ampullaceis (apice 2.5- piliformibus simillimis. Hyphis in tramate hy- 6 Mm diam.), dispersis sed sat numerosis, hyalinis; menophorali hyalina, regulari haud gelatinosis, marginem pilei versus etiam elementis cystidifor- multis inflatis inter septa distantia vel conferta, mibus dermatocystidiis epicutis simillimis et typi fibulatis, in tramate pilei similaribus, omnibus in- Rotalis modo diverticulatis. Hyphis in tramate amyloideis; in stipite parallelis, elongatis, 4 Mm hymenophorali regulari hyalinis, fibulatis, tenui- latis, minime pseudoamyloideis aliis inamyloideis

68 FIELDIANA: BOTANY intermixtis. Epicute pilei ex hyphis cutiformiter variabilibus dimensionibus. Tegumento stipitis e dispositis, ad superficiem diverticulatis vel ver- dermatocystidiis eis pilei simillimis efformato. rucosis (diverticulis 1-1.2(-1.5) pm altis), fila- Ad lignum emortuum dicotyledoneum in silva mentosis vel fusiformibus et incrassatis efformata tropicali pluviali typi terrae firmae solitario. et dermatocystidiis piliformibus usque ad 35 x 3.5 nm versiformibus, tenuitunicatis obsita. Teg- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, umento stipitis e dermatocystidiis piliformibus 3 VI 1977, Singer B 9911 (INPA). numerosis sed baud densis efformato, his 10-63 x 3-6 Mm, gradatim longioribus basin stipitis ver- This species may be compared with H. anomala sus, apice obtusis, integris, versiformibus, saepe Dennis which is smaller and lacks the very nu- filamentosis basi dilatatis vel anguste ampullaceis, merous cheilocystidia characteristic for H. pleu- rarius anguste ventricosis, omnibus unicellulari- rotiformis. bus, hyalinis, inamyloideis, tenuitunicatis. Ad folia coriacea dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali quercubus dominata gregatim. Mycena agloea Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Parque Na-

VII 1 1 cional de Santa Rosa, 25 98 , Singer B 12464 Pileo albido, demum griseo-albido, debiliter

(F). sulcato, convexo, obtuso, 6 mm lato. Lamellis al- bidis, interdum leniter cinerascentibus, haud in- Hemimycena guanacastensis is close to H. di- tervenosis, 13 percurrentibus, tridymis, collaria- plocystis Sing, and H. mauretanica (Maire) Sing. tis. Stipite pileo concolori, partim hyalino-piloso, e disco dilatato in vegetis manifeste costato nato, filiformi, 21 x 0.2 mm. Carne tenuissima, ino- Hemimycena pleurotiformis Sing., spec. nov. dora. Spur is 8.5-10 x 5-5.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, non- Pileo albo, pallide subalutaceo in centre, sub- nullis amygdaliformibus, levibus, hyalinis, amy- hygrophano, macroscopice glabro, sub lente sub- loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18 x 10 nm, tetras- tiliter pubescente, levi, sicco, convexo, obtuso, 1 3 poris; basidiolis subvesiculosis, nonnullis debiliter mm lato. Lamellis albis, angustis, confertissimis, pseudoamyloideis. Cystidiis admodum raris et 0.5 mm latis, sub lente subtiliter fimbriatis, sub- sparsis, 17 x 14.5 nm, levibus, saccatis. Cheilo- sinuato-decurrentibus vel adnato-decurrentibus. cystidiis 12-19 x 7.5-1 1 Mm, clavatis vel subves- Stipite subalutaceo-albo, pubescente, sicco, excen- iculosis vel ventricosis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, trico, curvato, ad apicem attenuate, 8 mm alto, diverticulis sat numerosis plerumque apicalibus 1.3 mm lato ad apicem, 2 mm lato ad basin; my- sed divergentibus, usque ad 6 nm longis, tenuibus celio basali subvelutino, parco, albo. Carne alba, ornatis. Hyphis omnibus haud gelatinosis, hyalin- inodora. is in KOH, pseudoamyloideis, cellulis volumi- Sporis6.3-7 x 3.3 4.4 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, nosis, brevibus, e. gr. 38 x 27 Mm, fibulatis. Tra- hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-17.5 mate hymenophorali regulari et subhymenio x 4.3-7 ^m, tetrasporis; basidiolis haud fusoideis. pseudoamyloideis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hy- Cystidiis numerosissimis, 25 x 8.5 nm, fuso- phis filamentosis, hyalinis, ad superficiem nodu- ideis vel fusoideo-mucronatis mucrone angusto, losis et diverticulatis efformata. Hypodermic a subacuto 1.5-2 nm lato), inamyloideis, haud crasse tramate pilei vix differentiate. Tegumento stipitis tunicatis. Cheilocystidiis 32-44 x 5-5.5 jim, sub ex hyphis longis, prope basin septatis, apicem acu- apice subcapitato vel late clavato 4.7-8.8 /um diam. tum vel obtusum versus attenuatis, hyalinis, lev- constrictis (constrictione 3-3.5 pm diam.) et sub ibus, 30-82 x 0.5-3.5 Mm efformato, nonnullis ex constrictione ventricosis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, eis ramosis, omnibus tenuitunicatis. capitulo vel clavula superiore dense diverticulato Ad folia coriacea dicotyledonea delapsa in silva diverticulis 0.8-2.5 pm altis. Hyphis hyalinis, in- arenosa tropicali typi campinarana. amyloideis, haud gelatinosis, fibulatis, inamyloid- eis; tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute pilei TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- ex elementis hyphalibus efformata et dermatocys- Caracarai, km 45, 25 VII 1977, Singer B 10124 tidiis obsita; his cheilocystidiis simillimis sed magis (INPA).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 69 This species is related to M. mucor (Batsch ex virgato et per quatuor quintas radii sulcato, sub- Fr.) Gillet which, at least the form described from pectinato, haud viscido, centre subvenuloso, pri- Europe by Kiihner, is certainly different. mum conico et alte papillate, dein convexo et cir- cum papillam moderatim altam applanato, 8-9 mm lato. Lamellis pallidis, acie pileo concolori et Mycena castaneomarginata Sing., spec. nov. subtiliter crenulatis, subdistantibus, didymis, sub

lente brunneo-punctatis, debiliter (i.e., haud alte) Pileo aetate vel siccando atrobrunneo, centre intervenosis, percurrentibus marginem versus an- fuligineo, glabro, convexo, centre applanato, mox gustis, ceterum satis angustis vel mediocriter latis, umbilicato, 2-2.5 mm lato. Lamellis sordide bux- adnexis vel subcollariatis. Stipite pileo concolori, eo-flavis, acie castaneis, horizontalibus, medi- levi et glabro, aequali sed ad basin saepe dilatato, ocriter latis vel sat latis, mediocriter distantibus, 4-5 x 0.5-1 mm, ad basin usque ad 1 .5 mm diam. adnatis. Stipite pileo concolori, levi, glabro, haud Mycelio basali piloso-strigoso, hyalino vel brun- glutinoso, 11-12 x 0.1-0.2 mm. Mycelio basali neo. Came tenui, inodora. fibrilloso-strigoso, concolori. Came tenui. Sporis (5.8-)7-8 x (4.5-)5-6.5 nm, breviter el- = Sporis 6.5-7.5 x 44.5 /im, inamyloideis vel lipsoideis (Q 1.2-1.5), levibus, hyalinis, ina- partim lenissime amyloideis, levibus, ellipsoideis. myloideis, nonnullis autem lenissime amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 22-23 x 6-7.5 ^m tetrasporis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24 x 8 fim, tetrasporis. Cys- Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis numerosis, 17- tidiis ad latera et aciem lamellarum sat numerosis, 32(-50) x 5.5-8(-10)/im, versiformibus, frequen- dimorphis, (1) 27-48 x 8-12 ^m, integris, ven- ter fusoideis, ampullaceis, clavatis, utriformibus, tricosis vel subclavatis, paucis leniter constrictis, appendiculo nullo, vel uno rosariiformi vel uno, frequenter pallide melleo-incrustatis, haud pseu- duobus, tribus appendiculis digitiformibus api- doamyloideis sed ioidi ope sepiaceo-granulosis in calibus, obtusis, pigmento dissolute intracellulari succo hyalino, rotundato-obtusis apice; (2) 25-30 fulvidulo vel rubello-brunneo repletis. Hyphis tra- x 3-5 nm, sed ad apicem usque ad 3.5-8.5 ^m matis filamentosis et plurimis latis (1 1-12 ^m) sed diam. appendiculis apicalibus et subapicalibus septis neque densis (nee cellulis voluminosis) ne- divergentibus clavatis vel subvesiculosis causa QUC distantibus (ita ut in sarcodimiticis), manifeste (appendiculis 5.5-8 x 2-5 nm), clavatis vel sub- pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, fulvidulis, haud ge- cylindraceis, ex integro lamina resinacea melleo- latinosis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis fortiter straminea incrustatis sed pariete propria tenui et sed saepe irregulariter diverticulatis, 2 pm crassis, hyalina. Hyphis e cellulis Mycenae typicae modo pallide fuscidulis vel pallide castaneis, diverticulis voluminosis catenulatis efformatis, manifeste supernis tantum, hyalinis 6x1 /^m; epicute haud pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Ep- pseudoamyloidea. icute pilei cutiformi, 20 nm alta, ex hyphis fi- Ad folium dicotyledoneum delapsum in silva lamentosis haud densis sed vix visibiliter gelatin- tropicali amazonica arenosa typi campinarana so- isatis (KOH), superne conspicue diverticulatis, litario. diverticulis cystidiorum typi secundi appendiculis similibus sed usque ad 15 x 3-3.5 pm, hyalinis, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- inamyloideis, hyphis sine diverticulis 2.5-3 nm

Caracarai, km 45, 6 XI 1 977, leg. Ermelinda Freire, diam. Singer B 10268 (INPA). Ad lignum in silva tropicali-montana gregatim.

This species differs in many characters from taxa TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, Alto Berlin, 26 already described in Mycena, but unfortunately it VII 1981, Singer B 12493 (F). is solitary and rare, fruiting in the drier season. For this reason a few data on young, moist car- This is a remarkable, rather striking species, re- pophores and a full understanding of the vari- lated to the preceding one. ability of M. castaneomarginata are still wanting.

Mycena cnaphocystis Sing., spec. nov. Mycena castaneostipitata Sing., spec. nov. Pileo fuscidulo-griseo in sulcis vel striolis, cet- Pileo sordide violaceobrunneo, in centre et ad erum pallidiore vel pallido, glabro, haud viscoso, marginem pallidiore, sub lente pruinato, radiatim convexo, obtuso, demum saepe centre depresso,

70 FIELDIANA: BOTANY 5-6 mm lato. Lamellis albis vel pallidis, interdum dentibus, rotundato- vel arcuato-adnatis, rarius demum subgrisentibus, acie concolori Integra no- adnexis. Stipite pallide griseo vel ad apicem al- tatis, latis vel stipitem versus latissimis, subdis- bido, basin versus frequenter fusco vel griseo (e. tantibus, rarius distantibus, arcuatis, adnatis, rar- gr. "Madrid" M&P), macroscopice glabro, sub lente ius subdecurrentibus. Stipite albo, baud glutinoso, subtiliter pruinato, glabrescente, aequali, cavo, glaberrimo, subnitente, cavo, filamentoso, ae- 1 2-48 x 0.6-1 .8 mm. Mycelio basali albo vel sor- quali, 25-45 x 0.1 mm. Mycelio basali albo, fi- dide albido. Carne tenui, in stipite succosa sed brilloso. Carne inodora. latice haud observato; odore nullo. Sporis 4.5-7.5 x 2.3-3.5 urn, plerumque 5.5-6 Sporis 6.5-10.5 x 4-6.5 Mm, ellipsoideis vel x 2.5-3.5 Mm, ellipsoideis vel oblongis, levibus, oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: hyalinis, amyloideis, contentu demum subflaves- Basidiis 22-35 x 7-8.8 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis cente(KOH). Hymenio: Basidiis 13-15.5 x 4-6.5 nullis, sed pseudocystidiis ad latera et aciem la- Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis 15-28 x 5-12 pm, am- mellarum numerosis, 15-50 x 5-10.5(-16) Mm, pullaceis vel utriformibus, ad apicem tenuituni- versiformibus, frequenter fusoideis vel ventricosis catis, ceterum crassitunicatis (pariete hie 1-1 .2 fim vel ampullaceis, rarius, praesertim ad latera la- diam. et debiliter pseudoamyloidea in nonnullis, mellarum late clavatis, plerumque mucronatis, raro inamyloidea in aliis), obtusis, per Ires quartas partes apice bifurcatis, acutis vel obtusis, interdum re- superiores diverticulis ad apicem longioribus, ba- sinaceo-incrustatis, contentu granuloso hyalino vel sin versus brevioribus obsitis, diverticulis tenui- melleo vel flavobrunneolo, lipoideo(?) repletis. bus vel crassiusculis, 0.5-6 nm longis. Cheilocys- Cheilocystidiis ad aciem et prope aciem hetero- tidiis 19-37 x 5-15 Mm, plerumque 24-^48 x 6- morpham numerosis plerumque fusoideis, 30-50 12 Mm, ventricosis vel late fusoideis vel saccatis, x 6.5-12 Mm, contentu visibili destitutis. Hyphis typi Rotalis modo ex integro paene subtiliter div- typi Mycenarum communis, pseudoamyloideis, erticulatis (diverticulis 0.5-2 Mm longis, tenuibus), fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Hyphis oleiferis (lati- hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis typi Mycenae typ- ciferis?) irregularibus, moderatim numerosis, con- icae, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei cu- tentu ei pseudocystidiorum simillimo repletis. Ep- tiformi, hyphis supernis dense sed haud alte div- icute pilei tenuiter cutiformi, ex hyphis erticulatis, diverticulis obtusis, usque ad 1 Mm altis, filamentosis, ad superficiem diverticulatis vel ru- Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis pigmentatis, la- gosis, diverticulis sat numerosis sed irregulariter tis, septis proximis divisis efformato; pigmento dispositis, inamyloideis, obtusis, unilateralibus vacuolari, griseofusco. obsitis, 1 .7-4.3 Mm diam., hyalinis, strictis vel flex- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali uosis efTormata. Hypodermio cutiformi, tenui, hy- typi terrae firmae. alino, ex hyphis Mycenarum modo voluminosis effbrmato. Strato subhypodermiali ab hypodermic TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, differt praesentia pigmenti vacuolaris sepiacei vel 15 XII 1977, Singer B 10317 (INPA). Additional fusci. Interdum hoc stratum cum hyphis hypod- collection: same locality, 15 XII 1977, Singer B ermii intermixtum et hoc modo hypodermium et 10325 (INPA). stratum subhypodermiale vix discernibilia sunt. Tegumento stipitis subnullo, sed zona gelatinosa semper destitute et frequenter hyphis filamentosis Mycena delica Sing., spec. nov. nodoso-diverticulatis stratum externum interdum ascendens formante quod pruinam fugacem con- Pileo griseo, sed inter strias et in centre saepe stituit. pallidiore vel pallido, interdum saturate fusco-gri- Ad folia et stipulas minores Dicotyledonum de- seo et marginem versus murino vel murino et mar- lapsas in silvis et plantationibus tropicalibus. ginem versus pallidiore (e. gr. "goat" M&P), sul- cato vel striato ad marginem interdum TYPUS Brazil, Bahia, Itabuna, in a plantation subpectinato, glabro, haud viscoso, convexo, ob- of Theobroma cacao, 1 VI 1978, Singer B 11121 tuso vel subumbonato vel fortiter umbonato, rar- (INPA). Additional collections: in Amazonia, 30 ius centre leniter depresso, 10-17.5 mm lato. La- km N of Manaus, in May and June, Singer B 9622, mellis albis vel grisellis vel cremeis ("champagne" 9665, 10029 (INPA). M&P), subdistantibus, rarius mediocriter distan- tibus vel distantibus, haud intervenosis vel inter- Mycena erubescens Hoehn. is somewhat related; venosis, latis, rarius angustis, primum subascen- M. frondaria Metrod should be compared.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 71 Mycena depilate Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Colombia, Cundinamarca, between Zi- paquira and Pacho, 29 to 30 km from Zipaquira, Pileo albo, sicco, pruinato, campanulato vel 10,000 ft alt., 9 VI 1976, Dumont CO 4476 (NY). convexo, obtuso, 1 mm lato. Lamellis albis, dis- lantibus, mediocriter latis, subliberis. Stipite albo, subglabro, sicco, filamentoso, usque ad 10 mm Mycena fuscocystidiata Sing., spec. nov. longo, 0.05-0.1 mm diam. Mycelio basali infra circulum angustissimum tenuissimo, baud stria- Pileo sordide purpureo, sicco atrofusco-umbri- turn nee costatum discum formante, albo, sub lente no centra subnigro, glabro, convexo, obtuso, 5.5 tantum visibili et macroscopice stipitem insiti- mm lato. Lamellis pallidis sed acie pileo concolori, tium aemulante. Carne in pileo subnulla, in stipite lateribus siccis sordidis, latis, subdistantibus vel alba, marcescente. mediocriter distantibus, intermixes, decurrenti- Sporis 6.2-9.5 x 3.5-5.7 nm, plerumque 7-7.5 bus. Stipite pileo concolori, glabro, aequali vel x 44.3 Mm, debiliter amyloideis. Hymenio: Bas- subaequali, 14 x 0.7 mm. Mycelio basali sparso, idiis 12-14 x 8-8.5 /mi, vesiculosis, tetrasporis. pallido vel sordido. Carne inodora. Cystidiis nullis sed cheilocystidiis ad et prope aciem Sporis 4.5-6.5(-7.5) x 34 Mm, plerumque 6- lamellarum moderatim numerosis, 10-20 x 6-8 6.5 x 3.5-4 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, ^m, typi Rotalis modo diverticulatis, ventricosis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 14-19 x 5-6 Mm, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis typi Myenarum tetrasporis. Cystidiis ad latera et aciem lamellar- inflatis, pseudoamyloideis, in pileo perpaucis, in um praesentibus, ad aciem numerosissimis et om- stipite parallelis, fibulis hie destitutis et plerumque nibus fere pigmento dissolute fusco vacuolari re- angustis, inter septa elongatis. Tramate hymeno- pletis, ad latera frequenter hyalinis, 1 5-27 x 5- phorali regulari. Stratis gelatinosis nullis. Epicute 1 1 Mm, versiformibus, frequenter fusoideis, am- pilei e hyphis ubique diverticulatis, filamentosis pullaceis, clavatis, nonnullis utriformibus, multis efformata et dermatocystidiis ovoideis vel globosis ventricosis, obtusis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis My- ex integro diverticulatis, mox liberis, 20-39 x cenarum constructione typica gaudentibus, pseu- (12-) 17-24 MHI, paucis cum hyphis continuis et doamyloideis, fibulatis, interdum nonnullis fila- his minoribus. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocys- mentosis intermixtis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei tidiis cheilocystidiis simillimis sed 12-33 x 8.5- ex hyphis externis diverticulatis (diverticulis us- 1 9 Mm, late ventricosis, diverticulatis et perpaucis que ad 5.5 x 1-3.4 Mm) efformata, a hypodermic hyphis ascendentibus levissimis efformato. paullum diffentiata. Hypodermic ex hyphis latis- Ad fructum arboris dicotyledoneae in silva tro- simis et filiformibus intermixtis cutiformiter dis- picali typi terrae firmae. positis efformato, pigmento in cellulis colloideo,

amorpho, fusco (in siccis, in NH 4OH). TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus Ad lignum emortuum Dicotyledonum in silva ("EMBRAPA"), 18 V 1977, Singer B 9634 (INPA). tropicali, pluviali.

Mycena osmundicola Lange and M. microstena TYPUS Colombia, El Valle, Buenaventura,

Sing, are related. Calima, 17 IV 1968, Singer B 6184 (F).

Mycena poecila Sing., an Amazonian species, is Mycena dumontii Sing., spec. nov. related.

Carpophoris pallidis, in pileo et stipite derma- x tocystidiis piliformibus giganteis (55-200 8-20 Mycena gloeoloma Sing., spec. nov. Mm) cylindraceis vel subcylindraceis, obtusis, hy- alinis, integris, levibus ornatis. Stipite e disco bas- Pileo atrogriseo, extreme margine non- ali ei quern M. mucor format simili, levi nato. numquam pallido, sulcato, glabro, convexo, pro- Lamellis paucis, angustis. Sporis 7-9 x 4-5.5 Mm, funde umbilicato in siccis, leniter in vegetis, 5 x amyloideis. Basidiis 15 6.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Hy- mm lato. Lamellis albis, siccis cinereis acie albida, phis omnibus stipitis et multis pilei fortiter pseu- subdistantibus, subarcuatis, latissimis, adnatis doamyloideis, structure typica Mycenarum gau- dente subdecurrente, demum decurrentibus. Stip- dentibus. ite albo, sub lente subtiliter piloso, haud viscoso, Ad Pteridophyta in silva tropicali-montana. subaequali vel gradatim apicem versus attenuate,

72 FIELDIANA: BOTANY 30 x 0.3-1 mm. Mycelio basali nullo viso et hyphis filiformibus, levibus vel vix diverticulatis, stipite insititio sub lente. Carne inodora. nonnullis cellulis hyphalibus breviter ascendenti- Sporis 5.5-8.8 x 3-3.5 Mm, ellipsoideis vel ob- bus inconspicuis terminalibus exceptis totis pros- longis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: tratis, omnibus hyalinis. Superficie stipitis gelati- Cystidiis baud visis. Cheilocystidiis in zona acieis nosa. gelatinosa insertis, ex hyphis gelatinosis filamen- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali, tosis natis, 9.5-1 1 x 4.5-5 Mm, subcylindraeis vel pluviali typi terrae firmae solitario. subclavatis et typi Sicci modo setulis inamyloideis apicalibus ornatis, ceterum inamyloideis vel pseu- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, doamyloideis, diverticulis hyalinis et 4/xmaltis. 9 II 1978, Singer B 10634 (INPA). Hyphis Mycenarum typicarum modo inflatis, for- titer pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, in pileo pigmen- to intracellulari sepiaceo imbutis, sed supra trama Mycena gomezii Sing., spec. nov. proprium zona alta gelatinosa (70 Mm diam.) ex hyphis filamentosis, laxe dispositis, inamyloideis Pileo centro biso-fuscidulo, margine albido- effbrmata evoluta. Epicute pile! inmediate supra bubalino, vel subconcolori et pallidiore, per sex zonam gelatinosam tenui, ex hyphis prostratis ten- septimas radii sulculato et per quartam partem uibus, supra fortiter et dense diverticulatis effor- radii pellucide striatulo, sicco, glabro, levi in cen- mata. Tegumento stipitis supra hyphas longitu- tro, convexo, 7-14 mm lato. I .aim-Mis albidis, sub- dinales, baud gelatinosas, parallelas e pilis sparsis, confertis vel subdistantibus, angustis vel sat latis, brevibus cystidiformibus efformato, his 18-35 x acie concoloribus lateribus et subtiliter serrulatis, 5.5-8 Mm, hyalinis, inamyloideis, erectis, utrifor- primum haud, dein laxe distanterque et subtiliter mibus vel e basi dilatata cylindraceis vel ventri- intervenosis, decurrentibus. Stipite albo, dein ba- cosis (basi, ubi praesens, usque ad 14 Mm diam.) sin versus murino, macroscopice glabro, sed sub Ad petioles foliorum dicotyledoneorum delap- lente subtiliter pubescente, glutinoso, aequali vel x sorum gregatim in silvis tropicalibus pluvialibus. basin versus attenuate, 1 1-19 0.8-1. 4 mm. My- celio basali abundante, albo. Carne alba, immu- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, tabili, inodora. 26 XII 1977, Singer B 10407 (INPA). Sporis 6-9 x 2.3-3.5 Mm, fusoideis vel anguste ventricosis apice angustatis, ad hilum saepe leniter The pileus seemed hairy when observed in fresh incurvis, interdum simpliciter ellipsoideo-oblon- condition, but when dried, seen under binocular, gis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Bas- no hairiness was visible. idiis 19-22 x 5.5-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad et prope aciem hetero- morpham 35-53 x 6-10Mm, versiformibus, saepe Mycena glutinocothurnata Sing., spec. nov. ventricosis vel utriformibus, frequenter mucron- atis, in constrictione 4.5-8 Mm diam., aliis am- Pileo albo, glabro, sicco, sulcato, convexo, um- pullaceis apice 44.5 Mm diam., obtusis, haud in- bilicato, 4-5 mm lato. I .aim-Mis albis, latis, me- crustatis, tenuitunicatis, aliis subcylindraceis, diocriter distantibus, arcuatis, decurrentibus. omnibus hyalinis vel subhyalinis, inamyloideis, Stipite albo, levi, glabro, strato crasso glutinoso numquam crasse tunicatis. Hyphis tramatis hy- ex integro cothurnato, aequali, 16-17 x 0.2 mm. menophoralis regularis hyalinis, pseudoamyloid- Mycelio basali ex hyphis radiantibus albis effor- eis, fibulatis, filamentosis cum latis intermixes. mato. Carne alba, tenui, haud gelatinosa, inodora. Subhymenio apparenter subcellulari, multisepta- Sporis 7-12 x 2.3-3.5 Mm, plerumque 9.5-10 to. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis 25- x x 3-3.5 Mm, angustis, cylindraceis vel clavato- 44 6- 12 Mm Cheilocystidiis simillimisefformata, cuneiformibus, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hy- haud gelatinosa. Hypodermic cutiformi, in strato menio: Basidiis 11-13 x 4-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis. superiore inamyloideo vel debiliter pseudoamy- Cystidiisnullis.Cheilocystidiise.gr. 17 x 6. 5 Mm, loideo, in strato inferiore fortiter pseudoamylo- ventricoso-subclavatis vel cylindraceo-clavatis, ideo et hie ex hyphis filiformibus (3.5-4.5 Mm hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis Mycenarum typ- diam.) nee non Mycenarum typicarum modo in- x icarum structure gaudentibus, fibulatis, pseudoa- flatis (cellulis e. gr. 36-50 6-12 Mm) efformato, myloideis, in pileo et tramate hymenophorali re- haud gelatinoso; pigmento in cellulis epicutis et gulari haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hypodermii centri pilei fuscidulo, vacuolari. Teg-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 73 umento stipitis e dermatocystidiis sparsis effor- Mycena griseoradiatella Sing., spec. nov. mato, his dermatocystidiis pilei simillimis sed om- nibus hyalinis. Pileo griseo, subglabro, haud viscoso, convexo, Ad folia delapsa arboris dicotyledoneae (baud obtuso, mox applanato centre depresso, 3mm lato. quercina) in Querceto tropicali-montano, grega- Lamellis albis, confertis vel subconfertis, attenu- tim. ato-subliberis. Stipite albo, sicco, apicem versus sparse, basin versus dense pubescente, e basi sub-

disciformi sed alba 1 3 x TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartago, El Empalme, 2300 levi, angustissima, nato, 0.1-0.5 mm. basali ex e basi di- m alt., 23 VII 1981, Singer B 12387 (F). Mycelio hyphis latata radiantibus efformato, albo. Came tenuis- sima, alba, immutabilis, inodora. Mycena irritans Horak is related, but the der- Sporis 6. 3-7 x 3. 3-4. 3 /on, ellipsoideis, levibus, matocystidia of the pileus, strikingly elongated in hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 14 x 7 this Costa Rican species, were not observed in Aim, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis vel paucis, cheil- Horak's Mycena. ocystidiis simillimis. Cheilocystidiis e basi bul- bosa vel fusoidea longe effilatis, usque ad 60 nm longis et 1-1.5 pm latis, bulbo basali e. gr. 15 x nov. Mycena griseoradiata Sing., spec. 6 nm, fusco vel hyalino. Hyphis typi Mycenarum inflatis, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, haud gelati- Pileo 2-7 mm lato, pectinate, griseo, profunde nosis. Epicute pilei ex dermatocystidiis in parte centre sub tramate baud depresso, epicute gela- aggregatis subhymeniformiter, in parte dispersis, tinoso ab affinibus aberrante; lamellis albis, liberis; cheilocystidiis simillimis et paucis hyphis plerum- 5-9 x 4-6 nullis; sporis nm, amyloideis; cystidiis que brevissime (0.5 fim) diverticulatis, repentibus 16-35 x 8-13 ventricosis vel cheilocystidiis nm, efformata sed intermittente et hie inde hypoder- mucronatis vel apice fusoideis, plerumque appen- mium exponente. Hypodermic ex hyphis inflatis, diculatis tramatis structura (typi "Siccus"); My- immo globosis effbrmato, cutiformi, pigmentato, cenarum epicute inflatus et typicarum; hyphis pigmento intraparietali, fuligineo vel sepiaceo. paucis cystidiformibus, jacentibus, appressis in Tegumento stipitis in duabus tertiis superioribus parte superiore, subliberis, ex toto subtiliter div- stipitis sparse, infra dense dermatocystidiis effor- erticulatis consistente, his pilei versus marginem mato, his cheilocystidiis simillimis, ex hyphis lon- tantum visis; spadiceo vel fusco, vacu- pigmento gitudinalibus inamyloideis natis. olari. albo sed basin interdum Stipite prope pileo Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva typi ter- x 0.5-0.8 insititio concolori, 15-26 mm., haud rae firmae solitario. sed e disco minimo vix manifesto pubescente (e mycelio) nato. Dermatocystidiis eis pilei et cheil- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, ocystidiis simillimis, 24-39 x 8-9 pan. Odore nul- 20 II 1978, Singer B 10674 (INPA). lo. Sporis in massa albis. Ad lignum putridum interdum strato terrae ob- tectum in silva tropicali. This species is related to the preceding one. It differs in a slightly smaller pileus, smaller spores, long effilate cheilo- and dermatocystidia, intra- TYPUS Costa Rica, Heredia, OTS station "La parietal pigment, and habitat on dead leaves. Selva," near Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, 23 XII 1979, D. J. Lodge 274 (F). Additional collections: same locality, Singer B 15511 (F); Colombia, El Valle, Buenaventura, near Calima, 18 IV 1968, Mycena hem it rich ial is Sing., spec. nov. Singer B 6218 (F).

Pileo cinereo centre pallido, albo-granuloso- This species appears to be close to other species flocculoso sub lente, longe sulculato, conico-cam- of sect. Radiatae. Similar species of that section panulato, 3 mm lato. Lamellis albidis, angustis, however have a gelatinous zone which is absent ascendentibus, mediocriter distantibus, liberis vel in M. griseoradiata. The latter has recently been subliberis. Stipite candido, longe piloso, filamen- x re-collected in Costa Rica and Brazil (F, INPA). toso sicco, aequali, disco basali nullo, 27-28

74 FIELDIANA: BOTANY 0.1-0.2 mm. Mycelio basali albo abundante cum Mycena hydropodoides Sing., spec. nov. pilis stipitis continue. Carne tenuissima, inodora. Sporis 6.5-8 x 4.5-5.5 urn, ellipsoideis, levibus, Pileo griseo, subglabro, sub lente demum sub- debiliter amyloideis, paucis inamyloideis. Hy- rivuloso, sulcato per tres quartas partes radii, con- x menio: Basidiis 10-17 5.5-9.5 Mm, breviter cla- vexo dein applanato, umbilicato, 1 1 mm lato. La- vatis, nonnullis 1 -sterigmaticis et appendiculo mellis albis, distantibus, demum leniter dactylomorpho uno apicali praeditis (germinan- intervenosis, saepe furcatis, decurrentibus. Stipite tibus?), plerumque tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. albo, in parte inferiore sordide grisello, macro- x Cheilocystidiis, 15-16 5-5.5 Mm, anguste cla- scopice glabro, aequali, 28 x 1 mm, haud insititio. vatis vel subfusoideis, ad basin levibus, ceterum Odore vix manifesto. typi Rotalis modo diverticulatis, diverticulis 1-2 Sporis 5-7 x 2.5-3.5 Mm, cylindraceis vel ellip- Mm altis, nonnullis appendiculo dactylomorpho soideis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: usque ad 18 x 2 Mm, subfilamentoso, levi, apicali Basidiis 13.5-22 x 5.5-7.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cys- ornatis. Hyphis latis, inter septa baud longissimis, tidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis sat numerosis, 18-19.8 hyalinis, in tramate hymenophorali moderatim x 6-6.3 Mm (corpore basali), typi Sicci modo se- pseudoamyloideis, regulariter dispositis, fibulatis. tulis apicalibus 5 Mm longis acutis appendicu- Tramate pilei paullum evoluto; stipitis fortiter latis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis Mycenarum pseudoamyloideis, latis. Epicute pilei tenui, hy- typicarum modo latis praesertim prope hypoder- alina, ex hyphis ad latus externum diverticulatis mium evolutis, cellulis minus inflatis in aliis par- (diverticulis brevibus, 0.5-0.9 nm) vel perpaucis tibus, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, haud gelatinos- levibus efformata sed strato superposito (velari?) is. Epicute pilei ex hyphis superne diverticulatis granuloso e cellulis vesiculosis, dense breviter (0.2- efformata, sed intermittente et in certis locis hy- 0.5 Mm) diverticulatis sed nonnullis levibus, 6.5- phis hypodermii expositis; ibi cellulis hypodermii 16 x 5.5-10 fim efFormatis; his et hyphis epicutis superne diverticulatis. Hypodermic ex hyphis cu- inamyloideis. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis tem formantibus, cellulis catenulatis voluminosis multiseptatis 5-12 fj.m latis efformato, his cum (e. gr. 25-30 x 18-20 Mm) consistentibus, e pig- hyphis epicutis pigmento fusco vel sepiaceo vel mento vacuolari fuscis efformato; ubi diverticula pallide biso, vacuolari, dissolute vel colloidaliter praesunt, 5 Mm alta sunt. condensato repletis. Tegumento stipitis e pilis us- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali que ad 300 Mm longis, 3-10 Mm latis, dense div- typi terrae firmae. erticulatis, acutis, lanceolatis efformato; diverti- culis acutis, spiniformibus, ad apicem cellulae TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, longioribus, ad basin brevioribus, conspicuis, par- 26 XII 1977, Singer B 10421 (INPA). iete tenui, hyalina. Ad folia delapsa dicotyledonea in silva tropicali This species is close to M. microtephra Sing. It pluviali typi terrae firmae. differs in narrower spores, and the colors of the fresh pileus and stipe.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 23 III 1978, Singer B 10851 (INPA). Mycena icterinoides Sing., spec. nov.

In the neotropics several forms and microspe- Pileo flavo, haud viscido, glabro, levi, convexo, cies of the stirps Osmundicola can be distin- profunde umbilicato, 14 mm lato. I .aim-Ills guished, and in Amazonia most of our collections concoloribus, distantibus, sat latis, decurrentibus. are lignicolous. One of the foliicolous ones is M. Stipite concolori, glabro, haud viscido, aequali, hemitrichialis. Others may be worth distinguish- haud insititio, 22 x 1.3 mm. Carne inodora. ing, but we refrain from publishing them until a Sporis 4.7-6.5 x 4.3-6.2 Mm, globosis, levibus, special study of the whole stirps is finished. How- hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 26-37 x ever, see also M. depilata Sing. (p. 72) and A/. 7 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis sed Cheilocys- microstena Sing. (p. 81) which appear to be out- tidiis ad et prope aciem lamellarum praesentibus, x standing and sufficiently different from the various 28-45 5.5-21 Mm, numerosis, subvesiculosis et forms described under M. alphitophora (Berk.) levibus, plus minusve mucronatis, rarius late am- Sacc. = M. osmundiale Lange. pullaceis, tenuitunicatis, flavidulo-hyalinis, ina-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 75 myloideis. Hyphis sat latis, in pileo radiatim dis- eis epicutis pilei modo dense diverticulatis (div- positis, inamyloideis, fibulatis, baud gelatinosis. erticulis 1.5-11 urn altis). Epicute pilei vix differentiata sed hyphis extermis Ad folia delapsa in vegetatione typi igapo. supeme manifeste denseque diverticulatis, diver- ticulis 2.5 urn altis. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- Ad lignum emortuum Dicotyledonum in silva mazinho, 19 HI 1980, leg. /. Araujo Aguiar & Sing- primaria typi terrae firmae solitario. er B 12035 (INPA). Additional collection: same lo- cality, 26 III 1980, Singer B 12066 (INPA). TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus-

1 1 VII Caracarai, km 45, 1977, Singer B 10087 The small number of lamellae, subinsititious (F). stipe, and narrowly fusoid, inamyloid spores are characteristic. This species has the aspect of Gerronema icter- inum Sing, but it is a true Mycena with amyloid spores and diverticulate epicutis-hyphae. It differs Mycena indica Sing., spec. nov. from similar species of Mycena in globose spores combined with yellow pileus and stipe and ina- Pileo purpureo-griseo, glabro, convexo, umbon- myloid hyphae. ato, usque ad 27 mm lato. Lamellis concoloribus, intervenosis et anastomosantibus (connectivus us- que ad madiam latitudinem percurrentium), la- Mycena igapoensis Sing., spec. nov. teribus transverse venosis, subangustis, breviter decurrentibus. Sporis in massa candidis. Stipite Pileo griseo margine albo vel atrogriseo margine subconcolori, glabro vel subglabro, apicem versus griseo vel pallidissime alvellaneo, glabro, levi, baud subattenuato vel subaequali, usque ad 75 x 2 mm. viscoso, convexo, obtuso, in siccis centro inter- Mycelio basali praesente. Came immutabili, in- dum subdepresso, 1-3.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis odora. vel albidis, distantibus, paucis (4-6 percurrenti- Sporis 6-7 x 3.5-4 ^m, ellipsoideis, levibus, bus, perpaucis intermixtis), angustis vel modera- hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-24.5 tim latis, arcuatis, adnatis vel adnato-subdecur- x 5.5-7 pm, tetrasporis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem rentibus. Stipite albo, ad basin interdum et ad latera prope aciem lamellarum sat nume- sublutescente, glabro, filiformi, 19-21 x 0.2 mm, rosis, 20-37 x 7-15 pm, versiformibus, plerum- subinsititio. Inodora. que ventricosis, rarius utriformibus, subcylindra- Sporis 6-10 x 2.3-3.3 nm, anguste fusoideis, ceis, subampullaceis vel mucronatis, subclavatis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis voluminosis (cel- 16-22 x 4.5-6.7 ^m, tetrasporis vel tetrasporis et lulis usque ad 25 /urn latis, multis brevibus, my- bisporis mixtis, clavatis. Cystidiis numerosis ad cenoideis), in stipite subparallelis et usque ad 20 aciem, aequaliter numerosis vel minus numerosis nm latis, septis plerumque fibulatis, parietibus for- ad latera lamellarum, 16-22.5 x 2-5(-6.7) urn, titer pseudoamyloideis. Epicute pilei ex derma- forma sua basidiola Marasmiorum in mentem re- tocystidiis (haud hymeniformiter dispositis sed vocantibus, fusoideis, acutis, integris, levibus, hy- sparsioribus, e. gr. 17 x 7.3 nm et Cheilocystidiis alinis. Cheilocystidiis semel visis differentiatis (typi similibus), e cute hypharum intertextarum natis Rotalis) an constantibus? Hyphis usque ad 1 5 nm efformata. Tegumento stipitis dermatocystidiis in latis, sed filamentosis intermixtis, in stipite par- parte media nullis vel perraris praedito. allelis, fibulatis, sed multis septis secundariis in- Ad folia putrida Quercus incanae Roxb. et Rho- termixtis nee non primariis interdum defibulatis, dodendri arborei Sm. in silva montana. in pileo inamyloideis, in stipite nonnullis debiliter pseudoamyloideis visis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute TYPUS India, Simla, Tutu, 1 982 m alt., 20 VIII pilei cutiformi, hyalina, hyphis externis manifeste 1979, Atri 12 (F). denseque diverticulatis (diverticulis 1-2 ^m altis). Hypodermic cutiformi, pigmento dissoluto vac- uolari griseolo vel sepicaceo-fuligineo repletis, in- This species belongs in sect. Puraeand is similar terdum etiam intraparietali sed vix visibili in KOH. to Poromycena anastomosans Sing, which is prob- Tegumento stipitis subnullo, sed hyphis externis ably a form of Mycena violacella (Speg.) Sing.

