DOCSLIB.ORG

English/About)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
English/About) Report No. 94032-IQ Public Disclosure Authorized (DRAFT) KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACT Public Disclosure Authorized ASSESSMENT OF THE SYRIAN CONFLICT AND ISIS CRISIS Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank KRG Ministry of Planning ii Currency Equivalents (Exchange Rate as of February 7, 2015) Currency Unit = Iraqi Dinar (ID) US$ = ID 1,166 ID = US$0.000858 Fiscal Year January 1 – December 31 Vice President: Hafez Ghanem Country Director: Ferid Belhaj Global Practice Manager: Auguste Tano Kouame Task Team Leader: Sibel Kulaksiz iii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS CCCM Camp Coordination and Camp Management CPI Consumer Price Index EIU Economist Intelligence Unit ESIA Economic and Social Impact Assessment EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GDP Gross Domestic Product GDRB General Directorate for Roads and Bridges HH Household IDPs Internally Displaced Persons IMF International Monetary Fund IOM International Organization for Migration IHSES Iraq Household Socio-Economic Survey IPP Independent Power Producers IRP Immediate Response Plan KRG Kurdistan Regional Government KRI Kurdistan Region of Iraq KRSO Kurdistan Regional Statistics Office MDER Minimum Dietary Energy Requirement MENA Middle East and North Africa MFI Microfinance Institutions MoE Ministry of Electricity MoHC Ministry of Housing and Construction MOLSA Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs MoP Ministry of Planning MoNR Ministry of Natural Resources MSW Municipal Solid Waste NGOs Non-Government Organizations NHA National Health Account NSWMP National Solid Waste Management Plan OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development O&M Operations and Maintenance PCI Pavement Condition Index PDS Public Distribution System PHC Primary Health Care PPAs Power Purchase Agreement RAND Research and Development Corporation REACH Responsive Education for All Children SEINA Socio-Economic Infrastructure Needs Assessment SPSF Social Protection Strategic Framework T&D Transmission and Distribution UAE United Arab Emirates UN United Nations iv UNDP United Nations Development Program UNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund WDR World Development Report WFP World Food Program WHO World Health Organization v KRG: Economic and Social Impact Assessment of the Syrian Conflict and ISIS Crisis Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... IX EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 10 1. MACRO-ECONOMIC AND FISCAL IMPACT OF THE CONFLICT ...... 13 1.1 Pre-Crises Macroeconomic Situation .......................................................... 14 1.2 Crises Impact and Stabilization Assessment .............................................. 21 2. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPACT OF THE CONFLICT ....................... 33 2.1. Health Sector ................................................................................................ 33 2.2. Education Sector .......................................................................................... 42 2.3. Food Security and Agricultural Livelihoods ............................................. 48 2.4. Poverty and Welfare .................................................................................... 52 2.5. Social Assistance and Labor ....................................................................... 61 2.6. Housing and Shelter ..................................................................................... 67 2.7. Social Cohesion and Citizen Security ......................................................... 71 3. IMPACT OF THE CONFLICT ON INFRASTUCTURE .............................. 76 3.1. Water and Sanitation Sector ....................................................................... 76 3.2. Solid Waste Management ............................................................................ 79 3.3. Electricity Sector .......................................................................................... 84 3.4. Transportation Sector ................................................................................. 87 ANNEXES ....................................................................................................................... 95 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................. 128 vi List of Boxes, Figures, Tables, and Annexes Box 1.1: Accounting for the Impact of the Budget Freeze ............................................................ 27 Figure 1.1: KRI: GDP at Current Prices, 2004-2011 .................................................................... 14 Figure 1.2: KRG: Economic Composition of Public Expenditures, 2013 ..................................... 