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Washington REPORT News and Analysis from Washington, D.C U.S. Asia Pacific Council Washington REPORT News and analysis from Washington, D.C. about key issues in U.S.-Asia Pacific Relations Volume 3 May 2008 Finding Mutual ‘Ballast’ In U.S.-Japan Relations Dr. Michael J. Green During the past 60 years, the United States and Japan My mission is to talk about the U.S.-Japan bilateral have developed a strong relationship based on common values relationship. The title of the session is “Emerging Problems such as basic human rights, democracy, and the rule of law in U.S. Bilateral Relations,” so I’ll get to the problems, and in the global community. The two economies have become there are significant ones. But I want to start with the good increasingly intertwined, and the security alliance has come news. to serve as the “cornerstone of security and peace in the Asia Good News—And there is some very good news about Pacific,” according to official statements. the U.S.-Japan alliance and our bilateral relationships in This is not to suggest, however, that U.S.-Japan rela- Asia, particularly in Northeast Asia. Today polls show that tions have never been tested by occasional discord. During the United States enjoys more respect and popularity in much of the 1980s and 1990s, for example, trade and eco- Japan, Korea, and China than when President Bush first nomic disputes often strained relations. Bilateral relations entered office. This contrasts with the situation in Europe, currently are fairly good, says Dr. Michael J. Green of CSIS where there has been a significant erosion of respect for the and Georgetown University—but once again may be chal- United States. lenged by both domestic and regional developments. Admittedly, U.S. approval ratings have bumped up and Dr. Green delivered these remarks at the 5th Annual down in Asia, particularly in China and Korea, but this East-West Center/U.S. Asia Pacific Council Washington year polls indicate pretty good respect for the United States Conference on April 11, 2008. continued on page two Economic, Political, Strategic Inside This Issue Shifts Affect U.S.-Asia Relations 2 Official Washington Key National Security Council U.S. relations with the nations of Annual East-West Center/U.S. Asia Personnel the Asia Pacific in the coming years Pacific Council Washington Confer- 3 Congressional Watch will be buffeted by challenges and U.S. Ambassador for ASEAN ence on April 11. Medal for Aung San Suu Kyi buoyed by new opportunities created Asia’s Role in the World— Other Burma Initiatives by Asia’s emergence as an important Trade Promotion Authority Vote Deputy Secretary Negroponte, who North Korea Human Rights and center of economic activity and delivered the keynote address, Waiver of Nuclear Sanctions strategic importance, according to described the Asia Pacific region as CRS Report on China’s ‘Soft’ Power leading experts on U.S.-Asia rela- “thriving [with] dynamic, market- 7 Regulatory Update tions. National Trade Estimate Report based economies and flourishing Telecommunications Trade Report Some 19 speakers, which includ- democratic systems,” with the excep- ”Special 301” Report ed Deputy Secretary of State John tion of Burma. He detailed the Bush 8 Asia Pacific Dialogue Negroponte and Assistant Secretary administration’s efforts during the PECC Regional Architecture Project of Defense James Shinn, provided past seven years to reinvigorate U.S. Official Meetings, May-June 2008 new insights into key issues affecting military alliances with “like-minded transpacific relations at the 5th Asian partners,” such as Japan, continued on page five published by the East-West Center U.S. Asia Pacific Council 1819 L Street, N.W., Suite 200, Washington, D.C. 20036 Ph: 202.293.3995; Fax: 202.293.1402; www.eastwestcenter.org/ continued from page one Official Washington Green Remarks In each issue, Washington Report will provide the and recognition of the importance of the United States, names and contact information for selected executive branch particularly in Northeast Asia. U.S. ratings are more officials with jurisdiction over economic, political, and secu- mixed in Southeast Asia because of the significant rity issues important to U.S.-Asia Pacific relations. This Muslim populations there who do not support the U.S. issue will focus on pertinent personnel from the National policy in Iraq. Security Council (NSC). Structural Factors—In particular, U.S. relations are very good with Japan. I would note in a self-serving way Mailing Address: that the Bush administration has managed to simultane- (1) The White House (WH) ously improve relations with both Japan and China. 1600 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W. In terms of the U.S.