Overview What Is Cloud Computing?

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1 Outline

Overview

Cloud Approaches

Cloud Enabling Technology

Cloud Archietcture

Real-World Case Study

CLOUD COMPUTING

Natawut Nupairoj, Ph.D.

What is Cloud Computing?

Various definitions 3 Overview Wikipedia Web-based processing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices (such as smartphones) on demand over the Internet Gartner a style of computing in which massively scalable IT-related capabilities are provided 'as a service' using Internet technologies to multiple external customers

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Common Understanding about (Good Luck) Defining Cloud Computing Cloud Computing 5 6

Web-enabled services Software-as-a-Service (software/platform/infrastructure) “My customer resource management (CRM) system is out on the Internet!” Remote datacenter Grids vs. Clouds Shared resources via virtualization Shared Virtual Resources Batch Jobs vs. Online Applications Outsource maintenance tasks to the hosting Different Approaches to State Management organizations Network Diagrams

A service is “on a cloud somewhere”

Virtualization Platforms & APIs

Hardware can be manipulated with software

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

Grid vs. Cloud

Grid Cloud Underlying concept Utility Computing Utility Computing Main benefit Solve computationally Provide a scalable complex problems standard environment for network-centric application development, testing and deployment Resource distribution / Negotiate and manage Simple user <-> provider allocation resource sharing; model; pay-per-use schedulers Domains Multiple domains Single domain Character / history Non-commercial, publicly Commercial funded

7 Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

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Evolution of Cloud Architecture A Brief History

9 10

Stand-Alone

Client-Server

Web-Based Application

ASP

Cloud Computing

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

Example: Amazon Web Services (AWS) Amazon S3 (March 2006) 11 Amazon EC2 12 Salesforce (August 2006) AppExchange (March 2006) Amazon EC2 Amazon S3

Elastic Cloud Computing Data Storage in Amazon

virtual servers for rent Data Center

priced on per hour from Web Service interface $0.10 to $1 Storage: $0.15 per

Example Profile GB/Month

1.7 Ghz x86 processor Data Transfer: $0.20/GB Google App Engine (April 2008) 1.7 GB of RAM to transfer data

Facebook Platform Microsoft Azure 160 GB disk Private and public storage (May 2007) (Oct 2008) 250 Mb/second network

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

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Example: Google Apps

Web based office applications and collaboration

Provide API for further customization and information accessing

Application API Authentication API

Etc.

Google Gears for offline operations

Example: Salesforce.com

Provide web-based CRM applications

Customers just sign-up and do not have to maintain any infrastructure

Currently have more than 80,000 customers (over 2,100,000 subscribers)

Pricing from $5/user/month to $250/user/month

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Salesforce.com CRM Functions Benefits of Cloud Computing

No Capital Expenditure (CapEx)

Human Customer Sales & IT Compliance Capital Finance Development Service Marketing Infrastructure and Risk Pay as you go Management Pay only for what you need Workday HCMD Coupa Salesforce SFA Development IT Compliance/Ri Procure to Customer Domain Infrastructure sk Domain Salary.com Marketing Pay Service Support Elastic Capacity Salary Manager Program and Audit Controls Click to dial (CTI Concur T&E Salesforce Resource Portfolio Management Performance Integrations) Manager Content Management Management Management Event Faster time to market Manhattan Salesforce Agile Scrum Compliance Time-off Management Space & Ideas and Bug Manager IT Help Desk Lease Opportunity to Management Plateau Focus on your business Volunteer Management Quote LiveOps Learning QA Test tracking Contract Management Quote to cash Director Asset ADP Payroll Management Management Professional Sales iemployee Time Services Compensation Intranet Tracking Management Checkout E- Google Apps commerce Live Chat (Google)

Source: S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”, http://www.slideshare.net/simone.brunozzi/2010-architecting-for-the-cloud-4719195, 2010

Benefits of Cloud Computing Benefits of Cloud Computing

19 20

Source: S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”, Source: S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”, http://www.slideshare.net/simone.brunozzi/2010-architecting-for-the-cloud-4719195, 2010 http://www.slideshare.net/simone.brunozzi/2010-architecting-for-the-cloud-4719195, 2010

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Benefits of Cloud Computing Suppose you are Forbes.com

20090909_Virt ualizationAnd 21 Cloud

Source: S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”, http://www.slideshare.net/simone.brunozzi/2010-architecting-for-the-cloud-4719195, 2010 You offer on-line real Why pay for capacity time stock market data weekends, overnight?