16 Figure 1.3: Number of Local and Foreign Registered Firms: Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Dobuk Governorates ................................................................................................................................. 17 Figure 1.4 KRI: Licensed Investment Projects, November 2006 till September 7, 2014 (project capital in US$ millions) ................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 1.5: KRI: Investment by Sectors, November 2006 till September 7, 2014 ........................ 19 Figure 1.6: Installed Plants in Industry Sector, July 2014 ............................................................. 19 Figure 1.7: Imports from World and Turkey (US$ millions) ........................................................ 20 Figure 1.8: Public Revenues, Baseline vs. Counterfactual (No Budget Shock) Scenarios ........... 23 Figure 1.9: Point Impact of IDPs on Monetary Wellbeing of KRI Residents, 2014 ..................... 24 Figure 1.10: Level of Consumer Price Index, January 2010 to October 2014 .............................. 26 Figure 1.11: Iraq: Trade Flows (including oil) .............................................................................. 27 Figure 1.12: Iraq: Monthly Imports from Neighboring Countries ................................................ 28 Figure 1.13: Iraq: Monthly Exports to Neighboring Countries (Including Oil) ............................ 28 Figure 1.14: Customs Revenues .................................................................................................... 28 Figure 1.15: Tourist Arrivals in KRG, 2012-2014 ........................................................................ 29 Figure 1.16: Diversion of Trade Routes ....................................................................................... 30 Figure 2.1: Per Capita Health Expenditure in KRI ........................................................................ 34 Figure 2.2: KRG Capital Investment ............................................................................................. 35 Figure 2.3: Hospital Beds by Governorate and Public-Private Mix .............................................. 36 Figure 2.4: Recurrent Health Expenditure in KRI ......................................................................... 37 Figure 2.5: Impact on Per Capita Expenditures ............................................................................. 38 Figure 2.6: Impact of Budgetary Crisis vs. Refugee and IDP Crises on Per Capita Expenditure . 39 Figure 2.7: Foreign Labor Inflow to KRI ...................................................................................... 63 Figure 2.8: Size of the Labor Force by Private-Public Sector ....................................................... 64 Figure 2.9: Labor Force by Sector ................................................................................................. 64 Figure 2.10: Shelter Trends for IDPs in KRI (June 25, 2014 to September 28, 2014) .................. 68 Figure 2.11: CPI Indicators for Rent and General Prices, January 2009 - July 2014 .................... 69 Figure 2.12: Estimated Number of Households Demanding Non-camp Housing in 60/40 Scenario ....................................................................................................................................................... 71 Figure 2.13: Monthly Civilian Deaths by Violence (per million inhabitants) ............................... 73 Figure 3.1: Fiscal Cost of Electricity Delivery in the KRI ............................................................ 87 Table 1: Stabilization Assessment .................................................................................................. 4 Table 1.1: Revenue and Expenditures, 2010-2014 ........................................................................ 16 Table 1.2: Comparison KRI vs Iraq .............................................................................................. 18 Table 2.1: Impact Assessment for the Health Sector: October 2012 – September 2014 ............... 40 Table 2.2: Stabilization Assessment for the Health Sector, 2015.................................................. 41 Table 2.3: Stabilization Assessment by Scenario, 2015 ................................................................ 42 Table 2.4: KRI Education Sector: Basic Statistics on Students, Schools, and Teachers ............... 43 Table 2.5: Dohuk: Refugees Shelters in Schools (as of September 1, 2014)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions
