DOCSLIB.ORG

"Whose Servant I Am" : Speakers of the Assemblies of the Province Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Legislative Library '"^^VMfiose SewcmtDS^ U)B7 ^--j(ji,i*^?**6^=^^i ^ ~ LIBRARFo^ TORONTO JAN 2 1994 A CAZON LL "7 ^ .- ; -a. "Whose Servant I Am " Speakers of the Assemblies of the Provinces of Upper Canada, Canada and Ontario, 1792-1992 Clare A. Dale iToronto )ntario Legislative Library [1992 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Dale, Clare A., 1964- "Whose servant I am" : speakers of the assemblies of the provinces of Upper Canada, Canada and Ontario, 1792-1992 Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-7729-9343-2 1. Ontario. Legislative Assembly—Speaker—History. 2. Upper Canada. Legislature. House of Assembly—Speaker—History. 3. Canada. Legislature. Legislative Assembly—Speaker—History. 4. Legislative bodies—Ontario- Presiding officer. I. Ontario. Legislative Library. II. Title. III. Title: Speakers of the assemblies of the provinces of Upper Canada, Canada and Ontario, 1792-1992. JL274.S65D34 1992 328.713*0762 C92-092524-3 Cover: "The First Legislature of Upper Canada," by Frederick S. Challener based on a watercolour sketch by Charles W. Jefferys. (The Ontario Art Collection.) Photo: Thomas Moore Photography Inc. Cette publication existe 6galement en frangais sous le titre : «Dontje suis le serviteur» : les presidents des assemblies des provinces du Haut-Canada, du Canada et de I 'Ontario de 1792 d 1992. Errata, page 330. ® "Whose Servant I Am" Contents Foreword i Introduction iv The House of Assembly of the Province of Upper Canada, 1792-1841 John McDonell (Aberchalder) 1 David William Smith 8 Samuel Street 17 Richard Beasley 27 Alexander McDonell (Collachie) 34 Allan McLean 41 Levius Peters Sherwood 49 John Willson -. 56 Marshall Spring Bidwell 62 Archibald McLean 69 Allan Napier MacNab 77 Henry Ruttan 85 The Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 1841-1867 Austin (Augustin) Cuvillier 91 Allan Napier MacNab (Photograph only) Augustin-Norbert Morin 98 John Sandfield Macdonald 106 Louis-Victor Sicotte 114 Henry Smith, Jr. 120 Joseph-Edouard Turcotte 127 Lewis Wallbridge 131 I 'Whose Servant I Am' The Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, 1867-1992 John Stevenson 136 Richard William Scott 142 James George Currie 151 Rupert Mearse Wells 156 Charles Kirk Clarke 161 Jacob Baxter 167 Thomas Ballantyne 172 William Douglas Balfour 177 Francis Eugene Alfred Evanturel 184 William Andrew Charlton 189 Joseph Wesley St. John 195 Thomas Crawford 199 William Henry Hoyle 204 David Jamieson 208 Nelson Parliament 213 Joseph Elijah Thompson 218 William David Black 222 Thomas Ashmore Kidd 227 Norman Otto Hipel 233 James Howard Clark 237 William James Stewart 242 James de Congalton Hepburn 248 Myrddyn Cooke Davies 253 Alfred Wallace Downer 257 William Murdoch 261 Donald Hugo Morrow 266 Frederick Mcintosh Cass 270 Allan Edward Reuter 276 Russell Daniel Rowe 282 John Edward "Jack" Stokes 288 John Melville Turner 293 Hugh Alden Edighoffer 298 David William Warner 304 Appendices: Speakers of the Legislative Council 309 of the Province of Upper Canada, 1792-1841, and the Province of Canada, 1841-1867 Bibliography 311 Index 332 "Wiose Servant I Am' Foreword This reference work features biographical sketches and portraits of the Speakers of the Assemblies of the Province of Upper Canada (1792-1841), the Province of Canada (1841-1867) and the Province of Ontario (1867- 1992). During the past two hundred years, 52 persons have served in the important post of Speaker, 12 of them during the period of Upper Canada, eight during the period of the united Canada (including Sir Allan Napier MacNab who also had served during the earlier period), and 33 after Confederation in 1867 when the present Province of Ontario was created. The office of the Speaker dates back to 1377, when the first Speaker of the British Parliament was appointed. However, it was several centuries before the Speaker attained the position of independence which the occupant of the office holds today. In the early days, the principal ftmction of the Speaker was to act as the spokesperson of the House of Commons and to communicate its resolutions to the King. In the era of monarchical government, this sometimes proved to be a dangerous responsibility ~ at least nine Speakers are known to have died violently at the hands of their political enemies. By Tudor times in the 16th century, however, the Speaker had become a royal instrument responsible for the management of the Crown's business in the House. He frequently held high office under the Crown in addition to the Speakership. It has been argued that the practice