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Hackensack, N.J THE BERGEN COUNTY DEMOCRAT'S HISTORY OF HACKENSACK, N.J. ITS OLDEN :STORY, PRESENT ANNALS, PROSPECTIVE GROWTH ALL TOLD BY THE HISTORIAN'S PEN AND THE ARTIST'S PENCIL ENRICHED BY MANY ILLUSTRATIONS MADE E)<PRESSL Y FOR THIS WORK PUBLISHED BY THE BERGEN COUNTY DEMOCRAT EDITED BY D. D. READ 1898 Cop)·rfgllt :F. T. SlllLEY &, CO,, :S. Y. 1~18. Engrnvfngs hy HOPKINS & IILA rT, New York. Pre111 uf H. D. WINTON PRl:STISll ESTAJH.ISH~IJ<::ST Photogl'llphk work hy Hacken@M'k, N, J, C. W. VAN WAG:SEU, H11ekenRack, N. J, PREFACE. O~[E'l'J-IING is already known to readers of this volume concerning- the past history and present status of Hackensack. :\lore or less extended accounts of the first settlers, and their achievements and their successes, have been recorded in the valuable " Historical 3 Discourse," by Rev. Theodore B. Romeyn, Pastor of The First Reformed Church, :\lay 2, 1S69; in the "Annals of the Classis of Bergen, and of the Ancient Township of Bergen," by Benjamin C. Taylor, D. D., 185 7; in the " History of Bergen and Passaic Counties," by ,v. \Yooclford Clayton, 1882; and in "Hackensack Illustrated," by the Exempt Firemen's Association, 1896; and also in other books, of all of which our citizens may hayc knowledge. Since the appearance of those volumes it has been judged expedient to publish a work that should more adequately represent the important features of our local history, and the various agencies and enterprises that are contributing to the growth of our beautiful town. From the above sources and standard works, such as Ridpath's and :\Ic~Iaster's, needed information has been gathered, but the mculd of thought into which it has been cast is our own. }.luch of interest has always centered -1pon the efforts of scientists to disclose the conditions and Jaws governing natural phenomena; of explorers in tracing great rivers to their sources; of ardm:ologists in exhuming the relics of ancient cities and civilizations; of sociologists in discovering the ~auses of grt:at move:rnents of masses of population. 'fhe results of tl•eir efforts have always been regarded as so many valued acquisitions stored in the treasure-houses of hmna·1 knowledge, and a,·,dlablc for use in the advaneement of our modern civilization. No books arc more interesting; no stories more fascinating: no records more valuable than those that take us back, possibly along unfamiliar paths, and amid strange lands and still stranger peop1es, to the beginnings of those streams of civic life and law, of social customs and usages, that sweep by us to-clay in broad and deep channels. All such works have the charm of novelty; the interest that attaches to the unexpected; and afford the satisfaction that attends upon the consciousness of intel­ lectual acquisition. To such attractions as these, historicn1 romances doubtless owe their increasing number and popularity. ,vhile this volume may not ha,·e in large measure all these elements of interest, yet it is hoped they will not be found altogether wanting. Certain it is that for the reader who has a commendable pride in all that has made his local home surroundings what they are, there will be found something upon these pages to justify his feelings of admiration and of attachme,1t, when he proclaims himself a resident of our fair city. 