    Copyrighted material. No unauthorized reproduction in any medium. The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions Edited by Konstantinos Kopanias and John MacGinnis Archaeopress Archaeology Copyrighted material. No unauthorized reproduction in any medium. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78491 393 9 ISBN 978 1 78491 394 6 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Cover illustration: Erbil Citadel, photo Jack Pascal All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by Holywell Press, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Copyrighted material. No unauthorized reproduction in any medium. Contents List of Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................iv Authors’ details ..................................................................................................................................... xii Preface ................................................................................................................................................. xvii Archaeological investigations on the Citadel of Erbil: Background, Framework and Results.............. 1 Dara Al Yaqoobi, Abdullah Khorsheed Khader, Sangar Mohammed, Saber
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 3 Interactions and New Directions in Near Eastern Archaeology
    Civilizations in Contact Proceedings of the 5th “Broadening Horizons” Conference (Udine 5-8 June 2017) Volume 3 Interactions and New Directions in Near Eastern Archaeology Edited by Costanza Coppini Francesca Simi EUT EDIZIONI UNIVERSITÀ DI TRIESTE TABLE OF CONTENTS XI Preface XIII Foreword Civilizations in contact: current research and new approaches in Mediterranean and Near Eastern Archaeology 3 Elena Rova How wide is the Near East? Some reflections on the limits of “Near Eastern Archaeology” 23 Beatrice Barbiero A territorial model of animal husbandry for the southern Caucasus: some preliminary results 41 Eloisa Casadei The pottery repertoire at the end of the third millennium BC as chronological marker between southern Mesopotamia and the neighbouring regions. The case-study of the Syrian Jazirah 59 Francesca Chelazzi, Simone Bonzano Thinking data. Integrative big data approaches towards an ‘introspective’ digital archaeology in the ancient Mediterranean 77 Francesca Cioé, Marzia Merlonghi The Crisis Areas Archaeological Database (CAAD): a WebGIS for monitoring and safeguarding archaeological heritage 93 Costanza Coppini Settling the land: settlements pattern and ceramics in the land behind Nineveh from the Middle Bronze Age to the establishment of the Middle Assyrian State 111 Lorenzo Crescioli ‘Living burials’: reopening actions in kurgans and tombs between Central Europe and the Eurasian Steppe 137 Vittoria Dall’Armellina From the Caspian to the Aegean, from the Caucasus to the Carpathians. The circulation of the “long-sword” in
    [Show full text]
  • Current Issues in Kurdish Linguistics Current Issues in Kurdish Linguistics 1 Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics
    Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics 1 Songül Gündoğdu, Ergin Öpengin, Geofrey Haig, Erik Anonby (eds.) Current issues in Kurdish linguistics Current issues in Kurdish linguistics 1 Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics Bamberg Studies in Kurdish Linguistics Series Editor: Geofrey Haig Editorial board: Erik Anonby, Ergin Öpengin, Ludwig Paul Volume 1 2019 Current issues in Kurdish linguistics Songül Gündoğdu, Ergin Öpengin, Geofrey Haig, Erik Anonby (eds.) 2019 Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deut schen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Informationen sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de/ abrufbar. Diese Veröff entlichung wurde im Rahmen des Elite-Maststudiengangs „Kul- turwissenschaften des Vorderen Orients“ durch das Elitenetzwerk Bayern ge- fördert, einer Initiative des Bayerischen Staatsministeriums für Wissenschaft und Kunst. Die Verantwortung für den Inhalt dieser Veröff entlichung liegt bei den Auto- rinnen und Autoren. Dieses Werk ist als freie Onlineversion über das Forschungsinformations- system (FIS; https://fi s.uni-bamberg.de) der Universität Bamberg erreichbar. Das Werk – ausgenommen Cover, Zitate und Abbildungen – steht unter der CC-Lizenz CC-BY. Lizenzvertrag: Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. Herstellung und Druck: Digital Print Group, Nürnberg Umschlaggestaltung: University of Bamberg Press © University of Bamberg Press, Bamberg 2019 http://www.uni-bamberg.de/ubp/ ISSN: 2698-6612 ISBN: 978-3-86309-686-1 (Druckausgabe) eISBN: 978-3-86309-687-8 (Online-Ausgabe) URN: urn:nbn:de:bvb:473-opus4-558751 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20378/irbo-55875 Acknowledgements This volume contains a selection of contributions originally presented at the Third International Conference on Kurdish Linguistics (ICKL3), University of Ams- terdam, in August 2016.
