Felicia Heterophylla

Flower Seed Testing Committee

Chair: Rita Zecchinelli Vice-Chair: Sharon Davidson Contents

1. Committee Report 2012/2013

2. Committee Working Program 2013-2016

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

FSC COMPOSITION 2010-13

Chair Rita Zecchinelli Italy Vice-Chair Sharon K. Davidson USA Member 1 Aleta Meyr * USA Member 2 Anton Grim The Netherlands Member 3 Frikkie A. Marais South Africa Member 4 Kumiko Jinno Japan Member 5 Meriam Dekalo Keren Israel Member 6 Dusica Jovicic* Serbia Member 7 Sylvie Ducournau France Separate Customs Territory of Member 8 Wen-shi Wu* Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu Member 9 Zita Ripka Hungary

* Membership 2013-16 not confirmed 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Working group ISTA Flower Seed Testing Handbook

Chair: Zita Ripka Anton Grim Frikkie Marais Meriam Dekalo Sharon Davidson Sylvie Ducournau Wen-shi Wu

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

PREPARATION OF WORKSHEETS

1. Questionnaire circulated within FSC for the genus/species 2. Evaluation of answers 3. Draft work sheet 4. Circulation within FSC –corrections 5. Final version circulation within ISTA committees (PUR, GER,TEZ) 6. Final editing of work sheet - Jonathan Taylor ISTA

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

ISTA Handbook on Flower Seed Testing

• 2008 issue of 1st Edition (24) • 2010 Supplement issued with work sheets 2008-2009 (+7) • 2010-2013 New work sheets prepared (31 finalized)

2 NEW WORK SHEETS WILL BE SOON DISTRIBUTED

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

WORK SHEETS BY GENUS (16 finalized in 2010) • Abutilon x hybridum • Alcea rosea • Hesperis matronalis • Althaea spp.(2) • Iberis spp. (4) • Alyssum spp. (2) • Lavatera trimestris • Arabis spp.(5) • Lobularia maritima • Aubrieta deltoidea • Lunaria annua • Aurinia saxatilis • Malope trifida • Limonium spp. (4) • Campanula spp. (10) • Erysimum spp. (2) Total 38 species 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

WORK SHEETS BY GENUS (9 finalized in 2011)

Lobelia spp. (2) Chrysanthemum indicum Amaranthus spp. (3) Glebionis spp. (3) Aquilegia spp. (5) Leucanthemum spp. (2) Convolvulus tricolor Tanacetum spp. (3) Ipomoea spp. (2) Papaver spp. (5)

Total 22 species

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

WORK SHEETS BY GENUS (6 finalized in 2012) Achillea spp. (4) Lathyrus spp. (2) Adonis vernalis Lupinus spp. (4) Ranunculus asiaticus Mimosa pudica Anemone spp. (3) Linum spp. (4) Clarkia spp. (3) Cleome hassleriana Oenothera macrocarpa Problems: No images of seedlings Total 17 species (Some seed images are

missing)

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

ISTA Handbook on Flower

Seed Testing 19%

45% 10%

7% 5% 8% 2008 2010 2011 2012 started herbs rest

Total: 353 species listed in Table 2A Part3 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

WORK SHEETS: COOPERATION

• ISTA Germination Committee • ISTA Tetrazolium Committee • ISTA Purity Committee • in seed-borne diseases Prof. Wen-Shi Wu • Jonathan Taylor in editing from the ISTA Secretariat

MANY THANKS TO PROF. WEN-SHI WU and all best wishes to his retired years

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Incidence of the root system on the evaluation of seedling development of Salvia spp.

Sylvie Ducournau, Valérie Blouin (GEVES-SNES, FR)

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

The experiment

• Objective - Evaluate the incidence of the absence of the primary root on the seedling development of Salvia spp., and depending on the results to propose a change of the seedling group for the evaluation of this species. • Material and methods - 7 samples of Salvia spp. - Germination on top of paper, at a constant temperature of 20°C with counts after 7 and 14 days - Normal seedlings and abnormal seedlings with defective primary root and various number of secondary roots are selected and transplanted in organic growing media for 60 more days - Measurements and evaluation of plants • Global development • Plant height

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Development of the plants depending on the seedling root system 20

5 Plant Plant height (cm)

0 Normal No 1 2 3 >3 seedling secondary secondary secondary secondary secondary root root roots roots roots

Except for seedlings with no secondary root or with only one secondary root having no statistical data, the shoot height of normal seedling is not significantly different from the shoot height of seedlings with defective primary root with at least 2 secondary roots. 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli Development of the plants depending on the seedling root system

Seedling #3 with defective primary root and 2 secondary roots Plants from seedling #3 (left) and from normal seedling (right) after 60 days

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Conclusion

• Even if seedlings have defective primary root system, and therefore abnormal according to the current classification, they develop into plants that are comparable to those developed from normal seedlings, after transplanting. • This support a proposal for changing the ISTA Seedling Evaluation Group of Salvia spp. from A-2-1-1-1 (primary root required without consideration of secondary roots) to the Group A-2-1-1-2 (primary root not required if the secondary roots are sufficient).