76 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Mycena intervenosa Sing., spec. nov. longe piloso, praesertim basin versus, insititio, e. gr. 32 mm longo, 0.2 mm lato. Odore nullo. Pileo fusco, marginem versus subpallido, gla- Sporis 4-5.2 x 1.5-2.3 Mm, perangustis, levi- bro, per 3 mm pellucide striato, levi, baud viscoso, bus, hyalinis, fortiter amyloideis. Hymenio: Bas- convexo, centre applanato, 12 mm lato. I. aim-Mis idiis 14-14.7 x 4.3-5.7 fim, tetrasporis. Cysti- albis, sat confertis, sat angustis, in spatiis inter- diolis e. gr. 20.7 x 3.5 ^m, basidiolis Marasmielli lamellaribus pileo concoloribus, intervenosis, ar- simillimis. Cheilocystidiis nullis vel inconspicuis. cuatis, decurrentibus. Stipite albo, ad basin fus- Pilis eis pilei et stipitis simillimis sparsis. Hyphis cidulo, sicco subflavescente, levi, glabro, aequali pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, in stipite parallelis, in vel lenissime apicem versus attenuate, 13-18 x tramate hymenophorali regulariter dispositis. Ep- 1-1.3 mm. Mycelio basali abundante, pallido. icute pilei sat profunda, cutiformi, ex hyphis vix Carne tenui, inodora. gelatinosis, filamentosis, intertextis, hyalinis, in- Sporis(3.5-)4.3 x 2.5 /am, ellipsoideis, levibus, amyloideis, in superficie ipsa externe manifeste hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21-22 x diverticulatis efformata et pilis 60-103 x 5-9.5 4 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis ad aciem lamellarum Mm subulatis, subacutis vel acutis, firme (pariete numerosis, ad latera minus numerosis, 17-28 x usque ad 0.8 ^m crassa) tunicatis, inaequaliter sed 6-12 Mm, subvesiculosis vel ventricosis, frequen- frequenter crasse incrustatis (incrustatione hyali- ter utriformibus, integris et levibus, obtusis, hy- na, resinacea) obsita. Tegumento stipitis e pilis alinis. Hyphis fibulatis, pseudoamyloideis, in stip- simillimis sed frequenter longioribus efformato. ite baud gelatinosis et parallelis, in pileo et tramate Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali hymenophorali regulari voluminosis (structura pluviali primaria typi terrae firmae haud raro. Mycenarum typicarum). Epicute pilei inamylo- idea, cutiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis, 1-3.5 nm TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, crassis, vix vel lenissime gelatinosis, aliis baud 29 VI 1977, Singer B 10025 (INPA). Additional gelatinosis, levibus efformata; in strato inferiore collections: same locality, (on leaves of Sclerone- hyphis similibus, 1-4 /zm latis, haud gelatinosis, ma micrantha), 10 X 1977, Singer B 10184 (INPA); hoc strato intermittenter superficiem attingente. same locality, 20 X 1977, Singer B 10211 (INPA); Tegumento stipitis haud gelatinoso, dermatocys- same locality, 10 I 1978, Singer B 10502 (INPA). tidiis 15-18 x 6 Mm, cystidiis hymenialibus sim- ilibus praesentibus. Similar species are M. microjonia Sing, and M. Ad lignum putrefactum dicotyledoneum in silva longicrinita Sing., but these differ from M. iono- primaria typi terrae firmae. cephala in broader spores. The first differs also in epicutis structure; M. longicrinita, in addition, has TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, different colors and thin-walled, narrower hairs. 6 IV 1977, Singer B 9615 (INPA).

kermesina mod. tax 4th Mycena roriduliformis (Murr.) Dennis is closely Mycena Sing., Agar. ed., 406. 1986. related. Ours is scarcely or only slightly gelatinous. p.

Pileo rubro, carmesino ("salvia" M&P), glabro, levi, haud viscoso, convexo vel campanulato, dein Mycena ionocephala Sing., spec. nov. centre leniter depresso, 2-5 mm lato. Lameliis aurantio-flavidis vel carneis, ad aciem rubro-mar- Pileo violaceo vel lilaceo-amethystino, ("cyg- ginatis (pileo concoloribus: "salvia"), sat latis, dis- net" vel 43 C 1 vel 43 D 1 M&P), sulcato, piloso tantibus, adnatis. Stipite pileo concolori (sub lente sed glabrescente, haud viscoso, convexo vel cam- subaurantiaco sed rubro-puntato), ad apicem hy- panulato, centre interdum subdepresso, 0.5-3.5 alinipiloso, basin versus purpureo-rubro-piloso, mm lato. Lameliis albis, ad aciem interdum vio- filamentoso, insititio, 18-19 x 0.2 mm. Carne al- laceopunctatis, horizontalibus, mediocriter dis- bida, immutabili. inodora. tantibus vel admodum distantibus (interdum qu- Sporis 7-7.5 x 3.5 ^m, ellipsoideis, levibus, inque percurrentibus tantum), latis, adnatis, rarius hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 19-21 x breviter decurrentibus. Stipite albo, dein frequen- 7.5 Mm, saepe trisporis. Basidiolis subfusoideis, ad ter a basi apicem versus coriicolori vel umbrino, basin fibulatis. Cystidiis nullis, sed cheilocystidiis

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 77 ad aciem et prope aciem lamellarum numerosis, eris. Stipite fusco (pileo pallidiore), stricto, haud 37-53 x 24-28 Mm, subcylindraceis vel ventri- viscoso, levi, haud radicante, aequali, 53 x 2 cosis vel subvesiculosis, tenuitunicatis, ad apicem mm. Mycelio basali sericeo, sparse, pallido. Carne tantum typi Retails modo setulosis, setulis obtusis inodora. 1-6 x 1.5 Mm, rarius saccatis et usque ad 5 x 3 Sporis 10-13.5 x 6.2-8 Mm, ellipsoideis, levi- Mm, acie lamellarum ex eis heteromorpha. Hyphis bus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 35- x x latis (in tramate pilei e cellulis usque ad 62 35 45 8.5-9.5 Mm, bisporis, sterigmatibus usque Mm), fibulatis, pseudoamyloideis, baud gelatinosis; 12 Mm longis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad x tramate hymenophorali regular!; hyphis stipitis aciem late heteromorpham 38-52 10-16 Mm, parallelis. Epicute pilei subhymeniformi, e der- ventricosis vel subclavatis, typi Rotalis modo hy- matocystidiis late ventricosis vel cylindraceis, in- alino-setulosis setulis 1.5-2.5 Mm longis in parte terdum subvesiculosis, in KOH hyalinis effbr- tertia superiore, tenuitunicatis, inamyloideis, gri- mata, his 25-37 x 12-20 Mm (corpore basali) sed sco-fusco pigmento vacuolari repletis. Hyphis de- setulis typi Rotalis modo (sed ad apicem tantum) fibulatis, haud gelatinosis; tramate hymenophorali saccato-ventricosis 12-15 x 3-7 /mi, raro furcatis regulari, hyalino, cellulis voluminosis 12-27 Mm ornatis, pariete usque ad 0.5 Mm crassa, inamy- latis, hymenopodio magis intertexto, hyalino, haud loidea instructis. Subhymenio epithelioso, e cel- gelatinoso. Epicute pilei tenui, cutiformi, superne lulis subglobosis efformato. Tegumento stipitis di- ex hyphis diverticulatis, hyalinis, inamyloideis, morpho, (1) praesertim basin versus e subgelatinosis efformata. Hypodermio cutiformi, dermatocystidiis 21-33 x 18-23 Mm efformato, a tramate pilei pigmento vacuolari fusco distincto. his integris, numerosis, erectis, ventricosis vel sub- Ad humum sublignosum inter muscos. vesiculosis vel vesiculosis, obtusis, tenuitunicatis vel leniter crassitunicatis (pariete usque ad 0.3 Mm TYPUS Czechoslovakia, Moravia, Moravsko- crassa), hyalinis in KOH, setulis destitutis, (2) der- Slovanskie Beskidy, Podolanky near Celadna, 20 matocystidiis longis, 130-235 x 15-22 Mm, am- IV 1974, leg. Singer & Kuthan, Singer C 5605 (F). pullaceis, apice (collo) excepto crassitunicatis (par- iete (0.5-)1 Mm hyalina in KOH); paucis dermatocystidiis intermediis inter ambos typos e. Mycena lacrimans Sing., spec. nov. gr. 75 x 16-17 Mm, ampullaceis, firme tunicatis. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali Pileo griseo, glabro, sulcato, non viscoso, con- primaria typi terrae firmae et igapo. vexo, obtuso, haud umbilicato, 6-7 mm lato. La-

mellis albis, latis, subdistantibus vel distantibus, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, paucis lamellulis intermixtis, haud intervenosis, 31 XI 1977, leg. Araujo Aguiar, Singer B 10252 lacrimantibus ad aciem et hie resinoso-maculatis (INPA). Additional collections: same locality, 1 9 III in siccis, adnatis dente decurrente. Stipite pallido, 1980, Singer B 12040 (INPA); same locality, 26 III siccando grisente, nitido sed haud glutinoso, ad- 1980, Singer B 12070 (INPA); Reserva Ducke, flood modum subtiliter et distanter pruinato, glabres- plain, 31 V 1985, Singer B 13013 (F). cente, filamentoso, aequali, 55 x 0.5 mm. Mycelio basali albo. Came alba, tenui, odore nullo, sapore This species differs from others widely and in miti. many characters. It is not rare in Amazonia and Sporis 7-7.8 x 2.7-3.5 Mm, oblongis vel cylin- strikingly beautiful. A somewhat similar species, draceis, levibus, hyalinis, debiliter sed manifeste M. minirubra Stevenson (Kew Bull 19: 48. 1964) amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 14-18 x 6-7. 5 Mm, is certainly different. A short diagnosis (Singer tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 244 1 1986) is here completed. x 4-1 1 Mm, plerumque 30-40 x 7.5-8.5 Mm, cy- lindraceis vel anguste ventricoso-clavatis, obtusis, ex integro fere diverticulatis (diverticulis ad ipsam Mycena kuthanii Sing., spec. nov. basin tantum nullis, ad apicem 3.5-4.5(-5) x l- 2Mm,ceterum 1 x 0. 1-0. 2 Mm), sursum conspicuo Pileo fuligineo ("biskra" M&P), glabro, nitido, obtectis exudatione amorpha, crassa, in solutione viscoso, levi, convexo, dein applanato, umbonato, Melzeri solubili. Nonnullis gloeo-vasculis inter- 19 mm lato. Lamellis griseis, acie fuligineis, dum hymenium attingentibus. Hyphis in tramate horizontalibus, subconfertis vel subdistantibus, pilei radiatim dispositis, subparallelis, fibulatis, subascendentibus in juventute(?), ventricosis, lib- pseudoamyloideis, moderatim latis, haud gelati-

78 FIELDIANA: BOTANY nosis, in KOH hyalinis; in stipite parallelis, farther elongatisetdactylomorphis(usquead7 x 1.5 Mm), pseudoamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali struc- ad apicem interdum furcatis, hyalinis. Hyphis ture typica Mycenarum gaudente, regulari, hyali- structura Mycenarum typica gaudentibus in pileo no; hymenopodio ex hyphis nonnihil angustiori- et in tramate hymenophorali regulari, fortiter bus efformato; subhymenio angusto, e cellulis pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, hyalinis (KOH). Ep- minutis efformato, subcellulari. Gloeo-vasculis in icute pile! e subcute gelatinosa nata, e diverticulis tramatibus praesentibus et cum gloeocystidiis sub- hyphosis vix gelatinosis, tenuibus, saepe furcatis, vesiculosis nonnullis continuis, versiformibus, usque ad 12 x 1. 5 ^m metientibus efformata. Sub- tenui- vel crassitunicatis (sed pariete demum dis- cute gelatinosa 25-45 fim diametri, hyalina, ina- soluta), contentu oleaginoso, amorpho et exuda- myloidea. Hypodermic fuscidulo, eius hyphis in- tionibus flavis instructis. Epicute pile! intermit- flatis, pigmento intracellulari. Tegumento stipitis tenter filamentosa, ex hyphis repentibus superne ex hyphis erectis ascendentibus que filamentosis, diverticulatis efformata. Hypodermic ex hyphis diverticulatis, inamyloideis, haud gelatinosis ef- inflatis efformato et ubi superficial est, ibi hyphae formato. superne diverticulatae sunt, omnibus hyphis as- Ad lignum emortuum Lecythidacearum in silva cendentibus subtrichodermialibus, cellulis inflatis, tropicali pluviali virginea typi "terra firme" gre- voluminosis, brevibus, pseudoamyloideis. Gloeo- gatim vel subcaespitose. cystidiis hinc illinc visis. Tegumento stipitis e der- matocystidiis cheilocystidiis similibus efformata, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, sed illis diverticulis uniformiter tenuibus, brevi- 3 VI 1977, Singer B 9920 (INPA). bus, densis obtectis et angustioribus nee non fre- quenter brevioribus; gloeocystidiis raris. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali Mycena longicrinita Sing., spec. nov. humida, solitario. Pileo rubro ("poinsettia" vel "spark" M&P), TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Reserva Ducke sicco subfuligineo, interdum iam in vegetis subfu-

( 25 km N of Manaus), 4 XII 1978, Singer B ligineo, interdum in vegetis roseolo-brunneo vel ferrugineo-aurantiaco, interdum permanenter fus- co, admodum variabili colore, haud viscido, sub- tiliter hyalino-piloso, in majoribus sulcato, obtuse Mycena lecythidacearum Sing., spec. nov. conico, 0.8-2.2 mm lato. Lamellis pallidis vel gris- eis, ad aciem plerumque, praesertim siccatione fu- Pileo murino, disco fusco-griseo, longe sulcato, ligineis vel atrobrunneis, distantibus, latis, arcu- glabro, haud viscoso, obtuse conico vel causiifor- atis vel horizontalibus, adnatis, frequenter dente mi, frequenter margine demum recurvato, inter- decurrentibus. Stipite pileo concolori vel fuligi- dum subumbilicato, 8-16 mm lato, 3-10 mm alto. nascente, albo-piloso, interdum subpallido in ve- x Lamellis griseis, sublatis vel latissimis, subarcuatis getis, 6-4 1 0.05-0. 1 mm; mycelio basali inter- vel subhorizontalibus, maturis plus minusve in- dum sparse, ceterum hyphis hyalinis radiantibus tervenosis, distantibus, interdum paucis furcatis, albo. Carne inodora, tenuissima. adnatis, siccis subdecurrentibus. Stipite pallide Sporis 6.5-12 x 3.3^4.5 nm, ellipsoideis vel griseo, glabro, levi, haud viscido, aequali, haud oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: insititio, interdum basi attenuata subradicante sed Basidiis 22-25 x 7.5-10 Mm, bisporis et tetras- plerumque peraequali et nullo modo radicante, poris. Cystidiis veris nullis, sed cystidiolis fuso- x 21-30 x 1-2 mm. Mycelio basali sparse. Velo ideis (e. gr. 17 4.5 Mm) interdum praesentibus. nullo. Carne albido-pallida, inodora. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromorpham 13-40 Sporis 7-9 x 5-6 Mm, plerqumque 7-8 x 5-5.5 x 2.5-7 Mm, omnibus diverticulatis sed versifor- Mm (Q < 2), ellipsoideis vel late ellipsoideis, lev- mibus, interdum apice bi-vel trifurcatis, in parte ibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 26- basali levibus, hyalinis sed in lamellis vetustis et 27 x 7-8 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- siccis porphyrobrunneis pigmento intracellulari. ocystidiis ad aciem heteromorphicam 28-42 x 2- Hyphis pseudoamyloideis, in stipite parallelis, in 6 Mm (sursum), subcylindraceis vel subfusoideis pileo et in tramate hymenophorali regulari My- vel filamentosis, interdum basi inflata, hyalinis, cenarum typicarum modo inflatis, fibulatis, in pi- frequentius nonnullis appendiculis lateralibus or- leum divergentibus, hyphis longicellulatis, fuligi- natis quam integris, appendiculis brevibus vel nascentibus, pigmentum ducentibus in tramatibus

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 79 baud raris, in zona hymenopodiali et hypoder- typicarum gaudentibus, fortiter pseudoamyloid- miali numerosis. Laticiferis veris in stipite nullis. eis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei intermittenter Epicute pilei cutiformi, in vegetis hyalina vel sub- hymeniformi et ex hyphis repentibus diverticu- hyalina in KOH, hyphis externis superne diver- latis efformata, ubi hymeniformis est elementa hy- ticulis densis usque ad 5 nm longis ornatis; prae- menii Cheilocystidiis simillima sunt, 1 2-2 1 x 12- terea pilis longissimis (5-100 nm, rarius 1 7 Mm, omnibus cellulis hyalinis vel subhyalinis. longioribus) levibus, hyalinis, interdum furcatis, Aliis hyphis et subhymenio et diverticulis partim 1-2 Jim latis, ad basin plerumque usque ad 3-4.5 pigmento atropurpureo-brunneo repletis (KOH). /zm dilatatis, ceterum filiformibus praesentibus. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva primar- Hypodermio in siccis pigmento intracellulari ia, tropicali typi terrae firmae. granuloso fuscato. Tegumento stipitis ex hyphis externis corticalibus diverticulatis et pilis longis, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, basin versus eis simillimis effor- longissimis, pilei 29 VIII 1977, leg. Izonete Araujo Aguiar, comm. mato. Singer B 10143 (INPA). Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva primaria terrae firmae solitario vel tropicali typi gregatim. The abundant dermatocystidia which form in- termittent hymeniform areas, as well as the violet TYPUS 30 Brazil, Amazonas, km N ofManaus, pigment and the fruiting season during the drier 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10106 (INPA). Additional months of the year, are noticeable. The species is collections: same locality, 18 V 1977, Singer B rather rare in Central Amazonia and has not been 9676 (INPA); same locality, 19 VI 1977, Singer B discovered elsewhere. 9948 (INPA); same locality, 19 VI 1977, Singer B 9957 (INPA); same locality, 18 VI 1977, Singer B 9989 (INPA); same locality, 23 VI 1977, Singer B 9998 (INPA); same locality, 6 VII 1977, Singer B Mycena microleucoides Sing., spec. nov. 10042 (INPA); same locality, 10 X 1977, Singer B 10133 (INPA). Pileo candido, glabro, sulcato, convexo, raro papillato, 1-2 mm lato. Lamellis albis, angustis vel mediocriter latis, primum ascendentibus, mox The necropigment becomes visible on drying. horizontalibus, distantibus, anguste adnexis. Stip- The long hairs on pileus and stipe are striking when ite 22-23 x 0.1 mm. observed in fresh or well-dried material under bin- albo, glabro, filamentoso, Mycelio basali hyalino-albo. Carne tenuissima, ocular microscope. Other species which are red odore nullo percepto. when fresh have different microscopical charac- 5.5-8 x 3.5-4 teristics. Sporis Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12-13 x 6.5-7.5 /im, tetrasporis, basidiolis subglobosis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis inter basidia spar- vel ad div- Mycena microjonia Sing., spec. nov. sis, cylindraceis ventricosis, apicem erticulis obtusis erectis vel obliquis paucis ornatis, Pileo purpureoviolaceo, glabro, haud viscido hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis Mycenarum typ- sulcato, convexo, umbilicato, 1 mm lato. Lamellis icarum modo inflatis, hyalinis, fibulatis, pseudoa- in siccis pallidis, distantibus vel subdistantibus. myloideis. Epicute cutiformi, ex hyphis tenuissim- is versus diverticulis Stipite sordidiore (cum brunneolo) quam pileus, superficiem brevissimis, vix densis instructis efformata. Strato cor- subtiliter piloso praesertim ad apicem, 5 x 0. 1 obtusis, mm. ticali stipitis haud gelatinoso, tegumento nullo. Sporis(6-)7-7.5 x (3.5-)4-4.2 /tm, ellipsoideis, Ad folia dejecta Alni jorullensis H. B. & K. gre- levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis gatim in silvis montanis. 22-24 x 7-7.5 /im, tetrasporis, basidiolis haud fusoideis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 1 2-20 x TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 9 II 6-8 Mm, subclavatis vel late ventricosis paucis lob- 1965, Singer T 3898 (F). is vel appendiculis sterigmatoideis ad apicem or- natis, tenuitunicatis et collabentibus, hyalinis, in- This species is similar and related to M. micro- amyloideis. Hyphis structura Mycenarum leuca Sing.

80 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Mycena micromelaena Sing., spec. nov. tegro vel ad apicem tantum obsitis, hyalinis. Pilis hyphoideis paucis vel raris, usque ad 1 50 Mm lon- Pileo atrogriseo vel griseolo-fuligineo, demum gis, 4-10 Mm latis, obtusis vel acutis, hyalinis, ten- subnigro, centre concolori vel pallido, extra cen- uiter vel firme tunicatis. Hyphis Mycenarum typ- trum sulcato, subverticali, ad marginem extre- icarum modo inflatis, pseudoamyloideis, haud mum interdum albido, centre applanato vel sub- gelatinosis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis fi- depresso, ceterum convexo, ubique glabro, 2.5- lamentosis, superne diverticulis 1-4 Mm altis or- 3.5 mm lato. Lamellis albis, in siccis etiam albis, natis efTormata, in KOH pigmento vix visibili. Hie latissimis, subarcuatis, simplicibibus, demum ita ut in stipitis superficie pilis eis acieis lamellar- subintervenosis, distantibus, adnato-subdecurren- um simillimis praesentibus, in stipite numerosis. tibus. Stipite albo, macroscopice glabro et sub lente Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa solitario in silva glabrescente, baud viscoso, aequali, 16-30 x 0.2- tropicali typi terrae firmae. 0.3 mm. Mycelio basali albo, radiante. Carne alba, immutabili, tenuissima, inodora. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, Sporis 7.7-10.7 x 4-5 nm, ellipsoideis vel ob- 8 VIII 1977, Singer B 10133 (INPA). longis, raro ovatis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. This differs from M. microtrichialis in Hymenio: Basidiis 16-22.5 x 6-7 MHI, tetrasporis, Sing, larg- er and perpaucis bisporis. Cystidiis paucis, cheilocysti- spores pigmentation. diis identicis. Cheilocystidiis 28-30 x 6-1 2. 5 Mm, ex integro subtiliter diverticulatis, (diverticulis ad Mycena microstena Sing., spec. nov. apicem cellulae 1.5-2.2 MHI ad latera 0.7-0.8 pm altisi. obtusis, fusoideis vel hyalinis, ampullaceis, Pileo uniformiter griseo, demum subtiliter sul- contentu visibili nullo. ventricosis, Hyphis My- culato-striato per medium radium, subpruinato, cenarum typicarum modo inflatis, hyalinis, pseu- conico-campanulato, 1 mm alto et lato. Lamellis haud tenuitunicatis, fi- doamyloideis, gelatinosis, albis, siccando pallide sordideque griseolis, ascen- bulatis. externis Epicute pilei cutiformi, hyphis dentibus, angustis, mediocriter distantibus, ad- diverticulatis, cu- superne hyalinis. Hypodermio nexis. Stipite pallide vel dilute griseo, subpruinato, ex latiusculis vel tiformi, hyphis sepiaceis spadi- aequali, flexuoso, disco basali destituto, 7 x 0.05 ceis e vacuolari efformato. Dermato- pigmento mm. Mycelio basali albo. Carne tenuissima, ino- cystidiis in carpophoris maturis nullis vel raris, dora. sed in immaturis stipitibus nonnullis dermatocys- Sporis (in typo paucis) 6.5 x 3 Mm, ellipso- tidiis eis similibus visis. hymenii ideo-oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, debiliter amy- Ad folia in silva dicotyledonea delapsa primaria loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16x7 Mm. Cystidiis terrae firmae tropicali typi gregatim. nullis. Cheilocystidiis inconspicuis, 25-28 x 14 Mm, subfilamentosis, apicem versus leniter angus- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, tatis, raro furcatis, hyalinis. Hyphis Mycenarum 10 XI 1977, B 10276 Singer (INPA). typicarum modo inflatis, pseudoamyloideis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei ex elementis vesiculosis, subtiliter diverticulatis vel levibus, tenuitunicatis, Mycena micropolia Sing., spec. nov. pigmentatis vel hyalinis, 1 1-20 x 8.5-14 Mm ef- formata; multis ex eis liberis. Tegumento stipitis Pileo brunneolo-griseo vel fuscidulo-griseo, ex elementis similibus efformato, sed praeterea sparse hyalino-piloso, sulcato, convexo, 1 mm lato. dermatocystidiis cylindraceis vel clavato-ventri- Lamellis griseis acie griseis vel pallidis, distantibus cosis ex integro diverticulatis moderatim nume- (septem), late adnatis. Stipite atrogriseo, fortiter rosis et eis Mycenae osmundicolae brevioribus x hyalino-piloso, filiformi, 6-7 0. 1 mm. Mycelio praesentibus. Pigmento vacuolari, frequenter col- basali exiguo, hyalino, sericeo, breviter radiante, loidaliter condensato. sub lente tantum visibili. Carne inodora. Ad lignum emortuum Dicotyledonum in silva x Sporis (7-)9-9.5 (2.8-)4-4.8 MHI, ellipsoideis, tropicali typi campinaranae solitario. paucis oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, debiliter amy- loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 19-22 x 6-8 nm. Cys- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- tidiis haud visis. Cheilocystidiis e. gr. 20 x 8.5 Caracarai, km 45, 10 VIII 1978, Singer B 11357 Mm, versiformibus, saepe clavatis, setulis ex in- (INPA).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 81 This belongs in stirps Osmundicola, see also note The type of M. roriduliformis (Murr.) Dennis, under M. depilataSing. and M. HemitrichialisS'mg. M. roridula (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc., M. euspeireae (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc. (all FH) represent a strictly related group of Mycenas, subsect. Caespitosae A. nov. Mycena microtephra Sing., spec. H. Smith.

x Pileo minore ( 4 mm), stipite minore ( 7 0.3 basin versus castanescente; non- mm), sporis Mycena nanoclavula Sing., spec. nov. nihil latioribus et habitatione in ramulo ligneo in Alnetis a M. differt. hydropodoidi Sing, Mycenae claviculari (Fr.) Gillet affinis et car- pophoris multum minoribus (pileo 3-3.5 mm lato; TYPUS de 9 II Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas Yala, stipite 8 x 0.1-0.2 mm), sporis paullum minori- T 3918 1965, Singer (F). bus (6-9.5 x 2.5-3.5 pm) nee non omnibus par- tibus albis differt, sed stipite glutine obtecto et typo Mycena microtrichialis Sing., spec. nov. cheilocystidiorum et dermatocystidiorum con- gruit. Pileo pallide fuscidulo vel albo, lamellis albis Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali vel albidis, sporis minoribus (3.5-7 x 2.3-4 jim, typi terrae firmae gregatim. plerumque 5-6 x 2.5-3 nm, admodum versifor- mibus), cheilocystidiis typi Sicci vel sursum ra- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, mosis, nee non praesentia dermatocystidiorum 8- 23 III 1978, Singer B 10829 (INPA). 13 x 3.5-8 ^m, crassitunicatis differt, sed char- acteribus ceteris, praesertim pilorum longorum pi- neotropicalis Sing., spec. nov. lei et stipitis levibus, hie 80-300 x 2-4 fj.m, tenui- Mycena vel firme tunicatis cum M. micropolia Sing, con- Characteribus Marasmielli foliicolae Sing, in gruit. & Lilloa 25: 148. 1951 sed In silva tropicali typi terrae firmae ad folia di- Sing. Digilio, gaudet, in ubi cotyledonea. Mycenam transferenda, Mycena foliicola Metrod, Prodr. Flore Myc. Madagascar 3: 131. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 1 949 non identica. Mycenae theobromicolae Den- x 10 I 1978, Singer B 10506a (INPA). nis similis sed cheilocystidiis 1 1-42 3-6.5 /^m, haud typi Rotalis modo diverticulatis, sed integris et levibus, summopere variabilibus forma. Tra- Mycena microxantha Sing., spec. nov. mate pilei et hymenophori regularis inamyloideo in typo M. neotropicalis. Pileo minuto (1-2 mm), lamellis sex tantum; cheilocystidiis paullum minoribus (23-37 x 7.5- TYPUS Argentina, Tucuman, Sierra de San Ja- 10 Mm, apice 4.5-6 ^m diam.) stipite minore (5- vier, 24 IV 1951, Singer T 1523 (LIL). 10 x 0.1 mm); sporis amyloideis et hyphis pseu- doamyloideis a Mycena oregonensi Smith (vix af- fini) differt; ab affiniore M. gracilipede (Murr.) Mycena pantopolia Sing., spec. nov. Murr. coloribus et sporis paullum minoribus; ab ambobus habitatione differt. Subinsititia est. Pileo atrogriseo, sulcato, glabro, haud viscoso, Ad folia in silva inun- dicotyledonea delapsa convexo, obtuso, demum centre subdepresso, 5 dabili typi igapo gregatim. mm lato. Lamellis griseis, subconfertis, adnatis. Stipite murino, apice albo, glabro, 28-33 x 0.5 TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- mm. Mycelia basali albo. Carne alba, inodora. mazinho, 8 IX 1978, Singer B 11388 (INPA). Ad- Sporis 6.7-9.8 x 3.3^4.8 nm, ellipsoideis vel ditional collection: same locality, 2 1 II 1 980, Sing- oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: er B 12017 (INPA). Basidiis 14-19 x 6 pm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nul- lis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromorpham 20 Mycena muciflua (Hohn.) Sing., comb. nov. x 4 /urn, ad et prope apicem appendicibus exiguis dactylomorphis erectis vel subobliquis, usque ad BASIONYM Collybia muciflua Hohn., Sitz.-ber. 4.5 nm longis ornatis, subtus anguste subventri- K. Akad. Wiss. Wien 1 18: 276. 1909. cosis, raro bifidis, omnibus hyalinis. Hyphis hy-

82 FIELDIANA: BOTANY alinis in tramatibus, Mycenarum typicarum modo TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, inflatis, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, nulla in parte 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10093 (INPA). gelatinosis. Epicute pilei tenuissima, hyalina, h> - phis filamentosis superne diverticulatis constituta, It is easy to mistake this species for a Hydropus cutiformi, inamyloidea. Hypodermic cutiformi, of sect. Floccipedes, but the incrusting pigment and ex hyphis inflatis, pseudoamyloideis pigmentatis the structure of the trama show that it belongs in eflbrmato; pigmento griseo-fusco, vacuolari. Mycena. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali typi terrae firmae. Mycena poecila Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, 20 II 1978, Singer B 10683 (INPA). Pileo buxeo-flavo, demum atro-maculato, sicco rubido-brunnescente et striis pallidioribus varie- vitilis sensu = M. Mycena (Fr.) Quel. Lange fil- gato, convexo, dein centre umbilicato, glabro, us- ex Kummer sensu Kiihner is opes (Bull, Fr.) very que ad 3 mm lato. Lamellis sordide pallidis, acie similar and related. The Amazonian differs species plerumque olivaceo-flava, in siccis pileo subcon- in smaller smaller shorter especially spores, pileus, colori instructis, arcuatis, distantibus, breviter de- and smaller stipe, cheilocystidia. currentibus. Stipite succineo vel castaneo, sub lente subtiliter pruinato, aequali sed apice dilatato, us- ad 30 mm 0.1-0.3 mm lato. Mycena pluvialis Sing., spec. nov. que longo, Mycelio basali praesente. Carne tenui. 8-16 x Pileo fusco, levi vel brevissime sulcato, glabro, Sporis dimorphis 4-5.7(_7) ^m, ellip- soideis vel margine partim crenulato, convexo-subcampan- oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Basidiis 15-18 x 7-9.5 2-3-4- ulato, papillate, 2.5 mm alto et lato. Lamellis pal- Hymenio: urn, sporis. Cystidiis paucis et cheilocystidiis simillim- lide griseis, satis angustis, ascendentibus, medi- is. 15-42 x 3.5-8 utriformi- ocriter distantibus, stipitem versus angustatis, Cheilocystidiis nm, bus brevi obtuso munitis, vel am- adnexis. Stipite griseolo-pallido, interdum pallide apice angustato, x pullaceis, interdum "collo" recurvato, in KOH griseo, glabro, haud viscoso, subaequali, 8.5 vel 0.6 mm. Mycelio basali albo. Came tenui, im- subhyalinis hyalinis. Hyphis Mycenarum typ- icarum modo haud mutabili, inodora. inflatis, gelatinosis, pseudoa- fibulatis. nonnullis Sporis 7.5-9 x 6-7 nm, breviter ellipsoideis, myloideis, Hyphis pigmenti- feris ochreis vel atro-badiis, 7-16 latis. rarius subglobosis, levibus, hyalinis, acyanophilis, ^m Epicute ex levibus vel diverticu- haud carminophilis, pariete subfirma instructis, pilei hyphis repentibus, latis effbrmata, tenuissima et interdum intermit- inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 27-35 x 8.8-10 tente, diverticulis brevissimis et interdum irre- jim, tetrasporis, clavatis, haud siderophilis; basi- gularibus. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis diolis haud fusoideis. Cystidiis raris cheilocystidiis minutis versiformibus, 8-16(-22) x 4.5-5(-8.5) simillimis. Cheilocystidiis numerosis sed haud efformato, his levibus et moderatim nume- densis, 23-28 x 10-12 /im, basidiomorphis, con- nm rosis. tentu visibili nullo, pariete tenui, levi, hyalina. Hy- Ad folia dicotyledonea emortua in silvis tropi- phis Mycenarum typicarum modo inflatis (cellulis calibus typi terrae firmae. e. gr. 55 x 25 Mm), hyalinis vel fuscidulo-hyalinis, in tramate hymenophorali regulariter dispositis, in stipitis tramate parallelis, omnibus inamyloid- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, eis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei tenuissima, intermit- 23 III 1978, Singer B 10849 (INPA). tente, hyalina vel fuscidulo-hyalina, ex hyphis re- pentibus, in strato superno 1.2-3 ^m latis, in strato Collection Singer B 10807 from igapo (inun- inferiore 5 nm latis, omnibus levibus et ina- dated forest) differs from others in lighter color myloideis; dermatocystidiis nullis. Hypodermio (more diluted pigment), especially when studied cutiformi, ex hyphis latis et moderatim longe cel- on fresh material, furthermore in smaller pileus lulatis fuscis eflbrmato; pigmento parietes incrus- and stipe, but it fruits at the same time at the tante; pigmento intracellulari (in KOH) vix evi- beginning of the rainy season and has identical dente. Tegumento stipitis nullo viso. characteristics of spores and cystidia. On the other Ad lignum putrescens dicotyledoneum diffrac- hand, the pigment of the hyphae of the stipe is tum in silva tropicali typi terrae firmae. very distinct; but these hyphae do not seem to be

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 83 lactiferous; the internal pigment being ocher-mel- (white in M. omniumsanctorum) and foliicolous leous, the incrustations reddish-bay color, and the habitat (lignicolous in M. omniumsanctorum). septa rather numerous. No latex has been seen in any of the collections. Mycena porphyrocephala Sing., spec. nov.

Mycena poliocephala Sing., spec. nov. Pileo atropurpureo vel, praesertim marginem versus, laetius purpureo ("garnet," "dark cardi- Pileo griseo, haud viscoso, fortiter sulcato per nal," "pirilla purple," centre plerumque 48 L 4 radii duas tertias, glabro, globoso, mox subcam- M&P), convexo, centro umbilicato vel umbonato, panulato-convexo, 2 mm lato. Lamellis superne 5-10 mm lato, glabro, haud viscoso, vix sulcato. griseolis, aciem versus albis, moderatim latis, su- Lamellis pallide lilaceis, acie concoloribus, con- barcuatis sed primum partim subascendentibus, fertis vel mediocriter confertis, subascendentibus subdistantibus vel subconfertis, haud interven- sed dein frequenter horizontalibus vel arcuatis, ad osis, adnatis sed haud decurrentibus. Stipite albo, latera interdum (in vetustis) venosis vel sparse in- macroscopice glabro levique, sub lente subtiliter tervenosis, satis angustis vel mediocriter latis, ad- pruinoso, aequali, bulbo destitute, 8.5 x 0.1-0.2 natis. Stipite lamellis concolori, glabro, subae- mm. Mycelio basali albo-crinito, crinibus myce- quali, 20-22 x 0.5-1 mm. Mycelio basali lialibus erectis. Carne tenuissima, alba, immuta- inconspicuo, radiante. Carne superficiebus sub- bili, inodora. concolori, tenui, inodora. Sporis 6.2-7.5 x 3-3.7 nm, oblongis, levibus, Sporis (7-)7.5-10.5 x 4.5-6 pm, plerumque hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis ( 13-) 13. 5- 10x5 /an, ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, amy- 17.5 x 5-6.7 jim, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-20.5 x 5.5-8 /an, Cheilocystidiis inter basidia sat numerosis sed haud 2-3-4-sporis; basidiolis haud fusoideis. Cystidiis conspicuis, (10-) 14- 17 x 3.5-5.3 nm, subulatis, nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromorpham lanceolatis, cylindraceis, interdum uno vel duobus 22-24 x 1 0-20 /an, typi Rotalis modo diverticulis mucronibus apicalibus instructis, tenuitunicatis, numerosis 1-1.5 ^m longis obsitis, vesiculosis, in- hyalinis. Hyphis hyalinis, Mycenarum typicarum tus pallide lilacinis. Hyphis plerumque Mycena- modo inrlatis, sed nonnullis filamentosis inter- rum typicarum modo inrlatis (usque ad 1 2-20 nm mixtis, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis; tramate hy- inflatis), debiliter sed manifeste pseudoamyloid- menophorali regulari. Epicute pilei ex hyphis di- eis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei tenui, latatis, saepe furcatis, haud gelatinosis, apicaliter cutiformi, ex hyphis in KOH hyalinis vel subhy- et frequenter etiam lateraliterdiverticulatis, densis alinis, superne breviter sed dense diverticulatis, effbrmata. Hypodermio gelatinoso 50 nm. pro- omnibus filamentosis (1.5-2 /an latis) efformata; funditate, hyalino, ex hyphis filamentosis, 1 nm diverticulis 1-1.5 /an altis. Hypodermio cutifor- latis, ascendentibus, inamyloideis efformato. Stra- mi, ex hyphis eis tramatis pilei similibus, sed pig- to subhypodermiali pigmentato, ex hyphis eis tra- mento pallide lilacino intracellulari impletis matis pilei simillimis, sed pigmentatis, haud ge- (NH 4OH) efformato. latinosis efformato; pigmento fusco, dissolute, Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva typi ter- vacuolari. Tegumento stipitis haud gelatinoso, rae firmae gregatim. dermatocystidiis moderatim numerosis vel nu- merosis, pruinam formantibus, 20-43 x 6-1 2 nm, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, ampullaceis vel subulatis, obtusis, tenuitunicatis, 10 I 1978, Singer B 10500 (INPA). Additional col- haud diverticulatis, integris. lection: same locality, 2 III 1978, Singer B 10755 Ad folia delapsa dicotyledonea in silva tropicali (INPA). typi terrae firmae. Mycena strobilinoides Peck differs in colors and TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, habitat. 9 II 1978, Singer B 10625 (INPA).