    [Show full text]
  • Iscrizioni Reali Dal Vicino Oriente Antico Assiria
    Università di Pisa Dpt. di Civiltà e Forme del Sapere ISCRIZIONI REALI DAL VICINO ORIENTE ANTICO ASSIRIA Materiali per il corso di Storia del Vicino Oriente antico Traduzione di Giuseppe Del Monte Pisa – 2013 2 3 SOMMARIO L’ETÀ DEL MEDIO BRONZO 5-11 Zarriqum (ca. 2050-2042) 6 Costruzione del tempio di Bēlet-ekallim Sillūlu (ca. 2000?) 6 Impronte di sigillo da Kültepe Šallim-aḫum (ca. 1970) 6 Costruzione del tempio di Assur ad Assur Ilu-šumma (ca. 1950) 7 Costruzione del tempio di Ištar ad Assur Erišum I (ca. 1940-1910) 7 Lavori al tempio ad Assur La Porta del tribunale Šamšī-Adad I (ca. 1833-1776) 9 Ricostruzione del tempio di Assur ad Assur Ricostruzione del tempio di Ištar a Ninive L’ETÀ DEL TARDO BRONZO 13-29 Puzur-Assur III (ca. 1500) 15 Lavori al tempio di Ištar ad Assur Assur-bēl-nišēšu (1417-1409) 15 Costruzione di un muro ad Assur Assur-rīm-nišēšu (1408-1401) 15 Costruzione di un muro ad Assur Assur-uballit I (1363-1328) 16 Costruzione di un edificio ad Assur Eliminazione di una sorgente d’acqua Enlil-nērārī (1327-1318) 17 Restauro delle mura esterne di Assur Arik-dīn-ili (1317-1306) 17 Costruzione del tempio di Šamaš Adad-nērārī I (1305-1274) 18 Progetto di costruzione di un palazzo a Taite Salmanassar I (1273-1244) 20 Restauro del tempio del dio Assur Eḫursagkurkurra Tukultī-Ninurta I (1243-1207) 22 Costruzione dell’Elugalumunkurkurra ad Assur Costruzione della nuova residenza regia Kar-Tukultī-Ninurta Assur-nādin-apli (1206-1203) 27 Deviazione del corso del Tigri Assur-rēša-iši I (1133-1116) 28 Restauri al tempio di Ištar di
    [Show full text]
  • Supplemental Statement Washington, Dc 20530 Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, As Amended
    Received by NSD/FARA Registration Unit 07/12/2020 12:49:36 PM OMB No. 1124-0002; Expires June 30, 2023 U.S. Department of Justice Supplemental Statement Washington, dc 20530 Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended For 6 Month Period Ending 06-30-2020 (Insert date) I - REGISTRANT 1. (a) Name of Registrant (b) Registration Number Kurdistan Regional Government - Liaison Office 5783 (c) Primary Business Address 1532 16th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036-1402 2. Has there been a change in the information previously furnished m connection with the following? (a) If an individual: (1) Residence address(es) Yes □ No □ (2) Citizenship Yes □ No □ (3) Occupation Yes □ No □ (b) If an organization: (1) Name Yes □ No E\ (2) Ownership or control Yes □ No m (3) Branch offices Yes □ No 0 (c) Explain fully all changes, if any, indicated in Items (a) and (b) above. IF THE REGISTRANT IS AN INDIVIDUAL, OMIT RESPONSES TO ITEMS 3, 4, 5, AND 6. 3. If the registrant previously filed an Exhibit C*1, state whether any changes therein have occurred during this 6 month reporting period. Yes □ No □ If yes, has the registrant filed an updated Exhibit C? Yes □ No 0 If no, please file the updated Exhibit C. 1 The Exhibit C, for which no printed form is provided, consists of a true copy of the charter, articles of incorporation, association, and by laws of a registrant tliat is an organization. (A waiver of the requirement to file an Exhibit C may be obtained for good cause upon written application to the Assistant Attorney General, National Security Division, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Halaf Settlement in the Iraqi Kurdistan: the Shahrizor Survey Project