9 AM - 5 PM, M-F Rate of Server Accesses ALL OTHER TIMES

Source: N. Wilde and T. Huber, “Virtualization and Cloud Computing”, 2009.

Forbes' Solution

Host the web site in Amazon's EC2 Elastic Compute 24 Cloud Cloud Approaches

Provision new servers every day, and deprovision them every night

Pay just $0.10* per server per hour * more for higher capacity servers

Let Amazon worry about the hardware!

Source: N. Wilde and T. Huber, “Virtualization and Cloud Computing”, 2009.

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Infrastructure as a Service Platform as a Service Software as a Service (IaaS) (PaaS) (SaaS)

26 Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh” Source: katescomment.com

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS)

27 28

Provide computer infrastructure Provide infrastructure, system as a service software stacks, and

Virtual Servers / Storages development tools Network equipments: Load Web servers, database servers, balancers, Firewalls, etc. etc.

“Utility computing”, pay per use Many vendors provide services with API Simple to scale and manage Google Calendar, etc. Example: Examples Amazon EC2, S3 Google AppEngine Rackspace Mosso Yahoo! Maps GoGrid Source: http://www.zoho.com/creator/paas.html

Source: http://microreviews.org/types-of-cloud-computing/

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Software as a Service (SaaS)

29 30

Complete web-based software

“Pay-as-you-go” model

Allow customization via parameter configuring

Examples Salesforce.com Google Docs

Gmail, hotmail

Server Consolidation

Old applications rely on 31 Cloud Enabling Technology many servers High operation cost: Adapted from maintenance, electricity, etc. • P. Strassmann, “ Introduction to Virtualization”, Heterogeneous environments George Mason University, 2008 Difficult to migrate • M. Behrens, “Virtualization Assessment” New servers are very powerful and under-utilized Some resources remain idle

Reduce costs by consolidating servers

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Capacity Utilization: Virtualization Concept Stand-Alone vs. Virtualization Servers 33 34

Dedicated Server Virtualized Servers

Virtualization Architeture Benefits of Virtualization

35 36

Flexible Resource management Server consolidation Dynamic resource sharing Reduce power consumption

Simplify maintenance Zero downtime maintenance Live migration Patch management Efficient recovery

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Resource Consolidation Example: Amazon EC2 Revisited

37 38

Reduce number of physical servers Resource pooling

Decrease power consumptions Flexible resource allocation

Source: K. Gan and L. McMurray, “Beginner’s Guide to Cloud Computing and the Good & Bad for Developers”

Amazon EC2 Management Console Amazon EC2 Launch Wizard

39 40

Source: iphp, “Get your own cloud server running in 15 minutes”, Source: iphp, “Get your own cloud server running in 15 minutes”, http://www.webdigi.co.uk/blog/2009/get_your_own_cloud_server_running_in_15_minutes/ http://www.webdigi.co.uk/blog/2009/get_your_own_cloud_server_running_in_15_minutes/

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Cloud Ecosystem

41 Cloud Architecture

Public Virtual Private Cloud Cloud

External

Internal

Private Cloud Private Cloud

Enterprise

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh” 42

Sample Cloud Services

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”43

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From On-Premise to Cloud Platforms From On-Premise to Cloud Platforms

45 46

Application runs Application runs Application on-premises at a hoster runs using cloud services Buy my own hardware, and Co-location “cloud fabric” manage my own or data center Managed (elastic, servers infini-scale)

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh” Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

All acceptable options (trade off) “Packaged” Hosted “Software as a “Packaged” Hosted “Software as a 47 Application “Packaged” Service” 48 Application “Packaged” Service”

An application that I buy An application that I buy A hosted pplication An application that I buy An application that I buy A hosted pplication “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then that I buy from a “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then that I buy from a myself run at a hoster vendor myself run at a hoster vendor Maximum Control Bild vs.Buy Bild Bild vs.Buy Bild Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform “Home Built” “Home Built” “Home Built” “Home Built” An application that I An application that I An application that I An application that I develop myself, but An application that I An application that I develop myself, but develop and run myself develop myself, but run develop and run myself develop myself, but run Maximum Build Buy Build Buy run in the cloud run in the cloud at a hoster at a hoster Economy of Scale

On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud

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“Packaged” Hosted “Software as a “Packaged” Hosted “Software as a 49 ApplicationERP “Packaged” Service” 50 Application “Packaged”ERP Service”

