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Iscrizioni Reali Dal Vicino Oriente Antico Assiria Università di Pisa Dpt. di Civiltà e Forme del Sapere ISCRIZIONI REALI DAL VICINO ORIENTE ANTICO ASSIRIA Materiali per il corso di Storia del Vicino Oriente antico Traduzione di Giuseppe Del Monte Pisa – 2013 2 3 SOMMARIO L’ETÀ DEL MEDIO BRONZO 5-11 Zarriqum (ca. 2050-2042) 6 Costruzione del tempio di Bēlet-ekallim Sillūlu (ca. 2000?) 6 Impronte di sigillo da Kültepe Šallim-aḫum (ca. 1970) 6 Costruzione del tempio di Assur ad Assur Ilu-šumma (ca. 1950) 7 Costruzione del tempio di Ištar ad Assur Erišum I (ca. 1940-1910) 7 Lavori al tempio ad Assur La Porta del tribunale Šamšī-Adad I (ca. 1833-1776) 9 Ricostruzione del tempio di Assur ad Assur Ricostruzione del tempio di Ištar a Ninive L’ETÀ DEL TARDO BRONZO 13-29 Puzur-Assur III (ca. 1500) 15 Lavori al tempio di Ištar ad Assur Assur-bēl-nišēšu (1417-1409) 15 Costruzione di un muro ad Assur Assur-rīm-nišēšu (1408-1401) 15 Costruzione di un muro ad Assur Assur-uballit I (1363-1328) 16 Costruzione di un edificio ad Assur Eliminazione di una sorgente d’acqua Enlil-nērārī (1327-1318) 17 Restauro delle mura esterne di Assur Arik-dīn-ili (1317-1306) 17 Costruzione del tempio di Šamaš Adad-nērārī I (1305-1274) 18 Progetto di costruzione di un palazzo a Taite Salmanassar I (1273-1244) 20 Restauro del tempio del dio Assur Eḫursagkurkurra Tukultī-Ninurta I (1243-1207) 22 Costruzione dell’Elugalumunkurkurra ad Assur Costruzione della nuova residenza regia Kar-Tukultī-Ninurta Assur-nādin-apli (1206-1203) 27 Deviazione del corso del Tigri Assur-rēša-iši I (1133-1116) 28 Restauri al tempio di Ištar di Ninive 4 Giuseppe Del Monte L’ETÀ DEL FERRO 31-210 Tiglatpileser I (1115-1077) 32 Il Prisma A Il “Palazzo di Cedro” 44 Assur-bēl-kala (1074-1057) 47 L’Obelisco Spezzato Erība-Adad II (1055-1054) 50 Tavoletta da Ninive Šamšī-Adad IV (1053-1050) 51 Coni di argilla dal Tempio di Ištar a Ninive Assur-dān II (934-912) 51 Annali Adad-nērārī II (911-891) 54 Ricostruzione del Tempio di Gula ad Assur Tukultī-Ninurta II (890-884) 61 Annali Assurnasirpal II (883-859) 67 Annali Iscrizione Standard 88 La Stele del Banchetto 90 Il Monolito di Kurḫ 94 Salmanassar III (858-824) 97 Il Monolito di Kurḫ L’Obelisco Nero 107 Šamšī-Adad V (823-811) 117 La Stele da Kalḫu Adad-nērārī III (810-783) 122 Lastra da Kalḫu Soglia da Kalḫu La Stele da ar-Rimāh La Stele da Kızkapanlı Salmanassar IV (782-773) 125 La Stele da Kızkapanlı Tiglatpileser III (744-727) 126 Tavoletta da Kalḫu Sargon II (721-705) 133 Barilotto da Khorsabad La Stele da Kition 135 La Preghiera ad Assur (Ottava Campagna) 137 Sennacherib (704-681) 156 Barilotto da Ninive BM 113203 Prisma “Taylor” 161 I rilievi rupestri di Bavian 170 Esarhaddon (680-669) 174 La successione al trono (Nin. A) La ricostruzione di Babilonia (Bab. D) 185 Assurbanipal (668-627) 187 Annali A (“Cilindro Rassam”) L’ETÀ DEL MEDIO BRONZO 6 Giuseppe Del Monte Zarriqum (ca. 2050-2042) Costruzione del tempio di Bēlet-ekallim (la “Signora del Palazzo”) Lapide in pietra dal tempio di Ištar ad Assur. A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions I, Wiesbaden 1972, p. 3 sg.; A.K. Grayson, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods. I. Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC, Toronto 1987, p. 9. Zarriqum è definito lu2 di Assur in testi della III Dinastia di Ur dall’anno ca. 44 di Šulgi all’anno 5 di Amar-Suena e si titola šakkanakku di Assur nella sua propria iscrizione, cf. P. Michalowski, Aššur during the Ur III Period, in: O. Drewnowska (ed.), Here & There across the Ancient Near East. Studies in Honour of Krystyna Łyczkowska, Warszawa 2009, pp. 149-156. Zarriqum, šakkanakku di Assur, suo servo, ha costruito per la sua vita il tempio di Bēlet-ekallim, la sua signora, per la vita di Amar-Suena, il forte, re di Ur e re delle quattro regioni della terra. Sillūlu (ca. 2000?) Impronte di sigillo da Kültepe. A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions I, Wiesbaden 1972, p. 5 sg. XXVII 1; A.K. Grayson, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods. I. Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC, Toronto 1987, p. 12 sg. Assur è re (lugal), Sillūlu è governatore (ensi2) di Assur, figlio di Dakiki, l’araldo della città di Assur. Šallim-aḫum (ca. 1970) Costruzione del tempio di Assur ad Assur Blocco di pietra dalle fondamenta del tempio di Assur ad Assur. A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions I, Wiesbaden 1972, p. 6 sg. XXXI 1; A.K. Grayson, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods. I. Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC, Toronto 1987, p. 14. Šallim-aḫum, governatore del dio Assur, figlio di Puzur-Assur (I) governatore del dio Assur. Il dio Assur gli aveva chiesto un tempio ed egli gli ha costruito per sempre il tempio ... Inoltre ha costruito per Assur il palazzo di X-Dagan, il suo sacello, la sua area templare, il ..., l’edificio per i tini da birra e il suo magazzino, per la sua vita e la vita della sua città. [...]. L’Età del Medio Bronzo 7 Ilu-šumma (ca. 1950) Costruzione del tempio di Ištar ad Assur Mattoni da Assur. A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions I, Wiesbaden 1972, p. 7 sg. XXXII 2; A.K. Grayson, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods. I. Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC, Toronto 1987, pp. 16-18 No. 2. 1-15Ilu-šumma, governatore del dio Assur, amato da Assur e da Ištar, figlio di Šallim-aḫum governatore del dio Assur; Šallim-aḫum, governatore del dio Assur, (era) figlio di Puzur-Assur (I), governatore del dio Assur. 36-48Ilu-šumma, governatore del dio Assur, ha costruito il tempio ad Ištar, la sua signora, per la sua vita. Ho innalzato? trasversalmente? un nuovo muro ed ho suddiviso lotti di abitazioni per la mia città. Assur ha aperto per me due sorgenti sul monte Abiḫ e da quelle due sorgenti ho formato i mattoni per il muro; l’acqua di una sorgente scorreva giù verso la porta di Aušum e l’acqua dell’altra sorgente scorreva giù verso la porta di Wertum. 49-65Io ho stabilito esenzioni (addurārum) degli Akkadi e dei loro figli ed ho purificato il loro rame; ho stabilito esenzioni per loro dalle paludi? e Ur e Nippur, da Awal e Kismar1, da Dēr di Ištaran2 fino alla città (di Assur). Erišum I (ca. 1940-1910) Lavori al tempio ad Assur Soglia di pietra da Assur. A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions I, Wiesbaden 1972, p. 10 sg. XXXIII 7; A.K. Grayson, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods. I. Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC, Toronto 1987, p. 22 sg. No. 2. 1-14Erišum, governatore del dio Assur, figlio di Ilu-šumma governatore del dio Assur, ha edificato il tempio e tutta l’area templare per Assur, il suo signore, per la sua vita e la vita della sua città. 15-25Quando ho messo mano alla costruzione e la città era ai miei ordini ho stabilito esenzioni (addurārum) per l’argento, l’oro, il rame, lo stagno, l’orzo, la lana assieme ai pagamenti? di crusca e paglia. 26-44Nell’intonaco di ogni muro ho mischiato olio e miele e messa una fila di mattoni. Assur, il mio signore, stava accanto a me ed io ho sgombrato dalle case l’area dalla Porta delle Pecore alla Porta delle Genti. Mio padre aveva edificato il muro ma io ho fatto il muro più alto di quello di mio padre. 1 Se Awal è una grafia per Awan, in Elam a N di Susa; anche Kismar era ad E del Tigri. 2 Tall ʿAqar presso Badrah, Iraq. 8 Giuseppe Del Monte 45-50Chi rimuoverà qualcosa del mio lavoro, la tavoletta ..., [che] Assur [...]! La Porta del tribunale. Tavolette da Kültepe A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions I, Wiesbaden 1972, pp. 111-13 XXXIII 8; A.K. Grayson, The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia. Assyrian Periods. I. Assyrian Rulers of the Third and Second Millennia BC, Toronto 1987, pp. 19-21 No. 1. 1-3[...] Erišum, governatore del dio Assur, [figlio di Ilušumma] governatore del dio Assur; Ilušumma (era) figlio di Šālim-aḫum [governatore del dio Assur], Šālim-aḫum (era) figlio di Puzur-Assur [governatore del dio Assur]. 4-18Erišum, governatore del dio Assur: ho costruito la Porta-mušlālum (dove siede il tribunale), la corte e la cella [per] il mio signore, ho costruito [l’alto] trono e ne ho istoriato la fronte con pietre preziose ḫušārum e ho sistemato le porte. Assur, il mio signore, è stato accanto a me ed io ho riservato ad Assur, mio signore, terreni dalla Porta delle Pecore alla Porta delle Genti. Ho edificato l’intera area templare. Ho fabbricato due tini da birra gemelli [...] e vi ho sistemato dentro due pesi a forma di oca di un talento ciascuno. Ho ornato di bronzo le due lune e sopra di loro ho installato due arkabu da un talento ciascuno. Il nome del tempio è “Toro selvaggio”, il nome della porta è “Genio protettore”, il nome del chiavistello è “Sii forte”, il nome della soglia è “Sta in guardia”. 19-25Se il tempio andrà in rovina ed un re a me pari lo restaurerà, non rimuova il cono (inscritto) che ho inserito (nel muro) ma lo rimetta al suo posto. Chi miscelerà birra nell’edificio dei (tini da birra) gemelli, Assur, Adad e Bēl, il mio dio, distruggano il suo seme! 26-29“Giustizia”, “Egli ha ascoltato la preghiera”, “Esci, criminale!”, “Egli ha innalzato la giustizia”, “Sta attento a chi ha sofferto ingiustizia”, “La sua bocca è retta” e “Dio ha ascoltato”: in totale sette Giudici della porta-mušlālum.
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