Available Online at http://www.recentscientific.com International Journal of CODEN: IJRSFP (USA) Recent Scientific International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Research Vol. 12, Issue, 03 (C), pp. 41314-41316, March, 2021 ISSN: 0976-3031 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR Research Article A STUDY ON CRUDEDENSITY OF HOUSESPARROW (PASSER DOMESTICUS) AT SELECTED SITES OF BARWANITOWN, MADHYAPRADESH *Himanshu Mayriya and Dinesh Verma Department of Zoology, S.B.N. Govt. P.G. College Barwani, Madhya Pradesh DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2021.1203.5866 ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The aim of the study is to estimate crude population density of House sparrows in Barwani town, the Article History: whole field work was done from December 2019 to February 2020 (before covid -19 lockdown Received 10th December, 2020 period) in Winter season, field surveys were done twice a day in morning and evening shifts, at the Received in revised form 2nd end of study, total 761 birds in first month, 626 birds in second month and 666 birds in third month January, 2021 were counted. One survey technique was used, Point count method, study areas are full of trees and Accepted 26th February, 2021 preferred nest sites, during winter season birds flock almost all day in sunny areas, feeding behavior Published online 28th March, 2021 is seen and dead insects, grains, seeds are commonly found eaten, few predatory birds were seen hunting sparrows, due to destruction of nest sites many birds were seen making new nests. This Key Words: study will be used for future studies. Barwani, House sparrow, population density, point count, winter. Copyright © Himanshu Mayriya and Dinesh Verma, 2021, this is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS Birds are of great importance to the ecosystem that surrounds Study area human society. They play a crucial role in controlling population of different insects and pests. They play the key role Barwani isconsidered as Siddh Nagar because of a famous Jain of pollinating agents, helps in dispersal of seeds of different pilgrim Bawangaja is situated here andis a municipal vegetation and scavengers. Birds are the bio-indicators of town in Barwani district of Madhya Pradesh, India, Barwani environment and are being used for conservation and town is located at 22.03°N 74.9°E. It has an average elevation environmental impact assessment[I]. The house sparrow (Passer of 178 meters (583 feet). The Narmada River flows through domesticus indicus) is an important and familiar part of the Barwani; it is 5 km (3.1 miles) from the city centre. The urban avifauna. Ali has described in detail the morphology and maximum temperature of Barwani in April and May used to [II] reach 48° C (118° F), making it one of the hottest places in biology of the house sparrow . A close association with [X] [VII] Central India . human habitations has been a huge factor in its success . House Sparrow is the species, which is known to co-occur with Study sites humans from historic times, and thus serves as a good indicator of the ecological quality. A population is a group of individuals 1. 22.042615°N, 74.914552°E of the same biological species occupying a particular place at 2. 22.029499°N, 74.903534°E 3. 22.045217°N, 74.898680°E the same time. Density measure in terms of the amount of area available as living space is ecological density[III]. Crude density To calculate crude density, about 2.3 hectare of observable area includes all the available area within the organism's range is taken for all 3 sites. Identification of birds were done by the whereas ecological density includes only that portion of that book, Birds of India by Bikram Grewal, Sumit Sen, area that can actually be niched by the species[VIII]. Barwani is Sarwandeep Singh, Nikhil Devasar and Garima Bhatia[IX]. A situated on the south-west zone of Madhya Pradesh state as point and shoot camera (50X Zoom) was used to snapshot the well as the Holy River Narmada is its northern border. The aim bird. Google map was used for land marking and distance of this study is to analyze the