This species differs from those of sect. Caeru- Mycena semipilosa Sing., spec. nov. lescentes in the absence of blue pigments. It is very close to M. omniumsanctorum Sing, described from Pileo albo, sulculato, glabro, haud viscido, cam- Chile. It differs from the latter in the colored pileus panulato vel convexo, 0.3-2 mm lato. Lamellis

84 FIELDIANA: BOTANY albis, mediocriter latis, distantibus, ascendenti- eis. Hyphis latis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, haud ge- bus, adnexis. Stipite albo, in parte inferiore piloso latinosis, fortiter pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, eis el gradatim minus piloso apicem versus, filamen- stipitis parallelis. Epicute pilei e cellulis globosis, toso, 15-20 x 0.05-0.2 mm. Mycelio basali dense plerumque levibus vel sublevibus accumulatis for- hyphoso, applanato-radiante, subdisciformi sed mata et nonnullis sphaerocystibus diverticulatis, admodum angusto nee sulcato. Carne in pileo sub- hyalinis, pariete inamyloideis tenui vel firma (us- nulla, inodora. que ad 0.5 Mm crassa) instructis, 23-28 x 17-23 Sporis5-7.5 x 2.5-4.2 Aim, ellipsoideis, levibus, Aim, supra illas liberis praesentibus. Tegumento hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 9-13.5 x stipitis e pilis 50-130 x 6-10 Aim efformato, his (4.5-)5.5-7 Aim, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- subulatis, levibus vel minute (usque ad 0.5 A*m ocystidiis prope marginem pilei sparsis, derma- altitudine) diverticulatis, apice acutis vel subacutis tocystidiis pilei simillimis. Hyphis usque ad 20 vel obtusis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Aim latis, pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, hyalinis, Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali Mycenarum typicarum structurae similibus, Tra- typi terrae firmae. mate hymenophorali regulari. Stratis gelatinosis nullis. Epicute pilei ex hyphis prostratis, ad latus TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, supernum diverticulatis et dermatocystidiis typi 14 VI 1977, Singer B 9942 (INPA). Rotalis modo diverticulatis, plerumque erectis et perpaucis pilis hyphosis levibus eis stipitis simil- This species is similar to M. polyadelpha (Lasch) limis efformata; dermatocystidiis ventricoso-cla- Kiihner, tropical form, but can be distinguished vatis vel subvesiculosis, diverticulis usque ad easily because of the granular surface of the pileus 4.5(-7.5) x 1 Aim;cellulis liberis nullis. Tegumento formed by sphaerocysts. These sphaerocysts often stipitis hypho-piloso, pilis usque ad 60 x 0.5-1.5 remind one of cherocytes and are homologous with Aim, obtusis, filamentosis, tenuitunicatis, levibus, them, but neither star-shaped nor thick-walled. hyalinis, pilis prope apicem stipitis nonnihil bre- vioribus. Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa in silva tropicali typi terrae firmae gregatim. Hydropus californicus Sing., spec. nov.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, Pileo griseo-brunneo, sicco griseo, neque innate 23 III 1978, Singer B 1082 la (INPA). fibrilloso nee sulcato, haud viscido, convexo, cen-

tro moderatim depresso, 6-7 mm lato. I arm-Ills This species belongs in stirps Polyadelpha. It is pallidis, distantibus, haud intervenosis, mediocri- similar to M. microtrichialis Sing., but has more ter latis, decurrentibus. Stipite pallido, sicco len- ascendant lamellae and colorless stipe. iter grisascente, subtiliter hyalino-pubescente sub lente, centrali, nonnihil longiore diametro pilei, 0.5 mm lato. Mycelio basali sparse, pallido. Mycena subtenerrima Sing., spec. nov. Carne albida. Sporis 7-10 x 4-5.5 ^m (e basidiis tetrasporis Pileo albo, sub lente albo-granoso, convexo, ob- probabiliter 7-8.3 x 4-5 A*m, e bisporis 8.5-10 x tuso vel umbone exiguo munito, 2-3.5 mm lato. 4-5.5 Aim), ellipsoideis, paucis ellipsoideo-oblon-

I arm-Ills albis, subdistantibus, haud ascendenti- gis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Bas- bus, sat latis, adnexis. Stipite albo, pubescente vel idiis tetrasporis et bisporis praesentibus, illis 22.5 breviter piloso, aequali vel vix dilatato ad basin, x 6 Aim, his 22-24 x 5.5 Aim. Cystidiis nullis vel disco destitute, basi albo-piloso, 8-22 x 0.1-0.2 perraris. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem numerosis, 21- mm. Carne tenuissima, inodora. 33 x 4.5-5.5 Aim, versi form i bus, plerumque an- Sporis 7-9.3 x 2.7-4.8 Aim, ellipsoideis vel ob- guste utriformibus vel subcylindraceis, nonnullis longis, levibus, hyalinis, debiliter amyloideis. Hy- appendice digitiformi apicali munitis, tenuituni- menio: Basidiis (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. catis, hyalinis, contentu nullo visibili, raro furca- Cheilocystidiis paucis, inconspicuis, 10-19 x 4.5- tis. Hyphis filamentosis latisque (2-27 Aim latis), 7.5 Aim, aut clavatis et nonnullis appendiculis structuram Mycenarum typicarum haud in men- brevibus (usque ad 2 Aim longis) apicalibus ornatis tem revocantibus, hyalinis in tramate pilei et in aut anguste utriformibus vel ampullaceis et tune tramate hymenophorali regulari, omnibus haud integris et levibus, omnibus hyalinis, inamyloid- gelatinosis, in stipite parallelis et tenuiter vel firme

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 85 tunicatis, inamyloideis vel hie vix vel lenissime (2) 21-38 x 6-9.2 Mm, capitatis vel subcapitatis, pseudoamyloideis, filamentosis vel usque ad 10 sub capitulo anguste cylindraceis vel ventricosis Mm latis, multis hyphis fibulatis sed aliis defibu- et supra ventrem constrictis, nonnullis leniter et latis. Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis sparsis vel tenuissime hyalino-incrustatis; omnibus integris, hinc inde aggregatis efformata, baud hymeniformi; levibus, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Cystidiis ad latera dermatocystidiis cheilocystidiis simillimis, sed lamellarum numerosis, ad aciem sparsis, 21-40 x magis versiformibus, 18-50 x 4.8-6.5 Mm. Hy- 6-8.8 Mm, fusoideo-mucronatis, raro ampullaceis podermic cutiformi sed partim ex hyphis ascen- (apice brevi, angusto), pariete basin versus sub- dentibus efformato, cellulis frequenter brevibus et incrassata vel omnino firma instructis, nonnullis perlatis, Mycenas typicas in mentem revocanti- incrustatione subhyalina resinacea tenuiter in- bus, inamyloideis, in strato superiore 2-5 nm latis, crustatis, paucis contentu optice (in KOH) haud in strato inferiore profundiore usque ad 27 fim manifesto gaudentibus, plerumque contentu visi- latis, partim hyphas catenulatas, intertextas ef- bili destitutis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis, hy- formantibus, in KOH fuscidulis; pigmento vacu- alinis; tramate hymenophorali regulari, hyphis olari. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis nu- stipitis subparallelis, inamyloideis, omnibus hy- merosis efformato, his 15^41 x 3.5-5.7 /mi, phis 2-19 Mm latis (plerumque 7-13.5 Mm diam.). cheilocystidiis aut dermatocystidiis pilei simillim- Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis dispersis sed nu- is. merosis efformata, his 19-26 x 5.5-7.5 Mm, forma Ad ligna in silva mixta, subgregario. sua cheilocystidia typi primi in mentem revocan- tibus, rarius anguste ventricosis, plerumque utri- TYPUS USA, California, Marin County, Au- formibus vel capitatis, hyalinis. Hypodermic in dubon Canyon Ranch, 19 XI 1981, C Calhoun strato superiore e cute hypharum levium effor-

81-2590 (F). mato, in strato inferiore ab hyphis tramatis pilei vix distinguendo, pigmento haud viso (KOH). This species belongs in sect. Mycenoides and is Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis numerosis related to H. microcephalus Sing., from which it 20-38 x 6-9. 2 Mm hyalinis, eis pilei simillimis sed differs in narrower cheilo- and dermatocystidia and saepe majoribus efformato. less narrow lamellae. Mycena umbrina A. H. Smith Ad lignum dicotyledoneum mortuum in silva differs in strongly amyloid spores. Clitocybe con- tropicali pluviali typi terrae firmae solitario. caviformis Murr. (Fla. Acad. Sc. Proc. 7: 107. "1944", 1945) from Florida seems rather similar TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, both macro- and microscopically, although the ("EMBRAPA"), 13 VII 1977, Singer B 10089 (INPA). dermatocystidia are often broader and the cheil- ocystidia longer. However, the type (FLAS) is im- This differs from the species of sect. Mycenoides mature and the spores are dubious. It is probably as far as they are similar and comparable in the rather an immature form of H. griseoniger Sing, absence of pigment and in the dimorphic cheilo- in sched. ined. (see Flora Neotropica 32:78.1 982). cystidia. The type is preserved under the herbar- ium name "Hemimycena cystidiosa" ined.

Hydropus cystidiosus Sing., spec. nov. Hydropus fuscogriseus Sing., spec. nov. Pileo albo, centre gilvo-albido, subhygrophano, haud viscoso, macroscopice glabro sed sub lente Pileo fusco-fibrilloso radiatim supra stratum ba- baud dense subtiliter pubescente, convexo, dein sale pallide griseum, papilla noduliformi sepiacea concave, obtuso, 1 1 mm lato. Lamellis albis, vel atrofusca ornato, nee viscido neque hygro- confertis vel confertissimis, angustis, stipitem ver- phano, convexo, mox circum papillam manifes- sus attenuatis et vix decurrentibus. Stipite albo, tam applanato, 16 mm lato. Lamellis sordide sub lente pubescente, apicem versus gradatim at- cremeo-griseis vel griseis, mediocriter latis. dis- tenuate, 11 x 1.5 mm. Mycelio basali sparso, albo. tantibus, intervenosis, decurrentibus. Stipite un- Came alba, inodora. iformiter griseolo-pallido, lenissime fibrillosulo sed Sporis (7.5-)9-9.5 x (3.5-)4-^.3 Mm, fusoideis haud pubescente, aequali, curvato, haud insititio, vel oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hy- 24 x 1 mm. Carne sat tenui, inodora. menio: Basidiis 1 5-26 x 6-7 MHI. Cheilocystidiis Sporis 6.5-7.7 x 4.34.7 ^m, ellipsoideis, lev- dimorphis, (1) 20-30 x 6-6.5 Mm, ampullaceis, ibus, hyalinis, inamyloideis, guttula olei ellipso-

86 FIELDIANA: BOTANY idea praeditis. Hymenio: Basidiis 31.5 x 6.5 nm, TYPUS India, Punjab, prope Patiala, Saini 19 tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis sat (F). numerosis, 30-40 x 5-8 Mm, cylindraceis vel ven- tricosis, frequenter leniter constrictis, apice rotun- This species belongs in subsect. Floccipedes and datis, hyalinis, contentu baud visibili ullo, tenui- comes close to H.floccipes (Fr.) Sing, and H. gom- tunicatis. Hyphis hyalinis, inamyloideis, fibulatis. ezii Sing., but is characterized by the mostly strik- Epicute pile! tenuiter cutiformi, ex hyphis 1.5-2.5 ingly eflfilate dermatocystidia. Mm diam. efformata, hyalina; hyphis sparse vel raro diverticulis angustis, interdum sat longis praeditis, sed dermatocystidiis nullis, structure Hydropus martensii Sing., spec. nov. Ramealium nulla. Hypodermic ex hyphis latior- ibus, nonnullis breviter cellulatis inflatisque, fus- Pileo brunneo aut fusco, sicco fusco-subfuligi- co-griseis efformato, cutiformi; pigmento disso- neo, glabro, leniter sulculato, subconfragosulo, lute, vacuolari. convexo, anguste umbilicato, in siccis 44.5 mm Ad lignum subustum in silva tropicali typi cam- lato. Lamellis subpallidis, mediocriter latis, sub- pinaranae sub arboribus dicotyledoneis solitario. confertis, decurrentibus. Stipite fuscidulo-pallido, macroscopice glabro, sub lente pruinosulo, in sic- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- cis 8-10 x 0.3 mm. Mycelio basali albo, in ligno 4 IV 10925 Caracarai, km 110, 1978, Singer B nocte alboviridi-lucens. (INPA). Sporis 5.8-7. 5(-8. 3) x (3.3-)4.5-5.2 Mm, ellip- soideis, leniter compressis, levibus, hyalinis, amy- This species is related to H. hygrophilus Sing. loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-21.5 x 6.8 Mm, te- trasporis. Cystidiis 24-41 x 8 Mm, ventricoso- subfusoideis vel ventricoso-mucronatis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis tramatis hymenophoralis H\dropus indicus Sing., spec. nov. regularis filamentosis atque frequenter inflatis (us- que ad 16 Mm), hyalinis, inamyloideis vel partim Pileo centro griseolo et margine albo in liquido, vix pseudoamyloideis, fibulatis, in stipite paral- cinerascente in siccis, glabro, subapplanato. La- lelis. Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis erectis et as- mellis albis, moderatim confertis, subhorizontal- cendentibus efformata, his 22-38 x 8.5-21.8 Mm, ibus, mediocriter latis, sinuato-adnatis cum lineis ventricosis, obtusis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis vel e ad apicem stipitis decurrentibus. Stipite albo, gla- pigmento vacuolari coriicolori-fuscis, haud hy- bro vel subglabro, subfilamentoso, sat longo, my- meniformiter dispositis. Hypodermic cutiformi, celio basali albido. Carne albida. dermatocystidiis pigmentatis, concolori. Tegu- Sporis5.5-6.5 x 4.5-5.3Mm,globosisvelsubgl- mento stipitis e dermatocystidiis (aut pilis) ver- obosis, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis siformibus (vesiculosis, ventricosis, filiformibus) 21-22.5 x 5.3 Mm, (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis 15-38 densis, interdum subhyalino tenuiter incrustatis. x 9-30 Mm, ventricosis vel globosis et longe ped- Ad lignum emortuum frondosum in silvis altis icellatis, late rotundatis ad apicem, pariete hyali- umbrosis, gregatim. na, tenui-instructis, intus hyalinis, ad aciem et latera lamellarum praesentibus. Hyphis versifor- TYPUS in monte mibus, inamyloideis, haud gelatinosis, fibulatis, 3- China, Yunnan, Yiinschan, 1 1 50 m alt., Handel- Mazzetti, her 26 Mm latis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis ten- prope Wukang Sinense no 11.207 (wu). uissimis, 1-2 Mm latis, levibus, effbrmata. Hypod- ermio ex hyphis latis et angustis efformato, cuti- formi, Tegumento stipitis ex pilis cystidiformibus This species had been identified by Keissler as efformato, his plerumque ad basin bulbose inflatis "Omphalia martensii Henn. (vel affinis)" but was et 5-7.2 Mm latis, superne longe filiformibus et not compared with the type of that species. It is filamentosis (1-3 ^m latis), apice obtusis vel su- indeed similar to the description of O. martensii bacutis vel acutis, rarius claviculariter inflatis (us- from West Borneo, but the latter has triangular que ad 3 Mm diam.), 33-90 Mm longis, aliis (rar- lamellae and is certainly different from all species ioribus) cystidiis similibus, e. gr. 12 x 5 Mm et of sect. Hydropus. Hydropus brunnescens (Murr.) ventricosis, omnibus hyalinis et tenuitunicatis. Sing, and H. omphaliformis Sing, appear to be Ad lignum. related to our South Chinese species.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 87 Dennisiomyces fuscoalbus Sing., spec. nov. crusted (in H. fulvidiscus weakly) hyphae of the cuticle, and the absence of a pseudorrhiza. Pileo fusco ("santos" M&P), centre atrobrun- neo ("cattail" M&P), leniter pellucide striatulo ad marginem, glabro vel subglabro, baud viscido, levi, Dennisiomyces rionegrensis Sing., spec. nov. ad marginem extremum plerumque albido, con- vexo, umbonato, demum circum umbonem ap- Pileo fusco ("chukker Br" M&P), centro sepi- planato vel subdepresso, 28-45 mm lato. Lamellis aceo ("autumn" M&P), per 1 mm a margine pel- albis, confertis vel subconfertis, latis, angustissime lucide striato vel sulculato, glabro, umbonato, cet- adnexis vel sinuato-subliberis. Stipite albo, glabro erum convexo, dein applanato, 50-51 mm lato. vel ad apicem aut/et basin leniter fibrillosulo, in- Lamellis albis, confertis, latis, profunde sinuatis. terdum innate fibroso, levi, cavo, aequali, 41-44 Stipite albo, glabro, anguste cavo, subaequali vel x 2.5-5 mm. Carne alba, immutabili, odore nullo, lenissime attenuato apicem versus, ad basin fre- sapore miti. quenter curvato, haud radicante, 63 x 3-6 mm. Sporis 5.7-7 x 3.7-5 nm, ellipsoideis, levibus, Carne alba, inodora. amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 22-25 x 6-7.5 /um, Sporis 5-5. 8 x 3. 8-4. 7 /xm, ellipsoideis, levibus, tetrasporis, clavatis; basidiolis haud fusoideis. hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 26.5 x Cystidiis ad aciem et latera lamellarum numerosis, 6.8-8 /urn, tetrasporis; basidiolis haud fusoideis. (27-)45-65 x (9.5-) 10-1 8 /mi, fusoideo-ventri- Cystidiis metuloideis, numerosis ad aciem et la- cosis, rarius ventricosis vel ventricoso-subampul- tera lamellarum, 73-100 x 11-16 /urn, utrifor- laceis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, plerumque subo- mibus, constrictione supra medium 10.5-12 /urn pacis, emergentibus, e tramate hymenophorali diam., apice rotundatis, apice excepto crassituni- natis. Hyphis hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, subinter- catis, pariete hyalina, inamyloidea, levi, 1-1.7 /urn textis, filamentosis, 3-5 pm latis sed multis in- crassa. Cheilocystidiis haud differentiatis. Hyphis flatis usque ad 20 pm diam., fibulatis, inamyloid- hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, fibulatis, inamyloideis, eis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex hyphis 2- haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei ex hyphis repenti- 10 MHI latis, parallelis, cylindraceis vel filamen- bus et ascendentibus, filamentosis, 2.3-4 /urn latis, tosis, hyalinis, haud gelatinosis effbrmato. Epicute pigmento intraparietali et subtiliter incrustante, pilei trichodermiali, ex hyphis, quarum cellula ter- fuligineo gaudentibus efformata; dermatocystidiis minalis dermatocystidium repraesentat, efforma- iacentibus vel erectis, brevibus vel elongatis, fi- ta;dermatocystidiisnumerosissimis21-26 x 6.5- lamentosis vel subventricosis, obtusis, pigmento 8 jim, versiformibus (saepe ampullaceis vel cla- intraparietali fuscis, e. gr. 1 1-30 x 3-4 /urn. Hy- vatis), tenuitunicatis; hyphis ascendentibus, hinc podermio cutiformi, ex hyphis frequenter ellip- inde subintertextis. Hypodermio cutiformi, strato soideis, usque ad 20 /*m latis, pigmento intrapar- superiore tenui excepto, ubi hyphae multiseptatae ietali instructis efformato. sunt et in epicutem trichodermialem transeunt, Ad folia putrescentia in silva tropicali solitario. omnibus 7-1 1 .2 nm latis, sepiaceo-spadiceis e pig- mento intraparietali et incrustante. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, prope viam Man- Omnibus partibus carpophori cum solutione aus-Caracarai, km 45, in territorio EEST, 1 1 VI phenolica (2%) immutabilibus (reactione negati- 1977, Singer B 10071 (INPA). va). Ad terrain in silvis secundariis gregatim. The small spores, the thick-walled utriform cys- tidia and the rather small dermatocystidia are TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus, 29 VI 1977, characteristic. In fresh condition an almost linear Singer B 9896 (INPA). concentric zone is mostly present just inside the striate zone of the margin of the pileus. Because of the more than 6 nm large spores, the color of the pileus (which is not gray), the hollow stipe, the nondifferentiated cheilocystidia, and the Dermoloma aposcenum Sing., spec. nov. tetrasporous basidia, this Amazonian species re- minds one ofD.fulvidiscus (Murr.) Sing. Both these Pileo cinereo (inter 5 A 8 et 5 A 9 M&P), centro species differ from Hydropus umbonatus (Peck) siccando subsepiaceo, levi, glabro, haud viscoso, Sing, in broader spores (over 3.5 (j.m broad), in- convexo, obtuso, 15-16 mm lato. Lamellis albidis,

88 FIELDIANA: BOTANY siccando pallide alutaceis, subdistantibus, regu- differs considerably in broader spores, strong taste lariter intermixtis lamellulis attenuatis, percurren- and adnate lamellae. tibus adnexis vel adnatis, vix sinuatis. Stipite di- lute cinereo, in siccis obscuriore, baud viscoso, glabro, basin versus attenuate, 23 x 3 mm (ad Xeromphalina tropicalis Sing., spec. nov. basin 2 mm lato). Carne albida vel sordide alba, inodora. Pileo ferrugineo-brunneo vel aureo-brunneo Sporis 5.8-7 x 4-4.5 nm, ellipsoideis, levibus, ("Alamo" vel "Hispano" M&P), glabro baud vis- hyalinis, tenuitunicatis in ammonia, inamyloideis. cido, pellucide striato et sulcato per medium ra- Hymenio: Basidiis 21-25 x 6-7 ^m, tetrasporis. dium, convexo, centre depresso, umbilicato, 3.5- Cystidiis et cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis inamy- 4.5 mm lato. Lamellis dilute flavis, mediocriter loideis, hyalinis vel fuscidulo-hyalinis, fibulatis, distantibus vel subdistantibus, horizontalibus, la- baud gelatinosis, inamyloideis; tramate hymeno- tis, decurrentibus. Stipite castaneo, subtiliter phorali regulari, hyphis filamentosis vel modera- pruinato, aequali, interdum apice dilatato, curvato x x tim dilatatis (e. gr. 6 Mm). Epicute pilei hymen- plerumque excentrico vel subexcentrico, 3-5 iformi, ex elementis vesiculosis, 14-18 MHI diam., 0.2-0.3 mm. Mycelio basali fibroso, radiante, fla- ex integro vel in parte inferiore sepiaceo-fuligi- vo, siccando fulvescente, abundante. Carne flav- nosis ex pigmento intraparietali efformata. ido-pallida, tenui, inodora, sapore miti. Ad humum in silva tropicali pluviali solitario. Sporis 4-5. 3 x 2. 2-3. 7 nm, ellipsoideis, levibus, hyalinis, fortiter amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 14- TYPUS Mexico, Veracruz, Estacion Biologica 16 x 4-4.5 M"i, tetrasporis. Cystidiis ad aciem et x Los Tuxtlas, 28 VII 1969, Singer M 8708 (F). latera lamellarum 22-24 4-5.5 Mm, fusoideis, rarius cylindraceis, frequenter mucronatis, raro clavatis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, baud incrustatis, Dermoloma pataguae Sing., spec. nov. inamyloideis. Hyphis inamyloideis, fibulatis. Ep- icute pilei e dermatocystidiis sparsis efformata, his

Pileo atrofusco, ad marginem albo, levi, velu- Cystidiis simillimis, e. gr. 17 x 4.5 Mm, sed fre- tino, subapplanato, 12 mm lato. Lamellis albido- quentius anguste clavatis, hinc inde hyphis ascen- griseolis, ventricosis, subconfertis, ad latera cos- dentibus hypodermii intermixtis. Hypodermic cu- tatis et plerumque leniter anastomosantibus, sin- tiformi, baud gelatinoso, ex hyphis tenuiter vel uatis, anguste adnexis. Stipite griseolo-albo, seri- crassiuscule tunicatis, subtiliter ferrugineo-incrus- ceo-fibrilluloso fibrillis albis, 40 mm longo. Carne tatis efformato. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocys- albida; odore et sapore baud notabilibus. tidiis eis pilei simillimis efformato. Sporis 6-9 x 3-4.8 Mm, cylindraceis vel ellip- Ad trunci corticem putrescentem in silva tro- soideis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis. Hymenio: picali gregatim sed baud fasciculatim. Basidiis 26-28 x 6-7 Mm, plerumque tetrasporis sed nonnullis 1-2-3-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- TYPUS Brazil, near road Manaus-Itacoatiara, ocystidiis paucis et inconspicuis, nliformibus, hy- km 21, 18 XI 1978, leg. Izonete Araujo Aguiar and alinis, e. gr. 19 x 3 fim. Hyphis inamyloideis, Maria A. de Souza, Singer B 11427 (INPA). fibulatis. Hymenophori tramate regulari, hyalino, ex hyphis 3-5 Mm latis, densis, intertextis effor- Other eccentric species of Xeromphalina are X. mato. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis 1 9- helbergeri Sing, and X. curtipes Hongo. The latter 46 x 6.8-21 Mm, levibus, pigmento intraparietali species has trimorphic, densely crowded cystidia atrosepiaceo instructis efformata. and close, later subclose lamellae, while X. hel- Ad terram inter folia dejecta Myrceugeniae bergeri has smaller and narrower spores (to 2.7 Mm planipedis Berg, ("patagua") solitario. broad) and cystidia and larger carpophores than X. tropicalis. TYPUS Chile, Colchagua, Pumanque, 7 VIII 1967, Lazo PU-130 (SGO). Xeromphalina yungensis Sing., spec. nov. This species has been indicated as possibly a variant of D. josserandii Dennis & Orton (Nova Pileo flavo ("Ta Ming" vel "Spanish Y" M&P), Hedwigia Beih. 29: 145. 1969), which however centre ferrugineo-brunneo ("Alamo" M&P), stria-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 89 to, glabro, baud vel vix hygrophano, late conico quali, stricto, verticali, interdum excentrico, 19- vel convexo, dein magis repando, umbonato vel 20 x 1-1.2 mm. Velo nullo. Mycelio basali sub- obtuso, baud umbilicato, 6-10 mm lato. Lamellis membranaceo, albo vel alutaceo-albo. Carne alba, quam pileus dilutius flavis ob aciem albidam, con- immutabili, inodora, sapore miti. fertis vel subconfertis vel mediocriter confertis, Sporis 3.3-4.7 x 2.3-3.5 /an, ellipsoideis vel baud intervenosis nee anastomosantibus, adnatis, subglobosis, ad apicem rotundatis, raro acutis, rarius subdecurrentibus, in vegetis interdum se- tenuitunicatis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloideis, acy- cedentibus. Stipite ferrugineo-brunneo ("Ala- anophilis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15.5-21.3 x 4.7-5.3 mo"), pruina subfurfuracea fulvo-brunnescente, Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis vel prope aciem sed ad apicem stipitis albida obtecto, aequali, haud cheilocystidiis simillimis. Cheilocystidiis nume- bulboso, 14-28 x 0.7-1 mm. Mycelio basali as- rosis, 15.3-23 x 4. 7-8 Mm, ventricosis vel clavatis cendente, brunneo-fulvo. Came superficiebus pal- vel ampullaceis vel utriformibus, raro vesiculosis, lidiore, immutabili, tenui, inodora, sapore in siccis simplicibus, raro prope basin bifurcatis, tenuiter miti. vel firme tunicatis, hyalinis, haud incrustatis. Hy- Sporis 3.8-4.5 x 1.8-2 /mi, ellipsoideis vel cy- phis inter septa longis, hyalinis, usque ad 13.5 /im lindraceis vel oblongis, levibus, hyalinis, amyloid- latis, in stipite parallelis, inamyloideis, fibulatis, eis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12-16 x 3-4 /mi, tetras- haud gelatinosis. Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis poris. Cystidiis ad aciem lamellarum numerosis, efformata, his cheilocystidiis simillimis. Hypod- ad latera admodum sparsis, 12-25 x 3-6 /mi, fu- ermio cutiformi, hyaline, hyphis supernis fila- soideis, aut integris aut apicaliter uni- vel pluri- mentosis et excrescentia exigua in epicutem (inter appendiculatis, appendiculis interdum bifurcatis, dermatocystidia) emittentibus, Tegumento stipitis raro appendiculis lateralibus uno vel duobus or- e dermatocystidiis numerosis efformato, his aut natis, hyalinis, firme vel crassiuscule tunicatis. cylindraceis aut cheilocystidiis simillimis, cylin- Hyphis inter hypodermium et zonam suprala- draceis ad basin dilatatis, superne 5-6 /mi latis, mellarem NaOH ope badio-rubescentibus, ten- interdum apicaliter unciformiter appendiculatis, uiter vel crasse tunicatis, fibulatis, inamyloideis. hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, 33-37 x 10.5-11 /mi. Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis raris vel sparsis, Ad lignum dicotyledoneum putrefactum in silva 19 x 5.5 /mi, cylindraceis, pedicellatis, brunneolis tropicali typi igapo (inundabili), solitario. vel ferrugineis efformata. Hypodermio tramate pi- lei pallidiore (KOH), cutiformi. Tegumento stip- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- itis e pilis cystidiformibus efformato, his admod- mazinho, 14 V 1980, Singer B 12168 (INPA). um versiformibus, aut integris et levibus apice rotundatis aut apice bi- vel tri-furcatis et frequen- Baeospora pallida Sing, is related. ter ramulis lateralibus ornatis, pariete subcras- siuscula, flavida vel brunnea instructis, 1 5^40 x 5-10 /mi efformato. Fayodia metuloidigera Sing., spec. nov. Ad lignum Angiospermarum in silva tropicali- montana gregatim. Pileo brunneo vel atrobrunneo, subtiliter pec- tinate vel radiatim innate fibrilloso, sed glaberri- TYPUS Bolivia, La Paz, Nor-Yungas, Carmen mo, convexo, rarius obtuso, plerumque papillate,

Pampa, 1 II 1956, Singer B 795 (F). 10-13 mm lato. Lamellis albis, latis, moderatim confertis vel subdistantibus, ad aciem albam sub This differs from X. caulicinalis lente sinuatis. albi- species (With. pubescente-fimbriatis, Stipite | ex Fr.) Kuhn. & Maire in smaller spores, smaller do, frequenter partim brunnescente, sub lente pu- cystidia, and habitat. bescente, levi, subaequali vel leniter apicem versus attenuate, 30-31 x 1-1.5 mm. Came alba, ino- dora.

Baeospora mundula Sing., spec. nov. Sporis 6.5-7.5 x 5-6.5 /mi, subglobosis, epis- porio aculeis subtilibus perforate et sub perisporio Pileo albo (interdum partim chromeo-flavo), externo levi aculeolato (typi XI sub photomicros- haud viscido, levi, convexo, umbonato, 9-10 mm copio), hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis lato. Lamellis albis, angustis, confertissimis, ad- tetrasporis. Cystidiis ad latera lamellarum 70-105 nexis vel vix decurrentibus. Stipite albo, admod- x 7-18 /mi, metuloideis, fusoideis vel ampulla- um subtiliter pruinoso, macroscopice glabro, ae- ceis, crasse tunicatis sed ad apicem et basin ten-

90 FIELDIANA: BOTANY uitunicatis, apice interdum bilobatis, subacutis vel phorali bilaterali, neque in strato laterali nee in obtusis, hyalinis vel pallide stramineis, (pariete mediostrato gelatinoso. Epicute pilei e palisada 1.5-5 Mm crassa), inamyloideis, sed linea rosella dermatocystidiorum erectorum efformata, his ad superficiem internam parietis in solutione Mel- gloeocystidialibus, (30-)40-67 x 6.5-9 nm, cla- zeri discernibili. Cheilocystidiis differentiatis, for- vatis vel cylindraceis, rarius fusoideis, tenuituni- ma et magnitudine pleurocystidiis similibus, sed catis, hyalinis (KOH), contentu in solutione Mel- tenuitunicatis vel firme tunicatis ex toto, frequen- zeri leniter guttato, in solutione azurei cresylici ter semel vel bis constrictis, apice interdum clav- incrustatis et intus corpusculis vermiformibus vel iculatis. Hyphis fibulatis, inamyloideis; tramate amorphis caerulescentibus instructis, apice integro hymenophorali regulari; stratis gelatinosis nullis. rotundatoque vel duobus vel quatuor appendiculis Epicute pilei cutiformi; dermatocystidiis nullis. digitiformibus vel sterigmatoideis praeditis; epi- Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis cystidiis hy- cute tramatibusque numquam gelatinosis. Tegu- menialibus simillimis efformato. mento stipitis e dermatopseudocystidiis eis pilei Ad truncum alneum (Alnus jorullensis H. B. & simillimis efformato sed his basin versus raris vel K.) vivum in silva montana (Alnetum), solitario. nullis. Ad folia delapsa in silva tropicali typi igapo (inundabili), solitario. TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 9 II 1965, Singer T3910(p). TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- mazinho, 19 III 1980, Singer B 12039 (INPA). This species differs from all species of Fayodia subg. Heterosporula in thick-walled cystidia, ex- This species belongs in sect. Cyptotrama and is cept perhaps F. xerophila Luthi & Rollin (cf. Bull. remarkable because of the absence of pigments in Soc. Myc. Fr. 88, plate after p. 172, figures c.f. the carpophore. 1972); but, having studied the type myself, I am inclined to think that the thickness of the wall in these figures has been exaggerated. Cyptotrama pauperum Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo primum rubro (2 L 8 M&P), dein roseo Cyptotrama niveum Sing., spec. nov. ("begonia," margine 2 J 8 M&P), nee viscido ne- que hygrophano, glabro vel leniter appresse vel Pileo niveo-albo, haud viscido, minute pruinato innate fibrilloso radiatim, convexo, dein convexo vel subtomentoso, levi, margine incurvo, con- vel repando-subapplanato, umbilicato, 8-37 mm vexo, obtuso, 5 mm lato. I .aim-Ills albis, moder- lato. Lamellis albis, mediocriter latis, rarius sub- atim confertis, subcrassiusculis, arcuatis, subde- latis, confertis, adnatis. Stipite roseo ("spring- currentibus vel decurrentibus. Stipite albo, in time," dein "coral pink" M&P), apice pallido vel vegetis subsericeo, in siccis sub lente ad apicem albo, glabro sed ad apicem extremum sericeo, haud pruinoso, basin versus leniter tomentoso, sicco, viscido, tubuloso, aequali vel leniter attenuate ap- aequali, 16 x 1.3 mm. Carne alba, immutabili, icem versus, 16-38 x 1-2.5 mm. Mycelio basali inodora. sericeo, albo. Carne albida vel pallida vel alba,

Sporis 10.5-16.8 x 6.7-9.3 nm, ellipsoideis, tenui, fragili, inodora. tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, levibus, inamyloideis. Sporis 9.5-12 x 4.7-5.3 Mm, fusoideis vel ob- Hymenio: Basidiis 25-31 x 8-13 nm, tetrasporis. longis, depressione suprahilari praeditis, pariete Cystidiis veris nullis. Pseudocystidiis gloeocysti- sat firma, haud crassa, homogenea, levi instructis, dialibus 35-47 x 8-12 Mm, numerosissimis, cla- hyalinis, inamyloideis, gutta globosa centrali olea- vato-ventricosis vel utriformibus, in solutione ginosa munitis. Hymenio: Basidiis 37-40 x 8-8.5 Melzeri subopacis, tenuitunicatis, inamyloideis, Mm, tetrasporis; basidiolis haud fusoideis, septo azurei cresylici ope contentu vermiformi vel gran- basali simplici. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis nu- ulari caerulescente sed pariete tenui haud roseola, merosis sed inconspicuis, 17-26 x 4.5-8.5 nm, in KOH contentu guttato vel paullum visibili re- clavatis, rarius utriformibus, subbasidiomorphis, pletis. Cheilocystidiis differentiatis haud visis. Hy- tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis hyalinis, tenui- phis hyalinis, fibulatis, inamyloideis, oleiferis (vel tunicatis, defibulatis. Tramate hymenophorali bi- gloeo-vasculis?) intus azurei cresylici ope caeru- laterali, haud gelatinoso, hyalino, ex hyphis fila- leo-granulosis (sed multis haud manifeste granu- mentosis (2-3 Mm latis) et inflatis (9-10 Mm latis) losis), longissimis intermixtis. Tramate hymeno- efformato, demum subregulari, strato laterali lax-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 91 lore mediostrato. Epicute pilei intermittente, ru- Ad humum et terram in Pinetis arenosis litor- dimentario, hymeniformi, fugaci, ex elementis alibus gregatim. dermatocystidiformibus efformata, his cheilocys- tidiis simillimis. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis TYPUS Spain, Catalonia, Prat de Llobregat, 23 filamentosis vel inflatis (3-9 ^m latis), pigmento X 1979, Singer C 9595 (F). rubro incrustatis (NH 4OH, KOH) efFormato et, ubi epicutis interrupta, hyphas 4-10 ^m latas as- cendentes emittente, similiter pigmentatas et in- terdum hymenio superficial! immixtas. PLUTEACEAE Roze Ad truncum lapsum arboris dicotydedoneae in silva typi terrae firmae, gregatim. Volvariella arenaria (Pat.) Sing., comb. nov.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus-

Itacoatiara km 65, 6 X 1977, leg. Maas, Singer B BASIONYM Pluteus arenarius Pat., Rev. Mycol.

10180 (F). 13: 136. 1891.

This species is related to C. hygrocyboides Sing., from which it differs in the absence of pleurocys- Volvariella macrospora Sing., spec. nov. tidia.

Pileo grisello-pallido, hygrophano, haud visci- do, appresse sericello, mox concavo, 10 mm lato. Lamellis liberis. AMANITACEAE Roze roseolis, confertis, Stipite albo, glabro, filamentoso-aequali, 2 1 x 0.7 mm. Annulo nullo. Volva cupuliformi, grisea. Carne alba, in- Limacella nov. grisea Sing., spec. odora.

Sporis 13-14.5 x 8.5-9.5 (-1 1) MHI, ellipsoideis, Pileo griseo (sicco "racquet" M&P, centre ob- levibus, roseo-stramineis. Hymenio: Basidiis te- scuriore), viscido, glabro, levi, convexo, obtuso, trasporis. Cystidiis e. gr. 40 x 1 6 fj,m, saccatis vel 40-60 mm lato. Lamellis albis, confertissimis, lib- ventricosis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis haud eris, haud lacrimantibus. Stipite albo, floccoso, gelatinosis, hyalinis, fibulatis. Tramate hymeno- sicco aequali, basi saepius incrassato nee bulboso, phorali inverse. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis 45-75 x 7-10 mm. Annulo albo, apicali, in parte latis, septis distantibus et haud gelatinosis effor- affixa leniter sulculato-striato. Carne superiore alba; mata. odore vix notabili. Ad terram argillosam ad marginem viae soli- Sporis 4.5-6 x 4.5-5 vel nm, globosis subglo- tario. bosis, subhyalinis, levibus, tenuiter vel firme tun- icatis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-30 x TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 5.5-7.5(-8.5) /im, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. 1 1 V 1977, Singer B 9863 (F). Cheilocystidiis nullis. Hyphis inamyloideis, ple- rumque fibulatis, septis secundariis numerosis. The combination of voluminous spores and Epicute pilei 15-25 fj.m alta, ixocutiformi, ex hy- small carpophores makes this new species unique phis filamentosis in KOH tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, among the Volvariellas described until now. 0.5-2 ^m latis efformata. Hypodermio ex hyphis latioribus, pigmento admodum dilute intracellu- lari instructis, haud incrustatis efformato (KOH). Ex hyphis hypodermialibus nonnullis dermato- Volvariella psammophila Sing., spec. nov. cystidiis natis sed in speciminibus juvenilibus tan- turn visibilibus, his 18-35 x 8.5-9.5 ^m, ventri- Pileo griseo in disco, ceterum argenteo-grisello cosis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, pedicellatis, per et mox subtiliter rimuloso (carnem albam expo- epicutem perfringentibus, sparsis vel raris, fuga- nente), sulcato, radiatim sericello, centre subgla- cibus. Superficie stipitis partim haud gelatinosa, bro, convexo, obtuso, 8-45 mm lato. Lamellis ro- partim minime subgelatinosis hyphis 2.5 nm latis seocarneis, latis, subconfertis vel confertis, liberis. obtecta. Stipite albo, glabro, aequali, solido, 17-41 x 2-4

92 FIELDIANA: BOTANY mm. Annulo nullo. Volva cupuliformi, lobata vel Volvariella subxerophytica Sing., spec. nov. sublobata, grisea, intus alba. Carne alba, inodora. Sporis 6.2-7.3 x 4.5-5.5 nm, ellipsoideis, Pileo griseolo-ochraceo, haud sulcato, fibris depressione suprahilari destitutis, roseolo-stra- ("thrush" M&P) subradialibus, subrimoso-appli- mineis, levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-19 x 8-9 catis obtecto, centre rugoso, 1 4 mm lato. Lamellis Mm, tetrasporis et bisporis. Cystidiis 26-50 x 16.5- sordide roseolis-rutilis, sat latis, subconfertis, lib- 17.3 Mm, subvesiculosis vel ventricosis, hyalinis, eris. Stipite pallido, filamentoso, glabro, aequali, tenuitunicatis, frequenter corpusculo interne in- 15 x 1-1.5 mm. Volva brunnea dein pallidiore, structis, numerosis. Hyphis fibulatis, nonnullis membranacea, cupuliformi, saepe lobata, vix to- subsphaeroideis. Epicute pilei cutiformi ex hyphis mentosa. Carne inodora. repentibus, levibus efformata. Sporis 6.8-8.5 x 4.5-5.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, lev- Ad terrain arenosam inter quisquilias vegetales ibus, roseolo-stramineis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-27 locis semiumbrosis, subxerophyticis vel mesophy- x 7.5-9.5 Mm, ventricosis vel clavatis, tetrasporis. ticis, gregatim. Hyphis defibulatis, hyalinis, filamentosis et inflatis visis. Tramate hymenophorali inverse, hyalino. in K.OH sub- TYPUS Argentina, Buenos Aires, Parque Ezei- Epicute pilei hyphosa, cutiformi, za, 1966 leg. Havrizco, Singer S 703 (BAFC). hyalina. Ad terrain interdum ligno putridissimo et arenis mixtam, locis apricis in vegetatione subxerophy- Volvariella taylori (Berk.) Sing, is related. tica typi "Monte" solitario vel gregatim.

TYPUS Argentina, Tucuman, Pie de Periquillo, Volvariella rondoniensis nov. Sing., spec. 900 m alt., 30 XII 1951, Singer T 1687 (LIL, "K taylorf). Additional collection: Argentina, Cata- Pileo pallide murino, ad marginem dense marca, Santa Maria, near Rio Santa Maria, 27 I vel haud vis- pectinaceo subrimuloso, glabro, 1962, Singer T 3752-3769 (LIL). coso, obtuse conico, 35 mm lato. Lamellis roseo- lis, confertis, liberis. Stipite albo, glabro, aequali, This species is related to V. taylori (Berk.) Sing, x sordide tenuimem- 68 3.5 mm. Volva albidula, and V. psammophila Sing. branacea, sericea, applicata. Carne alba, immu- tabili, molli, inodora.

