Calappa Japonica Ortmann, 1892, a New Record for Western Australia (Decapoda, Brachyura, Oxystomata)
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CALAPPA JAPONICA ORTMANN, 1892, A NEW RECORD FOR WESTERN AUSTRALIA (DECAPODA, BRACHYURA, OXYSTOMATA) BY DIANA S. JONES Department of Crustacea, Western Australian Museum, Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000, Australia RÉSUMÉ Le crabe oxystome Calappa japonica Ortmann, 1892, est signalé pour la première fois d'Australie occidentale. Ce n'est que le troisième spécimen signalé d'Australie, les deux précédents l'ayant été du sud-est du Queensland (Campbell, 1971). Le premier pléopode mâle et d'autres caractères diagnostiques sont brèvement décrits et figurés. INTRODUCTION The family Calappidae is represented by two genera in Western Australia, namely Calappa and Matuta. Six species of Calappa have been recorded from the waters of Western Australia - C. calappa (L., 1758), C. depressa Miers, 1886, C. hepatica (L., 1758), C. lophos (Herbst, 1785), C. philargius (L., 1758) and C. terraereginae Ward, 1936 (Tyndale-Biscoe & George, 1962). Recently the Western Australian Museum obtained a specimen which, on examination, proved to be Calappa japonica, a species not previously recorded from Western Australia, thus bringing the total number of known Calappa species to seven. Only two other specimens of C. japonica are known from museum collections in Australia. Both specimens were taken off Cape Moreton, southern Queensland, and are housed in the Queensland Museum. Campbell (1971: 28, 31) noted these two specimens as the first records of C. japonica in Australia. Although the shapes of various parts of the first male pleopod of the Oxystomata are known to provide conclusive means of species determination (Tyndale-Biscoe & George, 1962), few workers have described or figured these appendages. Since the first male pleopod of C. japonica has never been figured or described this paper briefly describes and illustrates this appendage from the two known Australian male specimens, along with other relevant diagnostic features. The terms used in the description of the pleopods are those of Tyndale-Biscoe & George (1962). The following abbreviations are used in the text: WAM, Western Australian Museum, Perth; QM, Queensland Museum, Brisbane; c.l., carapace length, 134 measured in centimetres from anterior median notch to mid posterior margin; c.w., carapace width, measured in centimetres at the widest part of the carapace. Calappa japonica Ortmann, 1892 (figs. 1-2) (.'alappajaponl*caOrtmann, 1892: 556, pl. 26 fig. 8; Ortmann, 1897: 296; Parisi, 1914: 287, fig. 1 (mxp.1 ), pl. 11; Ihle, 1918: 301, 308; Balss, 1922: 123; Sakai, 1935: 46, text-fig. 9; Sakai, 1937: 96, pl. 18 fig. 4; Barnard, 1947: 372; Barnard, 1950: 352, figs. 66n-p; Utinomi, 1956: 71, pl. 36 fig. 1; Sakai, 1965: 57, pl. 23 fig. 1; Campbell, 1971: 31; Sakai, 1976: 133, pl. 40 fig. 2. Calappa exanthematosaAlcock & Anderson, 1894: 177; Alcock & Anderson, 1895, pl. 15 figs. 1, la; Alcock, 1896: 146; Alcock, 1899: 21. Calappa flammea(non Herbst, 1796) Barnard, 1926: 120. Material examined 1 0*, WAM 579-85, c.w. 15.99 cm, c.l. 10.65 cm, 16 km S. of Rottnest I., W.A., L. Sgherza, on Nakeda III, in rock-lobster pot, 93 m, attacked by octopus and both chelipeds and parts of some ambulatories missing; 1 0*, QM Reg. No. W2414, c.w. 16.5 cm, c.l. 10.51 cm, off Cape Moreton, S.E. Queensland, trawled 70 fm, B. Beutel, March 1966; 1 9 (specimen examined by P. Davie, Q.M.), Q.M. Reg. No. W3362 (dry coll.), c.w. 12.67 cm, c.l. 8.77 cm, off Cape Morcton, S.E. Queensland, trawled 65 fm, D. Harris. - Description. Carapace strongly convex, especially in branchial regions, rounded in front, broadly oval, much broader than long, maximum length a little more than two-thirds maximum width. Anterior half of upper surface covered with large oval or rounded blunt mamillary tubercles, tubercles covered with fine, flat granules. Preserved specimens pale with rose-pink markings around circumference of tubercles and on more posterior parts of carapace. Tubercles of fresh specimens with apex yellowish, circumferenced with red colouration at their bases (Sakai, 1937: 96), exactly resembling smallpox pustules (Alcock, 1899: 21). More posterior areas of upper surface smooth, with vestigial round or oval tubercles. Anterolateral margins sinuous in anterior half with low, obtuse mamillary tubercles, circumferenced by red colouration at their bases, posterior half coarsely serrated with 4 or 5 larger mamillary tubercles. Posterolateral margins expanded as clypeiform expan- sions, little developed, ambulatory legs not being completely concealed beneath them, 7 sharp teeth around free margin, teeth tuberculated. Posterior margin bounded by a prominent obtuse tooth on either side, median tooth absent, margin thickly tuberculated. Front bifid, 2 median obtuse teeth and 2 large obtuse teeth almost above median ones separated by wide median sinus. Orbits small, circular, eyestalks short, thick. Antennae small, basal joints not strongly produced, flagellum short, antennules folding obliquely beneath front. Pterygostomian region naked. Longitudinal septum of endostome low and narrow, not extending to level of mouth, anterior border cut square, projecting obliquely, entirely con- cealed by lamellar processes (endopodites) of first pair of maxillipeds. Ridges bordering exhalent canals square cut, ending at level of anterior border of sep- tum of endostome. .