1.3 Linguistic Variations of a Dialect
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Prevocalic T-Glottaling Across Word Boundaries in Midland American
hon la Laboratory Phonology Kaźmierski, K. 2020 Prevocalic t-glottaling across word boundaries lab Journal of the Association for in Midland American English. Laboratory Phonology: Journal of Laboratory Phonology phon the Association for Laboratory Phonology 11(1): 13, pp. 1–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5334/labphon.271 JOURNAL ARTICLE Prevocalic t-glottaling across word boundaries in Midland American English Kamil Kaźmierski Department of Contemporary English Language, Faculty of English at Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, PL [email protected] Rates of t-glottaling across word boundaries in both preconsonantal and prevocalic contexts have recently been claimed to be positively correlated with the frequency of occurrence of a given word in preconsonantal contexts (Eddington & Channer, 2010). Words typically followed by consonants have been argued to have their final /t/s glottaled more often than words less frequently followed by consonants. This paper includes a number of ‘internal’ and ‘external’ predictors in a mixed-effects logistic regression model and has two goals: (1) to replicate the positive correlation of the frequency of occurrence of a word in preconsonantal contexts (its ‘contextual frequency’) with its rates of t-glottaling in both preconsonantal and prevocalic contexts postulated by Eddington and Channer (2010), and (2) to quantify the factors influencing the likelihood of t-glottaling across word boundaries in Midland American English. The effect of contextual frequency has been confirmed. This result is argued to support a hybrid view of phonological storage and processing, one including both abstract and exemplar representations. T-glottaling has also been found to be negatively correlated with bigram frequency and speech rate deviation, while positively correlated with young age in female speakers. -
New England Phonology*
New England phonology* Naomi Nagy and Julie Roberts 1. Introduction The six states that make up New England (NE) are Vermont (VT), New Hampshire (NH), Maine (ME), Massachusetts (MA), Connecticut (CT), and Rhode Island (RI). Cases where speakers in these states exhibit differences from other American speakers and from each other will be discussed in this chapter. The major sources of phonological information regarding NE dialects are the Linguistic Atlas of New England (LANE) (Kurath 1939-43), and Kurath (1961), representing speech pat- terns from the fi rst half of the 20th century; and Labov, Ash and Boberg, (fc); Boberg (2001); Nagy, Roberts and Boberg (2000); Cassidy (1985) and Thomas (2001) describing more recent stages of the dialects. There is a split between eastern and western NE, and a north-south split within eastern NE. Eastern New England (ENE) comprises Maine (ME), New Hamp- shire (NH), eastern Massachusetts (MA), eastern Connecticut (CT) and Rhode Is- land (RI). Western New England (WNE) is made up of Vermont, and western MA and CT. The lines of division are illustrated in fi gure 1. Two major New England shibboleths are the “dropping” of post-vocalic r (as in [ka:] car and [ba:n] barn) and the low central vowel [a] in the BATH class, words like aunt and glass (Carver 1987: 21). It is not surprising that these two features are among the most famous dialect phenomena in the region, as both are characteristic of the “Boston accent,” and Boston, as we discuss below, is the major urban center of the area. However, neither pattern is found across all of New England, nor are they all there is to the well-known dialect group. -
University of Pardubice Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Commented
University of Pardubice Faculty of Arts and Philosophy Commented Translation of a Specialized Text Tomáš Šaroun Bachelor Thesis 2019 Prohlašuji: Tuto práci jsem vypracoval samostatně. Veškeré literární prameny a informace, které jsem v práci využil, jsou uvedeny v seznamu použité literatury. Byl jsem seznámen s tím, že se na moji práci vztahují práva a povinnosti vyplývající ze zákona č.121/2000Sb., autorský zákon, zejména se skutečností, že Univerzita Pardubice má právo na uzavření licenční smlouvy o užití této práce jako školního díla podle § 60 odst. 1 autorského zákona, a s tím, že pokud dojde k užití této práce mnou nebo bude poskytnuta licence o užití jinému subjektu, je Univerzita Pardubice oprávněna ode mne požadovat přiměřený příspěvek na úhradu nákladů, které na vytvoření díla vynaložila, a to podle okolností až do jejich skutečné výše. Beru na vědomí, že v souladu s § 47b zákona č. 111/1998 Sb., o vysokých školách a o změně a doplnění dalších zákonů (zákon o vysokých školách), ve znění pozdějších předpisů, a směrnicí Univerzity Pardubice č. 9/2012, bude práce zveřejněna v Univerzitní knihovně a prostřednictvím Digitální knihovny Univerzity Pardubice. V Pardubicích dne 17. 06. 2019 Tomáš Šaroun Acknowledgements I wish to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisor Mgr. Eva Nováková for her valuable advice, guidance, and patience. Additionally, I would like to thank my dear and loving family for continuous support and encouragement throughout my studies. ANNOTATION This bachelor thesis deals with various aspects of translating specialized texts from English to Czech. The first chapter contains definitions of stylistics and offers two points of view on the topic as are differently perceived by English and Czech scholars. -