    The Archaeology of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and Adjacent Regions Access Open Edited by Konstantinos Kopanias and John MacGinnis Archaeopress Archaeopress Archaeology Copyright Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Archaeopress Publishing Ltd Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78491 393 9 ISBN 978 1 78491 394 6 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Access Cover illustration: Erbil Citadel, photo Jack Pascal Open All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Archaeopress Printed in England by Holywell Press, Oxford This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com Copyright Archaeopress and the authors 2016 Contents List of Figures and Tables ........................................................................................................................iv Authors’ details ..................................................................................................................................... xii Preface ................................................................................................................................................. xvii Archaeological investigations on the Citadel of Erbil: Background, Framework and Results.............. 1 Dara Al Yaqoobi, Abdullah Khorsheed Khader, Sangar Mohammed, Saber Hassan Hussein, Mary Shepperson and John MacGinnis The site
    [Show full text]
  • Interactions and New Directions in Near Eastern Archaeology
    The Tell Gomel archaeological survey. Preliminary results of the 2015-2016 campaigns FRANCESCA SIMI University of Oxford Abstract This paper presents the methodology, goals and preliminary results of the Tell Gomel Archaeological Survey. The project has its origins in the wider ‘Land of inevehN Archaeological Project’ (LoNAP) which has been con- ducted since 2012 by the University of Udine in the northern Region of Iraqi Kurdistan. The area examined by the project is the heart of the Navkur Plain, an alluvial plain that covers the eastern hinterland of the Assyr- ian capital of Nineveh. The focus of settlement throughout the entire Navkur Plain was the ites of Tell Gomel, where a preliminary survey documented the existence of a settlement sequence ranging from the Chalcolithic to the Ottoman period. Due to its large size and position in the centre of the plain, Gomel must have played an important role in this region, presumably as its political and economic centre. The area around Gomel is also of great interest because of its position in the heart of the Navkur Plain, a trade route hub from the Late Chalco- lithic onwards, and the main focus of settlement for a much wider region. The project therefore aims to inves- tigate the archaeological landscapes of this crucial and still unknown area. Keywords Iraqi Kurdistan, Upper Mesopotamia, Landscape Archaeology, Intensive Survey West & East 279 Monografie, 4 Francesca Simi 1. Introduction large parts of the governorates of Ninawa and Duhok and aims at understanding the transformation of the This paper aims at illustrating the activities and the cultural and natural landscapes of a key region of preliminary results of an intensive survey carried out Northern Mesopotamia located in the hinterland of in the Navkur Plain during summer 2015 and 2016.1 the Assyrian capital of Nineveh.