-Japan alliance, there are some Washington, D.C. 20500 important structural developments that are pulling us (2) Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) closer together. These include (1) the rise of China, (2) 1650 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W. North Korea’s nuclear development, and(3) the emer- Washington, D.C. 20506 gence of transnational threats that we all recognize, rang- ing from terrorism to pandemic flu, to natural disasters Stephen J. Hadley—Assistant to the President for and climate change. The external structural factors make National Security Affairs—WH, 1 West Wing (WW), it very obvious to American and Japanese leaders that we 202.456.9491. really need to work more closely together. James F. Jeffrey—Assistant to the President and Bipartisanship—Probably because of this, there also Deputy National Security Advisor—WH, 1 WW, is more bipartisanship around the U.S-Japan relationship 202.456.9481 in both countries than there has ever been before. The two Democratic candidates and [the Republican presiden- East Asian Affairs: tial candidate] Senator [John] McCain [R., Arizona] have Dennis C. Wilder—Special Assistant to the President all said that Japan is important. No U.S. presidential can- and Senior Director for East Asian Affairs—392 didate is running against Japan. EEOB, 202.456.9251 And in Japan, while Mr. [Ichiro] Ozawa, who is head Kurt W. Tong—Director for Asian Economic Affairs— of the opposition [Democratic Party of Japan], has from 392 EEOB, 202.456.9251 time to time played games with issues like counterterror- Paul T. Haenle—Director for China, Taiwan, and ism legislation, the [DPJ] is pro-alliance. This also con- Mongolia—392 EEOB, 202.456.9251 trasts with the position taken by Japanese opposition par- Katrin A. Fraser—Director for Japan and Korea—392 ties in the past. EEOB, 202.456.9251 Trust and Common Values—Finally, polls show pret- Elizabeth M. Phu—Director for Southeast Asia—392 ty clearly that the glue of the alliance, the “soft factors”— EEOB, 202.456.9251 a term that refers to a sense of common values or norms—also has become quite strong. Various polls indi- South and Central Asian Affairs: cate, for example, that the American public views Japan Elizabeth I. Millard—Special Assistant to the as an ally we can trust. President and Senior Director for South and Central The numbers are nearly comparable to those for the Asian Affairs—392 EEOB, 202.456.9241 UK or Australia, which is really remarkable when you Patricia A. Mahoney—Director for South Asian recall that in 1988, polls showed more Americans feared Affairs—392 EEOB, 202.456.9241 Japan than the former Soviet Union. On the Japanese side as well, there are pretty healthy numbers indicating trust International Economics: for the United States. Daniel M. Price—Deputy Assistant to the President Weak Governments—Having inoculated you, now and Deputy National Security Advisor for the bad news about problems that we need to look at International Economic Affairs—WH, G-WW, over the coming year or two. The first problem is that 202.456.9471 both Washington and Tokyo currently have weak govern- Rozell D. (Rod) Hunter—Senior Director for ments. President Bush’s approval ratings are slightly International Trade, Energy, and the Environment— higher than [Japanese] Prime Minister Fukuda’s at rough- 374 EEOB, 202.456.9281 ly 30 percent. Depending on the poll, Fukuda’s ratings have dipped into the mid-20s. continued on page four 2 May 2008 Congressional Watch Legislative Activity: ing a trade accord to Congress, the House and Senate U.S. Ambassador for ASEAN Affairs—On then have 90 days to vote on it, either approving or April 29, the Senate confirmed Scot Marciel to serve as rejecting the agreement in its entirety. The House action U.S. Ambassador for ASEAN Affairs. This is a new basically stopped the clock by altering the 90-day statuto- position, created by the Bush administration at the urg- ry timeline for congressional action on trade deals. ing of key U.S. lawmakers to help maintain and broad- Importantly, the lower chamber’s decision to derail en U.S. relations with the 10-member Association of the Colombia FTA will affect pending U.S.-Asia trade Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) as an institution. deals. Insiders say it now is highly unlikely that (Washington will continue to have ambassadors serv- Congress will consider implementing legislation for the ing in the individual ASEAN member country capitals.) U.S.-Korea FTA in 2008. Senator Richard Lugar (R., Indiana), who championed North Korea—On May 15, the House unani- non-binding legislation calling for the creation of a U.S. mously passed two bills related to North Korea. The ambassador to ASEAN, said the Senate’s action “estab- “North Korean Human Rights Reauthorization Act of lishes the precedent of the United States being the first 2008” calls for the creation of a full-time envoy to “prop- country to appoint an ambassador to [ASEAN].” erly promote and coordinate” human rights and refugee Medal Awarded to Burma’s Suu Kyi—On May issues.
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