ORDER STONGYLIDA พยาธิสตรองกาย
Family Syngamidae (พยาธิในหลอดลมของสัตว์ปีก) Family Ancylostomatidae (พยาธิปากขอ) Family Trichostrongylidae (สตรองกายในกระเพาะ แท้ของสัตว์เคี้ยวเอื้อง) Family Dictyocaulidae (สตรองกายในหลอดลม) Family Metastrongylidae (พยาธิในปอดของสุกร)
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Family Syngamidae
Syngamus trachea Gape worm Trachea of poultry Red worm Pair: Y-shaped Egg: oval, 2 opercula
Sunday, 16 January 2011 1. By ingestion of an egg containing and L3 (A).2. By ingestion of the hatched L3 (B). Life cycle 3. By ingestion of a transport host containing encapsulated L3s (C). (---> ) L3s exsheath in the duodenum (D), moult-- penetrate the intestine– liver--lungs (E)---Two parasitic moults take place in the lungs--Adult M and F pair off –trachea--begin copulation in bronchi and trachea (F). (--->) Eggs escape from the vulva under the bursa of the permanently attached male and are carried up the trachea in the excess mucus produced in response to infection. They are then swallowed and passed in the • The prepatent period : feces, completing the cycle. 12-17 days.
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle of S. trachea
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Sunday, 16 January 2011 Pathogenesis Lung Ecchymoses Oedema Pnuemonia Trachea Tracheitis Nodule
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Clinical signs
Sign of “Gape” หายใจลําบาก อ้าปาก หายใจ !!
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Diagnosis Clinical signs Faecal examination Necropsy
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Treatment Thiabendazole Mebendazole
Prevention and control Eliminate transport host
Sunday, 16 January 2011 พยาธิปากขอ (Hookworms) Family Ancylostomatidae: buccal capsule, hook-liked, no leafcrown, well-developed bursa, blood sucker in small intestine Subfamily Ancylostominae: teeth Subfamily Necatorinae: cutting plate
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Subfamily Ancylostominae Genus: Ancylostoma Ancylostoma caninum: dog Ancylostoma tubaeforme: cat Ancylostoma ceylanucum: dog cat human Ancylostoma braziliense: dog cat Ancylostoma duodenale: human
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma caninum
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma tubaeforme
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma ceylanucum
A. Caninum A. ceylanicum A. braziliense
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma braziliense
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma braziliense
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma duodenale (human hookworm)
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostoma duodenale
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle of A. caninum
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle of A. caninum
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle of A. braziliense
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle of other Ancylostoma
A. braziliense A. ceylanicum A. tubaeforme A. duodenale No transmammary No transplacental
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Subfamily Necatorinae Genus: Uncinaria Uncinaria stenocephala Small intestine of dog cat fox Cutting plate Buccal capsule Bursa Typical strongyle- typed egg
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Uncinaria stenocephala
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Sunday, 16 January 2011 Other human hookworms Necator americanus
Uncinaria stenocephala
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Sunday, 16 January 2011 Prepatent period
Percutaneous : 14-20 days Per os : 15-18 days Transmammary : 20 days Transplacental : 13 days Paratenic : <20 days
Deworming within 3 weeks after birth!!!
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Ancylostomiasis Anaemia : puppy Huge quantity by lactogenic transmission Inadequate to compensate Fe+ Bloody diarrhoea Skin lesion Lung lesion
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Sunday, 16 January 2011 Treatment
Pyrantel pamoate Mebendazole Fenbendazole Ivermectin
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Prevention and control
Sanitation Deworming : 1-2 weeks after birth Repeat deworming 2 weeks later
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Cutaneous larva migrans Larvae of A. braziliense U. stenocephala A. caninum A. duodenale N. americanus Bunostomum phlebotomum Strongyloides spp. Gnathostoma spp. Skin lesion Occasionally lung/eyes
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Cutaneous Larval Migrans
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Hookworms of ruminant Genus: Bunostomum B. phlebotomum : cattle B. trigonocephalum : sheep goat Cutting plate
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle and pathogenesis Per os Per cutaneously Anaemia Oedema Diarrhoea
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Hookworms of pigs
Genus : Globocephalus
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Superfamily : Trichostrongyloidea Family : Trichostrongylidae Parasites of ruminant, horses Small mouth No teeth, no leafcrown Well-developed bursa Ovijector in female
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Genus
Trichostrongylus Ostertagia Marshallagia Cooperia Paracooperia Nematodirus Haemonchus Mecistocirrus
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Haemonchus Barber’s pole/cervical papillae/short, thick spicule Haemonchus contortus Abomasum of sheep goat Asymmetrical dorsal ray Female: vulvar flap Haemonchus placei Abomasum of cattle Asymmetrical dorsal ray Female: vulvar knob
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Cervical papilla H. contortus
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Barber’s pole
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Genus : Mecistocirrus Mecistocirrus digitatus Abomasum of cattle sheep goat Ant.region liked Haemonchus Long, slender spicule Symmetrical dorsal ray Female: no vulvar flap/knob
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Sunday, 16 January 2011 Pathogenesis and clinical signs
Haemorrhagic anaemia Emaciation Severe haemorrhagic gastritis Ascites/ bottle jaw
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Self-cure phenomenon
Sheep infect with infective larvae and expel adult worm into environment The ingested larvae cannot Acquired reach adult immunology stage
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Family : Dictyocaulidae
Site : respiratory tract Direct life cycle Developed bursa Dictyocaulus filaria : sheep goat Dictyocaulus viviparus : cattle
Sunday, 16 January 2011 D. filaria
D. viviparus
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Superfamily : Metastrongyloidea Family : Metastrongylidae Metastrongylus elongatus Bronchi bronchiole 6 lips Slender worm long slender spicules Larvated egg
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Metastrongylus elongatus
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Life cycle of Metastrongylus
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Pathogenesis and clinical signs Lung consolidation Bronchitis Bronchial muscular Pneumonia hypertrophy Vector of swine Peribronchial influenza virus lymphoid hyperplasia Respiratory signs
Sunday, 16 January 2011 Diagnosis Faecal examination Clinical signs Diagnosis Levamisole Fenbendazole Ivermectin Diagnosis Eliminate intermediate host
Sunday, 16 January 2011