Volcanic Rocks of the Santa Maria Province, California Age And
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U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Volcanic Rocks of the Santa Maria Province, California Age and Tectonic Inferences from a Condensed!?) Succession of Upper Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene Strata, Big Pine Mountain Area, Santa Barbara County, California Bulletin 1995-R, S Geophysical section offshore Santa Maria basin Geologic section onshore Santa Maria basin USGS science fora changing world AVAILABILITY OF BOOKS AND MAPS OF THE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Instructions on ordering publications of the U.S. Geological Survey, along with prices of the last offerings, are given in the current-year issues of the monthly catalog "New Publications of the U.S. Geological Survey." Prices of available U.S. Geological Survey publications released prior to the current year are listed in the most recent annual "Price and Availability List." 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Residents of Alaska may order maps from STENNIS SPACE CENTER, Mississippi-Bldg. 3101 U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center 101 Twelfth Ave., Box 12 Fairbanks, AK 99701 Volcanic Rocks of the Santa Maria Province, California By RONALD B. COLE and RICHARD G. STANLEY Age and Tectonic Inferences from a Condensed!?) Succession of Upper Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene Strata, Big Pine Mountain Area, Santa Barbara County, California By JOHN G. VEDDER, RICHARD G. STANLEY, HUGH McLEAN, MARY LOU COTTON, MARK V. FILEWICZ, and DAVIDR. YORK Chapters R and S are issued as a single volume and are not available separately U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1995 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS/ONSHORE OIL AND GAS INVESTIGATIONS- SANTA MARIA PROVINCE Edited by Margaret A. Keller U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas J. Casadevall, Acting Director Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1998 For sale by U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Box 25286 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Volcanic rocks of the Santa Maria Province, California/by Ronald B. Cole and Richard G. Stanley. Age and tectonic inferences from a condensed!?) succession of Upper Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene strata, Big Pine Mountain area, Santa Barbara County, California/by John G. Vedder...[et al.]. p. cm. U.S. Geological Survey bulletin ; 1995) (Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations Santa Maria Province; ch. R, S) "Chapters R and S are issued as a single volume and are not available separately." Includes bibliographical references. Supt. of Docs, no.: I 19.3:1995-R, S. 1. Rocks, Igneous California Santa Maria Basin. 2. Geology, Strati- graphic Tertiary. 3. Geology California Santa Maria Basin. 4. Santa Maria Basin (Calif.) 5. Mudstone California Big Pine Mountain Region. I. Stanley, Richard G. II. Vedder, John G. III. Title. IV. Title: Age and tectonic inferences from a condensed(?) succession of Upper Cretaceous, Paleocene, and Eocene strata, Big Pine Mountain area, Santa Barbara County, California. V. Series. VI. Series: Evolution of sedimentary basins/onshore oil and gas investigations Santa Maria Province ; ch. R, S. QE75.B9 no. 1995-R, S 557.3s dc21 97-48362 [QE461) [552'.2'097949] CIP Chapter R Volcanic Rocks of the Santa Maria Province, California By RONALD B. COLE and RICHARD G. STANLEY U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 1995 EVOLUTION OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS/ONSHORE OIL AND GAS INVESTIGATIONS- SANTA MARIA PROVINCE Edited by Margaret A. Keller CONTENTS Abstract Rl Introduction Rl Acknowledgements R3 Stratigraphy, ages, and descriptions of volcanic rocks R3 Tranquillon Volcanics of Dibblee (1950) R3 Unnamed basaltic andesite of Santa Rosa Creek R6 Unnamed lower Miocene tuffs of the Santa Barbara coast R7 Tuff deposits in the Lospe Formation near Point Sal R7 Sill near Point Sal RIO Obispo Formation and related rocks Rll Unnamed volcanic rocks of the Catway Road area R13 Unnamed volcanic rocks of the Lopez Mountain area R14 Morro Rock-Islay Hill complex R14 Cambria Felsite R14 Unnamed volcanic rocks of upper Pine Creek R14 Subsurface volcanic rocks (onshore and offshore) R15 Other occurrences of volcanic rocks R15 Geochemistry of volcanic rocks R16 Volcanic source areas and paleogeography R19 Relations of volcanism to regional tectonic events R22 Conclusions R24 References cited R25 Appendixes 1. Data, interpretations, and assumptions used to construct the stratigraphic chart for middle Tertiary volcanic units in the Santa Maria province (fig. 2) R29 2. Compilation of available major element and selected trace element data for volcanic rocks of the Santa Maria area R31 3. Subsurface data used to construct lower Miocene volcanic thickness map of figure 15 R34 FIGURES 1. Map of the Santa Maria province R2 2. Stratigraphic chart for middle Tertiary volcanic units in the Santa Maria province R4 3. Schematic stratigraphic column of the Tranquillon Volcanics of Dibblee (1950) near Tranquillon Mountain R6 4. Photographs of the Tranquillon Volcanics of Dibblee (1950) in its type area near Tranquillon Mountain R6 5. Unnamed basaltic andesite near Santa Rosa Creek in an outcrop about 25 km east of Tranquillon Mountain R7 6. Schematic composite stratigraphic section of the Lospe Formation in its type area near Point Sal R8 7. Photographs of tuff deposits in the Lospe Formation in its type area near Point Sal. R9 8. Composite stratigraphy of subaqueous tuffs in the upper member of the Lospe Formation that were deposited as reworked ash from high-density turbidity flows RIO 9. Photomicrograph under cross-polarized light of trachybasalt sill that intrudes the Point Sal Formation near Point Sal Rll 10. Representative strati graphic columns of the Obispo Formation drawn from original field data of this study combined with data reported by Schneider and Fisher (1996) Rll 11. Photographs of the Obispo Formation R12 12. Catway volcanics in the Catway Road area R13 13. Photomicrograph of unnamed basalt at Lopez Mountain under cross-polarized light R14 14. Photographs of intrusion at Morro Rock R15 15. Thickness map of lower Miocene volcanic rocks in part of the Santa Maria province R16 16. Silica (SiO2) versus total alkalis (Na2O + K2O) for Santa Maria province volcanic rocks showing lithologic classifications of LeBas and others (1986) R17 17. Silica (SiO2) versus titanium (TiO2), magnesium (MgO), sodium (Na2O), and potassium (K2O) for volcanic units in the Santa Maria province R18 18. Samarium (Sm) versus hafnium (Hf) variation diagram for selected 20-16 Ma volcanic units in the Santa Maria province R19 19. Lanthanum (La) versus samarium (Sm), ytterbium (Yb), and niobium (Nb) for selected 20-16 Ma volcanic units in the Santa Maria province R20 20. Early Miocene paleogeographic reconstruction for the Santa Maria province and simplified model of block rotations and zones of crustal extension R23 TABLE 1. Compilation of available radiometric ages for volcanic rocks in and around the Santa Maria province R5 Volcanic Rocks of the Santa Maria Province, California By Ronald B. Cole1 and Richard G. Stanley ABSTRACT regional and local stratigraphic marker horizons