9-1 1 x 6.3-7 sordide roseis, pariete Sporis pm, Pluteus a ma /> nii-us Sing, ex Sing., spec. nov. 0.5 mm crassa, levi, fragili instructis, ellipso- ideis. Basidiis 28-30 x 10.5-11 Hymenio: Mm, Pileo fusco-griseo, margine pallide sordideque basali defibulatis. 35- tetrasporis, septo Cystidiis griseo, siccando gradatim obscuriore, fuligineo vel 85 x 18-30 Mm, saccatis vel subvesiculosis, hy- sepiaceo (e. gr. "bracken" M&P), margine fusco sat numeros- alinis, tenuitunicatis, collabentibus, ("clove" M&P), saepe albido prope marginem, is. bene 35-58 x Cheilocystidiis differentiatis, granulis densis, marginem versus gradatim sparsis 15.5-18 nm, ventricoso-saccatis, plerumque ap- obsito, per medium radium sulcato, convexo, pap- raro 15-32 x 2.5- pendiculo apicali longo, brevi, illato, 2.5-3 mm lato. Lamellis pallide roseolis, 5.5 interdum sub inflato vel ad Mm, apice apicem acie pallide roseolis et subfimbriatis, dein sordide ceterum simili- capitate ornatis, pleurocystidiis roseis, latis vel latissimis, ventricosis, confertis vel bus. haud Hyphis hyalinis, defibulatis, gelatinosis. subconfertis, liberis. Stipite albo vel pallido, albo- Epicute pilei cutiformi, hyphosa. sericeo et sub lente pubescente, aequali vel ad ba- arboris in Ad lignum putridum dicotyledoneae sin incrassato, 7 x 0.2 mm. Carne tenuissima, silva terrae firmae submontanae solitario. typi alba, inodora. Sporis 6-7.7 x 4.8-7 Mm, breviter ellipsoideis 17 IV TYPUS Brazil, Rondonia, Ouro Preto, (e. gr. 7 x 5.5 ^m) vel frequentius subglobosis, 1978, Singer B 10969 (INPA). levibus, roseolo-stramineis. Hymenio: Basidiis 1 8- 30 x 7_9(_10) Mm, plerumque ventricosis, tetras- x The shape of the pileus, the medium-sized poris. Cystidiis 20-50 12-16.5 Mm late ventri- spores, the rostrate cheilocystidia, and simple sep- cosis vel subampullaceo-utriformibus vel subam- ta are characteristic for this Amazonian species. pullaceo-fusoideis, obtusis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 93 Cheilocystidiis similibus, sed late ventricosis vel apicem versus 1 .2-2.3 nm crassa, basin versus gra- subvesiculosis tantum, 20-50 x 7.5-20 Mm. Hy- datim attenuata, his cystidiis 60-100 x 13-30.5 phis hyalinis, defibulatis. Epicute pilei fragmen- /on. Cheilocystidiis dimorphis, (1) brevibus, 15- tato-hymeniformi, hymenio ex elementis pro ra- 30 x 10-20 Mm, ventricoso-subvesiculosis, ten- tione paucis vesiculosis 20-24 x 1 2-2 1 ^m atque uitunicatis, hyalinis, apice late rotundatis, (2) elon- dermatocystidiis numerosis 27-50 x 8-21 Mm ef- gatis, 30 x 54 x 7-21.5 nm, ceterum similibus. formatis, ambobus forma cheilocystidiis simili- Hyphis defibulatis. Tramate hymenophorali in- bus, sed pigmento dissolute vacuolari fuscidulo verso. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis 9-13.5 impletis. Dermatocystidiis stipitis hyalinis vel Mm latis, repentibus, haud gelatinosis; pigmento subhyalinis. brunneolo, dissolute, vacuolari. Ad stipulas ligneas ramulosque dicotyledoneos Ad truncos emortuos Lithocarpi gregatim. delapsos in silvis tropicalibus typi terrae firmae solitario. TYPUS USA, California, Muir Woods (Marin

Co.), 14 I 1983, Singer N 5105 (F). TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 10 X 1977, Singer B 10187 (INPA). Additional Var. exilis pileo umbrino-brunneo, ad lignum collection: Bolivia, Beni, Vaca Diez, Guayara- Lithocarpi in California occurrit. merin, 5 III 1956, Singer B 1587 (LIL). See de- Var. austriacus Sing., var. nov. A var. exili dif- scription in Lloydia 21: 260. 1958 (invalid). fert pilei colore griseo-fusco, habitatione ad Quer- cum et area (europaea).

Pluteus exilis Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Austria, Burgenland, Siegendorf, 19 IX 1 979, Singer C 9457 (wu). Additional collections: Pileo typice umbrino, umbrino-brunneo, (sed Steinbachgraben, Wiener Wald, 7 IX 1907, Hoh- interdum griseo-brunneo variante), baud viscoso, nel(FH); Rekawinkel, 28 IX 1902, Hohnel (FH). innate radiatim fibrilloso sed glabro, nudo, estria- to, baud sulcato, interdum leniter concentrice cos- This species differs from P. atricapillus (Batsch tulato, convexo, dein vel demum applanato, ple- ex Seer.) Sing, in dimorphic cheilocystidia and the rumque subumbonato, rarius obtusissimo, baud absence of superficial dark fibrils on the pileus as prominenter umbonato, 35-50 mm lato. Lamellis well as in the thin stipe which hardly ever reaches roseis, acie roseis, rarius lenissime fuscidulis ad 1 mm in diameter. It is closely related to P. xy- aciem, latis (modertatim latis vel latissimis), con- lophilus (Speg.) Sing, from South America. The fertis, liberis. Stipite pallido, umbrino- vel griseo- latter has smaller spores, the carpophore being brunneo-fibrilloso vel fibrilloso-reticulato ut min- more variable in size, and grows on wood but ime in parte inferiore stipitis, solido, aequali vel never on Fagales. gradatim e basi apicem versus attenuato sed baud bulboso, 44-60 x 3.5-5 mm ad apicem, ad basin saepe usque ad 9 mm incrassato. Carne alba, im- Pluteus glutinosus Sing., spec. nov. mutabili; sapore miti; odore nullo notabili vel len- iter terreo-farinoso. Pileo dilute brunneo, sicco obscurius fusco, pel- Sporis (6-)7-8(-8.3) x 4.5-5.5(-6.5) Mm, ver- lucide striato vel substriato ad marginem, sed vix siformibus, plerumque ellipsoideis vel ovoideis vel innate fibrilloso, glutinoso, convexo, demum con- cylindraceis, levibus, roseolo-stramineis. Hymen- vavo, obtuso, haud umbilicato, 20-25 mm lato. io: Basidiis 20-32 x 7-9.5 nm, tetrasporis. Cys- Lamellis albis, dein (in siccis) griseolo-roseis, latis tidiis metuloideis dimorphis, (1) ad et prope acies vel moderatim latis, confertis vel subconfertis, lib- lamellarum, typi Magni vel inter typum Magni et eris. Stipite albo, siccando fuscescente, glabro, gra-

Cervini intermediis, ventricoso-fusoideis, acutis cili, aequali, in siccis 25^40 x 1-2 mm. Came vel bis sterigmatoidee ad apicem appendiculatis, alba. aequaliter firme vel crassiuscule tunicatis, 50-85 Sporis 6-7.5 x 4-5.5 Mm, plerumque 6-7 x 4- x 1 5-30 Mm; (2) ad aciem et latera lamellarum, 4.8 Mm, breviter cylindraceis vel ellipsoideis vel typi Cervini, ventricosis vel ampullaceis, apice ob- ovatis, rarius breviter ellipsoideis, angustioribus tuso sed 2-3 4-appendiculatis, appendiculis cor- saepe ad latus interius depressis, pallide roseolo- niformibus, strictis vel rarius recurvatis, acutis vel stramineis, levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 19-29 x obtusis, brevibus vel elongatis, pariete e medio 5-7 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis metuloideis, om-

94 FIELDIANA: BOTANY nibus Cervini x typi modo ampullaceis, 40-75 ixocutiformi, ex hyphis leniter ascendentibus hy- obtusis 13-25 Mm, apice sed appendiculis apical- alinis, 2-6.5 Mm latis, tenuitunicatis efformata. ibus ornatis 1-4, plerumque (his brevibus, ster- Hypodermio cutiformi, ex hyphis latioribus, ple- 0.5-3 igmatoideis, nm longis), pariete ad ipsum rumque fuscis, haud gelatinosis efTormato; pig- apicem crassa (0.5-3 Mm), ceterum tenui instructis, mento vacuolari, paucis in cellulis colloidaliter hyalinis, numerosis ad latera et acies lamellarum. condensato, plerumque dissoluto. Cheilocystidiis e parte gelatinosa tramatis natis, Ad lignum emortuum dicotyledoneum in silva x 26-34 9-1 1 Mm, subvesiculosis vel late clavatis, temperata, thermophila Castanopside dominata. pedicellatis, aut 30-42 x 7-8.5 Mm, projicientibus, elongato-clavatis vel anguste ventricosis, omnibus TYPUS Japan, Kyoto, Mt. Daimonji-yama, 14 tenuitunicatis. hyalinis, Hyphis fibulatis; hyphis IX 1984, leg. Singer. Hongo et ai. Singer A 4070 oleiferis 5-13.5 Mm latis. Tramate hymenophorali (F). inverse, partim gelatinoso. Epicute pilei ixocuti- formi, ex hyphis l-2( 4) (j,m latis, hyalinis vel sub- Among the clampless species, this is character- hyalinis efformata. Hypodermio cutiformi, haud ized by gelatinous epicutis, metuloids of the Cer- gelatinoso, ex hyphis 5-10(-13.5) Mm latis, fuscis vinus-type, and consistently elongated cheilocys- efformato; pigmento frequenter colloidaliter con- tidia. densato, vacuolari. Hyphis strati externi stipitis eis epicutis pilei similibus sed minus gelatinosis. Ad truncum delapsum emortuum. Pluteus hylaeicola Sing., spec. nov.

TYPUS Panama, Panama, near the El Llano- Pileo sepiaceo-fuligineo ("bracken," "moose," Carti road, 500-800 ft alt., 29 VI 1975, Dumont "Cordovan" M&P), centre subnigro, et velutino P 1512 (NY). et hispido, ceterum glabro vel subglabro, ut min- ime sub lente innate fibrilloso-flammeo et niti- diusculo in siccis adultis, interdum minutissime Pluteus hongoi Sing., spec. nov. rimuloso, vix vel lenissime subhygrophano, haud rugoso, levi vel breviter sulcato, convexo vel late Pileo griseo, sicco fusco ("teakwood" M&P), conico-obtuso, dein magis repando, plerumque glabro, levi, nitido, viscido, subnitido in siccis, subumbonato, 36-38 mm lato. I .aim-Ills albis, dein convexo, obtuso, 29 mm lato. I aim-Mis roseolis, roseolis, acie constanter vel in siccis tantum man- confertis, latis, liberis. Stipite albo, demum ad ba- ifeste pileo concoloribus, moderatim latis vel sub- sin leniter griseolo-sordido, Fibrillis atris innatis latis, confertis, liberis. Stipite argenteo-griseo vel vel superficialibus destitute, levi, solido, aequali, dilute griseo vel ita appresse vel innate fibrilloso 33 x 3.5 mm. Carne alba, immutabili, inodora. et albo- variegate, nee pruinoso nee flocculoso, ae- Sporis6.5-8.3 x (4. 5-)5-6 Mm, plerumque 6.5- quali, ad basin plerumque incrassato sed haud bul- 7.7 x 5-5.3 Mm, roseolis vel pallide roseolis, el- boso, 38-69 x 3.3-4 mm, ad basin 5-7 mm lato. lipsoideis, paucis lateraliter subreniformibus, Mycelio basali albo. Carne alba, immutabiii, in- multis applanatione vel depressione suprahilari odora. instructis, levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 23.5-29 x Sporis 6-8 x 5.3-6.8 Mm, levibus. Hymenio: 6.5-7.5 Mm, tetrasporis, fibula basali destitutis. Basidiis 18-31 x 7.5-8.8 Mm, ventricosis, tetras- Cystidiis metuloideis typi Cervini modo ampul- poris. Cystidiis metuloideis typi Cervini tantum laceis, ad aciem et latera lamellarum sat nume- ventricosis vel ampullaceis, 52-76 x 1 1-33 ^m, rosis, 50-75 x 12-16 Mm, in parte ventricosa par- apicaliter (O-)l-S-appendiculis sterigmatoideis, iete 1 Mm crassa, ad apicem 1.5-2 Mm crassa raro breviter digitaliformibus, obliquis vel erectis, instructis, hyalinis, appendiculis spinosis vel ob- interdum bifid is. 1.5-8 x 1.5-5 Mm, ornatis et tusis 2-9 Mm longis acutis vel obtusis, omnibus pariete ad et prope apicem crassa (2.5-3 Mm) atque apicalibus ornatis. Cheilocystidiis 43-93(-l 10) x medium et basin versus gradatim attenuata et ad 5-12 Mm, omnibus elongatis, filamentosis vel cy- basin tenui instructis, omnibus hyalinis. Cheilo- lindraceis vel anguste ventricosis, apice generatim cystidiis dimorphis, (1) fortiter elongatis, 41.5-64 angustatis sed obtusis, interdum constrictis, ad ap- x 9.5-18 Mm, subfusoideis; (2) brevius ventricoso- x x icem et in constrictione 2-5 Mm diam. tenuituni- clavatis, 23-74 1 1-36 Mm, plerumque 23-30 catis, numerosis. Hyphis defibulatis. Tramate hy- 11-15 Mm, illis (1) fuscidulis vel subhyalinis, his menophorali inverse, hyalino. Epicute pilei fuscidulis, raro subhyalinis, demum saepe sepi-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 95 aceis, pigmento vacuolari. Hyphis fibulatis, inter- cellulatis, dilutissime pigmentatis, 4.5-23 ^m latis dum omnibus septis fibulatis, in aliis carpophoris efformato. nonnullis septis simplicibus notatis. Tramate hy- Ad humum in silva piceina (Picea abies Degen.) menophorali inversa, demum cellulis prope sub- solitario. hymenium subsphaerocystiformiter inflatis, nullo modo gelatinosis. Epicute pile! in parte marginal! TYPUS Czechoslovakia, Slovakia, Cadca, Ra- pilei cutiformi, baud gelatinoso, ex cellulis appli- kova, 27 VII 1974, leg. J. Kuthan & Singer, Singer catis 90-150 x 6.5-12 pm, apice obutis, tenui- C 5696 (F). tunicatis efformata, in centre pilei his cellulis er- ectis, omnibus brunneolis, fuscidulis vel sepiaceis, This species is related to P. depauperatus Rom- pigmento vacuolari, dissolute. agnesi, but is odorless and has different habitat. Ad lignum dicotyledoneum emortuum delap- Pluteus granulatus Bres. which often occurs on sum in silva typi terrae firmae (vel varzeae?). conifer trunks differs in granular epicutis with dif- ferent structure. Pluteus atriavellaneus Murr., TYPUS Brazil, Para, Belem, 5 VI 1966, Singer which rather frequently shows colors very similar B 4201 (BAFC). Additional collection: Brazil, Ama- to P. kuthanii, differs in less variable cystidia, hab- zonas, 30 km N of Manaus, 12 VII 1978, Singer itat, and distribution. B 12373 (INPA).

This species is related to P. spegazzinianus Sing, Pluteus major Sing., spec. nov. and P. martinicensis Sing. & Fiard in Pegler. It differs from the former in smaller size of the car- Pileo 67-80 mm lato, stipite albo, leniter albo- pophores and more elongated cheilocystidia; from flocculoso-ruguloso in vegetis, vix manifeste as- the latter in slender carpophores and absence of pero in siccis, 66 x 8-8.5, ad basin usque ad dermatocystidia forming flocculi on the stipe. 12 mm lato. Carne alba, immutabili, leniter ra- phanodora, miti. Macroscopice P. lilacino(Mont.) Sing, similis sed major. Pluteus kuthanii Sing., spec. nov. Microscopice P. exili Sing, simillimus est nee nota ulla distinguendus. Pileo colore Plutei atricapilli pigmentato, haud Ad truncum delapsum frondosum (quercin- viscido, glabro, levi, nudo, per tres quartas partes um?), gregatim. radii pellucide striato, 50 mm lato. Lamellis roseolis acie roseolis, sat latis, confertis, liberis. TYPUS USA, Illinois, Forest Preserve E of

Stipite albo, ad basin sordescente, ex integro gla- Wheeling, 23 VI 1985, Singer N 5195 (F). Addi- bro nee innate fibrilloso, sed longitudinaliter len- tional collection: Elk Grove Village, 19 IX 1983, iter aquose vibecino, elongato, aequali sed in parte Singer N 5128 (F). inferiore gradatim basin versus incrassato, 1 1 5 x 5 mm, ad basin 11-12 mm diam. Came alba, This is a large fungus with umbonate pileus, inodora, sapore miti. the umbo covered by erect fibrils, but it has white Sporis 6-7(-7.2) x 4.5_5.7(_6) Mm, ovatis vel stipe. Similar forms with strongly scabrous stipe, breviter ellipsoideis, rarius subglobosis, levibus. but the fibrils dark colored as in Leccinum sca- Hymenio:Basidiis21-29 x 7.5-9 pm, ventricosis. brum (Bull, ex Fr.) S.F. Gray, occur in Europe and Cystidiis 45-75 x 12.5-23.5 nm, tenuitunicatis, seem to be "intermediate" between P. major Sing, ampullaceis, collo aequali, raro leniter capiculato and P. exilis Sing. They are inserted under a her- vel apicem rotundatum versus attenuate instruc- barium name (F: C 9473, C 5 126, "Pluteus scaber tis, paucis appendiculis minusculis uno vel qua- ad int.") and cannot be formally described, since tuor apicalibus ornatis, hyalinis. Cheilocystidiis their status is not fully clear to me. They might 21-54 x 8-19 fim, versiformibus, plerumque fu- represent a European subspecies of P. major. soideo-ventricosis vel subclavatis, frequenter ten- uissime mucronatis, hyalinis. Hyphis tramatis pi- lei usque ad 40 nm latis, defibulatis. Tramate Pluteus melanopotamicus Sing., spec. nov. hymenophorali inverse, hyalino. Epicute pilei ex hyphis horizontalibus vel vix subascendentibus, Pileo fusco-griseo, centre atrogriseo, in siccis parallelis, fusiformibus vel subclavatis, longissime fuligineo ("biskra" vel 8 E 1 in centre, ceterum

96 FIELDIANA: BOTANY "African" M&P), sicco, radiatim fibrilloso, fibril- culato, lenissime venoso-ruguloso in centre, sed lis ad marginem innatis, in centre superficialibus, saepe sublevi in vegetis, campanulato vel ovoideo, in umbone erecto-hispidis, atris supra fundamen- dein campanulato-convexo, subumbonato vel tum pallidius, densissimis ornato, convexo, um- umbonato ut minime in adultis, (18-)23-45 mm bonato, dein circum umbonem baud altum de- lato, 16-18 mm alto. Lamellis primum albis acie presso, baud vel vix sulcato, baud rugoso, 42-52 albis, dein grisellis et grisello-roseis, ut minime in mm lato. Lamellis sordide roseolis, sat latis, con- siccis, subconfertis vel confertis, liberis. Stipite fertis, acie pallidis, liberis. Stipite albo, interdum albido vel albido-sordido, sed baud atro-fibrilloso ad basin griseolo, baud atro-fibrilloso, aequali, gla- neque in vegetis neque in siccis, glabro, aequali, bro, nudo, sicco, levi, 44-65 x 3-4 mm. Carne ad ipsam basin subincrassato, 41-46(-55) x 2.5 alba, immutabili, inodora. mm, ad ipsam basin 34 um diam. Carne alba, Sporis dimorphis, (1) 6-7.5 x 5.5-6.5 urn, (2), immutabili. 8-9.5 x 7.5-8.5 nm, 0.2-1 nm longioribus lati- Sporis (5.5-)6-6.5(-7) x 5(-5.5) Mm, breviter tudine, globosis vel breviter ellipsoideis, plerum- ellipsoideis vel subglobosis, rosellis, levibus. Hy- que subglobosis, levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 19- menio: Basidiis 20.5-22.5 x 7-8.5 Mm, clavatis, 20 x 8.5-9 Mm, tetrasporis, ventricosis. Cystidiis dein ventricosis, tetrasporis, nonnullis sclerificatis sat numerosis, baud metuloideis sed pariete 0.3- pariete usque ad 0.5 Mm crassa munitis. Cystidiis 0.6 Mm crassa instructis, 30-7 1 x (9-) 1 3-20.5 Mm, ad aciem et latera lamellarum sat numerosis, 1 5- ventricosis, rarius subampullaceis, aut late rotun- 50 x 10-24 Mm, clavato-ventricosis vel ventri- datis aut apice 14, plerumque 2-3 appendiculis cosis, tenuitunicatis, integris, ad aciem lamellar- subglobosis vel breviter digitaliformibus ornatis, um semper fere, ad latera frequenter fuscidulis e hyalinis, baud manifeste incrustatis. Cheilocysti- pigmento dissolute, vacuolari. Hyphis defibulatis. diis 30-59(-71) x 7-15(-20) Mm, clavatis, raro Tramate hymenophorali inverse. Epicute hymen- ventricosis vel ampullaceis, baud appendiculatis, iformi vel subhymeniformi (post pluvias in zona tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Hyphis defibulatis, sed fi- marginali pilei subconfusa), ex elementis ventri- x bulis plerumque incompletis rarissime observatis. coso-clavatis, breviusculis e. gr. 25 13 Mm et Tramate hymenophorali inverse, hyalino. Epicute dermatocystidiis interspersis efformata. Derma- x pilei in margine pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis termin- tocystidiis 40-59 18-31 Mm, ventricosis, ad ap- alibus applicatis, pigmento vacuolari aut dissolute icem late rotundatis; pigmento in cellulis epicutis aut partim colloidaliter condensato impletis effor- pilei vacuolari, dissoluto vel colloidaliter conden- mata, discum versus pilis dermatocystidioideis ag- sato, fusco vel fuscidulo. gregatis, fuscis, ascendentibus vel erectis, basin Ad lignum emortuum dicotyledoneum in silva versus ventricosis et 1 0-1 1 nm latis, apicem versus tropicali typi varzeae (inundabili), gregatim, rarius plerumque cylindraceis vel attenuatis et 2-6 nm solitario. latis, obtusis, numerosis, 60-90 nm longis; pig- mento vacuolari. In stipitis superficie dermato- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha Marchantaria, cystidiis baud visis. 9 III 1983; leg. Singer, Araujo, Walker & Adis; Ad lignum emortuum dicotyledoneum delap- Singer B 12397 (F). Another specimen [Parana do sum in silva tropicali typi igapo, gregatim. Janauaca, 23 V 1980, Singer B 12182 (F)] is prob- ably conspecific. It also comes from varzea vege- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- tation but had cystidia and cheilocystidia all hya- mazinho, 13 III 1983, Singer B 12426 (F). line, without pigmentation.

The characters of this species are, in a way, in- termediate between sect. Pluteus and sect. Hispi- doderma. Since P. albostipitatus (Dennis) Sing, is Pluteus dennisii Sing, ex Sing., spec. nov. obviously closely related, I insert P. melanopo- tamicus in sect. Hispidoderma. Pluteus varzeicola Sing, differt stipite minute atropunctato e dermatocystidiis, acie lamellarum in maturis alba, cheilocystidiis hyalinis, habita-

Pluteus varzeicola Sing., spec. nov. tione in silva baud inundabili.

Pileo fusco, marginem versus fusco-griseo, atro- TYPUS Trinidad: Non Pareil, Sangre Grande, griseo vel atrofusco in juvenilibus, mox longe sul- 11 X 1949, Dennis 152 (K).

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 97 This species is close to P. varzeicola Sing, but The habit of this species reminds one of some differs from it as well as from P. psychriophorus Micropsalliotas, but otherwise this is a typical rep- (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. and related species. Pluteus resentative of Leucoagaricus, sect. Rubrotincti. minutus Pat. (type from Vietnam: Hanoi, seen, FH) is also related to P. varzeicola and P. dennisii, and has been recollected by me in South America: Bra- Leucocoprinus bakeri (Dennis) Sing., comb. nov. zil: Bahia, Itabuna, on discarded cacao pods, 7 VI 1973, Singer B 11119 (INPA). Here, the stipe is not BASIONYM Lepiota bakeri Dennis, Kew Bull. dark punctate as in P. dennisii and the spores are 483. 1952. Cf. Singer, Brenesia 19/20: 42. 1982. more spherical (4-6 x 3.8-6 Mm, mostly 5.2-5.6 x 5-5.4 Mm) than in P. varzeicola. In my earlier papers I combined all these Plutei with P. psy- Hiatulopsis aureoflava Sing., spec. nov. chriophorus as varieties, but they are apparently separated by fairly constant character combina- Pileo aureo ("Florida gold" M&P), marginem tions, by their ecological requirements, and by ge- versus flavo ("primuline Y" M&P), subtiliter den- ography. The type (K) of P. psychriophorus has seque flocculoso, flocculis detergibilibus, per me- been redescribed by me (Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc. dium radium pectinato, obovato vel campanulato,

39: 208, fig. 56, 1956). 7 mm lato, 1 1 mm lato. Lamellis albidis, angustis, ascendentibus, confertis, subliberis vel liberis. Stipite flavido ("amber Y" M&P), supra basin au- reo ("Florida gold") et tomentoso-balteato, sub- AGARICACEAE Roze tiliter flocculoso-pulverulento supra zonam to- mentosam, apicem versus attenuate, 36 x 1.8 mm, Leucoagaricus tricolor Sing., spec. nov. ad basin 4 mm diam. Annulo volvaque nullis. Mycelio basali albido. Sclerotiis nullis. Carne alba, Pileo purpureo margine pallidiore, hie purpu- inodora. rello-fibrilloso radiatim supra fundamentum pal- Sporis (in typo paucis) 7-10 x 5.5-6.5 Mm, el- lidum sed haud sulcato nee pectinate nee rimoso, lipsoideis, pariete initio homogenea dein typi XI sed partim subsquamuloso, convexo, obtuso, 6 mm modo ornamentata (photomicroscopice), hyalina lato. I arm-Ills pallide griseis, siccis brunneo-gris- instructis, poro germinativo destitutis, inamyloid- eis, confertis, mediocriter latis, liberis. Stipite albo, eis, depressione suprahilari destitutis. Hymenio: ex integro pruinoso, aequali vel basi leniter in- Basidiis 22-34 x 1 1-13 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis crassato, 14 x 0.6 mm. Annulo fragmentario, fu- nullis visis. Hyphis debibulatis, hyalinis in KOH, gaci, albo, pruinoso-pubescente. Came alba vel tenuiter tunicatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hymen- albida, tenui. ophorali regulari, hyphis intertextis. Epicute pilei Sporis (7.5-)8.2-9 x 4.5-5.2 Mm, ellipsoideis, ex hyphis admodum irregularibus, latis, intertextis pariete duplici et poro manifesto germinativo sed efformata; pigmento intercellulari. imperfecto instructis, hyalinis, pseudoamyloideis, Ad radicellas et folia delapsa in silva tropicali levibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 24-27 x 7.5-9.5 Mm, typi campinarana solitario. tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ex hy- phis acieis lamellarum cylindraceis vel filamen- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- x tosis, stramineo-ochreis natis, 23-38 5. 5-10 Mm, Caracarai, km 45, 28 II 1978, Singer B 10733 clavatis, tenuitunicatis, stramineo-ochreis. Hy- (INPA). phis defibulatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hymeno- phorali regulari, hyalino. Epicute pile! ex fasciculis hypharum parallelarum applicatarum, interdum Cystolepiota albogilva Sing., spec. nov. furcatarum, 2-8 Mm latarum efformata quae in nonnullis locis partim ascendunt, stramineo- Pileo dilute gilvo-flocculoso supra fundamen- ochrea; et pigmento intraparietali incrustante nul- tum pallidum et ad marginem albo, flocculis pri- lo. Ad terram inter argillosam quisquilias in silva mum subvenose dispositis, convexo, dein subap- tropicali typi terrae solitario. firmae, planato et centre leniter depresso, usque ad 1 mm lato. Lamellis albidis vel pallide cremeis, satis an- TYPUS Brazil, 30 Amazonas, km N of Manaus, gustis vel latis, confertis, liberis. Stipite albo vel 3 IV B 10868 1978, Singer (INPA). pileo concolori, macroscopice glabro et nudo, sub

98 FIELDIANA: BOTANY lente subtiliter pruinato, glabrescente, aequali, 1 5- transverse septatis efformata, certis in locis bis- x 19 1-2 mm. Annulo nullo. Mycelio basali albo trata vel tristrata (sic epithelium intermittens for- vel albido. Came alba, inodora. mante), his elementis 9-19 x 7.5-14 nm, ina- x Sporis 3.8-5.5 2.5 nm, ellipsoideis, baud myloideis, haud incrustatis, tenuitunicatis, in KOH truncatis nee calcariatis, levibus, in KOH hyalinis subincoloribus. Hypodermic cutiformi, dense, ex vel flavido-hyalinis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis, hyphis multiseptatis, versus pilei trama angus- inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 11-13 x 3.54.5 tioribus efformato. nm, tetrasporis, basidiolis baud fusoideis. Cysti- Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa, putrescentia, diolis sparsis, 7-1 5 x 5-7 jum, basidiomorphis sed solitario. basidiis sublatioribus. Nonnullis basidiis et cys- tidiolis passim intus pseudoamyloideis, sed eorum TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, pariete inamyloidea. Hyphis hyalinis, tenuituni- 17 V 1977, Singer B 9643 (INPA). catis, inamyloideis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei profun- da sed intermittente, epitheliali, ex cellulis angu- 25 flavido- laribus, subisodiametricis, nm diam., Cystolepiota potassiovirens Sing., spec. nov. stramineis efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex elementis multiseptatis, horizontalibus, hyphali- Pileo brunneo vel atrobrunneo, sed umbone ex- bus, flavido-stramineis efFormato. cepto minute alutaceo-pallido-furfuraceo, prae- et in Ad terram quisquilias palmigenas silva se- sertim sub lente viso, convexo, papilla vel umbone cundaria, typi terrae firmae sed igapo vicina. exiguo centrali ornato, 10 mm lato. Lamellis biso- fuscis, latis, subventricosis, subconfertis, liberis. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ponta Negra, 1 I Stipite atrocastaneo, pruinato, levi, stricto, subae- 1978, Singer B 10445 (INPA). quali, 17 x 0.8-1 mm. Carne superficiebus con- colori, inodora. Sporis 3.3-4 x 2.5-3 ^m, ellipsoideis, hyalinis, Cystolepiota amazonica Sing., spec. nov. KOH ope virescentibus, inamyloideis sed pig- menti violacei solutione (in medio acetico ex ele- Pileo ferrugineo-brunneo vel subcastaneo, ne- mentis epithelii exudante) lilascentibus, poro ger- que hygrophano nee viscido, glabro, leniter ven- minativo et depressione suprahilari destitutis, oso-ruguloso vel sublevi, margine demum sub- pariete apparenter simplici instructis. Hymenio: sulculato, campanulato, papillato, 3 mm lato et Basidiis 15-21 x 5 ^m, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nul- alto. Lamellis albis, siccis pallide sordideque brun- lis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromorphicam 31- neolis, subconfertis, moderatim angustis, baud in- 57 x 7-9.5 Aim, ampullaceis, rarius anguste utri- tervenosis, liberis vel peranguste adnexis. Stipite formibus, apice aut constrictione 5-5.5 ^m diam., castaneo, glabro, apicem versus attenuato, 12 x hyalinis vel intus pallidissimegriseis vel sublividis 0.8 mm. Annulo nullo viso. Mycelio basali albo. (KOH). Hyphis flocculorum pilei epithelialiter Carne alba in vegetis, tenui, inodora. dispositis, cellulis subglobosis vel angularibus, 1 0- Sporis 2.5-2.8 x 2-2.2 ^m, subglobosis vel glo- 25 Mm diam. Hypodermic continue, cutiformi, ex bosis, pro ratione firme tunicatis, cyanophilis, ple- cellulis hyphalibus, saepe pluriseptatis, tenuitun- rumque (sed haud omnibus) pseudoamyloideis, icatis, ad septa constrictis efformato. Pigmento ep- levibus, hyalinis, azureo cresylico haud metach- icutis et hypodermii in medio acido violaceo, in romaticis. Hymenio: Basidiis 11-12.5 x 3.5-4.5 alkalino viridi. Aim, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis di- Ad terram in silva tropicali primaria typi terrae morphis, ( 1 ) ampullaceis, apice tenui sed interdum firmae solitario vel gregatim. sursum leniter anguste claviculari, basi et medio ventricosis, (2) ventricosis vel subvesiculosis, late TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus obtusis, ambobus hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, ina- ("EMBRAPA"), 31 XI 1977, Singer B 10247 (INPA), myloideis, magnitudine elementorum epicutis pi- with photo. lei. Hyphis in tramate pilei et stipitis hyalinis, haud gelatinosis, fibulis nullis vel rarissimis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex hyphis anguste cylin- Lepiota gomezii Sing., spec. nov. draceis vel filamentosis, densis, debiliter pseudoa- myloideis efformato. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, Pileo albo, subsquamoso, lanoso, nee striato nee ex elementis ventricosis et vesiculosis, interdum pectinato, umbone nudo, convexo, umbonato, 7-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 99 in silva 1 1 mm lato. Lamellis albis, liberis. Stipite albo, Ad folia dicotyledonea delapsa tropicali subglabro vel lanoso, aequali sed ad basin gra- typi terrae firmae solitario. datim incrassato, 16-27 x 1-1.5 mm, ad basin usque ad 3.5 mm diam. Superficiebus KOH ope TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, brunnescentibus. 26 XII 1977, leg. Izonete Araujo Aguiar & Singer Spur is 5-6 x 3-4 urn, ovoideis, depressione su- B 10409 (INPA). prahilari vel applanatione destitutis, calcare et poro germinativo nullis, levibus, azurei cresylici ope Lepiota apalochroa (Berk. & Br.) Sacc. is related. baud metachromaticis, pseudoamyloideis, levi- Lepiota apalochroa and L. izonetae both belong bus. Hymenio: Basidiis 6.7 pm latis, tetrasporis. in sect. Cristatae. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem lamellarum heteromor- pham, 18-40 x 4-8 fim, ampullaceis vel subcy- lindraceis, apice saepe incrassatis vel basi incras- Lepiota xanthophylloides Sing., nom. nov. satis, apice in ampullaceis 4-6 Mm diam., obtusis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis vel pallidissime BASIONYM Lepiota xanthophylla Sing., Sy- substramineis. Hyphis defibulatis, inamyloideis. dowia Beih. 7: 67. 1973, non L. xanthophylla Or- Epicute pilei trichodermiali, ex elementis elon- ton, Trans. Brit. Myc. Soc. 43: 289. 1960. gatis, multiseptatis efformata, sphaerocystibus nullis. Ad quisquilias in ramentosis sub quercubus in Chamaemyces(?) paraensis Sing., spec. nov. silva ectotrophica tropicali. Pileo fuligineo ("elk" M&P), subtiliter sub lente TYPUS Costa Rica, Guanacaste, 7 km NW of velutino in centre et pubescente ad marginem, sed Bagaces, October 1982, Gomez 18713 (F). macroscopice glabro, levi, nee viscoso neque hy- grophano, subapplanato, umbonato, 1 7 mm lato. Lamellis grisello-pallidis, ad aciem pallide succi-

I .op iota izonetae Sing., spec. nov. neis et sub-erosis, confertissimis, satis angustis et linearibus, horizontalibus, liberis vel profunde Pileo aurantio-ferrugineo vel ferrugineo-brun- sinuato-liberis. Stipite griseo ("grey 31" M&P), neo in centre integro, aurantio-ferrugineo vel fer- glabro, aequali, 30 x 1.8 mm. Carne pilei grisea rugineo-brunneo-squamuloso supra fundamen- in strato superno, bubalina in inferno, pallide gri- tum album circum discum, levi, campanulato- sea in stipite, inodora. convexo, obtuso, 7 mm lato, 6 mm alto. Lamellis Sporis 5-7.8 x 3.5-5 Mm, plerumque 7x5 ^m, albis, acie albis, moderatim latis, confertis, liberis. ellipsoideis, depressione suprahilari destitutis, Stipite albo, sed leniter albido vel ferrugineo-ma- levibus, hyalinis, strato externo parietis carmini culato-fibrilloso in parte inferiore, aequali, ebul- acetici ope atrorubro tincto sed saepe obsolete et boso, exannulato 39 x 2 mm. Velo annuliformi endosporio azurei cresylici ope haud metachro- nullo sed margine pilei albo-fibrilloso e velo. Carne matico instructis, exosporio azurei cresylici ope alba, immutabili, inodora. atrocaeruleo, tola pariete inamyloidea, nucleis Sporis6-7 x 4.5 /xm, ellipsoideis, calcare desti- binis. Colore sporarum pulveris ignoto, sed eum tutis, poro nullo, pariete hyalina, levi, leniter aut albidum esse aestimo. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-23 fortiter pseudoamyloidea. Hymenio: Basidiis 1 7- x 6.5-7 Mm, tetrasporis, clavatis, basidiolis haud 20 x 6-8 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- fusoideis. Cystidiis admodum sparsis, paucis, ocystidiis 27-53 x 8-1 1 /um, clavatis, hyalinis, Cheilocystidiis simillimis. Cheilocystidiis dimor- acie lamellarum ex eis heteromorpha. Hyphis haud phis, (1) frequenter conniventibus, 25-40 x 5-5.5 gelatinosis, tibulatis. inamyloideis. Epicute pilei ex Mm, cylindraceis vel cylindraceo-subutriformibus, cellulis terminalibus hypharum ascendentibus et massis resinaceis succineis vel ochraceo-brunneis cystidiformibus efformata, his interdum aggrega- amorphis incrustatis, (2) sparsis, ampullaceis vel tis, immo subhymeniformiterdispositis, 30-38 x cylindraceis, 29-40 x 2-5 Mm, hyalinis et haud 13.5-23 Mm, ventricosis vel subvesiculosis, inte- incrustatis; ambobus typis hyaline et tenuiter tun- gris, levibus, parietibus crassis, brunneis (0.5-1.8 icatis. Hyphis defibulatis, inamyloideis, in zona Mm diam.) instructis, ex hyphis basalibus ex hy- supralamellari pilei angusta hyalinis, ceterum ra- podermio hyalino vel subhyalino ascendentibus dialiter dispositis et pigmento intracellulari dis- natis. soluto et intraparietali et incrustante atrofusco im-

100 FIELDIANA: BOTANY pletis atque obtectis, in stipite parallel is. Tramate cinnamomeo-griseolis, subconfertis vel mediocri- hymenophorali regular!, hyaline (NH4OH), 25 ter confertis, satis angustis, sed subventricosis, an- ^m diam. Hyphis 2-22 nm latis, in nulla parte guste adnexis. Stipite albo, glabro, nudo, evelato, gelatinosis. Epicute pile! ad marginem ex derma- cavo, aequali, 31-42 x 0.6-1.2 mm. Carne ino- tocystidiis baud continue hymeniformiter dispos- dora. itis, his prostratis vel saepius erectis, 13-25 x 4- Sporis 6.7-7.5(-8.2) x 4.3-4.8 Mm, ellipsoideis 6.5 /zm, fusoideo-ventricosis vel ampullaceis, ex- vel ovoideis, lateraliter visis phaseoliformibus, crescentiis tenuibus, brevibus hypharum hypod- levibus, poro germinativo, pallido, truncate ermii interspersis; pigmento nullo vel vacuolari et munitis, in NH 4OH castaneis, in K.OH griseis. Hy- dilutissime fuscidulo; in centre pilei epicute hy- menio: Basidiis plerumque tetrasporis, his et cys- meniformi vel subhymeniformi, elementis cla- tidiis (praesentibus?) collapsis in typo. Cheilocys- vatis, ventricosis vel ampullaceis et usque ad 26 tidiis 23 x 8 /^m, utriformibus. Hyphis fibulatis x 7 fim, plerumque hyalinis, integris, obtusis. Hy- in tramate pilei pigmento intraparietali melleo in- podermic cutiformi, sed a strato superno tramatis structis, in stipite subparallelis et hyalinis. Epicute pilei vix differentiate, pigmentato pigmento atro- pilei hymeniformi, ex elementis 1 5 x 1 2 ^m, sub- fusco intracellulari atque incrustante. Tegumento vesiculosis, erectis efformata. Hypodermio ex ele- stipitis e dermatocystidiis et excrescentiis erectis mentis subvesiculosis verticaliter catenulatis, pal- hypharum longitudinalium efformato. Dermato- lide ochreis (KOH) efformato et subepithelioso. x cystidiis 10-20 3.5-5 nm, versiformibus, e. gr. Tegumento stipitis subnullo. filamentosis, subulatis, subvesiculosis. Ad frustula foliorum putrescentium et lignea in Ad detritum in silva humida topicali solitario. silva typi varzeae (inundabili) gregatim.

TYPUS Brazil, Para, Belem, Estancia Pirelli, 7 TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Lago Janauari, 18 VI 1 966, Singer B 4243 (BAFC) ("Mellomyces par- IV 1983, Singer B 12447 (F). aensis" in herb.). This species, common in varzea vegetation, This new species is of somewhat uncertain taxo- should be compared with Psathyrella dichroma nomic position, but according to the majority of (Berk. & Curt.) A. H. Smith, but in this Cuban its characters fits best in Chamaemyces. By some species the stipe is less slender, the lamellae are characteristics and its habit it reminds one of the distant, and the general habit seems different. neotropical species of Podabrella, but the epicutis and the spores are different and aberrant for that genus and the basidia are not siderophilous as they Psathyrella lignatilis Sing., spec. nov. are in other Termitomyceteae. Lepiota rufipes Morgan sensu Kuhner and possibly Schulzeria Pileo carneo-griseo, centre subbiso, hygro- squamigera Schulz & Bres. appear to be related. phano, glabro, nudo, evelato, centre levi, margine per duas tertias radii pellucide striato et sulcatulo, convexo, subumbonato, 23-30 mm lato. Lamellis porphyrio-brunneis, satis angustis, confertissimis, COPRINACEAE Roze adnatis. Stipite albo, nudo, cavo, aequali, 26 x 2 mm. Carne alba, inodora. x Psathyrella indica (Sathe & Daniel) Sing., comb, Sporis 7-8.7 4.7-5.7 ^m, ellipsoideis, poro nov. germinativo manifesto nullo sed ad apicem pariete multum attenuata instructis, levibus, bene pig-

BASIONYM Phaeomycena indica Sathe & Dan- mentatis, in NH 4OH porphyrio-brunneis, in KOH x iel, MACS Monogr.l: 97. 1980. Related to P. ty- griseis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16.5 7.8 ^m, tetras- phae. poris. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis numerosis ad aciem et prope aciem, plerumque utriformibus, nonnullis late ventricosis vel clavatis, 28.5-40 x Psathyrella janauariensis Sing., spec. nov. 8.5-14.3 /on, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis tra- matis hymenophoralis regularis subhyalinis vel Pileo brunneo, hygrophano, per quatuor quintas ochreo-hyalinis, latis vel latissimis. Epicute pilei partes radii pellucide striato et sulculato, glabro, hymeniformi ex elementis subvesiculosis effor- conico, 10-15 mm lato, 3.5-5 mm alto. Lamellis mata, subhyalina.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 101 Ad lignum putridum dicotyledoneum in silva TYPUS USA, Michigan, Berrien County, War-

arenosa typi campinarana gregatim. ren Woods, 29 IX 1973, Singer N 4500 (F).