'I'he pen and ink sketches illustrating this \'olume are clue to the skill ancl kindness of ~Iiss ~label Russell, daughter of Jas. H. Russell, Esq.; and to :\Iiss Nellie C. Read, daughter of the editor. l'AGE, CHAPTER J,-THE Ll!NNI LENAl't .. l )leaning of the Name.-A Tradition of Wancleriogs.-Another Tradition Relating to Origin.-An Opinion of the Pale I<'aces.-'fhe Indian in His Natural Estate. CHAPTER 11.-UNDER TIIE FLAG OF HoLLANU. .............................. 3 The Migratory Instincts.-Henry Hudsoo.-Voyages of Discovery.-New Netherland. CHAPTER 111.-BRIEf COLONIAL NOTES, ................................... s A Comparison.-The Name.-New Jersey.-The Conflict of Claims.-The Division of New Jersey.-'J'he Reuniting of the Two Provinces, CHAPTER IV.-SoME ANCIENT BoUNDARIES . , . 7 Act Defining Limits of 1'ownship.-Civil Organization of 'l'ownship.-New Hackensack.-New Barbadoes, Court of Small Causes.-The First Houses. CHAPTER V,-STORIES OF EARLY CONf,'I.JCTS, . • . 9 Indians.-Why Named.-Proximity of V1Jlages.-'l'he Murder of Van Voorst.-Tbe Hackingkesbacky 'l'ribe. CHAPTER VI.-EARL\' LEGAL PROCESSES, . II Baron Van Der Cappellen's Court.-The Court of Burgomasters.-Captain Berry's 'frial,-Hackensack Becomes the County Seat.-Various Crimes and Penalties.-Slavery and Special Laws.-1'he Execution of Several Negroes. CHAPTER Vli.-REVOLUTIONARY TIMES ................................... 14 Causes for Revolt.--Public Meeting at Hackensack.-Bergen County l\filitia.-The Retreat from Fort I.. ee. Washington at Hackensack.-A Picture of the Patriots. CHAPTER VIII.-ToRv AND BRITISH RAms •................. 1; Coveted Possessions.-Van Buskirk's Raid.-Brilish and Hessian Raid Upon Hackeni;ack.-'l'he Attack by Major-General Heath.-Retaliation.-The Sufferers at Home. CHAPTER IX.-THREE CoM~IANDERs. • . 20 Col. Aaron Burr.-Col. George Baylor.-Brig,•Gen. Enoch Poor. CHAPTER X.-REVOLUTIONAR\' STRIATION. ................... , . 23 John Berry.-A Raid for Cattle.-'l'esting Loyalty.-The Confiscation of Estates,-Honored Names.-A Revolutionary Reminiscence. CHAPTER XI.-THE MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT. , . 26 General Conditious.-Commissioners of Highways.-The Bridge Companies.-Steam I<'erries.-'l'he First Railroads.-Additional Data. CHAPTER XII,-EDUCATIONAL BEGINNINGS, .................... , . ........ , 28 A Primal Law.--The Original Log School House.-" The Little Reel School House.''-1'he Text Books. Queen's CoJlege.-Washington Academy,-Lafayette Academy.-The Hackensack Academy.-A Further Survey. CHAPTER XIII.-'I'ux Ar•PF.AL AND RxsPONsE IN "THE SIXTIES." . 31 'I'he First Call for llen.-Volunteering in Hackensack.-The Second and Third CaJJs.-Tbe Twenty-second Regiment.-A Glimpse of Soldier l..ife,-The Regiment's Return.-RoJI of Our Brave Sous. CHAPTER XIV.-PRF.SENT 'EDFCATIONAL ADVANTAGES . 35 Transcripts from Records.-'l'he Library.-Professor Hague's Reminiscences.-'fhe f tate Street School.- The Union Street SchooJ.-'rhe l<~airmouut School.-Tbe Hudson Street Schoo),. -The Hackensack Academy.-Some Other Schools.-'rbe County Superintendent.--The Board of Education.-The High School.--A Summary.--The High School Principal. CHAPTER XV.-REGENERATl\'E INFLUENCES•.•..•••••......•.••. , ••. , ....•. , , , 41 The First Reformed Church.-The Christian Reformed Church.--The First Presbyterian Churcb,-The First Baptist Church.-'l'he First Methodist Episcopal Church. CHAPTER XVI.--CHURCHES -CONTINUf,D . , . 52 The Second Reformed Church.