Downeast New England and South Boston Dialects
Downeast New England and South Boston Dialects by Juraj Gašpar Geographical Location Geographical Location The Downeast dialect - coastal Maine - southern New Hampshire - working-class Boston north-shore - eastern Rhode Island The South Boston dialect - Boston The Downeast New England Dialect Signature sounds 1. In the lot and cloth lexical sets we hear [ɒ] or [ɑ]. [ɒ] is the older, more traditional vowel and is pronounced half-long [ɒˑ]. rotten, lost jobs, college, swan, waffle, knowledge, off, cough, froth, cross, soft, often, Australia, long, Communist 2. In the bath set we most commonly hear long [aː] bath, pass, card, chance, last, branch, demand, example, half-caste 3. In the nurse set we hear [ɜː], [ɝ] or [ɞ]. The non-rhotic versions are the older, more traditional sounds bird, curly, furniture, pernicious, certain, earth, herd, rehearsal, work, worst, sermon, turncoat 4. In the face set we hear [eː]. The vowel tends to be a single-stage vowel, monophthong rather than diphthong, close and tense in the vicinity of [e] tape, change, taper, april, gauge, weight, day, rain, great 5. In the thought set we hear a variety of sounds in the region, a not very lip-rounded [ɔ] and [ʌ], the best being [ɒə] with a slight offglide taught, odd, applaud, atom, gob, jaw, chalk, all, bald, hold, alter, fault, awful, naughty, broad, small 6. In the goat set we hear [o], a fairly pure single-stage vowel in the vicinity of [u] soap, road, hole, noble, bowl, soul, cult, role, sow, dough 7. In the price set we hear [ʌɪ], the prescriptive GenAm, and [eɪ] or [əɪ] – the most evocative of the traditional dialect mind, timely, bright-eyed, childlike, bicycle, tight, either, height, fight 8. -
Quantifying Dimensions of the Vowel Space in Patients with Schizophrenia and Controls
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2021 Quantifying Dimensions of the Vowel Space in Patients with Schizophrenia and Controls Elizabeth Maneval Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Phonetics and Phonology Commons Recommended Citation Maneval, Elizabeth, "Quantifying Dimensions of the Vowel Space in Patients with Schizophrenia and Controls" (2021). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 1660. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/1660 This Honors Thesis -- Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Acknowledgements I wish to express my sincerest gratitude to my advisor, Anya Hogoboom, for her patience, insight, and unwavering support during every step of this project. Without her constant encouragement, I never would have completed this thesis. Thanks to Kate Harrigan for her assistance in conceptualizing approaches for analyzing the data. Thanks to Jacob Adams for his tireless work on troubleshooting with the coding involved in FAVE to make this project a reality. Thanks to the William & Mary Linguistics Research Group for their supportive and constructive feedback and ideas as this project progressed. Additional thanks to my family and friends for their grounding support and input on the various iterations of this project. Abstract The speech of patients with schizophrenia has been characterized as being aprosodic, or lacking pitch variation. Recent research on linguistic aspects of schizophrenia has looked at the vowel space to determine if there is some correlation between acoustic aspects of speech and patient status (Compton et al. -
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Departament De Traducció I
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Departament de Traducció i Ciències del Llenguatge Programa Oficial de Doctorat Pluricentric dubbing in French and Spanish The translation of linguistic variation and prefabricated orality in films Presentat per Pascale Trencia Supervisió del projecte per Dra. Victòria Alsina, Dra. Jenny Brumme i Dra. Kristin Reinke Barcelona, setembre de 2019 Dedicatòria i Agraïments A mis padres, Guy y Lise, a mi hermana Marion, a Guillermo, a mis directoras, Vicky, Jenny y Kristin, y a todos los que han cruzado mi camino durante estos cincos años de estudios doctorales. Esta tesis lleva un poco de cada uno de vosotros. Resum El present estudi examina com es tradueix el discurs fílmic, especialment els elements marcadors de la variació lingüística, al francès i al castellà, dues llengües pluricèntriques, és a dir, llengües que tenen més d’un centre normatiu. El fet que diverses nacions adoptin mesures per promoure la indústria nacional del doblatge, en general per motius econòmics i culturals, en ocasions porta a duplicar les varietats de doblatge. Per tant, una qüestió clau és saber com es comparen aquestes versions doblades i com aconsegueixen transmetre la variació lingüística i la oralitat prefabricada a través de les seves respectives traduccions. L’objectiu d’aquesta investigació consisteix a examinar quines són les principals diferències i similituds entre el discurs fílmic doblat de Quebec i de França (per al francés) i d’Espanya i Amèrica Llatina (per a l’espanyol), sobre la base d’un estudi de la pel·lícula Death Proof (2007) de Quentin Tarantino. Aquesta pel·lícula va ser seleccionada pel seu alt nivell de variació lingüística i la importància que Tarantino dóna a la llengua (no estàndard) de les seves pel·lícules. -
