Early Ford V-8 Cars

REFURBISHING MANUAL :FOR EARLY FORD V-8 CARS YEARS 1937 lo 1941 and 1945 lo 1948 AV AUTOMOBILE FINISH • PREPARING THE SURFACE • GENERAL PAINT INSTRUCTIONS • REFINISH NOMENCLATURE • FORD FACTORY PAINT SCHEDULES • REFINISH SCHEDULES- LACQUER, ACRYLIC AND ENAMEL SYSTEMS • SAND SCRATCHES AND HOW TO AVOID THEM • PAINT TROUBLES, CAUSES AND REMEDIES • SPRAYING ENAMELS • HOW TO CORRECT DISTORTED PATTERNS. LET'S PAINT It is an undisputable fact that As the acrylic colors become widely any attempt to refinish the ex used today in auto refinishing, toners terior paint of the antique Ford (mixing colors) for the antique auto must be done by an experienced colors have suffered obsolescence with individual . or a restorer who the manufacturer. There has been some has made a complete study of the assurance that some quantities of these process. toners will continue to be supplied by * * * * special arrangement . and possibly It was the year 1934 that Ford V-8 some colors re-formulated in acrylic. car finishes were changed from lacquer To completely cover the interior fab to enamel. Fortunately, some color ric and refinishing of ten years of Ford built cars would be a gargantuous task. formulas still exist for the compound This manual gives what basic informa ing of both types of paint. It is gratify tion it has available on interior finishes. ing to the novice painter that he can No small amount of research is left to choose a lacquer finish instead of enamel the restorer from Ford literature such for his car ... a much easier handling medium. as body parts lists, etc., circa the model year of his car. Wood grain finishing is There can be no guarantee that a a task to be left to the expert. lacquer and an enamel color by the same Most antique auto stores and in name will match completely in shade terior refinishing specialists have valu and hue. able information concerning the various Colors after World War II years painting needs . they are the ones (DAL and DQE) can be augmented to contact. from Ditzler Jobber records. Such job On February 10, 1942, Ford bers and antique auto stores can also be Motor Company halted civilian the suppliers for black lacquer, enamel production of autos and placed and engine colors. the entire effort toward a speedy Ditzler Color Division files do reveal conclusion of World War II. Cars all code numbers of colors for the early for civilian use were again in pro V-8 Ford cars, al tho the formulas for duction on July 3, 1945. This ac some appear to be non-existent (such counts for a deletion of years, 1942 have been eliminated from color chips through 1945, in this manual. of this manual). The evolution of auto finishes con * * * * tinues to advance, from early carriage Portions of this manual are repro finishes in Japans and piano varnish of duced with the permission of Ditzler the Horseless Carriage era that took Color Division (PPG), Ford Motor two weeks to cure and dry, until today, Company, LeBaron Bonney Company with acrylics that dry nearly on con and a nameless number of enthusiastic tact into more durable surfaces. Early Ford V-8 Restorers. HOW TO SPRAY AUTOMOBILE FINISHES Spraying an automobile is a viscosities. For instance, lacquer pay for itself many times •over in skilled job and calls for consider primer-surfacer sprays best at 15 thinning automotive finishes in ably more experience and knowl seconds viscosity, acrylic lacquer at amounts that will make them work edge than just holding down the 12 seconds and alkyd enamel colors, most efficiently. trigger and hoping that the gun lacquer colors and synthetic primer will put the paint where it is sup surfacers all at 19 seconds. Hot Cup posed to be and in the right amount. In the laboratory this viscosity is If DAR acrylic enamel or DQE carefully measured with a viscosity enamel is thinned 10% with the Kind of Gun cup such as the Ford Viscosity Cup recommended long fl.ow reducer, and There are several types of spray shown on page 21. If this cup is is then heated to 160° F. in a hot cup, guns in use. The gun commonly filled to the brim with DQE enamel it will bring the enamel down to the used in refinishing work, however, reduced 25% with DTE reducer it spraying viscosity recommended. is the syphon cup gun. The trigger will take 19 seconds to run thru the The advantages of so called "hot action controls both air and fluid. It hole in the bottom of the cup. spray" are the saving in the amount is very important to have a good Laboratory equipment such as of reducer used, and, if it is applied gun and one that is