-The Third Reformed German Church.--Holv Trinity R. C. Church.­ Christ Church, P. E.-Zion A. M. E. Church, Colored.-l'he Asbury M. E. Church,--St. Mary's R, C. Church.-Mt. Olive Baptist Church, Colored.--Calvary Baptist Church.-Unitarian Congregational Church. CHAPTER XVII.--THE NEWSPAPERS OF HACKENSACK, . 64 THE HISTORY OF HACKENSACK, N. ]. vii l'AG!, CHAP'J'ER XVJII.--Tm: HACKENSACK hrPROVEMENT CoM~nssION. 67 'l'he Commission,--Streets aucl Sidewalks, Lawns and Pntk!'.--The 'I'erhune Homestead.--'I'he Hackensack Water Co.- -The Hackensack Rh-er, Natural aud Artificial.--The Board of Health.-1'he Police Force.- 'l'bc Fire Department. CHAPTER XIX.-TRANSl'ORTA'l lO:---PAsT A:SD PREsE!'.T, • • • • ••••••••••••.•••••••..· • . 77 'l'ransportation Facilities.-1'he Hackensack Postoffice.--The llackensnck Gas and Electric Compauy.-- 'J'he Hackensack Bank.--'I'hc Hackensack Association.--The Hackensack Realty Company.-Public Buildings. CHAPTER XX.--OUR CITIZt.:N SOI.IHF.RS • • • • • • • • . • . • . • • • • • • . • • • • . • • . • • • • 85 'l'he Hackensack Continental Guard.-Company G, Second Regiment, N, G. N. J.--James B. :\lcPherson Post, ?\o. 52, G. A. R. CIIAP'I'ER XXI.-'l'm: LEARN Ell PROFEss10Ns.--CHAt-:ITABt E I:,s1T1 liTlo:-.s • . • . • . • • ••..• Bench and Bar.--Physicians and Surgeoui-:.-'I'he Hackensack Hoi-pital.--The Old Ladies' Home. CHAPTER XXIJ.-T11E OR1TAN1 F1E1.n C1.u11 •.•••••• CHAPTER XXlll.-FRATERNAI, A:-.u Socu1. Ot-:c:A:-.lzA'IION!', The Odd Fellows.--'l'he Masons.--Woman's Christian 'l'~mpcrance Union.--Tbe American :Mechanics.­ United Workmen.-The Gunod Society.-The Dramatic Association,---'l'lu, Schubert Club, and other Societies. CHAPTER XXIV.--)L\!\UFACl"URI~G 1:--DUSTRIES, • • . • . • . • . • . • • • • . • • • . • . 100 'l'he H=ickensack )lnt•1al Building and Loan.-Business Interests.--Krone Brothers' School and Blank Book )lannfactory.--Brick Manufacturing.--'I'he Silk l\lill. CHAPTER XXV.--BIOl,RAf'HICAI......... ............ , . , .... , . 102 BIOGRAPHICAL SI<ETCHES. PAGE, l'AGE, Ackerson, Col. Garret G. 1(,2 Hopper, Dr, John Ward. 105 B·rnta, William Sickles 10(, Johnson, Willium )I. , 120 122 Berdan, Cornelius "'· . Knapp, Joseph )I. 108 Bogart, Peter , 131 Knapp, :'\fanning M. 108 Brown, Henry C .. 130 Kncster, Ernest Henry 121 Camp1"·11, Abraham D, . 112 Pangborn, Frederick ""· 130 Campbdl, L · er A. Poor, Frank B. 133 Clark, Wal'.· :allotton . Clarenrlon, )latthew E. Ramsey, John Rathbone 115 Romeyn, Rev. James . 110 Conklin, George W. 123 Romeyn, James A. 111 Cumming, 'I'homas H. 132 Romeyn, D. D., Rev. 'l'he\1dore Bayard 11[ De Baun, Abram Snow, Hon. William D. 116 Demarest, Cornelius H. Stagg, Peter W. 11() Dunlop, John . 125 Thomas, William C. 133 Fank, Jacob H . 120 '!'ice, Walter J. 119 Fisher, George Hy1fo 112 Van Valen, James ::\J •• 115 Gillies, James W. I I<) Ward, Captain John J .. 103 Haas, Dr. Nelson . \Vheeler, George \Vakemau . 10-1 Haring. 'l'eunis A .. 125 Williams, William. 107 lln'.·t, Reuben M. .. 12S Winton, Henry D. 122 Hi,sbrouck, Dr. Charles . Hopper, Dr. Abram Zabriskie, Captain Andrew C. 12-1 Hopper, Dr. Henry A. 105 Zabriskie, Dadd D .. 122 GENERAL lLLlJSTRATIONS. PAGE. l'AGE, Ackerson, Col. Garret G. (Por.) ........ facing ..p Indian Village . • . • . Q Anderson Park.-Berry Street.-Anderson Street.- River Street. -First Baptist Church . facing 29 Johnson, Hon. William l[. (Por.) .
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