A Descriptive Look at College Enrollment and Degree Completion of Baltimore City Graduates
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A Descriptive Look at College Enrollment and Degree Completion of Baltimore City Graduates Rachel E. Durham Erik Westlund B E R C Baltimore Education Research Consortium August 2011 Baltimore Education Research Consortium BaltimoreB EducationE ResearchR CConsortium BERC Executive Committee Andrés Alonso, Ed.D., Chief Executive Officer, Baltimore City Public Schools Faith Connolly, Ph.D., Executive Director of the Baltimore Education Research Consortium Diane Bell-McKoy, President/CEO at Associated Black Charities Jacquelyn Duval-Harvey, Ph.D., Deputy Commissioner for Youth and Families for the Baltimore City Health Department J. Howard Henderson, President & CEO of the Greater Baltimore Urban League Obed Norman, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Science Education in Morgan State University's Graduate Program in Mathematics and Science Education. Stephen Plank, Ph.D., Associate Professor in The Johns Hopkins University’s Department of Sociology Sonja Brookins Santelises, Ed.D., Chief Academic Officer, Baltimore City Public Schools Jane Sundius, Director of the Education and Youth Development Program at OSI-Baltimore Matthew D. Van Itallie, J.D., Chief Accountability Officer, Baltimore City Public Schools Without the assistance of numerous partners, this research would not have been possible. The authors extend their gratitude to Jeanetta Churchill, the Office of Institutional Research at Morgan State, Morgan State affiliates, and BERC research staff members. The study was completed through the generous support of the Abell Foundation. Baltimore Education Research Consortium Table of Contents List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. ii List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iii Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ v Background ..................................................................................................................................... 1 The Benefits of Educational Attainment .................................................................................................. 1 Barriers to College Access and Degree Completion ................................................................................ 2 Methodology ................................................................................................................................... 4 Research Questions ................................................................................................................................... 4 Data and Analysis ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Findings .......................................................................................................................................... 6 How do local colleges define “readiness” for college? ............................................................................ 6 How many City Schools graduates enroll in college the fall immediately after graduation? .................. 7 How many City Schools graduates ever enroll in college? ...................................................................... 8 What does college enrollment among City Schools graduates look like by gender, receipt of special education services, and high school type? ............................................................................... 8 What types of postsecondary institutions do City Schools graduates attend? ........................................ 12 How many City Schools graduates complete postsecondary degrees? .................................................. 14 Discussion, Recommendations, and Conclusions ......................................................................... 20 References ..................................................................................................................................... 22 Appendices .................................................................................................................................... 25 Appendix A: Comparison of Educational Attainment for People Aged 25 Years and Older in the US, Maryland, Baltimore County, and Baltimore City .......................................... 25 Appendix B: Data Sources and Collection Methods .............................................................................. 26 Appendix C: Data Processing and Methods of Analysis ....................................................................... 28 Appendix D: Graduation (Leaver Rate) and Fall College Enrollment for the Baltimore City Schools Graduating Classes of 2006 through 2010 .................................................. 30 Appendix E: Baltimore City Schools Classification By Year ............................................................... 32 Appendix F: Most Frequently Enrolled Institutions of Higher Education Attended by City Schools Students from the Class of 2004 ......................................................................... 36 College Enrollment and Degree Completion in Baltimore City Schools i Baltimore Education Research Consortium List of Tables Table 1. 2010 National Unemployment Rate and Earnings by Educational Attainment .........................................................................................................................1 Table 2. 2009 National Unemployment Rates by Race/Ethnicity and Educational Attainment .........................................................................................................................2 Table 3. Demographic Comparison of the USA, Maryland, and Baltimore County and Baltimore City ............................................................................................................3 Table 4. Data Sources Used in This Study .....................................................................................5 Table 5. College ACCUPLACER Cut Scores for Determining College Ready by College/University ............................................................................................................6 Table 6. Number and Rate of Baltimore City Graduates and Fall College Enrollment for the Classes of 2006 through 2010 ...............................................................................7 Table 7. Number and Percent of Baltimore City Graduates Who Ever Enrolled in College and Enrolled the Fall After Graduation for the Classes of 2008 Through 2010 ....................................................................................................................8 Table 8. Percentage of Students Receiving Special Education Services in the USA, Maryland, Baltimore County, and Baltimore City ............................................................9 Table 9. Number and Percent of Baltimore City Schools Graduates Ever Enrolling and Completing a 2-Year Degree by Fall 2010 for the Class of 2004, by Institution ........................................................................................................................17 Table 10. Number of Baltimore City Schools Graduates Who Ever Enrolled and Completed a 4-Year Degree by Fall 2010 for the Class of 2004 by Institution and IPEDS Degree Completion Rates .........................................................19 College Enrollment and Degree Completion in Baltimore City Schools ii Baltimore Education Research Consortium List of Figures Figure 1. The percent of male and female high school graduates enrolled in college the fall after high school graduation. .............................................................................. 9 Figure 2. The percent of high school graduates who received special education services in high school who enrolled in college the fall after high school graduation. .................................................................................................................... 10 Figure 3. Percentage of Baltimore City graduates enrolled in college in the fall following high school graduation by high school type for the Classes of 2008 through 2010. ....................................................................................................... 11 Figure 4. Percent of high school graduates enrolled in college in the fall after high school graduation by high school subtype for the Class of 2010. ................................ 12 Figure 5. The percent of students enrolled in college the fall after graduation who enrolled at 4-year or 2-year institutions. ...................................................................... 12 Figure 6. Percent of students enrolled in the fall following graduation at 4-year colleges by selectivity ratings for the Classes of 2008 through 2010. ......................... 13 Figure 7. Percent of City Schools graduates enrolled in Historically Black Colleges and Universities and out of state colleges, 2008-2010. ................................................ 14 Figure 8. Percent of students completing degree (2- and 4-year degrees) for the Class of 2004 for all City Schools graduates and those who ever enrolled in college .......................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 9. Percent of students completing 2- and 4-year degrees for the Class of 2004 by time of enrollment.