designed for the Ford Viscosity Cup is not prac just right, one coat application. automotive work. In fact, in any tical in the refinish paint shop. The There are more things to control shop where there are sufficient jobs cost of the equipment is too high in "hot spraying" and, therefore, going through to justify it, there and the time required to operate it more caution must be used in pre should be at least three guns. One is too long. paring the material for spraying gun to be used primarily for spray To take the guesswork out of and in applying it. ing undercoats like primer-surfacers, thinning the product for use and If the enamel is not heated to a another for spraying lacquers and yet to insure the painter that he full 160° F., or less than 10 % of a acrylics, and a third gun for spray can spray the paint at exactly the long flow reducer is used, the vis ing synthetic enamels. If these guns viscosity that will give the best re cosity will be too high and improper are kept clean and in good working sults, all DITZLER products are atomization will result. If the ma order, much time will be saved carefully controlled so that they terial is overheated, or heated over over trying to make one gun serve are canned at the same viscosity too long a period, it may cook out and having to adjust it each time every time. some of its properties and cause the that the operation is changed. It can be demonstrated that at a enamel to perform improperly. A given temperature, a three second third caution is safety. Never heat Spraying Viscosity difference in spraying viscosity will material over or near an open Thin material to spraying viscos have a distinct influence on the flame! Use only a hot cup or heat ity according to the directions on fl.ow of the material being sprayed. ing device that has been safety the can. It can therefore be seen that exact approved. No method other than measure reduction is essential if the painter ment of the thinner will do the job is going to spray at the viscosity at Temperatures adequately. Because appearance is which the paint will spray the easi The temperature at which ma affected by the temperature, the est and the best results can be terial is sprayed and dried has way the paint runs off the stirring obtained. great influence on smoothness of paddle is not a reliable method of In factory operations, where new the finish. This involves not only determining viscosity. cars are sprayed, spraying viscosity the air temperatures of the shop The amount of reduction should is held within a tolerance of one but the temperature of the work as be the same regardless of tempera second at a given temperature. well. A job should be brought into ture (see directions on DTE-303 A simple kitchen measuring cup the shop long enough ahead of for special spraying technique) . or a graduate is an inexpensive spraying time to arrive at approxi At a higher temperature the vis piece of shop equipment that will mately the same temperature as the cosity of the reduced material shop. Spraying warm paint on a will actually be slightly lower but this is offset by the faster evapora tion of the thinner as it travels be tween the gun and the surface being painted. The result is that the paint reaches the surface at the correct viscosity. The reverse is true in a cold shop. The reduced paint is a little thicker but evaporation in the air is less so that the paint reaches the sur face being sprayed at the proper viscosity. Automotive finishes are manu factured to spray ideally at varying cold surface or spraying cool ma WRONG !Fig. 16! terial on a hot surface will com Thin Coat, rough, dry, no lustre. pletely upset flow characteristics. The rate of evaporation on a hot REASONS summer day is approximately 50 % Fluid control not open enough. faster than it is on an average day Gun too far away. with a shop temperature of 72 °. Paint too thin. Appropriate thinners or reducers Too much air. should be used for warm and cold Stroke too fast. weather application& Not enough overlap. Figure 16 Film Thickness Lacquers and acrylic lacquers dry by evaporation only. Alkyd and WRONG /Fig . 17! acrylic enamels dry by both evap oration and oxidation. Heavy Coat with sags, ripples The thicker the film applied, the or orange peel. longer the drying time. REASONS The difference in film thickness Dirty air nozzle. shows up plainly in primer-surfacer Gun too close. and in enamel colors. A lacquer Paint to thin or too thick primer-surfacer that can be sanded Low air pressure.

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