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PENGARUH SALINITAS DAN KECEPATAN AERASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN DEWA (Tor Soro)

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PENGARUH SALINITAS DAN KECEPATAN AERASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN DEWA (Tor Soro) PENGARUH SALINITAS DAN KECEPATAN AERASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN DEWA (Tor soro) IFFI RIZKIYA PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2021 M/1442 H PENGARUH SALINITAS DAN KECEPATAN AERASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN DEWA (Tor soro) SKRIPSI Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sains Pada Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta IFFI RIZKIYA 11160950000044 PROGRAM STUDI BIOLOGI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 2021 M/1442 H ii PENGARUH SALINITAS DAN KECEPATAN AERASI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO DAN DAYA TETAS TELUR IKAN DEWA (Tor soro) SKRIPSI Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sains Pada Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta IFFI RIZKIYA 11160950000044 Menyetujui: Pembimbing I, Pembimbing II, Eri Setiadi, S.Si., M.Sc. Etyn Yunita, M.Si. NIP. 196502051999031001 NIP. 197006282014112002 Mengetahui, Ketua Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Dr. Priyanti, M.Si. NIP. 197505262000122001 iii PENGESAHAN UJIAN Skripsi berjudul “Pengaruh Salinitas dan Kecepatan Aerasi terhadap Perkembangan Embrio dan Daya Tetas Telur Ikan Dewa (Tor soro)” yang ditulis oleh Iffi Rizkiya, NIM 11160950000044 telah diuji dan dinyatakan LULUS dalam sidang Munaqosyah Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta pada tanggal 4 Februari 2021. Skripsi ini telah diterima sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar Strata Satu (S1) Program Studi Biologi. Menyetujui, Penguji I, Penguji II, Dr. Dasumiati, M.Si. Dr. Megga Ratnasari Pikoli, M.Si. NIP. 197309231999032002 NIP. 197203222002122002 Pembimbing I, Pembimbing II, Eri Setiadi, S.Si, M.Sc. Etyn Yunita, M.Si. NIP. 196502051999031001 NIP. 197006282014112002 Mengetahui, Dekan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Ketua Program Studi Biologi Prof. Dr. Lily Surayya Eka Putri, M.Env.Stud. Dr. Priyanti, M.Si. NIP. 196904042005012005 NIP. 197505262000122001 iv PERNYATAAN DENGAN INI SAYA MENYATAKAN BAHWA SKRIPSI INI ADALAH BENAR HASIL KARYA SENDIRI DAN BELUM PERNAH DIAJUKAN SEBAGAI SKRIPSI ATAU KARYA ILMIAH PADA PERGURUAN TINGGI MANAPUN. Jakarta, Februari 2021 Iffi Rizkiya 11160950000044 v ABSTRAK Iffi Rizkiya. Pengaruh Salinitas dan Kecepatan Aerasi terhadap Perkembangan Embrio dan Daya Tetas Telur Ikan Dewa (Tor soro). Skripsi. Program Studi Biologi. Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi. Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 2020. Dibimbing oleh Eri Setiadi dan Etyn Yunita. Populasi ikan (Tor soro) dewa telah mengalami penurunan bahkan termasuk kedalam kategori terancam punah yang diakibatkan oleh penangkapan berlebihan, kerusakan habitat, dan belum stabilnya produksi ikan hasil budidaya. Budidaya merupakan upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya kepunahan. Penambahan salinitas bertujuan untuk mempercepat penetasan dengan merangsang enzim chorionase, sedangkan kecepatan aerasi untuk menciptakan sirkulasi dan meningkatkan oksigen terlarut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan salinitas dan kecepatan aerasi optimal terhadap perkembangan embrio dan daya tetas telur ikan dewa guna menghasilkan larva yang berkualitas. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan dua tahap kegiatan, pertama salinitas (0, 2, 4, dan 6 ppt) dan kedua kecepatan aerasi (0, 500, 1000, 1500, dan 2000 ml/menit) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa telur ikan dewa hanya dapat bertahan pada salinitas 0 ppt dengan daya tetas sebesar 90,00±10,00%. Persentase abnormalitas tertinggi ditemukan pada perlakuan kecepatan aerasi 0 ml/menit dan terendah pada 500 ml/menit. Nilai LPKT dan panjang mutlak tertinggi ditemukan pada perlakuan 1500 ml/menit yaitu 0.1268±0.0056 mm3/hari untuk LPKT dan 4.6435±0.2518 mm untuk panjang mutlak. Kondisi terbaik untuk inkubasi telur ikan dewa adalah pada air tawar yang bersalinitas 0 ppt dan pada kecepatan aerasi 1000 ml/menit dengan nilai oksigen terlarut 6,58-7,31 mg/L. Kata kunci: Ikan dewa, Kecepatan aerasi, Salinitas vi ABSTRACT Iffi Rizkiya. Effect of Salinity and Aeration Rate on Embryonic Development and Hatching Rate of Mahseer (Tor soro). Undergraduate Thesis. Departement of Biology. Faculty of Science and Technology. Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta. 2020. Advised by Eri Setiadi and Etyn Yunita. The mahseer (Tor soro) population is getting down even threatens with extinction caused by over fishing, habitat destruction, and unstable of fish culture production. The effort of fish cultivation prevent occurring of threaten. The addition of water salinity has an aim to fasten the hatching time by stimulating chorionase enzyme, meanwhile the aeration rate can affect circulation and increase the dissolved oxygen. This experiment aimed to determine the optimal salinity and aeration rate for embryonic development and hatching rate of Mahseer eggs in order to produce high-quality larvae. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with two steps of experiment. The first step was salinity (0, 2, 4, and 6 ppt), and the second step was aeration rate treatment (0, 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 ml/minute) with 3 repetitions, respectively. The result showed that Mahseer eggs only survived on 0 ppt salinity with a hatching rate of 90,00±10,00%. The highest percentage of abnormality found on 0 ml/minute treatment and the lowest on 500 ml/minute treatment. The highest value of yolk sac absorption (0.1268±0.0056 mm3/day) and absolute length (4.6435±0.2518 mm) was found on 1500 ml/minute treatment. The dissolved oxygen value was increasing along with the increasing of aeration rate. The best condition for Masheer culture is on salinity of 0 ppt and aeration rate of 1000 ml/minute. Keywords: Aeration rate, Mahseer, Salinity vii KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah memberikan kemudahan sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Shalawat serta salam semoga terlimpah curahkan kepada baginda tercinta kita yaitu Nabi Muhammad SAW yang kita nanti-natikan syafa’atnya di akhirat nanti. Penulis mengucapkan syukur kepada Allah SWT atas limpahan nikmat sehat-Nya, baik itu berupa sehat fisik maupun akal pikiran, sehingga penulis mampu untuk menyelesaikan pembuatan skripsi dengan judul “Pengaruh Salinitas dan Kecepatan Aerasi terhadap Perkembangan Embrio dan Daya Tetas Telur Ikan Dewa (Tor soro)”. Tulisan ini dapat diselesaikan berkat adanya pihak-pihak yang telah memberikan bimbingan serta dukungan kepada penulis. Oleh karena itu ucapan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya penulis sampaikan kepada: 1. Prof. Dr. Lily Surayya Eka Putri, M.Env.Stud. selaku Dekan Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta beserta jajarannya. 2. Dr. Priyanti, M.Si. selaku Ketua Program Studi Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. 3. Narti Fitriana, M.Si. selaku Sekretaris Program Studi Biologi Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta serta selaku penguji seminar proposal dan seminar hasil yang telah memberikan masukan dan saran kepada penulis. 4. Eri Setiadi, S.Si., M.Sc. selaku kepala Instalasi Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Lingkungan dan Toksikologi Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar, Bogor sekaligus Pembimbing I skripsi yang telah bersedia membimbing penulis selama penelitian hingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi. 5. Etyn Yunita, M.Si. selaku Pembimbing II yang telah yang telah bersedia membimbing penulis selama penelitian hingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi. viii 6. Dr. Dasumiati, M.Si. dan Dr. Megga Ratnasari Pikoli, M.Si. selaku dosen penguji sidang skripsi yang telah memberikan kritik dan saran dalam penulisan skripsi ini. 7. Dr. Fahma Wijayanti, M.Si. selaku penguji seminar proposal dan seminar hasil yang telah memberikan masukan dan saran kepada penulis. 8. Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Tawar dan Penyuluhan Perikanan Bogor yang telah memberi izin kepada penulis agar dapat melaksanakan penelitian. 9. Ayahanda dan Ibunda tercinta yang selalu senantiasa memberikan dukungan moril maupun materil kepada penulis. 10. Aisyah dan Dina yang telah memberikan bantuan selama melaksanakan penelitian, serta teman-teman lainnya yang tidak bisa penulis sebutkan satu persatu. Jakarta, Februari 2021 Penulis ix DAFTAR ISI Halaman ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... vi ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................ vii KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................................... viii DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................. x DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xii BAB I PENDAHULUAN ............................................................................................ 1 1.1. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 1 1.2. Rumusan Masalah.......................................................................................... 3 1.3. Hipotesis .......................................................................................................
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