of the British House of Commons and many other parliaments (including the Ontario Legislature), whereby the Speaker leaves the Chair when the House resolves itself into Committee of the Whole, dates back to this period. Then as now, the Commons enjoyed greater freedom of debate when the Speaker was not in the Chair and in a position to manipulate procedure on the Crown's behalf. The independence of the Speaker first emerged as a fundamental principle of the office during the struggle for power between the Commons and the Crown under Charles I. It was Charles' armed entry into the House in 1642, demanding the surrender of five MPs on treason charges, that provoked Speaker William Lenthall's famous defence of his office. Falling to his knees before his King, Lenthall declared his reftisal to give up the Members in these words: "May it please your Majesty, I have neither eyes to see, nor tongue to speak in this place, but as the House is pleased to direct me, \^hose servant I am here, and I humbly beg your Majesty's pardon that I cannot "Whose Servant I Am" give any other answer than this to what Your Majesty is pleased to demand of me." The Members fled and the King was forced to leave empty handed. After this epic occasion, attempts by the Crown to interfere with the appointment and conduct of the Speaker rarely met with success. For example, when, in 1679, Charles II refused to approve the Commons' selection of Sir Edward Seymour as Speaker, he failed to secure the election of his own candidate and was compelled to compromise with the House on a third choice. By the 18th century, the threat to the Speaker's independence no longer came from the Crown, but from party government. The office became a prize to be bestowed on one of its supporters by the government controlling a majority of parliamentary seats. It was often combined with ministerial office. The independence of the Speakership took a giant step forward with the election of Speaker Arthur Onslow to the Chair in 1728. The greatest Speaker of the 18th century, Onslow resigned from the office of Treasurer i of the Navy, which was regarded as a perquisite of the Speakership, when ' he acceded to the Chair. During his 33 years as Speaker he set standards of impartiality and independence which were not achieved again for a century. It was not until 1841, when the Liberal Speaker Charles Shaw-Leffevre was re-elected to the Chair by a House controlled by the Conservatives, that the nonpartisanship of the office was decisively established in the British House of Commons. Representative legislatures were established by the British and took root in their North American colonies during the 18th century, before Westminster had agreed that a nonpartisan Speaker was a settled principle of parliamentary government. As the introduction indicates, the office of the Speaker in the provinces of Upper Canada, Canada and Ontario has been engaged in its own evolution towards independence and nonpartisanship; in fact, changes were made to the office as recently as 1989. This book is one of several publications issued by the Legislative Library to mark the 200th anniversary of the first session of the first Parliament of Upper Canada which took place at Newark (now Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. I would like to express appreciation to Colonel Jean Dor6, Gentleman Usher I of the Black Rod of the Senate of Canada, and to the Honourable John j Fraser, Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada, for permission to "Whose Servant I Am' reproduce copies of pre-Confederation portraits in their possession, and to the National Archives of Canada for making available colour transparencies of these portraits. I also appreciate the co-operation of Fern Bayer, Chief Curator of the Ontario Government Art Collection, for making available colour transparencies of post-Confederation Speakers. I would also like to acknowledge the work of the author, Clare Dale, a former student employee of the Legislative Research Service of the Legislative Library and now a doctoral candidate in history at the University of Toronto, whose dedication and diligent research have made possible this collection of biographies. Her book will be of special interest to historians, politicians, political scientists and others interested in learning more about an important part of our parliamentary heritage. R.B. Land Executive Director Ontario Legislative Library Ul "Whose Servant I Am' Introduction The history of the Speakership in Ontario owes much of its ideological and procedural heritage to its ancient British precursor. The earliest years of the Speakership - those of the Upper Canadian period of 1792-1841 - coincide with the years in which the British Speakership made great strides towards independence and nonpartisanship. However, subtle differences evolved between the election of Speakers in Westminster and in Upper Canada. In the British House of Commons, election to the Speakership was a formality of procedure, with agreement upon the proposed candidate made between the government and the opposition parties prior to the vote in the Commons. In the colony, however, the election of the Speaker sometimes occasioned heated debates and the need to propose several candidates before one attained a simple majority.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • V119-1985To1986-331.Pdf