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- This is a rare species belonging in sect. Fibril-

Caracarai, km 45, 1 1 VII 1977, Singer B 10076 losae; it is obviously different from all species of (INPA). Psathyrella described in Smith's monograph (1972). This Amazonian species differs from P. cam- pest ris (Earle) A. H. Smith in being lignicolous in campinarana vegetation, and in its naked stipe, Psathyrella varzeae Sing., spec. nov. narrower basidia, and much better developed germ pore of the spores. It differs from P. cordobaensis Pileo saturate brunneo in humidis, fortiter hy- A. H. Smith especially by larger spores. grophano, dehydratione in disco gilvo, ceterum gilvo-pallido, glaberrimo, levi, nudo, evelato, ob- tuse conico, dein conico-convexo vel convexo, in Psathyrella segregis Sing., spec. nov. humidis pellucide tantum striato, estriato in siccis, 25-3 1 mm lato. Lamellis atrobrunneis vel vina- Pileo fusco-griseo vel melleo-griseo, hygro- ceobrunneis, haud griseo-tinctis umquam, angus- phano, dehydratione dilute griseo-ochraceo, per 5 tis, confertis, in maturis intervenosis, adnexis. mm a margine pellucide striato, obtuse conico, Sporis in massa atrocastaneis. Stipite albo, glabro, glabro, nudo, 20 mm lato. Lamellis dilute griseis, nudo, cavo, aequali et ad basin abrupte incrassato siccis grisello-brunneis, confertis vel subconfertis, vel apicem versus gradatim attenuato, 42-108 x acie saepe pallidis, mediocriter latis, ventricosis, 2-4 mm, ad basin usque ad 5.5 mm lato. Velo adnexis. Stipite albo, prope basin pallide fusci- nullo. Carne partim subbrunneola, pallescente, in dulo, glabro, nudo, subaequali, sed plerumque gra- stipite alba, inodora. datim attenuato apicem versus, 48-49 x 3-4 mm. Sporis 6.5-8 x 4-5 Mm, ovoideis vel ellipso- Velo nullo. Carne stipitis alba, immutabili fractu, ideis, raro lateraliter visis phaseoliformibus, lev- odore farinae. ibus, bene pigmentatis, in ammonia brunneis, in Sporis 6.3-7(-8) x 3.7-4.3 ^rn, in ammonia KOH sepiaceis, poro germinativo lato, apicali, porphyrio-brunneis, post unam horam brunnes- truncate munitis, guttula rotunda centrali interna centibus, ellipsoideis vel subcylindraceis, leniter repletis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24 x 7-8 Mm, hyalinis, vel vix angustioribus et plerumque leniter phas- tetrasporis. Cystidiis metuloideis, numerosissimis eoliformibus lateraliter visis, levibus, poro ger- ad aciem et latera lamellarum, 34-66 x (9_)iQ- minativo apicali, centrali, truncate munitis. Hy- 26 Mm, hyalinis vel subhyalinis, numquam ubivis menio: Basidiis 13-16 x 6-6.5 ^ni, hyalinis, brunneis, in parte superna crasse tunicatis (pariete tetrasporis. Cystidiis sat numerosis, 31-50 x 4.5- hie (l-)2 4 Mm diam., interdum apice ipso solido), 8 Mm et cylindraceis aut x 9-1 5 MHI et ampullaceis, basin versus gradatim tenuius tunicatis, incrus- tune apice aequali, obtuso vel dilatato-subcapitato tatione tenui hyalina vel subhyalina manifesta, (6-8 MHI diam.), hyalinis vel subhyalinis, tenui- ammoniac ope haud virescente obtectis, ut min- tunicatis. Cheilocystidiis numerosis, cystidiis ad ime ad apicem extremum, fusoideis vel late fu- x aciem intermixtis, 25-33 9-15 Mm et saccato- soideis. Cheilocystidiis e. gr. 30 x 10 Mm, versi- ventricosis, interdum mucronatis, aut 19-28 x formibus, frequenter ampullaceis, tenuitunicatis, 10-15 Mm et ventricoso-vesiculosis, omnibus ten- collabentibus. Hyphis pallide brunneolis, fibulatis uitunicatis et hyalinis. Hyphis fibulatis, in tramate (in tramate pilei, KOH). Tramate hymenophorali hymenophorali regulari brunneolo-hyalinis regulari. Epicute pilei epitheliosa, hyalina vel sub- (NH 4OH). Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex elemen- hyalina. Hypodermio brunneo. x tis erectis, 40-52 20-25 Mm, hyalinis vel sub- Ad terram in silva tropicali typi varzea grega- hyalinis, vesiculosis vel ventricosis, interdum an- tim. guste mucronatis, tenuitunicatis, numquam incrustatis efformata. Hypodermio cutiformi, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Lago Janauari, 18 brunneo, sed sine pigmentis incrustantibus man- III 1983, Singer B 12430 (F). ifestis. Dermatocystidiis nullis vel perpaucis et raris. This belongs in subg. Homophron sect. Cysti- Ad terram sub Tiliis solitario. diosae and is related to P. cystidiosa (Peck) A. H.

102 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Smith but different because of its truncate germ & Watling is the same. Velenovsky described the pore and the darker color of the pileus, the some- cystidia as echinulate; in the type (PR) such cystidia what shorter spores and metuloids, the longer stipe, are absent. and the habitat in varzea. It also differs from P. spadicea (Schaeff. ex Fr.) Sing, in well-pigmented spores and from P. hesleriaffinis Sing, in the ab- Conocybe izonetae Sing., spec. nov. sence of a veil. Pileo fuscidulo-brunneo, pallido-virgato, in ve- getis pallucide striato, hygrophano, convexo, ob- tuso, glabro, 7 mm lato. Lamellis ochraceo-brun- BOLBITIACEAE Sing. neis, confertis, sat latis minime ventricosis, adnexis. Stipite pallido, subtiliter pubescente (sub lente), Conocybe amazonica Sing., spec. nov. aequali sed pseudorrhiza longa praedito, (cum pseudorrhiza) 85 x 0.2 mm. Carne inodora. Pileo ochraceo-brunneo, hygrophano, glabro, Sporis 8.7-9.5(-10.5) x 5-5.7(-6) nm, ellipso- longe pellucide striato, campanulato-subhemis- ideis, depressione applanationeque suprahilari phaerico, 6 mm lato. Lamellis ferrugineo-brun- destitutis, levibus, pariete crassa, in ammonia bene neo-ochraceis, latis, subventricosis, subascenden- pigmentata et poro germinativo lato, truncate tibus, acie pallidis. adnexis. Stipite ad apicem albo, munitis. Hymenio crysallis in ammonia nullis. subtus pallide brunneolo, sparse minute farinaceo- Basidiis 14.5-18 x 8.5-9.5 fim, tetrasporis. Cys- pruinosulo, haud radicante, aequali, 43 x 0.5mm. tidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis lecythiformibus 14- Came pallida vel pallide brunneola et tenui, ino- 21 x 6.5-7^m, hyalinis, capitulo 3. 3-4. 5 ^m diam. dora. Hyphis fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymeniformi, ex Sporis 13.5-15.5 x 8-8.5 urn, ellipsoideis, lev- elementis latis, subisodiametricis, subvesiculosis ibus, bene pigmentatis in ammonia, poro germi- vel vesiculosis, hyalino-tunicatis efformata; der- nativo lato, truncate munitis. Hymenio in am- matocystidiis paucis, dermatocystidiis capitatis monia haud crystallophoro. Basidiis 24.5 x 7-12 stipitis simillimis. Tegumento stipitis e dermato- Mm, (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis cystidiis et pilis hyphosis efformato; dermatocys- 23-32 x 7-10 Mm, lecythiformibus, hyalinis vel tidiis lecythiformibus (capitulo 2.5-4 nm diam.) intus brunneolis, capitulo globoso, 5-7(-7.8) nm 17-21 x 3-6.5 Mm et late ventricosis, haud cap- diam. Hyphis fibulatis. Epicute pilei hymenifor- itatis, obtusis, 10-26 x 6. 5-8. 5 /im. Pilis hyphosis mi. Tegumento stipitis dermatocystidiis singulis (12-)50-60 x 2-2.5 Mm, sed saepe ad basin 3-5.5 et aggregatis sed haud continuis efformato, der- Mm latis, hyalinis. matocystidiis lecythiformibus, 29-32 x 7-10 Mm Ad terram in silva tropicali typi terrae firmae numerosis et aliis etiam sat numerosis, 23 x 10 solitario. Mm, his capitulo destitutis, omnibus hyalinis. Pilis hyphalibus longis nullis. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, Ad frustula lignea in silva tropicali typi terrae 23 III 1978, Singer B 10855 (INPA). firmae solitario.

This belongs in sect. Mixtae where it is re- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, markable because of its pallid, radicant stipe. 1 1 V 1977, Singer B 9862 (INPA).

Conocybe javanica Sing., spec. nov. Conocybe digitalina (Velen.) Sing., comb. nov.

Pileo ferrugineo-coriicolori, radiatim ruguloso, BASIONYM Galera digitalina Velen., Nov. Myc. margine striatulo, subincurvo, conico, 44 mm lato. Nov. (Opera Bot. Cech. 4): 70. 1947. C. subpu- Lamellis concoloribus, confertis, angustis, haud bescens Orton 1 960 belongs here. ventricosis, acie albis, adnatis. Stipite subconco- lori vel pallidiore, sericeo-fibrilloso et longitudi- Conocybe echinata (Velen.) Sing., comb. nov. naliter sulcato, tenui, cavo, pileo longiore, radi- cante(?). BASIONYM Galera echinata Velen., Nov. Myc. Sporis cruciformibus, raro triangularibus, ut Nov. p. 69. Conocybe sordida (Kuhn. ex) Kuhn. in Inocybibus, 3 vel 5 nodis obtusis, raro his ab-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 103 sentibus, membrana duplici 0.8 Mm crassa ina- sat angustis, liberis. Stipite ex integro albo vel al- myloidea, levi instructis, laete ferrugineis in am- bido in vegetis sed siccando brunneo, ad apicem monia, atro-rufo-castaneis in KOH, lateraliter visis pruinato, cavo, filiformi, pseudorrhiza mani- angustioribus (lentiformibus), poro germinativo festa attenuata munito, (cum pseudorrhiza) 35-80 late truncatis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15-21 x 6.5-8 x 1-1.2 mm. Carne inodora. x Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis Sporis 7-9 4.8-5 Mm, ellipsoideis, levibus, 12.8-19 x 4-6.2 /xm, lecythiformibus, capitulo ferruginascente-melleis in ammonia, ferrugineis 2.5-5 Mm diam., hyalinis. Hyphis fibulatis. Tra- sed haud intense coloratis in KOH, poro germi- mate hymenophorali typi Conocybarum modo re- nativo munitis. Hymenio in ammonia crystallis gulari. Epicute pilei subhymeniformi, ex elementis aculeiformibus nullis. Basidiis tetrasporis. Cysti- 45-62 x 16-31 Mm clavato-ventricosis vel sub- diis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 14-17 x 6-9 Mm, le- vesiculosis, longe pedicellatis, ferrugineobrunneis cythiformibus, hyalinis, capitulo 2.5-3.5 Mm diam. efformata (pigmento intraparietali et incrustante), Hyphis fibulatis, eis stipitis parallelis et incolori- sed hyphis repentibus 1-3 Mm diam. hymenium bus in vegetis, pallidissime ochraceis sed haud pig- in certis areis obtegentibus. Tegumento stipitis in mento intraparietali notabili visibili et incrusta- typo obscuro, sed apparenter eo C. nodulososporae tione nulla, omnibus hyphis fibulatis. Tramate simili. hymenophorali pallide brunneolo, typi Conocy- In silva tropicali. barum (sensu stricto) modo regulari. Epicute pilei cellulari-hymeniformi, dermatocystidiis nullis. TYPUS Indonesia, Java, Hohnel, herb, sheet no. Tegumento stipitis in parte media stipitis der- 3860 (FH). matocystidiis lecythiformibus destituto, sed der- matocystidiis vesiculosis apicaliter prolongatione Conocybe nodulosospora (Hongo) Watling is filiformi sat brevi saepe praeditis et pilis hyphosis closely related. The new species from Java has few hyalinis longis nonnullis praesentibus. nodules on each spore and I have not observed Ad terram inter folia delapsa in silva tropicali. dermatocystidia on the pileus. TYPUS Bolivia, Riberalta, 31 III 1956, Singer B 2403 (LIL, holotype; BAFC, syntype). Conocybe leporina (Velen.) Sing., comb. nov. This differs from C. izonetae Sing, by the rather BASIONYM Galera leporina Velen., 1. c. p. 68. small spores and less developed pseudorrhiza and Similis est C. siliginea var. neoantipus (Atk.) Kiihn. especially by the absence of lecythiform derma- sensu Kiihn. non Atk. tocystidia on the stipe.

Conocybe mesospora var. subalpina Sing., var. nov. Conocybe stictospora Sing., spec. nov.

A var. mesospora sporis nonnihil majoribus dif- Pileo brunneo (14 J 10 M&P), hygrophano, sic- fert: Sporis (9-) 10-1 1(-1 1.5) x (5-)5.2-6(-6.5)Mm. cando pallidiore (11 C 4 M&P), lenissime visci- Habitat in zona Alpium subalpina ad terram inter dulo, glabro, nudo, convexo, demum margine re- gramina. curvato, 31 mm lato. Lamellis ochraceis ("desert" M&P), confertis, angustis, anguste adnexis. Stipite TYPUS Switzerland, Vaud, above Pont de Nant, albo vel albido, basin versus brunneolo, e basi x 1300 m alt., 6 VII 1984, Singer C 9682 (F). incrassata apicem versus leniter attenuate, 53 3.5 mm, ad basin 7 mm diam. haud radicante, cavo, superficie sub lente subtiliter farinosa. Carne Conocybe myosura Sing., spec. nov. inodora. Sporis 7-7.5(-8.5) x 3.5-4.2(-4.7) Mm, non- x Pileo ochraceobrunneo ("Martinique" M&P), nullis (e basidiis bisporis natis) 9 4-^4.5 Mm, hygrophano, pellucide striato et inter strias palli- punctatis (in juvenilibus ornamentatione nulla visa, diodre per 4/5 vel 5/6 radii, glabro, convexo dein in sporis binis ornamentatione frequenter haud subapplanato, papilla exigua ornato vel subum- manifesta), poro germinativo truncato munitis, bonato, 1 5 mm lato. Lamellis ochraceo-brunneo- bene pigmentatis, quaternis plerumque ellipso- lis ("topaz" vel "spruce Y"), acie pallidis confertis, ideis, aliis plerumque fusoideis. Hymenio: Basidiis

104 FIELDIANA: BOTANY 13-21 x 6-7 Mm, multis tetrasporis, paucis bis- 6-9 x 5-7 Mm in parte basali inflata; illis 1 7 x poris. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis lecythifor- 6 Mm, capitulo 3.5-4 Mm diam. mibus, 12-19 x 3.5-6 nm, capitulo 2. 5-4 Mm diam. Ad humum in silva tropicali pluviali solitario. Hyphis fibulatis. Tramate hymenophorali typi Conocybis modo regular!. Neque hymenio neque TYPUS Mexico, Veracruz, Estacion Biologica tramate ammoniac ope crystalligero. Epicute pilei de los Tuxtlas, 7 km a Monte Pio, 23 VI 1969, maxime e parte hymeniformi, e cellulis 1 2 Mm Singer M 8185 (F). latis efformato. Dermatocystidiis in pileo nullis. Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis lecythifor- This species belongs in sect. Mixtae and is re- mibus (capitatis) 12-20 x 3.5-6 nm (capitulo 2- lated to C. xylophila Sing., but it is not lignicolous; 6 Mm diam.) et pilis hyphosis longis, hyalinis ef- the color of the pileus tends towards gray, the stipe formato. Interdum dermatocystidiis reductione is more distinctly pigmented, and dermatocystidia partis ventricosae causa e capitulo pedicellate tan- are absent on the pileus. Conocybe xylophila is turn consistentibus. much more widely distributed than originally an- Ad folia putrescentia in silva tropicali typi terrae ticipated. Aside from Chile, this species also oc- firmae solitario. curs in Venezuela (M. Gariglia & E. Rodrigez, 1 2

II 1981) and Mexico (Singer M 8711, F). TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N ofManaus, 25 V 1977, Singer B 9715 (INPA). Pholiotina altoandina Sing., spec. nov. The covering of the stipe corresponds to that of sect. Mixtae, but the ornamentation of the spores Pileo atroceraceo-brunneo vel castaneo-brun- refers this species to subg. Ochromarasmius. neo (7.5 YR 5/6 Mu), haud viscose, macroscopice glabro et nudo, subtiliter striato, anguste campan- ulato vel convexo, haud repando, obtuso, 7.5-13 Conocybe tuxtlaensis Sing., spec. nov. mm lato. Lamellis subconcoloribus, acie palli- dioribus, mediocriter confertis, lenissime ventri- Pileo grisello-ochreo vel ochraceo-subgriseo, cosis, mediocriter confertis, adnatis vel emargin- hygrophano, glabro, per medium radium pellucide ato-adnatis. Stipite pileo pallidiore (2.5 YR 8/ striato et leniter sulculato, convexo, obtuso, 6 mm 4 Mu), in siccis pallidissime brunneolo et ad basin lato. Lamellis subferrugineo-ochraceo-brunneis, dilute brunneo, pruinato-pubescente ut minime ad acie albis, latis, subliberis, subconfertis vel me- apicem, aequali sed ad basin nonnihil incrassato, diocriter distantibus. Stipite pallide brunneo, 11-55 x 1-1. 5 mm, ad basin usque ad 3 mm diam. subglabro, subaequali, 1 1 x 0.5 mm. Carne tenui, Velo nullo. Carne tenui; odore et sapore debilibus, inodora. subfarinaceis fractu. Sporis 6-7.5 x 3.5-4.3 Mm, ellipsoideis vel fu- Sporis 9-1 1.5 x 5.3-6.8 Mm, ellipsoideis, levi- siformibus, levibus, bene pigmentatis (aureo- bus, poro germinativo truncato manifesto muni- ochraceis in ammonia), poro germinativo lato, tis, melleo-ochraceis in aqua, intense ferrugineis truncato munitis. Hymenio: Basidiis 13-15.3 x in KOH, nonnullis sporis (e basidiis bisporis natis) 5.5-6.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilo- 12-16 x 6.5-8 Mm. Hymenio: Basidiis 15-30 x cystidiis 12-16.8 x 5.5-7.2 Mm, capitulo 2.8-4.3 (6-)6.5-8.5(-9) Mm, tetrasporis, perpaucis vel mul- Mm diam., hyalinis, vel partim pallidissime brun- tis bisporis immixtis, sterigmatibus hyalinis vel neolis. Hymenio ammoniac ope haud crystallo- ferrugineis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 19-50 phoro. Hyphis nbulatis. Epicute pilei hymenifor- x (5-)7-9 Mm, ampullaceis, rarius ventricosis et mi, ex elementis 21-25 x 12-19 Mm, vesiculosis late mucronatis, apice frequentius cylindraceo et pediculatis, plerumque tenuitunicatis, paucis quam claviformi et 3.5-5.8 Mm lato, obtusis, hy- crassius tunicatis (pariete 0.2-1 Mm crassa), pig- alinis. Hyphis nbulatis. Tramate hymenophorali mento intracellulari brunneolo, dissoluto repletis typi Pholiotinarum modo regulari. Epicute pilei efformata. Dermatocystidiis in pileo nullis. Teg- hymeniformi vel demum subirregulariter subhy- x umento stipitis (in parte mediana stipitis) e der- meniformi, ex elementis 13-32 9-14.5 Mm, sub- matocystidiis lecythiformibus et haud lecythifor- vesiculosis et frequenter pedicellatis, interdum us- mibus efformato; his subglobosis vel ellipsoideis que ad 36 x 12.2 Mm (dermatopseudoparaphyses?) et breviter angusteque mucronatis aut pilum Ion- et dermatocystidiis 49-55(-67) x 7-15 Mm Cheil- gum hyphosum, 0.5-1.8 Mm diam. emittentibus, ocystidiis simillimis vel utriformibus, rarius sub-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 105 clavatis efformala, omnibus aut hyalinis aut brun- Tegumento stipitis ad apicem stipitis e dermato- neolis, pigmento intraparietali et partim, saepe ad cystidiis (eis pilei et cheilocystidiis simillimis) et basin cellularum, incrustante. Tegumento stipitis pilis hyphosis filamentosis, interdum apice clav- ad eius apicem e dermatocystidiis efformato, his iculatis vel subcapitatis, longis, tenuibus effor- dermatocystidiis pilei similibus. In parte mediana mato; in parte mediana dermatocystidiis perpau- stipitis dermatocystidiis sparsis et minoribus, in- cis vel nullis praesentibus. conspicuis, sed pilis hyphosis hyalinis, numerosis Ad Carices (Carex pichinchensis H. B. & K.) in praesentibus. silva andina (Weinmannia, Miconia, cum multis Inter muscos, Leptopodium aut Senecionem su- Riccardiis) gregatim. pra terram uliginosam in silvis altoandinis et in zona alpina supra 3750 m. TYPUS Colombia, Risaralda, Santa Rosa de Cabal, Quebrada La Sierra, 3550 m alt., 26 1 1 980,

TYPUS Colombia, Risaralda, Valle de la Que- Boekhout 370 (F). brada Betania, Hacienda La Sierra, 25 I 1980,

Boekhout 361 (F). Additional collection: Argen- tina, Tucuman, Cumbres Calchaquies, Quebrada Pholiotina coprophila (Kiihner) Sing. var. exigua del Matadero, 4500 m alt., 12 I 1963, De la Sola (Sing.) Sing., comb. nov. T 15 (BAFC). exiguus Sing. Ann. Myc. 34: 344. 1936. The type of B. exiguus (now at F) Pholiotina caricicola Sing., spec. nov. differs from Pholiotina coprophila var. coprophila because of the small size of the pileus (1 .2-2.5 mm Pileo pallide sordideque brunneo (10 YR 7/6 broad) and stipe (3.0 x 0.5-1.0 mm) and the al- Mu), hygrophano (siccando 1 YR 8/6 Mu), longe pine habitat at between 1950 and 2000 m in the striato in humidis, estriato in siccis, convexo, dein Catalonian Pyrenees. subrepando et debiliter umbonato 3-12 mm lato. Lamellis subconcoloribus pileo humido, subdis- tantibus vel mediocriter distantibus, acie minute Pholiotina ealaensis (Beeli) Sing., comb. nov. flocculosis, albidis, adnatis vel subdecurrentibus. Stipite flavido-castaneo ad apicem (10 YR 5/8 BASIONYM Galera ealaensis Beeli, Bull. Soc. Mu), vel castaneo vel atrobrunneo (7.5 YR 3/4 Roy. Bot. Belg. 61: 89. 1928 (Conocybe ealaensis Mu), ex integro pubescente, ad apicem subtiliter (Beeli) Watling, Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 43: 189. albo-pruinoso, plerumque curvato, subfiliformi, 1 973). This species originally described from trop- abrupte incrassato ad ipsam basin, 7-8 x 0.4-0.5 ical Africa has been observed by me in Bolivia, mm. Velo nullo. Carne in stipite dilute grisello- Beni, Guayaramerin, 11 III 1956, Singer B 1825 alutacea, in strato externo basis atra, subinodora, (LIL). sapore "subnullo." Sporis 9.5-ll(-13.5) x 5.5-6.5(-8.5) urn (eis quam 1 1 ^m majoribus e basidiis oligosporis na- Pholiotina maireiaffinis Sing., spec. nov. tis), dilute brunneolo-ochraceis, levibus, ellipso- ideis, raro subreniformibus, poro germinativo lato, Pileo flavido-ochraceo, hygrophano, siccando truncate munitis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-23 x 6- pallidiore, haud viscose, in siccis breviter et de- 10 /inn, tetrasporis, paucis 1-2-3-sporis intermix- biliter sulcato, glabro, convexo, obtuso, centre in- tis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem la- terdum depresso, 10-1 5 mm lato. Lamellis ochra- mellarum heteromorpham 10-31 x 4-7.5 fim, ceobrunneis, confertis vel mediocriter confertis, ampullaccis vel lecythiformibus et tune subcapi- ventricosis, latis, adnexis. Stipite albo, ad apicem tatis (capitulo 2-5.5 nm diam.), constrictione sub minute pruinato, aequali, 8-2 1 x l .3-2 mm. Velo capitulo 1.7-4 nm diam. Cystidiolis prope aciem nullo. Carne alba, interdum in basi stipitis fus- lamellarum 22-25 x 6.5-7 jim, apice 3 ^m latis, cescente, inodora. ampullaceis, obtusis. Hyphis nbulatis. Tramate Sporis 6.7-8 x 4-5 nm, ellipsoideis vel subob- hymenophorali typi Pholiotinarum modo regu- longis, levibus, pariete 0.3-0.4 nm crassa, duplici, lari, brunneolo-ochraceo. Epicute pilei hymeni- ochraceo-brunnea, levi munitis, poro germina- formi, sed saepe intermittente; hie dermatocysti- tivo apicali manifesto, truncate vel haud trun- diis cheilocystidiis simillimis interspersis. cate praeditis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-21 x 6.5-

106 FIELDIANA: BOTANY 7.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- perpaucis subphaeseoliformibus, poro germinati- diis inter basidis sparsis ad aciem lamellarum, vo truncate instructis, dilute ferruginascente- (15-)20-33 x 5.5-8.5 Mm, ampullaceis, apice ob- ochraceo-brunneis. Hymenio: Basidiis 17-21 x tusis et cylindraceis vel superne claviculatis, 2.5- 4.5-6 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocys- 4.5 Mm diam. ad apicem, pariete tenui, hyalina. tidiis utriformibus, vel ventricoso-subcapitatis vel Hyphis fibulatis, in stipite hyalinis, baud gelati- cylindrico-capitatis, raro sublecythiformibus, 1 1- nosis. Tramate hymenophorali typi Pholiotina- 21 x 3.5-7 Mm. Hyphis tramatis hymenophoralis rum modo regulari, hyalino. Epicute pile! hymen- regularis fibulatis, subbrunneolis. Epicute pilei hy- iformi, ex elementis (10-)21-32 x 10-18 Mm, meniformi, ex elementis vesiculosis vel breviter vesiculosis vel late ventricosis, interdum pedicel- ventricosis, hyalinis, sed ad basin vel in media latis, hyalinis, ad basin interdum ferrugineis atque parte inferiore frequenter ferrugineo-brunneo-in- paucis dermatocystidiis cheilocystidiis simillimis, crustatis, 19-40 x 7-22 Mm efformata. Hypod- e. gr. 29 x 9 Mm efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi, ermic pigmento ferrugineo-ochraceo-brunneo in- e catenulis cellularum multiseptatarum (brevium), crustante colorato, cutiformi. Superficie stipitis latarum, pigmento ferrugineo-ochraceo intrapar- dermatocystidiis praevisa, ut minime ad apicem ietali instructarum efformato. Tegumento stipitis stipitis. ex elementis vesiculosis eis pilei simillimis sed vix Ad truncum delapsum emortuum (Acer aut hymeniformiter dispositis nee non e dermatocys- Quercus) in silva riparia solitario. tidiis et pilis hyphosis efformato; dermatocystidiis 24-27 x 4-7 Mm, ampullaceis vel utriformibus; TYPUS USA, Illinois, Cook County, Harms 16 pilis aut e mucrone dermatocystidiorum aut ex Woods X 1983, Singer N 5147 (F). hyphis externis stipitis natis et usque ad 45 x 2 This North American can be distin- Mm, ad basin autem frequenter dilatatis. species from related narrow Ad terram inter herbas secundum semitam sil- guished species by spores. Within the of P. intermedia vestrem gregatim. group (Smith) Sing, several species are known to be lignicolous but in these the exception of a deter- TYPUS USA, Illinois, Ogle County, White Pine (with specimen mined Naucoria appendiculata Murr., Murrill F State Park, 9 X 1976, Singer N 7591 (F). 18367), the spores are broader and the cheilocys- tidia are or In this This species is related to C. mairei Kiihner but lecythiform sublecythiform. P. microspora comes closest to Murrill F differs in larger carpophores, non-lacrimant lamel- group, 18367 and P. intermedia, but appears to be clearly lae, somewhat broader spores, more versiform different from both. the species with am- dermatocystidia of the stipe and fewer dermato- Among P. ap- cystidia of the pileus. It also comes close to P. pullaceous cheilocystidia, microspora proaches P. filipes (Atk.) Sing, but it is not really pygmaeoaffinis (Fr.) Sing, (sensu Lange, Kiihner) related nor is it close to P. appendiculata from which it differs in smaller spores and car- (Lange Kiihner ex pophores. & Watling) Sing.

Pholiotina striaepes (Cooke) Sing., comb. nov. Pholiotina microspora Sing., spec. nov.

BASIONYM Naucoria striaepes (Cooke) Sacc. 5: Pileo pallide brunneo, in umbone brunneo, hy- 839. 1887. Watling correctly considers this differ- grophano, leniter pellucide striato in humidis, gla- ent from P. pygmaeoaffinis. It was also observed bro, nudo, convexo, umbonato, 13 mm lato. in Austria (leg. Hohnel sub nom. Galera spartea, Lamellis ochraceis, confertis, mediocriter latis, ro- FH). tundato-adnatis. Stipite albo, ad basin mox brun- neo, ad apicem farinoso, subaequali, haud bul- boso, 20 x 1.5 mm. Velo haud appendiculato in margine pilei sed annuliformi; annulo membran- STROPHARIACEAE (Sing.) Sing. aceo, fugaci. Carne inodora, in basi stipitis brun- nea. Stropharia viloriana (Dennis) Sing., comb. nov. Sporis 6-7.7 x 3.2-4 Mm, ellipsoideis, rarius ovatis, depressione suprahilari instructis vel des- Hypholoma vilorianum Dennis, titutis, levibus, haud punctatis, lateraliter visis Kew Bull. 15: 135, fig. 97 (p. 133). 1961.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 107 Naematoloma umbrosum (Velen.) Sing., comb. nov. cutiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis, appressis, hy- alinis, 1.5-3.7 jzm latis efformata, tenui. Hypod- BASIONYM Galera umbrosa Velen., Opera Bot. ermic cutiformi ex hyphis in strato superiore hy- Czech. 4: 69. 1947. This species, with "nauco- alinis, in strato inferiore e pigmento intraparietali rioicT habit, has nonlentiform spores 7.8-12.8 x et incrustante castaneo-brunneo fusco-brunnes- 4.5-6.5 nm, spadiceous-brown, with truncate germ centibus, aut 3.7 nm diam. aut latioribus effor- x pore; it has cheilocystidia 26 7.6-8 ^m, am- mato. x pullaceous, and chrysocystidia 38-65 9-10.5 Ad terrain inter et ad lichenes et muscos in zona Aim; the hymenophoral trama is strictly regular, alpina extra pineta (P. mugo) solitario supra saxa the basidia bear four spores, the lamellae are broad calcarea. dark fuscous. The habitat is among mosses (Po- lytrichum and others) in a swampy Alnetum in the TYPUS Austria, N.O. Hoch-Schneeberg, shade. The only specimen found (PR) is not the 1900 m alt., 16 VIII 1979, Singer C 9168 (wu). holotype (which apparently has not been con- served) but authentic and corresponds to the orig- This species, because of its alpine habitat, is inal description fairly well. The species is char- comparable to Psilocybe chionophila Lamoure and acterized by its colors, the umbo, the variable Geophila velifera Favre. From the latter it differs spores and the small size of the carpophores. Pho- in somewhat smaller spores, larger pileus and liota aberrans Smith & Hesler which has some smaller stipe; from P. chionophila it also differs in characteristics in common with Velenovsky's smaller spores and non-gelatinous epicutis as well species differs in colors, narrow lamellae, and as in its habitat on calcareous soil. It differs from probably the glutinous stipe. both in the shape of the cheilocystidia.

Psilocybe alpestris Sing., spec. nov. Psilocybe februaria Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo brunneolo-ochraceo, hygrophano, siccan- Pileo brunneolo-ochraceo ("samovar" M&P), do dilute gilvo-ochreo, haud viscoso, glabro, mar- in disco subferrugineo ("gold pheasant" vel "Al- gine extremo excepto omnino nudo, levi, semig- amo" M&P), partim venoso-rugoso, praesertim loboso-convexo, obtuso, 10-11 mm lato. Lamellis circum umbonem, sed desiccatione sublevi, haud brunneis, confertis vel subconfertis, latissimis, late viscoso, glabro et nudo in adultis, mox circum adnatis vel leniter subdecurrentibus, in vetustis umbonem depresso, 12 mm lato. Lamellis brun- saepe secedentibus et apparenter rotundato-sub- neis ("oak" M&P), latissimis, ventricosis, subdis- liberis. Stipite pallide brunneo, subglabro, basin tantibus, adnatis vel adnexis, ad aciem pallidis. versus attenuate, sicco, 13-14 x 2-2.4 mm. Velo Stipite stramineo, stramineo-nbrilloso ex toto, ae- ad marginem extremum pilei floccoso et appen- quali, 22 x 2 mm. Velo in typo nullo. Carne in- diculato, in stipitis apice subtiliter fibrilloso vel odora. inconspicue annuloso, sed annulo mox evanes- Sporis 5-6 x 44.4 x 3.5-4 yum, ovatis vel el- cente, colore pallido, albido. Mycelio basali albo. lipticis frontaliter visis, lentiformibus, ellipticis la- Came pallida, partim brunneolo-pallida, in siccis teraliter visis, levibus, poro germinativo apicali pallida, haud caerulescente, inodora. manifesto, truncato instructis, sordide olivaceo- Sporis 5.5-7.3 x 4.4-5.5 x 3.7-4.5 MHI, late melleis et crassitunicatis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12.5- ellipsoideis, lateraliter visis ellipsoideis, frontaliter 1 5 x 5.2-6 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- visis numquam rhomboideis nee subangularibus, ocystidiis 17-17.5 x 4.5-5.5 nm, versiformibus, levibus, in medio aquatico (neutrali) sine colore plerumque utriformibus, rarius ventricoso-fuso- lilaceo vel ardesiaco, sed brunneis vel fuscis, fusco- ideis, obtusis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis fi- brunneis in KOH, poro germinativo sat lato, trun- bulatis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, subhy- cato instructis. Hymenio: Basidiis 6.5 fim latis, alino vel pallide melleo, haud gelatinoso, ex hyphis tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 14.5- tenuitunicatis, subparallelis vel subintertextis ef- 17.8 x 8.7-9.3 in Mm, acie lamellarum hetero- formato. Epicute pilei haud gelatinosa, ex hyphis morpha numerosissimis, late clavato-ventricosis, filamentosis, subhyalinis, intertextis efformata, rotundato-obtusis, hyalinis. Hyphis fibulatis. Tra- tenui. Hypodermio fortiter intertexto vel subin- mate hymenophorali regulari, haud gelatinoso, termixto, ex elementis 12-16 x 9-10 fim, fulvo- fuscidulo e pigmento intraparietali. Epicute pilei brunneis, haud incrustatis, hyphis magis elongatis

108 FIELDIANA: BOTANY intermixtis efformato. Tegumento stipitis in eius Tegumento stipitis e dermatocystidiis eis pilei apice e dermatocystidiis efformato, his cheilocys- simillimis efformato. tidiis similibus sed frequenter minoribus. Ad terram in margine viae silvaticae in silva Ad terram secundum semitam extra silvam in primaria typi terrae firmae gregatim vel caespi- zona tropicali-montana solitario. tose.

TYPUS Bolivia, La Paz, Nor-Yungas, San Je- TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 25 km N ofManaus, ronimo, 7 II 1956, Singer B 976 (LIL). Reserva Ducke, 28 VI 1978, Singer B 11261 (FNPA).

This species is comparable to P. physaloides (Fr. Among the species of sect. Psilocybe this species ex Merat) Quel. sensu Lange, Moser but certainly is recognized by the combination of a dry pileus different, and not even similar to Agaricus phys- (epicutis not gelatinous) and comparatively vo- aloides Fr. sensu Fries. luminous spores which are very broad and rhom- bic, furthermore by the numerous dermatocystidia of the pileus and the extremely sparse pleurocys- Psilocybe pericystis Sing., spec. nov. tidia which are not differentiated from the non- ampullaceous cheilocystidia. Our Brazilian species Pileo sepiaceo, vix hygrophano, haud viscoso, seems to be close to P. acutipilea (Speg.) Guzman, macroscopice glabro sed sub lente in siccis e der- from which it differs in colors and shape of the matocystidiis pubescente, convexo et subumbon- carpophores as well as in broader spores and larger ato vel umbonato, demum circum umbonem ap- cheilocystidia which are different in shape. planato, 8-22 mm lato. Lamellis concoloribus, confertis vel subconfertis, latis, adnexis (haud ad- natis), ad aciem pallidis. Stipite concolori, mac- Melanotus decapitatus Sing., spec. nov. roscopice glabro, sub lente subtiliter e dermato- cystidiis pubescente, sicco, nudo, aequali, haud Pileo dilute ochraceo in siccis, tomentoso, mar- radicante, 10-23 x 0.5-1 mm. Velo nullo. My- gine rotundato-incurvo, subcirculari, convexo, in celio basali albido, ascendente. Carne superficie- siccis 2-6 mm lato. Lamellis brunneis vel dilute bus concolori vel paullum pallidiore, haud caeru- fuscis, confertis, mediocriter latis. Stipite sicco lescente; odore debili, iucundo, fugaci, pomaceo. ochraceo-brunneo, parvo, excentrico vel laterali. Sporis 7.5-10.5 x 6.8-10 x 6.3-7.5 MHI, cor- Mycelio basali albo. diformibus vel rhomboideis (angulis subrotun- Sporis 6-7 x 4.5-5.3 x 3.5-4.3 pm, rotundato- datis), frontaliter latissimis, levibus, poro germi- subhexagonis frontaliter visis, poro germinativo nativo lato, truncate instructis, in aqua pura haud apicali, lato, truncate instructis, omnibus mani- violascentibus nee ardesiacis, in KOH atrofuscis. feste lentiformibus, levibus, umbrinis vel sordide Hymenio: Basidiis 25 x 9 pm, tetrasporis. Cys- melleis. Hymenio: Basidiis 14-18 x 6.5-7 /mi, tidiis et chrysocystidiis veris nullis. Cheilocystidiis tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad ad et prope aciem lamellarum 45-67 x 8-13 nm, aciem heteromorpham 10-30 x 3.5-6 /mi, apice plerumque utriformibus, aliis subcylindraceis vel 2-23 x 1.5-2.5 fim cylindrico, fusoideo-ampul- anguste ventricosis, hyalinis vel subhyalinis. Hy- laceis, pedicellatis, apice filiformi vel attenuate, phis tibulatis. haud gelatinosis. Tramate hymen- hyalinis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, fibulatis. Tra- ophorali regulari, hyaline vel pallide brunneo, vel mate hymenophorali regulari, hyalino. Epicute pi- fusco e pigmento intraparietali, lenissime incrus- lei ab hypodermic vix differente pigmento minus tante, ex hyphis plerumque inflatis efformato. Ep- incrustante, ex hyphis ascendentibus laxis, haud icute pile! e dermatocystidiis erectis saepe agglu- gelatinosis efformata. Hypodermii hyphis quam tinatis in fasciculis, forma sua cheilocystidiis epicutis densius brunneo-incrustatis, pariete hy- similibus, hyalinis vel subhyalinis, numerosis, us- alina vel subhyalina. que ad 85 nm longis et interdum 4 /urn tantum Ad ramulos (apparenter Bambuseae cuiusdam). latis efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi, haud ge- latinosa, tenui, ex hyphis filamentosis hyalinis vel TYPUS Venezuela, Miranda, (near border of subhyalinis efformato in strato superiore, in strato Distrito Federal), La Silla, Asiento de la Silla, 1 8 inferiore ex hyphis latioribus, pigmentatis (pig- VI 1971, Dumont Ve 135 (NY). mento fusco, ei tramatis hymenophoralis simili, sed obscuriore et magis manifeste incrustante). This differs from other tomentose species in the

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 109 strongly lentiform spores and the ampullaceous Melanotus heteroloma Sing., spec. nov. cheilocystidia. It also differs from M. caricicola (Orton) Guzman in the absence of a gelatinized Pileo brunneolo-albido, subpallido, levi, glabro zone underneath the epicutis and the spores which sed ad marginem subtomentoso, in parte poster- are subangular when seen frontally. iore saepe mycelio obtecto, convexo, obtuso, 5.5- 6.5 mm lato. Lamellis in siccis brunneis acie albis, latis, confertis, rarius subconfertis, adnatis. Stipite albo, albido, interdum siccando fuscescente, gla- Me- la not us dumontii Sing., spec. nov. bro vel mycelioso, fortiter excentrico vel subla- terali, saepe agglutinate ad lamellas et marginem Pileo sicco pallide avellaneo, subpallido, leniter pilei, interdum curvato, usque ad 3 x 0.7 mm. et minutissime appresse fibrillosulo vel glabres- Mycelio basali albo, partim brunnescente siccan- cente, haud viscoso, haud sulcato, circumferentia do. Velo nullo. ovali, 3 mm lato. Lamellis subviolaceo-brunneis Stipite (5-)5.2-5.5 x 4-4.5 x 3.5-3.8(-4) Mm, vel fusco-brunneis in maturis, angustis, confertis ellipsoideis, lentiformibus, levibus, crassituni- vel confertissimis, acie albis, adnatis. Stipite albo, catis, poro germinativo lato, truncate instructis, forma irregulari, saepe compresso, sublaterali, 1 biso-melleis, (olivaeco-) fuscis. Hymenio: Basidiis x 0.5 mm. Velo marginali ad pileum juvenilem 15-16 x 5.5-6.5 nm, (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. sericeo, pallido, fugacissimo, ad stipitis apicem Cheilocystidiis 17-30 x 3.5-6.5 nm, ampullaceis, tenui, haud annuliformi, fugaci. Mycelio albo su- collo 1.5-3 ^m lato, frequenter, praesertim in re- pra substratum abundante. Carne albo. gione prope stipitem, clavicularibus vel subcapi- Sporis 6-7 x 4.24.6 x 4-4.3 pm, ellipsoideis tatis et sic ad ipsum apicem 2-4 nm diam., ad sed ad latus interius minus convexis, vix vel min- apicem saepe resinoso-incrustatis, incrustatione ime lentiformibus, levibus, poro germinativo lato hyalina, globulosa, caduca, numquam acutis, om- truncate instructis, bene pigmentatis, sepiaceo- nibus hyalinis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, fibulatis, fuscis (KOH), sed ammoniaci ope pallidioribus, subhyalinis vel pallide stramineis. Tramate hy- raro lateraliter visis subreniformibus. Hymenio: menophorali regulari. Epicute pilei trichodermi- Basidiis 13.5-15 x 6-6.5 nm, tetrasporis. Cysti- ali, ex elementis ascendentibus et erectis hyphal- diis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromor- ibus firme, rarius subcrasse tunicatis (pariete usque pham et prope aciem lamellarum numerosissimis, ad 1 fim crassa), subhyalina, sed ex incrustatione 20-38 x 4.8-6 nm ampullaceis vel ampullaceis- ochracea granulari ochraceis, 2-7.5 ^m latis effor- subcapitatis, raro fusoideo-ventricosis, prope mata. Versus marginem pilei nee non ad aciem marginem pilei frequentius subcapitatis, parte lamellarum prope epicutem pilei (ad marginem) ventricosa inferiore et apice tenui elongate, ven- cellulis terminalibus hypharum cystidiformibus; tricosis plerumque brevioribus, tenuitunicatis, his dermatocystidiis (aut Cheilocystidiis secundi rarissime firme tunicatis, omnibus hyalinis, collo typi) Cheilocystidiis ceteris similibus, sed usque ad 2-3 nm diam., capitulo 3.2-5.5 nm diam. Hyphis 35 /um longis et capitulo usque ad 5 pm lato. fibulatis, in pileo frequenter moderatim inflatis sed Ad ramum ligneum emortuum delapsum di- in nulla parte subcellulariter dispositis, haud ge- cotyledoneum in silva tropicali-montana grega- latinosis. Tramete hymenophorali regulari, hyali- tim. no. Epicute pilei cutiformi, ex hyphis filamentosis horizontalibus 2-5 pm diam. efformata, hyalina, TYPUS Bolivia, La Paz, Nor-Yungas, Coroico, pigmento intraparietali et incrustante nullo. 4 II 1956, Singer B 867 (holotype BAFC; isotype Ad culmos Chusqueae spec. LIL).