    [Show full text]
  • The Emergence of Cultural Identities and Territorial Policies in the Longue Durée: a View from the Zagros Piedmont
    The emergence of cultural identities and territorial policies in the LONGUE DURÉE: A view from the Zagros Piedmont R. Vallet, J.S. Baldi, M. Zingarello, M. Sauvage, H. Naccaro, C. Paladre, F. Bridey, C. Padovani, K. Rasheed, K. Raeuf and Q. Halkawt Abstract. Since 2015, fieldwork in the Western Qara Dagh (Sulaymānīyah governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan) is opening up new perspectives on the dynamics of interaction between late prehistoric Southern and Northern Mesopotamia. Two sites, Girdi Qala and Logardan, are being investigated with a special focus on three main historical phenomena between 6th and 3rd millennia BC. A first major event is represented by the diffusion of the Ubaid horizon, which appears to occur as a very early process of acculturation between Halaf and Ubaid cultural entities. Then, the so-called Uruk “oikumene” is attested in the Qara Dagh, three centuries earlier than previously documented in Northern Mesopotamia, at the very beginning of the 4th millennium BC. Later, around the middle of the 3rd millennium BC, the emergence of the so-called “Early Dynastic states” is documented at Logardan by the rebuilding of a monumental citadel. Architectural and ceramic data allow us to reassess these three major cultural dynamics, each of which implies specific modalities of interaction between the North and the South. This variable range of relationships shows that simplistic dichotomies between Northern and Southern people or “cultures” are misleading and ineffective. Indeed, as of the Late Prehistory, northern and southern communities have never evolved separately. Résumé. Depuis 2015, la mission pluridisciplinaire du Qara Dagh occidental (gouvernorat de Sulaymānīyah, Kurdistan iraquien) ouvre de nouvelles perspectives sur les dynamiques d’interaction entre la Mésopotamie du Nord et du Sud.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Heritage
    #03–2014 Cultural Heritage Archaeological Heritage Heritage and Tourism Iranian Narratives on Management on the Marxiano Melotti the Mongol Era Rania Plain Anja Pistor-Hatam Tim Skuldbøl, Carlo Colantoni Cultural Heritage in Governmentalities of Creating Futures for the the Gulf: Blight or Alevi Cultural Heritage Past in Southern Iraq Blessing? Benjamin Weineck Eleanor Robson Djamel Boussaa www.meta-journal.net CONTENT E DITORIAL FOCUS 05 Alexa Bartelmus, 41 Tim Skuldbøl, Carlo Colantoni Giulia Francesca Grassi A Damage Assessment of Iraq’s Dealing with the Past in the Past: Archaeological Heritage Present: How and Why? Management on the Rania Plain in Iraqi Kurdistan ANTI/THESIS 55 Djamel Boussaa Cultural Heritage in the Gulf: 19 Jody Tabitha Neal Blight or Blessing? A Discussion Provenience, Provenance and of the Evidence from Dubai, the UNESCO 1970 Convention: Jeddah and Doha Two Schools of Thought on the Publication of Indeterminate 71 Marxiano Melotti Artifacts Heritage and Tourism. Globalization and Shifting Values in the United Arab Emirates META 92 Benjamin Weineck 30 Markus Hilgert Governmentalities of Alevi Materializing Culture – Cultural Heritage: On Culturizing Material. On the Recognition, Surveillance and Status, Responsibilities and “Domesticated Diversity” in Function of Cultural Artifact Contemporary Turkey Repositories within the Framework of a “Transformative 104 Anja Pistor-Hatam Scholarship” Historical Thinking in Intercultural Perspective: Iranian Narratives on the Mongol Era Middle East – Topics & Arguments #03–2014 CONTENT 113 Eleanor Robson Creating Futures for the Past in Southern Iraq: Challenges and Opportunities CLOSE UP 125 Giulia Francesca Grassi Nabonidus, King of Babylon OFF-TOPIC 137 Renate Dieterich More than Movies: Cinema Petra in Amman During the Mandatory Period 151 IMPRINT Middle East – Topics & Arguments #03–2014 04 E DITORIAL Middle East – Topics & Arguments #03–2014 EDITORIAL 05 lennium, there is a very strong interest in recent developments in (mostly) the Arab Dealing with the Past in the Present: world.