    I LyJL^JJLK p <4- Ontario JOURNALS OF THE Legislative Assembly OF THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO From 4th of June to 18th of June 1985 Both Days Inclusive and from 2nd of July to 12th of July 1985 Both Days Inclusive and from 15th of October to 20th of December 1985 Both Days Inclusive and from 6th of January to 12th of February 1986 Both Days Inclusive IN THE THIRTY-FOURTH AND THIRTY-FIFTH YEAR OF THE REIGN OF OUR SOVEREIGN LADY QUEEN ELIZABETH II BEING THE First Session of the Thirty-Third Parliament of Ontario SESSION 1985-86 VOL. CXIX INDEX Journals of the Legislative Assembly, Ontario 34-35 ELIZABETH II, 1985-86 1st Session Thirty-Third Parliament DJOURNMENT DEBATES: July 9 (two matters), July 11, November 5 (two matters), December 5 (two matters), December 10 (two matters), December 12 (two matters), Decem- ber 19, January 7, 21 , 23, 28. Aexander, Honourable Lincoln: Appointment as Lieutenant Governor remarks on, (Oct. 15), 71. gOARD OF INTERNAL ECONOMY: Order-in-Council re membership of, (June 7, July 5, Oct. 28, Dec. 9), 26. 46. 92, 144. Budget Debate: 1. Motion for approval, (Oct. 24), 87. Carried, (Feb. 12), 232. Amendment moved, (Oct. 25), 90. Lost, (Feb. 12), 231. 2. Dates debated October 24, 25, 28, 29, 31, November 1 , 4, February 12. By-Election: Warrant for issued, (Oct. 15), 71. fiiil iv index 1985-86 1 ABINET OFFICE ESTIMATES: Cabinet Office Programme. Deemed reported and concurred in (Feb. 12), 221. Francophone Affairs Programme see Francophone Affairs. Commission on Redistribution: Debate on the motion for Consideration of Objections to the Report of (July 5, Oct.
    [Show full text]
  • Dedicated to My Many Good Friends Hereabouts History of the County of Brant History
    DEDICATED TO MY MANY GOOD FRIENDS HEREABOUTS HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF BRANT HISTORY OF THE COUNTY OF BRANT BY F. DOUGLAS REVILLE ILLUSTRATED WITH FIFTY HALF-TONES TAKEN FROM MINIATURES AND PHOTOGRAPHS PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE BRANT HISTORICAL SOCIETY BRANTFORD THE HURLEY PRINTING COMPANY, LIMITED 1920 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PACK INDIAN HISTORY I. The Attiwandaron, or "Neutral" Indians, who are first mention- ed as occupying the region now known as Brant County— Chief village located where Brantford now stands—Habits and Customs of the Tribe 15 II. Brant, the Indian Chief, after whom City and County are named —Splendid services rendered by him and Six Nations Indians to British cause—Visit to Mohawk Village, formerly situated near Mohawk Church —Haldimand Deed giving Six Nations six miles of land on each side of the Grand River 21 III. The Brant Monument and Unveiling Ceremonies—Mohawk Church, the Oldest Protestant Edifice in Upper Canada- Brant's Tomb 53 BRANTFORD HISTORY IV. Early Beginnings of Brantford —Some of First Settlers —Surren- der of Town Site by Six Nations Indians —Burwell's Map and Original Purchasers of Lots 69 COPYRIGHT, CANADA, 1920, BY F. DOUGLAS REVILLE. V. Coming of the Whites—Turbulent Times when Place was a Frontier Village —Oldest Native Born Brantfordite Tells of Conditions in 1845—Incorporation as Town and First Assess- ment Roll 97 VI. Brantford in 1850 —Dr. Kelly's Reminiscences of 1855 —Brantford in 1870 —Incorporation as City, Mayors and Aldermen — The Market Square —Market Fees —'Brant's Ford and Bridges 118 VII. The Press—Medical Profession—Bench and Bar 140 VIII.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizens Guide to Alberta Legislature