TYPUS Colombia, Cundinamarca, between This species differs from related ones that grow Fomenque and Calera, 10 VII 1974, leg. Dumont, on dicotyledonous wood because of the small Haines, Idrobo & Velasquez, Dumont CO 1008 spores, the lack ofgrayish colors, the trichodermial (F). epicutis, the incrusting pigments, the frequently subcapitate cheilo- and dermatocystidia, and the The cheilocystidia are longer in this species than absence ofpleurocystidia. Otherwise, M. matrisdei in M. musacearum Sing. Sing, is similar, but this latter species has strongly

110 FIELDIANA: BOTANY lentiform spores and not or scarcely incrusting pig- species in several characters and these other species ments in epicutis and hypodermium. differ from each other by characters not taken into consideration by Horak. Melanotus matrisdei is the only one that grows in varzea conditions. Melanotus matrisdei Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo albo, in herbario brunnescente, macro- Melanotus musacearum Sing., spec. nov. scopice glabro, sub lente in margine sicco subto- mentoso, levi, circumferentia subcirculari vel Pileo griseolo-albo vel subargillaceo-albo sem- rhombica vel ovali, convexo, dein repando, 6-12 per subpallido, haud hygrophano, in siccis sub- mm lato. Lamellis dilute griseis vel lilaceo-griseis cinnamomeo-albo, haud viscido, margine incur- in vegetis, in siccis brunneis, satis angustis vel latis, vo, demum substricto, evelato, levi, glaberrimo, acie pallidioribus, confertis vel subconfertis, ad- 1 5-2 1 mm lato, haud circulari sed subcirculari vel natis. Sporis in massa brunneolo-lilaceis. Stipite rhombiformi vel ovato, saepe irregulari vel lobato, albo, in herbario brunnescente, macroscopice gla- convexo, demum frequenter applanato. Lamellis bro, e disco basali minuto sordide albo et subto- griseis, confertis vel confertissimis, acie partim mentoso nato, fortiter excentrico et ad marginem pallidis, in siccis sepiaceo-fuscis e sporis, angus- extremum pilei agglutinate. Velo in adultis nullo. tis, adnato-subdecurrentibus. Stipite albo vel al- Mycelio basali albo. bido, basin versus frequenter brunnescente, mac- Sporis 5-6.3 x 4-5 x 34 /zm, frontaliter visis roscopice glabro vel subglabro, sed frequenter breviter ellipticis, vel rotundato-rhombicis, for- mycelio albo usque ad apicem obtecto, sub lente titer lentiformibus, lateraliter visis ellipticis, lev- ad apicem subtiliter farinoso-subflocculoso, gla- ibus, poro germinativo lato, truncate instructis, brescente, levi, subaequali, solido, 2-3.8 x 0.9-2 crasse tunicatis, episporio tenui sepiaceo, ceterum mm. Velo in juvenilibus ad apicem stipitis et mar- biso-melleis (KOH), paucis macrosporis usque ad ginem pilei albo sed summopere evanescente, fu- 7 x 4.7 urn praesentibus. Hymenio: Basidiis 14- gacissimo. Mycelio basali albo. Carne moderatim 18 x 5. 5-7 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- tenui, alba, immutabili, inodora. ocystidiis primum versiformibus et filiformibus et Sporis 5. 3-7.5(-8.2) x 4-5.5 x 3.8^.2Mm (ma- anguste ampullaceis vel anguste ventricosis vel crosporis 7-8.2 x 5-5.5 x 5-5.5 /mi), ovatis vel frequenter subcapitatis (constrictione 1-2 nm breviter ellipticis frontaliter visis, breviter ellip- diam., capitulo 2-4 /im diam.), 10-23 x 4-6 nm, ticis vel ellipticis lateraliter visis, haud lentifor- dein omnibus filiformibus vel plerumque filifor- mibus vel nonnullis leniter lentiformibus, levibus, mibus, 1-2 /urn latis, interdum usque ad 4 ^m moderatim crasse tunicatis, poro germinativo infiatis, hyalinis, frequenter longissimis, subhy- truncate instructis, episporio subspadiceo tenui, phosis. Hyphis hyalinis, fibulatis, haud gelatinos- biso-melleis ceterum, nonnullis subolivaceis is. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute pilei (KOH), in vegetis subviolaceis sec. Hohnel (H 2O). cutiformi, hyalina vel subhyalina, ex hyphis an- Hymenio: Basidiis 14-17 x 4.5-6.3 nm, (2-)4- gustis, 2-5 Mm crassis effbrmata, sat profunda, su- sporis vel omnibus tetrasporis (et tune macros- perficialibus singulis vel fasciculatim ascendenti- poris haud praesentibus). Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- bus et interdum cellula terminali cystidiformi, his ocystidiis( 10-) 13-23 x 2-6. 5 nm, plerumque 16- dermatocystidiise.gr. 12 x 4.5/im,cheilocystidiis 17.5 x 4-5.5 Mm, plerumque ampullaceis, inter- simillimis. dum filiformibus vel utriformibus vel fusoideis Ad quisquilias monocotyledoneas in silva tro- intermixes, apice plerqumque 2-3 Mm diam., raro picali inundabili (mox post inundationem rece- subcapitato vel subcylindraceis ex toto, omnibus dentem fructificans), gregatim. hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis in pilei tramate hyalinis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis, tenuitunicatis,

1 TYPUS Bolivia, Amazonas, Pando, Madre de paucis crassiuscule (usque ad /.< m ) tunicatis, in- Dios, San Luis, 28 HI 1956, Singer B 2313 (ho- tertextis, nonnullis inflatis. Epicute pilei cutiformi, lotype, BAFC; isotype, LIL). hyalina, eius hyphis filamentosis, repentibus, pau- cis ascendentibus; dermatocystidiis paucis, exi- This species belongs to a stirps which was com- guis, e. gr. 8 x 3 ^m, ampullaceis, perpaucis in- bined into a single species (A/, alpiniae [Berk.] terdum subvesiculosis e. gr. 24 x 12 ^m, Pilat) by Horak (1977). It differs from the other pedicellatis. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 111 subparallellis, baud incrustatis, in siccis brunneo- mium. These data refer P. cortinata to sect. Al- lis sed pigmento baud incrustatis efformato. bivelatae Smith & Hesler. Ad folia et stipulas Musacearum in silvis et plantationibus tropicalibus gregatim.

Pholiota irazuensis Sing., spec. nov. TYPUS Brazil, Bahia, Urucuca, 8 VI 1978, Singer B 11144 (INPA). Additional collections: Pileo atrobrunneo (prope "Vandyke Br" M&P), Mexico, Michoacan, San Jose de Purua, 1 500 m fortiter nbrilloso-squamuloso vel squamuloso-im- alt., 8 VIII 1969, Singer M 8983 (F); "Java", Bui- bricato, convexo, in siccis subumbonato, 19 mm tenzorg, Hohnel (FH). lato. Lamellis dilute carneo-cremeis, lamellulis paucis intermixtis, confertis, sat latis, adnatis. The collection from Java is identified as M. mu- Stipite dilute brunneo, longitudinaliter subtiliter sacearum with some doubt because the pileus was fibrilloso, cylindraceo, haud radicante, 40 x 4 mm. described as grayish-white to grayish-violet and Annulo nullo. Mycelio basali albo. Carne alba. sessile. Nevertheless, because of the identical mi- Sporis 9-12.5 x (4_)4.5_6 /mi, subellipsoideis croscopical characteristics and the habitat on Mu- vel oblongis, raro leniter phaseoliformibus later- saceae, it seems to belong here, but M. bambusinus aliter visis, depressione vel applanatione supra- Pat. should be compared. Melanotus musacearum hilari instructis vel destitutis, poro minutissimo differs from M. musaecola (Berk. & Curt.) Murr. vel callo apicali destitutis vel instructis sed in narrow lamellae. The type of M musaecola has numquam truncatis, dilute ochraceo-brunneis, in- broad, pale fuscous, adnexed lamellae. Both these amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 25-29 x 8-8. 5 /an, species are often confused with M. eccentricus tetrasporis. Cystidiis ad aciem et latera lamellar- (Murr.) Sing. urn sat numerosis, ventricosis vel ampullaceis, in ampullaceis collo brevi, rarius longo, frequenter subcapitato, ventricosis ad apicem subacutis vel Melanotus pecten (Berk. & Curt.), Sing. comb. nov. frequentius obtusis, pariete 0.2-0.4 /im crassa in- structis, ad apicem nonnumquam sparse murica- BASIONYM Agaricus pecten Berk. & Curt., Ann. tis, in NH4OH et KOH hyalinis, iodi ope contentu Mag. Nat. Hist. III. 4: 291. 1859. This species is brunneolo-hyalino gaudentibus. Hymenio in am- close to M. psychotriae and M. subcuneiformi but monia crystallophoro (crystallis eis in Conocybe independent. I have studied the type (K). The tenera productis simillimis). Hyphis in tramate ochraceous spores remind one ofPleuroflammula. hyalinis, fibulatis, sed nonnullis septis secundariis et paucis primariis simplicibus visis, omnibus ten- uitunicatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophor- Pholiota cortinata (D. C. ex Fr.) Sing., comb. nov. ali hyalino vel subhyalino (in siccis interdum pal- lidissime fuscidulo), regulari. Hyphis oleiferis BASIONYM Agaricus cortinatus D. C. ex Fr. praesentibus, 4.5 /mi latis. Epicute pilei ex hy- (Syst. Myc. 1: 147. 1821) Epicrisis p. 186. 1838. phis aggregatis ascendentibus in squamas effor- Our specimen [Spain, Catalonia, Col de Cera, mata, his hyphis e cellulis elongatis, 5-1 5 /mi latis, Vallromanes, on sandy earth, mixed with frag- firme, raro crassiuscule tunicatis, brunneis e pig- ments of roots of herbaceous plants and small mento intraparietali sed nullo modo incrustante. pieces of rotting wood, leg. Honrubia, 22 X 1979, Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis eis epicutis sim- Singer C 9567 (F)] corresponds exactly and fully illimis efformato. Tegumento stipitis ex hyphis ap- to the original diagnoses and is to be considered pressis vel ascendentibus efformato; dermatocys- neotype of both De Candolle's and Fries's species, tidiis nullis. i.e., De Candolle's, if the 1983 Code is applicable. Ad terram vulcanicam prope quercum in zona Fries is not a "sanctioning" author since he did superiore subalpina. not recognize De Candolle's species as such in 1821 nor in 1832. TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartage, Reventado Irazu, 3000 m October Gomez 18580 Spores 5.5-6.5 x 3.5-3.7 /mi, smooth, some alt., 1982, (F). with a nontruncate germ pore, chrysocystidia rath- er numerous, hymenopodium differentiated but This species belongs in subg. Plocoloma and is scarcely gelatinized; epicutis, an ixotrichoder- related to P. blechni Sing, in Sing. & Moser.

112 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Pholiota varzeae Sing., spec. nov. nullis subisodiametricis intercalatis. Pigmento in ammonia ochraceo, intracellulari, numquam in- Pileo ferrugineo ("henna" M&P), centre rubro- crustante. Strato velari epicuti superimposito in- brunneo vel brunneo-purpureo (inter "mascara" termittente, hyaline, cutiformiter fere disposito. et "Maracaibo" M&P), demum pallescente usque Ad lignum Palmarum et arborum Dicotyledon- ad dilutum alutaceum colorem, sicco, sub lente urn delapsum vel emortuum, in silva tropicali typi subtiliter granulari-rivuloso, convexo et umbon- varzeae (inundabili) gregatim. ato, dein subumbonato vel centre depresso, 21- 30 mm lato. Lamellis griseis ("Cuban sand" vel TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Parana do Janau- "atmosphere" M&P), fractu brunnescentibus ("kis aca, Lago do Castanho, 23 V 1980, Singer B 12177 kilim" M&P), acie albis, confertis, adnatis vel ro- (F). tundato-adnatis. Sporis in massa paullum obscu- rioribus quam "falcon" (M&P). Stipite albo, gla- This species belongs in sect. Albivelatae and is bro vel subglabro, sicco, subaequali vel leniter related to P. cubensis Earle. apicem versus attenuate, sed ad basin plerumque leniter incrassato nee bulboso, 2246 x 2.5-7.5 mm. Velo annulari mediano, annulo haud sulcato, Phaeomarasmius littoral is Sing., spec. nov. albo, membranaceo. Rhizomorphis albis praesen- tibus. Carne alba; odore et sapore mitibus. Pileo dilute siennicolori, spinulis exiguis floc- Sporis 5.5-7.5(-9.5) x 3.7-4.3(-4.7) m, ovo- culosis erectis hirsute, margine lanato-fibrilloso, ideis vel commae forma similibus vel cuneifor- hie non squarruloso, sicco, semigloboso, dein con- mibus, lateraliter visis subreniformibus vel vexo, obtuso vel subumbonato, 7-1 1 mm lato. depressione suprahilari instructis, poro germina- Lamellis ochraceobrunneis, acie albidoflocculosis, tivo manifesto vel vix manifesto, semper angusto subconfertis vel mediocriter confertis, latissimis, et haud truncate munitis, in aqua et ammonia et ventricosis, anguste adnexis. Stipite pileo pallid- KOH ochraceis, sed in accumulationibus in KOH iore vel albido, nonnullis fibrillis brunneis lanoso laete ferrugineo-brunneis, guttula exigua globosa sed glabrescente infra zonam annularem fugacem, centrali munitis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis ad apicem glabro vel subglabro (tegumentis neque 14.2-20.5 x 5.5-7 nm, tetrasporis. Cystidiolis stipitis neque pilei detersibilibus), aequali vel ba- sparsis vel numerosis, praesertim prope aciem la- sin versus leniter attenuate, interdum ad ipsam mellarum, 18-20 x 5. 5-7. 5 ^m, utriformibus, rar- basin bulbuloso, 12-26 x 1-3.5 nm. Velo zonam ius ventricoso-subclavatis, hyalinis, tenuiparietal- fibrosam vel lanosam mox fragmentatam for- ibus, 1-4 appendiculis digitiformibus apicalibus mante, dein haud manifesto. ornatis. Chrysocystidiis ad aciem et latera lamel- Sporis 8.5-1 1 x 4.5-6 nm, ellipsoideo-phas- larum sat numerosis, 26-30 x 7.5-15 nm, ven- eoliformibus, paucis ad latus interius haud con- tricosis et saepe mucronatis, vel ampullaceis, cor- cavis sed applanatis, rarius oblongis, ferrugineo- pusculis granulosis in NH 4OH flavis internis ochraceo-brunneis, levibus, poro germinativo munitis, tenuitunicatis, rarius leniter crassiuscule subnullo vel inconspicuo, angusto, haud truncate (usque ad 1 nm) tunicatis, parietibus hyalinis, rar- instructis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-29.3 x 7-9 Mm, ius pallide ochraceis, nonnullis ex eis ammoniac hyalinis, nonnullis brunneolis, tetrasporis. Cysti- ope caerulescentibus vel virescentibus. Cheilocys- diis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad aciem heteromor- tidiis veris haud differentiatis. Hyphis fibulatis. pham densis, 15-54 x 6.5-12 /an, utriformibus Tramate hymenophorali regulari ex hyphis hy- vel clavatis, rarius late vel anguste ventricosis vel alinis subparallelis vel intertextis efformato, hy- ampullaceis, hyalinis, haud flexuosis, raro geni- menopodio haud gelatinoso ad latera obtecto. culatis, tenuitunicatis et optice "vacuis." Hyphis Omnibus parietibus hypharum tenuibus vel sat fibulis grandibus instructis, haud gelatinosis. Ep- tenuibus. Epicute pilei trichodermiali, e catenulis icute pilei: Spinulis e catenulis erectis parallelis cellularum plerumque elongatarum cylindracear- cellularum elongatarum efformatis, his cellulis um vel ventricosarum vel clavatarum efformata, in parte superiore spinularum omnibus elongatatis sed ad apicem et basin catenae nonnullis cellulis et tenuiter pigmento incrustatis, cellula terminali subglobosis e. gr. 10-13 x 8.5-1 1.7 pm immixtis ell i psoidca et 28-48 x 1 2-2 1 /*m aut ampullacea x (elongatis26-33 7- 12. 5 /um). Hypodermic haud et e. gr. 40-55 x 18-21 /on, aut cylindracea et e. gelatinoso, cutiformi vel subtrichodermiali, hy- gr. 36^43 x 6.5-8 nm, in parte inferiore spinu- alino vel partim debiliter pigmentato, cellulis non- larum aut elongatis ut in parte superiore spinu-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 113 larum aut, rarius, nonnullis cellulis subisodiame- incrustatis, (2) cylindraceis vel clavatis, rarius ap- x hie x tricis (e. gr. 20 15-17 nm) intermixtis, icem versus attenuatis 21-25 6-8.5 /an, pariete incrustatione ferrugineo-brunneo magis conspi- firma vel crassiuscula (usque ad 1.2 /an crassa), cua, in omnibus pigmento intraparietali etiam plerumque brunneolo-incrustata. Hypodermio praesente, pariete subtenui, raro incrassata. cutiformi, tenui, ex hyphis elongatis, 3-6 /an latis, Ad terram humoso-sabulosam frequenter Cy- brunneolo-incrustatis efformato. anophyceis permeatam, baud umbrosam et soli Ad terram inter muscos, in silva tropicali-mon- expositam. tana.

TYPUS Costa Rica, Guanacaste, 7 km NW of TYPUS Colombia, Cundinamarca, Bojaca, Bagaces, 80 m alt., October 1982, Gomez 18682 Bosque de la Mercedes, 8 IV 1 968, Singer B 6023

(F). Additional collection: same locality, 27 VII (F). 1986, Singer B 141 15 (?\ This species seems intermediate between sev- This species belongs in the neighborhood of P. eral groups of the genus Phaeomarasmius because limulatus (Fr. ex Weinm.) Sing, but has narrower the hyphae of the epicutis are both thin- and thick- cheilocystidia; it also differs strongly in its habitat. walled and the terminal cells are either globose or elongated. It seems to be related to P. malvacear- um Sing, and Pholiota minutula Smith & Hesler. Phaeomarasmius mercedis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo aurantio-cinnamomeo, minute brunneo Phaeomarasmius microspilus (Romagnesi ex flocculoso, praesertim in centre, ad marginem Romagn. apud Romagn. & Kiihner) Sing., striato, convexo, obtuso, sicco, 6 mm lato. La- comb. nov. mellis cinnamomeis, tenuiter pallide marginatis, latis sed haud ventricosis, horizontalibus, medi- BASIONYM Naucoria microspila Romagn., ex ocriter confertis vel subconfertis, adnatis. Stipite Romagn. apud Romagn. & Kiihn., Bull. Soc. Nat. ochreo-alutaceo, fibrillis sparsis brunneolis infra Oyonnax 10-1 1, Mem. hors serie 2: 5. 1957. veli adhaesionem ornato, ad apicem pruinato, ae- quali, 7 x 0.7 mm. Velo annuliformi, annulo ap- icali, tenui, pallide alutaceo, fugaci. Came aluta- Phaeomarasmius oligosporus Sing., spec. nov. ceo-pallida, tenui, inodora. Sporis 7-7.8(-8) x 5-5.5 nm, ellipsoideis, pau- Pileo mustelino vel rufo-castaneo, per tres quar- cis ovoideis, rarissime ad latus interius lenissime tas partes radii pellucide striato, haud viscoso, depressis, plerumque omnibus lateribus convexis, subhygrophano, convexo, obtuso, interdum sed interdum applanatione suprahilari, raro umbilicato, 10-15 mm lato. Lamellis ferrugineo- depressione suprahilari instructis, levibus, poro ochraceis vel brunneis, subconfertis, mediocriter calloque apicalibus destitutis, dilute ochraceo- latis vel latis, pallide marginatis linea intermit- brunneis, episporio tenui brunneo et endosporio tente sub lente, adnatis. Stipite brunneo sed pal- hyalino instructis, tunica tola usque ad 0.5 pm lidiore quam pileus, subglabro, aequali vel subae- crassa, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 18-19 x quali, 18-30 x 1.7-5 mm. Velo primum 6-6.7 ^m, 2-3-sporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocys- annuliformi vel subannuliformi, in Stipite apicali, tidiis ad aciem heteromorpham 1 9-5 1 x 4-8 pm, in pileo flocculoso-fibrilloso per totam superfi- anguste ventricosis vel utriformibus (i.e., supra ciem, albo vel albido, in juvenilibus abundante, medium leniter constrictis), hyalinis, tenuituni- dein sparse, annulo fugaci, in adultis pileo et stip- catis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, fibulatis. Tramate ite subnudo vel fragmentis appressis veli obtecto. hymenophorali ochraceo-hyalino vel hyalino Mycelio basali albido, lanoso, abundante. Came (NH 4OH), regulari, hyphis plerumque filamento- inodora. sis. Epicute pilei trichodermiali, e catenulis cel- Sporis 6.7-8.5 x 4.2-6 /an (nonnullis macros- lularum hypharum efformata, his in parte inferiore poris usque 10.5 /an longisaut 7.2 /an latis), multis trichodermii anguste cylindraceis vel inflatis sed lentiformibus, frontaliter ellipticis vel ovatis, la-

elongatis ( 1 4-45 x 4-22 /urn), cellulis terminalibus teraliter reniformibus vel inverse reniformibus vel autem dimorphis (1) sphaerocystoideis 18-23 x depressione suprahilari gaudentibus, levibus, poro 15-18 fim, pariete firma, haud crassa, brunneolo- germinativo destitutis, pro ratione haud crasse

114 FIELDIANA: BOTANY tunicatis, episporio tenui, brunneo et endosporio adnatis vel adnato-subdecurrentibus. Sporis in subhyalino instructis, in KOH colore Tubariarum massa dilute cinnamomeo-ferrugineis. Stipite cin- gaudentibus sed nonnullis melius pigmentatis et namomeo-pallido, glabro, annulate, aequali, 1 2 x ochraceobrunneis, haud collabentibus, inamyloid- 1.2 mm. Annulo albo, membranaceo, apicali. eis. Hymenio: Basidiis 14-28 x 4.5-7.5 Mm, 1-2- Came inodora. 3-4-sporis vel 1-2-sporis, (tetrasporis semper pro Sporis 6.5-8.5 x 4.7-6 Mm, plerumque 8-8.5 ratione paucis), sterigmatibus (3.5-)6-7 /urn longis, x 5-5.3 Mm, ellipsoideis, depressione suprahilari sed in tetrasporis brevioribus, in monosporis 1 0- praeditis et frequenter subreniformibus, levibus, 1 7 Mm longis et simplicibus aut bifurcatis. Cysti- pariete pro ratione tenui, duplici, inamyloidea in- diisnullis. Cheilocystidiis (18-)35-74 x (4-)5.5- structis, ochraceo-brunneolis. Hymenio: Basidiis 7 Mm, utriformibus, ventricosis, filamentosis, ob- 21-33 x 6-8.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. tusis, raro subacutis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis, acie Cheilocystidiis e. gr. 24-26 x 7-8.5 Mm, admodum lamellarum ex eis subheteromorpha (basidiis in- versiformibus, prope marginem pilei saepe brev- termixtis). H y phis hyalinis vel pallide ochreis, haud iter basidiomorphis vel subampullaceis, alii, prae- gelatinosis, in pileo radialiter dispositis, in stipite cipue stipitem versus majoribus, 45-54 x 7.5-1 1 subparallelis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex Mm, ad basin frequenter ventricosis et sub apicem hyphis 2.3-6 Mm latis, sed hinc inde usque ad 18 claviformem constrictis (constrictione 4-6 Mm Mm inflatis. Epicute pilei e cellulis breviusculis vel diam .). hyalinis. Hyphis flbulatis, haud gelatinos- subisodiametricis (raro), singularibus vel fascicu- is. Epicute pilei ex hyphis repentibus vel in parte latis, paucis angustioribus fusoideis (e. gr. 22 x 6 terminali ascendentibus 2-16(-20) Mm latis, for- Mm) intermixtis sed plerumque 1 1-28 x 7-16 Mm, titer pigmento ferrugineo-ochraceo-brunneo in- ventricosis vel clavato-ventricosis, rotundatis, crustatis, praesertim ad septa, elongatis vel subfi- rarius mucronatis monostratis vel hinc inde bis- liformibus efformata; ceterum, marginem versus tratis efformato, omnibus his pariete firma vel sub- dermatocystidiis sat numerosis 26-28 x 6-7 Mm, crassiuscula, rarius tenui praeditis et permultis ex versiformibus, e. gr. clavatis vel cylindraceis vel eis manifeste pigmento brunneo incrustatis. Hy- vesiculosis vel ampullaceis vel capitatis (et tune podermio cutiformi, ex hyphis subintertextis, sub- capitulo usque ad 8 Mm diam.), hyalinis, haud in- horizontalibus vel horizontalibus, cylindraeceis vel crustatis. Hypodermio brunneo, pigmento incrus- inflatis, aequaliter pigmentatis efformato. Tegu- tato. mento stipitis e nonnullis hyphis ascendentibus Ad terram inter herbas et gramina in pascuis efformato, in medio stipitis dermatocystidiis nul- apertis palustribus (marshes). lis. Ad lignum putridum dicotyledoneum in silva TYPUS Uruguay, Maldonado, 27 V 1966, tropicali vel subtropicali, solitario vel gregatim. Singer B 4181 (BAFC).

TYPUS Brazil, Sao Paulo, Serra de Cantareira, This species is related to P. terrigenus Sing, and

Reserva Florestal do Horto Florestal, 1 7 XII 1 964, differs from the latter in a well-developed annulus

Singer B 4122 (F). Additional collection: Bolivia, and longer cheilocystidia. Beni, Vaca Diez, Riberalta, alt. 1 70 m, 30 III 1956,

Singer B 2355 (BAFC, LIL). Phaeomarasmius proximans (Smith & Hesler) This species is related to P. confragosuliformis Sing., comb. nov. Sing, and by its characters shows clearly the affinity between the tubarioid and naucorioid species of BASIONYM Pholiota proximans Smith & Hes- the genus Phaeomarasmius. ler, N. Am. Spec. Phol. p. 70. 1968.

Phaeomarasmius pascuus Sing., spec. nov. Phaeomarasmius terrigenus Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo ochraceo-brunneo vel rufocastaneo, in- Pileo ochraceo-brunneo, hygrophano, in siccis nate subtiliter fibrilloso sub lente sed macro- fibrillis appressis ochraceo-brunneolo-pallidis per scopice glabro vel subglabro, convexo, obtuse sub- totam superficiem obtecto, haud viscoso, levi, papillato, margine sublobato, 8 mm lato. Lamellis convexo, in siccis subumbilicato, 4-6 mm lato. brunneis, albo-marginatis, sat latis, subconfertis, Lamellis siccis intense ferrugineis, in vegetis pileo

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 115 concoloribus, latissimis, subdistantibus, adnatis. Stipite albo, subaurantio, in siccis brunneo, basin Stipite pileo aut lamellis concolori, glabro vel versus attenuato, 70 x 7 mm. Annulo nullo. Carne subglabro, aequali, 15-25 x 0.8 mm. Annulo nul- in siccis submiti. lo. Came inodora vel subinodora. Sporis 5.7-6.2 x 44.5 Mm, ellipsoideis, ple- Sporis6-7 x 4.3 x 4.8Mmebasidiistetrasporis, rumque depressione exigua suprahilari gaudenti- 7.5 x 5.5 Mm e basidiis bisporis, pariete pro ra- bus, inamyloideis, fortiter verruculoso-echinula- tione tenui (0.3-0.4, raro usque ad 0.5 Mm crassa), tis, ornamentatione 0.2-0.5 nm alia, ferrugineo- levi, poro germinativo baud truncate vel subtrun- brunnea supra episporium ochreum conspicua ob- cato vel perangusto vel moderatim lato instructis, tectis. Hymenio: Basidiis 20-21 x 6-6.5 nm, te- ellipsoideis vel ovoideis, episporio subatro et tenui trasporis. Cystidiis sparsis ad latera et aciem la- x (NH 4OH), endosporio subhyalino, NaOH ope mellarum, 15-26 9-13.5 Mm, ventricoso- brunneis sed supra hyphas pigmentatas laete cin- subvesiculosis, plerumque fulvis interdum mu- namomeo-ferrugineis in superpositione, inamy- crone exiguo, acuto, apicali ornatis. Cheilocysti- loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 15-22 x 5.5-9 pm, bi- diis aut clavatis, interdum duobus appendicibus vel tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis ad apicalibus digitiformibus ornatis, 22-25 x 8-8.5 et prope aciem lamellarum 22-30 x 6-8(-10) Mm, Mm, aut ventricosis vel ventricoso-ampullaceis, utriformibus vel subampullaceis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis vel pigmentatis, 20-29 x 8-10.5 Mm aut hyalinis. Pseudoparaphysibus ad et prope aciem utriformibus, e. gr. 25 x 6 aut ampullaceis et mi- lamellarum 18.5-28 x 10-13 fim, sat numerosis. noribus, plerumque hyalinis, 14-16 x 5. 5-6. 5 Mm. Hyphis fibulatis, baud gelatinosis. Tramete hy- Hyphis flavidis, fibulatis, inter septa frequenter menophorali regulari. Epicute pilei cutiformi ex latis (45-55 x 25-30 MHI), haud gelatinosis. Tra- hyphis subfilamentosis, subtiliter flavido-incrus- mate hymenophorali regulari. Hyphis oleiferis in- tatis granularibus efformato. Hypodermio cutifor- tense luteis, 3.54.5 Mm latis. Epicute pilei tenui, mi, ex hyphis latis, ventricosis, cellulis breviter cutiformi, ex hyphis laxis sed haud gelatinosis, elongatis, pigmento ferrugineo incrustatis effor- filamentosis, 1.2-2.7 Mm latis efformata. Hypod- mato. ermio cutiformi, ex hyphis 3-10 Mm latis, non- Ad terram arenosam et humosam prope flumen nullis brunneo-granuloso-incrustatis efformato. gregatim. Tegumento stipitis ad extremum apicem eius tan- turn praesente et e nonnullis dermatocystidiis e. TYPUS Mexico, Xalapa, near Rio Aserradero gr. 22 x 9 Mm et ventricosis vel ventricoso-su-

at Tlilapan, 24 VI 1969, Singer M 8198 (F). bampullaveis, hyalinis vel pigmentatis aut e. gr. 15x3 Mm, inconspicuis, subfusoideis, saepe cur- Phaeomarasmius malvacearum Sing, in Sing. & vatis, hyalinis efformato. Digilio and P. pascuus Sing, are related. Ad truncos arborum delapsarum dicotydelo- nearum sub quercubus in quercetis tropicali-mon- tanis.

TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, San Ramon, Cer- CORTINARIACEAE Roze ro Tinaja, 1500 m alt., Augusto 1981, Gomez

17916 (F). Alnicola fusispora (Velen.) Sing., comb. nov. Gymnopilus termefirmae Araujo and G. heter- BASIONYM Galerafusispora Velen., Opera Bot. ocheilus Araujo, both at present not validly pub- Czech. 4: 70. 1947. lished, are related but evidently quite different.

Gymnopilus pachycystis Sing., spec. nov. Galerina majalis Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo aureo-aurantio, subglabro, nudo, subni- Pileo ochraceo-brunneo, lenissime subviscido tido, levi, in siccis brunneo, convexo, obtuso, 35 tempore humido, fortiter hygrophano, in maculis mm lato. Lamellis aurantiaco-ferrugineis, siccan- insularibus siccante, demum (margine postremo) do magis brunneis, sat latis, confertis, sinuato-ad- omnino pallescente dehydratione, glabro, persis- natis vel sinuato-adnexis, lineis decurrentibus. tenter convexo, sed centre mox umbilicato, mar-

116 FIELDIANA: BOTANY gine extreme demum recurvato, initio incurvo, Galerina oligocalyptrata Sing., spec. nov. per 1 mm a margine sulculato pellucideque striato, 30-35 mm lato. Lamellis dilute cinnamomeo- Pileo ochraceo-brunneo, inter strias pallidiore, brunneis, acie haud discolor!, confertis, sat mod- glabro, nudo, pellucide striato per tres quartas eratim latis, adnatis. Stipite fuligineo-biso, apice partes radii, campanulato-conico, saepe papillate brunneolo-hyalino, in vegetis innate pallide seri- 5 mm alto et 4.5-5 lato. Lamellis ferrugineo- ceo partim, sed in siccis subglabro, aequali sed basi ochraceis vel ferrugineo-brunneis, distantibus (10- incrassata vel subbulbosa, 31-33 x 3-3.5 mm, ad 1 3 lamellis percurrentibus), albo-marginatis, satis basin usque ad 6 mm diam. Velo annuliformi, angustis vel mediocriter latis, primum ascenden- annulo apicali vel mediano, vix conspicuo, sub- tibus, adnatis vel late adnexis. Stipite uniformiter tiliter fibrilloso, pallidissime brunneolo, brunneo- colorato, nonnihil pileo pallidiore, albo-pruinoso lo-pallido. Mycelio basali albo. Carne, superficie- in quarto superiore tantum, evelato, aequali, 21 bus subconcolori sed pallidiore, immutabili. Odore x 0.8 mm. Carne tenui, inodora. fungoide, haud farinoso. Sporis 8.5-11.5 x 5.5-7.5 Mm, plerumque 9- Sporis 8.3-8.8 x 4.3-5 Mm, ovoideis vel ellip- 10 x 5.5-6.7 Mm, ellipsoideis, perpaucis frontal- soideis, subtiliter sed manifeste verruculosis, zona iter rotundato-rhombicis vel ovatis, plerumque levi suprahilari bene evoluta et limitata gauden- manifeste zona levi limitata suprahilari instructis, tibus, perisporio manifesto sed raro separante, subtiliter asperulatis vel levissimis in circumfer- pseudoamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis tetrasporis. entia, ornamentatione ferruginea supra superfi- Cystidiis sparsis, 45-55 x 11-14.5 pm, ampul- ciem episporialem levem vel longitudinaliter sub- laceis, collo sat longo, 4-5 Mm diam., apice ple- rugosam punctiformi, vix projiciente sed manifesta rumque leniter subcapitato (5.5-7 MHI diam.) in- instructis, pariete crassa (1-1.5 Mm) pseudoamy- structis, hyalinis vel flavis, ex toto loidea gaudentibus, paucioribus quam 50% bi- vel tenuiparietalibus. Cheilocystidiis haud differentia- uni-auriculariter uni- vel bi-calyptratis e peris- tis. Hyphis omnibus haud gelatinosis, haud in- porio. Hymenio: Basidiis 22-24 x 8-9.5 Mm, (bi-) crustatis pigmento, flavidis, nonnullis flavido-hy- vel tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis alinis (KOH), fibulatis. Tramate hymenophorali ad aciem heteromorpham lamellarum 22-37 x flavido, regulari, multis hyphis inflatis. Epicute pi- 5.5-6.5 Mm (quatruplo vel sexies longioribus dia- lei tenui, cutiformi, haud gelatinosa, ex hyphis fi- metro), basin versus frequenter ventricosis, su- lamentosis efformata; dermatocystidiis praesen- perne longe effilatis et 1.5-3.5 Mm diam., ad api- tibus sed sat raris, e. gr. 36x3.5 nm, fusiformibus, cem ipsum aequalibus, claviculatis vel obtusis, hyalinis, firme tunicatis. subacapitatis, et si in apice dilatata sunt, ibi 2.8- Ad terram prope truncum quercinum in silva. 5.5 Mm diam., omnibus tenuitunicatis et hyalinis. Hyphis tramatis pilei et hymenophori regularis TYPUS USA, Illinois, Cook County, Harms pallide flavidis, haud gelatinosis, fibulatis. Epicute

Woods, 26 V 1984, Singer N 4121 (F). pilei intermittente, cutiformi, tenui, haud gelati- nosa. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis 4-10 Mm This species is related to G. marginata (Fr.) latis, pigmento ferrugineo incrustatis efformato. Kiihner and G. physispora Sing. The former, iden- Tegumento stipitis ad apicem stipitis e dermato- tical with Galera conigena Velen. (type, PR), differs cystidiis Cheilocystidiis simillimis efformato. from G. majalis in slightly larger spores, rarely Inter muscos et Hepaticas in quercetis tropicali- subcapitate cystidia, rarely subbulbous stipe, far- montanis solitario. inaceous odor, habitat, and later fruiting. The lat- ter differs in differentiated cheilocystidia, incrust- TYPUS Colombia, Boyaca, Acabuco, 28 VII ed cystidia which are not entirely hyaline and not 1960, Singer B 3571 (F). frequently subcapitate, the lighter color of the stipe and the lignicolous habitat. Galerina unicolor (Fr.) This species is close to G. subcerina Smith & Sing, differs in shape and diameter of the pileus, Sing, and G. austrocalyptrata Smith & Sing. It dif- has a different epicutis and slightly larger spores. fers from the former especially in narrower cheil- Galerina marginata occurs in Michigan and Illi- ocystidia and lamellae, and the habitat; it differs nois, generally in late fall, and very often on trunks from G. austrocalyptrata in hyaline cheilocystidia, of Acer and Fagus; it is poisonous, containing broader spores and habitat (not growing on wood). amanitin. It is different from both in being strictly tropical

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 117 as well as in the presence of but few calyptrate limis efformato; infra zonam apicalem dermato- spores. A collection from Costa Rica, Alajuela, cystidiis nullis. Volcan Poas, 25 VII 1986, Singer B 14522, F, Ad truncos Sequoiae in silva, hiemalis, gregaria. differs very slightly in less distinctly punctate and somewhat smaller (8. 5- 10 x 5-6 Mm) spores and TYPUS USA, California, Samuel Taylor Park, cheilocystidia (22-30 x 4.5-6 Mm). It is certainly 6 II 1982, leg. Mackler, Singer, & Vergeer, Singer conspecific with G. oligocalyptrata. N 5005 (F). Additional collection: same locality,