    [Show full text]
  • Organized Crime in the Levant Download
    POLITICAL ECONOMY REPORT ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE LEVANT Conflict, transactional relationships and identity dynamics LAURA ADAL FEBRUARY 2021 ORGANIZED CRIME IN THE LEVANT Conflict, transactional relationships and identity dynamics ww Laura Adal February 2021 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared, researched and written by Laura Adal, under the guidance of Tuesday Reitano, Deputy Director of the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (GI-TOC). Phone Interviews were carried out by Ahmad Sakkal and related general research by Muhammad Abunnassr, Balquees Al-Bsharat, Hadeel Azeez Dhahir, Nazli Tarzi, Salem Osseiran, and Hakan Demirbuken. Editing was done by Mark Ronan and diagrams were created by Claudio Landi. The layout was prepared by Pete Bosman and maps devel- oped by Liezel Bohdanowicz. The research for this report was made possible with funding from the UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO). ABOUT THE AUTHOR Laura Adal is a senior analyst at the GI-TOC, where she provides research for a number of projects, analyzing a diverse range of organized-crime flows across the world. Laura is part of the core team in the development of the Organised Crime Index, which evaluates the relationship between criminality and country responses. She is a trained lawyer and previously worked at the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Terrorism Prevention Branch, where she engaged in research related to terrorism and violent extremism, and provided legal counter-terrorism technical assistance to member states. © 2021 Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the Global Initiative.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplemental Statement Washington, Dc 20530 Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, As Amended
    Received bv NSD/FARA Registration Unit 02/02/2020 3:24:08 PM OMB No. 1124-0002; Expires May 31, 2020 U.S. Department of Justice Supplemental Statement Washington, dc 20530 Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended For Six Month Period Ending December 30,2020 (Insert date) I - REGISTRANT 1. (a) Name of Registrant (b) Registration No. Kurdistan Regional Government - Liaison Office - USA 5783 (c) Business Address(es) of Registrant 1532 16th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036-1402 2. Has there been a change in the information previously furnished in connection with the following? (a) If an individual: (1) Residence address(es) Yes □ No □ (2) Citizenship Yes □ No □ (3) Occupation Yes □ No □ (b) If an organization: (1) Name Yes □ No H (2) Ownership or control Yes □ No m (3) Branch offices Yes □ No 0 (c) Explain fully all changes, if any, indicated in Items (a) and (b) above. IF THE REGISTRANT IS AN INDIVIDUAL, OMIT RESPONSE TO ITEMS 3,4, AND 5(a). 3. If you have previously filed Exhibit C*1, state whether any changes therein have occurred during this 6 month reporting period. Yes □ No 0 If yes, have you filed an amendment to the Exhibit C? Yes □ No 0 If no, please attach the required amendment. 1 The Exhibit C, for which no printed form is provided, consists of a true copy of the charter, articles of incorporation, association, and by laws of a registrant that is an organization. (A waiver of the requirement to file an Exhibit C may be obtained for good cause upon written application to the Assistant Attorney General, National Security Division, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Introduction
    UNESCO-IHE INSTITUTE FOR WATER EDUCATION Hydraulic Design and Performance Assessment of Malwan Irrigation Scheme in North Iraq (Kurdistan Region) Ruaa Khalid Hamdan MSc Thesis (WSE-LWD-08.10) April 2008 Hydraulic Design and Performance Assessment of Malwan Irrigation Scheme in North Iraq (Kurdistan Region) Master of Science Thesis By Ruaa Khalid Hamdan Supervisors Prof. E. Schultz, PhD, MSc (UNESCO-IHE) F.X. Suryadi, PhD, MSc (UNESCO-IHE) Examination committee Prof. E. Schultz, PhD, MSc (UNESCO-IHE), Chairman Ir. P.H.J. Hollanders (Principal Water-board of Delfland) F.X. Suryadi, PhD, MSc (UNESCO-IHE) This research is done for the partial fulfillment of requirements for the Master of Science degree at the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands Delft April 2008 The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this study do neither necessarily reflect the views of the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, nor of the individual members of the MSc committee, nor of their respective employers. This thesis is dedicated to my parents for their love and care. Acknowledgements Acknowledgements All Praise is to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds. To my Parents, Aunts, Sister and Brothers who support me and give me the power and the patience, to complete this study, I present this work to them. Thanks and gratitude to Professor Bart Schultz for his valuable guidance and advices, thanks to Dr. Suryadi for his support and guidance. Many thanks to the Director of Irrigation in Sulymania and the other staff members for providing me with information. Special thanks to the entire support staff of UNESCO-IHE, my friends and my classmates for their support.
    [Show full text]