Issue Tracking “Too costly to run this myself, Issue Tracking An application that I buy An application that I buy A hosted pplication An application that I buy An application that I buy A hosted pplication “off the shelf” and run but I’ve“off the made shelf” and too then many that I buy from a “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then that I buy from a Email Email myself customizations”run at a hoster vendor myself run at a hoster vendor “CRM and Email are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for Bild vs.Buy Bild Bild vs.Buy Bild someone else to run these” Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform “HomeHR System Built” “Home Built” “HomeHR System Built” “Home Built” An application that I An application that I Molecule Research Molecule Research An application that I An application that I develop myself, but An application that I An application that I develop myself, but develop and run myself develop myself, but run develop and run myself develop myself, but run Build Buy run in the cloud Build Buy run in the cloud Clinical Trial at a hoster Clinical Trial at a hoster

On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud

“Packaged” Hosted “Software as a “Packaged” Hosted “Software as a 51 Application “Packaged”ERP Service” 52 Application “Packaged”ERP Service”

An application that I buy An application that I buy A hostedIssue Tracking pplication An application that I buy An application that I buy A hostedIssue Tracking pplication “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then that I buy from a HR System that I buy from a myself run at a hoster vendorEmail myself run at a hoster vendorEmail “I can’t afford to maintain this Bild vs.Buy Bild Bild vs.Buy Bild old HR application written in Self Hosted VB – it’sHosted driving me mad!” Cloud Platform Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform “HomeHR System Built” “Home Built” “Home Built” “Home Built” An application that I An application that I Molecule Research Molecule Research “I wish I had access to An application that I An application that I develop myself, but An application that I An application that I develop myself, but develop and run myself develop myself, but run develop and run myself cheaperdevelop myself,compute but run and storage Build Buy Build Buy run in the cloud run in the cloud Clinical Trial at a hoster Clinical Trial when I needat a hoster it” “…but due to privacy issues, I prefer keeping my HR data On premises on-premises”On premises vs. Cloud Cloud On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud

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“Packaged” Hosted “Software as a “Packaged” Hosted “Software as a 53 Application “Packaged”ERP Service” 54 Application “Packaged”ERP Service”

An application that I buy An application that I buy A hostedIssue Tracking pplication An application that I buy An application that I buy A hostedIssue Tracking pplication “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then HR System that I buy from a HR System that I buy from a myself run at a hoster vendorEmail myself run at a hoster vendorEmail Bild vs.Buy Bild Bild vs.Buy Bild Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform “Home Built” “Home Built” “Home Built” “Home Built” An application that I An application that I Molecule Research “THIS is where I want to Molecule Research An application that I An application that I develop myself, but An application that I spend myAn application IT resources that I – I’m develop myself, but develop and run myself develop myself, but run develop and run myself develop myself, but run Build Buy run in the cloud Build Buy run in the cloud Clinical Trial at a hoster Clinical Trial going to doubleat a hoster down on this application!”

On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud

“Packaged” Hosted “Software as a 55 Application “Packaged”ERP Service”

An application that I buy An application that I buy A hostedIssue Tracking pplication “off the shelf” and run “off the shelf” and then HR System that I buy from a 56 myself run at a hoster vendorEmail Real-World Case Study: Animoto Bild vs.Buy Bild Self Hosted Hosted Cloud Platform “Home Built” “Home Built” An application that I Molecule Research An application that I An application that I develop myself, but develop and run myself develop myself, but run Build Buy run in the cloud Clinical Trial at a hoster

On premises On premises vs. Cloud Cloud

Source: F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

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Case Study: Animoto

Automatic VDO creation from still pictures

SaaS on IaaS

10x users’ growth in 3 days (from 25k to 250k)

Total number of servers owned by Animoto = 0

The most expensive piece of equipment in the office is the espresso machine

Source: R. Smith, “The Cloud/Electric Generator Analogy”, Utilize Amazon EC2 InformationWeek Analytic, Jan 2009

References

F. Javadi, “Clearing the Air - Cloud Computing : Adobe Air, Google Gears and Microsoft Mesh”

K. Gan and L. McMurray, “Beginner’s Guide to Cloud Computing and the Good & Bad for Developers”

iphp, “Get your own cloud server running in 15 minutes”, http://www.webdigi.co.uk/blog/2009/get_your_own_cloud_server_running_in_15 _minutes/ , June 2009

S. Brunozzi, “2010 architecting for the cloud”, http://www.slideshare.net/simone.brunozzi/2010-architecting-for-the-cloud- 4719195 , 2010

G. Barton, “Animoto – The Poster Child for AWS & EC2”, http://bartongeorge.net/2009/03/25/animoto-the-poster-child-for-aws-ec2/