    Where did builders find the marble for the Legislature Building? How is an American state Legislature different from our provincial Legislature? What happens during a typical legislative session? The answers to these and many other questions are in this helpful booklet. Its chapters cover a remarkable variety of Legislature-related topics. The booklet also contains review questions to help you remember TO THE ALBERTA LEGISLATURE ALBERTA THE TO TO THE ALBERTA LEGISLATURE ALBERTA THE TO the information. THE CITIZEN’S GUIDE CITIZEN’S THE THE CITIZEN’S GUIDE CITIZEN’S THE SEVENTH EDITION © 2010 Table of Contents 1 Part 1: The Foundation 3 The Parliamentary System in Alberta 6 A Constitutional Monarchy 11 The Levels of Government 15 Two Styles of Governing: Provincial and State Legislatures 19 Part 2: Representing the People 21 The Provincial General Election 24 You and Your MLA 32 Executive Council 35 Part 3: Rules and Traditions 37 Symbols and Ceremonies: The Mace and the Black Rod 40 The Speaker 43 Parliamentary Procedure 47 Part 4: Getting the Business Done 49 How the Assembly Works 53 Taking Part 56 Making Alberta’s Laws 59 Putting Your Tax Dollars to Work 62 The Legislative Assembly Office 65 It’s All in Hansard 67 Part 5: The Building and its Symbols 69 The Legislature Building 72 The Emblems of Alberta 75 The Legislative Assembly Brand 77 Glossary 85 Index 103 Study Questions 105 Study Questions 117 Answer Key The contents of this publication reflect the practices and procedures of the Legislative Assembly as of May 11, 2010. Readers are advised to check with the Legislative Assembly Office to ensure that the information as it relates to parliamentary practice within the Legislative Assembly is up to date.
    [Show full text]
  • Ontario: the Centre of Confederation?
    University of Calgary PRISM: University of Calgary's Digital Repository University of Calgary Press University of Calgary Press Open Access Books 2018-10 Reconsidering Confederation: Canada's Founding Debates, 1864-1999 University of Calgary Press Heidt, D. (Ed.). (2018). "Reconsidering Confederation: Canada's Founding Debates, 1864-1999". Calgary, AB: University of Calgary Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1880/108896 book https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International Downloaded from PRISM: https://prism.ucalgary.ca RECONSIDERING CONFEDERATION: Canada’s Founding Debates, 1864–1999 Edited by Daniel Heidt ISBN 978-1-77385-016-0 THIS BOOK IS AN OPEN ACCESS E-BOOK. It is an electronic version of a book that can be purchased in physical form through any bookseller or on-line retailer, or from our distributors. Please support this open access publication by requesting that your university purchase a print copy of this book, or by purchasing a copy yourself. If you have any questions, please contact us at [email protected] Cover Art: The artwork on the cover of this book is not open access and falls under traditional copyright provisions; it cannot be reproduced in any way without written permission of the artists and their agents. The cover can be displayed as a complete cover image for the purposes of publicizing this work, but the artwork cannot be extracted from the context of the cover of this specific work without breaching the artist’s copyright. COPYRIGHT NOTICE: This open-access work is published under a Creative Commons licence.
    [Show full text]
  • Content Description
    Content Description Archives of Ontario. Collection: 1780-1900 MIC-Loyalist FC LSC .O5A7C6 1. Charles Bacon Collection, 1785-1889. This Collection, assembled by Charles Bacon of Cornwall, contains correspondence, commissions, depositions, abstracts and account books relating to eastern Ontario families and, in particular, those of Glengarry County. Included are the legal papers of Archibald McLean, Clerk of the Peace for the Eastern District, and of James Pringle, his agent. Among these papers is an important letter from Archibald McLean to James Pringle, in which McLean comments extensively on the political situation in March 1836, focusing on the actions of the reformers. The personal correspondence of Richard Rider, a blacksmith at the Kingston naval dock yard, includes correspondence from Rider’s father in England in which he reports on the economic situation in Britain in the post-Napoleonic War period, and on the Peterloo Massacre of 1819. Finally, the miscellaneous papers relate to the activities of Williamstown families, and include a letter from D. McLennan in which he discusses such diverse topics as the Fenian preparations in New York, the post civil war ennui in the United States, and his efforts to secure publicity for the Glengarry Highland Games. 2. Solomon Cole Collection, 1787-1829, 1936. The Collection consists of the accounting day book of Solomon Cole, Sr., 1787-1827, who was a general carpenter and furniture maker. The volume indicates his residence as Londonderry, Vermont. The Cole family appear to have moved to the lower Ottawa River area of Québec, possibly near Point Fortune. Also included is a news clipping mentioning the restoration of Bellevue House at Carillon, Québec, 1936.