January 1983, Singer N 5110 (F); same locality,

January 1984, Mackler & Vergeer (F). Galerina sequoiae Sing., spec. nov. This species belongs in sect. Calyptrospora. Gal- Pileo ochraceo-brunneo (colore G. hypnorum erina fallax Smith & Sing, is related but differs in approximante 5 D 5 vel 5 D 7, aut 6 D 8 vel 7 E shorter spores, larger carpophores, more strongly 7 Mu), hygrophano, centre vel in sulcis frequenter pigmented stipe, somewhat broader cheilocysti- pallidiore, e. gr. alutaceo-pallido, glabro, longe dia, yellow incrusted hyphae in the hymenophoral striato-sulculato, haud viscido, campanulato, ob- trama, host, and geographic area. The preceding tuso vel subumbonato, 3-5 mm alto et lato. La- species, G. oligocalyptrata Sing., belonging in the mellis ochraceo-brunneis, acie pallidis, latis, sub- same section as G. sequoiae, has similar habit and distantibus vel distantibus, plerumque ventricosis, colors when seen macroscopically, but habitat and adnexis. Stipite dilute ochraceo-brunneo et ad ap- pigmentation are different. Galerina cerina var. icem plerumque pallide stramineo, aequali vel ba- longicystis Smith & Sing, with likewise less con- sin versus subattenuato, glabro sed ad apicem sub- sistently calyptrate spores differs in cystidial char- tiliter pruinoso, evelato, 10-21 x 0.6-1 mm. Velo acters and habitat. Galerina sahleri var. sequoiae subnullo in maturis, in juvenilibus albo, tenui, Smith & Sing, has the same habitat as G. sequoiae, fragmentato, inconspicuo sub lente visibili. Carne but differs in larger spores, darker center of the tenui, brunneolo-pallida vel alutaceo-pallida, im- pileus, incrusted tramal hyphae, larger cheilocys- mutabili, inodora. tidia, and dark reddish brown base of stipe. Sporis 8-11 x 4.5-6 pm, plerumque 9-10.5 x 5.5 nm, sporis paucis majoribus (usque ad 12 x 5.5 Mm) interdum praesentibus, ellipsoideo-su- Galerina tatrensis Sing., spec. nov. bamygdaliformibus vel fusoideis, rarius ellipso- = ideis, Q 2 vel 1.7, in sporis maximis 2.4, Pileo ochraceo-brunneo, inter strias ochraceo- ornamentatione admodum subtili punctulatis aut brunneas pallidiore, glabro, pecculide striato et saepe subnulla gaudentibus, sed 25%-80% auri- sulcato, campanulato, obtuso, haud viscoso, 7-7.5 formiter e perisporio calyptratis, zona levi bene mm alto et lato. Lamellis brunneolo-ochraceis, limitata suprahilari plerumque visibili, callo, raro mediocriter latis, distantibus, rotundato-adnatis. poro munitis, brunneo-ferrugineis in KOH (ju- Stipite melleo-brunneolo, glabro et nudo, sed ap- venilibus flavidis). Hymenio: Basidiis 18.5-22 x ice (per tertiam vel quartam partem stipitis) prui- 6.3-8.5 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilo- noso, aequali, subflexuoso, 40 x 1 mm. Velo cystidiis 27.5-40 x 2.5-7 /mi, anguste utrifor- nullo. Carne subinodora. mibus vel subampullaceis vel subulatis vel filifor- Sporis 13-14.5(-17) x 6.5-8(-9) MHI, amygdal- mibus, raro subcapitatis vel claviculatis, in acie iformibus, apice saepe mucronatis rostratis, mod- lamellarum heteromorpha saepe paucis cheilocys- eratim bene pigmentatis, brunneolo-ochraceis, in- tidiis alii typi (clavato-ventricosis, brevioribus, e. amyloideis, ornamentatione verruculoso-punctata gr. 13 x 6 /xm) interspersis, omnibus hyalinis, manifesta sed vix obscuriore gaudentibus et ex ea tenuitunicatis. Hyphis fibulatis, haud gelatinosis, circumferentia leniter asperula, perisporio incon- in tramate hymenophorali regulari hyalinis. Epi- spicuo, applicato obtectis, zona levi suprahilari cute pilei cutiformi, haud gelatinosa, ex hyphis bene limitata instructis. Hymenio: Basidiis 1 8-28 horizontalibus, paucis, plerumque filamentosis, x 7-7.5 Mm bisporis, paucis monosporis. Cystidiis horizontalibus, levibus efformata. Hypodermio ad aciem lamellarum numerosissimis, ad latera cutiformi, pigmentato, ex hyphis latioribus effor- numerosis, 42-78 x 12-19Mm,ampullaceis, apice mato, pigmento incrustante, ochraceo-brunneo vel 20-30 x 4-5.5 Mm, cylindrico vel attenuate, ob- ferrugineo-brunneo. Tegumento apicis stipitis e tuso, raro leniter subcapitato (usque ad 5.5 Mm dermatocystidiis numerosis cheilocystidiis simil- diam.), ex toto tenuitunicatis, ad apicem raro

118 FIELDIANA: BOTANY ochraceis, ceterum hyalinis. Cheilocystidiis baud hyalinis, 9.5-25 x 3-7. 5 nm, interdum corpusculo differentiatis. Hyphis fibulatis. Tramate hymen- interne hyalino praeditis. Hyphis plerumque fi- ophorali regular!, ochraceo, pigmento certis in lo- lamentosis, nonnullis inflatis usque ad 15 nm cis incrustante, ochraceo. Epicute pilei hyalina, diam., fibulatis, haud gelatinosis, inamyloideis. baud gelatinosa, tenui, cutiformi, ex hyphis fili- Tramate hymenophorali regulari, subhyalino vel nonnullis ex eis formibus moderatim tenuibus, (NH4OH). Epicute pilei cutiformi, haud gelati- lenissime incrustatis efformata. Hypodermic cu- nosa, ex hyphis filamentosis plerumque radiatim tiformi, ex elementis latioribus, obscurioribus e dispositis, 1-2.5 nm diam., tenuitunicatis, haud pigmento incrustante magis abundante efformato. gelatinosis, in fasciculis densis aggregatis atque Dermatocystidiis ad marginem extremum pilei dissociatis efformata. Dermatocystidiis raris, spar- et identicis. visis cystidiis hymenialibus His etiam sis, versiformibus, 7.5-13 x 5.7 um, saepe cylin- ad apicem stipitis praesentibus. draceis, ventricosis, clavatis, utriformibus. Hy- Ad ramulos et radices putridas Pint mugo Turra podermio epicute simili sed hyphis latioribus. in zona alpina inferiore inter Polytricha. Ad truncum putrescentem quercinum in Quer- ceto tropicali-montana solitario. TYPUS Slovakia (CSSR), Skalnate Pleso, 1930 m alt., 5 IX 1974, Singer C 5881 (F). TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartago, San Gerardo, 3000

m alt., 3 VIII 1981, Singer B 12656 (F). This species belongs in sect. Galerina, stirps Minima, since it has a stipe which is pruinate only at the apex. It is evidently close to Galerina lon- Simocybe albovelutina Sing., spec. nov. ginqua Smith & Sing., but differs in less bright colors and somewhat larger spores, also in not at Pileo albo, dense velutino-pubescente, dein all gelatinous cutis, in incrusting pigment of the strato velutino fracto et floccoso, inter flocculos hypodermium and the lignicolous habitat. In ad- brunnescente, levi, demum haud manifeste stria- dition, the carpophores are somewhat more slen- to, convexo, obtuso, 1.5-2.5 mm lato. Lamellis der than in G. longinqua. dilute brunneis, acie albis, mediocriter latis, me- diocriter distantibus, adnexis. Stipite albo, dense albo-fibrilloso, aequali vel leniter apicem versus attenuate, obliquo vel erecto, 0.4-0.8 x 0.2-0.3 CREPIDOTACEAE (Imai) Sing. mm. Velo in adultis nullo, sed in juvenilibus fi- brillis stipitis cum pubescentia marginis pilei con- Melanomphalia leucocephala Sing., spec. nov. tinuis. Mycelio basali albo. Sporis 6-6.5(-7) x 4 4.5(-5) um, ellipsoideis, Pileo albo, sicco, levi, macroscopice glabro, sub ad latus interius convexis, rarius applanatis, rar- lente appresse sericeo, convexo, 5.5 mm lato. La- issime subdepressis, lateraliter visis ellipticis vel nicllis ochraceo-luteis, haud venosis sed peran- cuneiformibus, apicaliter haud mucronatis nee gustis, subconfertis, paucis lamellulis intermixtis, poro germinativo instructis, ochraceo-brunneis, arcuatis, subdecurrentibus. Stipite albo, glabro, levibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 12-13 x sicco, solido(?), aequali, 8.5 x 2.5 mm. Velo nullo. 6-6.5 um, tetrasporis, primum clavatis, dein late Mycelio basali sparse. Carne alba, partim flavido- clavatis. Cystidiis nullis, sed nonnullis basidiolis ochrea, succosa, immutabili, inodora. sterilibus et demum cystidioliformibus, late cla- Sports 5-7 x 3.3-5 um, ellipsoideis vel breviter vatis vel breviter clavato-subventricosis. Cheilo- ellipsoideis, paucis subglobosis, subtiliter mar- cystidiis 25-30 x 3.8-7 um, cylindraceis sed ple- moratis, sublevibus, pariete 0.2-0.4 um crassa rumque leniter constrictis sub clavicula apicali 4- subheterogenea instructis, brunneolo-ochraceis vel 5 /um diam., saepe ad basin iterum leniter incras- cinnamomeo-ochraceis (NH4OH), inamyloideis. satis, constrictione 24 um diam., omnibus hy- Hymenio: Basidiis 12.5-22 x 5. 3-7.2 um, 2-3-4- alinis, haud incrustatis, tenuitunicatis, ad aciem sporis, plerumque tetrasporis, frequenter una cum lamellarum fasciculatis. Hyphis hyalinis, haud ge- spora voluminosa et tribus parvis. Cystidiis nullis; latinosis, fibulatis. Epicute pilei primum subhy- cystidiolis basidiomorphis sparsis(?). Cheilocys- meniformi, e dermatocystidiis et pilis filamentosis tidiis ad aciem lamellarum basidiis interspersis, densis erectis efformata, sed dein disrupta, fasci- cystidioliformibus, basidiomorphis, sed interdum culis e paucioribus dermatocystidiis et numero- irregularibus, et tune cylindraceis vel ventricosis, sioribus pilis efformatis; inter pilos et dermato-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 119 B. cystidia nonnullis catenulis cellularum erectis Ad lignum (pTobabilileTAlnijorullensis H. & x in praesentibus, cellulis e. gr. 10 7.5 pm et vesi- K.) alneto tropicali-montana gregatim. culosis. Dermatocystidiis cheilocystidiis similibus TYPUS Argentina, Jujuy, Lagunas de Yala, 2 100 vel ampullaceis, hyalinis; pilis frequenter longior- m alt., 10 II 1966, Singer T 5024 (F). ibus, filamentosis, interdum ad basin incrassatis, pariete tenui, hyalina, sed granulis hyalinis in- crustatis, 1.8-4 ^m diam. Tegumento stipitis ep- Simocybe coniferarum Sing., spec. nov. icuti pilei simili. Ad lignum gregatim. Pileo olivaceo (15 L 8 M&P), centre subatro ("bronze lustre" M&P), subtiliter pallide pruinoso TYPUS Venezuela, Monagas, Caripe, near sub lente, hygrophano, levi nee pellucide striato, Cueva del Guacharo, 18 VII 1972, leg. Dumont, convexo, umbilicato, usque ad 1 7 mm lato. La- Cain, Samuels & Morillo, Dumont VE 5310 (NY). mellis griseis ("pelt" M&P), confertis, mediocriter

latis, rotundato-subliberis. Stipite griseolo dein This species is somewhat related to S. amazon- brunneolo, ex toto subtiliter albo-pruionso, cavo, ica Sing, but differs in smaller carpophores and leniter apicem versus attenuato, haud bulboso, 58 granular-incrusted hairs. x 3.5 mm. Velo nullo. Came superficiebus con- coloribus, molli-carnosa, inodora. Sporis 6.5-7.5 x 4.2-4.5 pm, ellipticis vel ova- Simocybe alneti Sing., spec. nov. tis frontaliter visis sed phaseoliformibus laterali- ter, levibus, poro germinativo nullo, ochraceo- macro- x Pileo griseo-brunneo ("adobe" M&P), melleis (NH4OH). Hymenio: Basidiis 26 7-7.8 leniter scopice glabro, in siccis dilute brunneolo et /urn, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocystidiis 36- sulculato, in vegetis pellucide striato, in centre len- 48 x 5.5-7.7 /um, cylindraceis vel anguste ventri- iter ruguloso siccando sed levi in vegetis, circum- cosis vel clavatis, hyalinis, nonnullis intus melleis, ferentia ovali (latitudine breviore), 4-4.5 mm lato. obtusis. Hyphis 3.5-7 ^m latis, nonnullis usque Lamellis griseis, latis, acie pallidis et dilute brun- ad 25 nm inflatis, fibulatis, haud gelatinosis. Tra- neis in siccis lateribus, subdistantibus ( decem mate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute pilei e der- lamellis percurrentibus), adnexis vel sinuato-ad- matocystidiis singularibus vel fasciculatis sed haud nexis. Stipite dilute brunneolo, sed albo-pruinoso, continue hymeniformiter dispositis efformata, his curvato, fortiter excentrico, 1-1.5 x 0.2-0.3 mm. 25-30 x 7-14.5 /mi, versiformibus, late ampul- Velo nullo. Mycelio basali albo. Came tenui, in- laceis vel utriformibus, interdum clavatis, hyalinis odora. vel melleis, nonnullis in hypodermic natis major- Sporis 5-7.5 x 4-5 ^m, ellipsoideis, lateraliter ibus et incrustatis. Hypodermic subcutiformi, ex ad latus interius convexis, raro lenissime phas- elementis hyphalibus 3.3-12 pm latis, nonnullis eoliformibus, ochreobrunneis vel alutaceis, poro usque ad 23 nm inflatis, pigmento brunneolo-in- germinativo et callo nullis, depressione suprahilari crustatis efformato. Pruina stipitis e dermatocys- et applanatione nullis, pariete homogenea et levi, tidiis versiformibus efformata. firma instructis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis Ad lignum putridum coniferarum (Piceae?) in 15-18 x 6.5-7 jmi. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- Piceeto. diis 12-40 x 5-8.5 pm, utriformibus vel suble- TYPUS Bois d' Les cythiformibus, rarius ampullaceis, capitulo vel Switzerland, Vaud, Apples, Tailles aux 662 m 5 VIII clavicula 4.5-6.5 nm diam., collo brevi vel longo Fontaine Chasseurs, alt., 5040 1-3 nm diam., apice ampullaceorum frequenter 1970, Singer C (F). flexuoso, haud acuto, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis vel This species reminds one of 5. obscura (Rom- dilute melleo-flavis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, fi- agnesi) Reid but it differs in gray lamellae, broader bulatis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. Epicute spores, and habitat. What may be an American pilei non hymeniformi sed e fasciculis numerosis oak-inhabiting race is described below. dermatocystidiorum efformata, his aut cheilocys- tidiis simillimis aut ventricosis aut filamentoso- capitatis (sphaerocystibus nullis), saepe firme tun- Var. quercuum Sing., var. nov. icatis. Hypodermic cutiformi, brunneolo, pigmen- to haud incrustante. Tegumento stipitis e der- A varietate coniferarum differt carpophoris mi- matocystidiis eis pilei similibus efformato. noribus, cheilocystidiis brevioribus, ampullaceis

120 FIELDIANA: BOTANY vel utriformibus, dermatocystidiis nonnullis lon- erectis, paucis repentibus vel ascendentibus, cla- gioribus et cellulis subisodiametricis frequentius vatis, hyalinis, tenuitunicatis. interspersis. Ad quercinum lignum putridum in Ad frustula lignea ex arbore dicotyledonea de- silva mixta. lapsa in silva tropicali typi igapo, solitario.

TYPUS USA, Illinois, White Pine State Park, TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape do Taru- 1 IX 1975, Singer N 7541 (F). mazinho, 12 III 1980, Singer B 12019 (INPA).

By its characters C. igapoensis comes close to C. parvulus Murr. as described by Hesler and Smith, Simocybe panamensis Sing., spec. nov. who have studied the type. Our Amazonian species differs, however, in not pure white pileus, glabrous Pileo 2-8 mm lato, lamellis subferrugineis, ad- surface, larger spores, and closer lamellae. The key nexis, cheilocystidiis ampullaceis vel ventricoso- in Hesler and Smith (1965) leads to C. putrigenus mucronatis praecipue a S. reductoaffini Sing, ae- (Berk. & Curt.) Sacc., but the type of that species quatoriana differt. is larger and the hyphae have clamp connections. Ad frustula lignea, fructus et folia in silva tro- Hesler and Smith's statement to the contrary is in picali-montana. error.

TYPUS Panama, Veraguas, 16 km from Santa Fe, 18 VI 1975, Dumont PA 560 (NY). Crepidotus pilosiceps Sing., spec. nov.

Pileo albo, sericeo-piloso, dein partim laxe lan- Crepidotus igapoensis Sing., spec. nov. oso-gossypino, levi, sicco, haud hygrophano, pri- mum globoso, mox semigloboso, dein convexo, Pileo pallide brunneolo, hygrophano, dehydra- obtuso, haud umbilicato, usque ad 3 mm lato. tione pallidiore vel pallido, estriato vel brevissime Lamellis albis, distantibus, satis angustis, ad aciem pellucide striato, in siccis subpallido et brunneolo- plerumque fimbriatis, attenuato-attingentibus. virgato ad marginem, pallide brunneolo a tergo, Stipite primum pilei diametro longiore, centrali, glabro, baud viscido, convexo, dimidiato, 9 mm in maturis pilei diametro breviore vel brevissimo, lato. Lamellis brunneolis, deorsum concurrenti- excentrico, demum sublaterali, pilei superficie in- bus, mediocriter latis, confertis, attingentibus. feriori applicato, albo, pubescente, demum gla- Stipite minutissimo, albo, glabro, sublaterali, 0.5 brescente frequenter curvato praesertim in ma- x 0.2 mm. Mycelio basali albo. Came alba, im- turis, aequali vel dein basin versus attenuate, 2- mutabili, tenui. 4 x 1.2-1.5 mm. Mycelio basali albo. Carne alba, Sporis 5.3-7 x 5-6.7 ^m, globosis, in episporio immutabili, tenui, inodora. melleo aculeis brunneo-melleis subtiliter punctatis Sporis 7.5-9.5(-10.3) x 4.2-5. 5(-6) Mm, ellip- (sub immersione ornamentationem typi XI mon- soideis vel ovoideis, punctatis, pariete heteroge- strantibus), depressione et applanatione suprahi- nea, unicolori ochraceo-brunneola instructis, at laribus destitutis. Hymenio: Basidiis 24.5-26.8 x nonnullis sublevibus, inamyloideis. Hymenio: 8-9.3 Mm, tetrasporis, hyalinis, paucis pallide Basidiis 19-27 x 8-10.7 Mm, 2-3-4-sporis, ple- brunneolis, basi defibulatis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- rumque tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheilocysti- ocystidiis ad aciem heteromorpham lamellarum diis admodum versiformibus, 24-58 x 4.5-6.5 20-30 x 8.5-12 Mm, clavatis, hyalinis, perpaucis Mm ad aciem heteromorpham, frequenter ampul- pallidissime brunneolis. Hyphis strata gelatinosa laceis, vel subulatis, vel utriformibus, haud acutis haud formantibus, elongatis vel filamentosis, ten- sed frequenter ad apicem nodulosis vel lobatis, vel uitunicatis, radiatim in pileo dispositis, defibula- furcatis vel capitatis et saepe geniculatis, omnibus tis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, hyalino. Hy- tenuitunicatis et hyalinis. Hyphis haud gelatinosis, phis oleiferis 2.7-6.7 pm diam. Epicute pilei fibulatis. Epicute pilei e fasciculis hypharum as- hyphosa, a tramate pilei paullum differente sed cendentium efformata, cellulis terminalibus hy- hyphis hie nonnihil angustioribus, 2-6.7 Mm diam., phosis (e. gr. 120 x 3 Mm) aut cystidioideis, his omnibus levibus, hyalinis; dermatocystidiis ad dermatocystidiis cheilocystidiis simillimis sed fre- marginem pilei numerosis, basin pilei versus spar- quenter nonnihil minoribus vel majoribus et ap- sis, his 20-54 x 5-9.5 Mm, plerumque strictis, pendiculo vel appendiculis latis, brevibus, obtusis,

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 121 rarius exiguis obsitis, praesertim ad apicem, saepe formibus, ampullaceis vel clavatis, angustis, x flexuosis. Dermatocystidiis stipitis 20-37 5-9.8 tenuitunicatis, hyalinis. Dermatopseudocystidiis Mm, versiformibus, frequenter subulatis vel utri- in stipite e. gr. 30 x 10 Mm, etiam versiformibus, formibus vel ampullaceis (collo 3-4.5 nm diarn., contentu aureo-melleo gaudentibus, rarioribus. In obtuso), rarius excrescentiis obtusis instructis, pileo dermatocystidiis dermatopseudocystidi- omnibus tenuitunicatis et hyalinis. isque nullis vel raris. Ad truncum emortuum dicotyledoneum in silva Ad humum lignosum in querceto (Quercus tropicali typi terrae firmae, dense gregatim. oleoides Schlecht. & Cham.) planitieis tropicali so- litario. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, 30 km N of Manaus, 18 I 1978, Singer B 10556 (INPA). TYPUS Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Parque Na- tional de Santa Rosa, 25 VII 1981, Singer B 12470-

The small size of the carpophores, from the be- 12478 (F). ginning distinct and at first central stipe, and the silky-hairy covering ofthe pileus separate this Am- This species seems to be close to Lyophyllum azonian species from other species of stirps Fu- because of the siderophilous granulosity of the ba- sisporus (sect. Echinospori). sidia but the presence of pseudocystidia and der- matopseudocystidia and the spores which are an- gular when seen in polar view, as well as the large number of clampless septa indicate affinity with ENTOLOMATACEAE Kotlaba & Pou- Rhodocybe. The narrower spores differentiate it zar from the species of sect. Rhodocybe, and the non- hygrophanous pileus distinguishes it from the Rhodocybe angustispora Sing., spec. nov. species entering the stirps of/?, nitellina (Fr.) Sing.

Pileo griseo, margine albido, interdum ochreo- brunneolo, glabro, levi vel subtiliter radiatim Rhodocybe conica Sing., spec. nov. striolato ad marginem, neque hygrophano neque viscido, convexo, demum circum papillam per- Pileo fuligineo, macroscopice glabro, haud vis- sistentem applanato, 1 2 mm lato. Lamellis albis, coso, nudo, margine primum incurvo, levi vel sub- dein albidis, horizontalibus, confertis, angustis, levi, conico, acuto, subpapillato, 20 mm lato, 1 1 liberis vel subliberis. Stipite albido, haud viscido, mm alto. Lamellis pallide griseis, dein sordidis, macroscopice glabro, sub lente subtiliter pubes- sub lente in siccis guttulis resinaceis succineis vel cente, praesertim ad apicem, aequali, 20 x 1 mm. castaneis apparentibus, angustissimis, confertis- Came alba, immutabili, inodora vel subinodora. simis, ascendentibus, late adnexis. Stipite fuli- Sporis 5.5-7.2 x 2.5-3.7 /im, amygdaliformi- gineo, glabro, levi, haud viscido, aequali, 17 x 1.2 bus, sublevibus vel leniter gibbosis, a polis visis mm. Carne superficiebus pallidiore, immutabili, angularibus, hyalinis in KOH, inamyloideis, par- tenui, inodora. iete continue cyanophila instructis. Hymenio: Bas- Sporis 5-7 x 2.84.4 Mm, versiformibus, ple- idiis 12-19 x 4-5 Mm, tetrasporis, intus granulosis rumque ellipsoideis, multis asperulis, nonnullis in medio "cotton blue," compluribus ad basin fi- cristis discontinuis et spinulis instructis, praeser- bulatis. Cystidiis ad latera lamellarum exiguis, in- tum e polis visis haud teretis, hyalinis vel sub- conspicuis, praesentibus. Pseudocystidiis ad et hyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 16-20 prope aciem lamellarum aut lanecolatis vel sub- x 5.5-6.2 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis nullis. Cheil- ulatis et e. gr. 14 x 2 Mm aut 15-50 x 4.5-8(-25) ocystidiis longissimis, filamentosis, 1-5 Mm diam., /urn, majoribus fusoideis vel clavatis vel clavato- hyalinis, tenuitunicatis sed massis resinaceis suc- mucronatis, corpusculis exiguis cyanophilis gut- cineis vel castaneis incrustatis in speciminibus tatis vel amorphis impletis. Hyphis non gelati- exsiccatis. Hyphis defibulatis, haud gelatinosis, in- nosis, inamyloideis, filamentosis, parallelis vel amyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex subparallelis, melleo-hyalinis in KOH, nonnullis hyphis subhyalinis vel lenissime pigmentatis, fibulatis, multis defibulatis, 1.5-4.5(-5) Mm diam. elongatis, subparallelis efformato. Epicute pilei cu- Tramate hymenophorali regulari, ex hyphis sub- tiformi ex hyphis atrocastaneis (pigmento intra- parallelis efformato. Epicute pilei cutiformi. Der- parietali et incrustante) parallelis et subintertextis matocystidiis stipitis 15-35 x 3-4.5 Mm, versi- efformata e quibus pila longa filiformia (usque ad

122 FIELDIANA: BOTANY 125x1 .7-2.5 pm), hyalina, tenuitunicata, obtusa, TYPUS Hawaii, Kauai, Hanapepe Canyon

interdum furcata emergunt, his pilis cheilocysti- Outlook, 4500 ft alt., 24 I 1981, Singer H 1 (F). diis similibus. Hypodermic multis in locis magis intertexto et subtrichodermiali, ex hyphis 2-5 nm This species belongs in sect. Rhodocybe. It dif- latis et eodem ut epicutis pigmento atrocastaneo. fers from R. mordax (Atk.) Baroni in shorter ba- Ad humum, folia putrescentia, frustula lignea sidia, smaller stipe, and somewhat shorter spores, in silva arenosa tropicali typi campinarana soli- and from R. lactariiformis Sing, and R. galeri- tario. noides Sing, in the absence of a papilla. Rhodocybe australis Sing, has dark incrusted hyphae. TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- Caracarai, km 125, 21 V 1978, Singer B 11049 (INPA). BOLETACEAE Chevalier The combination of fuliginous color and coni- cal-acute shape of the pileus distinguish this species Gyrodon adisianus Sing., spec. nov. from other species of sect. Decurrentes. Pileo dilute gilvo-luteo vel olivaceo-luteo vel stramineo, demum brunneo-maculato, maculis saepe aquosis, glabro macroscopice sed sub lente Rhodocybe hawaiiensis Sing., spec. nov. subtiliter brunneo-pustulato vel brunneo-floccu- loso, demum glabrescente, sicco, sed in maturis Pileo castaneo, umbilico griseolo-cinnamomeo viscidulo, levi, margine acuto, convexo, mox cen- vel subsepiaceo, margine ochreo-cinnamomeo, tro depresso aut supra stipitem depresso, frequen- glabro, fortiter hygrophano, rugoso-sulcato in ma- ter demum applanato, 43-74 mm lato. Hymeno- joribus, convexo, dein centre depresso vel ap- phoro boletinoideo-submerulioideo, tubulis sat planato et frequenter umbilicato, demum ex in- brevibus, plerumque seriatim radialiter dispositis, tegro applanato vel concave, 15-28 mm lato. "lamellis" radialibus strictis vel flexuosis, undu- Lamellis sordide pallidis, mox cinnamomeo- losis, fortiter anastomosantibus in planitie aequali ochreis, confertis vel subconfertis, haud arcuatis et profundiore et interdum nonnullis furcatis, ita sed subhorizontalibus, sat latis ut minime in tertia ut "pori" inaequales et compositi evadant, om- parte interiore (stipitem versus), late adnatis vel nino unicoloribus, sordide olivaceo-flavis, caeru- adnato-subdecurrentibus vel dente decurrentibus. lescentibus fractu. Sporarum massa brunneo-oli- Stipite pileo subconcolori vel sordide fusco, mac- vacea. Stipite apicem versus flavo vel fulvo-flavido, roscopice subglabro, sed ad apicem leniter pruin- atrobrunneo versus basin, subglabro (partim mi-

ato, cavo, aequali vel apicem versus attenuato, 1 8- nute pustulato ita ut pileus), haud squamoso, so- 1 9 x 1-3 mm. Mycelio basali albo. Came inodora. lido, centrali vel excentrico vel laterali, frequenter Sporis 5.4-7.5 x 3.7-5 jum, ellipsoideo-suban- curvato, sed etiam stricto, aequali, sed ad apicem gularibus, leniter asperulato-nodulosis, a polis vis- plerumque leniter incrassato, in aliis basin versus is angularibus, appendiculo hilari fortiter excen- gradatim attenuato, 25-58 x 4.5-13.5 mm. Velo trico instructis, sordide pallidissimeque carneis vel nullo. Mycelio basali brunneo. Came pilei flavido- subhyalinis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 19.5- alba et caerulescente fractu, molli in pileo et parte x 26 6-6.5 nm, tetrasporis. Pseudocystidiis ad superiore stipitis, carne stipitis brunnea vel atrob- aciem lamellarum nee non ad latera praesentibus, runnea, dura in parte inferiore stipitis; sapore et ad aciem x vix acidulis. numerosis, 28-45 4.7-6(_7) ^m , intus odore debilibus, contentu brunneolo (KOH) rarius hyalino imple- Superficie pilei NH4OH et NH 3 ope chalybaea, tis, fusoideis vel ventricosis, frequenter apicaliter dein griseolo-viridi. Carpophoris Agaricalium al- anguste subacute vel obtuse apiculatis, laete cas- bis contactu carpophororum huius fungi virescen- taneo-ferrugineis iodiuope, haud incrustatis. Hy- tibus. phis defibulatis, haud gelatinosis neque incrusta- Sporis (6.5-)7.5-9.5 x (4.3-)4.5-5Mm(Q= 1.5- tis, 2-16 Aim latis. Tramate hymenophorali regulari. 1.9, plerumque 1.6-1.8), ellipsoideis, numquam Epicute pilei ex hyphis 2-6 nm latis tenuiter vel subglobosis, nonnullis ex eis subphaseoliformibus firme (usque ad 0.4 jtm) tunicatis efformata, cu- lateraliter visis, levibus (sub immersione), sub- tiformi. crassiucule tunicatis, melleo-brunneis. Hymenio: Ad humum in silva. Basidiis 23.5-30 x 8-9.5 nm, clavatis, fibula bas-

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 123 all instructis, tetrasporis. Cystidiis sparsis vel raris, melloso, habitatione atque coloribus (in hoc "totus 15-23 x 3.5-4 nm, clavatis vel cylindraceis, hy- viridis" et "in terra"). alinis. Cheilocystidiis sat numerosis inter basidia, 13.5-19 x 5-5.8 nm, versiformibus, frequenter TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- clavatis vel ventricosis, interdum furcatis, obtusis, Caracarai, km 125, 20 VII 1973, Singer B 11310 plerumque hyalinis. Hyphis inamyloideis, fibu- (INPA). latis, in tramate pilei lenissime subgelatinosis, pig- mento plerumque intraparietali, interdum leniter incrustante. Hymenophori tramate bilaterali typi Xerocomus carnosus (Rostk.) Sing., comb. nov. Boleti. Hyphis oleiferis 3-8 nm latis, pallide mel- leis vel brunneis, frequenter, nonnullis anasto- BASIONYM Boletus carnosus Rostk., in Sturm, mosantibus et furcatis. Epicute pilei in strato in- Flora Deutschl. 3(5), tab. 14. 1844. This is related termittente trichodermiali (flocculorum), brunnea, to X. spadiceus (Fr.) Quel. It has all the charac- pigmento intraparietali et nonnihil incrustante, ex teristics visible in Rostkovius's plate and differs hyphis 1-3 /urn latis efformata. Hypodermio con- in very long (1 1.7-21 x 3.5-6.3 nm) spores. The tinue, partim subgelatinoso in maturis. Derma- surface of the pileus turns blue with ammonia, a tocystidiis cystidiis vel cheilocystidiis simillimis constantly strong and persistant reaction. Neo- praesentibus. type: Czechoslovakia, Moravia, Kurimi, Siberna Ad terrain et ad lignum emortuum arborum di- les, leg. Singer, Kfiz, Smarda, 1 VIII 1974, Singer cotyledonearum in silva inundabili typi varzea C 5733 (F). Also known from collections in Ger- gregatim. many, Switzerland, and England.

TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, Ilha Marchantaria, Lago Central, 18 III 1983, leg. Singer, Araujo Boletus heterodermus Sing., spec. nov.

Aguiar & Adis, Singer B 12434 (F). Pileo atro-(rubido-)umbrino, in siccis prope An analysis of the flora and the roots in the ("cocoa" M&P), subtiliter velutino, convexo, ob- vicinity of the area where the carpophores of G. tuso, 56 mm lato. Hymenophoro tubuloso, poris adisianus were collected indicated the absence of minutis (3 pro mm) brunneolo-olivaceis, tubis in ectotrophic and ectendotrophic mycorrhiza in the siccis prope "Cochin" M&P), 8 mm longis, ad- primary varzea and shows that this species is strictly nexis. Stipite pallido, griseolo tincto et fibrillis in- saprophytic (see also Singer, 1984). natis (haud reticulatis) castaneis variegato, sub lente minute castaneo-pustuloso, ventricoso, solido, 80 x 24 mm. Mycelio basali sparse, pallido. Carne

Phylloporus gymnocystis Sing., spec. nov. sat firma, vinaceo-rubida fracta, NH4OH in came et superficibus negativam reactionem exhibit. Pileo viridi, in siccis umbrino vel sepiaceo. Hy- Sporis 10-13.5 x 4-5 /mi, e. gr. 11.8 x 4.3 /zm menophoro stipitem versus sublamelloso, ceter- aut 10 x 4.7 /urn, fusoideis, levibus, poro germi- um e poris radiatim elongatis seriatis efformato, nativo destitutis, plerumque depressione supra- sordide roseolo, lento nigrescente. Stipite fuligi- hilari, rarius applanatione instructis, dilute mel- neo, subtiliter tomentoso, levi, tenui. Sporis 10.5- leo-brunneis, inamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21- 13.8 x 4-6 nm, inamyloideis, in massa sordide 30 x 7. 5-9 ^m, tetrasporis. Cystidiis 22-27 x 5.5- roseis ("wood rose" M&P). Hymenio: Basidiis (2- 8 pm, versiformibus, saepe fusoideis vel ampul- 3-)4-sporis. Cystidiis 35-50 x 10-12.5 nm, par- laceis vel ampullaceo-subcapitatis, optice conten- iete tenui, hyalina, pigmento intracellulari rubro- tu dissoluto homogeneo impletis, tenuitunicatis. brunneo vel fusco impletis, haud incrustatis. Ep- Hyphis defibulatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hy- icute trichodermiali, multis hyphis atrobrunneo- menophorali bilaterali typi Boletorum, hyalino, incrustatis. A P. manausensi Sing, differt cystidiis hyphis fortiter divergentibus in strato laterali. Ep- haud incrustatis pigmento resinaceo et hyphis ep- icute pilei trichodermiali, partim palisadica, par- icutis brunneo-incrustatis et sporis minoribus et tim non palisadica et lenissime gelatinosa, brun- hymenophoro magis poroideo et habitatione. In neola e pigmento intracellulari dissoluto, sed multis silva tropicali primaria typi campinarana (ad trun- hyphis hyalinis vel flavidulis, incrustationibus cos Leguminosarum). A. P. viridi (Berk.) Sing, dif- nullis; cellulis elongatis in strato inferiore gradatim fert sporis majoribus, hymenophoro minus la- brevioribus prope superficiem, ibi 11-17 x 8-12

124 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Mm, dein 0-38 x 17-22 nm el liberis, intermixtis mum albis, dein brunnescentibus, exiguis subi- nonnullis cellulis terminalibus cystidiformibus, his sodiametricis, rotundis vel angularibus, hymeno- 13-40 x 3.8-12 Mm, plerumque hyalinis, iodi ope phoro ad stipitem adnexo, dein leniter circum eum baud aurantiacis, anguste clavatis vel obtuse sub- depresso. Stipite concolori pileo in parte superiore ulatis, sparsis. Tegumento stipitis (in parte media sed plerumque pallidiore in parte inferiore, pri- stipitis) intermittente, pustulas formante, hie hy- mum levi atque subtiliter reticulate immediate sub meniformi, ex elementis 15-23.5 x 6-1 3 Mm, cla- hymenophoro, dein ad apicem longitudinaliter vatis vel ventricosis vel subvesiculosis, rotundato- costato-sulcato, costis in parte mediana anasto- obtusis, rarius ampullaceis, pariete usque ad 0.5 mosantibus et superficie hie fortiter reticulate, in Mm diam. instructis, melleis, paucis hyalinis ef- tertia parte inferiore levi, interdum inter reticu- formato. lationem fortem et pattern levem zona subtiliter Ad terram sub Quercu, Magnolia, Lauraceis in reticulata intercalata, venis reticulationum non- silva tropicali-montana inter 1700 et 2500 m alt. nihil obscurioribus colore basico stipitis, solido, bulboso, dein in parte apicali aequali, usque ad TYPUS Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Rio Buru, Au- 83 x 51 mm. Mycelio basali haud albo, sparse, gust 1983, Gomez 21548 (F). cum parte inferiore stipitis in siccis pallide alu- taceo. Carne alba, vix mutibili fractu, sed siccando Boletus fulvus Peck (non Schaeffer) should be flavescente, odore amylaceo, sapore miti. compared, but a type specimen does not exist at Sporis 10-14.5 x 4-5. 5(-6) Mm, plerumque 11- Albany (NYS). Our species from Central America 13 x 4.5 Mm, subfusoideis, depressione vel ap- is remarkable because of the context turning vin- planatione suprahilari instructis, Q < 3, firme vel aceous, the colors of the surfaces of the carpop- subcrassiuscule tunicatis, levibus, subhyalinis vel hores, and the structure of the covering layers. pallidissime melleis (KOH), dibiliter vel moder- atim pseudoamyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 21-35 x 8-10 Mm, tetrasporis. Cystidiis ampullaceis, ten- uitunicatis, hyalinis, ampullaceis, nonnullis (pseu- Tylopilus potamogeton var. mitis Sing., var. nov. docystidiis sensu Wolfe) corpusculis 1.5-6 fim diam. internis, castaneis vel brunneolis, iodi ope Pileo brunneolo-livido, minore, tubulis albis subbadiis impletis, omnibus sat numerosis, 30-43 dein roseolis, stipite brunneo apice albo, aequali, x 6.5-10.5 /im. Cheilocystidiis haud differentiatis. carne alba, miti. NH4OH in superficie caerulescit. Hyphis defibulatis, satis angustis, Tramate hy- Characteribus microscopicis eis var. aquarii Sing, menophorali bilaterali typi Boleti, mediostrato in Sing., Araujo & Ivory, Nov. Hedwigia Beiheft angusto, vix gelatinoso, subregulari axiali, pallide 77: 122. 1983 simillimis. flavido, strato laterali ample, hyalino, gelati- Ad terram humosam in silva inundabili typi noso. Epicute pilei trichodermiali-palisadica, hy- igapo rarius. phis in cellula terminali cystidiformibus, his der- matocystidiis 14-30 x 3.5-7 tmi, nonnullis usque TYPUS VARIETATIS Brazil, Amazonas, Igarape ad 8.2 Mm latis, obtusis vel subacutis, hyalinis vel do Tarumazinho, 13 HI 1983, Singer B 12425 frequentius luteo-brunneis pigmento intracellulari (INPA). et intraparietali, fusiformibus vel clavatis, non- nullis hyphalibus nee difFerentiatis. Elementis ep- icutis iodi ope (reagente Melzeri) corpusculis ro- Tylopilus montanus Sing., spec. nov. tundis internis atrocastaneis impletis. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis elongatis, castaneis effbrma- Pileo primum pallide purpurascente, dein atro- to. Incrustationibus raris et inconspicuis vel nullis. castaneo (in siccis primum "butterscotch," dein Stratis gelatinosis nullis. Tegumento stipitis supra inter "Vandyke Br" et "cocoa Br" centre "brack- reticulationes subhymeniformi, e membris ter- en" M&P), demum subatro, velutino, impolite, minalibus trichodermii palisadici cystidiformibus demum subglabrescente, margine anguste incurvo efformato, cellulis inferioribus elongatis vel brev- et acuto demum subobtuso, pulvinato, dein con- ibus (e. gr. 15 x 1 Mm) catenulatim dispositis; vexo et obtuso, superficie demum minute rivuloso dermatocystidiis 15-36 x 3-7 Mm, hyalinis vel vel rimoso, 1 1 mm lato. Hymenophoro tubuloso, luteobrunneis vel succineis, forma sua dermato- tubulis moderatim longis, albis, tactu, fractu et cystidiis pilei simillimis, incrustatione nulla vel aetate fumosis vel brunneo maculatis, poris pri- vix manifesta.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 125 Ad terram in Querceto-Magnolieto tropicali- inconspicua obtectis, apice superno interdum mu- montano gregatim. cronato-effilato instructis consistentibus. Inter fi- brillis epicute trichodermiali, ex hyphis intertextis TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartage, Chonta, 2500 m efformata et catenulis sparsis singularibus inter-

alt., 1 1 VII 1982, Gomez 19199 (F). mixtis eis fibrillarum simillimis. Maculis puncti- formibus pigmentatis superficieis stipitis e pilis plerumque cylindraceis rarius anguste clavatis vel Austroboletus graciliaffinis Sing., spec. nov. fusiformibus, 26-60 x 5-9.5(-12.8) Mm efforma- tis, his luteis, haud incrustatis, repentibus vel er- Pileo fusco (15 J 11, sicco 8 E 12 M&P), rivu- ectis, saepe fasciculatis, interdum furcatis, obtusis. loso-subgranuloso, sub lente fibrillis flocculoso- Inter eas hyphis superficialibus hyalinis tantum connatis castaneis in siccis obtecto, convexo, cen- visis. tro plerumque depresso in maturis, 52 mm lato. Ad terram humosam in silva tropicali typi cam- Hymenophoro tubulari, pallide sordideque roseo- pinarana supra solum arenosum. lis, ad ipsum stipitem sublamellate elongatis, poris concoloribus, 0.3-1.5 mm latis, inaequalibus, sed TYPUS Brazil, Amazonas, near road Manaus- plerumque subisodiametricis, subtiliter fimbriatis, Caracarai, km 45, 31 III 1980, leg. Antonio Web- hymenophoro circum stipitem fortiter depresso. ber, Singer B 12088 (INPA). Stipite sordide albido, basin versus griseolo ("sandy beige" vel "elephant skin"; ibi interdum tegu- This species is related to A. gracilis (Peck) Wolfe mento ochraceo evoluto), apicem versus albo, and A. rionegrensis Sing. macroscopice glabro et levi, in siccis sub lente subferrugineo- vel castaneo-brunneo fibrilloso vel punctate ut minime basin stipitis versus, solido, in medio superiore aequali vel subaequali, in me- RUSSULACEAE Roze dio inferiore crassiore, sed baud bulboso, 88 x 10 mm, apice 6 mm diam., et sub hymenophoro Russula austromontana Sing., spec. nov. demum nonnihil dilatato. Velo nullo. Mycelio basali sparse, albo, parte in stipite ascendente in- Pileo griseo vel fusco marginem versus pallid- terdum ochrascente. Carne alba, immutabili frac- iore et sordidiore et pallide-virgato, demum areis tu, in basi stipitis superficiei concolori, inodora ochreis variegato, glabro, marginem versus longe miti. sulcato, convexo, dein piano, centro profunde de- Sporis 12.7-15.3 x 6.3-8 pm, fusoideis, depres- presso, 24-48 mm lato. Lamellis pallidis subcon- sione debili suprahilari instructis, circumferentia fertis, subangustis vel sat latis, aequalibus vel pau- asperulis, ornamentatione spinulosa (spinulis ten- cis lamellulis intermixtis, simplicibus, intervenosis, uibus, cylindraceis, interdum lineariter aggregatis acie demum saepe fuscidulis, subliberis. Sporis al- melleo-brunneolis), paullum pallidioribus ceter- bidulis, in massa crassa autem albido-cremeis (in- um sed perisporio levi, hyalina, paullum evoluto ter Ib et lib Romagnesii). Stipite pallido, sed e et fugaci obtectis. Hymenio: Basidiis 26-29 x 10.7- basi fuscescente vel grisente, at in siccis KOH et 11. 5 Aim, (2-)4-sporis. Cystidiis 28-48 x 6.7-10.7 formalinae ope haud rubescente (neque intus), Atm, ampullaceis vel subampullaceis, aureomelleis sublevi, aequali, 22-30 x 3-8 mm, basi saepe vel sordide melleis. Hyphis defibulatis. Tramate contracto. Carne albida vel partim subgriseola, nee hymenophorali bilaterali typi Boleti, mediostrato rubescente nee nigrescente; odore caseoso in ve- paulum vel haud gelatinoso, hyalino vel pallide getis, dein piscium, sapore miti vel submiti. aureo, hyphis 4-5 /^m latis; strato laterali ample, Sporis 6.5-8.5 x 5.5-7 /um, ornamentatione typi hyalino, fortiter gelatinoso, hyphis 1-8 ^m latis. IV, V, VI, raro IV-II, IV-VIII, plerumque IV vel Subhymenio ex elementis exiguis, haud gelatinos- V, 0.4-0.7 Mm projiciente inclusa, hyalinis vel sub- is, hyalinis efformato. Epicute pilei ex fibrillis fas- hyalinis, amyloideis et macula amyloidea mani- ciculatis efformata, his catenulis cellularum er- festa suprahilari instructis. Hymenio: Basidiis 23- ectarum, flavidarum, frequenter vesiculosarum 31 x 9-12 /urn, tetrasporis. Macrocystidiis 53 x (17.8-55.5 x 12-47 Mm) aut elongatarum (15.3- 9.5 Mm, contentu subtiliter vermiformi impletis, 57 x 8-24.5 Mm) haud vel vix gelatinosis, parie- appendiculo usque 3.5 Mm longo tenui ornatis, fu- tibus tenuibus instructis, incrustatione nulla vel soideis, hyalinis. Hyphis defibulatis, sphaerocys-