crude density of the bird in semi measurements. urban area and newly constructed residential areas which previously were agricultural land. *Corresponding author: Himanshu Mayriya Department of Zoology, S.B.N. Govt. P.G. College Barwani, Madhya Pradesh International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 12, Issue, 03 (B), pp. 41314-41316, March, 2021 Study period The study was conducted for 3 months, from December 2019 to February 2020, the data collectedwas about winter season[VI]. Methods Bird count method was used for data collection: Point count method: In this method, observer sit or stand at a particular location of the study site and records all the birds seen and heard around[IV]. Fig I Sparrows in a group RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table III February 2020 The collected data of 3 months is represented in the tabular form in Table I-III. Day Total count (site 1) Density (per hectare) Male Female 1 23 10.00 11 12 Table I December 2019 2 19 8.26 9 10 3 28 12.17 16 12 Day Total count (site 1) Density (per hectare) Male Female 4 34 14.78 21 13 1 32 13.91 14 18 5 21 9.13 8 13 2 41 17.83 19 22 6 27 11.74 14 13 3 29 12.61 11 18 7 18 7.83 7 11 4 18 7.83 7 11 8 23 10.00 11 12 5 34 14.78 16 18 Day Total count (site 2) Density (per hectare) Male Female 6 22 9.57 13 9 9 34 14.78 14 20 7 36 15.65 22 14 10 26 11.30 18 8 8 19 8.26 11 8 11 29 12.61 11 18 Day Total count (site 2) Density (per hectare) Male Female 12 38 16.52 21 17 9 23 10 10 13 13 34 14.78 19 15 10 36 15.65 14 22 14 29 12.61 16 13 11 42 18.26 23 19 15 31 13.48 11 20 12 31 13.47 18 13 16 27 11.74 9 18 13 29 12.60 11 18 Day Total count (site 3) Density (per hectare) Male Female 14 40 17.39 26 14 17 31 13.48 16 15 15 25 10.86 14 11 18 23 10.00 10 13 16 34 14.78 21 13 19 25 10.87 13 12 Day Total count (site 3) Density (per hectare) Male Female 20 34 14.78 19 15 17 37 16.08 11 26 21 29 12.61 14 15 18 28 12.17 17 11 22 25 10.87 11 14 19 41 17.82 25 16 23 31 13.48 9 22 20 29 12.60 17 12 24 27 11.74 14 13 21 37 16.08 19 18 22 24 10.43 13 11 23 35 15.21 21 14 24 39 16.95 14 25 Table II January 2020 Day Total count (site 1) Density (per hectare) Male Female 1 24 10.43 11 13 2 17 7.39 9 8 3 31 13.48 15 16 4 25 10.87 7 18 5 21 9.13 12 9 6 30 13.04 18 12 7 15 6.52 9 6 8 19 8.26 6 13 Day Total count (site 2) Density (per hectare) Male Female Fig II Sparrows feeding together 9 30 13.04 13 17 10 21 9.13 9 12 11 29 12.61 16 13 Table IV Description of Population density 12 42 18.26 19 23 13 31 13.48 9 22 Population Density 14 25 10.87 12 13 Month Site Average 15 34 14.78 19 15 Dec-19 1 22.32 16 19 8.26 5 14 2 14.12 Day Total count (site 3) Density (per hectare) Male Female 3 14.66 17 17 7.39 7 10 Jan-20 1 9.89 18 24 10.43 10 14 2 12.55 19 29 12.61 14 15 3 11.57 20 35 15.22 13 22 Feb-20 1 10.48 21 26 11.30 18 8 2 13.47 22 19 8.26 8 11 3 12.22 23 35 15.22 17 18 24 28 12.17 13 15 41315 | P a g e Himanshu Mayriya and Dinesh Verma., A Study oncrudeden sity of house sparrow (Passer Domesticus) At Selected Sites of Barwanitown, Madhyapradesh In December 2019 total 761 sparrows were seen, in January CONCLUSION 2020 total 626 sparrows were seen and in February 2020 total 666 sparrows were seen. Data based on sexual dimorphism is The present study estimates the crude density of House sparrow given in above tables. in Barwani town, the monitoring of sparrow population can be helpful to understand the change in environment as birds are The average crude density for site 1 is 14.23, for site 2 is 13.38 great indicator of the change, as the decrease in population of and for site 3 is 12.81.The first site is a newly developed house sparrow is very critical currently we need to find reasons colony surrounded by farms, which is preferable habitat of the and strategies to overcome this problem, this decline in bird with full of food and nesting site, the second site is an population is due to mainly competition for food, mortality due established residential area having a huge garden besides, the to old age, loss of nesting sites, use of insecticides, mobile third site is the end of the town with abandoned warehouses but tower radiations.