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013 Project: seedling evaluation of flower species of Lupinus

Type F - Seedling Group A-2-1-2-2: secondary roots soon produced? Lupinus albus (vegetable) Lupinus polyphyllus (flower)

NO any secondary roots produced (or only a few and very late) YES secondary roots produced

L. polyphyllus

vs L. albus 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Evaluation of the role of the primary root in the flower species of Lupinus

Lupinus angustifolius Before cutting After cutting

Lupinus polyphyllus

Removal of the radicle tip Working group Anton Grim Frikkie Marais Rita Zecchinelli 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Evaluation of the role of the primary root in the flower species of Lupinus Lupinus hartwegii

Before cutting After cutting

Preliminary observation Ornamental Lupinus does not seem to form any/significant numbers of secondary roots in method BP during the incubation period. It confirms the previous observations (substrates: S/ TP). Some secondary roots did form when the primary root was damaged. 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Experiment on a revised method for the germination test of Alcea rosea.

Test organizer: Valérie Blouin, GEVES-SNES (FR)

Objective: add sand as an additional substrate to the ISTA germination methods for Alcea rosea.

Observations have shown that germination in sand provides better results than germination in paper substrate. The root system is easier to evaluate for the assessment of normal and abnormal seedlings. Participants: Status: Valérie Blouin (France) Anton Grim (The Netherlands) The tests have been concluded. Frikkie Marais (South Africa) The results are under evaluation Meriam Dekalo Keren (Israel) Sharon Davidson (USA) Zita Ripka (Hungary) 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Revision of Table 2A part 3 Flower, spice, herb and medicinal species

Species Country Varieties Samples

1 Abutilon x hybridum A 1 3 2 Achillea filipendulina A 1 3 B 3 3 Ageratum houstonianum A 2 5 B 5 C 2 4 Alcea rosea A 4 7 5 Amaranthus caudatus B 2 6 Amaranthus tricolor A 4 10 7 Amberboa moschata B 4 8 Ammobium alatum B 2 9 Antirrhinum majus A 9 10 B 4 10 Armeria maritima A 2 5 11 Aubrieta deltoidea C 3 12 Aurinia saxatilis C 7

13 Begonia Semperflorens-Cultorum Group A 3 10

B 5 14 Bellis perennis A 4 10 B 2 15 Brachyscome iberidifolia A 2 5 16 Briza maxima A 1 3 B 2 17 Browallia viscosa A 2 3 18 Brunnera macrophylla A 2 10 19 Calendula officinalis A 10 10 B 4 20 Callistephus chinensis A 7 10 B 6 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 1. Committee Report 2010-2013

Revision of Table 2A part 3 Flower, spice, herb and medicinal species

Data already available:

- 3 countries - 136 species - 1065 samples

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 2. Committee Working Programme 2013-2016

ISTA Handbook on Flower Seed Testing: future plans FLOWER SPECIES: HERBS:

Asparagus (2) ü Angelica archangelica Consolida (2) ü Arthemisia spp (4) Digitalis (2) ü Cnicus benedictus Echium (2) ü Datura spp. (2) Helipterum (3) ü Echinacea purpurea Kalanchoe (3) 1 Hyssopus officinalis Linaria (3) 1 Lavandula angustifolia Mimulus (4) 1 Marrubium vulgare Myosotis (3) 1 Matricaria recutita Nemesia (2) 1 Melissa officinalis Nemophila (2) ü Menths x piperita Nicotiana (3) 2 Perilla frutescens Nigella (3) 2 Pimpinella spp. (2) Penstemon (3) 2 Reseda odorata Phlox (3) 2 Ruta graveolens Saponaria (3) 2 Thymus serpillum Scabiosa (2) ü Sylibum marianum Senecio (3) 2 Valeriana officinalis Silene (3) ü Solanum (4) 1 Tripleurospermum (2) 1 Verbascum (3) 1 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli

2. Committee Working Programme 2013-2016

A new species in the ISTA Rules: Felicia heterophylla

Introduction of a new species in the ISTA Rules: Felicia heterophylla Validation study of the germination method carried out in 2012/13: UNSUCCESSFUL!!

CONCLUSION (Jean-Luis Laffont – ISTA Statistics Committee)

None of the four methods fulfill the repeatability and the reproducibility criteria. Best compromise is reached for method 20-None

METHODS TP; 20-30°C (first count 4-7 days; final count: 21 days). Additional treatment: NONE TP; 20-30°C (first count 4-7 days; final count: 21 days). Additional treatment: Prechill: 7 o days at 5 C + 0,2% KNO3 solution (applied together) TP; 20°C (first count 4-7 days; final count: 21 days). Additional treatment: NONE TP; 20°C (first count 4-7 days; final count: 21 days). Additional treatment: Prechill: 7 days o at 5 C + 0,2% KNO3 solution (applied together) 15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 2. Committee Working Programme 2013-2016

A new species in the ISTA Rules: Felicia heterophylla

Photo: Zita Ripka

We are looking for new seed lots in order to ri-organize the validation study and finally have Felicia heterophylla included in the ISTA Rules

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 2. Committee Working Programme 2013-2016

A new species in the ISTA Rules: Passiflora spp.

We have received the proposal to introduce Passiflora in the Rules: - we are looking for seeds - we are looking for information (species, germination methods)

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli 2. Committee Working Programme 2013-2016

ISTA Proficiency Test plan 2013/2016: Callistephus chinensis (GER)

Test Leader: Zita Ripka

Test round: PT 14-1

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli WORKSHOP A Flower Seed Testing Workshop is planned (2015?)

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli THANKS TO THE FSC MEMBERS FOR THE WORK DONE!

THANKS TO THE SECRETARIAT FOR THE SUPPORT!

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!

15.06.2013 – Rita Zecchinelli