The Use of Regional Accent in Audio Health Communications
University of Otago The Use of Regional Accent in Audio Health Communications Rachel Leeson A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Communication Centre for Science Communication, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand 28 June 2019 Abstract Cancer is a large and complex family of diseases with a variety of causes and risk factors. The health communication strategy needed to combat cancer may also need to be a large and complex family of communications. Podcasts are an easily made, readily accessible form of audio communication. However, little research has been done about the use of podcasts for health communications. Drawing on the body of literature that supports the efficacy of tailored and targeted health communications, this project looks at the use of audio cancer prevention communications tailored with three regional accents, the American Midwestern accent, the Southern Texan accent, or the Tejano (Texan Mexican American) accent, focusing on a cancer prevention message in two cohorts, Americans (excluding Texans) and Texans. After listening to any of the three audio communications, both cohorts had a strong comprehension of the message and intended to exercise more. The American population reported liking the Southern-accented narrator less and viewing the message as less valid compared to the other narrators, but this did not impact either comprehension or intention to exercise. The Texan population had no significant difference in response to any of the three accents. However, in both the Texan and American population, there was a difference in the response to accents between men and women. -
1 the Iowa Test of Consonant Perception 1 2 3 Validation of The
1 1 The Iowa Test of Consonant Perception 2 3 4 Validation of the Iowa Test of Consonant Perception 5 Jason Geller1, Ann Holmes1, Adam Schwalje2, Joel I Berger3, Phillip E Gander3, Inyong Choi4, 6 Bob McMurray1 7 1 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, G60 Psychological and 8 Brain Sciences Building, Iowa City, IA 52242 9 2 Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins 10 Drive, 21151 Pomerantz Family Pavilion, Iowa City, IA 52242 11 3 Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, 1800 John Pappajohn 12 Pavilion, Iowa City, IA 52242 13 4 Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Wendell Johnson 14 Speech and Hearing Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52242 15 16 Corresponding Author 17 Jason Geller 18 Center for Cognitive Science 19 152 Frelinghuysen Road 20 Busch Campus 21 Piscataway, New Jersey 08854 22 [email protected] 23 24 The Iowa Test of Consonant Perception 2 25 Abstract 26 Speech perception (especially in background noise) is a critical problem for hearing-impaired 27 listeners, and an important issue for cognitive hearing science. Despite a plethora of standardized 28 measures, few single-word closed-set tests uniformly sample the most frequently used phonemes 29 and use response choices that equally sample phonetic features like place and voicing. The Iowa 30 Test of Consonant Perception (ITCP) attempts to solve this. It is a proportionally balanced 31 phonemic word recognition task designed to assess perception of the initial consonant of 32 monosyllabic consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words. -
1967-1969 Southern Illinois University Bulletin Edwardsville Campus (Undergraduate Catalog) Southern Illinois University Carbondale
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC SIU Bulletins and Course Catalogs University Archives 1967 1967-1969 Southern Illinois University Bulletin Edwardsville Campus (Undergraduate Catalog) Southern Illinois University Carbondale Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/ua_bcc Recommended Citation , . "1967-1969 Southern Illinois University Bulletin Edwardsville Campus (Undergraduate Catalog)." (Jan 1967). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the University Archives at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in SIU Bulletins and Course Catalogs by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. One Dollar Southern Illinois University 1967/1969 Undergraduate Catalog Edwardsville Campus OBJECTIVES OF SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY TO EXALT BEAUTY In God, in nature, and in art; Teaching how to love the best but to keep the human touch; TO ADVANCE LEARNING In all lines of truth wherever they may lead, Showing how to think rather than what to think, Assisting the powers of the mind In their self-development; TO FORWARD IDEAS AND IDEALS In our democracy, Inspiring respect for others as for ourselves, Ever promoting freedom with responsibility; TO BECOME A CENTER OF ORDER AND LIGHT That knowledge may lead to understanding And understanding to wisdom. Southern Illinois University Bulletin 967/1969 Undergraduate Catalog Idwardsville Campus SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY BULLETIN / Vol. 9. No. 11. -^ttt\ September. 1967. Second-elass postage paid at Carbondale. Illinois 62901. ^i Published by Southern Illinois University. Carbondale. Illinois 62901. monthly except March and April, when published semi-monthly. This Issue of the Southern Illinois Univer- sity Bulletin covers in detail questions concerning the under- graduate program and applies to the Edwardsville Campus. -
