Endoscopic Appearance and Clinicopathological Character of Breast Cancer
ANTICANCER RESEARCH 31: 3517-3520 (2011) Endoscopic Appearance and Clinicopathological Character of Breast Cancer DAIGO YAMAMOTO1, YU TSUBOTA1, HIDEYUKI YOSHIDA2, SAYAKA KANEMATSU2, NORIKO SUEOKA1, YOSHIKO UEMURA3, KANJI TANAKA4 and A-HON KWON1 1Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan; 2Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Kohri, Osaka, Japan; 3Clinical Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan; 4Breast Unit, Ribbon-rose Clinic, Osaka, Japan Abstract. Background: The Japanese Association of Nipple discharge is a common complaint among women. In Mammary Ductoscopy proposed a classification system based studies to date (1-4), the etiology is usually benign: on the objective endoscopic appearance of intraductal lesions. papilloma is the most common cause (40-70%), followed by This system includes four categories: solitary polypoid, adenomatous or papillary epithelial proliferation (14%). multiple polypoid, superficial, and combined type. However, However, 1-23% of women with pathologic nipple discharge previous studies did not adequately compare endoscopic are diagnosed with breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ; findings with histological findings and the prognosis. Patients therefore, further investigations including surgical duct and Methods: One hundred and ten patients with nipple excision are generally recommended. discharge who had intraductal tumors were identified by Fiberoptic ductoscopy is an emerging technique mammary ductoscopy, and 25 breast cancer patients were facilitating direct visual access to the ductal system of the identified from our database of records between 2001 and breast through nipple orifice cannulation and exploration (5- 2008. The clinicopathological data and outcomes of these 7). Ductoscopy allows the direct observation of lesions and is patients were then reviewed. Results: Lesions in 25 breast not simply indirect shadowing.
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