126 FIELDIANA: BOTANY tibus numerosis intermixtis, in tramate hymeno- nitido nee viscido, glabro, sub lente punctulato, phorali sphaerocystibus nee non hyphis ad marginem obtusum (nee rotundatum) breviter filamentosis et hyphis oleiferis (cum contentu sulcato, convexo, centro subumbilicato vel latius granuloso) numerosis. Omnibus hyphis et sphaer- depresso, 49 mm lato. I .aim-Ills albis, confertis, ocystibus inamyloideis. Epicute pilei ex hyphis as- leniter intervenosis, paucis lamellulis intermixtis, cendentibus, saepe furcatis, multiseptatis, 4-8 nm ad stipitem aut bifirurcatis aut simplicibus, cet- latis efformata, membris terminalibus 1442 x erum paucis vel nullis furcatis, mediocriter latis, 3.5-9 Mm, his cystidiformibus (dermatocystidiis subliberis. Sporis in massa inter la et Ib Romag- ciliatis), fusoideis vel subulatis, acutis vel suba- nesii (aestimatio). Stipite albo, glabro, sublevi, su- cutis, tenuitunicatis, hyalinis, multis intus subtil- baequali vel subventricoso, apice ipso saepe di- iter granularibus, aliis haud granularibus (his ge- latato, 38 x 9-11 mm. Came alba, immutabili, neratim minoribus). Subcute gelatinosa in strato miti, inodora. inferiore ixocutem, in superiore ixotrichoder- Sporis 7.5-8.5 x 6.5-7.8 nm, subglobosis, or- mium formante, 40-45 Mm alta. Hypodermio mi- namentatione typi IV, Illb 0.5-1 nm projiciente nus alto, haud gelatinoso, ex hyphis in KOH (in (plerumque 0.8 Mm) et macula suprahilari amy- siccis) ochraceis, intertextis efformato. Tegumento loidea munitis, amyloideis, hyalinis, appendice hi- stipitis epicuti pilei simili sed dermatopseudocys- lari 1.2-1.8 nm alto. Hymenio: Basidiis 27-36 x tidiis rarioribus praesentibus quorum apices ro- 9-12.5 Mm, tetrasporis, sterigmatibus 3-6 nm lon- tundato-obtusi sunt. Pigmentis, praesertim in stra- gis. Macrocystidiis praesentibus (sed haud omni- to externo stipitis et eius tegumento, in areis bus contentu optice visibili munitis), nonnullis definitis manifeste intraparietalibus atque brun- contentu vermiformi, aliis granulari gaudentibus, neis (ita ut in R. ochroleuca), in NH4OH et KOH contentu saepe in parte superiore cellulae limitato, visibilibus. pariete tenui vel firma instructis, plerumque ob- Ad terram sub Quercu sp. in quercetis, solitario tusis, multis autem appendiculo usque ad 6 pm vel gregatim. longo munitis, 36-50 x 6-9.5 pm, fusoideis vel subclavatis. Hyphis defibulatis. Tramate hymen- TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartago, El Empalme, 2300 ophorali multis accumulationibus sphaerocystium m alt., 23 VII 1981, Singer B 12402 (F). Additional instructis, hyalina, inamyloidea. Epicute pilei e collection: Alajuela, San Ramon, Bella Vista, un- dermatopseudocystidiis macrocystidiis hymenii der Quercus brenesii Trelease, 24 VII 1981, Singer similibus et nonnullis hyphis filamentosis effor-

B 12420 (F). mata, paullum gelatinosa; dermatopseudocystidiis 3-6.5 Mm tanturn latis; hyphis primordialibus (in- This Russula belongs in sect. Foetentes and it is crustatis) nullis. Subcute gelatinosa profunda, sub- close to R. pectinata Fr. but differs in simple, al- tus ex ixocute, superne ex ixotrichodermio effor- most equal lamellae, more slender stipe, paler spore mata. Hypodermio cutiformi, ex hyphis print, odor and taste, and the acute to subacute filamentosis, haud gelatinosis efformato. Tegu- dermatocystidia of the pileus. In contrast to this, menti stipitis dermatopseudocystidiis e. gr. 23.5 the spore print of/?, pectinata Fr. sensu Fr., Sing, x 4 Mm, ceterum dermatopseudocystidiis pilei corresponds to Ilb-c in Romagnesi's plate, and its simillimis. odor in young specimens is more variable than in Sulfovanillina supra superficiem stipitis sicci R. austromontana; its taste is moderately acrid. numquam laete cinnabarinam reactionem, sed This species from the Central American moun- brunneolam praebens. tains appears to be intermediate between R. Ad terram sub Quercu humboldtii Bonpl. in amoenolens Romagnesi and R. pectinata but the Humb. & Bonpl. spore print is darker and the taste milder than in both. TYPUS Colombia, Cauca, "Los Araoz", 100 km

S of Cali, 12 IV 1968, Singer B 6046 (F).

Russula caucaensis Sing., spec. nov. Although when fresh this species reminds one of R. Integra (L. ex Vitt.) Fr. sensu L., Sing, (non = Pileo rubro (ut in R. Integra velenovskyi), in Maire, Romagnesi), it is rather close to R. emetica zona marginali siccando "clove pink" (M&P), cen- (Schaeffer ex Fr.) Pers. ex Fr. but differs from the

tro in siccis multum obscuriore (e. gr. 8 J 1), haud latter in spore ornamentation type and mild taste.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 127 Russula delica Fr. var. centroamericana Sing., var. Russula dipigmentata Sing., spec. nov. nov. Pileo laete vitellino, margine praecipue siccando Pileo albo, siccando partim sordide pallideque purpurascente ("laurel oak" M&P), glabro, visci- Lamellis subdistantibus (ad mar- grisello, glabro. do, sub lente subtiliter punctulato, in vegetis de- 4 lamellis pro 10 mm), albis. Sporarum ginem mum breviter sulcato sed in siccis levi, margine massa inter la et Ib dia- Romagnesii; stipite pilei rotundato-obtuso, convexo, mox margine plano- metro breviore, albo dein partim sublurido sed depresso, 48 mm lato. Lamellis aurantioflavis, baud glauco nee caeruleo, solido, sublevi, glabro; confertis, mediocriter latis, attenuato-attingenti- carne alba, immutabili, miti, odore leniter sapon- bus. Sporis in massa ochraceis, Ilia Romagnesii. aceo, sulfovalinninae ope purpurascente-carmi- Stipite albo, glabro, subaequali, 80 x 1 1 mm. nea, mox brunnea. Carne alba, miti, inodora. 9.7-12.5 x 9-11 fj.m (ornamentatione Sporis Sporis 9-10.5 x 7. 5-8. 7 /an, raro usque ad 12.5 Ilia, rarius Illb, IIIb-II, II, -0.9-1.3 ^m proji- x 10.3 /an, subglobosis, flavis, ornamentatione ciente baud inclusa), macula suprahilari amylo- typi IV, IV-II, IV-VIII, V (paucis VI), projiciente idea munitis, hyalinis. Basidiis 39-48 x 11-13.5 0.3-0.6 /an, in sporis giganteis saepe typo VII or- tetrasporis, sterigmatibus (5-)6-10(-15) nm. ^m natis, amyloideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 30-39.5 x sparsis, 25-44 x 5-13 pm, versifor- Cystidiolis 10-12.5 /an (2-)4-sporis. Macrocystidiis praesen- mibus, absque contentu, tenuitunicatis. Macro- tibus (sed post novem menses baud caerulescen- sulfovanillinae ope (decem d. post exsic- cystidiis tibus in sulfovanillina), 36-60 x 5-9 /an, versi- baud caerulescentibus, sed in cationem) parte formibus, frequenter fusoideis sed plerumque superiore azurei caerulescentibus, cresylici ope obtusis, interdum appendiculatis, tenuitunicatis, tenui vel firma, interdum leniter incrustata, pariete in parte superiore plerumque granulis subtilibus in azureo baud metachromatica instruc- cresylico densis vel omnino granulis admodum sparsis re- tis, numerosissimis, 42-96 x 5-13.5 /an, plerum- pletis. Cheilocystidiis cystidioloformibus, e. gr. 15 que fusoideis, contentu vermiformi sparse vel fre- x 5.5 /an, ventricosis vel clavatis, tenuitunicatis, denso interdum quentius impletis, subcylindraceis, "vacuis." Hyphis defibulatis. Sphaerocystibus in interdum appendiculatis, raro capitulatis vel cla- tramate lamellarum numerosis. Epicute pilei e vatis, e parte inferiore subhymenii ortis. Hyphis dermatocystidiis (cellulis terminalibus hypharum defibulatis, inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophor- 2 /an crassarum) baud numerosis, clavatis, 5 ali cum sphaerocystibus sed per 300-400 /im ab /an latis et hyphis interdum furcatis et hyphis pri- acie ex filamentosis (rarius sub- plerumque hyphis mordialibus incrustatis, filamentosis, 2.5-5 /an inflatis) et hyphis oleiferis (nonnullis ex eis ma- crassis, flavidis efformata, paullum gelatinosa. crocystidiis conjunctis) 2-7.5 /an latis efformato. Subcute gelatinosa bene evoluta. Hypodermio cu- Subhymenio ex hyphis filamentosis multiseptatis tiformi. Pigmentis duobus (1) salmoneo dissolute, vel isodiametricis exiguis, intertextis, hyalinis ef- (2) granulari, solido luteo in zona marginali pilei formato; hyphis laticiferis nullis. Epicute pilei tri- sicci praesentibus. Tegumento stipitis e cellulis sublaxa sed baud chodermiali, profunda, gelati- terminalibus vix differentials et saepe ascenden- nosa, hyphis primordialibus, filamentosis, 3-8 /an tibus et hyphis primordialibus eis pilei simillimis incrustatis verrucis latis, hyalinis, tenuiparietali- efformato. bus, contentu destitutis; et der- dermatocystidiis Ad terram in quercetis (cum Arbuto et Pinis) nullis. Subcute matopseudocystidiis gelatinosa mixtis, solitario. nulla. Hypodermio moderatim profundo, ex hy- phis filamentosis efformato et nee ab epicute nee a tramate pilei abrupte delimitato. TYPUS Spain, Catalonia, Tossa, 24 X 1979, In solo non calcareo in Querceto-Magnolieto Singer C 9610 (F). tropicali-montana.

TYPUS Costa Rica, Cartage, La Chonta, 2500 This species differs in colors from R. murrillii m alt., 1 1 VII 1982, Gomez 18191 (F). Burl., a species, like R. dipigmentata, belonging in This variety differs from related forms mainly subsect. Amethystinae and not rare in Western in distant lamellae while otherwise close to R. North America and Japan. Russula flavodtrina brevipes Peck. Blum nom. nud. is possibly identical.

128 FIELDIANA: BOTANY Russula eogranulata (Seer.) Sing., comb. nov. TYPUS Czechoslovakia, Bohemia, Bradlo, Pri-

rodne Reservace, 10 IX 1970, Singer C 5115 (F). BASIONYM Agaricus eogranulatus Seer., My- cogr. Suisse 1: 505. 1833. The only other species of sect. Plorantes which NEOTYPUS Switzerland, Vaud, Sauvabelin has a deep gelatinous subcutis is R. fuegiana Sing, above Lausanne, 25 VI 1971 (the original locali- from Tierra del Fuego, which differs in the orna- ty!), Singer C 5425 (F). As described by Secretan. mentation type of the spores.

Pileo roseolo, furfuroso-pruinato; sporis lacteis in ornamentatione IV- cumulo, typi VI, VII-II, Russula gomezii Sing., spec. nov. (0.3-)0.4-0.5(-0.7) ^m alta; macrocystidiis prae- sentibus in in absentibus. In sil- hymenio, epicute Pileo rosaceo (colore R. rosaceae gaudente), ve- va frondosa sub et nonnullis fagis quercubus. lutino-subtomentoso, sicco, margine mox sulcato, obtuso, ceterum convexo, dein centro applanato, umbilicato, depresso, 18-31 mm lato. Lamellis Russula gelatinascens Sing., spec. nov. albis, sat confertis vel subconfertis, sat latis, sub- Pileo albo, demum ferrugineo-maculato, sicco decurrentibus. Sporis in massa inter la et Ib Rom- gilvescente et margine albido, in vegetis subto- agnesii, quam Ib pallidioribus. Stipite pileo con- mentoso et opaco sed sub pluviis viscidulo, levi, colori sed apice frequenter albo, subaequali vel convexo, centro infundibuliformi, 110 mm lato. basi acuminate vel apice angustato, 21-34 x 4-6 Lamellis pallidis (baud glaucis nee caeruleis), con- mm. Carne alba, immutabili, inodora, miti. fertis, confertissimis fere, satis angustis, lamellulis Sporis 7-7.5(-8) x 6.2-6.5 fim, plerumque intemixtis sed haud tri- nee polydymis, siccando subglobosis, hyalinis, amyloideis, ornamentatione pallide alutaceis et albo-pulverulentis (e sporis), typi VI, IV, IV-II, 0.2-0.5 nm projiciente gauden- decurrentibus, ad marginem pilei acutis, sinuatis. tibus, macula suprahilari amyloidea manifesta in- Sporis in massa inter A et B (Crawshayi), quam B structis. Hymenio: Basidiis 22-31.5 x 6. 5-12 ^m, pallidioribus. Stipite candido, levi, aequali, 48 x frequentius ventricosis quam clavatis, tetrasporis. 29 mm. Carne Candida, immutabili, miti sed mas- Cystidiis 37-60 x 8-1 1 nm moderatim numeros- ticatione lento subpiperino, odore fructuum levi, is, basidiomorphis, interdum 1-4 appendiculis siccando inodora. sterigmatiformibus ornatis, contentu nullo optice Sporis 9.5-13.5 x 9.3-12.3 Mm, globosis vel visibili, sulfovanillinae ope haud caerulescentibus. subglobosis, ornamentatione typi Ilia vel IIIa-II Cheilocystidiis 25-41 x 4-7.5 /mi, utriformibus, gaudente, qua 0.7-1.5 nm projicit, hyalinis, amy- apice subcapitatis vel claviculatis et 3.5-6.7 /mi loideis. Hymenio: Basidiis 52 x 10.3 nm tetras- diam., paucis minute appendiculatis ita ut cysti- poris. Macrocystidiis numerosissimis, contentu dia, paucis interne septatis. Hyphis inamyloideis, vermiformi abundante repletis, 70-76 x 8-9 fim. defibulatis. Epicute pilei ex hyphis primordialibus

Hyphis inamyloideis, defibulatis. Sphaerocystibus efformata, his 2.5-5.5 /mi diam., roseis in H 20, in tramate hymenophorali numerosis, sat volu- verrucose incrustatis. Dermatopseudocystidiis minosis. Epicute pilei e hyphis plus minusve ap- nullis (reactione sulfovanillinae nulla, negativa). plicatis filamentosis, incrustatione nulla vel sparsa Subcute gelatinosa nulla. gaudentibus, plurimis hyalinis efformata et inter Sulfovanillinae ope superficies sicca stipitis ad eas dermatopseudocystidiis paucis praesentibus, laete-rubrum mutatur, sed mox brunnescit. his e. gr. 83 x 4.8 nm, anguste fusoideis vel fila- Ad terram humosam in quercetis (Quercus bre- mentoso-subventricosis, subhyalinis, contentu nesii Trelease) solitario. vermiformi vel granuloso impletis. Subcute gela- tinosa profunda praesente, ex hyphis filamentosis TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, San Ramon, Bella (sed hinc illinc subincrassatis), distantibus in KOH Vista, 24 VII 1981, 1200 m alt., Singer B 12429

efformata. Hypodermic cutiformi intermittente et (F). Additional collection: same locality, 26 VII

interdum paullum differentiate. Tegumento stip- 1981, Singer B 12501 (F). itis e dermatopseudocystidiis numerosis, anguste ventricosis et longis, 4.5-7 nm latis efformato. This species belongs in subsect. Lilaceinae and Ad terram et humum in silva mixta (Picea et is close to R. subminutula Sing, and R. praetenuis Fagus). Murr. Russula minutula Velen. is also similar but

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 129 has different odor and taste, lacks differentiated cente, numquam roseo, subaequali vel attenuate x cheilocystidia and has a much more persistent re- aut basin aut apicem versus, 18-36 4.5-8 mm. action with sulfovanillin. Carne alba, immutabili, inodora, miti. Sporis 7-9.5 x 6.5-8 nm, hyalinis, subglobosis vel breviter ellipsoideis, ornamentatione typi IV, Russula hongoi Sing., spec. nov. Illb, in paucis V-VI (lineis connectivis in sporis typi IV partim tenuissimis et microscopic sub im- Pilei brunneo (prope "hazel" M&P) margine mersione vix visibilibus, qua ex re omnes sporae pallidiore, cuticula a margine haud retracta, gla- typi Illb considerari possunt), 0.5-1.2 jun proji- bra, sub lente in centre pruinata instructo, margine ciente munitis, amyloideis, macula suprahilari subacuto, convexo, centro depresso (in siccis sub- amyloidea gaudentibus. Hymenio: Basidiis umbilicato), 48 mm lato. Lamellis albis, aequal- (21-)26-29.5 x 7.5-1 2 /im. Macrocystidiis 24-39 ibus, confertis, attenuato-subliberis. Sporis in x 5.5-8.5 Mm, fusoideis, rarius ampullaceis vel massa haud visis, sed evidenter quam Romagnesii cylindraceis, appendiculo 1.5-4.5 pm longo or- Ib haud obscuriore. Stipite albo, siccando leniter natis vel rarius destitutis, contentu vermiformi brunnescente, cylindraceo vel subaequali, solido, manifesto et abundante (sulfovanillinae ope in sic- 37 x 10 mm. Came alba, immutabili, elastico- cis vix caerulescente) repletis. Hyphis defibulatis, firma, miti, inodora. inamyloideis. Tramate hymenophorali e sphaer- Sporis 5.7-6.7 x 5-6.3 Mm (ornamentatione in- ocystibus et multis hyphis filamentosis effbrmato. clusa), subglobosis vel globosis, hyalinis, amyloid- Epicute pilei e dermatopseudocystidiis 2045 x eis, ornamentatione typi IV, Illb, 0.3(-0.4) |tm 3-10 Mm effbrmatis, his sat numerosis, versifor- projiciente munitis, macula suprahilari in zona levi mibus, saepe ventricosis vel clavatis, ceterum ma- praesente sed admodum debiliter amyloidea. Hy- crocystidiis simillimis. Subcute gelatinosa hyalina menio: Basidiis tetrasporis. Cystidiis in sulfovan- 10-30 Mm alta. Hypodermic cutiformi, flavido, illina vix manifeste caerulescentibus. Hyphis in- 10-30 Mm alto. amyloideis, defibulatis. Epicute pilei in Ad terram sub Quercu brenesii Trelease. trichodermio palisadico, e structura ei R. vescae simili efformata, inferne duobus sphaerocystibus, TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, San Ramon, Bel- superne cellulis gradatim angustioribus superim- lavista, 24 VII 1981, Singer B 12428 (F). positis; dermatopseudocystidiis nullis, pigmento hyalino vel brunneolo-hyalino, non intraparietali This species is related to R. caucaensis Sing, (see nee incrustante; sphaerocystibus 12-14 x 1 1 ^m. above). Subcute moderatim tantum gelatinosa et haud profunda praesente, sed intermittente. Ad terrain in silva Castanopsidis mixta, solitario. Russula pluteoides Sing., spec. nov.

TYPUS Japan, Kyoto, Mt. Daimonji, 14 IX Pileo umbrino in centro, pallido ad marginem, 1984, Singer A 4074 (Y). glabro, levi, sed margine longe sulcato-pectinato, et disco minute ruguloso, acuto ad marginem, This is similar to R. brunneola Burl, and related campanulato, umbone exiguo centrali munito, 1 5- to R. vesca Fr. The small spores and the color of 16 mm lato. Lamellis albidis, angustis, omnibus the pileus remind one of R. pilati Zvara. fere aequalibus, simplicibus, nonnullis prope slip- item bifurcatis, subliberis. Sporis in massa separ- ata haud visis, sed supra lamellis Ha Romag- Russula mitissima Sing., spec. nov. nesii. Stipite pallide avellaneo-grisello, levi, basin versus attenuate, 18 x 6 mm, ad basin 3 mm Pileo rubro (ut R. emeticd) vel roseo, subnitente, diam. Velo nullo. Subiculo nullo. Mycelio basali centro lurido vel subolivaceo, in vegetis viscido, albo, strigoso. Carne alba, immutabili, inodora, glabro, ad marginem per 5-6 mm sulcato et ob- miti. tuso, convexo, mox centro depresso, 18-35 mm Sporis 7-7.8 x 6-6.8 Mm, subglobosis, hyalinis, lato. Lamellis albis, moderatim latis vel satis an- ornamentatione typi VI, V (sed lineis connectivis gustis, haud interveosis, confertis, attenuato-sub- tenuissimis et microscopio sub immersione vix liberis. Sporis in massa albis (la Romagnesii). visibilibus praesentibus ita ut typus Illb evadit), Stipite albo, siccando interdum leniter brunnes- 0.3-0.7 Mm, plerumque 0.5 Mm projiciento

130 FIELDIANA: BOTANY munitis, macula suprahilari amyloidea praesente tus spongioso-farcto, aequali vel leniter attenuate aut absente, sed aut exigua aut submota aut vix apicem versus, rarius ventricoso, 33-70 x 14-28 amyloidea. Hymenio: Basidiis 29-32 x 8.5-9 pm, mm, plerumque 45-70 x 16-26 mm. Carne alba, tetrasporis. Cystidiis 45-67 x 5.5-7.2 Mm, sat immutabili fractu, in lamellis quoque immutabili, numerosis, fusoideis, interdum subulatis, acutis odore nullo vel debiliter fructuum, sapore in la- vel obtusis, tenuitunicatis, pariete azurei cresylici mellis acri, dein subacri, in stipite miti vel submiti, ope baud metachromata sed azurea instructis, ap- in pileo vix amaro. pendiculo spiniformi vel globuloso 1-3.5 nm alto Sporis (6.5-)7.5-9.5 x (5.3-)5.8-7.5 Mm, ple- frequenter munitis, optice vacuis vel disperse sub- rumque 8-9 x 6.5-7.5 Mm vel 8-8.5 x 5.8-6.2 Mm, tiliterque granulosis. Hyphis inamyloideis, defi- i.e. subglobosis vel breviter ellipsoideis, hyalinis bulatis. Tramate hymenophorali sphaerocystibus in KOH, amyloideis, ornamentatione typi IV vel numerosis, voluminosis, tenuitunicatis munito. Illb sed frequenter IIIb-II, Illb-VIII, IV-VIII, Epicute pilei e dermatocystidiis ciliiformibus et paucis II vel II-VIII, lineis connectivis interdum cellulis terminalibus hypharum efformata, vix vel tenuissimis, projiciente 0.4-1 Mm, plerumque 0.7 lenissime gelatinosa; dermatocystidiis 18-105 x Mm asperis, macula suprahilari amyloidea mani- 2.5-4.5 Mm, anguste fusoideis vel laneceolatis, festa munitis. Hymenio: Basidiis 28-52 x (5.3_)8- acutis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis, paucis subtiliter 1 1 Mm, tetrasporis, interdum 2-4-sporis (et tune granulari-incrustatis, saepe intus septatis, inter- pro ratione elongatioribus, atque sporis plurimis dum furcatis, nonnullis intus sparse subtiliterque subellipsoideis), clavatis. Macrocystidiis nume- granulosis, frequenter duobus e incrassata rosis vel sat numerosis ad latera, numerosis vel ortis, nonnumquam basin versus multiseptatis, numerosissimis ad aciem lamellarum, 45-85 x raro medio constrictis. Dermatopseudocystidiis 7.5-15 Mm, ventricosis vel fusoideis, rarius cylin- nullis. Subcute gelatinosa in strato infero ixocu- draceis, appendiculo brevi interdum apiculatis, tiformi, in supero gradatim ixotrichodermiali. Hy- rarius mucronatis, pariete tenui vel firma, apice podermio cutiformi, hyalino. in non-apiculatis obtuso-rotundatis, rarius suba- Ad folia dicotyledonea in silva tropicali-mon- cutis, contentu granulari vel vermiformi ex toto tana Quercu brenesii Trelease dominante. fere impletis et sulfovanillinae ope caerulescenti- bus. Hyphis inamyloideis, defibulatis. Tramate filamentoso et TYPUS Costa Rica, Alajuela, San Ramon, Bella hymenophorali sphaerocystibus medianis et voluminosis, sed aciem lamellarum Vista, 1 900 m alt., 26 VII 1981, Singer B 12500 versus catenulatis (F). saepe praesentibus. Epicute pi- lei e dermatocystidiis obtusis vel acutis interdum leniter nee non This species reminds one of Pluteus by its habit incrustatis, dermatopseudocysti- diis in sulfovanillina versifor- as well as by its colors, but is a true Russula, sect. caerulescentibus, Diversicolores. mibus atque hyphis oleiferis efformata. Subcute gelatinosa 50-85 Mm alta, hyalina, ex hyphis as- cendentibus 0.8-3 Mm latis, laxe dispositis effor- mata. Hypodermic cutiformi, ex hyphis filamen- Russula psammophila Sing., spec. nov. tosis, cum hyphis oleiferis intermixtis, tenuitunicatis vel rarius parietibus usque ad 0.6 Pileo albo, interdum maculis hygrophanis visis, Mm crassis instructis efformato. Inter hypoder- dein e centre pallide biso vel sordide grisello (haud mium et subcutem nonnulis dermatopseudocys- flavido), levi, margine subobtuso sed haud rotun- tidiis 40-85 x 3-8 Mm (endocystidiis) intercalatis. dato, demum obtuso, post pluvias viscido, dein Tegumento stipitis e dermatopseudocystidiis ef- cito sicco, convexo, centre mox abrupto angus- formato.

teque depresso, acute depresso vel umbilicato, 33- FeSO4 cum carne stipitis grisascens, supra cor-

80 mm lato, plerumque 45-80 mm lato. I . aim-Ills ticem stipitis roseologrisascens. Sulfovanillina su- albis, dein salmoneo-aurantio-cremeis, raro cre- pra stipitem purpurascens, mox brunnescens. Sul- meis, confertissimis vel confertis, mediocriter latis foformol supra stipitem grisascens (usque ad (6 mm), haud vel vix intervenosis, subadnexis chalybaeum vel griseo-roseolum). KOH supra pi- vel subliberis, paucis furcatis. Sporis in massa cre- lei superficiem: O. Phenol cum carne atrocasta- meis (lib Romagnesii). Stipite albo vel albido, fre- neum. quenter ad basin vel e basi subalutaceo, levi vel Ad terram humosam sub quercubus in silvis lenissime subruguloso, glabro, solido, demum in- quercinis et mixtis, gregatim.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 131 TYPUS USA, Illinois, Lake County, Illinois obtusis, frequenter appendiculo 2.5-6 nm longo State Beach Park pr. Zion, 1 VIII 1982, Singer N ornatis, ex integro vel in centro vel in apice tantum

5046 (F). Additional collection: same locality, 28 accumulatione contentus aculeifirmis vel vermi- IX 1983, Singer N 5135 (F). formis, sulfovanillinae ope caerulescentis repletis, sed nonnullis cystidiis contentu tali destitutis, his This species is very closely related to R. an- ad aciem lateraque lamellarum praesentibus. Hy- omala Peck but has somewhat smaller spores which phis inamyloideis, defibulatis. Tramate hymeno- are more frequently cristulate, and the pale huffish phorali e sphaerocystis sat numerosis, sat volu- to cream color in the more narrowly depressed minosis et hyphis filamentosis efformato. Epicute pileus is here absent; also, the blue sulfoformalin pilei e cellulis terminalibus hypharum subcutis fi- reaction of R. anomala is absent, and the taste is lamentosarum, obtusarum, l-2( 4) nm latis et less or not at all bitter. Russula albella Peck differs dermatopseudocystidiis et hyphis primordialibus in reticulate (type Ilia) spores. Russula albidula efformata; dermatopseudocystidiis cylindraceis vel Peck is a much smaller species, with reticulate anguste clavatis, 27-50 x 4.4-5.5 ^m, apice ro- (Ilia) spores, but since no type had been located, tundatis vel subacutis, tenuiter vel firme tunicatis, it has often been confused with other whitish contentu sparse sulfovanillinae ope caerulescente species, possibly also R. psammophila. What may munitis; hyphis primordialibus incrustatione be a variety or form of R. psammophila has been moderatim crassa munitis, cylindraceis vel sub- collected in Argentina (La Plata, Parque Pereyra, cylindraceis, hyalinis vel flavis, 5-7.5 nm diam., under planted oaks and pines, 30 III 1 966, Singer apice obtusis. Subcute subgelatinosa 55-85 MHI alta, S 700 (BAFC), as Russula exilis Sing, in herb., ined.) ex hyphis hyalinis l-2(-3.5) nm crassis, filamen- and can be distinguished from the type only in tosis efformata. Tegumento stipitis e dermatop- narrower spores, partly bisporous basidia, pres- seudocystidiis eis pilei simillimis, moderatim nu- ence of cystidioles, and many ciliate dermatocys- merosis efformato. tidia. It is most certainly not native to South Ad terrain sub Quercu humboldtii Bonpl. in America but must have been introduced from Humb. & Bonpl. in Querceto montano-tropicali. North America. TYPUS Colombia, Cundinamarca, near Boja- ca, Bosque de la Mercedes, 8 IV 1968, Singer B

Russula semililacea Sing., spec. nov. 6013 (F).

Pileo dilute purpureo, baud nitente (in siccis This species reminds one of/?, lilacea Quel. but inter "cedar wood" et 55 H 1 M&P), et tune centre differs in the presence of macrocystidia in the hy- subpallescente, sed in vegetis centro flavido, mar- menium, epicutis, and stipe surface layer. Unfor- gine brevissime (2 mm) sulcato et obtuso, con- tunately, the FeSO4 reaction of the fresh context vexo, dein applanato centro leniter depresso 62 is not known and we cannot explain the relation mm lato. Lamellis pallide alutaceo-flavis in siccis, of this species to subsect. Xerampelinae. albidis et immutabilibus fractu in vegetis, medi- ocriter latis, confertis, attingentibus. Sporis in massa haud separatis sed supra lamellas siccas Ib I .act a ri us la rid mis Sing., spec. nov. Romagnesii. Stipite albo, nonnihil brunnescente tactu, spongioso-farcto, subruguloso, glabro, su- Pileo vulpino vel vaccino, in siccis "chutney" baequali, 71 x 16-17 mm. Mycelio basali albo, et partim "Hispano" et "cattail" (M&P), neque subtiliter tomentoso. Carne alba, immutabili, in- hygrophano nee viscoso, glabro nee rimosello et odora, miti. sub lente levi et integro, opaco, subnitente tantum Sporis 9.8-12.7 x 7.8-10.8 Mm, plerumque in vegetis humidis, nee striato nee sulcato, con- breviter ellipsoideis, appendice hilari 1.3-2 pm vexo, centro subacute et sat profunde depresso in longa, hyalinis, ornamentatione typi IV, minus maturis, 28 mm lato. Lamellis pallide carneo-cre- frequenter V, VI, projiciente 1-1 .3 nm et ex aculeis meis, mediocriter latis, horizontalibus, subdecur- cylindraceis efformata munitis, amyloideis. Hy- rentibus, intermixtis, nonnullis furcatis vel anas- menio: Basidiis 32-33 x 1 1-13.5 fim, tetrasporis. tomosantibus sed sparse intervenosis. Sporis in Macrocystidiis moderatim numerosis, ventricoso- massa haud separatis sed supra lamellis inter la et ampullaceis vel fusoideis, tenuitunicatis, acutis vel Ib Romagnesii. Stipite pileo concolori, sublevi,

132 FIELDIANA: BOTANY glabro, basin versus leniter obscuriore, apicem Literature Cited versus leniter pallidiore, longitudinaliter canali- culate, basin versus attenuate, 25 x 6 mm, ad DENNIS, R. W. G. 1953. Some West Indian collections referred to Fr. Kew basin 3 mm diam. Mycelio basali sordido, baud Hygrophorus Bulletin, 1953(2): 253-268. abundante, haud strigoso nee hispido. Carne su- HESLER, L. R., AND A. H. SMITH. 1965. North Amer- perficiebus subconcolori sed pallidiore, sat tenui ican Species of Crepidotus. Hafner Publ. Co., New ad marginem, immutabili at lamellis fractis ve- York. latice getis cinnamomeo-brunnescentibus; aquose KORNERUP, A., AND J. H. WANSCHER. 1968. Methuen albo sed haud limpido, immutabili; odore debili, Handbook of Color. Methuen, London. subnullo in vegetis et siccis; sapore miti. MAERZ, A., AND M. R. PAUL. 1930. A Dictionary of Sporis 6.5-7.5 x 5.5-6.5 nm (cum ornamen- Color. McGraw-Hill, New York, 207 pp. A. H. 1947. A Color Notation. 10th ed. tatione), 6-6.5 x 5-5.5 (j.m (sine ornamentatione), MUNSELL, Munsell Color Co., Inc., Baltimore. hyalinis vel subhyalinis (in NH4OH), subglobosis SEGUY, E. 1936. Code universal des coleurs. Paris. vel plerumque breviter ellipsoideis, macula su- SINGER, R. 1948. Diagnoses fungorum novorum Agar- prahilari amyloidea instructis vel destitutis, or- icalium. Sydowia, ser. 2, 2: 26-42. namentatione amylacea typi II, rarius IV-II vel . 1951. The "Agaricales" () in mod- IHb-II, 0.3-0.6 munitis. fim projiciente Hymenio: ern taxonomy. Lilloa, 22: 5-832. Basidiis 23-33 x 7.5-8.5 /*m, tetrasporis. Cysti- 1961. Diagnoses fungorum novorum Agari- x diis 34-35 6 /an, anguste fusoideis, apice su- calium II. Sydowia, ser. 2, 15: 45-83. bacutis, contentu nullo vel subtiliter granuloso im- 1962. The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy. pletis, sat numerosis, tenuitunicatis. Hyphis 2nd ed. J. Cramer, Weinheim, W. Germany. inamyloideis, defibulatis. Tramate hymenophor- 1964. Monographic studies on South Ameri- can Basidiomycetes, ... 2.) The genus Marasmius in ali sphaerocystibus destitute. Tramate pilei South America. Sydowia, ser. 2, 18: 106-358. sphaerocystibus instructis. Hyphis oleiferis nullis. 1973. Diagnoses fungorum novorum Agari- Hyphis laticiferis numerosis sed angustis, 2-5.5 calium III. Sydowia, Beiheft VII: 1-106. Mm diam. Epicute pilei ex hyphis filamentosis 1.5- 1975. The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy. 3.5 diam. tantum efformata. cu- /im Hypodermio 3rd ed. J. Cramer, Vaduz, Liechtenstein, 9 1 2 pp. vix vel non tiformi, pigmento intraparietali ob- 1984. Adaptation of higher fungi to varzea servabili (NH4OH) et incrustationibus nullis. Ep- conditions. Amazoniana, 8: 311-319. icute et hypodermic haud gelatinosis. . 1986. The Agaricales in Modern Taxonomy. 4th Ad acus putrescentes (Larix laricina C. Koch) ed. Koeltz, Koenigstein. inter muscos et Hepaticas, Sphagna. 1988. Agaricales mit volva. Zeitschrift fur My- kologie, 54(1): 4 1-44.

SINGER, R., AND I. ARAUJO. 1 979. Litter decomposition TYPUS USA, Illinois, McHenry County, Mo- and ectomycorrhiza in Amazonian forests. Acta Ama- raine Park, near Volo, 26 VIII 1 984, Singer N 5 152 zonica, 9: 25-41.

(F). SMITH, A. H. 1972. The North American species of Psathyrella. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Gar- den, 24: 1-633. This species should be compared with Lactarius SMITH, A. H., AND L. R. HESLER. 1940. New and un- quietus var. incanus Hesler & Smith and L. sub- usual agarics from the Great Smoky Mountains Na- tional Park. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific lacustris Hesler & Smith, but the first of these Society, 56(2): 302-324. differs in the structure of the epicutis and the hab- STAFLEU, F. A. 1974. Index Herbariorum. 6th ed. Oos- itat while the latter has a gelatinous epicutis. thoek, Scheltema & Holkema Emmalaan, Utrecht.

SINGER: NEW TAXA OF AGARICALES 133