READ to Your Child!! Read in English OR in Your Home Language
Grades K-2 PARENTS: READ to your child!! Read in English OR in your home language. Any type of reading improves a child’s ability to understand how to read! For example, you child learns that sounds are represented by letters and that the text runs in a direction. SPEAK with your child often! Point out interesting items on a daily walk or around your house. This builds your child’s observational skills, enabling him or her to be more focused when learning English. Again, do this in English or in your home language. Do not worry if your English is not as good as you want it to be! Your child will learn from you! Children have a unique ability to learn a second language like a native speaker; what you don’t know will not interfere with your child’s progress. BE EXCITED about learning! Do not act as if learning is a chore. Children are natural learners and are only discouraged when the tasks seem overwhelming or unrelated to what really matters. Make learning a central part of WHAT YOUR FAMILY LOVES TO DO: talk enthusiastically about what YOU are learning, ASK your child what they are learning and be happy! Grades 3-12 STUDENTS: WATCH movies or TV shows with SUBTITLES! Watch a favorite movie in English with subtitles in your first language, or switch it up: Watch the movie in your first language with English subtitles. Then, watch it in English with English subtitles and finally watch it without any subtitles. You will learn not only words, but how people use informal language. -
Jody Fish BA Thesis
Gende(r) in the Boston Accent A linguistic analysis of Boston (r) from a gender perspective Jody Fish English Studies – Linguistics BA Thesis 15 Credits Spring 2018 Supervisor: Soraya Tharani Gende(r) in the Boston Accent i Table of Contents Abstract ………………………………………………………………………………………...... ii 1 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………………………. 1 2 Background ……………………………………………………………………………………. 2 2.1 Historical background ……………………………………………………………………. 2 2.2 Theoretical background …………………………………………………………………... 3 2.3 Previous studies …………………………………………………………………………... 7 3 Design of the present study …………………………………….………………….…………. 10 3.1 Participants …………………………………………………………………………….... 10 3.2 Data elicitation ………………………………………………………………………….. 11 3.3 Method ………………………………………………………………………………….. 13 4 Results and discussion …...……………….………………………………………………....... 14 4.1 Casual speech vs careful speech ……………………………………………………....... 14 4.2 Gender differences ……………………………………………………………………… 16 4.3 Other social factors ……………………………………………………………………... 17 5 Concluding remarks …………………………………….……………………………………. 20 References …………………………………………………………………………………........ 22 Gende(r) in the Boston Accent ii Abstract The Boston accent is one of the most famous accents in the United States and is known for its non-rhoticity, which essentially means that Bostonians do not normally pronounce their r’s after vowels. While most Boston locals would tell you to ‘pahk the cah ova hea’ when you arrive in the city, not every Bostonian has the same level of non-rhoticity; this variation is due to a number of different factors, but arguably one of the most interesting factors, which this paper focuses on, is gender. This study looks into how Boston non-rhoticity differs between males and females, as well the theories that explain these potential differences. This is done by collecting and analyzing the speech of Boston locals, following two previous studies on the same topic. In addition to gender, types of speech and other social factors are also analyzed. -
Vol11-05 Chad Hall Article
The Perception of the Vowel Continuum in British and US English Speakers Chad Hall Michigan State University (USA) Abstract In this paper, the perception of the /æ/-/ɛ/ vowel continuum was analysed in British and United States English speakers by testing their word identification across the pan-pen continuum. A clear difference was found between the two speaker groups, with the U.S. speakers continuing to perceive ‘pan’ beyond the British speakers, presumably due to /æ/-tensing in U.S. dialects, particularly before nasal codas. It was found that the amount of /æ/-tensing across phonetic environments in a U.S. speaker’s dialect as well as their exposure to British English affected how they perceived the continuum. The results prove Bell-Berti’s (1979) argument that speech production and perception are closely related, and the steep drop in perception from ‘pan’ to ‘pen’ displayed by both speaker groups may prove that vowel perception is categorical, in contrast to popular opinion, though a discrimination task would have to be run before any reliable claim can be made. Keywords: Vowels, Perception, U.S. English, British English, Sociolinguistics, Sociophonetics, Dialectology Papers from the Lancaster University Postgraduate Conference in Linguistics and Language Teaching, Vol 11–12. Papers from LAEL PG 2016–2017 Edited by Márton Petykó, Olena Rossi, and Shuo Yu © 2018 by the author 76 Chad Hall 1. Introduction 1.1. British and United States English Short-a Pronunciation The production of short-a by British and United States speakers is one of the key linguistic features that differentiates the dialects of these two countries.