    [Show full text]
  • The Informer
    Bill 65 passed on May 10, 2000 during the 37th Session, founded the Ontario Association of Former Parliamentarians. It was the first Bill in Ontario history to be introduced by a Legislative Committee. ONTARIO ASSOCIATION OF FORMER PARLIMENTARIANS SUMMER 2017 Bill 65 passed on May 10, 2000 during the 37th Session, founded the Ontario Association of Former Parliamentarians. It was the first Bill in Ontario history to be introduced by a Legislative Committee. SUMMER 2017 Table Of Contents Interview: Leona Dombrowsky Page 3 Interview: Steve Mahoney Page 5 Obituary: Gerry Martiniuk Page 8 AGM Recap Page 10 Hugh O’Neil Frienship Garden Page 11 Interview: Bill Murdoch Page 13 Interview: Phil Gillies Page 16 Interview: Sharon Murdock Page 19 Interview: Rolando P. Vera Rodas Page 21 Ceremonial Flag Raising Area Page 23 Margaret Campbell Page 24 Tributes Page 26 Contact Us Page 27 2 Bill 65 passed on May 10, 2000 during the 37th Session, founded the Ontario Association of Former Parliamentarians. It was the first Bill in Ontario history to be introduced by a Legislative Committee. Interview: Leona Dombrowsky M. P. P. Liberal, Cabinet Minister Hastings-Frontenac-Lennox and Addington 1999-2007 Prince Edward-Hastings 2007-2011 “It is critical to have an understanding that everything we do has an impact, either positive or negative on the environment.” Leona Dombrowsky’s interest in politics started with dinner table talk when she was young. While her parents were not involved in partisan politics, they were always interested in the issues of the day and hence Leona, growing up in the French Settlement north of Tweed, developed an interest in politics.
    [Show full text]
  • New York Genealogical and Biographical Record, Vol 21
    K<^' ^ V*^'\^^^ '\'*'^^*/ \'^^-\^^^'^ V' ar* ^ ^^» "w^^^O^o a • <L^ (r> ***^^^>^^* '^ "h. ' ^./ ^^0^ Digitized by the internet Archive > ,/- in 2008 with funding from ' A^' ^^ *: '^^'& : The Library of Congress r^ .-?,'^ httpy/www.archive.org/details/pewyorkgepealog21 newy THE NEW YORK Genealogical\nd Biographical Record. DEVOTED TO THE INTERESTS OF AMERICAN GENEALOGY AND BIOGRAPHY. ISSUED QUARTERLY. VOLUME XXL, 1890. 868; PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY, Berkeley Lyceuim, No. 23 West 44TH Street, NEW YORK CITY. 4125 PUBLICATION COMMITTEE: Rev. BEVERLEY R. BETTS, Chairman. Dr. SAMUEL S. PURPLE.. Gen. JAS. GRANT WILSON. Mr. THOS. G. EVANS. Mr. EDWARD F. DE LANCEY. Mr. WILLL\M P. ROBINSON. Press of J. J. Little & Co., Astor Place, New York. INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Albany and New York Records, 170. Baird, Charles W., Sketch of, 147. Bidwell, Marshal] S., Memoir of, i. Brookhaven Epitaphs, 63. Cleveland, Edmund J. Captain Alexander Forbes and his Descendants, 159. Crispell Family, 83. De Lancey, Edward F. Memoir of Marshall S. Bidwell, i. De Witt Family, 185. Dyckman Burial Ground, 81. Edsall, Thomas H. Inscriptions from the Dyckman Burial Ground, 81. Evans, Thomas G. The Crispell Family, 83. The De Witt Family, 185. Fernow, Berlhold. Albany and New York Records, 170 Fishkill and its Ancient Church, 52. Forbes, Alexander, 159. Heermans Family, 58. Herbert and Morgan Records, 40. Hoes, R. R. The Negro Plot of 1712, 162. Hopkins, Woolsey R Two Old New York Houses, 168. Inscriptions from Morgan Manor, N. J. , 112. John Hart, the Signer, 36. John Patterson, by William Henry Lee, 99. Jones, William Alfred. The East in New York, 43. Kelby, William.
    [Show full text]
  • 200 Anniversary of the Ontario Legislative Library P. 28 200
    Canadian eview V olume 39, No. 3 th 200 Anniversary of the Ontario Legislative Library p. 28 2 CANADIAN PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW/FALL 2016 Manitoba’s original Mace was carved out of the hub of a Red River cart wheel by a soldier with the Wolseley Expedition Force (sent out to deal with the Riel Rebellion in 1869). This Mace was used for a period of 13 years between March 15, 1871 and March 12, 1884. In December 1873, when a fire destroyed the first home of the Legislature, the Mace was the only object to survive the flames. It remains on display in the Speaker’s office to this day. Manitoba’s current gold-plated Mace debuted in 1884. Standing five feet tall and weighing 28 pounds, it repeats themes found on the original Mace. The head of the current Mace displays four emblems: the Rose, the Thistle, the Harp, and the Fleur-de-lis. These same emblems are found engraved on the staff of the Mace, with the exception of an Irish Shamrock replacing the Harp. On the top, a crown symbolizes the Monarch, while four beavers represent the province’s place as part of Canada. Finally, an orb and a cross represent the spiritual and religious aspects of Manitoba life. This Mace was made to celebrate the opening of the second Legislative building. The initials V.R., representing the reigning Monarch Queen Victoria, are engraved on its head. The Table Officers have a tradition of rubbing various symbols on the Mace with their robe sleeves while waiting for the Speaker’s Parade to start, in order to summon good luck for the sitting day.
    [Show full text]
  • The Canadian Parliamentary Guide
    NUNC COGNOSCO EX PARTE THOMAS J. BATA LI BRARY TRENT UNIVERSITY us*<•-« m*.•• ■Jt ,.v<4■■ L V ?' V t - ji: '^gj r ", •W* ~ %- A V- v v; _ •S I- - j*. v \jrfK'V' V ■' * ' ’ ' • ’ ,;i- % »v • > ». --■ : * *S~ ' iJM ' ' ~ : .*H V V* ,-l *» %■? BE ! Ji®». ' »- ■ •:?■, M •* ^ a* r • * «'•# ^ fc -: fs , I v ., V', ■ s> f ** - l' %% .- . **» f-•" . ^ t « , -v ' *$W ...*>v■; « '.3* , c - ■ : \, , ?>?>*)■#! ^ - ••• . ". y(.J, ■- : V.r 4i .» ^ -A*.5- m “ * a vv> w* W,3^. | -**■ , • * * v v'*- ■ ■ !\ . •* 4fr > ,S<P As 5 - _A 4M ,' € - ! „■:' V, ' ' ?**■- i.." ft 1 • X- \ A M .-V O' A ■v ; ■ P \k trf* > i iwr ^.. i - "M - . v •?*»-• -£-. , v 4’ >j- . *•. , V j,r i 'V - • v *? ■ •.,, ;<0 / ^ . ■'■ ■ ,;• v ,< */ ■" /1 ■* * *-+ ijf . ^--v- % 'v-a <&, A * , % -*£, - ^-S*.' J >* •> *' m' . -S' ?v * ... ‘ *•*. * V .■1 *-.«,»'• ■ 1**4. * r- * r J-' ; • * “ »- *' ;> • * arr ■ v * v- > A '* f ' & w, HSi.-V‘ - .'">4-., '4 -' */ ' -',4 - %;. '* JS- •-*. - -4, r ; •'ii - ■.> ¥?<* K V' V ;' v ••: # * r * \'. V-*, >. • s s •*•’ . “ i"*■% * % «. V-- v '*7. : '""•' V v *rs -*• * * 3«f ' <1k% ’fc. s' ^ * ' .W? ,>• ■ V- £ •- .' . $r. « • ,/ ••<*' . ; > -., r;- •■ •',S B. ' F *. ^ , »» v> ' ' •' ' a *' >, f'- \ r ■* * is #* ■ .. n 'K ^ XV 3TVX’ ■■i ■% t'' ■ T-. / .a- ■ '£■ a« .v * tB• f ; a' a :-w;' 1 M! : J • V ^ ’ •' ■ S ii 4 » 4^4•M v vnU :^3£'" ^ v .’'A It/-''-- V. - ;ii. : . - 4 '. ■ ti *%?'% fc ' i * ■ , fc ' THE CANADIAN PARLIAMENTARY GUIDE AND WORK OF GENERAL REFERENCE I9OI FOR CANADA, THE PROVINCES, AND NORTHWEST TERRITORIES (Published with the Patronage of The Parliament of Canada) Containing Election Returns, Eists and Sketches of Members, Cabinets of the U.K., U.S., and Canada, Governments and Eegisla- TURES OF ALL THE PROVINCES, Census Returns, Etc.
    [Show full text]
  • “Lifting As We Climb”: the Emergence of an African-Canadian Civil Society in Southern Ontario (1840-1901) by Lorene Bridgen
    “Lifting As We Climb”: The Emergence of an African-Canadian Civil Society in Southern Ontario (1840-1901) by Lorene Bridgen A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2016 © Lorene Bridgen 2016 Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation examines Black civil society organizations that brought the African- Canadian community closer to their rights as citizens of Canada West from 1840-1901. Past scholars have applied the concept of civil society to White organizations, but the following considers civil society organizations in the context of African-Canadian life. Through a broader discussion of multiple Black cultural organizations, including literary societies, fraternal orders, religious societies, and etiquette groups, “Lifting As We Climb” highlights the community’s training of future activists and the application of the lessons learned within the walls of these groups to “mainstream” society. During the nineteenth century African Canadians experienced the harsh realities that accompanied their newfound freedom in Canada West, particularly from racist Whites. In response, the Black community utilized African-Canadian cultural organizations to create change. “Lifting As We Climb” argues that, while African-Canadian citizens came together through organizational work, for the common and overarching reason of equality, their fight against injustice resulted in the emergence of a Black civil society.
    [Show full text]
  • Francis Collins First Catholic Journalist in Upper Canada
    CCHA Report, 6(1938-39), 51-66 Francis Collins First Catholic Journalist in Upper Canada BY THE REV. BROTHER ALFRED, F.S.C., LL.D. Francis Collins, the first Catholic Journalist in, Upper Canada,1 friend of liberty and free institutions, advocate of responsible government, founder, proprietor and editor of the “Canadian Freeman,” was born at Newry,2 County Down, Ireland, in 1801. He was endowed by nature with a keen mind and he enjoyed the benefits of a fair education in the Irish schools of the day. On the close of the Napoleonic wars, British sailing vessels were released for trans-Atlantic service, with the result that an ever-rising tide of Irish emigration set in. Following its current, which had already carried many of his oppressed countrymen to larger opportunities and brighter prospects in the new world, Francis Collins sailed for America in 1818. Destiny led him to Upper Canada to the town of York,3 whose foundations had been laid by Lt. Gov. John Graves Simcoe a quarter of a century before, in the year 1796. Already men of Irish blood were making their presence felt on the banks of the Don. After the failure in Ireland of the rebellion of 1798 and the dispersion of the “ United Irishmen,” many members of that organization and their sympathizers fled to America. Not a few found their way to Upper Canada, where, in York, they immediately set up an active agitation for the reform of the government of the province of Upper Canada. They were the real founders of the Reform Party.
    [Show full text]
  • T H E C Itizen's Gu Id E
    The Citizen’s Guide to the Alberta Legislature Ninth Edition Where did builders find the marble for the Legislature Building? How is an American state Legislature different from our provincial Legislature? What happens during a typical legislative session? This booklet is designed to address these and many to theto Alberta Legislature other questions related to the history, traditions and procedures of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta. The booklet also contains review questions and answers as well as a glossary of parliamentary terminology. THE CITIZEN’S GUIDE NINTH EDITION © 2016 Table of Contents 1. The Foundation 1 The Parliamentary System in Alberta 2 A Constitutional Monarchy 6 The Levels of Government 10 Two Styles of Governing: Provincial and State Legislatures 14 2. Representing the People 17 The Provincial General Election 18 You and Your MLA 22 Executive Council 29 3. Rules and Traditions 31 Symbols and Ceremonies: The Mace and the Black Rod 32 The Speaker 36 Parliamentary Procedure 39 4. Getting the Business Done 41 How the Assembly Works 42 Taking Part 46 Making Alberta’s Laws 50 Putting Your Tax Dollars to Work 54 The Legislative Assembly Office 57 It’s All in Hansard 60 5. The Building and Its Symbols 63 The Legislature Building 64 The Emblems of Alberta 68 The Legislative Assembly Brand 71 Glossary 73 Index 81 Study Questions 93 Study Questions 94 Answer Key 104 Selected Bibliography 109 The contents of this publication reflect the practices and procedures of the Legislative Assembly as of January 1, 2016. Readers are advised to check with the Legislative Assembly Office to ensure that the information as it relates to parliamentary practice within the Legislative Assembly is up to date.
    [Show full text]